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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:07,108 --> 00:00:10,342 EZZ: We are ready to go inside the tomb. 2 00:00:13,814 --> 00:00:17,383 Oh, my God, wow! 3 00:00:18,119 --> 00:00:19,618 NARRATOR: In a newly opened, 4 00:00:19,653 --> 00:00:22,321 3,000-year-old tomb, 5 00:00:22,356 --> 00:00:25,557 archaeologists investigate the last mystery of 6 00:00:25,593 --> 00:00:28,460 the boy king, Tutankhamun. 7 00:00:48,749 --> 00:00:50,482 Wow. 8 00:01:00,861 --> 00:01:03,529 NARRATOR: The Valley of the Kings, 9 00:01:03,564 --> 00:01:06,565 an ancient desert necropolis and, 10 00:01:06,600 --> 00:01:08,467 in the second millennium BC, 11 00:01:08,502 --> 00:01:10,569 the final resting place of the pharaohs 12 00:01:10,604 --> 00:01:13,172 of Egypt's new kingdom. 13 00:01:14,141 --> 00:01:16,075 Here, 100 years ago, 14 00:01:16,110 --> 00:01:17,709 archaeologists made one of 15 00:01:17,745 --> 00:01:20,846 their greatest discoveries ever. 16 00:01:20,881 --> 00:01:24,383 They found the most spectacular treasures ever 17 00:01:24,418 --> 00:01:29,088 recovered from one of the most alluring civilizations in human history: 18 00:01:30,191 --> 00:01:33,459 the lost tomb of Tutankhamun. 19 00:01:35,663 --> 00:01:39,731 Tutankhamun became Egypt's pharaoh at just nine years old. 20 00:01:41,135 --> 00:01:44,169 He died only ten years later. 21 00:01:44,205 --> 00:01:46,939 The boy king and the treasures buried with him 22 00:01:46,974 --> 00:01:50,642 made headlines around the world. 23 00:01:52,279 --> 00:01:55,114 But compared to other pharaoh's tombs, 24 00:01:55,149 --> 00:01:59,318 Tutankhamun's burial chamber is small and poorly decorated. 25 00:02:01,555 --> 00:02:06,225 Why is he buried in such uninspiring surroundings? 26 00:02:06,260 --> 00:02:09,695 What could it reveal about his life? 27 00:02:10,831 --> 00:02:13,499 Now, at sites across Egypt, 28 00:02:13,534 --> 00:02:16,969 we follow teams of archaeologists and investigators, 29 00:02:17,004 --> 00:02:21,273 working to unlock Tutankhamun's last mystery. 30 00:02:21,876 --> 00:02:26,745 OLA: Wow. It's wow, wow, wow, wow. 31 00:02:27,615 --> 00:02:29,848 NARRATOR: Egyptologist, Aliaa Ismail, 32 00:02:29,884 --> 00:02:33,619 has worked in the Valley of the Kings since 2014. 33 00:02:33,654 --> 00:02:38,290 At just 30, she leads a team of fellow Egyptians who, 34 00:02:38,325 --> 00:02:41,460 for the first time ever, are digitally reconstructing the 35 00:02:41,495 --> 00:02:45,264 valley's tombs, and recording them for posterity. 36 00:02:46,433 --> 00:02:49,501 They're searching for clues as to how King Tutankhamun's tomb 37 00:02:49,537 --> 00:02:52,504 was built that might explain the mystery of 38 00:02:52,540 --> 00:02:55,140 his strange burial. 39 00:02:55,176 --> 00:02:59,411 ALIAA: This tomb is very small and you notice that 40 00:02:59,446 --> 00:03:01,246 once you get in. 41 00:03:01,282 --> 00:03:03,215 Also, the figures, they look very different from other 42 00:03:03,250 --> 00:03:05,217 tombs in the valley. 43 00:03:05,252 --> 00:03:09,087 They're almost like child's drawing. 44 00:03:10,191 --> 00:03:13,225 Immediately I can understand that there's something wrong 45 00:03:13,260 --> 00:03:15,827 with this tomb. 46 00:03:16,096 --> 00:03:18,730 NARRATOR: Deep inside the valley of the kings, 47 00:03:18,749 --> 00:03:21,934 tunnels burrow deep into the rock. 48 00:03:21,969 --> 00:03:25,704 In the largest tomb, there are more than 100 chambers. 49 00:03:29,310 --> 00:03:33,545 In the center of the valley lies the most famous tomb of all, 50 00:03:33,581 --> 00:03:36,481 the tomb of Tutankhamun. 51 00:03:37,318 --> 00:03:40,719 It was discovered full of treasures and with a coffin 52 00:03:40,754 --> 00:03:45,424 made of over 240 pounds of solid gold. 53 00:03:45,759 --> 00:03:50,095 But all this was packed into just four tiny rooms. 54 00:03:51,632 --> 00:03:53,498 Archaeologists have studied the tomb for a century, 55 00:03:53,534 --> 00:03:57,336 but it still hasn't given up all of its secrets. 56 00:03:59,440 --> 00:04:01,106 ALIAA: There is certainly something not right 57 00:04:01,141 --> 00:04:02,975 about this tomb. 58 00:04:03,010 --> 00:04:05,477 It's very different from other tombs in the 59 00:04:05,512 --> 00:04:07,779 Valley of the Kings. 60 00:04:13,153 --> 00:04:14,920 NARRATOR: To better understand the strangeness of 61 00:04:14,955 --> 00:04:19,358 Tutankhamun's tomb, Aliaa compares it to a tomb created 62 00:04:19,393 --> 00:04:23,562 less than 50 years after Tutankhamun's burial, 63 00:04:23,597 --> 00:04:27,165 the tomb of Seti I. 64 00:04:30,804 --> 00:04:33,205 Seti's tomb has ten rooms compared to 65 00:04:33,240 --> 00:04:35,807 Tutankhamun's four. 66 00:04:35,843 --> 00:04:39,845 Most of these rooms were likely full of treasures. 67 00:04:39,880 --> 00:04:42,214 They are still lined with stunningly carved 68 00:04:42,249 --> 00:04:44,816 and painted reliefs. 69 00:04:44,852 --> 00:04:49,187 It's spectacular compared to Tutankhamun's. 70 00:04:49,390 --> 00:04:51,857 ALIAA: Here you can see so much work, 71 00:04:51,892 --> 00:04:55,193 so much effort has been put into making this tomb 72 00:04:55,229 --> 00:04:58,130 what it is today. 73 00:05:01,602 --> 00:05:03,368 NARRATOR: Aliaa uses the world's most precise 74 00:05:03,404 --> 00:05:07,472 3D scanner to map the walls of Seti's tomb. 75 00:05:08,642 --> 00:05:10,776 She compares her results to the scans the team have 76 00:05:10,811 --> 00:05:14,346 already made of Tutankhamun's tomb. 77 00:05:14,882 --> 00:05:17,849 The scans allow Aliaa to analyze the tomb's carvings 78 00:05:17,885 --> 00:05:21,153 and paintings and compare the level of craftsmanship 79 00:05:21,188 --> 00:05:24,323 at work in each. 80 00:05:24,358 --> 00:05:27,292 The comparison could reveal crucial information about 81 00:05:27,328 --> 00:05:32,297 Tutankhamun's last days and may explain why he ended up 82 00:05:32,333 --> 00:05:36,301 in such a tiny and poorly decorated tomb. 83 00:05:37,071 --> 00:05:39,604 ALIAA: We are trying to get all the little details that 84 00:05:39,640 --> 00:05:44,209 one wouldn't see with our eyes, out into the scanners. 85 00:05:44,244 --> 00:05:49,414 NARRATOR: What lost details will Aliaa's scans reveal? 86 00:05:49,450 --> 00:05:53,452 Can they explain the mystery of Tutankhamun's tomb? 87 00:05:58,425 --> 00:06:03,362 In Gebel el-Silsila, Swedish archaeologist, Maria Nilsson, 88 00:06:03,397 --> 00:06:06,264 and her British husband, archaeologist John Ward, 89 00:06:06,300 --> 00:06:09,468 are heading out to a dig for the first time since the 90 00:06:09,503 --> 00:06:13,271 global COVID pandemic forced them off site. 91 00:06:14,208 --> 00:06:16,775 JOHN: It's gonna be an amazing day today. 92 00:06:16,810 --> 00:06:19,678 MARIA: I expect the same. 93 00:06:19,713 --> 00:06:22,748 NARRATOR: Maria and John are picking up where they left off. 94 00:06:23,317 --> 00:06:26,752 They are following the lead of a 120-year-old archaeological 95 00:06:26,787 --> 00:06:30,756 report that briefly mentions a now lost temple. 96 00:06:31,625 --> 00:06:34,893 The report doesn't describe the temple itself, 97 00:06:34,928 --> 00:06:37,162 but it does describe its location, 98 00:06:37,197 --> 00:06:40,599 claiming that it once stood on the Nile's West Bank 99 00:06:40,634 --> 00:06:44,436 where the quarry workers' village lies. 100 00:06:44,471 --> 00:06:47,239 When they were last here, Maria and John dated the 101 00:06:47,274 --> 00:06:50,776 quarry workers' village to the reign of Tutankhamun and 102 00:06:50,811 --> 00:06:54,212 they suspect he built the lost temple too. 103 00:06:55,082 --> 00:06:57,349 They are now searching for evidence that could 104 00:06:57,384 --> 00:07:00,519 back up their hunch. 105 00:07:03,290 --> 00:07:07,192 To get to their dig, they must cross the Nile. 106 00:07:08,228 --> 00:07:10,929 The team's effort to board their boat bright and early 107 00:07:10,964 --> 00:07:14,666 didn't go quite as quickly as planned. 108 00:07:15,035 --> 00:07:16,101 JOHN: It's one of those usual mornings, 109 00:07:16,136 --> 00:07:18,770 when we go over to Tut's Village it's always chaos 110 00:07:18,806 --> 00:07:21,306 because we've gotta get everything on the boat first. 111 00:07:21,341 --> 00:07:22,574 MARIA: The first day is always chaos because you need to move 112 00:07:22,609 --> 00:07:25,143 all the equipment. 113 00:07:31,385 --> 00:07:32,317 JOHN: Alright guys. 114 00:07:32,352 --> 00:07:33,652 (speaking in native language). 115 00:07:39,760 --> 00:07:41,793 NARRATOR: On the West Bank of the Nile, 116 00:07:41,829 --> 00:07:45,363 the team make the tough hike across open country, 117 00:07:45,399 --> 00:07:47,399 toward the workers' village. 118 00:07:50,771 --> 00:07:54,339 JOHN: There's nothing easy about going up this hill. 119 00:07:57,077 --> 00:07:59,511 NARRATOR: Once there, Maria searches out 120 00:07:59,546 --> 00:08:02,514 Tutankhamun's inscription. 121 00:08:02,983 --> 00:08:05,884 MARIA: So we know that this is the name of Tutankhamun, 122 00:08:05,919 --> 00:08:08,286 based on the combination of hieroglyphs that 123 00:08:08,322 --> 00:08:10,489 you have here. 124 00:08:10,791 --> 00:08:12,891 NARRATOR: There's lots of evidence of Tutankhamun in 125 00:08:12,926 --> 00:08:15,494 this quarry workers' village. 126 00:08:15,529 --> 00:08:19,331 MARIA: Considering that we have Tutankhamun here, 127 00:08:19,366 --> 00:08:21,333 we have it in, in the workers' village, 128 00:08:21,368 --> 00:08:26,872 we do have a hunch that the temple was also constructed by Tutankhamun. 129 00:08:33,013 --> 00:08:35,814 NARRATOR: Before they set off to search for any ruins, 130 00:08:35,849 --> 00:08:38,550 John and Maria check their bearings. 131 00:08:40,621 --> 00:08:43,588 From here onward, everything they excavate is in 132 00:08:43,624 --> 00:08:47,058 archaeologically uncharted territory. 133 00:08:47,895 --> 00:08:49,794 JOHN: If Tut's village is here. 134 00:08:49,830 --> 00:08:51,229 MARIA: Mm-hm. 135 00:08:51,265 --> 00:08:53,765 JOHN: And then our wadi is in here. 136 00:08:53,800 --> 00:08:56,401 MARIA: So we believe that the temple is somewhere 137 00:08:56,436 --> 00:08:57,569 in this part here. 138 00:08:57,604 --> 00:08:59,771 JOHN: Somewhere in that area. 139 00:09:05,546 --> 00:09:06,645 MARIA: This is exciting. 140 00:09:06,680 --> 00:09:07,979 JOHN: It is indeed. MARIA: We're finally here. 141 00:09:08,015 --> 00:09:10,515 JOHN: Finally. 142 00:09:10,884 --> 00:09:14,619 NARRATOR: The team gets to work, searching the landscape. 143 00:09:14,988 --> 00:09:17,222 They scan the surface material, 144 00:09:17,257 --> 00:09:20,358 hunting for evidence that the lost temple stood here. 145 00:09:21,261 --> 00:09:23,495 JOHN: I wanted to start from that big stone. 146 00:09:23,530 --> 00:09:24,663 AHMED: Yep. 147 00:09:24,698 --> 00:09:26,331 JOHN: And I want them to sweep, 148 00:09:26,366 --> 00:09:29,234 as a line, taking in that edge, 149 00:09:29,269 --> 00:09:33,805 and then we work our way up, okay? 150 00:09:34,074 --> 00:09:38,376 But they have to look at every single stone. 151 00:09:46,286 --> 00:09:48,753 NARRATOR: A meticulous search across the valley floor 152 00:09:48,789 --> 00:09:51,756 eventually delivers a result. 153 00:09:52,626 --> 00:09:56,494 Team foreman, Ahmed Mansur, brings over something special. 154 00:09:56,530 --> 00:09:58,697 MARIA: What you got? 155 00:09:59,366 --> 00:10:01,199 Oh, ooh! 156 00:10:01,234 --> 00:10:03,602 JOHN: Oh, yes, yeah! 157 00:10:04,705 --> 00:10:06,137 (speaking in native language). 158 00:10:08,408 --> 00:10:10,508 JOHN: Yes! 159 00:10:12,512 --> 00:10:16,748 NARRATOR: In Luxor, behind the Valley of the Kings, 160 00:10:16,783 --> 00:10:21,252 lies the sprawling necropolis of Asasif. 161 00:10:22,005 --> 00:10:24,789 An ancient burial ground for the elite nobles 162 00:10:24,825 --> 00:10:28,293 who served the pharaohs. 163 00:10:29,463 --> 00:10:32,697 Egyptian archaeologist, Ezz El Noby and his team are 164 00:10:32,733 --> 00:10:37,335 excavating a giant tomb with an impressive pillared entrance. 165 00:10:41,174 --> 00:10:44,142 Ezz was fascinated by Ancient Egypt as a boy and 166 00:10:44,177 --> 00:10:47,145 has spent his entire adult life excavating the 167 00:10:47,180 --> 00:10:49,447 tombs here at Asasif. 168 00:10:57,691 --> 00:11:00,525 NARRATOR: Can this huge tomb shed light on the mystery of 169 00:11:00,560 --> 00:11:04,329 Tutankhamun's tomb and help reveal why it lacks 170 00:11:04,364 --> 00:11:07,065 the usual majesty? 171 00:11:19,413 --> 00:11:22,347 NARRATOR: The workers labor beneath a hot desert sun, 172 00:11:22,382 --> 00:11:26,184 to haul each 10 pound bucket of sand up and out of 173 00:11:26,219 --> 00:11:31,423 the 20 foot deep tomb courtyard. 174 00:11:31,892 --> 00:11:35,060 But soon the team uncover a clue. 175 00:11:47,007 --> 00:11:49,174 NARRATOR: The rope looks as good as new, 176 00:11:49,192 --> 00:11:52,377 but it's over two-and-a-half thousand years old. 177 00:11:53,080 --> 00:11:55,747 It's a big clue that inside the tomb, 178 00:11:55,782 --> 00:11:58,516 there may be ancient mummies. 179 00:12:11,481 --> 00:12:15,283 NARRATOR: Ever since Tutankhamun's treasures were discovered, 180 00:12:15,318 --> 00:12:19,320 unopened tombs have been a holy grail for archaeologists. 181 00:12:23,593 --> 00:12:28,163 Ezz's team clears away sand to open up this tomb's entrance. 182 00:12:31,435 --> 00:12:35,503 Expectations are high that there are treasures inside. 183 00:12:40,644 --> 00:12:43,778 As they dig, they uncover more and more pieces of 184 00:12:43,814 --> 00:12:46,314 fabric and bone. 185 00:12:46,349 --> 00:12:50,351 The sheer quantity of finds is a good sign. 186 00:13:05,836 --> 00:13:07,836 NARRATOR: The number of artifacts coming out of the 187 00:13:07,871 --> 00:13:12,173 sand suggests that this is a very large tomb. 188 00:13:15,378 --> 00:13:17,779 Debris like this is strong evidence it was 189 00:13:17,814 --> 00:13:21,149 raided in the past. 190 00:13:21,184 --> 00:13:24,586 To drop this much material on their way out, 191 00:13:24,621 --> 00:13:28,923 tomb raiders must have found a significant hoard inside. 192 00:13:42,339 --> 00:13:45,273 NARRATOR: The team works all morning to clear sand from the 193 00:13:45,308 --> 00:13:48,176 tomb's entrance. 194 00:13:48,211 --> 00:13:51,346 Finally, there's enough room for Ezz to take a peek. 195 00:14:08,231 --> 00:14:09,564 NARRATOR: At Saqqara, 196 00:14:09,599 --> 00:14:12,534 Egyptian archaeologist, Ola El Aguizy, 197 00:14:12,569 --> 00:14:16,538 is also trying to unearth a lost tomb. 198 00:14:17,073 --> 00:14:19,974 Ola is looking for new evidence to understand how 199 00:14:20,010 --> 00:14:23,111 tombs were built in Egypt in the generations 200 00:14:23,146 --> 00:14:25,880 that follow Tutankhamun. 201 00:14:25,916 --> 00:14:28,883 That evidence might shed light on the mystery of 202 00:14:28,919 --> 00:14:31,719 Tutankhamun's own tomb. 203 00:14:32,122 --> 00:14:35,890 Ola has been studying Egypt's tombs since the 1970s, 204 00:14:35,926 --> 00:14:39,694 when she became fascinated with decoding and 205 00:14:39,729 --> 00:14:43,364 understanding ancient hieroglyphs. 206 00:14:43,934 --> 00:14:47,735 OLA: We are expecting to find something important, 207 00:14:47,771 --> 00:14:50,772 so we are waiting in suspense, yes. 208 00:14:52,475 --> 00:14:55,476 NARRATOR: Three years ago, Ola discovered an intriguing 209 00:14:55,512 --> 00:15:00,448 limestone lintel here, with a name engraved into it, 210 00:15:00,483 --> 00:15:02,717 Ta Mwiyah. 211 00:15:02,752 --> 00:15:06,187 Her investigations reveal this figure was born into a 212 00:15:06,223 --> 00:15:08,156 military family. 213 00:15:08,191 --> 00:15:12,794 He lived just 50 years after Tutankhamun. 214 00:15:14,564 --> 00:15:19,300 OLA: What we found in this whole area are military men. 215 00:15:19,336 --> 00:15:24,572 This habit of getting military buried here has began since 216 00:15:24,608 --> 00:15:27,342 the time of Tutankhamun. 217 00:15:27,377 --> 00:15:29,544 NARRATOR: Ola directs her team to search for the tomb's 218 00:15:29,579 --> 00:15:33,548 entrance, near where she found the lintel. 219 00:15:34,384 --> 00:15:39,087 Soon, white limestone blocks emerge from beneath the sand. 220 00:15:42,158 --> 00:15:44,726 OLA: Oh, I can see hieroglyphic texts here! 221 00:15:44,761 --> 00:15:47,228 A wall! 222 00:15:47,264 --> 00:15:51,099 Oh, my God, so nice. 223 00:15:58,942 --> 00:16:01,809 NARRATOR: To be sure this is the entrance to Ta Mwiyah's 224 00:16:01,845 --> 00:16:06,581 lost tomb, Ola investigates the ancient inscriptions. 225 00:16:10,387 --> 00:16:14,622 OLA: The great overseer of the stables in the temple 226 00:16:14,658 --> 00:16:19,527 of the King of Upper and Lower Egypt and then the name 227 00:16:19,562 --> 00:16:23,464 of the deceased, Ta Mwiyah. 228 00:16:24,267 --> 00:16:26,467 NARRATOR: The hieroglyphs confirm, 229 00:16:26,503 --> 00:16:30,638 this is the entrance to Ta Mwiyah's tomb. 230 00:16:31,441 --> 00:16:35,810 Now, Ola's team must excavate further. 231 00:16:38,381 --> 00:16:42,350 They have to dig through several tons of sand and hope 232 00:16:42,385 --> 00:16:48,790 the tomb and it's treasures are intact after 3,300 years. 233 00:16:50,794 --> 00:16:53,194 Just inside the tomb's entrance, 234 00:16:53,229 --> 00:16:56,431 they reveal something extraordinary. 235 00:16:56,466 --> 00:16:58,199 OLA: You found something? 236 00:16:58,234 --> 00:17:01,569 NARRATOR: A beautiful painted artwork on plaster. 237 00:17:01,604 --> 00:17:06,207 OLA: Wow. It's, wow, wow, wow, wow. 238 00:17:16,536 --> 00:17:18,036 NARRATOR: At Gebel el-Silsila, 239 00:17:18,071 --> 00:17:22,740 near a quarry workers' village on the West Bank of the Nile, 240 00:17:22,776 --> 00:17:25,843 Maria and John's search for evidence of a temple that 241 00:17:25,879 --> 00:17:28,713 may have been built by Tutankhamun, 242 00:17:28,748 --> 00:17:31,716 unearths a precious clue. 243 00:17:31,751 --> 00:17:32,834 MARIA: That is gorgeous! 244 00:17:32,886 --> 00:17:35,086 JOHN: Oh! Isn't that beautiful? 245 00:17:35,121 --> 00:17:36,854 MARIA: Oh, it's a typical Amarna ware. 246 00:17:36,890 --> 00:17:38,656 JOHN: Look at the lotus. 247 00:17:39,325 --> 00:17:43,027 MARIA: This pottery is so typical for what we know as 248 00:17:43,063 --> 00:17:46,431 the Amarna period, so from Amenhotep III 249 00:17:46,466 --> 00:17:49,500 through to Tutankhamun. 250 00:17:49,669 --> 00:17:51,469 NARRATOR: The pottery shard is painted with 251 00:17:51,504 --> 00:17:53,738 blue lotus flowers. 252 00:17:53,773 --> 00:17:56,741 A typical motif from the time of Tutankhamun. 253 00:17:57,977 --> 00:18:02,346 This find confirms that the old reports of some kind of 254 00:18:02,382 --> 00:18:06,117 permanent settlement here are accurate and that this 255 00:18:06,152 --> 00:18:09,954 settlement dates to the era of the boy king. 256 00:18:11,124 --> 00:18:14,492 JOHN: It's easy to imagine that this was once part of a 257 00:18:14,527 --> 00:18:19,130 massive water vessel that once stood in the courtyard 258 00:18:19,165 --> 00:18:22,567 of the temple that once stood in this wadi. 259 00:18:22,602 --> 00:18:24,469 And for us, that is a 260 00:18:24,504 --> 00:18:27,672 beautiful piece of datable material. 261 00:18:29,275 --> 00:18:33,678 NARRATOR: To find conclusive evidence that a temple once stood here, 262 00:18:33,713 --> 00:18:37,448 the team starts the first of several trenches. 263 00:18:41,955 --> 00:18:44,555 If they can find pieces of an ancient wall, 264 00:18:44,574 --> 00:18:47,558 it will be a significant clue that a large structure 265 00:18:47,594 --> 00:18:50,294 once stood here. 266 00:18:52,465 --> 00:18:55,483 As the workers remove the top levels of sand, 267 00:18:55,535 --> 00:18:58,302 they make another discovery. 268 00:18:59,439 --> 00:19:00,972 JOHN: Amazing! 269 00:19:01,007 --> 00:19:02,440 I love you. 270 00:19:02,475 --> 00:19:03,574 (speaking in native language). 271 00:19:03,610 --> 00:19:06,144 JOHN: Where? Where did you find it? 272 00:19:07,180 --> 00:19:10,214 NARRATOR: It's a piece of worked sandstone. 273 00:19:10,250 --> 00:19:13,518 JOHN: It's small, but that has now, 274 00:19:13,553 --> 00:19:16,854 that's just made my day. 275 00:19:20,894 --> 00:19:23,427 That is from the interior of the structure, 276 00:19:23,463 --> 00:19:25,897 whether that be a temple, kiosk, shrine, 277 00:19:25,932 --> 00:19:27,932 whatever it was. 278 00:19:27,967 --> 00:19:31,903 It has plaster and then painted inscription, 279 00:19:31,938 --> 00:19:35,373 relief over the top. 280 00:19:35,408 --> 00:19:37,475 NARRATOR: The team find more and more pieces of dressed 281 00:19:37,510 --> 00:19:41,946 stone in the trenches and among the surface scatter. 282 00:19:41,981 --> 00:19:44,615 JOHN: This proves that there was something 283 00:19:44,634 --> 00:19:47,785 here that was more substantial. 284 00:19:49,522 --> 00:19:51,756 NARRATOR: The dressed stone is evidence that the 285 00:19:51,791 --> 00:19:55,526 team could have found Tutankhamun's temple. 286 00:19:56,396 --> 00:19:59,914 JOHN: You know, no one's ever documented this temple and 287 00:19:59,966 --> 00:20:03,034 we're the first ones to do it and to me, 288 00:20:03,069 --> 00:20:06,437 that's just amazing, it's awesome. 289 00:20:11,377 --> 00:20:13,778 NARRATOR: Less than a mile from Tutankhamun's tomb 290 00:20:13,813 --> 00:20:15,880 in the Valley of the Kings, 291 00:20:15,915 --> 00:20:19,650 Ezz is preparing to enter a tomb he has just opened. 292 00:20:22,388 --> 00:20:26,824 The discoveries awaiting Ezz inside may have lain unseen by 293 00:20:26,859 --> 00:20:31,495 human eyes for nearly 3,000 years. 294 00:20:36,302 --> 00:20:38,369 By the end of the first workday, 295 00:20:38,404 --> 00:20:42,306 the tomb's entrance is completely clear. 296 00:20:45,211 --> 00:20:48,212 EZZ: We are ready to go inside the tomb. 297 00:20:52,952 --> 00:20:55,319 Oh, my God. 298 00:20:55,355 --> 00:20:57,221 Wow! 299 00:21:36,863 --> 00:21:41,832 NARRATOR: Today's discovery is a once in a lifetime find. 300 00:21:44,470 --> 00:21:47,672 It's instantly clear that the tomb is far bigger 301 00:21:47,707 --> 00:21:50,775 than the burial chamber in Tutankhamun's tomb and 302 00:21:50,810 --> 00:21:53,944 doorways lead off to more rooms. 303 00:21:54,747 --> 00:21:57,315 To discover who this tomb was built for, 304 00:21:57,350 --> 00:22:01,118 Ezz must investigate the far end of the chamber. 305 00:22:01,754 --> 00:22:05,556 To get there, the team must remove each of the 100 plus 306 00:22:05,591 --> 00:22:08,759 bones littering the floor. 307 00:22:09,028 --> 00:22:11,629 It's likely that these are the bones of many 308 00:22:11,664 --> 00:22:14,198 generations of the same family. 309 00:22:22,508 --> 00:22:25,743 NARRATOR: With clear access, Ezz finds further passageways 310 00:22:25,778 --> 00:22:29,647 leading off the main hall and a false door. 311 00:22:30,350 --> 00:22:34,485 A false door is a doorframe carved into solid stone. 312 00:22:34,987 --> 00:22:38,456 Those buried here believed their souls would pass through 313 00:22:38,491 --> 00:22:41,492 this and into the afterlife. 314 00:22:48,735 --> 00:22:51,469 NARRATOR: The false door often carries inscriptions 315 00:22:51,504 --> 00:22:55,706 identifying the tomb owner, but here there's no evidence 316 00:22:55,742 --> 00:22:57,608 of their identity. 317 00:23:04,917 --> 00:23:07,785 NARRATOR: For a moment, it looks like the tomb may have 318 00:23:07,820 --> 00:23:11,155 revealed all of its secrets. 319 00:23:11,190 --> 00:23:14,692 But, in the corner, Ezz spots a mysterious 320 00:23:14,727 --> 00:23:18,295 shape under the sand. 321 00:23:18,331 --> 00:23:19,663 EZZ: Wow! 322 00:23:32,695 --> 00:23:35,396 ¶ ¶ 323 00:23:35,431 --> 00:23:37,698 NARRATOR: Ezz's team work quickly to free the mummy from 324 00:23:37,734 --> 00:23:39,567 millennia of dust. 325 00:23:49,579 --> 00:23:50,878 EZZ: Ahmad! 326 00:23:50,913 --> 00:23:53,447 Please, come. 327 00:23:53,483 --> 00:23:56,383 NARRATOR: Now, the team must move the mummy to the site's 328 00:23:56,419 --> 00:23:59,220 conservation area. 329 00:23:59,255 --> 00:24:01,589 Ahmed Mohamed, the team's conservator, 330 00:24:01,624 --> 00:24:04,925 prepares the linen to stop it from disintegrating. 331 00:24:13,736 --> 00:24:15,903 NARRATOR: Workers face a tough challenge to maneuver the 332 00:24:15,938 --> 00:24:19,673 mummy out of the tomb and up a flimsy scaffold to the 333 00:24:19,709 --> 00:24:22,710 top of the 20 foot deep courtyard. 334 00:24:23,913 --> 00:24:26,213 The operation is fraught with danger, 335 00:24:26,249 --> 00:24:29,283 for both the work crew and the mummy. 336 00:25:04,086 --> 00:25:07,221 NARRATOR: The workers deliver the mummy to the restoration team, 337 00:25:07,256 --> 00:25:11,559 without it or them coming to any harm. 338 00:25:11,994 --> 00:25:14,762 Analysis of the mummy will help the team uncover this 339 00:25:14,797 --> 00:25:17,932 tomb's lost secrets. 340 00:25:17,967 --> 00:25:21,435 Why did a servant of the pharaohs get a bigger tomb 341 00:25:21,470 --> 00:25:23,737 than Tutankhamun himself? 342 00:25:38,487 --> 00:25:41,522 NARRATOR: Mummification was practiced for 3,000 years of 343 00:25:41,557 --> 00:25:45,860 Egyptian history on pharaohs like Tutankhamun and 344 00:25:45,895 --> 00:25:48,429 their servants buried here. 345 00:25:48,464 --> 00:25:52,333 They believed it preserved the body for the afterlife. 346 00:25:54,437 --> 00:25:58,072 Belief in this afterlife was constant and unshakable, 347 00:25:58,107 --> 00:26:01,625 except for one brief and shocking moment in 348 00:26:01,677 --> 00:26:04,678 Egyptian history when the pharaohs' faith in 349 00:26:04,714 --> 00:26:07,681 eternal life vanished. 350 00:26:09,619 --> 00:26:12,653 It was a revolution that shaped Tutankhamun's 351 00:26:12,688 --> 00:26:15,522 short life. 352 00:26:15,558 --> 00:26:19,360 Did it also shape his mysterious tomb? 353 00:26:25,668 --> 00:26:27,835 At Gebel el-Silsila, 354 00:26:27,870 --> 00:26:30,738 Maria and John have found evidence of a building on 355 00:26:30,773 --> 00:26:33,140 the valley floor. 356 00:26:33,175 --> 00:26:36,543 Their finds suggest the structure could be a temple, 357 00:26:36,579 --> 00:26:39,847 dating to the time of King Tutankhamun. 358 00:26:40,583 --> 00:26:44,184 JOHN: This little shard, this little fragment is all 359 00:26:44,220 --> 00:26:48,322 that I have left, at this present moment, 360 00:26:48,357 --> 00:26:52,593 of what was once a highly decorated temple, 361 00:26:52,628 --> 00:26:56,363 situated somewhere in this wadi. 362 00:26:57,767 --> 00:27:01,001 NARRATOR: Maria and John will continue their investigation, 363 00:27:01,037 --> 00:27:04,571 but another mystery here could help explain 364 00:27:04,607 --> 00:27:07,942 Tutankhamun's tomb and the religious revolution 365 00:27:07,977 --> 00:27:11,378 that surrounded his life. 366 00:27:13,916 --> 00:27:16,016 Previous generations of pharaohs, 367 00:27:16,052 --> 00:27:18,485 including Tutankhamun's father, 368 00:27:18,521 --> 00:27:21,588 built on the East Bank of the Nile, 369 00:27:21,958 --> 00:27:23,090 but strangely, 370 00:27:23,125 --> 00:27:27,061 Tutankhamun quarried and built on the West Bank. 371 00:27:28,931 --> 00:27:32,466 MARIA: When we look at the reasons why Tutankhamun had 372 00:27:32,501 --> 00:27:35,602 his quarries on the West Bank, 373 00:27:35,638 --> 00:27:38,806 we do think that it has a strong link 374 00:27:38,841 --> 00:27:40,874 with the priesthood, 375 00:27:40,910 --> 00:27:44,278 the priesthood of god Amun and that they wanted to 376 00:27:44,313 --> 00:27:46,847 see him with a fresh start. 377 00:27:48,050 --> 00:27:51,352 NARRATOR: Tutankhamun's powerful high priests wanted a 378 00:27:51,387 --> 00:27:55,122 fresh start because they were fighting for their survival. 379 00:27:58,694 --> 00:27:59,927 When Tutankhamun's father, 380 00:27:59,962 --> 00:28:02,429 Akhenaten, became pharaoh, 381 00:28:02,465 --> 00:28:06,633 he led a revolution that transformed Egyptian religion. 382 00:28:07,303 --> 00:28:11,538 He abandoned sacred temples and he banned belief in the 383 00:28:11,574 --> 00:28:14,808 old gods and the afterlife. 384 00:28:14,844 --> 00:28:18,679 He replaced them with a single god, the Aten. 385 00:28:20,416 --> 00:28:23,384 Akhenaten built a new capital, Amarna, 386 00:28:23,419 --> 00:28:25,819 abandoning the traditional home of the 387 00:28:25,855 --> 00:28:28,422 pharaohs at Thebes. 388 00:28:28,457 --> 00:28:32,493 When Akhenaten died, Tutankhamun faced a choice: 389 00:28:32,528 --> 00:28:36,964 carry on his father's unpopular religious revolution 390 00:28:36,999 --> 00:28:40,067 or restore the old gods to their temples 391 00:28:40,102 --> 00:28:43,437 and their priests. 392 00:28:46,175 --> 00:28:47,908 JOHN: Tutankhamun's father, Akhenaten, 393 00:28:47,943 --> 00:28:50,744 not only did he close the temples and reduce the 394 00:28:50,780 --> 00:28:54,515 pantheon of gods down to just one, the Aten, 395 00:28:54,550 --> 00:28:58,352 he created a chaotic system which, unfortunately, 396 00:28:58,387 --> 00:29:01,688 Tutankhamun inherited. 397 00:29:02,091 --> 00:29:03,791 NARRATOR: Tutankhamun's father, 398 00:29:03,826 --> 00:29:06,393 as a self-proclaimed god on Earth, 399 00:29:06,429 --> 00:29:08,896 declared that he alone could communicate with the 400 00:29:08,931 --> 00:29:11,865 sun god, Aten. 401 00:29:12,835 --> 00:29:16,804 Neither the high priests nor Egypt's nobles were happy. 402 00:29:17,640 --> 00:29:21,442 When the boy king, Tutankhamun came to the throne, 403 00:29:21,477 --> 00:29:25,579 many of his most important advisors demanded he reverse 404 00:29:25,614 --> 00:29:28,649 his father's revolution. 405 00:29:29,318 --> 00:29:31,218 MARIA: Tutankhamun was a young pharaoh and he would 406 00:29:31,253 --> 00:29:34,755 have relied heavily upon his advisors and the 407 00:29:34,790 --> 00:29:38,192 court around him. 408 00:29:38,461 --> 00:29:41,862 NARRATOR: Tutankhamun agreed to return to the old ways. 409 00:29:42,798 --> 00:29:47,334 He quarried and built on the opposite bank of the Nile to his father, 410 00:29:47,369 --> 00:29:51,071 to make clear his opposition to his father's reforms. 411 00:29:55,411 --> 00:29:57,911 JOHN: I think he was able to, in his short reign, 412 00:29:57,947 --> 00:30:01,115 reestablish the power of Egypt. 413 00:30:01,150 --> 00:30:05,052 Tutankhamun was able to revive Egypt like a phoenix, 414 00:30:05,087 --> 00:30:08,789 out of the chaos that his father had left behind. 415 00:30:13,529 --> 00:30:17,331 NARRATOR: Did Tutankhamun's counterrevolution succeed? 416 00:30:17,366 --> 00:30:21,468 And can this decisive moment in Egyptian history explain 417 00:30:21,504 --> 00:30:25,772 the mystery of his unimpressive tomb? 418 00:30:29,578 --> 00:30:33,747 Just four miles from Luxor, in the Valley of the Kings, 419 00:30:33,782 --> 00:30:39,019 Aliaa and her team are using a 3D scanner to investigate 420 00:30:39,054 --> 00:30:43,357 the tombs of Tutankhamun and Pharaoh Seti I. 421 00:30:44,660 --> 00:30:48,662 Seti is buried in a majestic ten room tomb. 422 00:30:49,298 --> 00:30:52,566 Tutankhamun's four room tomb is so small, 423 00:30:52,601 --> 00:30:56,270 it hardly seems fit for a pharaoh. 424 00:30:57,239 --> 00:31:01,275 At the team's headquarters, Aliaa compares the scan results 425 00:31:01,310 --> 00:31:06,446 to reveal hidden details in each tomb's wall decorations 426 00:31:06,482 --> 00:31:09,917 and investigates if they are connected to the religious 427 00:31:09,952 --> 00:31:13,854 revolution that shaped Tutankhamun's reign. 428 00:31:15,424 --> 00:31:18,592 ALIAA: So, this is our lab, where the magic happens. 429 00:31:18,627 --> 00:31:20,494 (laughs). 430 00:31:21,263 --> 00:31:23,864 NARRATOR: Aliaa puts the scans of each tomb 431 00:31:23,899 --> 00:31:27,601 side by side and investigates. 432 00:31:28,637 --> 00:31:32,105 ALIAA: The difference between Seti and Tut is visible. 433 00:31:32,141 --> 00:31:36,210 Seti's tomb, it has so many carved details, 434 00:31:36,245 --> 00:31:39,580 it's so intricately done and very special. 435 00:31:39,615 --> 00:31:42,883 But however, when we go into Tut's tomb, 436 00:31:42,918 --> 00:31:46,520 it's just plaster and paint. 437 00:31:47,223 --> 00:31:49,790 NARRATOR: Her 3D scans reveal unique and 438 00:31:49,825 --> 00:31:52,926 unprecedented details. 439 00:31:52,962 --> 00:31:58,432 So Aliaa can see a remarkable flaw in Tutankhamun's tomb. 440 00:31:59,635 --> 00:32:02,803 ALIAA: When you zoom in, you can have a look at the faint 441 00:32:02,838 --> 00:32:05,339 outline of the brush marks. 442 00:32:05,374 --> 00:32:08,375 It's obvious that the plaster was still wet when they 443 00:32:08,410 --> 00:32:12,379 started painting over it. 444 00:32:12,414 --> 00:32:16,283 NARRATOR: The brush marks point to an extraordinary theory. 445 00:32:17,253 --> 00:32:21,622 ALIAA: It seems that somebody wanted to rush Tutankhamun's burial. 446 00:32:21,657 --> 00:32:25,592 Clearly someone wanted to close the tomb doors quickly, 447 00:32:25,628 --> 00:32:30,464 not even waiting for the plaster to dry before applying the paint. 448 00:32:31,700 --> 00:32:35,769 NARRATOR: The rush to finish Tutankhamun's tomb adds to the mystery 449 00:32:35,804 --> 00:32:38,572 of its small size. 450 00:32:38,607 --> 00:32:41,908 Who was responsible for leaving the boy king in this 451 00:32:41,944 --> 00:32:44,511 underwhelming tomb? 452 00:32:44,546 --> 00:32:47,648 Was it revenge for his father's revolution? 453 00:32:57,593 --> 00:33:01,561 NARRATOR: Inside King Tutankhamun's tiny tomb, 454 00:33:01,597 --> 00:33:04,698 Aliaa continues her investigation. 455 00:33:04,733 --> 00:33:08,568 ALIAA: There is certainly something not right about this tomb. 456 00:33:09,171 --> 00:33:11,905 NARRATOR: A crucial clue to the identity of the person 457 00:33:11,940 --> 00:33:16,009 who buried Tutankhamun in this unworthy tomb, 458 00:33:16,045 --> 00:33:18,512 rests with a puzzling portrait, 459 00:33:18,547 --> 00:33:21,581 painted onto the tomb walls. 460 00:33:26,555 --> 00:33:30,757 Before Tutankhamun's body was taken down into his tomb, 461 00:33:30,793 --> 00:33:33,593 a figure dressed in leopard skin performed 462 00:33:33,629 --> 00:33:35,796 a sacred ritual. 463 00:33:35,831 --> 00:33:40,500 He touched a serpent-headed blade to the eyes and lips of Tutankhamun, 464 00:33:40,536 --> 00:33:43,437 believing it allowed the dead pharaoh's soul 465 00:33:43,472 --> 00:33:45,872 to see and breathe. 466 00:33:45,908 --> 00:33:49,876 His spirit could now take part in a feast with his mourners, 467 00:33:49,912 --> 00:33:53,980 sustenance for the journey that they believed Tutankhamun 468 00:33:54,016 --> 00:33:57,050 would make into the afterlife. 469 00:33:57,086 --> 00:33:59,419 It was a ritual traditionally performed by 470 00:33:59,455 --> 00:34:02,322 the heir to the throne. 471 00:34:02,358 --> 00:34:05,692 Was the leopard skinned figure also responsible 472 00:34:05,711 --> 00:34:08,795 for Tutankhamun's tomb? 473 00:34:12,868 --> 00:34:15,969 Aliaa travels to the nearby Valley of the Monkeys to 474 00:34:16,004 --> 00:34:19,506 investigate the mysterious man. 475 00:34:23,178 --> 00:34:25,345 ALIAA: This tomb is the tomb of Ay. 476 00:34:25,381 --> 00:34:27,914 This is my first time here. 477 00:34:30,052 --> 00:34:34,187 NARRATOR: Ay is the man who is depicted guiding Tutankhamun's soul 478 00:34:34,223 --> 00:34:38,425 to the afterlife on the walls of Tutankhamun's tomb. 479 00:34:39,395 --> 00:34:42,763 He was possibly the father of Tutankhamun's step mother, 480 00:34:42,798 --> 00:34:46,900 Nefertiti, and a trusted advisor to the boy king 481 00:34:46,935 --> 00:34:49,469 throughout his reign. 482 00:34:49,505 --> 00:34:52,572 ALIAA: It's amazing how the background color is yellow, 483 00:34:52,608 --> 00:34:57,744 which is the same as Tut's tomb and the drawing style is 484 00:34:57,780 --> 00:35:00,313 also the same. 485 00:35:00,582 --> 00:35:04,751 The same opening of the mouth scene exists in Tut. 486 00:35:04,787 --> 00:35:07,020 Also, there is no carving. 487 00:35:07,055 --> 00:35:11,091 The wall is just plaster and paint. 488 00:35:11,994 --> 00:35:17,097 It's almost like the same person did the two tombs. 489 00:35:18,767 --> 00:35:22,102 NARRATOR: Tutankhamun died young with no heirs. 490 00:35:22,137 --> 00:35:25,405 His premature death led to a power struggle among those 491 00:35:25,441 --> 00:35:29,276 with a claim to become the next pharaoh. 492 00:35:29,311 --> 00:35:32,879 Was Ay, and his battle to become king, 493 00:35:32,915 --> 00:35:36,616 responsible for Tutankhamun's strange burial? 494 00:35:43,225 --> 00:35:46,059 At Saqqara, Ola's team of archaeologists 495 00:35:46,094 --> 00:35:50,397 is searching for the tomb of a man called Ta Mwiyah. 496 00:35:52,067 --> 00:35:55,001 He was an important aide to the pharaoh who ruled Egypt 497 00:35:55,037 --> 00:35:58,338 50 years after Tutankhamun's death. 498 00:36:00,742 --> 00:36:03,510 Tutankhamun was intent on reversing his father's 499 00:36:03,545 --> 00:36:06,746 religious revolution. 500 00:36:07,082 --> 00:36:09,683 Did his plan succeed? 501 00:36:10,953 --> 00:36:14,154 Ola's Egyptian colleague, Tarek Tawfik, 502 00:36:14,189 --> 00:36:16,957 spots a piece of intriguing evidence. 503 00:36:17,659 --> 00:36:21,027 TAREK: Ta Mwiyah and his wife, on limestone, 504 00:36:21,063 --> 00:36:23,697 this is good news. 505 00:36:25,567 --> 00:36:29,035 OLA: And I think I will have the name of the wife now. 506 00:36:29,872 --> 00:36:35,475 Married F, his beloved and then this is supposed to be 507 00:36:35,511 --> 00:36:38,545 her name, Tubi. 508 00:36:40,449 --> 00:36:44,417 NARRATOR: Carved reliefs of Ta Mwiyah and his wife, Tubi, 509 00:36:44,453 --> 00:36:47,521 fill the tomb walls. 510 00:36:48,757 --> 00:36:50,991 TAREK: We have the deceased and his wife. 511 00:36:51,026 --> 00:36:52,225 OLA: Mm-hmm. 512 00:36:52,261 --> 00:36:56,396 TAREK: And they are going and being received by a god. 513 00:36:56,431 --> 00:36:57,664 OLA: Uh-huh. 514 00:36:57,699 --> 00:37:03,103 TAREK: And it's not Osiris and it's not Ptah, so who was it? 515 00:37:03,605 --> 00:37:07,274 Atum maybe? 516 00:37:07,309 --> 00:37:09,643 OLA: This is significant. 517 00:37:09,678 --> 00:37:12,345 Religiously significant. 518 00:37:13,949 --> 00:37:16,650 NARRATOR: The reliefs depict the couple's journey to heaven 519 00:37:16,685 --> 00:37:19,819 and their eternal life in paradise. 520 00:37:20,422 --> 00:37:24,791 Similar scenes adorn the walls of Tutankhamun's tomb. 521 00:37:26,862 --> 00:37:28,562 Ancient Egyptians, 522 00:37:28,597 --> 00:37:31,498 just 50 years after the death of Tutankhamun, 523 00:37:31,533 --> 00:37:35,302 still believe that carvings like these on tomb walls, 524 00:37:35,337 --> 00:37:39,439 magically transform the afterlife into reality. 525 00:37:40,175 --> 00:37:44,544 But to which gods were these paintings and reliefs dedicated? 526 00:37:44,980 --> 00:37:47,714 Who do the Egyptians worship now, 527 00:37:47,749 --> 00:37:50,016 after Tutankhamun's death? 528 00:37:50,052 --> 00:37:53,753 And what does it mean for the mystery of his tomb? 529 00:38:03,582 --> 00:38:06,883 NARRATOR: Tarek and Ola continue their excavations. 530 00:38:09,121 --> 00:38:12,789 They could shed light on whether Ancient Egyptians 531 00:38:12,824 --> 00:38:15,825 still worshipped the sun god, Aten, 532 00:38:15,861 --> 00:38:18,561 as demanded by Tutankhamun's father, 533 00:38:18,597 --> 00:38:23,033 or had they returned to the older pantheon of gods. 534 00:38:25,537 --> 00:38:28,438 On site, the workers continue to search for 535 00:38:28,473 --> 00:38:30,974 this tomb's burial chamber. 536 00:38:33,178 --> 00:38:34,744 TAREK: It's always exciting. 537 00:38:34,780 --> 00:38:36,930 Sometimes there is even, between the workmen, 538 00:38:36,982 --> 00:38:40,617 a bit of competition, who will find first? 539 00:38:43,121 --> 00:38:45,889 NARRATOR: While conservators move the painted walls to the 540 00:38:45,924 --> 00:38:48,258 store rooms for safekeeping, 541 00:38:48,293 --> 00:38:51,461 Tarek spots something in the sand. 542 00:38:51,997 --> 00:38:55,632 TAREK: We have a pillar and I can see already, 543 00:38:55,667 --> 00:38:58,902 there is a Djed pillar decorated on it. 544 00:38:59,705 --> 00:39:01,971 NARRATOR: It's an important find. 545 00:39:02,007 --> 00:39:05,208 This pillar confirms the nature of Ancient Egyptian 546 00:39:05,243 --> 00:39:08,011 religious beliefs in the years after the 547 00:39:08,046 --> 00:39:11,481 Amarna Revolution and Tutankhamun's death. 548 00:39:27,799 --> 00:39:31,134 NARRATOR: The Djed symbol represents the god Osiris, 549 00:39:31,169 --> 00:39:34,871 who arose from the dead to live again as king 550 00:39:34,906 --> 00:39:38,641 of the afterlife. 551 00:39:38,677 --> 00:39:42,812 Ancient Egyptians painted the symbol on the bottom of coffins, 552 00:39:44,583 --> 00:39:49,252 and wrapped the mummy with Djed amulets to summon 553 00:39:49,287 --> 00:39:53,556 Osiris and rejuvenate the soul of the deceased. 554 00:39:55,894 --> 00:39:59,129 They also carved Djed symbols onto the pillars in their 555 00:39:59,164 --> 00:40:03,166 tombs to follow Osiris to the afterlife. 556 00:40:08,206 --> 00:40:09,773 OLA: In the time of Amarna, 557 00:40:09,808 --> 00:40:13,143 they told them that there is no afterlife. 558 00:40:13,178 --> 00:40:16,079 After there was a reaction, 559 00:40:16,114 --> 00:40:19,916 then extreme worshipping Osiris. 560 00:40:20,652 --> 00:40:26,089 NARRATOR: The team has found inscriptions to Osiris and Ptah, 561 00:40:26,124 --> 00:40:27,957 gods whose worship Tutankhamun's 562 00:40:27,993 --> 00:40:30,527 father had forbidden. 563 00:40:30,562 --> 00:40:33,062 It's more evidence Tutankhamun had abandoned 564 00:40:33,098 --> 00:40:35,715 his father's revolution. 565 00:40:35,767 --> 00:40:39,068 He has restored belief in the afterlife and the power 566 00:40:39,104 --> 00:40:42,472 of all Egypt's gods. 567 00:40:42,507 --> 00:40:45,375 The religious revolution, demanding the worship of a 568 00:40:45,410 --> 00:40:48,845 single sun god, was over. 569 00:40:50,048 --> 00:40:55,985 This was a feat that deserved a magnificent burial and a majestic tomb, 570 00:40:56,021 --> 00:40:59,355 so why didn't Tutankhamun's mummy 571 00:40:59,391 --> 00:41:01,891 get the tomb it deserved? 572 00:41:06,331 --> 00:41:08,431 In the Valley of the Kings, 573 00:41:08,467 --> 00:41:11,367 Aliaa is investigating this mystery. 574 00:41:12,437 --> 00:41:16,072 Why did Ay banish Tutankhamun to such a small 575 00:41:16,107 --> 00:41:19,776 and poorly decorated tomb? 576 00:41:20,345 --> 00:41:24,481 Aliaa examines Ay's tomb to look for clues. 577 00:41:26,485 --> 00:41:29,619 ALIAA: That's a baboon wall. 578 00:41:30,322 --> 00:41:34,224 Both Tut and Ay opted for the same scene, 579 00:41:34,259 --> 00:41:39,362 almost like the same person chose what goes in each tomb. 580 00:41:41,500 --> 00:41:44,000 NARRATOR: The uncanny similarities between the two 581 00:41:44,035 --> 00:41:49,305 chambers suggests a common hand was at work on both, 582 00:41:49,341 --> 00:41:53,443 but only Ay's tomb was fit for a pharaoh. 583 00:41:53,912 --> 00:41:55,712 ALIAA: It's very similar to the tomb of 584 00:41:55,747 --> 00:41:57,180 Tomb of Tutankhamun. 585 00:41:57,215 --> 00:42:00,683 The style, the artwork, the sarcophagus. 586 00:42:00,719 --> 00:42:03,987 But it's so much bigger! 587 00:42:04,623 --> 00:42:08,691 NARRATOR: The artistic style of the two tombs suggests that 588 00:42:08,727 --> 00:42:13,429 Ay may have been responsible for decorating both. 589 00:42:14,566 --> 00:42:18,868 Investigators now suspect that when Tutankhamun died, 590 00:42:18,904 --> 00:42:22,038 unexpectedly young, the lavish tomb he ordered 591 00:42:22,073 --> 00:42:25,158 for himself was not finished. 592 00:42:25,210 --> 00:42:28,144 Ay seized the moment. 593 00:42:28,179 --> 00:42:31,681 He ordered Tut be buried in a smaller tomb. 594 00:42:32,183 --> 00:42:35,685 It was quickly decorated and sealed before the paint 595 00:42:35,720 --> 00:42:38,154 had a chance to dry. 596 00:42:38,189 --> 00:42:40,123 With Tutankhamun gone, 597 00:42:40,158 --> 00:42:43,593 and before any challengers could oppose him, 598 00:42:43,628 --> 00:42:48,698 Ay crowned himself Pharaoh and decreed that when he died, 599 00:42:48,733 --> 00:42:52,802 he would take Tutankhamun's tomb. 600 00:42:55,273 --> 00:42:57,907 ALIAA: Ay buried Tutankhamun in the smaller tomb, 601 00:42:57,943 --> 00:43:02,145 so he could have the bigger tomb for himself. 602 00:43:02,547 --> 00:43:06,416 This is the tomb that was intended for Tutankhamun, 603 00:43:06,451 --> 00:43:09,452 the tomb of Ay. 604 00:43:11,222 --> 00:43:14,457 NARRATOR: Ay banished Tutankhamun to an unworthy 605 00:43:14,492 --> 00:43:18,695 tomb to secure his place as Pharaoh. 606 00:43:19,464 --> 00:43:22,599 Later pharaohs erased Tutankhamun from history, 607 00:43:22,634 --> 00:43:27,070 smearing his name as the son of a heretic. 608 00:43:27,756 --> 00:43:31,541 But 100 years ago, when his tomb was discovered, 609 00:43:31,576 --> 00:43:35,612 Tutankhamun was reborn a superstar. 610 00:43:36,314 --> 00:43:39,782 Now, experts use the clues to piece together 611 00:43:39,818 --> 00:43:42,819 his true legacy. 612 00:43:43,788 --> 00:43:47,123 As a boy king, dealing with the aftermath of his father's 613 00:43:47,158 --> 00:43:51,594 religious revolution, Tutankhamun navigated a 614 00:43:51,630 --> 00:43:54,430 royal court in turmoil, 615 00:43:54,966 --> 00:43:58,801 but heeding the advice of his most trusted advisors, 616 00:43:58,837 --> 00:44:01,771 he reinstated the priesthood, 617 00:44:01,806 --> 00:44:06,809 he rebuilt Egypt's temples and he replaced the sun god, 618 00:44:06,845 --> 00:44:10,580 Aten, with the Egyptian gods of old. 619 00:44:11,049 --> 00:44:13,583 After his father's years of misrule, 620 00:44:13,618 --> 00:44:18,688 the reign of the young Pharaoh Tutankhamun saw Egypt 621 00:44:18,723 --> 00:44:21,124 restored to greatness. 622 00:44:21,159 --> 00:44:22,458 Captioned by Cotter Media Group. 60699

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