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So in the previous video, we've defined water swings and we talked about how to declare them as well
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as we also said that strings are simply arrays of characters with a now suffix.
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And in this video, we are going to talk about how can we initialize strings?
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So basically, there are a couple of ways to do that.
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And in some of them, there is a critical difference, which we will talk later on in this course.
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But for now, let us see how we can initialize a simple array of characters.
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Another string, but a simple array of characters.
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So basically, we know how we can initialize a an array of characters.
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Right.
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We just specify the type of of this array.
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The name square brackets.
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And then in the curly brackets, we specify each of the elements, each of the characters in this given
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array.
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So these arrays called Chass Array.
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That's its name.
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And that's Matus Thring.
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That's just an array of characters with five elements starting from index zero up to index four.
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So that's okay.
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And everything is great.
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But how should you initialize a string?
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Simply saying we just need to add a null character, a backslash zero character to the end of this array.
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So one of the ways to do so, the first option to do so would be just like we've done with the characters
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array.
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So simply kind of initialize a character's array.
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Right.
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Char etr.
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And just using the curly brackets, the hollow letters.
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And then since it's a string, don't forget to add that now character to the end.
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And now from this point on the computer will know that it can treat test ya as they string, meaning
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you will be able to use different new operations and functionalities on this given string.
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That basically a lot of these functionalities we are going to learn in this chapter.
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OK.
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So in one of the following videos, we are going to talk about different functionalities that we can
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do with strings and some built-In functions and so on.
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So just wait.
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Guys, there is a lot of things to cover up in this section.
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And before we move on.
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Right.
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This that was the first option to initialize a string in C.
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And before we move on, I want us to take a look at another way to initialize a string.
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So the second way is kind of different from the first way that we used to initialize a string.
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And anything evolve the usage of double quotes.
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So, for example, we can initialize a string in the second way as follows.
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We simply write char, which is the type SDR in a square brackets in very similar to how we initialized
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an array of characters or the first option to initialize a string.
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And you can see that visually e it is this initialization is somewhat different from the first option.
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But behind the scenes, what is actually going on is very similar to the first way.
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This halo, which is within the double quotes, is also interpreted as a sequence of characters.
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And the novel is obviously appended to the end of it because it's a string, even if you do not see
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it in the initialization itself.
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Like we use in the second option.
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So basically the backslash zero is appended to the halo behind the scenes in the second option, like
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in the first one.
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So simply saying these two options to initialize the string are pretty much the same.
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So we can try and initialize these examples on your own, using your own idea, and then try and print
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out the contents character by character.
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You already know how to do that, right?
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So parse the video, initialize your strings and try to print out the content, one character after
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the other.
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And basically, you know how to do it.
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Just use some while loop.
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And as long as you didn't come to the backslash zero two the now it specifies the end of the string.
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Just print one character at a time.
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All right.
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And once you're back, I really hope that you pause the video and try it on your own.
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Now, let's take a look at a couple of other examples.
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So let's, first of all, create a string for the first name and initialize it with our first name.
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So in my case, my first name is Vlad, and that's how I created.
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So in this way, you initialize your first name string that looks like this in the memory of your computer.
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Just the letter, the characteris V L a D and a suffix of null at the end of the string.
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And now let's say that you want to initialize your last name.
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In my case, that's going to be a really long one.
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My name is Vlad Bood Need Scheme.
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So the way I initialize my last name is.
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Sea land, which will be like that char, last name of of size 10.
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And my last name, which is both need ski.
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And the last name is said to be of size down for a reason.
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We have the first nine characters which represent my last name.
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And also we have to hold some space for the additional.
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And of Thring indicator, the backslash zero, the null character.
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So I hope that's clear why we have 10 characters instead of just the nine.
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Right?
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Because we are using strings and we need a space for the last now character.
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And lastly, let's say that you also want to initialize a string that will hold your password.
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So that will look something like this char password sized down.
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And let's say that your not so you don't have so sophisticated password, which is one, two, three,
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four, five, six, seven, eight, nine.
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And by the way, I do not recommend you using these types of password because they are easily hacked.
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So.
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So now if we take a closer look and look at these password Thring, it's kind of strange.
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It's kind of new, right.
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Because we are using a number as a string and basically saying there is no problem because we can also
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store a string of digits.
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Digits also may be represented as characters.
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So that's okay.
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And what we've created here is a string with nine characters, and the last one is a null character,
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right.
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As every string in our C programming language.
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And we can access any of these digits just by specifying the index itself.
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And there you go.
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There you have your password represented as a string.
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And why do you want to store your password?
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There's a string.
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So one reason for that is because passwords may be may be just with numbers.
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But most of the passwords include the combination between letters.
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All right.
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So ABC and then you go one, two, three and so on.
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So it may be a combination of digits and characters and so on.
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So you want to be able to store it as a string.
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So this is it for these video.
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I hope it's clear as to how you should initially strings now.
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And just last note, I want you to know is that there is also another way, additional way that we can
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initialize strings in our C programming language.
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And that can be done using pointers.
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And that's also very important to understand, because in this additional way, we are going to create
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this string.
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It's a read-only memory region.
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And this way, you want to be able to modify these streambed after it was created.
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But all of that, it's going to be discussed in the advanced courses and where we are going to see a
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lot of different topics that also include the usage of strings, pointers, the combination between
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their memory applications and so on.
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So thank you guys for watching and have a great day.
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