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www.titlovi.com
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Otto Skorzeny,
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also known as �Scarface�,
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was Hitler's favorite man of action.
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Benito Mussolini�s famous rescuer,
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the SS Lieutenant Colonel was considered
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�The most dangerous man in Europe."
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A fugitive-turned-millionaire businessman
in Spain
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under the shadow of the Francoist regime,
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the spy
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New investigations
reveal valuable information
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on the activities of a man
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whose life is still shrouded in mystery.
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Who really was Otto Skorzeny?
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What did he do in the 30 years
after World War II,
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living in Spain as a refugee?
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The most dangerous man in Europe.
Otto Skorzeny in Spain
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In 2011, an important archive
goes up for auction.
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It�s the complete collection
of private documentation
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compiled by Otto Skorzeny and his wife
Ilse Lutje over several decades.
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An archive, hitherto unheard-of,
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consisting of more than 2.000 documents
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including agendas, passports,
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correspondence,
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8mm films
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After Skorzeny�s death, his widow Ilse
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bequeathed the entire collection
to friends in Madrid,
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the Pardo family.
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The files are bequeathed in the late 90s.
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My father has them and brings them home.
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He distributes the collection
into safe deposit boxes
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and keeps it for almost 11 years.
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My father was scared,
he thought the Nazis might come
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And I told him: �There are no Nazis
left to come and hurt us,
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and people have the right to know
what is in the archive�.
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There are many interesting documents
in the collection.
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There is the personal agenda,
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many times I have wondered
what sense there is in the agenda,
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because that agenda
is exclusively of Germans.
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In a way it is like a recognition
or a list of people
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that he wants to have the reference
as irreducible or faithful Nazis.
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There is Leni Riefenstahl, Hanna Reitsch,
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there is Hitler's personal aide,
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the one who takes his body to be cremated,
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Otto G�nsche,
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the bunker secretaries.
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I spent 11 full years continuously
with the archive.
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Then I tried to get
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some Spanish, German,
American institutions�
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to acquire it.
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It was quite frustrating
because no one responded.
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Otto Skorzeny's archive
is finally put on sale.
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An historian and USAF veteran,
Mayor Ralph P. Ganis,
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acquires most of the collection
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and proceeds
with his exhaustive investigation.
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I found out about the Skorzeny papers
in 2012,
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I was actually doing general research
on Skorzeny on the internet,
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and I happened to notice that there was
an auction of his papers,
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so this caught my attention.
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Since many books
had been written about him,
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all his wartime exploits
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and not much was known
about what he did after the war.
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I thought if I could get the papers
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I might be able to do the research
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and then maybe do a book
on his post war life.
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July 1948.
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The route that will take Skorzeny to Spain
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begins in the German town of Darmstadt.
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Held in an allied prison camp,
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one morning he receives
a very special visit.
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Three gentlemen dressed in Allied uniforms
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arrived at the Darmstadt prison
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and said they had an order to transfer the
prisoner Skorzeny,
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and the prison warden handed him over to
them
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without asking for any documentation,
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without making them sign anything, with no
problems at all.
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He acknowledges that they make it easy
for him to leave,
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and reading between
the lines of his memoirs,
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he implies that the Americans suggest
Spain as a good destination.
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In the spring of 1948 Skorzeny is free
once again
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and that summer Schacht, a friend of his,
and Hitler's banker,
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who later will have great influence in
Otto�s life in Spain,
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asks his niece Ilse to lodge him on a farm
she had in Bavaria.
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In the summer of �48
Otto hides in Ilse�s farm
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and it seems love sparked between them,
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an adulterous love because both
were married,
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but nevertheless an irresistible
attraction.
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Skorzeny needs a safe haven.
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His choice is Spain,
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a country ruled by dictatorship and allied
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with Germany during World War II.
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There are already 10 thousand Germans,
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many of them refugees from the end of the
war,
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living in Spain.
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Spain is a military dictatorship, of
course,
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by Francisco Franco and his generals.
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Hundreds of Nazi refugees in Spain are
required
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for extradition by the Allied justice.
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The various lists presented to Franco�s
government
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are repeatedly ignored.
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They admire German military culture,
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it is a little unfortunate that Germany
has lost the war
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but they still admire the people who had
fought in
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it and Otto Skorzeny is as far as they are
concerned
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a genuine military hero
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and they welcome him with open arms.
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Skorzeny enters Spain on January 12, 1951,
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easily passing the Ir�n border using false
documentation.
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This false passport under the name of
Rudolph Steinbauer
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was issued by Jos� Spottorno, the Spanish
ambassador in Paris.
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That means that he was well-protected by
Franco�s regime.
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Skorzeny settles in Madrid.
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One of his first contacts in the capital
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is the well-known fascist writer and
journalist
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V�ctor de La Serna y Espina.
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V�ctor de la Serna was the great
introducer of the German colony in Madrid
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and fundamentally of the Nazi refugees
there at that time.
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One must bear in mind that De la Serna
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had been the director
of the �Informaciones� newspaper
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which was by far the most pro-Nazi
of the regime's newspapers.
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Thanks to de la Serna
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Skorzeny quickly weaves a large network of
contacts,
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some of whom hold important positions in
Franco�s regime.
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He establishes contacts with the Army
General Staff,
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with Juan Vig�n, with General Munoz
Grandes,
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with General Mart�nez Campos,
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with a series of individuals of the
Spanish military world
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who know of Otto Skorzeny�s legend
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and who will open the doors to the future
business
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that he will have with Franco's regime.
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To start these promising businesses,
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Skorzeny opens an office on Montera Street
in the center of Madrid,
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where years later he will be interviewed
by journalist David Solar.
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I asked him about the scars,
about the slit he had here, right?
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Of course that will be one
of your war wounds,
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shrapnel or such, I said. No way!
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This is the scar that the �machos� of the
University
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had to have in those days.
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It cost me 14 duels with very sharp
weapons to get this mark,
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and I'm very proud of it.
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At the end of the 1920s Otto Skorzeny
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studied engineering at the Vienna
Technical University,
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where it was customary to practice sword
duels known as "Mensur."
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It had been a tradition in Germany since
the 18th century
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to have very conservative student
associations,
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who settled their differences
with fencing duels,
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and the scars left by the duels
were like medals,
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proving the duelists courage and bravery.
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00:11:43,280 --> 00:11:48,000
One of the key associates he has as a
young man in college,
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was a future leader in the Nazi party,
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Ernst Kaltenbrunner.
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Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Chief of Security for
the Reich between 1943 and 1945.
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Judged as a war criminal at the Nuremberg
trials,
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he will be sentenced to death and
executed.
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1933. Hitler's rise to power
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Skorzeny quickly identifies himself with
the National Socialist ideas,
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joining the party in 1934.
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Four years later he enthusiastically
supports
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the annexation of Austria into Germany.
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1938. Annexation of Austria
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1939, World War II begins,
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Skorzeny immediately enlisted in to the
army.
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He initially wanted to be a pilot,
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a Luftwaffe pilot, but he was too big,
1meter 90,
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to get into the cockpit of a plane.
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Then he joined the Leibstandarte Adolf
Hitler,
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Hitler's Praetorians,
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originally Adolf Hitler's defense unit,
his bodyguards.
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00:13:15,200 --> 00:13:20,720
Skorzeny, married since 1938 to aspiring
actress Emmy Linhart,
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is mobilized on the same day as an
important family event.
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Waltraut Riess, Otto Skorzen�s daughter.
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The day I was born, 21st of February 1940,
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was the day my father was called to the
front.
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He only just had time to meet me,
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but he came to visit us several times
during the war.
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00:14:06,640 --> 00:14:10,440
In 1943 Skorzeny is wounded on the Russian
front
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and is transferred to Germany.
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His role in the war suddenly changes
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when his friend Ernst Kaltenbrunner
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puts him in charge of a newly created
special operations unit:
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The 502nd SS Light Infantry Battalion.
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The new command will change Skorzeny�s
destiny forever.
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In the mid-50s, Skorzeny moves freely
around Spain
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using his real identity.
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Living in the exclusive neighborhood
of El Viso,
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he enjoys public notoriety:
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he gives conferences, interviews
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and is often seen at social events around
Madrid.
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He frequented the Estela Club,
the Pasapogo, Moroco,
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the Casablanca, all these places,
at night.
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At any party or event
Skorzeny would be there,
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the man who had rescued Mussolini
from the Gran Sasso�
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00:15:56,240 --> 00:16:01,080
There was a group of people
who reached the highest social circles,
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they were like the �celebrities�
of the time.
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He enjoyed good food, good life,
he liked to live well.
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My father met Otto Skorzeny in Madrid,
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00:16:43,080 --> 00:16:45,880
and was very impressed by him.
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00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:51,480
My father was a young man
who played rugby,
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00:16:51,560 --> 00:16:53,800
quite tall and strong,
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00:16:53,920 --> 00:16:57,880
and he told us that Skorzeny
had grabbed him by the waist
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00:16:58,040 --> 00:17:00,880
and had lifted him in the air
with his bare hands.
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00:17:01,960 --> 00:17:07,400
It was obvious
that Skorzeny had tremendous strength.
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00:17:07,480 --> 00:17:10,640
He had been introduced to him
by Clarita Stauffer,
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who later was linked to the Odessa network
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that helped Nazis to leave Germany
to take them to Latin America.
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00:17:26,160 --> 00:17:29,520
Clara Stauffer, a woman of German origin
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00:17:29,600 --> 00:17:32,280
and a member of the Women's Section
of the Falange, the Spanish Fascist party,
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00:17:32,360 --> 00:17:38,680
becomes the principal organizer
of a major Nazi evasion network in Spain
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00:17:38,760 --> 00:17:40,080
after World War II.
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An organization connected
with the popularly known as �ratlines�.
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00:18:06,040 --> 00:18:08,720
Efraim Zuroff is the director
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00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:12,280
of the Simon Wiesenthal Center
in Jerusalem.
213
00:18:12,360 --> 00:18:16,280
He is considered
the principal Nazi hunter alive today.
214
00:18:16,360 --> 00:18:22,080
The �ratlines� were organized
by the Austrian bishop Alois Hudal
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00:18:22,160 --> 00:18:25,040
who was in a seminar in Rome.
216
00:18:27,520 --> 00:18:30,520
The routes went from German and Austria,
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00:18:30,600 --> 00:18:34,080
over the Alps in to Italy to Genoa
218
00:18:34,600 --> 00:18:39,720
and there the people were offered a choice
whether to go to South America.
219
00:18:40,080 --> 00:18:41,880
They were given false names,
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00:18:41,960 --> 00:18:45,200
they were given passports,
Nansen passports usually,
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tickets
and that�s basically how it worked.
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00:18:50,360 --> 00:18:55,040
Through these evasion networks,
significant criminals
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00:18:55,120 --> 00:19:00,400
such as Josef Mengele, Klaus Barbie
and Adolf Eichmann manage to escape.
224
00:19:01,880 --> 00:19:06,400
Skorzeny was also in those organizations.
225
00:19:06,680 --> 00:19:12,600
He is credited in particular with
the theoretical creation of The Spider.
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00:19:12,880 --> 00:19:16,880
He was helping to get them out
of the internment camps,
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jails, to get them out of Germany,
in a first stage.
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00:19:20,680 --> 00:19:22,160
And I asked him about Odessa
229
00:19:22,240 --> 00:19:24,240
because a book about it had recently come
to light,
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00:19:24,560 --> 00:19:26,360
and his answer was:
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00:19:26,440 --> 00:19:29,800
That�s just a story.
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00:19:30,320 --> 00:19:33,760
And then he said,
well friends are friends,
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00:19:33,840 --> 00:19:36,720
but an escape network,
that's just a story.
234
00:19:42,640 --> 00:19:48,240
In March 1961,
Romano Mussolini, son of the late Duce,
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00:19:48,520 --> 00:19:52,520
arrives in Madrid
during a tour as a jazz musician.
236
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Skorzeny meets him
at the Castellana Hotel.
237
00:19:56,840 --> 00:19:58,640
Romano Mussolini arrives in Madrid
238
00:19:58,720 --> 00:20:00,200
and there is a meeting between the two,
239
00:20:00,280 --> 00:20:02,800
and there is a photo in which Skorzeny
240
00:20:02,880 --> 00:20:05,520
is showing him the watch his father had
given him in commemoration
241
00:20:05,600 --> 00:20:09,520
of the liberation of Benito Mussolini by
Skorzeny.
242
00:20:29,760 --> 00:20:31,800
July 1943.
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00:20:38,040 --> 00:20:39,880
The Allies take Sicily.
244
00:20:42,840 --> 00:20:44,800
Rome is bombed.
245
00:20:47,120 --> 00:20:48,680
Given the gravity of the situation,
246
00:20:48,760 --> 00:20:52,440
the Great Fascist Council, the highest
governing body in Italy,
247
00:20:52,520 --> 00:20:54,520
decides to dismiss Mussolini.
248
00:20:54,960 --> 00:20:58,640
The Duce is arrested and taken to a secret
location.
249
00:20:59,800 --> 00:21:03,360
Hitler finds out at 5 pm on July 25th.
250
00:21:03,960 --> 00:21:05,800
�I don't know where he is, � Hitler said,
251
00:21:05,880 --> 00:21:10,680
�but when I do my paratroopers will go to
rescue him.
252
00:21:12,240 --> 00:21:16,680
On July 26, the new special operations
chief Otto Skorzeny
253
00:21:16,760 --> 00:21:19,800
is summoned to the Wolf's Lair,
254
00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:21,840
Hitler�s headquarters in East Prussia.
255
00:21:22,440 --> 00:21:25,640
He told me that for him it was very
surprising
256
00:21:25,720 --> 00:21:29,040
and that the truth is that he entrusted me
with the mission
257
00:21:29,120 --> 00:21:33,200
and I left there reeling, and saying to
myself
258
00:21:33,280 --> 00:21:37,560
�Either I bring Mussolini in front of
Hitler or I die trying,
259
00:21:37,640 --> 00:21:41,200
I could not fail in my mission!�
260
00:21:43,280 --> 00:21:46,200
The Germans discover that Mussolini is
hiding
261
00:21:46,280 --> 00:21:48,200
in a mountain top hotel at the Gran Sasso,
262
00:21:48,280 --> 00:21:50,800
at a height of 2.200 meters.
263
00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:55,120
Somewhere that can only reached by cable
car.
264
00:21:56,320 --> 00:21:58,960
The mission is launched on September 12th
265
00:21:59,040 --> 00:22:01,720
under the name of "Operation Oak."
266
00:22:02,880 --> 00:22:05,800
Ten gliders with German paratroopers
launch
267
00:22:05,880 --> 00:22:08,280
a surprise attack, landing at the Gran
Sasso.
268
00:22:09,160 --> 00:22:11,400
The operation takes no time at all, 10 or
15 minutes.
269
00:22:11,680 --> 00:22:15,120
Mussolini comes out to the window when he
sees the first gliders:
270
00:22:15,200 --> 00:22:16,400
"Don't shoot, don't shoot."
271
00:22:18,160 --> 00:22:22,520
The bewildered Italian garrison surrenders
without resistance.
272
00:22:25,160 --> 00:22:28,800
Skorzeny quickly climbs into Mussolini�s
room.
273
00:22:29,360 --> 00:22:33,360
He arrives and formally announces:
274
00:22:34,240 --> 00:22:37,640
"Duce, the F�hrer has sent me to free you"
275
00:22:37,920 --> 00:22:39,720
and Mussolini�s famous reply:
276
00:22:39,800 --> 00:22:42,200
"I knew that my friend would not forsake
me!"
277
00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:49,480
After posing with a smile for posterity,
278
00:22:49,560 --> 00:22:51,720
it becomes urgent to evacuate Mussolini
from the hotel.
279
00:22:55,160 --> 00:23:00,920
The plan is to transfer him in a
two-seater Fieseler Fi 156 light aircraft.
280
00:23:01,160 --> 00:23:03,800
The aircraft had to hold the pilot and
Mussolini,
281
00:23:03,880 --> 00:23:05,920
who was also hefty man,
282
00:23:06,000 --> 00:23:10,160
Skorzeny was determined to accompany
them,
283
00:23:10,240 --> 00:23:14,640
to make sure that he delivered the
rescue�s great icon
284
00:23:14,720 --> 00:23:17,560
and that therefore he would be the
protagonist of the story.
285
00:23:22,040 --> 00:23:25,120
It�s a pathetic image,
286
00:23:25,200 --> 00:23:27,840
a scared Mussolini boarding the plane
saying
287
00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:29,600
�couldn�t we go by land?�
288
00:23:30,000 --> 00:23:31,680
Mussolini will later recount that this was
289
00:23:31,760 --> 00:23:34,080
one of the scariest moments of his life.
290
00:23:34,840 --> 00:23:38,920
I could not return to Berlin saying that I
had rescued Mussolini
291
00:23:39,000 --> 00:23:41,080
and that he had been killed in a plane
crash.
292
00:23:41,640 --> 00:23:44,360
Hitler would have told me: "then what are
you doing here?"
293
00:23:44,440 --> 00:23:47,920
So Skorzeny says: �no, no I would rather
have my corpse taken to him�.
294
00:24:03,480 --> 00:24:06,600
After �Operation Oak�, Skorzeny�s life
will change.
295
00:24:06,680 --> 00:24:08,760
On the 3rd of October he will be
victoriously received
296
00:24:08,840 --> 00:24:11,720
at the Berlin Sports Palace,
297
00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:18,640
and a newsreel shows a proud Skorzeny
greeted by the Nazi chiefs,
298
00:24:19,080 --> 00:24:23,560
his men too, all those who have
participated being also decorated.
299
00:24:25,040 --> 00:24:26,440
From that moment
300
00:24:26,520 --> 00:24:29,840
onwards Skorzeny becomes Mussolini�s only
rescuer.
301
00:24:29,920 --> 00:24:33,320
The Nazi propaganda apparatus bursts into
action,
302
00:24:33,400 --> 00:24:35,240
raising its new idol.
303
00:24:36,520 --> 00:24:37,920
After the Stalingrad defeat
304
00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:40,600
Germany needs an emotional impact,
305
00:24:40,680 --> 00:24:42,600
a hero to believe in,
306
00:24:42,680 --> 00:24:45,400
and for that it forgets the paratroopers
307
00:24:45,480 --> 00:24:47,480
who played an essential role in the
rescue.
308
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:51,840
Basically he has become the lion of Gran
Sasso
309
00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:54,520
he�s created his own legend�
310
00:24:54,600 --> 00:24:57,000
Here is Skorzeny the master of bluff
311
00:25:07,240 --> 00:25:12,280
Promoted to commander and awarded the
Knight's Cross by Hitler himself,
312
00:25:12,360 --> 00:25:16,080
Skorzeny undoubtedly enjoys his peak
moment of glory.
313
00:25:21,480 --> 00:25:26,160
Shortly afterwards, Mussolini will give
him a watch engraved
314
00:25:26,240 --> 00:25:28,480
with the date of the rescue
as a sign of gratitude.
315
00:25:29,800 --> 00:25:33,920
An object Skorzeny will carry with him for
the rest of his life.
316
00:25:49,920 --> 00:25:54,960
In the mid-50s Skorzeny is solely engaged
in commercial activities,
317
00:25:55,600 --> 00:25:59,000
an area in which
he demonstrates great skill.
318
00:26:01,760 --> 00:26:06,120
His marriage to Ilse Luthje in 1954
reinforces
319
00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:08,520
his relationship
with financier Hjalmar Schacht.
320
00:26:12,680 --> 00:26:17,080
It was known that Ilse was not the niece,
321
00:26:17,160 --> 00:26:20,560
nor directly family related
to Hjamar Schacht,
322
00:26:20,640 --> 00:26:25,200
but she called him "my uncle",
323
00:26:25,560 --> 00:26:28,080
and their close relationship afforded
her great protection on one side.
324
00:26:29,680 --> 00:26:31,960
The great economist of Nazism,
325
00:26:32,040 --> 00:26:35,400
he was the architect of the public support
326
00:26:35,480 --> 00:26:37,960
that Hitler enjoyed for so many years in
Germany.
327
00:26:49,280 --> 00:26:52,040
Hjalmar Schacht. German financier,
President of the Reichsbank
328
00:26:52,120 --> 00:26:55,760
and Minister of Economy of the III Reich
between 1934 and 1937.
329
00:26:55,840 --> 00:26:59,840
The Nuremberg trials of 1946 will declare
him innocent.
330
00:27:00,280 --> 00:27:05,920
From 1945 Hjalmar Schacht becomes a kind
of totem once again,
331
00:27:06,000 --> 00:27:09,680
an economic figure of a new Germany
332
00:27:10,320 --> 00:27:14,120
rising from the ashes of World War II.
333
00:27:14,200 --> 00:27:18,280
He founded a bank, becomes an important
businessman
334
00:27:18,360 --> 00:27:23,240
and its called to have a significant
responsibility
335
00:27:23,320 --> 00:27:26,560
and influence in the coming years of Otto
Skorzeny's life.
336
00:27:28,320 --> 00:27:32,120
In a short time Skorzeny becomes the
middleman
337
00:27:32,200 --> 00:27:34,560
between the largest German companies,
338
00:27:34,880 --> 00:27:39,720
Krupp, Messermitch, Thyssen� and the
Spanish administration.
339
00:27:42,360 --> 00:27:44,680
From that privileged position,
340
00:27:44,760 --> 00:27:47,800
he plays an important role in the
framework
341
00:27:47,880 --> 00:27:51,360
of the Spanish-United States agreement
signed in 1953,
342
00:27:51,440 --> 00:27:54,160
an agreement that establishes the
construction
343
00:27:54,240 --> 00:27:56,840
of the U.S.A. military bases in Spain.
344
00:27:58,760 --> 00:28:02,000
Then he immediately sees another
opportunity
345
00:28:02,080 --> 00:28:07,520
and goes below the surface of these deals
346
00:28:07,600 --> 00:28:11,120
so he accomplishes that German companies
linked to the Nazis
347
00:28:11,200 --> 00:28:14,360
could make business in the construction of
these bases,
348
00:28:14,440 --> 00:28:17,960
Rota, Mor�n, Saragossa, etc. No?
349
00:28:19,880 --> 00:28:22,200
Foreign press correspondents,
350
00:28:22,280 --> 00:28:24,600
representatives of agencies and Spanish
informants
351
00:28:24,680 --> 00:28:26,880
find out on the field and through previous
explanations
352
00:28:26,960 --> 00:28:29,720
by the head of the North American mission
General Kissner
353
00:28:29,800 --> 00:28:32,680
the state in which the works of the
Torrej�n de Ardoz air base
354
00:28:32,760 --> 00:28:35,560
Skorzeny had contracts with the American
government,
355
00:28:35,640 --> 00:28:39,040
to the US Air Forces contract agencies,
356
00:28:39,120 --> 00:28:41,800
and those documents are in his papers.
357
00:28:43,080 --> 00:28:48,000
It�s seems paradoxical that a former
member of the Waffen SS
358
00:28:48,080 --> 00:28:51,280
goes on to become the great fixer for the
German companies
359
00:28:51,360 --> 00:28:53,400
to build the USA bases in Spain.
360
00:28:55,840 --> 00:28:59,600
From then on, Skorzeny�s businesses
diversify
361
00:29:00,240 --> 00:29:03,680
and internationalize, growing
exponentially.
362
00:29:04,960 --> 00:29:08,520
Arms dealer, steel� All kinds of
businesses,
363
00:29:08,600 --> 00:29:11,520
Otto Skorzeny sold mink coats
364
00:29:11,600 --> 00:29:13,600
and could be selling weapons to Greece.
365
00:29:13,680 --> 00:29:16,400
He travelled the most during the first
couple of years.
366
00:29:17,040 --> 00:29:22,400
To Luanda, to Egypt, Argentina, Paraguay.
367
00:29:22,760 --> 00:29:25,640
He had an import and export company,
368
00:29:25,720 --> 00:29:28,320
but many things fall into that category.
369
00:29:28,880 --> 00:29:31,800
It was said at the time that Spain
370
00:29:32,360 --> 00:29:35,080
was selling weapons to South Africa
371
00:29:35,160 --> 00:29:38,400
on the black market through Skorzeny.
372
00:29:38,760 --> 00:29:41,880
I asked him: Are you selling weapons?
And he said �no�.
373
00:29:42,560 --> 00:29:45,200
If that was true or not is another story
374
00:29:46,280 --> 00:29:49,400
Money flows in large quantities.
375
00:29:50,120 --> 00:29:53,680
He had many bank accounts
in many countries�
376
00:29:53,920 --> 00:29:56,680
in the United States
at the Chase Manhattan Bank,
377
00:29:56,760 --> 00:30:00,360
in Panama, in Switzerland,
in Germany at the Commerce Bank�
378
00:30:00,600 --> 00:30:04,840
we discovered a book
that Otto kept with the current accounts
379
00:30:04,920 --> 00:30:07,360
between the 50�s and 60�s,
380
00:30:08,440 --> 00:30:12,800
all the movements
appear with all the people
381
00:30:12,920 --> 00:30:15,200
with whom he earned money,
382
00:30:15,280 --> 00:30:18,800
that is to say arms dealers,
cattle, Nazis,
383
00:30:19,000 --> 00:30:22,400
Spanish politicians,
there was everything�
384
00:30:24,160 --> 00:30:26,760
His frequent trips allow him to interact
385
00:30:26,840 --> 00:30:29,280
with the great political figures
of the time:
386
00:30:29,400 --> 00:30:34,440
Gamal Abdel Nasser,
Alfredo Stroessner, Juan Domingo Per�n
387
00:30:35,520 --> 00:30:40,000
With Per�n he carries out important
business in Argentina and Madrid.
388
00:30:40,640 --> 00:30:44,360
Per�n set up a company called TERMU
here in Madrid.
389
00:30:44,440 --> 00:30:47,120
At Per�n's own home in Puerta de Hierro,
390
00:30:47,280 --> 00:30:50,880
Skorzeny would suddenly arrive
391
00:30:50,960 --> 00:30:54,720
with a series of artefacts in cases,
392
00:30:54,800 --> 00:30:58,040
and they were modern weapons
393
00:30:58,200 --> 00:31:01,320
that he had brought to hand over
or show to Per�n,
394
00:31:01,400 --> 00:31:03,320
so that he could give his approval
395
00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:07,120
and together they talked over
the functionality of the weapons.
396
00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:11,280
**
397
00:31:11,800 --> 00:31:16,040
Skorzeny�s proximity to Per�n
spreads the rumor
398
00:31:16,120 --> 00:31:19,640
of a possible love affair
between Skorzeny and Eva Per�n,
399
00:31:19,720 --> 00:31:22,520
something that has never been proven.
400
00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:28,640
As he was so braggart and so show-off
and he was so peculiar
401
00:31:28,760 --> 00:31:32,560
he liked to brag that he had no choice but
to sleep with Eva
402
00:31:32,640 --> 00:31:38,360
because he was very worried
about her unplanned trip to Geneva
403
00:31:38,440 --> 00:31:43,320
as he was concerned of what she might
be doing with the money
404
00:31:43,400 --> 00:31:46,720
that the Nazis had deposited in Geneva�
405
00:31:46,800 --> 00:31:51,160
It is worrying because,
how would Eva Per�n have access
406
00:31:51,240 --> 00:31:53,960
to the accounts the Nazis had in Geneva?
407
00:31:54,080 --> 00:31:57,520
This leaves another unsolved mystery.
408
00:32:22,640 --> 00:32:24,840
1944.
409
00:32:26,440 --> 00:32:30,920
Mikl�s Horthy ruler of Hungary,
an allied country of Germany,
410
00:32:31,000 --> 00:32:33,120
plans to surrender to the Soviets
411
00:32:33,200 --> 00:32:35,600
in the face of their steady progress
in the East.
412
00:32:37,000 --> 00:32:39,360
Hitler decides to put a stop to the plan
413
00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:42,360
by entrusting a shock operation to whom,
414
00:32:42,440 --> 00:32:45,080
after Mussolini�s successful rescue,
415
00:32:45,160 --> 00:32:47,800
he considers his favorite action man:
416
00:32:47,880 --> 00:32:49,720
Otto Skorzeny.
417
00:32:51,480 --> 00:32:55,240
There�s admiration from both sides,
that of Skorzeny for Hitler,
418
00:32:55,320 --> 00:32:59,080
and, in some way thereafter,
that of Hitler for Skorzeny.
419
00:32:59,160 --> 00:33:02,640
Everyone realizes, in the SS as well,
420
00:33:02,720 --> 00:33:06,680
that for any high-stakes
special operation,
421
00:33:06,760 --> 00:33:08,760
Hitler says: "Bring me Skorzeny."
422
00:33:10,200 --> 00:33:13,400
Skorzeny acts fast in Hungary.
423
00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:15,720
After kidnapping
Admiral Horthy�s youngest son,
424
00:33:15,800 --> 00:33:18,480
he takes the Buda Palace with his troops.
425
00:33:18,920 --> 00:33:21,720
The regent is forced to resign.
426
00:33:22,760 --> 00:33:24,720
With the resignation of Horthy
427
00:33:24,800 --> 00:33:28,480
there is a change of government
in favor of the Arrow Cross Party,
428
00:33:28,560 --> 00:33:33,040
the Hungarian fascist party,
an extremely radical party
429
00:33:33,160 --> 00:33:36,160
whose rise to power in Hungary means
430
00:33:36,240 --> 00:33:38,440
nothing less
than the deportation to Auschwitz
431
00:33:38,520 --> 00:33:41,560
of more than 200.000 Jews
residents in Hungary,
432
00:33:41,640 --> 00:33:43,720
particularly in the city of Budapest.
433
00:34:06,840 --> 00:34:09,120
December 1944,
434
00:34:09,320 --> 00:34:12,520
the war leans clearly
in favor of the Allies.
435
00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:16,080
In a final attempt to change
the course of the conflict,
436
00:34:16,159 --> 00:34:19,880
Germany launches a major offensive
in the Ardennes.
437
00:34:23,520 --> 00:34:26,080
Skorzeny is entrusted
with a special mission:
438
00:34:26,400 --> 00:34:31,960
to create a combat unit,
an armored brigade,
439
00:34:32,040 --> 00:34:33,800
the 150th,
440
00:34:34,159 --> 00:34:38,920
made up of captured enemy tanks,
441
00:34:39,199 --> 00:34:45,159
to make believe
that his unit are USA soldiers.
442
00:34:46,239 --> 00:34:50,000
The mission, codenamed Operation Greiff,
443
00:34:50,080 --> 00:34:55,920
is to infiltrate the Allied lines
in order to create maximum confusion.
444
00:34:56,920 --> 00:35:00,240
They manage to divert a whole battalion
445
00:35:00,320 --> 00:35:04,200
by changing road-crossing signals.
446
00:35:04,440 --> 00:35:07,400
They created so much fear,
447
00:35:07,520 --> 00:35:13,280
that to say German commandos
behind our lines and Skorzeny
448
00:35:13,360 --> 00:35:16,480
resulted in absolute chaos,
it was blood chilling.
449
00:35:19,960 --> 00:35:25,720
An American journalist claimed
that there was an operation underway
450
00:35:25,800 --> 00:35:28,600
organized by Hitler,
to assassinate Eisenhower.
451
00:35:29,040 --> 00:35:31,920
So I asked him: �well,
and that was possible?� and he said:
452
00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:34,280
"It would have been difficult but such
an action
453
00:35:34,360 --> 00:35:36,920
is always possible,
but I was not ordered to do it.�
454
00:35:37,400 --> 00:35:41,520
He was already so feared an so well known
455
00:35:42,360 --> 00:35:45,640
that just the fact that his commandos
456
00:35:45,720 --> 00:35:48,000
were involved in the attack
457
00:35:48,080 --> 00:35:52,560
created a panic in the headquarters
of General Eisenhower in Paris.
458
00:35:54,560 --> 00:35:57,960
Eisenhower
is held by his own troops in Paris
459
00:35:58,040 --> 00:35:59,760
to ensure his own safety.
460
00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:04,560
It is at that time that North Americans
baptize Skorzeny
461
00:36:04,680 --> 00:36:07,680
as "the most dangerous man in Europe."
462
00:36:13,160 --> 00:36:17,120
It was a good idea,
but in reality it didn�t help much.
463
00:36:17,200 --> 00:36:20,320
From Skorzeny�s group
around 20 were executed,
464
00:36:20,840 --> 00:36:24,440
they were shot immediately,
for wearing American uniforms
465
00:36:24,520 --> 00:36:26,600
the war laws dictated that
466
00:36:26,680 --> 00:36:29,080
it was an offense punishable with death.
467
00:36:31,720 --> 00:36:38,240
December 23rd 1944. Skorzeny�s soldiers
execution.
468
00:36:51,880 --> 00:36:56,280
The Battle of the Bulge ends with another
German defeat.
469
00:36:56,600 --> 00:36:59,200
The end of the war is near.
470
00:37:03,400 --> 00:37:05,840
Among the senior Nazi officials,
471
00:37:05,920 --> 00:37:09,920
concern begins to spread about their
uncertain future.
472
00:37:27,800 --> 00:37:29,960
South America will become the main refuge
473
00:37:30,040 --> 00:37:32,440
for the most high-profile Nazi criminals.
474
00:37:34,680 --> 00:37:36,000
Strangely enough,
475
00:37:36,080 --> 00:37:39,520
it is also one of Skorzeny's favorite
travel destinations.
476
00:37:40,160 --> 00:37:42,040
His frequent visits to the region
477
00:37:42,120 --> 00:37:45,040
allow him to reunite with old fugitive
comrades.
478
00:37:46,520 --> 00:37:48,680
I think he knew where they all were.
479
00:37:49,520 --> 00:37:52,040
Karl Heinz Mende, is Mengele.
480
00:37:52,560 --> 00:37:54,880
He appears in the file as Karl Heinz
Mende.
481
00:37:58,640 --> 00:38:04,000
There is a document that shows that in
early 1967
482
00:38:04,240 --> 00:38:08,560
Skorzeny knew Klaus Barbie�s full address.
483
00:38:12,680 --> 00:38:15,680
Klaus Barbie. Head of the Gestapo in
France.
484
00:38:15,760 --> 00:38:20,320
Responsible for the murder of thousands of
Jews and members of the French Resistance.
485
00:38:20,400 --> 00:38:23,040
Wanted for decades, he was tried in France
in 1983
486
00:38:23,120 --> 00:38:26,800
and sentenced to life imprisonment.
487
00:38:29,760 --> 00:38:34,240
Skorzeny and Klaus Barbie�s friendship
lasts for many years,
488
00:38:34,320 --> 00:38:38,280
with frequent meetings in South America
and in Spain.
489
00:38:38,920 --> 00:38:42,880
There is a photo of them dressed as women,
490
00:38:42,960 --> 00:38:46,920
it is truly amazing!
491
00:38:47,880 --> 00:38:52,120
The photos prove it, that the level of
confidence of the two was evident,
492
00:38:52,200 --> 00:38:55,800
because a person does not photograph
himself dressed as a woman�
493
00:38:55,880 --> 00:39:00,040
two Nazis with everything that was
supposed
494
00:39:00,120 --> 00:39:03,240
to be their institution dressed as a
woman,
495
00:39:03,320 --> 00:39:08,000
one a wanted criminal and the other with
Franco.
496
00:39:11,520 --> 00:39:15,120
Another of Skorzeny�s sinister friendships
in South America
497
00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:17,920
is that with Adolf Eichmann.
498
00:39:20,160 --> 00:39:22,480
Adolf Eichmann. Considered as one of the
main architects
499
00:39:22,560 --> 00:39:24,520
of the so-called "Final Solution",
500
00:39:24,600 --> 00:39:27,320
he was one of the most wanted Nazi
criminals.
501
00:39:27,400 --> 00:39:30,560
Kidnapped by MOSSAD in Argentina,
502
00:39:30,640 --> 00:39:34,400
he was tried and sentenced
to death in Israel in 1961.
503
00:39:37,120 --> 00:39:40,240
Skorzeny always
denied any connection to him,
504
00:39:40,320 --> 00:39:43,880
but it was Eichmann himself
who confessed that they knew each other,
505
00:39:43,960 --> 00:39:45,840
during his trial in Jerusalem.
506
00:39:49,440 --> 00:39:53,440
I met Sassen without realizing it,
507
00:39:53,520 --> 00:39:58,360
during Skorzeny�s visit to Buenos Aires.
508
00:40:27,080 --> 00:40:30,360
The boom of Skorzeny�s businesses
allows him
509
00:40:30,440 --> 00:40:33,600
to acquire numerous real estate
properties.
510
00:40:35,440 --> 00:40:36,840
On the island of Mallorca
511
00:40:36,920 --> 00:40:40,160
he proceeds to buy a house in a privileged
place:
512
00:40:40,240 --> 00:40:43,320
Es Morer Vermell, in the borough of
Alcudia.
513
00:40:43,640 --> 00:40:48,040
After renovations it will become his
summer holiday home.
514
00:40:50,160 --> 00:40:55,240
Spain was an exotic paradise for me.
515
00:40:55,920 --> 00:40:59,720
The house in Mallorca was next to the sea
516
00:41:00,440 --> 00:41:06,200
It was a very nice house
and more than enough
517
00:41:06,280 --> 00:41:13,280
for our needs but it was not luxurious.
518
00:41:20,960 --> 00:41:26,200
When visiting my father in Mallorca,
519
00:41:26,280 --> 00:41:31,360
we always went to swim in the sea.
520
00:41:37,720 --> 00:41:41,040
Skorzeny's contact with the locals is
minimal.
521
00:41:41,120 --> 00:41:43,640
His attempt, together with a neighbor,
522
00:41:43,720 --> 00:41:45,200
to privatize a part of the shore
523
00:41:45,280 --> 00:41:48,040
angers the local population.
524
00:41:51,640 --> 00:41:53,720
The Majorcan painter Jaume Poma,
525
00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:55,880
a teenager at that time,
526
00:41:55,960 --> 00:41:58,320
remembers those troubled moments.
527
00:42:00,280 --> 00:42:02,760
We all came to swim here
528
00:42:02,840 --> 00:42:05,720
and one day found some barriers here and
over there.
529
00:42:05,800 --> 00:42:09,320
They wanted to stop our access to the
place
530
00:42:09,400 --> 00:42:11,920
where we had learned to swim, and our
parents before us,
531
00:42:12,000 --> 00:42:14,720
and of course that threatened our roots
and history here.
532
00:42:15,720 --> 00:42:17,160
That evening I came to swim,
533
00:42:17,720 --> 00:42:21,560
and I went around the rocks because we
couldn�t get through the barrier.
534
00:42:22,320 --> 00:42:26,840
I left my bicycle here and he suddenly he
appeared out of nowhere
535
00:42:26,920 --> 00:42:30,200
grabbed the bike and threw it into the
sea, without saying a word.
536
00:42:31,440 --> 00:42:33,320
I retrieved the bicycle and left,
terrified,
537
00:42:33,720 --> 00:42:39,120
because I was just a boy and he was a
burly man.
538
00:42:41,960 --> 00:42:43,200
Faced with this situation,
539
00:42:43,280 --> 00:42:46,400
the Mallorcan neighbors began a series of
protests.
540
00:42:49,680 --> 00:42:52,200
They set the barriers on fire.
541
00:42:52,280 --> 00:42:55,840
One night someone doused them with petrol
and set them alight.
542
00:42:55,920 --> 00:43:00,040
We did various things in protest...
543
00:43:23,360 --> 00:43:26,640
Spring 1945.
544
00:43:28,200 --> 00:43:30,760
The final days of the war.
545
00:43:32,120 --> 00:43:35,480
After some defense operations around the
Oder River,
546
00:43:35,560 --> 00:43:37,880
Skorzeny decorates his men with medals
547
00:43:37,960 --> 00:43:41,440
and moves to the alpine region of
Berchtesgaden.
548
00:43:44,560 --> 00:43:49,640
In this area, very close to Hitler's
residence "The Eagle's Nest",
549
00:43:49,720 --> 00:43:51,640
investigations show
550
00:43:51,720 --> 00:43:57,480
that an important part
of Nazi treasure was hidden.
551
00:43:58,920 --> 00:44:01,840
Skorzeny doesn�t tell the whole truth
in his memoirs,
552
00:44:01,920 --> 00:44:05,120
he writes that he goes to the alpine
refuge,
553
00:44:05,200 --> 00:44:07,640
finds no one there and surrenders.
554
00:44:07,720 --> 00:44:09,680
The documents in the collection do not say
that,
555
00:44:09,760 --> 00:44:11,960
nor do those of the CIA.
556
00:44:15,800 --> 00:44:21,520
He disappears for 9 days, an important
lapse of time,
557
00:44:21,600 --> 00:44:23,760
because what he does is to organize
himself,
558
00:44:23,840 --> 00:44:25,720
where to hide the money,
559
00:44:25,800 --> 00:44:30,000
the assets and then prepare the escape.
560
00:44:34,160 --> 00:44:39,080
Did Otto Skorzeny have access to Nazi
loot?
561
00:44:39,160 --> 00:44:41,360
Well, the first thing to say
562
00:44:41,440 --> 00:44:44,160
is that there were an awful lot of Nazi
loot
563
00:44:44,240 --> 00:44:48,200
which existed in the Alpenfestung at that
time
564
00:44:48,280 --> 00:44:51,800
and it was brought there indirectly by
Ernst Kaltenbrunner.
565
00:44:58,840 --> 00:45:00,400
And it is Skorzeny
566
00:45:00,480 --> 00:45:04,120
who is responsible for managing those
funds when Kaltenbrunner,
567
00:45:04,200 --> 00:45:05,720
let�s say, disappears.
568
00:45:07,960 --> 00:45:11,840
Hidden in the mountains, Skorzeny rethinks
his future
569
00:45:11,920 --> 00:45:13,760
and goes over his short-term options.
570
00:45:14,840 --> 00:45:17,560
He is well-known to the Allies,
571
00:45:17,640 --> 00:45:21,120
who make of him one of the most wanted
Nazis.
572
00:45:22,840 --> 00:45:25,640
Skorzeny was a very wanted man at the end
of the war,
573
00:45:25,720 --> 00:45:29,040
and the Allies were very eager to get
their hands on him,
574
00:45:29,120 --> 00:45:32,440
and they put together a number of �wanted�
posters
575
00:45:32,520 --> 00:45:36,240
with his picture and information about
him,
576
00:45:36,320 --> 00:45:37,960
his height, weight,
577
00:45:38,040 --> 00:45:40,440
all of this and also the descript ion of
some of his capabilities,
578
00:45:40,520 --> 00:45:42,440
one even says �assassin�.
579
00:45:46,400 --> 00:45:50,200
Finally Skorzeny decides to hand himself
over to the Allied troops
580
00:45:50,280 --> 00:45:55,240
on the same day of the German surrender on
the 8th of May 1945.
581
00:45:58,080 --> 00:46:00,440
Interned in different prison camps,
582
00:46:00,520 --> 00:46:03,520
he is interrogated by the US military.
583
00:46:07,800 --> 00:46:11,400
Did you take part
in Mussolini�s liberation in 1943?
584
00:46:11,480 --> 00:46:15,320
Yes. Mussolini had been captured
585
00:46:15,400 --> 00:46:20,000
and I freed him.
586
00:46:20,400 --> 00:46:24,000
In September 1943.
587
00:46:33,000 --> 00:46:36,480
This is the beginning
of a new chapter in Skorzeny�s life,
588
00:46:36,560 --> 00:46:40,920
as a spy at the service of his former
enemies.
589
00:46:55,800 --> 00:46:59,480
The end of World War II and the very
beginning of the Cold War
590
00:46:59,560 --> 00:47:01,640
will result in strange alliances
591
00:47:01,720 --> 00:47:04,040
that would have unimaginable a few months
earlier.
592
00:47:05,720 --> 00:47:07,000
Officially they were enemies
593
00:47:07,080 --> 00:47:11,400
but they were also valuable pieces in the
great silent battle
594
00:47:11,480 --> 00:47:13,560
that was taking shape with the USSR.
595
00:47:14,200 --> 00:47:17,480
And this largely explains what happened
next with Skorzeny:
596
00:47:17,560 --> 00:47:21,240
He was persecuted, put on trial, and held
in a prisoner-of-war camp
597
00:47:21,320 --> 00:47:23,360
but he never set foot in jail.
598
00:47:28,960 --> 00:47:34,840
The Office of Strategic Services, the
predecessor to the CIA,
599
00:47:34,920 --> 00:47:38,080
had a special interest in recruiting
scientists,
600
00:47:38,160 --> 00:47:42,400
military and intelligence personnel from
the defeated Nazi ranks.
601
00:47:43,920 --> 00:47:46,280
So general Donovan,
602
00:47:46,360 --> 00:47:48,240
the head of the OSS at the end of the war,
603
00:47:48,320 --> 00:47:50,680
was particularly interested in finding
604
00:47:50,760 --> 00:47:52,760
and talking to Skorzeny,
605
00:47:53,040 --> 00:47:55,040
because of his capabilities.
606
00:47:57,880 --> 00:48:00,400
There are many indications and links
607
00:48:00,480 --> 00:48:01,880
that suggest that Skorzeny
608
00:48:01,960 --> 00:48:05,760
was recruited at some point by the OSS or
the CIA itself.
609
00:48:05,840 --> 00:48:10,520
He meets with several very high ranking
members of American intelligence
610
00:48:10,600 --> 00:48:12,920
and it is believed that at some point in
time
611
00:48:13,000 --> 00:48:16,360
they do approach him about doing work for
the American government.
612
00:48:17,880 --> 00:48:21,760
The North American interest in Skorzeny is
made clear
613
00:48:21,840 --> 00:48:27,080
in the two trials he faced in Dachau in
1947.
614
00:48:32,600 --> 00:48:37,960
Surprisingly, various Allied officials
testify in his defense.
615
00:48:38,720 --> 00:48:40,960
British commander Yeo-Thomas,
616
00:48:41,040 --> 00:48:44,480
a surviving war hero of the Buchenwald
concentration camp,
617
00:48:44,560 --> 00:48:46,760
is one of them.
618
00:48:46,960 --> 00:48:48,640
It�s begs a question,
619
00:48:48,720 --> 00:48:53,680
how could this man who was brutally
tortured by the Gestapo,
620
00:48:53,760 --> 00:48:56,200
come to the defense of an SS officer?
621
00:48:56,280 --> 00:49:01,040
I believe Yeo Thomas was under orders
622
00:49:01,120 --> 00:49:04,320
to help along several others
during the trial of Skorzeny
623
00:49:04,520 --> 00:49:07,560
to make sure he was declared innocent
624
00:49:07,640 --> 00:49:10,880
and began his processing
as an intelligence
625
00:49:10,960 --> 00:49:13,280
and operations asset of the West.
626
00:49:13,880 --> 00:49:16,320
Skorzeny is acquitted of all charges
627
00:49:16,400 --> 00:49:22,760
and sent to the Darmstadt prison camp
for a "denazification" process,
628
00:49:24,080 --> 00:49:27,520
an order that he will dodge by escaping.
629
00:49:29,960 --> 00:49:31,720
From that moment on
630
00:49:31,800 --> 00:49:35,960
Skorzeny becomes
an asset of the US secret services
631
00:49:36,040 --> 00:49:38,800
with whom he will continue working
from Spain.
632
00:49:44,520 --> 00:49:48,960
The Western Allies
wanted to build up Western Germany
633
00:49:49,040 --> 00:49:51,240
as a bulwark against communism.
634
00:49:51,840 --> 00:49:56,720
The problem was that so many Germans
had participated in crimes,
635
00:49:56,880 --> 00:50:01,120
so many people had been in the Nazi party
or served the Nazis,
636
00:50:01,200 --> 00:50:04,240
people who had high posts
in the government,
637
00:50:04,320 --> 00:50:07,680
in the judiciary,
many judges were Nazis�
638
00:50:07,760 --> 00:50:09,600
that�s the reality.
639
00:50:10,040 --> 00:50:13,560
Politics, everything is politics,
this is the problem.
640
00:50:13,640 --> 00:50:17,320
Justice can�t exist
where politics dominates.
641
00:50:32,800 --> 00:50:36,760
After investigating an untouched part
of the Skorzeny Papers,
642
00:50:36,840 --> 00:50:40,320
Ralph Ganis
formulates a surprising new hypothesis
643
00:50:40,400 --> 00:50:43,720
on the relationship
between Skorzeny and the CIA.
644
00:50:44,440 --> 00:50:48,520
The documents clearly showed
that the network Skorzeny is connected to
645
00:50:48,600 --> 00:50:52,080
is the network that carried out
the assassination of president Kennedy.
646
00:50:54,240 --> 00:50:56,920
We do know that Skorzeny had connections
647
00:50:57,000 --> 00:50:59,240
who were in the right place
at the right time
648
00:50:59,320 --> 00:51:01,280
during the Kennedy assassination
649
00:51:01,360 --> 00:51:04,840
and immediately before hand,
and he certainly
650
00:51:04,920 --> 00:51:08,600
would have the capability
to have put operatives in place.
651
00:51:09,280 --> 00:51:15,320
The bottom line is the Skorzeny network
is connected to the Kennedy assassination,
652
00:51:15,400 --> 00:51:18,920
does this mean Skorzeny carried out
the assassination?
653
00:51:19,280 --> 00:51:20,200
No.
654
00:51:26,440 --> 00:51:30,000
I think the answer does lie
in the Skorzeny Papers themselves,
655
00:51:30,560 --> 00:51:33,240
there are still so many handwritten notes,
656
00:51:33,320 --> 00:51:36,920
business documents, financial transactions
that have not been explored
657
00:51:37,400 --> 00:51:40,040
and I think they are the stepping stone
to figuring out
658
00:51:40,120 --> 00:51:44,920
what these connections really were
and how deeply involved he was.
659
00:51:51,760 --> 00:51:56,440
The CIA will not be the only secret
service for which Skorzeny will work.
660
00:51:56,800 --> 00:52:02,080
In 1958, Gamal Abdel Nasser,
President of Egypt,
661
00:52:02,280 --> 00:52:06,040
launches a medium-distance rocket
development program.
662
00:52:07,040 --> 00:52:12,040
For this, it seeks
the cooperation of Nazi scientists.
663
00:52:12,560 --> 00:52:18,960
Skorzeny was the one who helped recruit
German scientist and engineers
664
00:52:19,520 --> 00:52:22,640
to come to Egypt and to set up,
665
00:52:22,720 --> 00:52:26,120
established a program
to build ballistic missiles
666
00:52:26,360 --> 00:52:27,960
to destroy Israel.
667
00:52:28,720 --> 00:52:32,240
Faced with the obvious threat,
the Israeli government orders
668
00:52:32,320 --> 00:52:36,240
its secret services
to deactivate Nasser�s missile program.
669
00:52:36,440 --> 00:52:43,440
In 1962, MOSSAD started an operation
under the codename "Damocles."
670
00:52:44,320 --> 00:52:45,680
Israel knows
671
00:52:45,760 --> 00:52:49,040
that they can only reach the men
at the Egyptian rearmament program,
672
00:52:49,120 --> 00:52:52,440
who are Germans, through someone whom
he Germans will absolutely trust.
673
00:52:52,800 --> 00:52:56,200
And who better than Skorzeny,
who had recruited them?
674
00:53:11,760 --> 00:53:16,320
Israeli journalist Yossy Melman,
expert in security and intelligence,
675
00:53:16,400 --> 00:53:19,480
has investigated the connection
between Skorzeny with MOSSAD.
676
00:53:19,560 --> 00:53:24,440
I heard about Otto Skorzeny
thirty years ago.
677
00:53:24,680 --> 00:53:27,960
It stroke me that it was very cynical
678
00:53:28,040 --> 00:53:30,800
how the Mossad could work with the Nazis,
679
00:53:30,880 --> 00:53:34,160
so I began a slow research about it
680
00:53:34,520 --> 00:53:38,640
to realize
what exactly Skorzeny was doing.
681
00:53:38,920 --> 00:53:44,040
One of the Mossad agents involved
in the operation is Rafi Eitan.
682
00:53:45,520 --> 00:53:48,760
Rafi Eitan, former MOSSAD agent
and former Israeli government minister.
683
00:53:48,840 --> 00:53:50,840
He took part
in Adolf Eichmann�s kidnapping
684
00:53:50,920 --> 00:53:53,280
in Argentina and recruited Otto Skorzeny.
685
00:53:53,440 --> 00:53:56,320
I did interview Rafi Eitan,
686
00:53:56,400 --> 00:53:59,560
he told me that in the early 60�s
687
00:53:59,640 --> 00:54:03,040
he had made contact with Skorzeny
in Madrid,
688
00:54:04,120 --> 00:54:06,920
that he went with another officer
of the Mossad
689
00:54:07,000 --> 00:54:10,240
and that they poised as NATO officers
690
00:54:10,520 --> 00:54:15,320
and that they went in
and had a conversation with Skorzeny.
691
00:54:15,760 --> 00:54:18,160
Mossad offered him,
692
00:54:18,720 --> 00:54:23,480
guaranteed him freedom
from persecution or prosecution
693
00:54:24,120 --> 00:54:26,720
and in fact the Israel�s Prime Minister
694
00:54:26,800 --> 00:54:29,280
had signed a document to that effect,
695
00:54:29,360 --> 00:54:31,640
the Prime Minister at the time.
696
00:54:36,920 --> 00:54:42,720
Given the recent arrest and execution
of Adolf Eichmann in Israel,
697
00:54:42,800 --> 00:54:45,320
Skorzeny chooses to assure
its own personal safety
698
00:54:45,400 --> 00:54:46,840
accepting the MOSSAD offer.
699
00:54:54,440 --> 00:54:57,920
To carry out his research Yossi Melman
700
00:54:58,000 --> 00:55:03,600
had access to a part of the MOSSAD
archives in relation to Skorzeny.
701
00:55:04,720 --> 00:55:11,400
They described how Skorzeny was recruited.
702
00:55:11,480 --> 00:55:16,040
How he was brought to Israel for briefing,
703
00:55:16,120 --> 00:55:19,520
training and instructions.
704
00:55:19,600 --> 00:55:24,320
To put an end to the collaboration
of the German scientists with the project,
705
00:55:24,400 --> 00:55:28,280
MOSSAD does not hesitate to resort
to violence with threats,
706
00:55:28,360 --> 00:55:30,880
bomb letters, and even murder
707
00:55:30,960 --> 00:55:33,240
and the suspicious disappearance of key
figures.
708
00:55:33,320 --> 00:55:36,920
Such is the case of scientist Heinz Krug.
709
00:55:37,000 --> 00:55:39,560
Heinz Krug, space engineer.
710
00:55:39,640 --> 00:55:42,520
He worked with Wernher Von Braun
during World War II
711
00:55:42,600 --> 00:55:44,560
in the construction of V2 rockets.
712
00:55:44,880 --> 00:55:48,080
In 1962, he is one of the lead scientists
713
00:55:48,160 --> 00:55:51,880
in the Egyptian rocket
development program.
714
00:55:52,160 --> 00:55:55,160
Krug was on the list of the Mossad,
715
00:55:55,800 --> 00:55:59,640
as one of most dangerous, threatening,
716
00:55:59,720 --> 00:56:05,000
key figures in the Egyptian armament
project,
717
00:56:05,560 --> 00:56:08,440
and the mission of Skorzeny
718
00:56:08,520 --> 00:56:11,160
was to lure him to the meeting place.
719
00:56:11,240 --> 00:56:14,120
Skorzeny was admired by Krug,
720
00:56:14,200 --> 00:56:17,480
he was well known among the German
scientists.
721
00:56:17,560 --> 00:56:21,440
He was the most decorated soldier colonel
in the SS and so on.
722
00:56:25,440 --> 00:56:27,480
According to Melman�s findings
723
00:56:27,560 --> 00:56:32,200
Skorzeny summons Heinz Krug on
September 11th 1962
724
00:56:32,280 --> 00:56:33,960
in a forest on the outskirts of Munich.
725
00:56:35,720 --> 00:56:39,200
Upon arrival Krug is kidnapped by MOSSAD
agents.
726
00:56:40,840 --> 00:56:43,040
They interrogated him,
727
00:56:43,120 --> 00:56:45,400
and I don�t know if they wanted to kill
him or not.
728
00:56:45,480 --> 00:56:47,000
They killed him and they panic
729
00:56:47,080 --> 00:56:49,680
and they went to their Israeli friends and
asked:
730
00:56:49,760 --> 00:56:52,880
please help us to get rid of the body and
he disappeared.
731
00:56:52,960 --> 00:56:56,640
And the matter of fact is that his body
has never been found.
732
00:57:02,120 --> 00:57:06,880
The disappearance of Krug causes alarm
among German scientists.
733
00:57:06,960 --> 00:57:12,960
In early 1965, Egypt is forced
to suspend the rocket program
734
00:57:13,040 --> 00:57:16,080
after many of its researchers
drop out of the project.
735
00:57:17,440 --> 00:57:21,720
One of the questions that I had ask Rafi
Eitan
736
00:57:21,800 --> 00:57:26,200
is how should history remember
Otto Skorzeny?
737
00:57:26,280 --> 00:57:28,760
and his direct response to me was:
738
00:57:28,840 --> 00:57:32,680
History should remember Otto Skorzeny
as a man
739
00:57:32,760 --> 00:57:36,480
who did a great service to the Israeli
defense forces.
740
00:57:43,360 --> 00:57:45,760
Despite his collaboration with Mossad
741
00:57:45,840 --> 00:57:50,600
Skorzeny was always faithful to his
National Socialist ideas.
742
00:57:53,680 --> 00:57:56,440
He will never give away his fugitive Nazi
comrades
743
00:57:56,520 --> 00:58:00,600
or condemn the Holocaust, defending his
actions at all times.
744
00:58:01,640 --> 00:58:03,440
As he stated in this interview
745
00:58:03,520 --> 00:58:07,720
done in front of his Mallorca house in
1973.
746
00:58:10,920 --> 00:58:16,200
I accept the fact that, as is the
obligation of every soldier,
747
00:58:16,280 --> 00:58:21,400
I helped to prolong the war by carrying
out orders.
748
00:58:23,320 --> 00:58:26,400
It will be history that decides if I was
right in doing that�
749
00:58:26,720 --> 00:58:30,200
It may have not passed enough time for it.
750
00:58:31,000 --> 00:58:34,520
But, of course, I do not personally regret
it.
751
00:58:34,600 --> 00:58:37,320
Would you do the same today?
752
00:58:37,400 --> 00:58:42,400
I can assure you that today I would make
exactly the same choices.
753
00:58:50,520 --> 00:58:52,440
I think there is a kind of smoke screen
754
00:58:52,520 --> 00:58:57,040
on which he created a self-tailored
character for himself.
755
00:58:57,120 --> 00:59:01,520
Great special operations, great romantic
adventures and so on,
756
00:59:02,120 --> 00:59:04,480
but he was in the midst of it all,
757
00:59:04,560 --> 00:59:08,120
and he cannot say that he didn�t know the
Jews were being exterminated,
758
00:59:08,200 --> 00:59:12,000
he can�t say that he was unaware of the
essential core
759
00:59:12,080 --> 00:59:15,560
of the Third Reich ideology.
760
00:59:37,160 --> 00:59:39,600
I would be amazed if he didn�t,
761
00:59:39,680 --> 00:59:43,040
if Skorzeny did not know about the death
camps.
762
00:59:43,120 --> 00:59:44,760
He was well placed
763
00:59:44,840 --> 00:59:47,560
and the people like him I�m sure knew.
764
01:00:12,600 --> 01:00:16,160
A heavy smoker throughout his life,
765
01:00:16,240 --> 01:00:18,640
Skorzeny falls ill with cancer by the
mid-70s
766
01:00:18,720 --> 01:00:20,480
and undergoes an operation in Germany.
767
01:00:25,840 --> 01:00:27,400
I visited him
768
01:00:30,560 --> 01:00:34,560
and smoked a cigarette
in front of the open window
769
01:00:34,640 --> 01:00:41,640
and he asked me if he could take a drag,
meaning he was still hooked.
770
01:00:42,400 --> 01:00:44,400
and this is the last time I saw him
771
01:00:44,480 --> 01:00:50,800
because when the treatment
was unsuccessful.
772
01:00:52,240 --> 01:00:56,800
He insisted on returning to Madrid
773
01:00:58,240 --> 01:01:03,080
and he died there shortly after.
774
01:01:04,680 --> 01:01:10,360
Skorzeny dies at his home
in El Viso on July 5, 1975.
775
01:01:13,160 --> 01:01:16,480
Ilse is by his side until the end.
776
01:01:17,840 --> 01:01:21,320
Among the condolences stand out those sent
777
01:01:21,400 --> 01:01:23,080
by many of Franco�s chiefs.
778
01:01:24,320 --> 01:01:29,960
Skorzeny�s cremation in the Almudena
Cemetery, Madrid.
779
01:01:47,960 --> 01:01:52,960
His funeral was absolutely extraordinary.
780
01:01:53,040 --> 01:01:54,920
I mean one commentator has said
781
01:01:55,000 --> 01:01:59,520
you�d probably had never seen
so many Nazis salutes
782
01:01:59,600 --> 01:02:04,360
since the end of the Second World War
as at that funeral.
783
01:02:08,600 --> 01:02:12,560
Of course Skorzeny betrayed
the ethos of Nazi Germany
784
01:02:12,640 --> 01:02:14,720
by working with the Mossad.
785
01:02:15,400 --> 01:02:19,280
But Skorzeny was a gun for hire,
he was a mercenary.
786
01:02:28,320 --> 01:02:30,040
He was one-of-a-kind,
787
01:02:30,200 --> 01:02:33,840
and it�s difficult to put a label on him
but he was certainly a Nazi,
788
01:02:33,920 --> 01:02:35,360
a fervent Nazi,
789
01:02:35,440 --> 01:02:39,240
and was in touch with the worst
of the worst, of course he was.
790
01:02:42,160 --> 01:02:45,760
He is the type of person
that anyone would have liked to meet.
791
01:02:45,840 --> 01:02:51,120
A formidable and unwavering person.
He�s a hero, absolutely.
792
01:02:54,600 --> 01:02:57,600
Otto Skorzeny served a regime
793
01:02:57,800 --> 01:03:02,520
that caused the mass murder
of more people that any other regime
794
01:03:02,600 --> 01:03:04,560
in the history of mankind.
795
01:03:04,640 --> 01:03:08,600
So what do I think of him? I think
he�s a piece of shit, you�ll excuse me.
796
01:03:10,920 --> 01:03:14,840
We have the presence of mind
to recognize that he is a myth,
797
01:03:14,920 --> 01:03:16,720
a German hero,
798
01:03:16,800 --> 01:03:21,160
because if we stick only to the facts,
he is already a legendary character.
799
01:03:22,480 --> 01:03:23,960
He was truly a Nazi.
800
01:03:24,040 --> 01:03:28,680
Enlisting in the SS Adolf Hitler
Leibstandarte, Hitler's friend,
801
01:03:28,760 --> 01:03:32,680
we can�t have the slightest doubt
what character he is,
802
01:03:32,760 --> 01:03:34,400
he is an utter villain.
803
01:03:50,920 --> 01:03:54,720
At his death Skorzeny leaves behind
a significant estate.
804
01:03:57,680 --> 01:04:02,120
He leaves a fortune
of approximately 3 million dollars
805
01:04:02,240 --> 01:04:07,160
deposited in accounts
in different Swiss, German, Spanish,
806
01:04:07,240 --> 01:04:10,160
and American banks. Many properties�
807
01:04:13,360 --> 01:04:18,640
In his will Skorzeny names his wife Ilse
as the sole beneficiary.
808
01:04:20,200 --> 01:04:25,000
She was his confidante, his wife,
the person he trusted the most.
809
01:04:30,720 --> 01:04:36,400
After Skorzeny�s death, Ilse will keep
her husband's important archives.
810
01:04:38,920 --> 01:04:42,400
Shortly before her death,
she gives it to the Pardo family.
811
01:04:43,720 --> 01:04:46,960
Can the archives reveal more surprises?
Of course.
812
01:04:47,080 --> 01:04:52,720
The current owner may have information
that could reveal yet another mystery.
813
01:04:54,720 --> 01:04:59,320
We don't know all the true
of the history of Otto Skorzeny.
814
01:05:00,640 --> 01:05:04,840
The documents that I acquired
I only exploited a part of that history.
815
01:05:06,160 --> 01:05:08,480
There is more to be learned.
816
01:05:26,680 --> 01:05:31,000
I grew up being Skorzeny's daughter.
817
01:05:34,280 --> 01:05:36,800
It doesn't mean anything special to me.
818
01:05:38,040 --> 01:05:43,840
I suspect that the myth of my father
as this great hero
819
01:05:46,400 --> 01:05:50,480
will be forgotten within two generations.
820
01:05:53,480 --> 01:05:57,480
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