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(orchestra music)
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- [Narrator] Animals shock us
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with the most bizarre appearances.
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Some even look like
they've been dressing up.
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But the weird and wonderful
shapes and colors of nature
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are vital to the animals' lives.
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(birds chirping)
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From racing pigs to super snouts,
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it's time to reveal some of the secrets
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behind these crazy costumes.
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(majestic music)
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Animals wear all manner of costumes,
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some subtle and others extreme.
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Sometimes their disguise
is to help blend in.
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Other times they're designed
to stand out and show off.
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But whether it's a monkey in makeup
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or a salamander's toxic stripes,
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the weird and wonderful outfits
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enable the creature to thrive.
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(parrots squawking)
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Perhaps the kings of color, the parrots,
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seem an obvious place to start.
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The birds dazzling hues are
not all caused by pigment.
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A lot of it is clever
reflection of the light.
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Colors are expensive to produce.
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This way, the birds can avoid using them.
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Bright, vibrant plumage is very attractive
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to a bird of the opposite sex.
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It demonstrates that the
wearer is in good health.
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Parrots, like all birds, see in color
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and they use it to show
off to one another.
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But surprisingly, the main
function of their bold markings
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is camouflage.
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Greens help them blend in to the leaves,
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but even the reds and blues
break up their shapes,
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making them harder for a
predator to spot in the canopy.
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(parrots squawking)
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(slow orchestra music)
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No animal is more famous for
being a master of disguise
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than the chameleon.
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The cryptic lizards hunt
insects and use their knack
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of picking out good colors to
match the surrounding foliage.
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By moving slowly and with gentle rocking,
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they'll appear to the cricket
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as nothing more than a
leave blowing in the wind.
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(chameleon chewing)
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They manipulate their colors by exciting
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two layers of pigment within their skin.
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In their relaxed state, the
pigments reflect mostly green.
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But when the chameleon
gets wound up, for example,
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by a trespasser or an attractive member
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of the opposite sex,
then the pigment cells
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are excited until they reflect
different shades of light.
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This is one animal that
never needs to worry
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about not having enough different outfits.
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One major reason for an
unusual look is to go unseen.
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In the dappled light of
the Amazon rain forest,
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anything wearing a spotted
coat is close to invisible,
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(suspenseful music)
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just what a predator needs
to stalk close to its prey.
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To catch one of these
highly strung animals
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requires a close approach and ambush,
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but the white-lipped
peccaries don't rely too much
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on vision in the thick undergrowth.
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Their long snouts house
powerful scenting machines.
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They can't see the jaguar,
but they catch its scent.
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If he wants pork for supper,
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it will take more than fancy dress.
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Below the Amazon, another
invisibility cloak
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is being deployed.
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You might not recognize this as a turtle.
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Thanks to its cunning
disguise, the mata mata
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blends into the leave litter.
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Fleshy projections on its
body break up its shape.
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Apart from the occasional breath of air,
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all it needs to do is sit and wait.
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(suspenseful music)
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The fish are drawn to the
interesting pile of debris
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that might harbor prey.
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They don't notice the vacuous mouth.
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For the patient reptile, a
camo costume is a surefire win.
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Many marine creatures flaunt fancy looks.
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Most are born to the role,
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but there are a few that
pick out their own outfits.
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Hermit crabs are not born with shells,
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they simply recycle those left
behind by other creatures.
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If they outgrow their
accommodation, they simply upgrade.
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The hard shell keeps
them safe and helps them
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blend in to the rock pool community.
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Some camo gear is so
effective that its owner
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can disappear into the landscape.
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But this more than an invisibility cloak.
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Breeding the arctic, the
eider duck is at the mercy
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of the elements.
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Even in midsummer, snow
flurries are common.
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It can be tough on all the residents.
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But wrapped in her eider
down, she sits it out,
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determined to protect
her eggs from the cold.
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(wind howling)
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In a matter of hours, she's buried,
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but barely seems to notice.
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The snow doesn't last long.
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It melts away and reveals
her, unmoved and unharmed.
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(baby eider ducks chirping)
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She has the ultimate survival suit.
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But if your costume is too good,
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it might draw envious eyes.
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The duck's fluffy under
feathers grown and plucked
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to line her nest and keep her eggs warm
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are much coveted by humans
wanting a warm eider down duvet.
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Normally the duck would
abandon it as soon as
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her clutch hatches, but to people,
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this waste is worth millions.
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The nervous mother watches
as her clutch is placed
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under expert supervision,
while the warm nesting material
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is gathered.
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Luckily, because of its value,
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it's better for down collectors
to avoid harming the ducks,
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wanting to ensure a future harvest.
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The little ones are returned to the mother
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none the worse for wear.
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Eider down is camouflage,
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shelter against the fiercest winters,
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and even waterproofing,
helping these little ones
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keep their heads above water.
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(seagulls squawking)
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Many youngsters are born in camo costumes,
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much needed protection
in a dangerous world,
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but most will quickly
outgrow their birthday suits.
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(gentle music)
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(birds calling)
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The little waders don't just need to grow
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into their hedgehog suits,
but their huge feet as well.
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After a few weeks, all
the baby birds will molt
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into adult plumage.
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It's not just birds.
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Harp seals are dark and mottled
to blend into the sea floor,
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but their pups start out on the ice.
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(seal whining)
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They have thick, white fur,
not only to keep them warm,
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but to make them harder
for predators to spot.
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It's a smart move in
nature to make your babies
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harder to see, though
camouflage only really works
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when they keep still.
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(playful music)
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The spotted fawns and humbug piglets
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will lose their markings in time.
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There are some adult animals that go in
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for a few costume changes as well.
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(wind blowing)
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It's a winter whiteout in the Arctic.
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Here, most animals would
stick out like a sore thumb,
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but a few hearty specialists
have a neat trick.
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The arctic fox has snowy white,
thick, and wind proof fur,
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keeping it warm and well hidden.
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And a cold climate grouse, the ptarmigan,
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uses the same technique
to avoid being seen.
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It even has hairy toes
that act like snow shoes.
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But when the snow disappears,
so too does the ptarmigan's
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white plumage.
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It molts into a mottled
brown-gray that's perfect
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for disappearing against the rocks.
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And tufts of fur are all that's left
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of the fox's white coat.
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His gray summer suit is a
better match for beachcombing.
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These are markings to help
their wearer to blend in
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to its surroundings, but
others use their costumes
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to create spectacle.
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There is no missing this fancy fellow.
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Making a big fuss about your whereabouts
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if you're a small animal
can attract predators.
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But for this amphibian,
it seems better to be seen
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and make a statement.
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The bold markings are
saying come and have a go
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if you think you're heart enough.
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It's a warning that if you
mess with the salamander,
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you might regret it.
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The bold pattern tells of special glands
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hidden in the skin.
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He's deadly, especially
to the small predators
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of the forest.
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The glamorous glands produce
an alkaloid neurotoxin
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that can cause muscle
convulsions and hyperventilation.
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His fancy outfit has another benefit too.
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Living on the forest floor,
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his toxic skin prevents
bacterial or fungal infections.
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He stays looking good and feeling good.
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Though it may not have any
poison to back itself up,
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this toad-headed agama is doing its best
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to look intimidating.
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Like Medusa's hair, his
tail flicks back and forth.
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It's a display of bravado,
warning other males
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to keep off his rock.
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(playful music)
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When someone tries to
set up shop on his patch,
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they're in trouble.
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The intruder leaves, but not
without sending a message.
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At least he's got his home
back and being next to
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an ant colony meant it
was worth taking the fall.
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Many reptiles deploy costume
in their intimidating acts,
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but it's not always the tail.
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Others turn to color.
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Blanford's rock agama dazzles and scares
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with red racing stripes.
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He head bobs in territorial
disputes and any trespasser
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gets the message.
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His girlfriend seems to approve.
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An intimidating display perhaps backed up
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with a poisonous punch is a
good reason to get dressed up.
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When they've hatched from
eggs, caterpillars are destined
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to nothing more than eating
leaves for weeks on end.
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As big, fat, juicy bugs,
they are often eaten
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by all manner of creatures,
but some cover their backs
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with irritating bristles.
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The itchy hairs are enough
to remove most threats.
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The caterpillars that live
long enough will turn into
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00:20:51,860 --> 00:20:56,860
butterflies or moths; in this
case, small emperor moths.
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And now they have a different tactic.
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Large spots on their wings,
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false eyes designed to
confuse and intimidate prey.
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Eye spots are a tried and tested method,
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and when an egg-stealing monitor lizard
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threatens their nest,
dikkops reveal that they too
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have the bold markings.
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Making themselves look as big
an intimidating as possible,
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they work together to
call the monitor's bluff.
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Having the right costume
can really help you
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keep all your eggs in one basket.
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00:22:48,130 --> 00:22:52,280
Some of the most intimidating
displays are related to sex.
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Capercaillies puff
themselves up to look as big
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and as strong as possible.
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They hope to impress
females with their might
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and frighten away any would-be challenger.
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00:23:18,650 --> 00:23:21,450
He piques the female's
interest as he puffs his chest.
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To maximize the theatrical
potential of his costume
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he fills himself full of air.
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The air sacks reverberate,
enhancing his calls.
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If push comes to shove, he can fight
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with his claws and beak,
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00:23:59,450 --> 00:24:01,700
but his outfit is more show than shove.
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00:24:02,860 --> 00:24:06,310
But some headgear designed to
look good to the opposite sex
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can also be used in combat.
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00:24:14,580 --> 00:24:17,880
This stag is in his prime
and the ladies know it.
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With hormones pumping through his body,
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the enraged male warms up
on an unfortunate tree.
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00:24:39,660 --> 00:24:42,670
The intruder is making
moves on his females,
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not something he will tolerate.
248
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(stags calling)
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This is not just a hat for show.
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Antlers are made.
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00:39:03,270 --> 00:39:05,870
Rest of the troop can relax
and quench their thirst.
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And the.
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As many dangers come from above.
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The animals have a useful
accessory themselves.
255
00:40:23,150 --> 00:40:23,983
Their big.
256
00:40:29,820 --> 00:40:30,990
Hard work feeding.
257
00:40:36,950 --> 00:40:38,270
Forage under the sun.
258
00:40:49,423 --> 00:40:50,700
Opposite is true.
259
00:40:51,550 --> 00:40:55,260
Creatures bury away
when the tide goes out.
260
00:40:57,273 --> 00:40:59,023
Outfits are unveiled.
261
00:41:04,750 --> 00:41:06,570
And to show off to each other.
262
00:41:07,820 --> 00:41:09,120
Some have a huge.
263
00:41:13,660 --> 00:41:16,050
Young male fiddler giant claw.
264
00:41:24,170 --> 00:41:26,170
It's the size and color of the claw
265
00:41:26,170 --> 00:41:29,390
that can bring success and
the claw size determines
266
00:41:30,740 --> 00:41:31,573
burrow.
267
00:41:33,040 --> 00:41:35,610
If the glove fits, so will the female.
268
00:41:38,720 --> 00:41:40,710
Burrows and nesting chambers.
269
00:41:54,420 --> 00:41:55,253
Mudskippers.
270
00:42:00,841 --> 00:42:01,810
The tide retreats.
271
00:42:01,810 --> 00:42:03,890
Making their burrows
of mud before beginning
272
00:42:03,890 --> 00:42:05,040
a foraging excursion.
273
00:42:13,171 --> 00:42:15,120
As long as they all stay,
274
00:42:15,120 --> 00:42:15,953
breathe air.
275
00:42:22,830 --> 00:42:25,180
When the best feeding
spots get a bit crowded,
276
00:42:26,190 --> 00:42:27,620
a quick costume change.
277
00:42:33,740 --> 00:42:36,980
Like a, the fins are waved to taunt.
278
00:42:45,950 --> 00:42:49,700
But any trouble, the tide
returns and the fancy fins.
279
00:42:56,670 --> 00:42:59,560
Some creature costumes
are easy to explain,
280
00:42:59,560 --> 00:43:01,390
but others remain a mystery.
281
00:43:07,040 --> 00:43:10,860
Why zebras striped
black and white markings
282
00:43:10,860 --> 00:43:12,410
probably don't help camouflage.
283
00:43:14,403 --> 00:43:15,860
Make it harder for predators to pick out
284
00:43:15,860 --> 00:43:18,040
one individual in the herd.
285
00:43:26,470 --> 00:43:30,210
Help individuals tell one
another when they see.
286
00:43:30,210 --> 00:43:32,050
Species look.
287
00:43:38,060 --> 00:43:40,260
Suggest the eye-straining stripes confuse.
288
00:43:41,770 --> 00:43:43,270
Biting flies from landing.
289
00:43:51,440 --> 00:43:52,480
Even wonder if.
290
00:43:56,480 --> 00:43:57,480
Zebra's temperature.
291
00:44:08,840 --> 00:44:10,980
Whatever the reason, they model
292
00:44:10,980 --> 00:44:13,020
the fanciest outfits on the plains.
293
00:44:17,710 --> 00:44:19,270
Costume building in progress?
294
00:44:27,980 --> 00:44:30,060
In the South American rain forests,
295
00:44:30,060 --> 00:44:33,340
leaf cutter ants look
like mini seamstresses
296
00:44:33,340 --> 00:44:35,865
cutting out dress patterns.
297
00:44:35,865 --> 00:44:38,532
(chiming music)
298
00:44:51,850 --> 00:44:53,810
With remarkable feats of strength,
299
00:44:53,810 --> 00:44:55,570
they carry the sheets which weigh
300
00:44:55,570 --> 00:44:57,880
many tons more than they do,
301
00:45:01,640 --> 00:45:03,970
like tiny yachts all at full mast.
302
00:45:08,710 --> 00:45:11,470
They appear to alarm a lizard who does
303
00:45:11,470 --> 00:45:13,290
some displaying of its own.
304
00:45:39,460 --> 00:45:41,860
But the ants aren't
doing this to look good.
305
00:45:41,860 --> 00:45:44,240
They're farmers harvesting the leaves
306
00:45:45,470 --> 00:45:50,260
to then use to cultivate
fungi, their staple diet.
307
00:45:57,920 --> 00:46:00,000
But there are some animals that seem
308
00:46:00,000 --> 00:46:01,530
to deliberately dress up.
309
00:46:10,730 --> 00:46:13,690
Antler decorations can
make the look bigger
310
00:46:13,690 --> 00:46:15,040
and more intimidating.
311
00:46:31,010 --> 00:46:33,280
Whether the ladies will
be attracted to the weed
312
00:46:33,280 --> 00:46:34,113
remains.
313
00:46:43,860 --> 00:46:48,860
With their skin, tusks,
and, elephants already
314
00:46:49,480 --> 00:46:50,950
look pretty well dressed up.
315
00:46:54,030 --> 00:46:56,890
But in the Namibian
desert, the sun can get
316
00:46:56,890 --> 00:46:58,020
a bit intense.
317
00:46:59,770 --> 00:47:01,600
Perhaps a sun hat will help.
318
00:47:08,101 --> 00:47:11,410
Ways that ellies can get creative
with a spot of face paint.
319
00:47:13,235 --> 00:47:15,220
They are clearly enjoying themselves,
320
00:47:15,220 --> 00:47:18,610
but the mud packs serve to
cool and protect their skin,
321
00:47:18,610 --> 00:47:20,100
and insects at bay.
322
00:47:21,070 --> 00:47:22,790
Might not their wrinkles.
323
00:47:29,620 --> 00:47:32,390
And for the inquisitive
dolphin, almost anything
324
00:47:32,390 --> 00:47:34,410
can become a fancy decoration.
325
00:47:38,570 --> 00:47:41,630
Even enhance his appearance.
326
00:47:47,040 --> 00:47:49,710
This purely for fun.
327
00:48:31,150 --> 00:48:35,090
Animals dress weird,
but throughout the ages,
328
00:48:35,090 --> 00:48:37,260
we too have enjoyed some crazy costumes.
329
00:48:52,210 --> 00:48:54,470
Whether for ritual, religion,
330
00:48:54,470 --> 00:48:56,980
or to celebrate the natural world,
331
00:48:56,980 --> 00:48:58,800
we love getting dressed up.
332
00:48:59,748 --> 00:49:02,665
(ceremonial music)
333
00:49:19,000 --> 00:49:23,420
Do perhaps have the craziest
costumes of them all?
24364
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