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Welcome back.
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Now if you remember let's have something different here so we have unique keys.
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If you remember we have to have a unique keys.
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So let's say this is great and this is a I don't know let's say a basket and we can access basket like
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this if I click Run get one two three.
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But what if we don't know what this dictionary is.
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Maybe a dictionary is something well somewhere else where we can't see but we want to know if this let's
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call this user.
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If this user has maybe property like H So do they have this H key.
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Well if I click Run
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I get an error key error.
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H H doesn't exist but remember errors in our programs and this is something we'll cover later on are
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not good.
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They're going to stop the program as soon as the python interpreters enters an error.
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It's going to kick out of the program and say hey you have an error and it's going to completely ignore
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what's underneath it here we don't have anything but in a real life program we want to avoid these errors
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because it stops execution.
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So another good way to access a key and to see if it even exists is to use dot get and guess what does
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get is did you guess a method.
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Well there you go.
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Dog get is a method on the object or the dictionary in Python.
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So here if we do get age and do run I get none.
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So my program doesn't error.
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It just says hey there is nothing there.
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It's an absence of value.
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And we've learned what none means by now.
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So that's a really nice way to avoid those errors by the way.
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If let's say there's no age in the user but you want to have a default value.
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You can do something like this.
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So you add a comma and then here you say whatever you want as the default value so let's forget that.
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If I click Run I get 55.
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Because now I'm saying Hey grab the h from the user dictionary if age doesn't exist on the user dictionary
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use 55.
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So now we have 55 but if the user already has age and I click Run I get 20.
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So this is Hey in case age doesn't exist at a default value that's really really nice.
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Now I'm going to show you another way to create a dictionary which is not very common in most of the
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time you want to use this syntax but just so you're aware of it.
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Here's another way.
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Let's say we have a new user so User 2.
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I can create here a dictionary by saying dict which again is a built in function.
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And in here look at that.
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It shows me Hey this is going to create a new empty dictionary and we can create different values key
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variable value pairs and we simply say I want the key to equal the value.
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So in my case let's just say that I want the name to equal
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if I now print out user to well before I click Run I see that I have a red underline and by the way
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if you see here pi flakes.
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That's something called linking something we'll talk about when we talk about developer environments.
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We're using this Lintner that tells you whenever you make errors in Python and it says keywords can
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be an expression that just means that hey the keyword needs to be well just a variable that we create.
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So if I click Run here look at that I have name John John so we've create a user with this key value
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pair.
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Now like I said this way of creating dictionaries is not very common.
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Most of the time you'll do something like this but at least now you know that this is why this built
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in function exists I'll see in the next one.
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By.
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