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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,819 --> 00:00:05,820 foreign 2 00:00:06,480 --> 00:00:09,868 [Music] 3 00:00:19,160 --> 00:00:23,059 the holy lands 4 00:00:23,100 --> 00:00:28,160 a weapon also called the Spear of 5 00:00:26,160 --> 00:00:30,660 Destiny 6 00:00:28,160 --> 00:00:33,780 the spear that is believed to have 7 00:00:30,660 --> 00:00:37,558 pierced Christ's side at his crucifixion 8 00:00:33,780 --> 00:00:40,079 [Music] 9 00:00:37,558 --> 00:00:42,259 let's go back to the origins to the 10 00:00:40,079 --> 00:00:45,239 fateful day of his death 11 00:00:42,259 --> 00:00:47,280 he is indigo in ordeal which prevails of 12 00:00:45,238 --> 00:00:49,820 the hands of the Romans it's the 13 00:00:47,280 --> 00:00:49,820 crucifixion 14 00:00:50,479 --> 00:00:56,809 crucifixion an extreme torture that was 15 00:00:53,520 --> 00:00:59,059 always fatal so why the need for a spear 16 00:00:56,810 --> 00:01:01,859 [Music] 17 00:00:59,058 --> 00:01:03,839 what evidence do we have of a spear was 18 00:01:01,859 --> 00:01:08,060 used against Christ 19 00:01:03,840 --> 00:01:08,060 and do we know who used it 20 00:01:08,159 --> 00:01:14,340 as incredible as it may seem the holy 21 00:01:11,099 --> 00:01:16,379 lands has become sacred the spear is now 22 00:01:14,340 --> 00:01:18,960 a major religion 23 00:01:16,379 --> 00:01:21,060 why has this instrument of death evolved 24 00:01:18,959 --> 00:01:22,519 into one of the most important relics in 25 00:01:21,060 --> 00:01:25,019 Christendom 26 00:01:22,519 --> 00:01:26,938 the relics of The Passion of Christ are 27 00:01:25,019 --> 00:01:28,618 incredibly rare which makes them the 28 00:01:26,938 --> 00:01:30,599 most valuable thing 29 00:01:28,618 --> 00:01:33,118 we'll go in search of the Holy lands 30 00:01:30,599 --> 00:01:35,640 following its extraordinary Journey 31 00:01:33,118 --> 00:01:38,759 coveted and owned by some of the world's 32 00:01:35,640 --> 00:01:40,200 most powerful people Charlemagne 33 00:01:38,759 --> 00:01:43,439 St Louis 34 00:01:40,200 --> 00:01:49,439 Napoleon and Hitler 35 00:01:43,439 --> 00:01:53,280 [Applause] 36 00:01:49,438 --> 00:01:56,239 we will travel to Vienna Jerusalem Paris 37 00:01:53,280 --> 00:01:56,239 and the Vatican 38 00:01:56,759 --> 00:02:01,019 on our journey we'll see how the very 39 00:01:59,219 --> 00:02:03,780 subject of the Holy lands is 40 00:02:01,019 --> 00:02:05,340 controversial some even dispute its 41 00:02:03,780 --> 00:02:07,680 existence 42 00:02:05,340 --> 00:02:09,300 we have no idea if there was a lens and 43 00:02:07,680 --> 00:02:11,520 if there was a lens we have no idea 44 00:02:09,300 --> 00:02:13,500 where it is 45 00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:15,900 and other think that the relics of the 46 00:02:13,500 --> 00:02:18,840 passion including the holy lands are 47 00:02:15,900 --> 00:02:22,939 real we know that they are still there 48 00:02:18,840 --> 00:02:22,939 but we do not show them anymore 49 00:02:23,520 --> 00:02:29,219 will disentangle fact from the fiction 50 00:02:26,900 --> 00:02:31,620 investigating one of the great Legends 51 00:02:29,219 --> 00:02:36,080 of Christendom 52 00:02:31,620 --> 00:02:36,080 The Mystery of the Holy lands 53 00:02:36,870 --> 00:02:44,870 [Music] 54 00:02:45,120 --> 00:02:50,719 the story of the Holy lands began over 55 00:02:47,519 --> 00:02:50,719 2000 years ago 56 00:02:51,060 --> 00:02:56,340 Jesus of Nazareth died on the cross 57 00:02:53,878 --> 00:02:58,679 according to the gospels a Roman soldier 58 00:02:56,340 --> 00:03:01,560 grabbed his Spear and pierced Christ's 59 00:02:58,680 --> 00:03:04,140 side his weapon later called the lands 60 00:03:01,560 --> 00:03:06,539 of Destiny became a vital relic of the 61 00:03:04,139 --> 00:03:08,239 passion sacred because it came into 62 00:03:06,539 --> 00:03:10,079 direct contact with Christ 63 00:03:08,240 --> 00:03:12,719 [Music] 64 00:03:10,080 --> 00:03:15,000 ancient texts and even songs evoke the 65 00:03:12,719 --> 00:03:16,979 holy lands throughout the centuries it 66 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:21,919 is said to have passed into the hands of 67 00:03:16,979 --> 00:03:21,919 famous historical people but what is it 68 00:03:22,259 --> 00:03:27,000 question 733 69 00:03:24,780 --> 00:03:30,318 Charles Martel is said to own it when he 70 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:30,318 crushed the Muslim Army 71 00:03:30,959 --> 00:03:34,680 at the beginning of the 9th century the 72 00:03:33,360 --> 00:03:37,739 lands passed into the hands of 73 00:03:34,680 --> 00:03:41,300 Charlemagne he fights 47 Victorious 74 00:03:37,739 --> 00:03:41,300 battles with it at his side 75 00:03:43,378 --> 00:03:49,079 in the 13th century Louis IX known as 76 00:03:47,039 --> 00:03:51,780 Saint Louis bought the holy lands from 77 00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:54,620 the Emperor of Constantinople bringing 78 00:03:51,780 --> 00:03:54,620 it back to Paris 79 00:03:56,459 --> 00:04:01,459 it then stays in Central Europe for 700 80 00:03:59,158 --> 00:04:01,459 years 81 00:04:05,239 --> 00:04:10,920 1938 as the second world war approached 82 00:04:08,459 --> 00:04:12,120 Adolf Hitler seized it taking it to 83 00:04:10,919 --> 00:04:14,158 Nuremberg 84 00:04:12,120 --> 00:04:16,139 The Treasure of the Austrian Empire is 85 00:04:14,158 --> 00:04:19,159 part of the large-scale Looting of 86 00:04:16,139 --> 00:04:19,160 European Arts 87 00:04:21,358 --> 00:04:27,680 after the war the lands of Destiny is 88 00:04:23,879 --> 00:04:27,680 found in a vault hidden by Hitler 89 00:04:30,418 --> 00:04:36,500 in 1946 the American government returned 90 00:04:33,478 --> 00:04:36,500 it to the austrians 91 00:04:39,120 --> 00:04:43,579 today the Lance is thought to be in 92 00:04:41,160 --> 00:04:43,580 Vienna 93 00:04:46,439 --> 00:04:51,139 but the story of this spear is not quite 94 00:04:48,600 --> 00:04:51,139 so simple 95 00:04:54,860 --> 00:05:02,160 why was this Relic so desired the object 96 00:04:59,519 --> 00:05:05,339 has a power as such and firstly gives 97 00:05:02,160 --> 00:05:09,259 its possessor an aura and secondly a 98 00:05:05,339 --> 00:05:09,258 significant spiritual and temporal power 99 00:05:12,418 --> 00:05:17,099 symbol of power and righteousness it's 100 00:05:14,939 --> 00:05:20,339 you to understand why the holy lands was 101 00:05:17,100 --> 00:05:23,340 the object of desires 102 00:05:20,339 --> 00:05:23,339 foreign 103 00:05:24,418 --> 00:05:32,959 but how did this spear even first appear 104 00:05:28,439 --> 00:05:32,959 and why was it used against Jesus Christ 105 00:05:34,399 --> 00:05:40,019 what is the true story of the Holy lands 106 00:05:37,379 --> 00:05:42,180 to find out we must Trace its Journey 107 00:05:40,019 --> 00:05:43,750 back through time to the origins of 108 00:05:42,180 --> 00:05:53,489 Christendom itself 109 00:05:43,750 --> 00:05:53,488 [Music] 110 00:05:55,339 --> 00:06:00,060 for the Roman authorities Jesus was a 111 00:05:58,500 --> 00:06:02,639 troublemaker 112 00:06:00,060 --> 00:06:05,660 makes nothing my father's house and 113 00:06:02,639 --> 00:06:05,660 House of merchandise 114 00:06:06,120 --> 00:06:12,860 leaders Jesus questioned everything 115 00:06:08,639 --> 00:06:12,860 the situation was no longer tolerable 116 00:06:13,800 --> 00:06:19,100 kaifas the high priest of Jerusalem had 117 00:06:16,439 --> 00:06:19,100 him arrested 118 00:06:27,160 --> 00:06:31,860 [Applause] 119 00:06:30,220 --> 00:06:34,139 [Music] 120 00:06:31,860 --> 00:06:37,680 they decided to deliver Jesus to the 121 00:06:34,139 --> 00:06:40,379 Romans as his crucifixion nears so does 122 00:06:37,680 --> 00:06:44,000 the appearance of the Holy lands but 123 00:06:40,379 --> 00:06:44,000 when was the Christ's passion 124 00:06:44,180 --> 00:06:49,379 the era of Christ corresponds to the 125 00:06:47,279 --> 00:06:51,478 reign of Emperor Tiberius the 126 00:06:49,379 --> 00:06:54,180 crucifixion dates to about the year 30. 127 00:06:51,478 --> 00:06:55,800 and while it is not totally certain to 128 00:06:54,180 --> 00:06:58,639 the time when Pontius Pilate was 129 00:06:55,800 --> 00:06:58,639 governor of Judea 130 00:06:59,038 --> 00:07:03,899 according to the gospels Pontius bilati 131 00:07:01,978 --> 00:07:05,818 was forced to condemn Jesus under 132 00:07:03,899 --> 00:07:08,579 pressure from the Jewish authorities and 133 00:07:05,819 --> 00:07:10,319 the crowd I do that with Jesus who in 134 00:07:08,579 --> 00:07:13,399 her shall be released 135 00:07:10,319 --> 00:07:13,400 crucify you 136 00:07:15,500 --> 00:07:22,918 the sentence was crucifixion 137 00:07:19,339 --> 00:07:27,079 is to undergo a no deal at the hands of 138 00:07:22,918 --> 00:07:27,079 the Romans it's the crucifixion 139 00:07:27,199 --> 00:07:33,060 victim to some wood then leave him there 140 00:07:30,478 --> 00:07:36,060 to suffer sometimes for several days at 141 00:07:33,060 --> 00:07:37,560 the entrance of the city so that all the 142 00:07:36,060 --> 00:07:39,538 enemies of the Empire can see what 143 00:07:37,560 --> 00:07:43,819 awaits them should they have The 144 00:07:39,538 --> 00:07:43,818 Misfortune to revolt against Romans 145 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:49,978 Jesus had to carry his own cross to a 146 00:07:47,759 --> 00:07:54,800 hill outside Jerusalem a place called 147 00:07:49,978 --> 00:07:54,800 Golgotha the place of the skull 148 00:07:56,038 --> 00:08:02,038 in the four canonical gospels attributed 149 00:07:58,800 --> 00:08:05,598 to Matthew Mark Luke and John one can 150 00:08:02,038 --> 00:08:05,598 read the story of the crucifixion 151 00:08:05,879 --> 00:08:12,259 but only in the Gospel of John does the 152 00:08:08,579 --> 00:08:12,258 holy lands take Center Stage 153 00:08:12,478 --> 00:08:17,879 one of the soldiers thrusts a spear into 154 00:08:15,060 --> 00:08:20,660 his side and immediately blood and water 155 00:08:17,879 --> 00:08:20,659 spouts out 156 00:08:23,579 --> 00:08:28,439 in the 4th Century a book speaks of the 157 00:08:26,519 --> 00:08:30,659 Centurion and the spear called The 158 00:08:28,439 --> 00:08:33,658 Gospel of Nicodemus 159 00:08:30,660 --> 00:08:36,000 the gospel isn't well known but it is 160 00:08:33,658 --> 00:08:38,700 nevertheless of great importance 161 00:08:36,000 --> 00:08:41,899 as it has been quoted in nearly 400 162 00:08:38,700 --> 00:08:45,240 manuscripts medieval encyclopedias 163 00:08:41,899 --> 00:08:47,700 historical Chronicles and sermons 164 00:08:45,240 --> 00:08:48,360 this is the first time the Centurion is 165 00:08:47,700 --> 00:08:50,220 named 166 00:08:48,360 --> 00:08:52,800 [Music] 167 00:08:50,220 --> 00:08:54,720 soldiers crowned him with thorns he was 168 00:08:52,799 --> 00:08:57,059 flogged and he received pilate's 169 00:08:54,720 --> 00:08:59,100 sentence he was crucified at the place 170 00:08:57,059 --> 00:09:00,719 of the skull with tooth 171 00:08:59,100 --> 00:09:03,420 tooth he was made to drink sour wine 172 00:09:00,720 --> 00:09:05,519 mixed with Goal before Saint longinus 173 00:09:03,419 --> 00:09:07,939 the soldier pierced his side with his 174 00:09:05,519 --> 00:09:07,940 spear 175 00:09:08,100 --> 00:09:13,019 but beyond the gospel 176 00:09:10,919 --> 00:09:15,360 what really happened during a 177 00:09:13,019 --> 00:09:17,940 crucifixion 178 00:09:15,360 --> 00:09:21,180 what were the rituals 179 00:09:17,940 --> 00:09:22,620 is the use of a spear plausible and was 180 00:09:21,179 --> 00:09:25,519 it part of the punishment 181 00:09:22,620 --> 00:09:28,500 [Music] 182 00:09:25,519 --> 00:09:30,899 the weapon that was used during Christ's 183 00:09:28,500 --> 00:09:34,019 passion was simply used to check if the 184 00:09:30,899 --> 00:09:36,899 crucified were still alive or not it was 185 00:09:34,019 --> 00:09:39,778 not a gratuitous Act of Cruelty on the 186 00:09:36,899 --> 00:09:42,440 contrary I would dare say it was almost 187 00:09:39,778 --> 00:09:42,439 humane 188 00:09:46,139 --> 00:09:53,419 where Christ was concerned this gesture 189 00:09:48,899 --> 00:09:53,419 was useless because he was already dead 190 00:09:54,120 --> 00:10:01,740 but there is also a medical explanation 191 00:09:57,500 --> 00:10:05,100 it does involve also the uh Rising 192 00:10:01,740 --> 00:10:07,740 liquids in the chest area so that 193 00:10:05,100 --> 00:10:10,500 piercing or that alleged piercing may 194 00:10:07,740 --> 00:10:14,060 have been there to release this pressure 195 00:10:10,500 --> 00:10:14,059 in the chest I 196 00:10:14,278 --> 00:10:19,458 this would make explain the description 197 00:10:16,500 --> 00:10:19,458 in the gospel 198 00:10:19,679 --> 00:10:24,719 the soldiers thrust the spear into his 199 00:10:22,200 --> 00:10:26,959 side and immediately blood and water 200 00:10:24,720 --> 00:10:30,000 spouts out 201 00:10:26,958 --> 00:10:31,799 crucifixion a cruel torture from the 202 00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:34,559 beginning of our era 203 00:10:31,799 --> 00:10:36,838 during the passion Jesus Christ endured 204 00:10:34,559 --> 00:10:39,319 this torment without suffering all the 205 00:10:36,839 --> 00:10:42,540 violations reserved for the crucified 206 00:10:39,320 --> 00:10:46,620 nevertheless his side was pierced by a 207 00:10:42,539 --> 00:10:49,458 lance in vain as Christ was already dead 208 00:10:46,620 --> 00:10:52,320 this spear then became a holy Relic 209 00:10:49,458 --> 00:10:56,299 longinus the soldier held it and that 210 00:10:52,320 --> 00:10:56,300 day his Destiny changed 211 00:10:57,480 --> 00:11:00,480 foreign 212 00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:10,500 [Music] 213 00:11:07,879 --> 00:11:14,539 continues in search of the Holy lands 214 00:11:10,500 --> 00:11:14,539 the spear that pierced Christ's side 215 00:11:15,899 --> 00:11:20,480 longinus was a soldier who held it in 216 00:11:18,120 --> 00:11:24,560 his hands that day 217 00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:27,720 the word lands used in Greek well it's 218 00:11:24,559 --> 00:11:29,338 and so suddenly we say look the name 219 00:11:27,720 --> 00:11:31,800 given to this Soldier is a name that 220 00:11:29,339 --> 00:11:33,660 derives from the word lands and in the 221 00:11:31,799 --> 00:11:35,939 Christian tradition that's probably 222 00:11:33,659 --> 00:11:39,179 where his name comes from so we'll all 223 00:11:35,940 --> 00:11:42,660 come him Longines 224 00:11:39,179 --> 00:11:45,299 [Music] 225 00:11:42,659 --> 00:11:47,278 the Christian tradition also says that 226 00:11:45,299 --> 00:11:49,679 when half-blind longinus pierced 227 00:11:47,278 --> 00:11:52,439 Christ's side he was covered in blood 228 00:11:49,679 --> 00:11:54,679 and water and his sight was instantly 229 00:11:52,440 --> 00:11:57,420 recovered 230 00:11:54,679 --> 00:11:58,779 but could a Roman soldier have been 231 00:11:57,419 --> 00:12:03,919 half-blind 232 00:11:58,779 --> 00:12:07,078 [Music] 233 00:12:03,919 --> 00:12:09,799 there was a miracle it was that the 234 00:12:07,078 --> 00:12:12,479 semi-blind man recovered his sight 235 00:12:09,799 --> 00:12:15,019 but we must see this as a symbolic 236 00:12:12,480 --> 00:12:15,019 blindness 237 00:12:18,019 --> 00:12:23,220 so he has a sort of Revelation it's in 238 00:12:21,360 --> 00:12:24,778 this sense that there is a miracle that 239 00:12:23,220 --> 00:12:27,920 is far more important than that of 240 00:12:24,778 --> 00:12:27,919 recovering his sights 241 00:12:37,200 --> 00:12:42,139 after the crucifixion longinus mission 242 00:12:40,139 --> 00:12:45,600 was to protect the body of Christ 243 00:12:42,139 --> 00:12:47,820 allowing no one to touch it 244 00:12:45,600 --> 00:12:51,959 but after attending the resurrection of 245 00:12:47,820 --> 00:12:54,980 Christ longinus became a different man 246 00:12:51,958 --> 00:12:58,078 he changed his life gave up his weapons 247 00:12:54,980 --> 00:12:59,579 and converted in our own lucky we were 248 00:12:58,078 --> 00:13:01,979 told that he's going to get producer 249 00:12:59,578 --> 00:13:05,599 that he decides to leave as anemic but 250 00:13:01,980 --> 00:13:05,600 he's persecuted for his faith 251 00:13:05,700 --> 00:13:11,040 he was arrested and forced to renounce 252 00:13:07,860 --> 00:13:12,990 his God but he refused and was beheaded 253 00:13:11,039 --> 00:13:16,079 becoming a martyr 254 00:13:12,990 --> 00:13:16,080 [Music] 255 00:13:18,839 --> 00:13:23,600 story of longinus has been told 256 00:13:20,820 --> 00:13:27,839 throughout the ages 257 00:13:23,600 --> 00:13:30,839 we even canonized him so he's called sin 258 00:13:27,839 --> 00:13:32,279 longinus and in the west the Roman 259 00:13:30,839 --> 00:13:34,920 Catholic Church grants him a very 260 00:13:32,278 --> 00:13:36,600 important status perhaps precisely 261 00:13:34,919 --> 00:13:38,759 because he's a Roman 262 00:13:36,600 --> 00:13:41,100 and we are of course in Rome 263 00:13:38,759 --> 00:13:43,379 in the Vatican in Rome we will not 264 00:13:41,100 --> 00:13:45,120 hesitate to erect a large statue which 265 00:13:43,379 --> 00:13:49,399 will reach an incredible stature in 266 00:13:45,120 --> 00:13:49,399 Christianity especially in the West 267 00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:57,420 and what stronger a symbol of 268 00:13:54,179 --> 00:13:59,719 Christendom than the Vatican in the 17th 269 00:13:57,419 --> 00:14:02,578 century in Saint Peter's Basilica 270 00:13:59,720 --> 00:14:04,620 Bernini created niches displaying huge 271 00:14:02,578 --> 00:14:06,899 statues for the exhibition of holy 272 00:14:04,620 --> 00:14:09,000 relics among which is Saint longinus 273 00:14:06,899 --> 00:14:11,940 spear 274 00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:14,958 here we clearly see the importance that 275 00:14:11,940 --> 00:14:17,760 the church Accords to Saint longinus 276 00:14:14,958 --> 00:14:20,278 the soldier who became Saint longinus 277 00:14:17,759 --> 00:14:22,679 and his Lance are anchored in the 278 00:14:20,278 --> 00:14:25,139 history of the Christian religion from 279 00:14:22,679 --> 00:14:28,138 the gospels to the present day 280 00:14:25,139 --> 00:14:30,000 Jesus made sacred the object longinus 281 00:14:28,139 --> 00:14:31,500 held in his hands on the day of the 282 00:14:30,000 --> 00:14:34,078 crucifixion 283 00:14:31,500 --> 00:14:36,480 now that we have seen the importance of 284 00:14:34,078 --> 00:14:38,879 Saint longinus and the holy lands in 285 00:14:36,480 --> 00:14:41,959 history let's go in search of this 286 00:14:38,879 --> 00:14:41,958 mysterious Relic 287 00:14:45,049 --> 00:14:48,250 [Music] 288 00:14:51,419 --> 00:14:56,819 [Music] 289 00:14:53,958 --> 00:15:01,399 what has become the Spear of the 290 00:14:56,820 --> 00:15:01,399 illustrious logic where is it today 291 00:15:01,679 --> 00:15:05,659 our Quest brings us to Austria 292 00:15:06,899 --> 00:15:10,559 to where the holy lands is believed to 293 00:15:08,698 --> 00:15:14,278 be 294 00:15:10,559 --> 00:15:18,259 museum of art history in Vienna 295 00:15:14,278 --> 00:15:18,259 we meet the person who watches over 296 00:15:22,940 --> 00:15:29,579 this is the holy lands of Vienna 297 00:15:26,480 --> 00:15:32,539 it is part of the Imperial jewels of the 298 00:15:29,578 --> 00:15:32,539 Holy Roman Empire 299 00:15:34,278 --> 00:15:40,320 the Lance which is here in Vienna has 300 00:15:37,740 --> 00:15:43,220 been revered for centuries as a very 301 00:15:40,320 --> 00:15:43,220 important relics 302 00:15:44,778 --> 00:15:49,039 that struck the body of Christ 303 00:15:49,100 --> 00:15:54,959 this is confirmed on the gold sleeve 304 00:15:52,440 --> 00:15:58,440 here on the spear which Bears the 305 00:15:54,958 --> 00:16:00,139 inscription Lancia dominate it is the 306 00:15:58,440 --> 00:16:01,880 Lance of Christ 307 00:16:00,139 --> 00:16:04,919 [Music] 308 00:16:01,879 --> 00:16:07,309 the spear has traveled an incredibly 309 00:16:04,919 --> 00:16:10,458 long way to reach us 310 00:16:07,309 --> 00:16:14,219 [Music] 311 00:16:10,458 --> 00:16:16,859 in 1946 The Holy Lance was returned to 312 00:16:14,220 --> 00:16:19,680 the austrians by the monument men 313 00:16:16,860 --> 00:16:22,440 the monument men were 350 committed 314 00:16:19,679 --> 00:16:26,059 Americans curators and historians 315 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:29,110 dedicated to the safeguarding of Art 316 00:16:26,059 --> 00:16:29,109 [Music] 317 00:16:29,698 --> 00:16:35,159 they discovered Imperial jewels in 318 00:16:32,159 --> 00:16:37,620 August 1945 in a maze of underground 319 00:16:35,159 --> 00:16:40,939 galleries north of Nuremberg hidden 320 00:16:37,620 --> 00:16:40,940 there by Adolf Hitler 321 00:16:41,480 --> 00:16:47,159 for three days after the onslus the 322 00:16:44,458 --> 00:16:50,219 annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany on 323 00:16:47,159 --> 00:16:52,860 March 12 1938 Hitler had brought back 324 00:16:50,220 --> 00:16:54,899 this treasure from Vienna 325 00:16:52,860 --> 00:16:57,360 at the beginning of the 19th century 326 00:16:54,899 --> 00:16:59,278 would Napoleon Waging War across Europe 327 00:16:57,360 --> 00:17:01,980 and his troops approaching the German 328 00:16:59,278 --> 00:17:04,019 city of Nuremberg the prussians decided 329 00:17:01,980 --> 00:17:06,720 to transfer the holy lands to their 330 00:17:04,019 --> 00:17:08,639 Austrian Neighbors in Vienna that they 331 00:17:06,720 --> 00:17:11,100 still believe in the mystical powers of 332 00:17:08,640 --> 00:17:13,500 the Holy lands or was it simply not 333 00:17:11,099 --> 00:17:15,298 desirable for Bonaparte to possess this 334 00:17:13,500 --> 00:17:17,459 symbol of power 335 00:17:15,298 --> 00:17:18,599 history does not give us the exact 336 00:17:17,459 --> 00:17:21,000 answer 337 00:17:18,599 --> 00:17:23,519 on the other hand we know that a simple 338 00:17:21,000 --> 00:17:24,720 messenger alone brought the spear to 339 00:17:23,519 --> 00:17:26,939 Vienna 340 00:17:24,720 --> 00:17:29,279 after his victories against the Austrian 341 00:17:26,939 --> 00:17:34,640 Empire Napoleon could have brought it 342 00:17:29,279 --> 00:17:34,639 back to Paris but strangely he didn't 343 00:17:37,200 --> 00:17:41,940 if we go back in time to the 13th 344 00:17:39,480 --> 00:17:44,460 century the Vatican designates this 345 00:17:41,940 --> 00:17:46,500 spear as an official relic of the Holy 346 00:17:44,460 --> 00:17:49,019 Roman Empire 347 00:17:46,500 --> 00:17:51,900 the holy lands of Vienna has definitely 348 00:17:49,019 --> 00:17:54,538 belonged to many powerful characters in 349 00:17:51,900 --> 00:17:57,500 ancient texts like the song of Roland in 350 00:17:54,538 --> 00:17:59,940 the 11th century speak about it 351 00:17:57,500 --> 00:18:02,400 Charlemagne by the grace of God has 352 00:17:59,940 --> 00:18:04,980 obtained the tip and has it enshrined in 353 00:18:02,400 --> 00:18:07,080 the golden pommel because of this honor 354 00:18:04,980 --> 00:18:09,679 and Grace the sword received the name 355 00:18:07,079 --> 00:18:09,678 joyful 356 00:18:11,000 --> 00:18:17,400 Legend has it that between the 8th and 357 00:18:14,099 --> 00:18:21,019 9th centuries Charlemagne won 47 battles 358 00:18:17,400 --> 00:18:21,019 thanks to the holy lands 359 00:18:23,519 --> 00:18:27,720 a holy Lance is also believed to have 360 00:18:25,740 --> 00:18:30,599 secured the foundations of the college 361 00:18:27,720 --> 00:18:32,759 and Dynasty because it is said that 362 00:18:30,599 --> 00:18:35,579 Charles Martel had it in his possession 363 00:18:32,759 --> 00:18:38,759 against the Muslims in quachi in the 364 00:18:35,579 --> 00:18:40,439 Years 733. 365 00:18:38,759 --> 00:18:44,519 thank you 366 00:18:40,440 --> 00:18:47,340 previously where was it well the story 367 00:18:44,519 --> 00:18:50,119 of the Holy lands of Vienna ends here in 368 00:18:47,339 --> 00:18:50,119 the 8th century 369 00:18:50,519 --> 00:18:55,139 can we be so sure 370 00:18:52,859 --> 00:18:58,740 it has been studied in the laboratory 371 00:18:55,140 --> 00:19:01,740 dated and appraised by scientists its 372 00:18:58,740 --> 00:19:05,538 Constitution leaves us in no doubt it 373 00:19:01,740 --> 00:19:05,538 does not date from the first century 374 00:19:05,839 --> 00:19:10,459 the goat's Thief found here in the 375 00:19:08,519 --> 00:19:14,339 window and bear in the inscription 376 00:19:10,460 --> 00:19:15,860 Lancia dominate refers to the emperor 377 00:19:14,339 --> 00:19:19,619 Charles IV 378 00:19:15,859 --> 00:19:21,918 and therefore dates from the mid-14th 379 00:19:19,619 --> 00:19:21,918 century 380 00:19:23,119 --> 00:19:28,079 under the gold leaf is another sheet of 381 00:19:26,038 --> 00:19:32,179 precious metal that dates back to the 382 00:19:28,079 --> 00:19:32,178 11th century a sheet of silver 383 00:19:32,640 --> 00:19:37,860 and under the Silver Leaf is a very 384 00:19:35,640 --> 00:19:41,700 traditional spear 385 00:19:37,859 --> 00:19:44,819 s despair is made of iron and was most 386 00:19:41,700 --> 00:19:48,620 likely manufactured in the 8th Century 387 00:19:44,819 --> 00:19:48,619 A.D frugal 388 00:19:49,200 --> 00:19:55,289 in view of the results scientists and 389 00:19:51,960 --> 00:19:56,660 Specialists are in agreement 390 00:19:55,289 --> 00:19:59,819 [Music] 391 00:19:56,660 --> 00:20:01,440 the profile of the spirit itself looks 392 00:19:59,819 --> 00:20:04,379 more like the much later Carl engine 393 00:20:01,440 --> 00:20:06,240 Spears rather than the Roman ones so all 394 00:20:04,380 --> 00:20:08,580 this unfortunately does not coincide 395 00:20:06,240 --> 00:20:10,140 very well with the scenario According to 396 00:20:08,579 --> 00:20:12,678 which this fear is be said to be 397 00:20:10,140 --> 00:20:12,679 authentic 398 00:20:13,819 --> 00:20:19,558 the holy lands of Vienna was forged 399 00:20:16,798 --> 00:20:22,200 around the year 700 then embellished 400 00:20:19,558 --> 00:20:25,440 with silver in the 11th century and gold 401 00:20:22,200 --> 00:20:27,779 in the 14th century however it is not 402 00:20:25,440 --> 00:20:31,279 the lands of Saint longinus the spirit 403 00:20:27,779 --> 00:20:31,279 that pierced Christ's side 404 00:20:31,400 --> 00:20:36,840 thank you 405 00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:40,220 trace the true holy lands our 406 00:20:36,839 --> 00:20:40,220 investigation continues 407 00:20:43,558 --> 00:20:50,178 we return to the land of its origin 408 00:20:47,339 --> 00:20:50,178 Jerusalem 409 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:56,400 a Christian Relic which is imbued with 410 00:20:53,460 --> 00:20:59,100 magical virtues an instrument of power 411 00:20:56,400 --> 00:21:02,820 and greed that was once owned by famous 412 00:20:59,099 --> 00:21:05,339 historical characters and yet the Spear 413 00:21:02,819 --> 00:21:07,019 of the Holy Roman Empire was not the 414 00:21:05,339 --> 00:21:10,079 Spear of Destiny 415 00:21:07,019 --> 00:21:12,139 so if the lands from Vienna is not the 416 00:21:10,079 --> 00:21:15,399 spear which pierced the sight of Christ 417 00:21:12,140 --> 00:21:30,120 where is the true holy lands 418 00:21:15,400 --> 00:21:32,759 [Music] 419 00:21:30,119 --> 00:21:36,418 find the holy lands we head to Jerusalem 420 00:21:32,759 --> 00:21:38,519 to mount Golgotha the place of the skull 421 00:21:36,419 --> 00:21:40,799 this is where Jesus is believed to have 422 00:21:38,519 --> 00:21:42,819 been crucified and where the Spear of 423 00:21:40,798 --> 00:21:48,019 Destiny was used 424 00:21:42,819 --> 00:21:51,298 [Music] 425 00:21:48,019 --> 00:21:53,099 is also the location of Christ's tomb it 426 00:21:51,298 --> 00:21:54,779 is protected by the Church of the Holy 427 00:21:53,099 --> 00:21:56,819 Sepulcher 428 00:21:54,779 --> 00:21:59,220 in the first centuries after Christ's 429 00:21:56,819 --> 00:22:01,759 death golgota became a sacred place of 430 00:21:59,220 --> 00:22:01,759 pilgrimage 431 00:22:03,298 --> 00:22:10,279 already around 170 A.D we find 432 00:22:07,319 --> 00:22:14,038 testimonies of Christian pilgrimages 433 00:22:10,279 --> 00:22:17,220 notably an Asian Bishop melaton of 434 00:22:14,038 --> 00:22:18,379 Sardis from what is now modern day 435 00:22:17,220 --> 00:22:22,380 Turkey 436 00:22:18,380 --> 00:22:26,000 he says he will go to Palestine 437 00:22:22,380 --> 00:22:29,460 to see the place where the sacred events 438 00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:31,919 unfolded but it wasn't until long after 439 00:22:29,460 --> 00:22:34,079 the crucifixion that pilgrims sought out 440 00:22:31,919 --> 00:22:37,340 the places of the passion and Relics 441 00:22:34,079 --> 00:22:40,319 like the holy lands 442 00:22:37,339 --> 00:22:43,439 since the fourth Century we started 443 00:22:40,319 --> 00:22:45,000 looking for holy sites we built churches 444 00:22:43,440 --> 00:22:47,759 on the different places where Christ 445 00:22:45,000 --> 00:22:49,919 saved where he preached The Sermon on 446 00:22:47,759 --> 00:22:52,140 the Mount where he multiplied the loaves 447 00:22:49,919 --> 00:22:56,460 where in Jerusalem he followed the way 448 00:22:52,140 --> 00:22:57,900 of the Cross well Golgotha is it is in 449 00:22:56,460 --> 00:23:00,740 the fourth Century that we began to 450 00:22:57,900 --> 00:23:04,280 formalize Christianity 451 00:23:00,740 --> 00:23:09,440 with Constantine the Holy Land Jerusalem 452 00:23:04,279 --> 00:23:09,440 becomes a place of Christian remembrance 453 00:23:10,919 --> 00:23:15,480 Lane the mother of the Roman Empire 454 00:23:13,079 --> 00:23:17,819 Constantine and great support of 455 00:23:15,480 --> 00:23:20,099 Christianity is said to have organized 456 00:23:17,819 --> 00:23:27,019 the first restoration of the Holy sides 457 00:23:20,099 --> 00:23:27,019 by visiting them between 326 and 328 A.D 458 00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:32,519 and fighting the holy lands and the 459 00:23:30,179 --> 00:23:34,620 other relics of the passion lame 460 00:23:32,519 --> 00:23:37,639 strengthened Jerusalem as a leading 461 00:23:34,619 --> 00:23:37,639 pilgrimage site 462 00:23:38,700 --> 00:23:43,319 foreign 463 00:23:39,839 --> 00:23:45,658 but in 614 A.D the lunch leaves 464 00:23:43,319 --> 00:23:49,619 Jerusalem because like the other relics 465 00:23:45,659 --> 00:23:51,120 of the passion it needed to be protected 466 00:23:49,619 --> 00:23:52,859 we learned that it goes to 467 00:23:51,119 --> 00:23:54,959 Constantinople because Jerusalem is 468 00:23:52,859 --> 00:23:56,639 taken at that time by the Persians the 469 00:23:54,960 --> 00:23:58,319 Persians staked Jerusalem and so 470 00:23:56,640 --> 00:24:00,120 suddenly we need to remove a certain 471 00:23:58,319 --> 00:24:02,460 number of objects including the relics 472 00:24:00,119 --> 00:24:03,959 it was at this moment that the spear 473 00:24:02,460 --> 00:24:05,120 would left Jerusalem and would have gone 474 00:24:03,960 --> 00:24:07,440 to constitute 475 00:24:05,119 --> 00:24:09,779 Constantinople at the time Bears this 476 00:24:07,440 --> 00:24:11,700 name because it is Constantine the 477 00:24:09,779 --> 00:24:14,279 emperor Constantine who converted to 478 00:24:11,700 --> 00:24:16,860 Christianity in the 4th Century so the 479 00:24:14,279 --> 00:24:18,658 city of Constantinople was at the time a 480 00:24:16,859 --> 00:24:21,779 sort of world capital of Christianity 481 00:24:18,659 --> 00:24:24,140 that's where the spear stays for several 482 00:24:21,779 --> 00:24:24,139 centuries 483 00:24:24,980 --> 00:24:29,940 the holy lands is brought to 484 00:24:27,179 --> 00:24:34,220 Constantinople known today as Istanbul 485 00:24:29,940 --> 00:24:34,220 where it will stay for 600 years 486 00:24:38,419 --> 00:24:44,940 in 1204 the Crusaders besieged and 487 00:24:42,599 --> 00:24:47,038 ransacked Constantinople 488 00:24:44,940 --> 00:24:50,058 miraculously the land seems to have 489 00:24:47,038 --> 00:24:50,058 escaped their clutches 490 00:24:50,400 --> 00:24:56,759 a few years later in 1241 Louis IX who 491 00:24:54,659 --> 00:24:58,260 is better known as Saint Louis takes the 492 00:24:56,759 --> 00:25:01,200 holy lands from the Emperor of 493 00:24:58,259 --> 00:25:02,279 Constantinople Boudoir II and brought it 494 00:25:01,200 --> 00:25:04,860 to Paris 495 00:25:02,279 --> 00:25:05,940 yes the holy mat was brought back to 496 00:25:04,859 --> 00:25:09,119 Paris 497 00:25:05,940 --> 00:25:11,600 but why would Buddha II let go of such a 498 00:25:09,119 --> 00:25:11,599 treasure 499 00:25:13,099 --> 00:25:18,480 he Parts with it because he is stuck in 500 00:25:15,960 --> 00:25:21,298 Wars he cannot get out of he simply 501 00:25:18,480 --> 00:25:23,940 needs to raise new armies and he needs 502 00:25:21,298 --> 00:25:27,058 money he will speak to Saint Louis and 503 00:25:23,940 --> 00:25:30,080 tell him to go buy them and keep them in 504 00:25:27,058 --> 00:25:30,079 a deserving place 505 00:25:30,440 --> 00:25:37,278 as for Saint Louis what was his interest 506 00:25:33,599 --> 00:25:37,278 in acquiring these relics 507 00:25:37,700 --> 00:25:43,860 Louis was interested in these relics for 508 00:25:40,619 --> 00:25:45,719 several reasons indeed this fact must be 509 00:25:43,859 --> 00:25:48,119 placed in the context of the Middle Ages 510 00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:50,819 where the relics of Christ's passion are 511 00:25:48,119 --> 00:25:53,099 unheard of that is what gives them the 512 00:25:50,819 --> 00:25:55,379 most value but the spiritual value is 513 00:25:53,099 --> 00:25:57,480 even more important for Saint Louis who 514 00:25:55,380 --> 00:26:00,240 wants to establish France's position in 515 00:25:57,480 --> 00:26:02,278 Western Christian Europe France has 516 00:26:00,240 --> 00:26:04,440 arrived at an important point in its 517 00:26:02,278 --> 00:26:06,960 development with two hundred thousand 518 00:26:04,440 --> 00:26:09,360 inhabitants Paris is one of the most 519 00:26:06,960 --> 00:26:11,100 populated cities in Europe there is in 520 00:26:09,359 --> 00:26:13,079 University there is an important 521 00:26:11,099 --> 00:26:16,519 economic Center but there is still 522 00:26:13,079 --> 00:26:16,519 something missing in Paris 523 00:26:16,740 --> 00:26:22,558 St Louis had one ambition to give Paris 524 00:26:20,159 --> 00:26:25,220 spiritual Grandeur an indisputable 525 00:26:22,558 --> 00:26:25,220 recognition 526 00:26:25,460 --> 00:26:32,579 Saint Louis buys the relics from bodwan 527 00:26:28,558 --> 00:26:36,178 II he buys them in two lots initially in 528 00:26:32,579 --> 00:26:38,699 1239 he will buy the crown of thorns and 529 00:26:36,179 --> 00:26:41,940 then two years later he buys a fairly 530 00:26:38,700 --> 00:26:44,880 considerable set of relics 531 00:26:41,940 --> 00:26:47,640 in the second lot we find the wood of 532 00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:50,700 the Holy Cross a nail of the crucifixion 533 00:26:47,640 --> 00:26:52,440 and the holy lands 534 00:26:50,700 --> 00:26:55,440 larive 535 00:26:52,440 --> 00:26:58,259 the arrival of the relics the great 536 00:26:55,440 --> 00:27:00,720 relics in Paris this rather astonishing 537 00:26:58,259 --> 00:27:03,419 set that was bought by Louis the 9th 538 00:27:00,720 --> 00:27:07,200 from Baldwin II and that Buddha II 539 00:27:03,419 --> 00:27:09,360 certifies in a charter in 12047 is 540 00:27:07,200 --> 00:27:11,700 absolutely extraordinary and really 541 00:27:09,359 --> 00:27:14,538 turns Paris into the Western city with 542 00:27:11,700 --> 00:27:14,538 the most relics 543 00:27:17,179 --> 00:27:22,380 which was the foremost holder of relics 544 00:27:19,919 --> 00:27:25,580 before this transfer takes place is 545 00:27:22,380 --> 00:27:25,580 completely overtaken 546 00:27:26,220 --> 00:27:32,640 but this Prestige this New Aura for 547 00:27:29,099 --> 00:27:33,859 France comes at an exorbitant price 548 00:27:32,640 --> 00:27:37,799 thank you 549 00:27:33,859 --> 00:27:40,199 he spends 135 000 pounds to acquire 550 00:27:37,798 --> 00:27:42,619 these relics which is half of the state 551 00:27:40,200 --> 00:27:42,620 budget 552 00:27:42,798 --> 00:27:47,700 above all what is important is that this 553 00:27:46,019 --> 00:27:51,859 amount is higher than the construction 554 00:27:47,700 --> 00:27:51,860 costs of the Sanchez 555 00:27:52,859 --> 00:27:59,038 San Chapel cost 40 000 pounds that's 556 00:27:56,220 --> 00:28:03,019 three times less than the 135 000 pounds 557 00:27:59,038 --> 00:28:03,019 spent on the relics it houses 558 00:28:05,240 --> 00:28:10,200 so it is a very considerable sum and I 559 00:28:08,519 --> 00:28:12,900 believe that one can measure through 560 00:28:10,200 --> 00:28:15,240 this sum the value of the relics to the 561 00:28:12,900 --> 00:28:17,640 man in the Middle Ages 562 00:28:15,240 --> 00:28:19,980 so what did the holy lands really look 563 00:28:17,640 --> 00:28:21,659 like when it arrived in Paris we 564 00:28:19,980 --> 00:28:26,720 searched for evidence in ancient 565 00:28:21,659 --> 00:28:26,720 archives incredibly we found it 566 00:28:28,640 --> 00:28:34,740 among the israelics of the San Chapel 567 00:28:31,200 --> 00:28:37,679 there was the Holy lands the holy lands 568 00:28:34,740 --> 00:28:39,778 or more precisely a fragment of it A 569 00:28:37,679 --> 00:28:41,880 Relic is never the whole item it's a 570 00:28:39,778 --> 00:28:43,798 small part it's not an object that was 571 00:28:41,880 --> 00:28:46,020 spectacular in itself 572 00:28:43,798 --> 00:28:47,839 so it was necessary to make it 573 00:28:46,019 --> 00:28:50,579 spectacular 574 00:28:47,839 --> 00:28:51,759 that's why this small fragment was 575 00:28:50,579 --> 00:28:53,579 installed in a cross 576 00:28:51,759 --> 00:28:55,798 [Music] 577 00:28:53,579 --> 00:28:58,859 a fragment was too small to be displayed 578 00:28:55,798 --> 00:29:00,900 as it was so it was enshrined in the 579 00:28:58,859 --> 00:29:02,939 center of this cross 580 00:29:00,900 --> 00:29:05,038 this cross was then placed in a great 581 00:29:02,940 --> 00:29:08,400 reliquary with many of Saint Louis's 582 00:29:05,038 --> 00:29:10,679 other Acquisitions it was then set at 583 00:29:08,400 --> 00:29:13,460 the very top of this platform dominating 584 00:29:10,679 --> 00:29:13,460 the faithful 585 00:29:14,058 --> 00:29:19,019 the holy Chapel was really built to 586 00:29:16,859 --> 00:29:22,579 house these relics and then it kept them 587 00:29:19,019 --> 00:29:22,579 for an extremely long time 588 00:29:23,058 --> 00:29:28,038 so the sacred Lance has been preserved 589 00:29:25,980 --> 00:29:31,620 here for a long time 590 00:29:28,038 --> 00:29:34,500 550 years punctuated by great ceremonies 591 00:29:31,619 --> 00:29:36,778 the kings of course attend and also 592 00:29:34,500 --> 00:29:39,000 celebrate extraordinary occasions for 593 00:29:36,778 --> 00:29:41,009 special characters in order to make them 594 00:29:39,000 --> 00:29:44,220 enjoy the virtues of the relics 595 00:29:41,009 --> 00:29:46,200 [Music] 596 00:29:44,220 --> 00:29:48,839 men's stayed in Paris until French 597 00:29:46,200 --> 00:29:50,538 Revolution where it was taken with other 598 00:29:48,839 --> 00:29:52,859 relics to the National Library 599 00:29:50,538 --> 00:29:55,700 unfortunately during this period it was 600 00:29:52,859 --> 00:29:58,558 lost without the trace 601 00:29:55,700 --> 00:30:00,778 we also lose all trace of the lands of 602 00:29:58,558 --> 00:30:02,819 Jerusalem 603 00:30:00,778 --> 00:30:04,919 a Vienna Alliance that turns out to be 604 00:30:02,819 --> 00:30:07,139 old but not old enough to be from the 605 00:30:04,919 --> 00:30:09,419 crucifixion of Christ a spear of 606 00:30:07,140 --> 00:30:11,580 Jerusalem that vanishes in the chaos of 607 00:30:09,419 --> 00:30:14,399 the French Revolution 608 00:30:11,579 --> 00:30:17,418 but where is the holy lands now do we 609 00:30:14,398 --> 00:30:17,418 have any other leads 610 00:30:18,029 --> 00:30:24,779 [Music] 611 00:30:26,058 --> 00:30:31,440 the Spear of Destiny is no longer in 612 00:30:28,859 --> 00:30:33,538 Jerusalem has disappeared from Paris and 613 00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:35,820 the Spear of Vienna does not date from 614 00:30:33,538 --> 00:30:37,980 the first century we still have some 615 00:30:35,819 --> 00:30:39,839 ways of finding the holy lands which is 616 00:30:37,980 --> 00:30:42,460 said to have pierced the flank of Jesus 617 00:30:39,839 --> 00:30:45,418 Christ because we know several others 618 00:30:42,460 --> 00:30:47,960 [Music] 619 00:30:45,419 --> 00:30:51,840 ones in Krakow Poland 620 00:30:47,960 --> 00:30:54,200 and Armenia and even lances in Izmir and 621 00:30:51,839 --> 00:30:57,240 ancho in Turkey 622 00:30:54,200 --> 00:30:59,640 if we inquire we realize that there are 623 00:30:57,240 --> 00:31:01,859 Spears in Armenia and in Poland it seems 624 00:30:59,640 --> 00:31:05,059 that everyone everywhere wants to stake 625 00:31:01,859 --> 00:31:07,798 a claim saying I own the spear 626 00:31:05,058 --> 00:31:09,359 even today there are several places in 627 00:31:07,798 --> 00:31:11,599 the world in which Holy Spirit are 628 00:31:09,359 --> 00:31:14,579 preserved 629 00:31:11,599 --> 00:31:17,898 they are numerous but among the most 630 00:31:14,579 --> 00:31:20,579 notable is a spear in Krakow Poland 631 00:31:17,898 --> 00:31:23,158 it can be found in the treasure room of 632 00:31:20,579 --> 00:31:25,798 the vaval cathedral a symbol of Polish 633 00:31:23,159 --> 00:31:26,310 royal power but it dates from the 10th 634 00:31:25,798 --> 00:31:29,599 Century 635 00:31:26,309 --> 00:31:33,119 [Music] 636 00:31:29,599 --> 00:31:35,278 indeed the Holy Spirit kept in Krakow is 637 00:31:33,119 --> 00:31:38,879 definitely only a replica of the Lance 638 00:31:35,278 --> 00:31:38,880 of Vienna Davina 639 00:31:39,179 --> 00:31:43,798 in Armenia the holy lands of edgemian is 640 00:31:42,359 --> 00:31:45,719 still displayed in this country's 641 00:31:43,798 --> 00:31:48,960 religious capital in a wing of the 642 00:31:45,720 --> 00:31:51,179 cathedral it has never been a weapon but 643 00:31:48,960 --> 00:31:53,519 it is rather the tip of an enzyme from 644 00:31:51,179 --> 00:31:57,679 the Byzantine period in the form of a 645 00:31:53,519 --> 00:31:57,679 perforated rhombus of a great cross 646 00:31:58,579 --> 00:32:04,759 as for that 647 00:32:00,980 --> 00:32:08,278 in Armenia we can also exclude it 648 00:32:04,759 --> 00:32:10,500 because the shape of this Relic is very 649 00:32:08,278 --> 00:32:13,740 different from that of the Roman arms 650 00:32:10,500 --> 00:32:16,339 and Spears of the Roman soldiers at the 651 00:32:13,740 --> 00:32:16,339 time of Christ 652 00:32:17,480 --> 00:32:22,740 in Turkey two other so-called holy 653 00:32:20,640 --> 00:32:25,500 Spears are enthroned in the anchov and 654 00:32:22,740 --> 00:32:27,839 Izmir but no historian today supports 655 00:32:25,500 --> 00:32:31,339 the hypothesis that it may be the spear 656 00:32:27,839 --> 00:32:31,339 from the crucifixion of Christ 657 00:32:31,859 --> 00:32:37,199 if none of these is the true Spear of 658 00:32:34,619 --> 00:32:39,379 Destiny where do all these Spears come 659 00:32:37,200 --> 00:32:39,380 from 660 00:32:42,980 --> 00:32:48,778 these are not Roman Spears I think I can 661 00:32:46,619 --> 00:32:51,298 even go as far to say that they are not 662 00:32:48,778 --> 00:32:53,519 real Spears at all they are ceremonial 663 00:32:51,298 --> 00:32:55,798 objects that were made by people who had 664 00:32:53,519 --> 00:32:59,538 no intention whatsoever of producing 665 00:32:55,798 --> 00:32:59,538 weapons that can be used in combat 666 00:33:00,679 --> 00:33:06,310 State objects but do we know what the 667 00:33:03,898 --> 00:33:08,058 real Spear of Destiny looks like 668 00:33:06,309 --> 00:33:10,519 [Music] 669 00:33:08,058 --> 00:33:13,918 we see 670 00:33:10,519 --> 00:33:15,960 here in this reproduction we see a 671 00:33:13,919 --> 00:33:18,360 Horseman holding a spear which is 672 00:33:15,960 --> 00:33:20,038 probably the weapon that longitus the 673 00:33:18,359 --> 00:33:23,298 soldier who was at the foot of Christ's 674 00:33:20,038 --> 00:33:23,298 cross probably has 675 00:33:24,259 --> 00:33:29,220 it is an extremely simple weapon which 676 00:33:27,119 --> 00:33:31,739 has a long wooden handle with a very 677 00:33:29,220 --> 00:33:33,659 thin iron tip intended to thrust as 678 00:33:31,740 --> 00:33:36,019 deeply as possible into the body of an 679 00:33:33,659 --> 00:33:36,019 enemies 680 00:33:37,819 --> 00:33:44,359 as this document shows we see a Horseman 681 00:33:41,159 --> 00:33:47,159 who uses it as a throwing weapon 682 00:33:44,359 --> 00:33:49,619 however it was also used indeed more 683 00:33:47,159 --> 00:33:52,140 frequently by foot soldiers held by hand 684 00:33:49,619 --> 00:33:54,500 or with both hands to stab the enemy and 685 00:33:52,140 --> 00:33:54,500 kill him 686 00:33:58,099 --> 00:34:03,418 in conclusion 687 00:34:00,240 --> 00:34:05,159 the lances of Armenia turkey or Poland 688 00:34:03,419 --> 00:34:10,099 aren't genuine 689 00:34:05,159 --> 00:34:10,099 the real holy lands is not among them 690 00:34:11,090 --> 00:34:14,749 [Music] 691 00:34:14,820 --> 00:34:21,679 disperfusion of Spears is amazing to say 692 00:34:17,639 --> 00:34:24,358 the least how can we explain it 693 00:34:21,679 --> 00:34:26,269 the answer lies in how the relics were 694 00:34:24,358 --> 00:34:28,338 moved 695 00:34:26,269 --> 00:34:31,259 [Music] 696 00:34:28,338 --> 00:34:33,418 the great relics of the passion have 697 00:34:31,260 --> 00:34:36,419 moved from Jerusalem to Constantinople 698 00:34:33,418 --> 00:34:38,398 and then the Crusades encouraged and 699 00:34:36,418 --> 00:34:40,638 even developed this transfer to further 700 00:34:38,398 --> 00:34:40,638 west 701 00:34:41,838 --> 00:34:48,358 after 2004 and the terrible ransacking 702 00:34:45,539 --> 00:34:51,429 of Constantinople we start seeing many 703 00:34:48,358 --> 00:34:53,819 things moving to the westino 704 00:34:51,429 --> 00:34:55,980 [Music] 705 00:34:53,820 --> 00:34:58,140 as the relics are of increasing 706 00:34:55,980 --> 00:35:00,420 importance in the religious world and 707 00:34:58,139 --> 00:35:03,539 among Believers everyone wants to 708 00:35:00,420 --> 00:35:06,119 possess or worship A Relic 709 00:35:03,539 --> 00:35:08,400 so they are fragmented 710 00:35:06,119 --> 00:35:11,338 everyone wanted a relic so we 711 00:35:08,400 --> 00:35:13,380 dismembered the holy bodies pieces of 712 00:35:11,338 --> 00:35:15,179 the wood of the Cross there are several 713 00:35:13,380 --> 00:35:17,338 of them pieces of different materials 714 00:35:15,179 --> 00:35:19,460 which make up the relics there can also 715 00:35:17,338 --> 00:35:22,440 be several of these 716 00:35:19,460 --> 00:35:25,019 so there are fewer space than pieces of 717 00:35:22,440 --> 00:35:27,599 the Cross of Christ or pieces of shins 718 00:35:25,019 --> 00:35:29,759 so we obviously have a lot fewer relics 719 00:35:27,599 --> 00:35:32,099 from that point of view I do not think 720 00:35:29,760 --> 00:35:34,380 it's the real problem when we refer to 721 00:35:32,099 --> 00:35:37,200 the multiplicity of Spears I think 722 00:35:34,380 --> 00:35:38,940 moreover that is due to the fact that in 723 00:35:37,199 --> 00:35:42,480 different places of Christianity in the 724 00:35:38,940 --> 00:35:46,280 east in the west one feels the need at a 725 00:35:42,480 --> 00:35:46,280 given moment to have strong relics 726 00:35:46,469 --> 00:35:50,759 [Music] 727 00:35:47,960 --> 00:35:53,159 but we must also ask ourselves the 728 00:35:50,760 --> 00:35:57,619 following question why did the faithful 729 00:35:53,159 --> 00:35:57,618 want to own a relic like the holy lands 730 00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:05,400 its own right and gives its possessor an 731 00:36:02,039 --> 00:36:07,559 aura at first and an important spiritual 732 00:36:05,400 --> 00:36:10,200 and temporal power 733 00:36:07,559 --> 00:36:12,539 I think that's actually what is 734 00:36:10,199 --> 00:36:16,098 sometimes a bit difficult for our 21st 735 00:36:12,539 --> 00:36:16,099 century world to understand 736 00:36:19,639 --> 00:36:24,480 the need for relics was such that it was 737 00:36:22,858 --> 00:36:27,179 impossible to cope with the growing 738 00:36:24,480 --> 00:36:30,019 demand so people had to find ways of 739 00:36:27,179 --> 00:36:30,019 multiplying them 740 00:36:31,940 --> 00:36:36,780 since we did not have enough relics in 741 00:36:34,619 --> 00:36:39,059 the end we had to create them for 742 00:36:36,780 --> 00:36:41,460 instance placing a small rag a small 743 00:36:39,059 --> 00:36:44,219 piece of material on the end of a stick 744 00:36:41,460 --> 00:36:46,559 a rod which one touches Against The 745 00:36:44,219 --> 00:36:50,899 Relic and in turn becomes a contact 746 00:36:46,559 --> 00:36:53,639 Relic which we can put in a really query 747 00:36:50,900 --> 00:36:57,320 a contact Relic has pretty much the same 748 00:36:53,639 --> 00:36:57,319 meaning as an authentic Relic 749 00:36:58,400 --> 00:37:04,280 in the Middle Ages mentalities were very 750 00:37:02,099 --> 00:37:07,800 different from those of today 751 00:37:04,280 --> 00:37:11,160 it was possible to convey the power and 752 00:37:07,800 --> 00:37:14,760 the meaning of a relic an object became 753 00:37:11,159 --> 00:37:16,639 holy merely by coming into contact with 754 00:37:14,760 --> 00:37:19,320 a real Relic 755 00:37:16,639 --> 00:37:22,618 because it was possible to transmit the 756 00:37:19,320 --> 00:37:25,800 this power our holy lamps of Vienna 757 00:37:22,619 --> 00:37:28,160 alone would have allowed the creation of 758 00:37:25,800 --> 00:37:32,000 15 other lances 759 00:37:28,159 --> 00:37:35,519 at the time this was not a problem 760 00:37:32,000 --> 00:37:38,400 once the contact had been made all these 761 00:37:35,519 --> 00:37:39,699 lances were considered in turn to be 762 00:37:38,400 --> 00:37:43,440 authentic 763 00:37:39,699 --> 00:37:46,019 [Music] 764 00:37:43,440 --> 00:37:49,559 tense period for trading relics was the 765 00:37:46,019 --> 00:37:51,599 Middle Ages during this period theft was 766 00:37:49,559 --> 00:37:54,358 not uncommon 767 00:37:51,599 --> 00:37:57,300 the relics are the subject not only of a 768 00:37:54,358 --> 00:37:59,460 trade but even a theft and this thieving 769 00:37:57,300 --> 00:38:01,200 was allowed because it was the proper 770 00:37:59,460 --> 00:38:03,838 thing to do 771 00:38:01,199 --> 00:38:06,539 the theft of relics was no problem on 772 00:38:03,838 --> 00:38:08,820 the contrary an object stolen from an 773 00:38:06,539 --> 00:38:12,440 official Place such as a church somehow 774 00:38:08,820 --> 00:38:12,440 certified its authenticity 775 00:38:12,539 --> 00:38:17,400 but there was a fine line between theft 776 00:38:14,760 --> 00:38:19,510 and trafficking fakes a line which at 777 00:38:17,400 --> 00:38:21,260 the time was blatantly crossed 778 00:38:19,510 --> 00:38:23,820 [Music] 779 00:38:21,260 --> 00:38:26,280 everyone knows quite well that we have 780 00:38:23,820 --> 00:38:28,320 four little fingers of one Saint five 781 00:38:26,280 --> 00:38:31,880 skulls of another so there are a number 782 00:38:28,320 --> 00:38:31,880 of these relics that are obviously 783 00:38:33,858 --> 00:38:38,940 we talked about the problem of really 784 00:38:36,358 --> 00:38:40,559 trafficking saying nonetheless that at 785 00:38:38,940 --> 00:38:43,079 one time there were a lot of relics 786 00:38:40,559 --> 00:38:45,838 circulating so we trade them we sell 787 00:38:43,079 --> 00:38:48,000 them and we can also ask ourselves if 788 00:38:45,838 --> 00:38:50,838 the lens was not a victim of this trade 789 00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:50,838 victim 790 00:38:51,800 --> 00:38:57,119 of course the traffic was motivated by 791 00:38:54,719 --> 00:38:59,578 the power conferred by the relics their 792 00:38:57,119 --> 00:39:03,559 spiritual power but the market value of 793 00:38:59,579 --> 00:39:03,560 the object cannot be excluded 794 00:39:05,059 --> 00:39:10,980 one of the reasons we kept all this was 795 00:39:07,858 --> 00:39:14,759 the quality of reliquary work all these 796 00:39:10,980 --> 00:39:17,059 relics were in early queries the Israeli 797 00:39:14,760 --> 00:39:20,579 queries were made of precious materials 798 00:39:17,059 --> 00:39:24,489 precious stones precious metals a 799 00:39:20,579 --> 00:39:26,099 treasure it was also a cash Reserve 800 00:39:24,489 --> 00:39:28,139 [Music] 801 00:39:26,099 --> 00:39:31,320 and a relic placed in a public place 802 00:39:28,139 --> 00:39:33,019 generated regular income 803 00:39:31,320 --> 00:39:37,680 yeah 804 00:39:33,019 --> 00:39:40,739 there are purely material reasons indeed 805 00:39:37,679 --> 00:39:42,139 when you have relics you have a place of 806 00:39:40,739 --> 00:39:45,719 pilgrimage 807 00:39:42,139 --> 00:39:47,159 that is to say you attract people people 808 00:39:45,719 --> 00:39:50,719 who come 809 00:39:47,159 --> 00:39:50,719 people who spend money 810 00:39:51,059 --> 00:39:55,799 but what did the church say 811 00:39:53,639 --> 00:39:58,559 it seems that all this was happening 812 00:39:55,800 --> 00:40:01,019 literally with its blessing 813 00:39:58,559 --> 00:40:03,960 but some people did try to stop these 814 00:40:01,019 --> 00:40:06,059 practices around the 4th Century Saint 815 00:40:03,960 --> 00:40:08,880 Augustine was reproaching this trade 816 00:40:06,059 --> 00:40:12,259 with vagrant monks and the debates were 817 00:40:08,880 --> 00:40:12,260 Lively in the Middle Ages 818 00:40:13,940 --> 00:40:18,320 this was the subject of much debate 819 00:40:16,619 --> 00:40:22,200 especially 820 00:40:18,320 --> 00:40:24,119 in the 12th century the debate was 821 00:40:22,199 --> 00:40:27,000 centered on the fact that we had to be 822 00:40:24,119 --> 00:40:28,920 sure of the reality the veracity of 823 00:40:27,000 --> 00:40:31,199 these relics 824 00:40:28,920 --> 00:40:33,599 Vienna lands in the 8th century was 825 00:40:31,199 --> 00:40:35,279 named the lands of Saint Maurice by the 826 00:40:33,599 --> 00:40:37,260 first Carol engines 827 00:40:35,280 --> 00:40:39,420 Saint Maurice a fighter of The Faith 828 00:40:37,260 --> 00:40:41,700 from the end of a third Century who 829 00:40:39,420 --> 00:40:42,970 would have had in his hands the lands of 830 00:40:41,699 --> 00:40:46,219 Christ 831 00:40:42,969 --> 00:40:48,959 [Music] 832 00:40:46,219 --> 00:40:51,838 among the holy Warriors we have a major 833 00:40:48,960 --> 00:40:53,539 role for all Western kingdoms you will 834 00:40:51,838 --> 00:40:56,519 have San Jose and 835 00:40:53,539 --> 00:40:58,858 the holy lands of samoris was carried 836 00:40:56,519 --> 00:41:01,699 like a standard in front of the 837 00:40:58,858 --> 00:41:01,699 emperor's procession 838 00:41:02,480 --> 00:41:07,699 the people of the Middle Ages allow the 839 00:41:05,579 --> 00:41:11,440 lands of Vienna to change its name 840 00:41:07,699 --> 00:41:11,439 [Music] 841 00:41:12,679 --> 00:41:16,980 was for everyone the Lance of Saint 842 00:41:15,838 --> 00:41:20,159 Maurice 843 00:41:16,980 --> 00:41:23,639 but covered with a gold sleeve in the 844 00:41:20,159 --> 00:41:25,699 14th century it was renamed the Lance of 845 00:41:23,639 --> 00:41:28,980 Christ 846 00:41:25,699 --> 00:41:31,379 and people at that time had no Scruples 847 00:41:28,980 --> 00:41:33,780 and did not see where the problem of 848 00:41:31,380 --> 00:41:36,240 turning the Lance of Saint Maurice into 849 00:41:33,780 --> 00:41:39,599 San longines's Lance was 850 00:41:36,239 --> 00:41:42,358 to understand the mind and mentality in 851 00:41:39,599 --> 00:41:46,260 these days we did not question its 852 00:41:42,358 --> 00:41:48,199 authenticity no it was real it was of 853 00:41:46,260 --> 00:41:50,520 course it was yeah sure 854 00:41:48,199 --> 00:41:53,219 the real problem with Central engineers 855 00:41:50,519 --> 00:41:54,679 and Relics in general is not so much 856 00:41:53,219 --> 00:41:57,179 whether they are genuine because 857 00:41:54,679 --> 00:41:59,819 unfortunately quite often today thanks 858 00:41:57,179 --> 00:42:02,279 to Modern scientific methods We Carry 859 00:41:59,820 --> 00:42:03,900 Out tests most of the time we realize 860 00:42:02,280 --> 00:42:05,820 that in most cases they are not 861 00:42:03,900 --> 00:42:08,400 authentic or we cannot prove that they 862 00:42:05,820 --> 00:42:10,820 are so finally we can never use them as 863 00:42:08,400 --> 00:42:10,820 proof 864 00:42:12,480 --> 00:42:16,559 we have understood that thought 865 00:42:14,219 --> 00:42:19,439 processes in the Middle Ages were very 866 00:42:16,559 --> 00:42:21,739 different from Mars today in the 21st 867 00:42:19,440 --> 00:42:24,420 century we see things very differently 868 00:42:21,739 --> 00:42:25,379 but does the Spear of Destiny still 869 00:42:24,420 --> 00:42:27,780 exist 870 00:42:25,380 --> 00:42:30,269 to find out we need to continue our 871 00:42:27,780 --> 00:42:33,400 investigations 872 00:42:30,269 --> 00:42:33,400 [Music] 873 00:42:33,780 --> 00:42:39,180 real or fake relics numerous Spears of 874 00:42:36,659 --> 00:42:42,779 Destiny from Vienna to Krakow via 875 00:42:39,179 --> 00:42:45,139 edgemead Izmir or Antioch all historians 876 00:42:42,780 --> 00:42:45,140 agree 877 00:42:47,280 --> 00:42:51,599 even if these objects are respected and 878 00:42:49,679 --> 00:42:53,819 even worshiped the lands of Saint 879 00:42:51,599 --> 00:42:57,480 longinus the spear that pierced the 880 00:42:53,820 --> 00:42:59,818 sight of Jesus Christ is not among them 881 00:42:57,480 --> 00:43:03,500 but we have one more Lance to examine 882 00:42:59,818 --> 00:43:03,500 the holy lands of Rome 883 00:43:05,300 --> 00:43:20,579 [Music] 884 00:43:18,179 --> 00:43:22,379 we are nearing the end of our journey in 885 00:43:20,579 --> 00:43:25,200 search of the Holy lands 886 00:43:22,380 --> 00:43:28,980 we saw that the lances of ant joke usmir 887 00:43:25,199 --> 00:43:31,919 it's meijin and Krakow were not genuine 888 00:43:28,980 --> 00:43:34,318 we surveyed Jerusalem Vienna and Paris 889 00:43:31,920 --> 00:43:38,460 where its Trace was lost 890 00:43:34,318 --> 00:43:40,318 so we arrive here in Rome 891 00:43:38,460 --> 00:43:43,079 because the holy lands has been here 892 00:43:40,318 --> 00:43:45,230 since the 15th century but how did it 893 00:43:43,079 --> 00:43:47,039 get here 894 00:43:45,230 --> 00:43:49,500 [Music] 895 00:43:47,039 --> 00:43:51,920 relics of the passion leave Jerusalem in 896 00:43:49,500 --> 00:43:54,239 the 7th century 897 00:43:51,920 --> 00:43:55,920 and that would be the time when the 898 00:43:54,239 --> 00:43:58,639 lands left Jerusalem and went to 899 00:43:55,920 --> 00:43:58,639 Constantinople 900 00:43:59,280 --> 00:44:04,260 in the 13th century Saint Louis paid the 901 00:44:02,099 --> 00:44:06,680 Emperor of Constantinople for the holy 902 00:44:04,260 --> 00:44:06,680 lands 903 00:44:09,300 --> 00:44:15,200 for the acquisition of these relics 904 00:44:11,039 --> 00:44:15,199 which is half of the state budget 905 00:44:17,338 --> 00:44:22,259 but surprisingly in the 14th century the 906 00:44:20,519 --> 00:44:26,099 holy lands is still said to be in 907 00:44:22,260 --> 00:44:28,560 Constantinople how is this possible 908 00:44:26,099 --> 00:44:30,780 in the 14th century for example some 909 00:44:28,559 --> 00:44:32,699 observers said I saw the lens both in 910 00:44:30,780 --> 00:44:34,440 Paris in Constantinople so there are 911 00:44:32,699 --> 00:44:35,939 solutions to try to explain the fact 912 00:44:34,440 --> 00:44:38,159 that there are several lenses in 913 00:44:35,940 --> 00:44:40,260 different places one solution was to say 914 00:44:38,159 --> 00:44:42,480 in fact that it's the same spear but 915 00:44:40,260 --> 00:44:44,040 that these are pieces of the spirit I 916 00:44:42,480 --> 00:44:45,960 find it interesting because precisely 917 00:44:44,039 --> 00:44:47,880 the word used in the gospel to designate 918 00:44:45,960 --> 00:44:49,460 the world length is a word that can 919 00:44:47,880 --> 00:44:52,079 simply designate the tip of the spirit 920 00:44:49,460 --> 00:44:54,119 so we can all imagine that we would have 921 00:44:52,079 --> 00:44:56,220 in one particular place a piece of 922 00:44:54,119 --> 00:44:59,880 Despair and in another place a different 923 00:44:56,219 --> 00:45:03,379 piece in fact it's the same spear but 924 00:44:59,880 --> 00:45:06,660 it's just two pieces of the same space 925 00:45:03,380 --> 00:45:09,358 indeed this hypothesis is confirmed by a 926 00:45:06,659 --> 00:45:11,639 number of historians the whole events of 927 00:45:09,358 --> 00:45:13,619 Jerusalem was broken up in the 7th 928 00:45:11,639 --> 00:45:16,400 Century during the siege of the city by 929 00:45:13,619 --> 00:45:16,400 the Persians 930 00:45:17,519 --> 00:45:22,079 the tip of the lens was brought to 931 00:45:19,559 --> 00:45:24,659 constant to Nobu then bought by Saint 932 00:45:22,079 --> 00:45:26,950 Louis in the 13th century only to 933 00:45:24,659 --> 00:45:30,379 disappear during the French Revolution 934 00:45:26,949 --> 00:45:33,118 [Music] 935 00:45:30,380 --> 00:45:35,338 the other part of the Lance also brought 936 00:45:33,119 --> 00:45:38,059 the Constantinople had a very different 937 00:45:35,338 --> 00:45:38,059 destiny 938 00:45:43,219 --> 00:45:49,618 1453 is a pivotal date in the history of 939 00:45:46,679 --> 00:45:52,440 Constantinople the Turks will concur 940 00:45:49,619 --> 00:45:54,740 Constantinople they say their leaks 941 00:45:52,440 --> 00:45:58,200 including the lens 942 00:45:54,739 --> 00:46:02,699 the Sultan of constant Noble dies in 943 00:45:58,199 --> 00:46:05,419 1481 and his two sons bajate and zizim 944 00:46:02,699 --> 00:46:09,419 quarrel over power 945 00:46:05,420 --> 00:46:11,940 prevails over zizim who goes into exile 946 00:46:09,420 --> 00:46:12,960 zizim eventually falls into the hands of 947 00:46:11,940 --> 00:46:16,019 the French 948 00:46:12,960 --> 00:46:18,420 and still today we have found traces in 949 00:46:16,019 --> 00:46:21,300 the crew's region 950 00:46:18,420 --> 00:46:23,700 his day is still materialized by the 951 00:46:21,300 --> 00:46:27,079 presence of the Zim Tower which is 952 00:46:23,699 --> 00:46:27,078 located in bulgenes 953 00:46:28,019 --> 00:46:32,818 the fact that this is held in France is 954 00:46:30,480 --> 00:46:35,780 a rather good deal for his brother said 955 00:46:32,818 --> 00:46:39,300 the master of Constantinople 956 00:46:35,780 --> 00:46:42,359 is quite happy with the deal in this 957 00:46:39,300 --> 00:46:44,400 geopolitics that is established he pays 958 00:46:42,358 --> 00:46:46,799 a pension so that his brother does not 959 00:46:44,400 --> 00:46:49,639 return to intervene in the Ottoman 960 00:46:46,800 --> 00:46:49,640 Empire again 961 00:46:51,440 --> 00:46:56,639 as long as ism is kept away from 962 00:46:54,000 --> 00:46:59,219 constant Noble there is little risk of a 963 00:46:56,639 --> 00:47:01,318 war between the two brothers but an 964 00:46:59,219 --> 00:47:03,239 unforeseen event will change the game 965 00:47:01,318 --> 00:47:06,739 and have a major influence on the 966 00:47:03,239 --> 00:47:09,859 destiny of the Holy lands 967 00:47:06,739 --> 00:47:09,859 [Music] 968 00:47:10,579 --> 00:47:16,800 King Charles VII of France delivers is 969 00:47:13,800 --> 00:47:19,380 in to Pope Innocent the eighth in Rome 970 00:47:16,800 --> 00:47:22,680 's anxious to see his brother kept in 971 00:47:19,380 --> 00:47:24,780 Rome and away from Constantinople so he 972 00:47:22,679 --> 00:47:27,000 offers to pay the Pope a great sum of 973 00:47:24,780 --> 00:47:29,090 money and an even greater highly 974 00:47:27,000 --> 00:47:30,380 symbolic object 975 00:47:29,090 --> 00:47:33,838 [Music] 976 00:47:30,380 --> 00:47:35,460 will transmit the holy lands to innocent 977 00:47:33,838 --> 00:47:37,980 the eighth 978 00:47:35,460 --> 00:47:39,780 so the holy lands changed his hands and 979 00:47:37,980 --> 00:47:44,059 travels to Rome and the Heart of 980 00:47:39,780 --> 00:47:44,060 Christendom the Basilica of Saint Peter 981 00:47:45,838 --> 00:47:50,759 the Basilica will house the four most 982 00:47:48,420 --> 00:47:53,720 important relics of the church in four 983 00:47:50,760 --> 00:47:53,720 huge galleries 984 00:47:54,858 --> 00:48:00,179 these are relics that have a great 985 00:47:57,119 --> 00:48:02,240 history the Veronica with the Statue of 986 00:48:00,179 --> 00:48:04,919 the woman who according to tradition 987 00:48:02,239 --> 00:48:08,239 wiped the face of Jesus on the way to 988 00:48:04,920 --> 00:48:12,000 Calvary and more peace of the True Cross 989 00:48:08,239 --> 00:48:15,379 the head of Saint Andrew and also sent 990 00:48:12,000 --> 00:48:15,380 longinus's lands 991 00:48:15,420 --> 00:48:18,380 longinos 992 00:48:18,780 --> 00:48:24,660 in the 18th century it is said that Pope 993 00:48:21,838 --> 00:48:26,639 Benedict XIV even commented on this 994 00:48:24,659 --> 00:48:29,578 drawing with the two pieces of the Holy 995 00:48:26,639 --> 00:48:31,379 lands that of Paris and that of Rome and 996 00:48:29,579 --> 00:48:34,039 confirmed that they corresponded 997 00:48:31,380 --> 00:48:34,039 perfectly 998 00:48:36,358 --> 00:48:40,199 still had doubts about the importance of 999 00:48:38,460 --> 00:48:42,659 the Holy lands for the Catholic church 1000 00:48:40,199 --> 00:48:45,480 we find still in the heart of the Saint 1001 00:48:42,659 --> 00:48:48,960 Peter's Basilica in Rome this statue of 1002 00:48:45,480 --> 00:48:51,780 Pope Innocent VII and in his hand the 1003 00:48:48,960 --> 00:48:53,940 lands of Destiny as for the fragment of 1004 00:48:51,780 --> 00:48:56,530 the Holy lands of Rome 1005 00:48:53,940 --> 00:48:59,699 where could it be today 1006 00:48:56,530 --> 00:48:59,699 [Music] 1007 00:49:00,139 --> 00:49:06,059 it's kept in Saint Peter's you know they 1008 00:49:04,619 --> 00:49:09,559 haven't moved it 1009 00:49:06,059 --> 00:49:13,759 but there is a difference 1010 00:49:09,559 --> 00:49:16,980 they're not exhibited in ceremonies 1011 00:49:13,760 --> 00:49:19,920 celebrations or even on certain 1012 00:49:16,980 --> 00:49:23,358 occasions on which they were shown to 1013 00:49:19,920 --> 00:49:23,358 the faithful previously 1014 00:49:23,960 --> 00:49:31,460 now we know that they're still there 1015 00:49:27,800 --> 00:49:31,460 we don't show them anymore 1016 00:49:33,000 --> 00:49:37,980 thank you 1017 00:49:35,280 --> 00:49:40,140 the last holy lands could therefore be 1018 00:49:37,980 --> 00:49:44,599 there in the archives of the Vatican 1019 00:49:40,139 --> 00:49:44,598 still temporarily Out Of Reach 1020 00:49:46,800 --> 00:49:52,318 we hope that one day we will be able to 1021 00:49:49,619 --> 00:49:54,119 observe it and finally lift the veil on 1022 00:49:52,318 --> 00:49:56,719 one of the greatest mysteries of 1023 00:49:54,119 --> 00:49:56,720 Christians 1024 00:49:57,989 --> 00:50:15,539 [Music] 1025 00:50:12,079 --> 00:50:17,760 the holy lands an object who Smith grew 1026 00:50:15,539 --> 00:50:20,420 at the same time as the legend of its 1027 00:50:17,760 --> 00:50:23,839 Bearer the Roman soldiers Saint longinus 1028 00:50:20,420 --> 00:50:27,059 canonized and now a Nikon of Christendom 1029 00:50:23,838 --> 00:50:29,219 an object of covetousness an object of 1030 00:50:27,059 --> 00:50:30,838 power and recognition that has gone 1031 00:50:29,219 --> 00:50:33,719 through history 1032 00:50:30,838 --> 00:50:36,539 a spear that like many relics has 1033 00:50:33,719 --> 00:50:39,239 exercised and still exercises real power 1034 00:50:36,539 --> 00:50:41,880 over men 1035 00:50:39,239 --> 00:50:43,858 it is true that the relics supported the 1036 00:50:41,880 --> 00:50:46,099 prayer and the faith of generations of 1037 00:50:43,858 --> 00:50:49,019 believers 1038 00:50:46,099 --> 00:50:51,240 The Relic has the advantage of being 1039 00:50:49,019 --> 00:50:53,818 able to gather together the faithful the 1040 00:50:51,239 --> 00:50:56,039 Believers around the strong identifying 1041 00:50:53,818 --> 00:50:58,259 symbol and so it is obvious that for 1042 00:50:56,039 --> 00:51:00,779 religious and political power it is very 1043 00:50:58,260 --> 00:51:03,059 important to be able to unite Believers 1044 00:51:00,780 --> 00:51:05,880 around an item as a major as a relic 1045 00:51:03,059 --> 00:51:07,500 such as the holy things 1046 00:51:05,880 --> 00:51:09,780 oh 1047 00:51:07,500 --> 00:51:12,260 but what is the truth behind the 1048 00:51:09,780 --> 00:51:15,839 veneration of the relics 1049 00:51:12,260 --> 00:51:20,599 in the hearts of men the relics play the 1050 00:51:15,838 --> 00:51:20,599 mediating role between Mankind and God 1051 00:51:21,739 --> 00:51:26,039 relics are also linked to our own 1052 00:51:24,539 --> 00:51:30,139 history 1053 00:51:26,039 --> 00:51:33,599 he who has no past has no future 1054 00:51:30,139 --> 00:51:35,578 the holy glances we have examined are 1055 00:51:33,599 --> 00:51:36,780 visible symbols of the history of 1056 00:51:35,579 --> 00:51:39,780 humanity 1057 00:51:36,780 --> 00:51:43,040 man often needs tangible signs to gain 1058 00:51:39,780 --> 00:51:43,040 in spirituality 1059 00:51:43,980 --> 00:51:46,280 foreign 74885

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