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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:18,218 --> 00:00:20,886 They are driven...to move. 2 00:00:23,223 --> 00:00:26,325 To move...and to multiply. 3 00:00:27,927 --> 00:00:32,364 Possessed by the insatiable need to breed... 4 00:00:32,399 --> 00:00:36,869 they will journey to brutal African battlefields... 5 00:00:36,903 --> 00:00:40,005 and brawl on South Atlantic shores. 6 00:00:41,674 --> 00:00:46,912 For the sake of their young, they will blacken the skies... 7 00:00:46,946 --> 00:00:50,015 and terrorize rainforest floors. 8 00:00:51,851 --> 00:00:54,686 Right now, the world's wild parents 9 00:00:54,721 --> 00:00:57,356 are on the march... 10 00:00:57,390 --> 00:00:58,991 on the wing... 11 00:01:01,461 --> 00:01:03,862 on the run. 12 00:01:03,897 --> 00:01:07,933 And these are the tales of their sacrifice... 13 00:01:07,967 --> 00:01:11,804 the most moving stories on Earth... 14 00:01:11,838 --> 00:01:15,541 the stories of the great migrations. 15 00:01:44,003 --> 00:01:46,872 Winter in the South Atlantic. 16 00:01:48,341 --> 00:01:50,642 One of the worst places in the world... 17 00:01:50,677 --> 00:01:52,778 to be left behind. 18 00:01:55,548 --> 00:01:59,885 But that is Johnny rook's lot in life. 19 00:01:59,919 --> 00:02:04,923 Here on a desolate archipelago off South America, 20 00:02:04,958 --> 00:02:08,360 this bird of prey clings to life... 21 00:02:10,063 --> 00:02:13,365 waiting for the migrants to return. 22 00:02:37,924 --> 00:02:43,996 Now, the flare of a September dawn announces spring's feeble arrival. 23 00:02:48,268 --> 00:02:52,971 And for Johnny rook, the wait is over... 24 00:02:53,006 --> 00:02:55,240 because some of the world's greatest wanderers 25 00:02:55,275 --> 00:02:57,376 are heading his way. 26 00:03:02,582 --> 00:03:06,852 They've been traveling the globe for months, even years. 27 00:03:08,755 --> 00:03:13,292 Only one thing can bring their wanderings to a halt-- 28 00:03:13,326 --> 00:03:16,795 none of them can give birth at sea. 29 00:03:27,740 --> 00:03:31,710 From around the southern pole, nomads are now converging 30 00:03:31,744 --> 00:03:36,114 on these shards of rock known as the Falklands. 31 00:03:38,918 --> 00:03:41,653 They will give up the lives they know best-- 32 00:03:41,688 --> 00:03:45,791 on wind or waves-- for the sake of their young. 33 00:04:02,609 --> 00:04:06,278 After months of migrating through frigid southern waters, 34 00:04:06,312 --> 00:04:08,847 up to 25 miles a day, 35 00:04:08,881 --> 00:04:13,485 rockhopper penguins torpedo in for a hard landing. 36 00:04:17,590 --> 00:04:22,961 These sleek, hardy birds must abandon the sea to reproduce. 37 00:04:30,637 --> 00:04:33,772 Then there are the true behemoths. 38 00:04:35,508 --> 00:04:40,145 Back from 10 months of hunting off the Antarctic ice sheet, 39 00:04:40,179 --> 00:04:45,183 the massive southern elephant seal humps ashore. 40 00:04:45,218 --> 00:04:48,687 He has to make a stand here where the females are returning-- 41 00:04:48,721 --> 00:04:51,823 or lose his chance to breed. 42 00:04:55,928 --> 00:05:00,532 He is four tons of raw sexual aggression. 43 00:05:10,743 --> 00:05:17,482 For migratory credentials, little can beat the black-browed albatross. 44 00:05:17,517 --> 00:05:21,720 From tip to tip, its wings span eight feet. 45 00:05:27,994 --> 00:05:34,366 This superb glider can soar almost effortlessly 20 hours a day. 46 00:05:42,075 --> 00:05:47,145 [albatrosses chattering] 47 00:05:50,783 --> 00:05:55,487 Waiting in this bustling metropolis of hundreds of thousands of birds, 48 00:05:55,521 --> 00:06:00,325 her mate shores up the nest from last year's breeding. 49 00:06:08,267 --> 00:06:10,602 And after seven lonely months, 50 00:06:10,636 --> 00:06:14,773 and tens of thousands of miles riding the southern sea winds, 51 00:06:14,807 --> 00:06:18,643 they share an ecstatic restating of vows. 52 00:06:25,251 --> 00:06:28,487 Their bond may last 30 years. 53 00:06:34,360 --> 00:06:37,229 [squawking and chattering] 54 00:06:46,839 --> 00:06:51,042 Up and down the shores, nests are being tended to, 55 00:06:51,077 --> 00:06:53,912 bonds renewed... 56 00:06:53,946 --> 00:06:56,481 and eggs laid. 57 00:07:02,655 --> 00:07:07,959 For the next two months, the couple has only one goal: 58 00:07:07,994 --> 00:07:11,029 to keep the egg alive. 59 00:07:32,418 --> 00:07:37,122 But someone else has his eye on the eggs, too. 60 00:07:37,156 --> 00:07:41,993 Johnny rook, otherwise known as the striated caracara, 61 00:07:42,028 --> 00:07:46,498 has waited through a brutal winter for this bounty. 62 00:08:03,583 --> 00:08:08,153 An egg tumbled from a nest is fair game for Johnny rook. 63 00:08:10,389 --> 00:08:14,693 He'll soon have his own clamoring brood to look after. 64 00:08:19,232 --> 00:08:22,634 [albatrosses squawking] 65 00:08:48,027 --> 00:08:50,662 On another stretch of beach, 66 00:08:50,696 --> 00:08:55,033 the shoreline quakes with desperate battles to dominate. 67 00:09:01,641 --> 00:09:04,776 The stakes are unimaginably high. 68 00:09:06,913 --> 00:09:09,514 Only a privileged few elephant seal bulls 69 00:09:09,549 --> 00:09:12,751 will become beachmasters-- 70 00:09:12,785 --> 00:09:15,587 controlling harems of dozens of females-- 71 00:09:15,621 --> 00:09:18,356 and reproducing abundantly. 72 00:09:20,826 --> 00:09:23,862 [low rumbling] 73 00:09:27,867 --> 00:09:32,337 This is no place for a young male to stick his nose in. 74 00:09:40,746 --> 00:09:45,016 [rumbling] 75 00:09:51,958 --> 00:09:56,628 Usually trumpeted warnings make challengers back off... 76 00:09:59,065 --> 00:10:01,166 but not all. 77 00:10:25,057 --> 00:10:29,527 Blood runs freely from slashed noses and necks. 78 00:10:38,204 --> 00:10:42,540 They even fight dirty, going for the eyes. 79 00:11:10,703 --> 00:11:16,908 The loser's breeding chances, for now, are ground into the sand. 80 00:11:20,780 --> 00:11:25,250 [rumbling] 81 00:11:25,284 --> 00:11:30,288 But this beachmaster's triumph is just the beginning of his troubles. 82 00:11:36,062 --> 00:11:40,832 Ahead lie dozens of fights-- and perhaps a hundred matings-- 83 00:11:40,866 --> 00:11:44,202 all for the sake of his bloodline. 84 00:11:59,518 --> 00:12:02,554 The need to pass on one's genetic legacy 85 00:12:02,588 --> 00:12:06,124 is a great motivator of migrations. 86 00:12:09,061 --> 00:12:12,030 Nothing else could drive the nomads of the Falklands 87 00:12:12,064 --> 00:12:14,899 to tolerate life on land. 88 00:12:17,269 --> 00:12:19,571 Nothing else could make migrating mothers 89 00:12:19,605 --> 00:12:22,107 stand up to great predators... 90 00:12:24,877 --> 00:12:26,811 or to drive potential fathers 91 00:12:26,846 --> 00:12:31,483 to travel great distances to deadly battlefields. 92 00:12:40,259 --> 00:12:44,229 Parenting on the move is all about sacrifice. 93 00:13:01,013 --> 00:13:04,182 And in the forests of northeastern Australia 94 00:13:04,216 --> 00:13:10,588 another great journey spurred by parental dedication is about to begin. 95 00:13:21,033 --> 00:13:25,336 On translucent tawny wings, a little red flying fox 96 00:13:25,371 --> 00:13:29,307 flaps homeward after a night of intense foraging. 97 00:13:31,343 --> 00:13:34,813 And she is one of millions. 98 00:13:34,847 --> 00:13:37,749 [bats squeaking] 99 00:14:00,072 --> 00:14:04,709 Somehow, she finds her pup in the din of the camp. 100 00:14:12,084 --> 00:14:15,486 She wraps him in her nursing embrace. 101 00:14:17,590 --> 00:14:22,093 He needs calcium from her milk to build his flimsy bones-- 102 00:14:22,127 --> 00:14:25,730 and he's leaching it away from her own fragile flying machinery 103 00:14:25,764 --> 00:14:28,233 at an alarming rate. 104 00:14:40,179 --> 00:14:45,083 The bats have eaten through the calcium and energy-rich eucalyptus blossoms 105 00:14:45,117 --> 00:14:47,352 for miles around. 106 00:14:48,787 --> 00:14:54,959 The situation is getting desperate-- the need to move intense. 107 00:14:59,665 --> 00:15:02,267 But they can't migrate to greener pastures 108 00:15:02,301 --> 00:15:06,938 until the last of the youngsters has been weaned. 109 00:15:06,972 --> 00:15:11,676 So mother has become stingy and edgy. 110 00:15:21,020 --> 00:15:23,288 Readying for the migration ahead, 111 00:15:23,322 --> 00:15:29,327 she tongues oily secretions over every bit of her flight equipment. 112 00:15:40,039 --> 00:15:46,577 A bat's wings are essentially enormous webbed hands, 113 00:15:46,612 --> 00:15:49,914 elongated finger bones providing the struts 114 00:15:49,949 --> 00:15:54,686 to unfold and manipulate the flight membranes. 115 00:16:03,462 --> 00:16:08,866 As dusk settles, the migration begins. 116 00:16:12,171 --> 00:16:16,474 The little reds, wings spreading three feet tip to tip, 117 00:16:16,508 --> 00:16:20,378 blacken the skies with their departure. 118 00:16:24,783 --> 00:16:27,485 Tonight, they have to travel many miles 119 00:16:27,519 --> 00:16:30,421 with their newly weaned young-- 120 00:16:34,593 --> 00:16:39,464 and inexperience on the wing will prove deadly. 121 00:16:59,685 --> 00:17:02,320 Parenting is risky business. 122 00:17:07,226 --> 00:17:09,961 Migrants around the world will risk everything 123 00:17:09,995 --> 00:17:11,929 for the next generation. 124 00:17:16,835 --> 00:17:20,872 But before you can breed, you must earn the right. 125 00:17:22,808 --> 00:17:27,512 And in Africa, one species readies for battle. 126 00:17:45,531 --> 00:17:51,269 ln the war-wracked country of Sudan lies Boma National Park, 127 00:17:51,303 --> 00:17:55,640 the largest intact savannah in East Africa. 128 00:17:59,278 --> 00:18:04,649 Mile upon mile of what looks like pristine wilderness unfolds-- 129 00:18:07,252 --> 00:18:10,955 but much of this is an empty paradise. 130 00:18:19,498 --> 00:18:23,434 During the Sudan's decades of ruinous civil war, 131 00:18:23,469 --> 00:18:28,372 the park supported rebel armies and untold refugees. 132 00:18:32,845 --> 00:18:36,047 The wildlife was decimated... 133 00:18:36,081 --> 00:18:37,548 and it was long feared 134 00:18:37,583 --> 00:18:40,585 that one of the most spectacular migrations on Earth-- 135 00:18:40,619 --> 00:18:43,821 not seen by outsiders in 20 years-- 136 00:18:43,856 --> 00:18:46,057 had been wiped out. 137 00:18:54,800 --> 00:19:01,105 Then in 2007, aerial surveys began spotting them... 138 00:19:01,140 --> 00:19:04,075 handfuls... 139 00:19:04,109 --> 00:19:07,712 then hundreds of them. 140 00:19:07,746 --> 00:19:13,017 Eventually, estimates reached in the hundreds of thousands. 141 00:19:22,227 --> 00:19:27,365 Miraculously, the white-eared kob had survived. 142 00:19:27,399 --> 00:19:32,136 A magnificent antelope that lives nowhere else on Earth. 143 00:19:36,175 --> 00:19:37,675 The kob have been migrating 144 00:19:37,709 --> 00:19:42,380 in numbers perhaps equal to those in the Serengeti-- 145 00:19:42,414 --> 00:19:44,115 covering hundreds of miles 146 00:19:44,149 --> 00:19:47,051 from their wet season feeding grounds in the south 147 00:19:47,085 --> 00:19:50,388 to their breeding battlegrounds in the north. 148 00:19:53,225 --> 00:19:57,028 And it saved them. 149 00:19:57,062 --> 00:20:01,032 Life on the move kept them a step ahead of the guns 150 00:20:01,066 --> 00:20:03,367 and human hunger. 151 00:20:16,848 --> 00:20:19,817 By November, the blinding equatorial sun 152 00:20:19,851 --> 00:20:24,222 has turned their southern water holes into sucking mud-- 153 00:20:33,065 --> 00:20:36,367 a trap for unwary youngsters. 154 00:20:39,338 --> 00:20:43,808 And so they must move north toward permanent water. 155 00:20:47,346 --> 00:20:49,547 Their pace quickens with the males' need 156 00:20:49,581 --> 00:20:52,617 to reach their ancient battlegrounds. 157 00:20:57,489 --> 00:20:59,490 After months on the move, 158 00:20:59,524 --> 00:21:02,793 they arrive at the northern edge of their migration-- 159 00:21:02,828 --> 00:21:06,297 a network of swamps and rivers-- 160 00:21:06,331 --> 00:21:10,501 where they can unleash their unique breeding spectacle. 161 00:21:14,273 --> 00:21:18,342 This is where the antelopes' leks will form-- 162 00:21:18,377 --> 00:21:22,380 vast fighting arenas, where gladiators duel, 163 00:21:22,414 --> 00:21:26,550 sometimes to the death, for the right to mate. 164 00:21:31,323 --> 00:21:37,061 Their breeding season brief, their hormonal rage intense, 165 00:21:37,095 --> 00:21:40,064 they are about to dispense with ritual-- 166 00:21:40,098 --> 00:21:43,267 and get straight to the bloodletting. 167 00:21:51,977 --> 00:21:55,046 Head-butting males are conspicuous icons 168 00:21:55,080 --> 00:21:57,782 of the need to breed. 169 00:22:02,220 --> 00:22:05,556 But in the hidden world of the Costa Rican rainforest, 170 00:22:05,590 --> 00:22:08,092 it is a seething sisterhood of hunger 171 00:22:08,126 --> 00:22:11,762 that assures the success of the next generation. 172 00:22:14,366 --> 00:22:19,403 And unleashes one of the most feared migrations on Earth. 173 00:22:24,443 --> 00:22:28,245 The army ants are on the move. 174 00:22:41,927 --> 00:22:45,129 The engine of this merciless hunger-- 175 00:22:45,163 --> 00:22:49,967 a brood of 200,000 larvae and their caretakers, 176 00:22:50,001 --> 00:22:54,372 demanding 30,000 corpses a day. 177 00:23:00,278 --> 00:23:04,115 The nursery lies at the heart of a twitching, throbbing structure 178 00:23:04,149 --> 00:23:08,219 built almost entirely of the ants themselves. 179 00:23:09,354 --> 00:23:12,990 Long legs stuck together with tarsal claws, 180 00:23:13,024 --> 00:23:17,261 they are the scaffolding, bricks and mortar of the nest. 181 00:23:24,436 --> 00:23:27,538 But they've been in one place for three weeks, 182 00:23:27,572 --> 00:23:32,143 ravaging the forest floor for miles in all directions. 183 00:23:35,580 --> 00:23:37,982 lt's time to migrate. 184 00:23:49,561 --> 00:23:54,064 ln the darkness, they pour out of the nest, 185 00:23:54,099 --> 00:23:58,569 porters carrying the precious larvae. 186 00:23:58,603 --> 00:24:03,641 They are virtually all sisters, daughters of one queen. 187 00:24:08,413 --> 00:24:12,249 They will migrate about 330 feet each night-- 188 00:24:12,284 --> 00:24:16,620 the equivalent in human terms of a marathon. 189 00:24:21,326 --> 00:24:23,561 Deaf and virtually blind-- 190 00:24:23,595 --> 00:24:26,030 they nonetheless communicate brilliantly 191 00:24:26,064 --> 00:24:30,100 through touch and complicated chemical signals. 192 00:24:34,105 --> 00:24:38,175 And now the message goes out to bivouac. 193 00:24:41,513 --> 00:24:46,784 Almost magically, they form a temporary nest of their own bodies. 194 00:24:50,755 --> 00:24:55,960 The larvae and food are taken into the nursery at its center. 195 00:25:03,735 --> 00:25:07,371 Tomorrow they will do the whole thing again-- 196 00:25:07,405 --> 00:25:12,443 marching for two to three weeks to reach fresh hunting grounds, 197 00:25:12,477 --> 00:25:14,812 where they can set up another raiding base-- 198 00:25:14,846 --> 00:25:18,215 and reach new heights of slaughter. 199 00:25:24,289 --> 00:25:29,560 [birds calling] 200 00:25:42,741 --> 00:25:46,410 On migration central-- the Falkland lslands-- 201 00:25:46,444 --> 00:25:49,880 the multitudes are busy multiplying. 202 00:25:55,754 --> 00:25:59,356 Female elephant seals barely escape the males' attentions 203 00:25:59,391 --> 00:26:04,895 long enough to give birth to pups conceived here last year. 204 00:26:12,170 --> 00:26:15,372 ln the brief three weeks the pup has with his mother, 205 00:26:15,407 --> 00:26:17,975 his body weight will triple... 206 00:26:20,011 --> 00:26:23,380 as hers shrinks by a third. 207 00:26:36,061 --> 00:26:38,262 The bull moves in soon after the birth 208 00:26:38,296 --> 00:26:41,465 to impregnate her again. 209 00:26:44,102 --> 00:26:46,337 Each beachmaster on these shores 210 00:26:46,371 --> 00:26:49,139 may have dozens of females in his harem-- 211 00:26:49,174 --> 00:26:53,811 and 100 matings to complete-- in less than a month. 212 00:26:56,748 --> 00:27:02,052 All the while having to fight off more and more challengers. 213 00:27:07,158 --> 00:27:10,260 Unable to leave his harem to feed at sea, 214 00:27:10,295 --> 00:27:14,031 he's losing 50 pounds of blubber a day. 215 00:27:20,538 --> 00:27:22,306 [rumbling] 216 00:27:25,577 --> 00:27:29,013 [albatrosses chattering] 217 00:27:34,119 --> 00:27:39,556 Already the albatross chicks are hatching in staggering numbers, 218 00:27:39,591 --> 00:27:42,559 downy and demanding. 219 00:27:47,298 --> 00:27:50,234 With unending patience, the new mother waits 220 00:27:50,268 --> 00:27:54,304 for her mate to return from his foraging-- 221 00:27:54,339 --> 00:27:57,975 until near starvation, if she must. 222 00:28:03,348 --> 00:28:08,085 He, meanwhile, may be covering thousands of miles on the wing, 223 00:28:08,119 --> 00:28:11,455 simply to find food for his brood. 224 00:28:18,163 --> 00:28:21,498 He returns, heavy with seafood. 225 00:28:28,506 --> 00:28:34,244 After a brief greeting, they transfer parental responsibilities. 226 00:28:39,384 --> 00:28:42,019 He fills the chick's belly... 227 00:28:45,724 --> 00:28:48,492 and the family is content. 228 00:28:58,670 --> 00:29:01,505 But Johnny rook is hungry too. 229 00:29:04,342 --> 00:29:10,047 [chick chirping] 230 00:29:29,434 --> 00:29:33,170 Sometimes a parent never returns from the sea. 231 00:29:35,907 --> 00:29:40,043 And the raptor executes his cruel mercy. 232 00:30:24,088 --> 00:30:29,493 ln the roiling surf, rockhoppers porpoise home with their gullets full. 233 00:30:32,897 --> 00:30:36,266 They take turns shuttling to the sea daily, 234 00:30:36,301 --> 00:30:41,205 nabbing tidbits of krill to feed their growing chicks. 235 00:31:02,560 --> 00:31:07,531 Once ashore, the rockhoppers trade their long, graceful sea migrations 236 00:31:07,565 --> 00:31:11,368 for a daunting and dangerous vertical one. 237 00:31:20,545 --> 00:31:23,714 They've made their nests high on the sheer cliffs 238 00:31:23,748 --> 00:31:26,817 far from the freezing sea spray. 239 00:31:29,020 --> 00:31:31,855 And each day, pudgy with baby food, 240 00:31:31,890 --> 00:31:36,360 they must scale these unforgiving rock walls. 241 00:31:52,143 --> 00:31:58,048 Centuries of penguin passage have left their mark-- 242 00:31:58,082 --> 00:32:02,619 everywhere the cliffs are scarred by penguin claws. 243 00:32:16,768 --> 00:32:21,204 They are irrepressible-- 244 00:32:21,239 --> 00:32:26,276 and undaunted by missteps and stumbles. 245 00:32:43,528 --> 00:32:48,332 At the top, red-eyed, yellow-browed and full of spunk, 246 00:32:48,366 --> 00:32:51,535 they celebrate their ascent and reunion... 247 00:32:51,569 --> 00:32:56,440 [braying] 248 00:32:56,474 --> 00:33:00,277 and are quickly assaulted by their ravenous chicks, 249 00:33:00,311 --> 00:33:03,380 now nearly as big as the adults. 250 00:33:03,414 --> 00:33:06,116 [chick shrieking] 251 00:33:06,150 --> 00:33:08,819 "More food" is the chorus ringing out 252 00:33:08,853 --> 00:33:13,557 up and down the shores and cliffs of the Falklands. 253 00:33:19,897 --> 00:33:21,732 Migrants who spend their lives 254 00:33:21,766 --> 00:33:25,736 gracefully plying hundreds of miles of sea and air, 255 00:33:25,770 --> 00:33:27,404 feeding at their leisure, 256 00:33:27,438 --> 00:33:32,943 are now bound to these frozen shards of rock and sand-- 257 00:33:32,977 --> 00:33:35,846 battered by the calls of their young: 258 00:33:40,351 --> 00:33:41,685 More food. 259 00:33:41,719 --> 00:33:43,553 [pup barking] 260 00:34:01,305 --> 00:34:04,107 lt's nightfall in Australia. 261 00:34:05,943 --> 00:34:08,678 Rush hour is in full swing. 262 00:34:12,750 --> 00:34:15,619 The little red flying foxes are migrating-- 263 00:34:15,653 --> 00:34:18,021 and parched with thirst. 264 00:34:22,126 --> 00:34:27,197 But a drink on the wing is a dangerous undertaking... 265 00:34:27,231 --> 00:34:30,467 especially for the inexperienced young. 266 00:34:43,147 --> 00:34:47,884 Some freshwater crocs try to snap them out of the air. 267 00:34:57,095 --> 00:35:00,564 Others wait for fatal mistakes. 268 00:35:14,979 --> 00:35:18,081 But many more make it through... 269 00:35:18,116 --> 00:35:24,421 and after many hours on the wing, they find their new paradise. 270 00:35:24,455 --> 00:35:30,093 Fresh, succulent eucalyptus at the height of its bloom. 271 00:35:42,073 --> 00:35:47,010 At dawn, they select a camp nearby-- 272 00:35:47,044 --> 00:35:50,814 their new base for feeding excursions. 273 00:35:56,754 --> 00:35:58,522 lt's time to get down to the business 274 00:35:58,556 --> 00:36:02,692 of creating the next generation of flying nomads. 275 00:36:05,796 --> 00:36:08,698 Males spar for territory. 276 00:36:09,834 --> 00:36:13,236 They may have harems of up to five females, 277 00:36:13,271 --> 00:36:15,972 although the little reds are so little studied, 278 00:36:16,007 --> 00:36:18,508 no one knows for sure. 279 00:36:22,113 --> 00:36:27,117 Courtship involves a great deal of nuzzling and stroking. 280 00:36:30,454 --> 00:36:33,557 The act itself is brief. 281 00:36:35,226 --> 00:36:39,729 But the couple sometimes clings to each other for hours. 282 00:36:51,409 --> 00:36:52,642 After a long day, 283 00:36:52,677 --> 00:36:56,413 they wrap themselves in their elegant capes, 284 00:36:56,447 --> 00:36:59,216 trying to catch a nap. 285 00:37:13,931 --> 00:37:18,969 Tonight, the newly weaned young will join the feeding frenzy. 286 00:37:22,340 --> 00:37:26,943 They are now fully fledged members of the colony, 287 00:37:26,978 --> 00:37:31,681 ready to investigate the bounty of this land-- 288 00:37:31,716 --> 00:37:36,987 and darken the dusk with breathtaking numbers once again. 289 00:38:42,119 --> 00:38:49,059 Morning in Costa Rica, and the army is on the move again. 290 00:38:52,029 --> 00:38:57,500 Each day, about a third of the nest spills out in a deluge of ants. 291 00:39:14,719 --> 00:39:19,422 And for most of their prey, resistance is futile. 292 00:40:01,198 --> 00:40:04,401 Even fearsome wasps high in treetops 293 00:40:04,435 --> 00:40:07,971 are no match for the implacable ants. 294 00:40:24,955 --> 00:40:27,657 They watch helplessly as their own larvae 295 00:40:27,691 --> 00:40:31,094 are stripped from their honeycomb cribs. 296 00:40:39,904 --> 00:40:44,707 Now the porters take up their burdens 297 00:40:44,742 --> 00:40:49,112 and carry the moveable feast back to the unquenchable young. 298 00:40:52,283 --> 00:40:55,919 Generations of ants will come and go. 299 00:41:00,357 --> 00:41:05,395 But the restless hunger of their sisterhood will be immortal. 300 00:41:46,504 --> 00:41:48,671 On the savannahs of the Sudan, 301 00:41:48,706 --> 00:41:52,675 the clash of males is reaching a fever pitch. 302 00:42:04,755 --> 00:42:09,859 A male kob's life boils down to this: 303 00:42:09,894 --> 00:42:16,165 here and now, kob on kob, pound for pound. 304 00:42:45,996 --> 00:42:50,066 The bodies of the fallen litter the battlefield. 305 00:43:04,748 --> 00:43:08,651 The females approach the victorious males warily... 306 00:43:10,020 --> 00:43:13,289 and with a discerning eye. 307 00:43:14,925 --> 00:43:17,827 They gravitate to the eye of the storm, 308 00:43:17,861 --> 00:43:20,296 knowing that only the fittest gladiators 309 00:43:20,331 --> 00:43:24,434 can make a stand at the middle of the deadly arena. 310 00:43:35,179 --> 00:43:40,116 And a chemically choreographed dance of mutual seduction begins. 311 00:43:43,687 --> 00:43:49,125 The kob's love letters-- hormone-laden urine. 312 00:43:56,200 --> 00:43:59,535 He soaks the soil with his brew. 313 00:44:01,939 --> 00:44:05,041 The smell may be packed with complex information 314 00:44:05,075 --> 00:44:08,711 about his genetic and physical fitness. 315 00:44:16,153 --> 00:44:22,392 Suitably pleased, she answers with her own stream of urine. 316 00:44:22,426 --> 00:44:25,928 His clownish expression is known as flehmen: 317 00:44:25,963 --> 00:44:27,563 he's filtering the scent 318 00:44:27,598 --> 00:44:32,301 through a complex set of receptors in the roof of his mouth. 319 00:44:41,845 --> 00:44:47,183 There's no mistaking it: she's ready to mate. 320 00:44:54,024 --> 00:44:59,262 Finally, the lovers unite... albeit, briefly. 321 00:45:09,206 --> 00:45:13,209 After two months, the breeding season is over. 322 00:45:15,212 --> 00:45:19,515 lt's time for the long trek back to their southern feeding grounds, 323 00:45:19,550 --> 00:45:24,754 with the females carrying the next generation of nomads-- 324 00:45:24,788 --> 00:45:27,056 and fighters. 325 00:45:38,635 --> 00:45:41,971 ln the Falklands, too, the mammoth gladiators 326 00:45:42,005 --> 00:45:46,375 are turning away from their battlefields... 327 00:45:46,410 --> 00:45:50,713 and a spectacular exodus must now begin. 328 00:45:59,890 --> 00:46:03,192 For the young on these bleak southern shores, 329 00:46:03,227 --> 00:46:06,295 it is the season of abandonment. 330 00:46:12,069 --> 00:46:17,206 With barely a backwards glance, the starving elephant seal females 331 00:46:17,241 --> 00:46:21,711 desert their giant three-week-old babies on the shore. 332 00:46:30,320 --> 00:46:35,691 The males, utterly spent, have nothing to do with their young. 333 00:46:42,733 --> 00:46:44,066 With this abrupt weaning, 334 00:46:44,101 --> 00:46:48,838 the pups make their first forays into the shallows. 335 00:46:48,872 --> 00:46:54,644 They, too, will return to these shores after thousand-mile journeys. 336 00:47:02,653 --> 00:47:08,157 The rockhopper parents also take leave of their young-- 337 00:47:08,192 --> 00:47:09,926 heading back into the water 338 00:47:09,960 --> 00:47:13,930 with the joy of a creature returning to its element. 339 00:47:23,907 --> 00:47:29,078 After months on awkward shores, they're going home. 340 00:47:39,089 --> 00:47:43,292 The young albatross fledglings, left behind days ago, 341 00:47:43,327 --> 00:47:46,195 rev their engines on their nests, 342 00:47:46,230 --> 00:47:49,398 testing the four-foot wings and howling winds 343 00:47:49,433 --> 00:47:52,568 that will power them around the world. 344 00:48:02,012 --> 00:48:03,846 lt's time-- 345 00:48:03,881 --> 00:48:07,383 to fly...or die. 346 00:48:25,702 --> 00:48:31,374 For Johnny rook, the casualties are merely a last chance to feast. 347 00:48:31,408 --> 00:48:35,378 [Johnny rook squawking] 348 00:48:37,281 --> 00:48:39,382 Soon there will be little left but scraps 349 00:48:39,416 --> 00:48:43,119 to sustain him through a brutal winter. 350 00:48:52,663 --> 00:48:56,766 The last fledglings now make a leap of faith. 351 00:49:05,475 --> 00:49:10,546 Once on the wing, they may not come to shore for a decade... 352 00:49:13,083 --> 00:49:16,252 and then, only to breed. 353 00:49:24,194 --> 00:49:29,632 From now on, they are migrants, 354 00:49:29,666 --> 00:49:32,601 circling the southern world... 355 00:49:35,672 --> 00:49:38,841 wedded to brilliant skies... 356 00:49:41,278 --> 00:49:45,715 and slipping the surly bonds of Earth. 29159

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