Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:01,380 --> 00:00:07,259
Lately, this drone has been making a lot of
noise in the Ukrainian airspace, and in the
2
00:00:07,259 --> 00:00:08,259
news.
3
00:00:08,259 --> 00:00:12,590
Over the past couple of months, Russia has
launched various kamikaze drone attacks that’s
4
00:00:12,590 --> 00:00:17,680
got Ukrainians worried, especially on October
10th, 2022, when missile and drone strikes
5
00:00:17,680 --> 00:00:23,780
damaged numerous critical Ukrainian infrastructures
nationwide, bringing down around 40% of the
6
00:00:23,780 --> 00:00:25,510
country’s energy facilities.
7
00:00:25,510 --> 00:00:29,880
But … Why is it that these drones are suddenly
getting so much international attention?
8
00:00:29,880 --> 00:00:34,921
Well, there are many reasons, like accusations
that Iran is supplying them to Russia, or
9
00:00:34,921 --> 00:00:40,200
that they are being used to hit non-military
targets, although possibly the biggest reason
10
00:00:40,200 --> 00:00:45,000
is that these drones are so cheap, that air
defense systems are struggling to keep up
11
00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:46,000
with them.
12
00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:51,040
But how Ukrainians are planning to destroy
kamikaze drones using their cellphones, is
13
00:00:51,040 --> 00:00:54,199
Not What You Think!
14
00:00:54,199 --> 00:00:59,660
In December of 2021, Iranian state media published
videos of an unmanned aerial vehicle, Shahed-136,
15
00:00:59,660 --> 00:01:07,080
a delta-wing shaped aircraft, dubbed Kamikaze
or suicide drone.
16
00:01:07,080 --> 00:01:12,650
Shahed-136 is a type of loitering munition,
a crossover between a cruise missile and a
17
00:01:12,650 --> 00:01:13,990
drone.
18
00:01:13,990 --> 00:01:18,240
It differs from a cruise missile, in that
it can loiter for a relatively long period
19
00:01:18,240 --> 00:01:21,750
of time around its target area, kinda like
a drone.
20
00:01:21,750 --> 00:01:25,920
But it is different from a drone, in that
it is one-time use, because loitering munitions
21
00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:30,640
have warheads, similar to a cruise missile,
and they are designed to be destroyed upon
22
00:01:30,640 --> 00:01:34,400
hitting their target, hence the nickname Kamikaze
drone.
23
00:01:34,400 --> 00:01:36,750
But loitering munitions are nothing new.
24
00:01:36,750 --> 00:01:42,620
The US had sent hundreds of Switchblade 300
drones as part of an arms package to Ukraine.
25
00:01:42,620 --> 00:01:48,079
The thing is, Iran came up with a new launcher
for Shahed-136.
26
00:01:48,079 --> 00:01:53,560
The launcher looks like a regular truck, but
not only does it hide the drones during transportation,
27
00:01:53,560 --> 00:01:57,299
it can launch dozens of them in a swarm attack.
28
00:01:57,299 --> 00:02:03,079
Shahed-136 drones also have a range of 1,100
to 1,500 miles, compared
29
00:02:03,079 --> 00:02:06,619
to just over 6 miles for Switchblade 300.
30
00:02:06,619 --> 00:02:14,140
Finally, Shahed-136 drones carry a 90lb warhead,
which can inflict serious damage.
31
00:02:14,140 --> 00:02:19,870
It is believed that the September 2019 attack
on Saudi oil processing facilities used similar
32
00:02:19,870 --> 00:02:24,700
loitering munitions, based on what was recovered
from the attack site and showcased by the
33
00:02:24,700 --> 00:02:25,920
Saudi government.
34
00:02:25,920 --> 00:02:29,870
But what does any of this have to do with
Ukraine?
35
00:02:29,870 --> 00:02:33,739
This video is sponsored by World of Tanks,
and if you haven’t played it yet, this offer
36
00:02:33,739 --> 00:02:36,640
will give you a chance to experience it like
a pro!
37
00:02:36,640 --> 00:02:41,319
World of Tanks is a free online game enjoyed
by over 100 million players who seek the thrill
38
00:02:41,319 --> 00:02:46,300
of commanding a beast made of steel, while
tearing across deserts and sneaking through
39
00:02:46,300 --> 00:02:47,300
forests.
40
00:02:47,300 --> 00:02:50,340
If you’re a new player, you don’t need
to wait, because you get the British tier
41
00:02:50,340 --> 00:02:56,629
5 Excelsior premium tank, 250K credits, 7
day premium access and more, simply by clicking
42
00:02:56,629 --> 00:02:59,930
the link in the description or using the code
TANKMANIA.
43
00:02:59,930 --> 00:03:03,970
With the game’s historically accurate vehicles,
you can target your enemies, block damage,
44
00:03:03,970 --> 00:03:06,019
and even properly conceal your tank.
45
00:03:06,019 --> 00:03:10,430
Join the global community of gamers who share
your passion, while you earn experience to
46
00:03:10,430 --> 00:03:12,019
modify and upgrade your tanks.
47
00:03:12,019 --> 00:03:17,840
You are one click away from creating a steel
beast that's ready for any challenge.
48
00:03:17,840 --> 00:03:24,590
On July 11th, 2022, US National Security Advisor,
Jake Sullivan said this during a news conference:
49
00:03:24,590 --> 00:03:29,470
“... that the Iranian government is preparing
to provide Russia with up to several hundred
50
00:03:29,470 --> 00:03:32,930
UAVs, including weapons-capable UAVs on an
…”
51
00:03:32,930 --> 00:03:37,459
Declassified intelligence was later published,
showing an aerial image that was supposedly
52
00:03:37,459 --> 00:03:42,870
taken on June 8th, claiming it related to
a visit of Russian officials at an Iranian
53
00:03:42,870 --> 00:03:46,239
air base near the city of Kashan.
54
00:03:46,239 --> 00:03:51,750
Over the months of July and August, US officials
kept warning about the sales of Iranian UAVs
55
00:03:51,750 --> 00:03:56,739
to Russia, something that both Iran and Russia
categorically denied.
56
00:03:56,739 --> 00:04:01,459
But then, on September 13th, about 2 months
after Sullivan’s news conference, Russia
57
00:04:01,459 --> 00:04:06,239
destroyed a number of Ukrainian artillery
during the Kharkiv counter-offensive using
58
00:04:06,239 --> 00:04:08,810
delta-wing kamikaze drones.
59
00:04:08,810 --> 00:04:14,570
The drone pieces recovered from those attacks
resembled the Iranian Shahed-136 drones, except
60
00:04:14,570 --> 00:04:18,769
for they were inscribed in Russian: Герань-2.
61
00:04:18,769 --> 00:04:24,930
Geran-2 closely resembles Shahed-136, and
the fact that US intelligence had warned about
62
00:04:24,930 --> 00:04:29,880
this months in advance of their deployment
against Ukraine, has many convinced that Iran
63
00:04:29,880 --> 00:04:36,690
is supplying Shahed-136 drones to Russia and
simply rebranding them with a Russian name.
64
00:04:36,690 --> 00:04:41,110
On November 5th, Iran’s Foreign Minister
acknowledged that Iran had indeed supplied
65
00:04:41,110 --> 00:04:47,160
Russia with a few drones, but that it was
months before the Ukraine war had even begun.
66
00:04:47,160 --> 00:04:51,949
That said, the UK, France and Germany are
pushing the UN to investigate Iran on the
67
00:04:51,949 --> 00:04:58,110
matter of drone deliveries to Russia, something
that Iran is strongly rejecting.
68
00:04:58,110 --> 00:05:04,060
Some reports suggest that Shahed-136 uses
US civilian grade GPS, while Geran-2 uses
69
00:05:04,060 --> 00:05:09,800
the Russian GLONASS for satellite navigation,
therefore the drones are Russian.
70
00:05:09,800 --> 00:05:14,000
The evidence seems to be overwhelming, however,
that Iran is most likely behind the supply
71
00:05:14,000 --> 00:05:15,280
of drones to Russia.
72
00:05:15,280 --> 00:05:20,770
But regardless of who is supplying these drones,
the reality is that these delta-wing UAVs
73
00:05:20,770 --> 00:05:25,960
provide Russia with asymmetrical warfare capabilities
that are quite crippling.
74
00:05:25,960 --> 00:05:33,389
First of all, these drones are relatively
inexpensive, with a price tag of about $20,000.
75
00:05:33,389 --> 00:05:38,889
This means that for the price of a single
$5M Turkish Bayraktar TB-2 drone, you can
76
00:05:38,889 --> 00:05:42,150
get 250 Shahed-136 drones.
77
00:05:42,150 --> 00:05:47,169
That excludes the cost of the ground control
unit for TB-2, which is also in millions of
78
00:05:47,169 --> 00:05:48,819
dollars.
79
00:05:48,819 --> 00:05:53,310
These Kamikaze drones are also a challenge
for traditional radars to detect, because
80
00:05:53,310 --> 00:05:58,750
their initial flight path is often low, about
100 feet above ground, and they are fairly
81
00:05:58,750 --> 00:06:02,310
small, creating a modest detection signature.
82
00:06:02,310 --> 00:06:07,430
They increase their altitude only before diving
into the ground, at which time, radar detection
83
00:06:07,430 --> 00:06:09,479
is too late.
84
00:06:09,479 --> 00:06:14,729
But even if radars could detect them, because
they are so cheap to produce, a swarm of them
85
00:06:14,729 --> 00:06:17,210
could overwhelm anti-air defense systems.
86
00:06:17,210 --> 00:06:22,419
You have to consider that anti-air missiles
have been traditionally used to destroy aircraft
87
00:06:22,419 --> 00:06:28,669
or other cruise missiles, not cheap drones.
88
00:06:28,669 --> 00:06:34,229
In November of 2022, Ukraine's Defense Ministry
said they have received their first NASAMS
89
00:06:34,229 --> 00:06:38,889
defense system, which is meant to help the
Ukrainians transition their air defense systems
90
00:06:38,889 --> 00:06:44,669
from what is now a Soviet-type system, to
this modern technology.
91
00:06:44,669 --> 00:06:49,259
A NASMAS platoon, which includes 3 launchers
for 18 missiles, a radar station and a fire
92
00:06:49,259 --> 00:06:54,450
control panel, costs $23 million dollars,
and that’s just the setup.
93
00:06:54,450 --> 00:06:59,150
The variety of missiles that NASMAS can launch
aren’t cheap either.
94
00:06:59,150 --> 00:07:04,490
For example, AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles have
a unit cost in the range of 3 to 4 hundred
95
00:07:04,490 --> 00:07:05,930
thousands dollars.
96
00:07:05,930 --> 00:07:11,879
IRIS-T infrared homing missiles cost around
400 thousand dollars each, and a single AIM-120
97
00:07:11,879 --> 00:07:16,569
AMRAAM missile costs a whopping $1.2 million
dollars.
98
00:07:16,569 --> 00:07:22,081
This makes traditional air defense systems
economically non-viable against Kamikaze drone
99
00:07:22,081 --> 00:07:23,150
attacks.
100
00:07:23,150 --> 00:07:24,990
So what do you do now?
101
00:07:24,990 --> 00:07:28,759
The good old bullets!
102
00:07:28,759 --> 00:07:34,340
On October 17th, three Kyiv police officers
heard the sounds of a drone overhead and started
103
00:07:34,340 --> 00:07:39,199
shooting at it with their AK-47s, causing
the drone to crash.
104
00:07:39,199 --> 00:07:43,870
Even though members of the public praised
the officers for their quick reaction, Ukrainian
105
00:07:43,870 --> 00:07:48,240
officials are urging citizens not to try it
themselves.
106
00:07:48,240 --> 00:07:52,740
Remember that at the onset of the war, thousands
of weapons were handed out to ukrainians to
107
00:07:52,740 --> 00:07:54,740
defend their homeland.
108
00:07:54,740 --> 00:07:59,940
But civilians shooting at a fast moving drone
is more likely to injure others than to hit
109
00:07:59,940 --> 00:08:02,030
the drone.
110
00:08:02,030 --> 00:08:07,139
This is why Ukraine is now asking for C-RAM
units, which is traditionally used for shooting
111
00:08:07,139 --> 00:08:10,740
down rockets and other artillery fire.
112
00:08:10,740 --> 00:08:17,450
C-RAMs use an M61A1 Gatling gun which can
fire 4,500 20mm rounds per minute.
113
00:08:17,450 --> 00:08:20,639
That’s 75 bullets per second!
114
00:08:20,639 --> 00:08:25,319
And even though C-RAMs would be able to shoot
down kamikaze drones at much lower cost compared
115
00:08:25,319 --> 00:08:28,819
to anti-air missiles, they have a limitation.
116
00:08:28,819 --> 00:08:32,700
Their effective firing range is just under
1 mile.
117
00:08:32,700 --> 00:08:38,050
This makes C-RAM a good candidate only for
defending fixed high-value assets, like power
118
00:08:38,050 --> 00:08:41,930
plants and other key infrastructure.
119
00:08:41,930 --> 00:08:45,410
So anti-air missiles are effective, but too
expensive.
120
00:08:45,410 --> 00:08:47,800
Bullets are cheap, but have limited range.
121
00:08:47,800 --> 00:08:50,625
So how do you take out a swarm of fast drones?
122
00:08:50,625 --> 00:08:51,810
I’ll let this guy explain it:
123
00:08:51,810 --> 00:08:55,646
"The only thing that can take out a swarm of fast drones ...
124
00:08:55,646 --> 00:08:58,420
is a bigger swarm of faster drones."
125
00:08:58,420 --> 00:09:02,880
That was Palmer Lucky, the guy who founded
Oculus VR, which was acquired by Facebook
126
00:09:02,880 --> 00:09:03,880
in 2014.
127
00:09:03,880 --> 00:09:09,959
Then in 2017, he founded a defense technology
company, called Anduril Industries.
128
00:09:09,959 --> 00:09:14,030
One of the things they make is drones that
destroy other drones.
129
00:09:14,030 --> 00:09:18,630
It is reported that Ukraine wants to acquire
these drone interceptors to help combat the
130
00:09:18,630 --> 00:09:21,730
Kamikaze drones.
131
00:09:21,730 --> 00:09:26,161
But Ukraine has come up with one more thing
that could help defend against Kamikaze drone
132
00:09:26,161 --> 00:09:29,820
attacks … and there’s an app for it!
133
00:09:29,820 --> 00:09:35,279
Remember how we said radars have a difficult
time detecting these relatively small drones.
134
00:09:35,279 --> 00:09:40,880
Well, they may be small, but they are extremely
loud, which means people can hear them, and
135
00:09:40,880 --> 00:09:44,980
can in turn report them using an app called
ePPO.
136
00:09:44,980 --> 00:09:49,820
When users see a threat in the sky, they simply
select the type of air target on the app,
137
00:09:49,820 --> 00:09:54,850
be it a cruise missile or a kamikaze drone,
then point their smartphone in the direction
138
00:09:54,850 --> 00:09:57,880
of the target and press the big red button.
139
00:09:57,880 --> 00:10:03,590
This information is then pooled and used to
supplement information from military radars.
140
00:10:03,590 --> 00:10:08,460
This is called crowdsourcing, and is the same
concept that the navigation app, Waze, uses
141
00:10:08,460 --> 00:10:13,161
to collect feedback from millions of users
who report seeing accidents on the road, or
142
00:10:13,161 --> 00:10:16,960
identify where cops have set up speed traps.
143
00:10:16,960 --> 00:10:24,149
But this Ukrainian app echoes previous systems
of public air defense that date back to WWII.
144
00:10:24,149 --> 00:10:29,150
The Royal Observer Corps was a network of
volunteer spotters, who worked closely with
145
00:10:29,150 --> 00:10:34,070
the Royal Air Force to identify German aircraft
and even missiles that were flying over the
146
00:10:34,070 --> 00:10:36,490
UK during the war.
147
00:10:36,490 --> 00:10:41,170
On October 22nd, the app developer confirmed
that they had helped track and shoot down
148
00:10:41,170 --> 00:10:43,580
a Russian missile for the first time.
149
00:10:43,580 --> 00:10:49,990
But the true effectiveness of this app would
have to be evaluated over time.
150
00:10:49,990 --> 00:10:54,889
The Kamikaze drones yet again show the power
of asymmetric warfare.
151
00:10:54,889 --> 00:11:00,160
Just like how Ukraine was able to use $30,000
N-LAWs to destroy $10 million dollar Russian
152
00:11:00,160 --> 00:11:05,860
tanks, now Russia is sending in swarms of
$20,000 kamikaze drones that cost way too
153
00:11:05,860 --> 00:11:07,750
much to shoot down.
154
00:11:07,750 --> 00:11:13,300
But one thing is for sure: historically, wars
have accelerated technological developments
155
00:11:13,300 --> 00:11:19,360
in order to solve specific military needs,
whether it's a drone, an app, or crowdsourcing
156
00:11:19,360 --> 00:11:21,700
before the internet even existed.
157
00:11:21,700 --> 00:11:22,989
It is just a matter ...
158
00:11:22,989 --> 00:11:24,336
of time.
159
00:11:24,720 --> 00:11:29,240
If you are new to World of Tanks, you can
play it for free like a pro using this offer.
160
00:11:29,240 --> 00:11:35,650
Get the British tier 5 Excelsior premium tank,
250K credits, 7 day premium access and more,
161
00:11:35,650 --> 00:11:38,880
simply by clicking the link in the description
or using the code TANKMANIA.
162
00:11:38,880 --> 00:11:40,429
You are one click away!
16422
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.