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the world is moving toward renewable
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energy to save the planet from
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destruction by pollution there are
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several ways to generate energy from
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renewable sources but one of the most
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common methods and easy to set up is
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solar panels many households are setting
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up their own panels but the panels are
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held back by their inherent limitations
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however scientists have revealed a new
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type of solar cell that revolutionizes
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the renewable energy industry known as
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perovskite what is perovskite and what
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makes it far better than standard solar
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cells join us as we bring you all the
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details about perovsky solar cells that
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have finally hitting the market
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depending on where you live you or your
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neighbors have solar panels on the roof
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generating electricity without polluting
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the air and as you are watching this
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video a large solar farm somewhere is
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providing electricity to a city along
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with wind solar photovoltaic or PV is
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the most established of the low carbon
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Energy Technologies and as it grows in
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scale the cost of development are coming
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down the total cumulative installed
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capacity the end of 2019 amounted to
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around 627 gigawatts globally according
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to the International Energy agency solar
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is on track to set records for new
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Global deployments each year after 2022
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with an average of 125 gigawatts of new
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capacity expected globally between 2021
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and 2025. solar PV generation increased
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22 in 2019 and represented the second
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largest absolute generation growth of
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all renewable Technologies slightly
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behind wind and ahead of hydropower
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globally China is the top solar energy
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consumer in 2019 the country had
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installed 205 gigawatts of solar panels
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and generated
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223.8 terawatt hours of energy from the
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Sun the largest single solar project at
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the time was the Huang hey hydropower
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Heinen solar park with 2.2 gigawatt of
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installed capacity in King Hai Province
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the US had the world's second largest
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installed solar capacity in 2019
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totaling 76 gigawatts and producing 93.1
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terawatt hours of electricity however
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over the present decade U.S solar
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installations are forecast to reach
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around 419 gigawatts as the country
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accelerates its clean energy efforts and
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attempts to decarbonize its power system
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by 2035 fully solar energy has many
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benefits the biggest is costs solar
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energy doesn't require any external
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Supply to work so its maintenance and
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energy production costs are practically
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zero the only cost associated with the
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use of solar energy is the manufacture
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and installation of the components this
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means there are no additional costs
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associated with its use so the
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installation is recovered quickly also
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there is no fluctuation in the cost as
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the main material the sun is practically
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always available in addition solar
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energy results in less energy loss
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during long distance transport losses
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during transport and distribution of
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energy increase with the distance
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between the production and Supply points
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and affect the performance of the
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installation in densely populated areas
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on the other hand with the individual
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installation of photovoltaic panels on
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rooftops the distances are drastically
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reduced increasing the efficiency of the
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electrical system the Simplicity of the
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installation means that you can install
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PV panels almost anywhere taking
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advantage of both vertical and
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horizontal spaces with no specific use
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this means the possibility of providing
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electricity in remote locations where
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the cost of installing electrical
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distribution lines is too high or
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unfeasible also solar energy doesn't
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generate noise pollution a great point
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in urban areas it also doesn't generate
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any waste because it doesn't need
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maintenance and its lifetime is far
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longer than other energy production
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systems however PV panels have drawbacks
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limiting their capacity and applications
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one of the most important is the cost
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the first initial investment for solar
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panel installation is quite high and not
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everybody will be able to afford them
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although you could argue that solar
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panels are the most affordable they've
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ever been the fact is that they do come
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with a high price tag also the size of
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the system is dependent on your
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available space available space is a big
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factor in solar panel installation
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because if your roof is not big enough
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for example you may have to downsize
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your system or rethink getting solar
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altogether solar panels are still fairly
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large products meaning they require a
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big space to be installed the size
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disadvantage means that they cannot be
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placed in small areas and actually
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require a large roof there is also the
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problem of a low energy conversion rate
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even the most advanced solar panels
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still only convert 20 to 25 percent of
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the sun's energy into Power showing how
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much opportunity there is to develop
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better technology to optimize the full
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force of the sun now there is also this
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disadvantage that solar energy
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proponents might prefer did not exist
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manufacturing solar panels can harm the
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environment although solar panels
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produce clean renewable energy the
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process it takes to manufacture them can
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harm the environment mass production of
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solar panels may result in fossil fuels
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being burned and plastic waste they are
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simply not eco-friendly to mass
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manufacture however a new material for
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making solar panels promises to fix most
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of these problems you can call it the
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Holy Grail of solar energy because of
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its versatility the Breakthrough
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material is known as perovskite what is
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perovskite and how does it work to
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understand these let's quickly look at
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how current solar panels work a solar
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panel works by allowing photons or
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particles of light to knock electrons
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free from atoms generating a flow of
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electricity solar panels actually
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comprise many smaller units called
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photovoltaic cells of course
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photovoltaic means they convert sunlight
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into electricity many cells are linked
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together make up a solar panel each
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photovoltaic cell is basically a
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sandwich made up of two slices of
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semiconducting material photovoltaic
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cells are usually made of silicon the
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same stuff used in microelectronics to
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work photovoltaic cells need to
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establish publish an electric field much
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like a magnetic field which occurs due
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to opposite poles an electric field
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occurs when opposite charges are
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separated to get this field
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manufacturer's dope silicon with other
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materials giving each slice of the
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sandwich a positive or negative
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electrical charge specifically they seed
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phosphorus into the top layer of silicon
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which adds extra electrons with a
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negative charge to that layer meanwhile
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the bottom layer gets a dose of boron
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which results in fewer electrons or a
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positive charge this all adds up to an
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electric field at the junction between
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the Silicon layers then when a photon of
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sunlight knocks an electron free the
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electric field will push that electron
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out of the Silicon Junction a couple of
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other components of the cell turn these
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electrons into usable power for instance
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conductive metal plates on the sides of
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the cell collect the electrons and
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transfer them to wires at that point the
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electrons can flow like any other source
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of electricity in general photovoltaic
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Technologies can be divided into two
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main category is Wafer based PV also
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called first generation PVS and thin
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film cell PVS traditional crystalline
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silicon CSI cells single crystalline
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silicon multi-crystalline silicon and
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the gallium arsenide or GAA cells that
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belong to the wafer base PVS with CSI
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cells dominating the current PV Market
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it has about 90 market share and gaas
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exhibiting the highest efficiency so
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let's come back to perovskites props
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guides are a class of materials that
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share a similar structure which displays
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many exciting properties like
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superconductivity Magneto resistance and
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more these easily synthesized materials
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are considered the future of solar cells
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as their distinctive structure makes
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them perfect for enabling low-cost
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efficient photovoltaics a perovsky solar
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cell is a type of solar cell that
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includes a perovskite structured
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compound most commonly a hybrid organic
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inorganic lead or tin halide based
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material is the light harvesting active
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layer perovsky materials such as methyl
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ammonium lead halides are cheap to
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produce in relatively simple to
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manufacture props guides possess
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intrinsic properties like broad
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absorption Spectrum fast charge
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separation long transport distance of
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electrons and holes long carrier
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separation Lifetime and more making them
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very promising materials for solid-state
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solar cells Prof Sky solar cells are
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without a doubt the rising star in the
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field of photovoltaics they are causing
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excitement within the solar power
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industry with their ability to absorb
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light across almost all visible
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wavelengths exceptional power conversion
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efficiencies already exceeding 20 in the
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lab and relative ease of fabrication
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perovsky solar cells aim to increase
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efficiency and lower the cost of solar
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energy perovskypvs promise High
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efficiencies as well as low potential
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material and reduced processing costs a
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big Advantage perovsky PVS have over
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conventional solar technology is that
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they can react to various wavelengths of
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Light which lets them convert more of
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the sunlight that reaches them into to
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electricity moreover they offer
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flexibility semi-transparency tailored
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form factors lightweight and more
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electronics designers and researchers
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are certain that such characteristics
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will open up many more applications for
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solar cells for example perovskite cells
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can power small Internet of Things
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gadgets and even aircraft where they are
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not expected to last very long on the
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commercial side Sally Technologies has
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signed an investment deal with
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heidiosawada a Japanese Investment
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Company Cella aims to combine perovskite
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solar cells with other currently
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available products and this investment
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agreement came only a year after the
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company was launched sole has launched
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sunbreaker lamella's equipped with
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porovsky solar cells the product would
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be marketed across Europe and
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potentially go Global after that it is
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also reported that a perovskite
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photovoltaic cell production line has
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gone into production in Cujo East
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China's XI Jiang Province the 40 hectare
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Factory was reportedly funded by micro
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Qantas semiconductor it is expected to
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produce use more than 200 000 square
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meters of photovoltaic glass within a
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year let's hear what you think of props
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kite PV cells in the comments section
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below
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