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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:00:39,289 --> 00:00:41,833 [Ronald Reagan] …advances in science and technology. 4 00:00:41,958 --> 00:00:46,671 Opportunities and jobs will multiply as we cross new thresholds of knowledge 5 00:00:46,796 --> 00:00:48,965 and reach deeper into the unknown. 6 00:00:49,090 --> 00:00:54,429 Nowhere is this more important than our next frontier, space. 7 00:00:54,554 --> 00:00:58,683 Tonight, I am directing NASA to develop a permanently manned space station, 8 00:00:58,808 --> 00:01:00,894 and to do it within a decade. 9 00:01:01,019 --> 00:01:02,687 [applause] 10 00:01:24,834 --> 00:01:27,921 [girl] Hi, Dad. Have you gotten your Christmas presents yet? 11 00:01:30,840 --> 00:01:33,885 [man] Yeah, thank you for the T-shirt. 12 00:01:34,010 --> 00:01:35,845 [girl] I think I put, like, a bell in there 13 00:01:35,929 --> 00:01:37,806 that was like, "Number One Dad." 14 00:01:39,682 --> 00:01:42,060 -Got the bell and the card too, yeah. -[girl] Yeah. 15 00:01:42,185 --> 00:01:44,145 [man] The T-shirt was in there too. 16 00:01:45,063 --> 00:01:46,064 [girl] Yeah. 17 00:01:46,189 --> 00:01:48,358 -[man] Love you, Charlotte. -[girl] Love you too. 18 00:03:20,033 --> 00:03:22,035 [applause] 19 00:03:29,709 --> 00:03:31,920 Mr. Secretary General, 20 00:03:32,045 --> 00:03:36,090 delegates to the United Nations, ladies and gentlemen, 21 00:03:36,216 --> 00:03:39,260 we meet again in the quest for peace. 22 00:03:40,386 --> 00:03:46,059 [man] President Kennedy made a speech to the United Nations in September of 1963 23 00:03:46,517 --> 00:03:49,187 {\an8}and made the offer to bring the Soviet Union in 24 00:03:49,312 --> 00:03:52,023 {\an8}and to make them a part of the Apollo program. 25 00:03:53,233 --> 00:03:54,651 [JF Kennedy] Finally, in a field 26 00:03:54,734 --> 00:03:57,820 where the United States and the Soviet Union 27 00:03:57,946 --> 00:04:02,075 have a special capacity in the field of space, 28 00:04:02,200 --> 00:04:04,953 there is room for new cooperation, 29 00:04:05,078 --> 00:04:07,121 for further joint efforts 30 00:04:07,205 --> 00:04:10,500 in the regulation and exploration of space. 31 00:04:11,292 --> 00:04:16,422 I include among these possibilities a joint expedition to the Moon. 32 00:04:17,048 --> 00:04:20,093 Space offers no problems of sovereignty. 33 00:04:20,218 --> 00:04:23,930 Why, therefore, should man's first flight to the Moon 34 00:04:24,055 --> 00:04:26,766 be a matter of national competition? 35 00:04:26,891 --> 00:04:30,103 November of that year, he wrote a memo to NASA 36 00:04:30,228 --> 00:04:33,106 telling them he would like to have them come back in two weeks 37 00:04:33,231 --> 00:04:38,319 and tell them why the Soviet Union should not be a part of Apollo. 38 00:04:44,784 --> 00:04:48,955 President Kennedy was killed on the 22nd of November, 39 00:04:49,038 --> 00:04:50,540 and that never happened. 40 00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:55,712 That vision that Kennedy had of working together as partners 41 00:04:55,837 --> 00:04:59,549 finally materialized and is happening today. 42 00:04:59,674 --> 00:05:02,677 That is the space station we're flying right now. 43 00:05:14,897 --> 00:05:17,734 [man] There has never been any other collaborative engineering project 44 00:05:17,859 --> 00:05:20,903 of this scope, size or challenge, in my opinion. 45 00:05:22,989 --> 00:05:24,991 You are basically taking pieces of hardware 46 00:05:25,116 --> 00:05:27,785 that may have been built thousands of miles apart, 47 00:05:27,910 --> 00:05:31,205 that had never been in the same room, never touched each other. 48 00:05:32,040 --> 00:05:35,251 Then you have to put them together in space, in a vacuum, 49 00:05:35,376 --> 00:05:37,295 going at 18,000 miles an hour, 50 00:05:37,420 --> 00:05:39,380 {\an8}and they have to work the first time they touch 51 00:05:39,505 --> 00:05:42,884 {\an8}and not cause shocks or not leak or have any other problems 52 00:05:43,009 --> 00:05:45,553 {\an8}that of course are disastrous in space. 53 00:05:45,678 --> 00:05:48,806 And they all worked. They all worked when we put them together. 54 00:06:16,042 --> 00:06:17,418 I flew three times in space. 55 00:06:17,543 --> 00:06:21,297 My third mission was as the commander of the International Space Station 56 00:06:21,422 --> 00:06:23,883 early in its assembly in life. 57 00:06:24,008 --> 00:06:27,136 I was trained for several possible spacewalks. 58 00:06:27,261 --> 00:06:30,556 {\an8}I ended up doing one where we were attaching the cables 59 00:06:30,681 --> 00:06:33,518 {\an8}to power up a new compartment that had come up 60 00:06:33,643 --> 00:06:37,021 and test out a new piece of equipment that the Russians had sent up there. 61 00:06:41,818 --> 00:06:43,653 It's an all-day affair to get ready for it. 62 00:06:43,736 --> 00:06:45,404 You have to have all the right equipment, 63 00:06:45,530 --> 00:06:47,949 we have to prepare the station as if we can't get back inside 64 00:06:48,074 --> 00:06:49,534 and have to come in a different way, 65 00:06:49,617 --> 00:06:51,786 and then you've got to go through all the procedures 66 00:06:51,869 --> 00:06:54,956 to make sure your suit is working right before you go outside. 67 00:06:57,083 --> 00:07:00,336 It's a whole different experience being on the outside of the station. 68 00:07:00,461 --> 00:07:03,089 We're here in Washington and the Washington Monument's downtown. 69 00:07:03,214 --> 00:07:04,799 If you could imagine someone asks you 70 00:07:04,882 --> 00:07:08,970 to go out the windows at the top of the monument and wash the outside. 71 00:07:09,095 --> 00:07:10,805 You open the window, you look out. 72 00:07:10,888 --> 00:07:13,057 There's nothing for 500 feet below you. 73 00:07:13,182 --> 00:07:16,227 So you open the hatch on the station. You look out. 74 00:07:16,352 --> 00:07:20,273 There's nothing except the atmosphere for 250 miles below you. 75 00:07:25,236 --> 00:07:28,906 You'd be very careful about making sure your tethers were always attached, 76 00:07:29,031 --> 00:07:32,160 because the Russian suit did not have a little rocket pack on the back 77 00:07:32,243 --> 00:07:34,120 to fly you back if you got loose. 78 00:07:41,544 --> 00:07:45,006 About an hour or so in, when I was feeling pretty comfortable, 79 00:07:45,089 --> 00:07:47,216 I found myself on top of the station, 80 00:07:47,341 --> 00:07:49,719 and so I put my feet under the hand-holds 81 00:07:49,844 --> 00:07:52,638 and I stood up on top of the station. 82 00:07:52,763 --> 00:07:56,767 Imagine standing on top of a 747 and holding on to just a little rope. 83 00:07:56,893 --> 00:07:58,811 That's what it was like standing up there, 84 00:07:58,936 --> 00:08:00,688 because you had the fuselage of the station, 85 00:08:00,813 --> 00:08:02,607 you had the wings of the solar arrays, 86 00:08:02,732 --> 00:08:06,486 and you're on top of the world, and it's all just unrolling beneath you. 87 00:08:20,458 --> 00:08:22,460 [applause] 88 00:08:25,087 --> 00:08:29,759 Throughout all history, humankind has had only one place to call home, 89 00:08:29,884 --> 00:08:31,511 our planet Earth. 90 00:08:31,636 --> 00:08:33,679 Beginning this year, 1998, 91 00:08:33,804 --> 00:08:37,391 men and women from 16 countries will build a foothold in the heavens, 92 00:08:37,517 --> 00:08:38,976 the International Space Station. 93 00:08:39,101 --> 00:08:43,898 With its vast expanses, scientists and engineers will actually set sail 94 00:08:44,023 --> 00:08:48,236 on an uncharted sea of limitless mystery and unlimited potential. 95 00:08:49,737 --> 00:08:51,739 [applause] 96 00:09:05,795 --> 00:09:11,467 [man] The space station is really like being on a ship, sailing some sea. 97 00:09:11,592 --> 00:09:17,640 We've drawn a lot of legacy that we all have as seafaring nations. 98 00:09:17,765 --> 00:09:19,308 What the space station provides 99 00:09:19,433 --> 00:09:23,312 is our chance to become a spacefaring civilization. 100 00:09:26,023 --> 00:09:30,528 {\an8}My name is Bill Shepherd, and I was the commander of Expedition 1, 101 00:09:30,653 --> 00:09:35,283 {\an8}the first crew on the space station that came aboard in November of 2001. 102 00:09:37,660 --> 00:09:41,080 When I was a young boy, the space program was starting 103 00:09:41,205 --> 00:09:42,915 and everybody wanted to be an astronaut. 104 00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:46,335 I didn't really have a good prospect of that 105 00:09:46,460 --> 00:09:49,422 until I was through college and in the navy, 106 00:09:49,547 --> 00:09:53,050 and a chance came up to apply for the space shuttle program, 107 00:09:53,175 --> 00:09:55,386 and that's how I got to NASA. 108 00:09:56,637 --> 00:10:01,726 When I was little, I used to cut up two-by-fours and make little boats. 109 00:10:02,226 --> 00:10:05,938 I'm still in the boat-building business. It's just in orbit. 110 00:10:08,024 --> 00:10:11,569 I don't really know why I was chosen 111 00:10:11,694 --> 00:10:14,697 to be the commander for the first expedition. 112 00:10:14,822 --> 00:10:18,576 In my time in the navy I worked with many foreign counterparts 113 00:10:18,701 --> 00:10:21,662 and there was a great amount of common sense 114 00:10:21,787 --> 00:10:25,333 and a little bit of kind of backyard diplomacy required for that. 115 00:10:25,458 --> 00:10:29,378 I don't know if that was why I got picked, but that helped me a great deal. 116 00:10:29,503 --> 00:10:30,796 There was a lot of controversy 117 00:10:30,921 --> 00:10:34,258 {\an8}when I was named to be the leader of the first crew. 118 00:10:34,383 --> 00:10:37,720 {\an8}I had two exceptional Russian cosmonauts as crewmates, 119 00:10:37,845 --> 00:10:41,849 but many of the political leadership in Russia 120 00:10:41,974 --> 00:10:44,685 were quite unhappy that, from their standpoint, 121 00:10:44,810 --> 00:10:47,188 the Americans had taken over their space program. 122 00:10:51,692 --> 00:10:56,364 [man in Russian] When I was really young, my dreams were more down-to-earth. 123 00:10:56,489 --> 00:10:58,783 However, they were always about technology. 124 00:10:58,908 --> 00:11:02,203 I liked machinery. Big, complicated machinery. 125 00:11:06,123 --> 00:11:10,086 As I headed towards my high-school graduation, 126 00:11:10,211 --> 00:11:17,176 I read quite a lot of quality sci-fi and thought it would be great 127 00:11:17,301 --> 00:11:20,429 to work in the space industry if I were lucky. 128 00:11:20,554 --> 00:11:22,765 ["Beautiful Hell" playing] 129 00:11:23,808 --> 00:11:29,939 ♪ I wonder how a gap can feel this much ♪ 130 00:11:30,022 --> 00:11:35,569 ♪ How a gap can feel Like something this big ♪ 131 00:11:35,736 --> 00:11:39,907 ♪ How it multiplies in my veins ♪ 132 00:11:40,074 --> 00:11:43,661 ♪ And in my blood and home ♪ 133 00:11:44,120 --> 00:11:48,499 ♪ And trigger itself in my thoughts ♪ 134 00:11:49,583 --> 00:11:52,128 ♪ Oh ♪ 135 00:11:53,796 --> 00:11:56,048 ♪ Oh ♪ 136 00:11:57,550 --> 00:11:59,885 ♪ Oh ♪ 137 00:12:00,219 --> 00:12:05,808 ♪ I wonder how a gap can feel this much ♪ 138 00:12:05,891 --> 00:12:11,605 ♪ How a gap can feel Like something this big ♪ 139 00:12:11,689 --> 00:12:15,985 ♪ How it multiplies in my veins ♪ 140 00:12:16,068 --> 00:12:20,114 ♪ And in my blood and home ♪ 141 00:12:20,197 --> 00:12:24,034 ♪ And trigger itself in my thoughts ♪ 142 00:12:24,743 --> 00:12:27,955 [in Russian] Like all boys, we'd look up into the sky, 143 00:12:28,080 --> 00:12:31,417 we'd read books, including the ones about space travel. 144 00:12:31,542 --> 00:12:35,546 I was old enough by that moment to realize 145 00:12:35,671 --> 00:12:39,175 that the odds of me becoming a cosmonaut weren't that high. 146 00:12:43,929 --> 00:12:46,891 My name is Sergei Krikalev. I'm a cosmonaut. 147 00:12:53,731 --> 00:12:56,150 The first crew started to come together, 148 00:12:56,275 --> 00:13:00,154 and as I had experience of working on both Mir and the shuttle, 149 00:13:00,279 --> 00:13:02,323 I was selected for that first crew. 150 00:13:02,448 --> 00:13:06,368 At first, Bill Shepherd and I were the only ones there. 151 00:13:06,494 --> 00:13:12,458 Shortly afterwards, Yuri Gidzenko was added to our crew. 152 00:13:12,583 --> 00:13:14,126 So that was the crew, 153 00:13:14,251 --> 00:13:16,420 Bill Shepherd, Yuri Gidzenko, and myself. 154 00:13:16,545 --> 00:13:20,216 We trained for nearly four years for that first long-term mission. 155 00:13:21,383 --> 00:13:22,760 {\an8}My name is Ginger Kerrick. 156 00:13:22,885 --> 00:13:26,305 {\an8}I am currently a division chief in the Flight Integration Division 157 00:13:26,430 --> 00:13:28,182 {\an8}at NASA Johnson Space Center. 158 00:13:28,307 --> 00:13:31,352 In the summer of '95, I took my application 159 00:13:31,477 --> 00:13:34,897 and marched it down to the astronaut selection office, turned it in. 160 00:13:35,022 --> 00:13:40,152 They had received over 3,000 applicants and had selected 120 to interview, 161 00:13:40,277 --> 00:13:42,196 and I was one of the 120. 162 00:13:42,905 --> 00:13:47,660 I was 26 years old, and I thought, "Oh, my gosh, my dream has come true." 163 00:13:47,785 --> 00:13:50,079 But when we went through interview week, 164 00:13:50,204 --> 00:13:55,042 they did medical tests and they found that I had kidney stones, 165 00:13:55,167 --> 00:13:57,920 and there was a new medical disqualification enacted that year 166 00:13:58,045 --> 00:14:01,048 that if your body shows the ability to form a single stone, 167 00:14:01,173 --> 00:14:04,009 it is a lifetime disqualification from consideration. 168 00:14:04,134 --> 00:14:09,098 So I was devastated, but I had started this new job 169 00:14:09,223 --> 00:14:12,226 where I got to teach astronauts in the Mission Operations Directorate, 170 00:14:12,351 --> 00:14:15,354 and I thought, well, maybe astronaut wasn't for me. 171 00:14:15,479 --> 00:14:19,775 Maybe there's another path that I was destined to take. 172 00:14:19,900 --> 00:14:22,444 Maybe I'm 26 years old, and I don't have everything figured out, 173 00:14:22,570 --> 00:14:26,073 so how about I be open-minded and see where this leads? 174 00:15:12,244 --> 00:15:15,205 Do you wanna go through these procedures or do you want a general tour? 175 00:15:15,331 --> 00:15:18,667 -General tour would be excellent. -Okay, let's start up here. 176 00:15:18,792 --> 00:15:21,295 [Ginger] I was assigned to support the first crew 177 00:15:21,420 --> 00:15:23,547 that was getting ready to fly on board 178 00:15:23,672 --> 00:15:27,301 the yet-to-be-constructed International Space Station. 179 00:15:27,426 --> 00:15:30,220 So I got assigned to Captain William Shepherd, 180 00:15:30,346 --> 00:15:33,265 Sergei Krikalev, and Yuri Gidzenko. 181 00:15:35,976 --> 00:15:38,604 [Ginger] Here's the person who's going to live in there. 182 00:15:38,729 --> 00:15:40,981 [Bill] Sergei, clean up your room. 183 00:15:42,483 --> 00:15:45,235 Open the door and throw everything out. 184 00:15:45,361 --> 00:15:47,196 [Ginger] Those guys were great. 185 00:15:47,321 --> 00:15:51,116 From an age perspective, Yuri was more my age, 186 00:15:51,241 --> 00:15:54,244 Sergei was about the age of my older brother, 187 00:15:54,370 --> 00:15:57,915 and Shep was 20 years older and kind of like a father figure. 188 00:15:58,040 --> 00:16:02,419 So managing those three personalities took a unique skill set. 189 00:16:03,128 --> 00:16:04,880 [Bill] This was a new vehicle. 190 00:16:05,005 --> 00:16:08,175 It had components from 15 different countries. 191 00:16:08,300 --> 00:16:12,680 The pieces were not gonna come together until they met each other in orbit. 192 00:16:12,805 --> 00:16:17,059 Many of the techniques and procedures we needed to operate it 193 00:16:17,184 --> 00:16:18,519 had not been written yet. 194 00:16:18,644 --> 00:16:23,148 So our training was very much "fly by the seat of your pants." 195 00:16:25,985 --> 00:16:28,529 [Sergei in Russian] The training was intense and unusual, 196 00:16:28,654 --> 00:16:29,822 even by modern standards. 197 00:16:29,947 --> 00:16:35,369 The level of our training was well above average, 198 00:16:35,494 --> 00:16:37,371 because we studied a lot of things 199 00:16:37,496 --> 00:16:40,457 just in case there's an emergency we cannot predict. 200 00:16:41,875 --> 00:16:45,921 We trained both in Houston and here in Star City. 201 00:16:46,046 --> 00:16:49,967 It was a very interesting and friendly 202 00:16:50,092 --> 00:16:52,720 experience exchange, information exchange, 203 00:16:52,845 --> 00:16:55,389 emotional exchange, impressions exchange, 204 00:16:55,514 --> 00:16:59,685 because everyone could learn something new. 205 00:17:06,775 --> 00:17:10,029 [Ginger] It was a wonderful experience, 206 00:17:10,154 --> 00:17:13,198 and if I had never watched the news, I would never have suspected 207 00:17:13,323 --> 00:17:16,744 that there would be any antagonism between Russia and the US, 208 00:17:16,869 --> 00:17:18,746 based on my experience. 209 00:17:18,871 --> 00:17:23,584 Both of us have been in competition since the early '60s, 210 00:17:23,709 --> 00:17:27,296 trying to get to space, the old space race, 211 00:17:27,421 --> 00:17:30,466 but now we recognize that if we're gonna go beyond low-Earth orbit, 212 00:17:30,591 --> 00:17:32,843 if we're gonna go to the Moon or Mars, 213 00:17:32,968 --> 00:17:35,888 the only way to do that is to do it together. 214 00:17:44,229 --> 00:17:48,150 [Bill] When we did land survival, we did it in the winter outside of Moscow, 215 00:17:48,275 --> 00:17:49,735 and it was very wet and cold. 216 00:17:49,860 --> 00:17:52,446 We were in a boilerplate capsule, as if we had just landed, 217 00:17:52,571 --> 00:17:54,573 we got out in our survival suits, 218 00:17:54,698 --> 00:17:57,868 and we had to build a little camp and then survive. 219 00:17:57,993 --> 00:18:01,997 It was an extremely good experience to bond the crew, 220 00:18:02,122 --> 00:18:04,541 and for time for us to really get to know each other 221 00:18:04,666 --> 00:18:09,505 and contribute to what each of us could offer as strengths and weaknesses. 222 00:18:19,431 --> 00:18:21,266 [Bill] We've been here for two days. 223 00:18:21,391 --> 00:18:24,269 Our launch is three days away, on Tuesday. 224 00:18:24,394 --> 00:18:28,440 Everything in the vehicle looks ready to go. Crew's well trained. 225 00:18:28,565 --> 00:18:32,027 We've been ready for probably a year to go fly in space. 226 00:18:32,152 --> 00:18:34,696 It's just kind of a quiet time, 227 00:18:34,822 --> 00:18:38,492 thinking about everything we have to do once we start flying, 228 00:18:38,617 --> 00:18:41,286 and Tuesday morning, we'll be ready. 229 00:18:41,411 --> 00:18:43,122 [interviewer] Beth, any thoughts? 230 00:18:43,247 --> 00:18:47,292 {\an8}Just still, I think, hard to believe that we're actually here, 231 00:18:47,417 --> 00:18:54,258 {\an8}and just looking forward to watching a great launch, so… 232 00:18:54,383 --> 00:18:57,886 [Bill] We launched on the 31st of October, 2000. 233 00:18:58,011 --> 00:19:02,558 We're out in Baikonur way out in the desert in Kazakhstan. 234 00:19:02,683 --> 00:19:06,520 We sign our names to the door of the room that we're in. 235 00:19:06,645 --> 00:19:08,647 I drew a little picture of Space Station. 236 00:19:08,772 --> 00:19:10,399 [commentator] Bill Shepherd's now joined 237 00:19:10,524 --> 00:19:13,277 by Johnson Space Center Director, Mr. George Abbey. 238 00:19:13,402 --> 00:19:15,904 This is just before the crew members were set 239 00:19:16,029 --> 00:19:19,992 to head over to the suit-up room this morning shortly after wake-up. 240 00:19:20,117 --> 00:19:21,660 [Bill] We have a little breakfast, 241 00:19:21,785 --> 00:19:25,789 and then we go out to the launch pad in a bus. 242 00:19:25,914 --> 00:19:28,250 [commentator] Bill Shepherd, the commander of Expedition 1, 243 00:19:28,375 --> 00:19:33,881 along with Yuri Gidzenko and Sergei Krikalev, now boarding a bus. 244 00:19:34,006 --> 00:19:37,342 The crew members will again head over to the suit-up room. 245 00:19:37,467 --> 00:19:40,929 [Bill] The Russian approach to rules is often quite different than the US, 246 00:19:41,054 --> 00:19:44,892 and that's one of the things you get to appreciate sometimes. 247 00:19:47,311 --> 00:19:51,940 In the United States, we have a very regimented procedure 248 00:19:52,065 --> 00:19:55,527 for how you deal with friends and family right before the launch. 249 00:19:55,652 --> 00:20:00,949 I waved goodbye to my wife about two hours before we launched, 250 00:20:01,074 --> 00:20:04,494 and then we're driving away in the bus, and I saw her through the window. 251 00:20:04,620 --> 00:20:09,708 But then right as we're getting ready to go out to the rocket, 252 00:20:09,833 --> 00:20:12,544 she surprised me from behind. 253 00:20:12,669 --> 00:20:14,254 Whoa! This was… 254 00:20:14,379 --> 00:20:17,633 It was great, but it was just kind of an unexpected moment 255 00:20:17,758 --> 00:20:20,552 that you would not find in the US program. 256 00:20:21,345 --> 00:20:26,183 [commentator] Bill Shepherd, on the left… on the right of the commander. 257 00:20:26,308 --> 00:20:27,935 Now heading to the launch pad. 258 00:20:42,783 --> 00:20:47,246 [Ginger] I was in Baikonur, Kazakhstan, and as soon as they shut the hatch, 259 00:20:47,371 --> 00:20:49,122 I started hyperventilating, 260 00:20:49,248 --> 00:20:54,211 because I felt like my brother and my dad, basically, 261 00:20:54,336 --> 00:20:58,632 were locked on a rocket, and I couldn't process that. 262 00:20:58,757 --> 00:21:01,677 And one of the Russian generals got me 263 00:21:01,802 --> 00:21:04,805 and he's moving me through the crowd, and he says… 264 00:21:04,930 --> 00:21:06,765 [speaks Russian] 265 00:21:06,890 --> 00:21:09,851 That means, "It's the mother of the crew." 266 00:21:09,977 --> 00:21:13,605 And he was trying to part the crowd so I could see my crew on video, 267 00:21:13,730 --> 00:21:15,691 and it made me feel a lot better. 268 00:21:17,359 --> 00:21:20,779 We became a family, and we all still stay in touch to this day, 269 00:21:20,904 --> 00:21:23,031 so it was a wonderful experience. 270 00:21:24,324 --> 00:21:26,576 -[woman] Ignition. -[man] T-minus ten seconds, nine… 271 00:21:26,702 --> 00:21:29,162 [Bill] The day, it was very foggy. 272 00:21:29,288 --> 00:21:31,748 We wouldn't have launched in the United States 273 00:21:31,873 --> 00:21:33,875 because you need a little bit of visibility, 274 00:21:34,001 --> 00:21:38,005 which we didn't have that day in Kazakhstan, 275 00:21:38,130 --> 00:21:40,757 but the Russians fired up and flew right through it. 276 00:21:40,882 --> 00:21:42,592 [commentator] Lift-off of the Soyuz rocket, 277 00:21:42,718 --> 00:21:45,679 beginning the first expedition to the International Space Station 278 00:21:45,804 --> 00:21:49,057 and setting the stage for permanent human presence in space. 279 00:21:49,975 --> 00:21:53,186 [Ginger] Physically, you feel the heat, you feel the vibrations, 280 00:21:53,312 --> 00:21:57,357 but I guess because I had such a personal connection to them, 281 00:21:57,482 --> 00:21:59,860 it felt… I could feel it here. 282 00:21:59,985 --> 00:22:06,158 It was this culmination of the actual physical event that was going on 283 00:22:06,283 --> 00:22:09,202 but actually the last four years of my life 284 00:22:09,328 --> 00:22:11,913 and the personal connection I had with these people. 285 00:22:12,039 --> 00:22:16,668 It was overwhelming and I don't know that I can describe what it felt like 286 00:22:16,793 --> 00:22:20,297 to watch that particular crew launch. 287 00:22:32,809 --> 00:22:34,978 [Sergei in Russian] Yes! We've arrived! 288 00:22:35,520 --> 00:22:38,774 We've finally arrived! 289 00:22:38,899 --> 00:22:40,901 [conversation in Russian] 290 00:22:43,820 --> 00:22:47,282 [Bill] It's uncomfortable, somewhat awkward, 291 00:22:47,407 --> 00:22:51,620 but the vehicle itself was very safe and we had a good ride to orbit, 292 00:22:51,745 --> 00:22:55,832 and my sense of surety, if you will, 293 00:22:56,333 --> 00:22:59,628 that we were gonna have a good mission was pretty high. 294 00:23:06,468 --> 00:23:10,055 {\an8}[commentator] In a few seconds, we will have the docking, 295 00:23:10,180 --> 00:23:12,057 the first mechanical contact. 296 00:23:13,183 --> 00:23:15,268 [commentator 2] Six meters distance. 297 00:23:15,393 --> 00:23:17,270 Five. Four. 298 00:23:18,605 --> 00:23:20,148 [woman] Four. 299 00:23:20,273 --> 00:23:21,441 [commentator 2] Three meters. 300 00:23:21,566 --> 00:23:22,943 -Two meters. -[commentator] Two. 301 00:23:24,277 --> 00:23:25,529 [woman] Three. 302 00:23:26,279 --> 00:23:28,490 -[commentator] And… -[commentator 2] And… 303 00:23:29,908 --> 00:23:32,577 [commentator] Contact. We have a successful docking. 304 00:23:32,702 --> 00:23:35,747 -The people are applauding here. -[commentator 2] I can confirm that. 305 00:23:36,998 --> 00:23:41,545 So the first crew of the International Space Station have reached their home. 306 00:23:41,670 --> 00:23:43,839 We docked on the second of November. 307 00:23:45,632 --> 00:23:48,677 It took a while to equalize the pressure and then open the hatch, 308 00:23:48,802 --> 00:23:50,720 and then our mission started. 309 00:23:50,846 --> 00:23:52,889 [in Russian] The first time! 310 00:23:53,014 --> 00:23:56,226 The new station. The new International Space Station. 311 00:23:57,352 --> 00:23:59,146 [in English] Okay, it's this. 312 00:24:01,606 --> 00:24:03,775 [Bill] You might think the commander wanted to be 313 00:24:03,900 --> 00:24:05,277 the first one through the hatch, 314 00:24:05,360 --> 00:24:07,988 but I really didn't wanna do that for two reasons. 315 00:24:08,113 --> 00:24:10,866 One is Sergei and Yuri had had a lot of experience 316 00:24:10,991 --> 00:24:13,743 with docking and opening hatches and doing it correctly. 317 00:24:14,619 --> 00:24:16,371 I was the neophyte. 318 00:24:16,496 --> 00:24:19,916 I didn't think it was my place to get in front of them and try and do that. 319 00:24:20,041 --> 00:24:23,628 But the second thing was, as the commander, 320 00:24:23,753 --> 00:24:27,632 I wanted one of them to have the honor of being the first one in. 321 00:24:29,426 --> 00:24:32,179 [in Russian] Somebody has to turn on the lights. 322 00:24:33,471 --> 00:24:35,182 [Sergei in Russian] I remember knowing 323 00:24:35,307 --> 00:24:36,808 by touch where the switches were, 324 00:24:36,933 --> 00:24:40,562 so we switched on the lights, and it was kind of a seminal event. 325 00:24:41,354 --> 00:24:46,818 ♪ I wonder how a gap can feel this much ♪ 326 00:24:46,902 --> 00:24:52,741 ♪ How a gap can feel Like something this big ♪ 327 00:24:52,824 --> 00:24:57,120 ♪ How it multiplies in my veins ♪ 328 00:24:57,204 --> 00:25:00,665 ♪ And in my blood and home ♪ 329 00:25:00,832 --> 00:25:05,045 [Sergei] Well, I think looking back, we can see it was a historic moment. 330 00:25:05,170 --> 00:25:08,840 But back then we were completely immersed in our work. 331 00:25:08,965 --> 00:25:13,136 We realized that we had reached a station that was in a dormant mode 332 00:25:13,220 --> 00:25:17,807 and none of the systems could really support the crew's functions. 333 00:25:17,933 --> 00:25:22,812 Ahead of us there was rather important and rather urgent work 334 00:25:22,938 --> 00:25:26,399 to activate all of the station systems 335 00:25:26,524 --> 00:25:31,571 for it to begin to work as it should, supporting the crew's lives. 336 00:25:34,241 --> 00:25:39,454 [Bill] We had about an hour and a half before we were headed over Europe 337 00:25:39,579 --> 00:25:42,832 and we were gonna have a live press conference with the ground. 338 00:25:42,958 --> 00:25:47,754 And we had to find a TV cable, we had to hook it up, set the TV up, 339 00:25:47,879 --> 00:25:50,298 turn the lights on, make sure the sound was right. 340 00:25:50,423 --> 00:25:51,925 We couldn't find any of this stuff. 341 00:25:52,050 --> 00:25:55,679 So we're scrambling around inside the module like madmen 342 00:25:55,804 --> 00:25:59,474 to figure out what this stuff was and where to set it up, 343 00:25:59,599 --> 00:26:01,935 and we did it just in time. 344 00:26:02,060 --> 00:26:04,229 Just as the crackling started 345 00:26:04,354 --> 00:26:07,399 when the radio said we're in contact with the ground 346 00:26:07,524 --> 00:26:11,319 and we turned the TV on and it was done. It was frantic. 347 00:26:11,444 --> 00:26:15,365 The first expedition on Space Station 348 00:26:15,490 --> 00:26:21,329 requests permission to take the radio call sign Alpha. 349 00:26:21,955 --> 00:26:23,957 [man laughs] 350 00:26:30,005 --> 00:26:33,675 [man] Temporarily taken as Alpha. Go ahead. 351 00:26:33,800 --> 00:26:35,593 Have a good day. 352 00:26:36,428 --> 00:26:38,972 The little red light went off, we turned the camera off, 353 00:26:39,097 --> 00:26:42,267 and we were just sitting there saying we're done with the day. 354 00:27:00,618 --> 00:27:02,620 [insects buzz] 355 00:27:10,587 --> 00:27:13,631 [woman] I grew up in rural Iowa, 356 00:27:13,757 --> 00:27:17,761 in the south-western part of the state, on a farm. 357 00:27:17,886 --> 00:27:21,014 Closest town had 32 people when I was growing up. 358 00:27:21,139 --> 00:27:24,976 It's now, like, only 11 or so, so it's pretty rural. 359 00:27:25,101 --> 00:27:27,771 Not a lot of folks around. 360 00:27:27,896 --> 00:27:32,025 The cornfields, the soybean rows, the rolling hills, 361 00:27:32,150 --> 00:27:34,486 it's just a beautiful area to grow up. 362 00:27:35,695 --> 00:27:37,864 The night skies, of course, are wonderful. 363 00:27:37,989 --> 00:27:40,575 There's just not a lot of light pollution around. 364 00:27:41,785 --> 00:27:44,788 I remember as a kid looking at the stars 365 00:27:44,913 --> 00:27:48,500 and watching for meteorites as they would enter the atmosphere. 366 00:27:55,715 --> 00:27:58,385 [man] Okay, Neil, we can see you coming down the ladder now. 367 00:27:58,885 --> 00:28:00,720 [Neil Armstrong] Okay, I just checked, 368 00:28:00,804 --> 00:28:03,139 getting back up to that first step, Buzz. 369 00:28:03,264 --> 00:28:08,311 It's not even collapsed too far, but it's adequate to get back up. 370 00:28:08,436 --> 00:28:13,400 [woman] The night of the Moon landing, July 20th, 50 years ago, 371 00:28:13,525 --> 00:28:16,569 which is kind of amazing to me to think of at this point, 372 00:28:16,694 --> 00:28:20,698 but I was nine years old, and that was past our bedtime. 373 00:28:20,824 --> 00:28:26,079 So it was a big deal to even just get to stay up and watch in our pajamas 374 00:28:26,204 --> 00:28:29,582 as they took those first steps on the Moon. 375 00:28:29,707 --> 00:28:31,626 [Armstrong] Okay, I'm gonna step off the LM now. 376 00:28:32,877 --> 00:28:35,380 That's one small step for man, 377 00:28:37,924 --> 00:28:40,719 one giant leap for mankind. 378 00:28:42,637 --> 00:28:45,181 [woman] It left an imprint in me, 379 00:28:45,306 --> 00:28:50,562 gave me a desire to want to be an explorer like those guys. 380 00:28:52,939 --> 00:28:55,775 {\an8}My name is Peggy Whitson, and I'm a former astronaut. 381 00:28:57,902 --> 00:28:59,487 {\an8}As a youngster I was pretty quiet. 382 00:28:59,612 --> 00:29:02,991 I didn't really tell a lot of people I wanted to become an astronaut. 383 00:29:03,116 --> 00:29:08,204 It wasn't until I got to college that I started sharing my goal. 384 00:29:08,329 --> 00:29:10,665 My parents were always extremely supportive, 385 00:29:10,749 --> 00:29:13,626 even though I really don't think my mother much cared for the idea 386 00:29:13,710 --> 00:29:15,170 of me getting into a rocket. 387 00:29:15,295 --> 00:29:16,296 [laughs] 388 00:29:16,421 --> 00:29:19,924 I applied to be an astronaut for a course of ten years 389 00:29:20,049 --> 00:29:21,593 before I was selected. 390 00:29:21,718 --> 00:29:24,929 Over those ten years they were having selections every two years 391 00:29:25,054 --> 00:29:30,185 and I was being rejected on a bi-yearly cycle, 392 00:29:30,310 --> 00:29:35,106 getting these wonderful little postcards saying I was rejected. 393 00:29:35,231 --> 00:29:39,778 I think just some of that farmer-stubborn, 394 00:29:39,903 --> 00:29:44,365 never-give-up kind of thing kept me going. 395 00:29:44,491 --> 00:29:49,078 Looking back on it, it doesn't seem rational or logical 396 00:29:49,204 --> 00:29:52,540 that I would keep pushing and keep pushing, 397 00:29:52,665 --> 00:29:56,419 and keep trying in spite of being rejected all the time. 398 00:29:56,544 --> 00:29:58,963 ["The Place I Want To Be" playing] 399 00:30:13,269 --> 00:30:17,982 ♪ Old town seven times erased ♪ 400 00:30:21,069 --> 00:30:25,657 ♪ Crawled out from the pyre again ♪ 401 00:30:27,158 --> 00:30:34,082 ♪ This is the place I want to be ♪ 402 00:30:35,083 --> 00:30:40,046 ♪ Is the place I'll fall ♪ 403 00:30:42,966 --> 00:30:47,512 ♪ Silkworm spin a thread for me ♪ 404 00:30:50,890 --> 00:30:56,980 ♪ No waste Nothing left that I don't need ♪ 405 00:30:57,146 --> 00:31:04,112 ♪ Yours is the face I want to see ♪ 406 00:31:04,612 --> 00:31:10,618 ♪ It's the place I'm warm ♪ 407 00:31:14,622 --> 00:31:20,044 ♪ And I won't turn my back on this ♪ 408 00:31:20,128 --> 00:31:21,629 [Peggy] "Dear younger me. 409 00:31:21,754 --> 00:31:23,172 You just watched on TV 410 00:31:23,298 --> 00:31:27,135 {\an8}as Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin took the first steps on the Moon. 411 00:31:27,260 --> 00:31:31,180 That moment in time planted a seed of inspiration in you. 412 00:31:31,306 --> 00:31:36,519 Now it's up to you to nourish that seed and grow it into more than just a dream. 413 00:31:39,355 --> 00:31:42,984 It will be ten years of applying before ever becoming an astronaut. 414 00:31:43,109 --> 00:31:45,236 The rejections will be discouraging, 415 00:31:45,361 --> 00:31:48,948 but in your typical style, you will just keep trying. 416 00:31:49,073 --> 00:31:52,118 All those years of anticipation will be surpassed 417 00:31:52,243 --> 00:31:54,412 when the solid rocket boosters ignite 418 00:31:54,537 --> 00:31:57,040 and you are literally roaring into space." 419 00:31:57,165 --> 00:32:00,376 [reporter] Peggy Whitson, rocketing towards the International Space Station. 420 00:32:00,501 --> 00:32:02,921 [Peggy] "Believe it or not, you will spend more time in space 421 00:32:03,046 --> 00:32:07,508 than any other American astronaut, and earn the nickname Space Ninja. 422 00:32:07,634 --> 00:32:09,594 You will grow soybeans on orbit, 423 00:32:09,677 --> 00:32:13,056 while your father will grow soybeans on Earth. 424 00:32:13,181 --> 00:32:16,267 You will walk in space ten times. 425 00:32:16,935 --> 00:32:21,731 You will find that living in space can actually become a home. 426 00:32:21,856 --> 00:32:23,399 You will be a role model. 427 00:32:23,524 --> 00:32:25,485 I'm still struggling with this one, 428 00:32:25,610 --> 00:32:28,529 so you need to step up a bit earlier than I have done. 429 00:32:30,198 --> 00:32:33,618 You will learn that you are so much more than you are capable of 430 00:32:33,743 --> 00:32:36,371 and more than you might imagine or even dream. 431 00:32:38,289 --> 00:32:40,083 Sincerely, the older you." 432 00:32:40,917 --> 00:32:47,048 ♪ And I won't turn my back on this ♪ 433 00:33:05,984 --> 00:33:08,486 [in Russian] I'm Sergey Volkov, a Russian pilot and cosmonaut. 434 00:33:08,611 --> 00:33:14,784 My father, Aleksandr Volkov, also went to space, to the Mir station. 435 00:33:14,909 --> 00:33:18,746 I was born in Kharkiv, Ukraine, 436 00:33:18,830 --> 00:33:22,917 when my father was an instructor pilot. 437 00:33:25,336 --> 00:33:28,131 Then he was selected to join a cosmonaut group 438 00:33:28,256 --> 00:33:34,178 and our family moved to Star City in 1978. 439 00:33:35,304 --> 00:33:37,056 I was four at the time, 440 00:33:37,181 --> 00:33:41,561 so it feels like I've lived my whole life in Star City. 441 00:33:44,772 --> 00:33:46,983 Because my father was a cosmonaut, 442 00:33:47,108 --> 00:33:50,236 I was seeing not just 443 00:33:50,319 --> 00:33:54,907 the public side of the profession. 444 00:33:55,033 --> 00:33:56,576 I saw it from the inside, 445 00:33:56,701 --> 00:34:00,705 and maybe that's why I didn't dream of becoming a cosmonaut as a child. 446 00:34:00,788 --> 00:34:07,754 This profession seemed so heroic and so difficult to me. 447 00:34:10,256 --> 00:34:14,010 When I grew up, I made the conscious decision 448 00:34:14,135 --> 00:34:18,973 to take on the responsibility and accept the risks. 449 00:34:25,605 --> 00:34:27,356 It was strange 450 00:34:27,482 --> 00:34:32,320 because my father was the commanding officer 451 00:34:32,445 --> 00:34:39,410 and he learned about me joining by looking through case files 452 00:34:39,535 --> 00:34:43,331 of the candidates selected for the physical. 453 00:34:43,456 --> 00:34:45,291 So he came home one night with a question, 454 00:34:45,416 --> 00:34:48,377 "Have you decided to become a cosmonaut?" 455 00:34:48,503 --> 00:34:51,380 So we talked, and that's when my mother learned 456 00:34:51,506 --> 00:34:53,591 about me wanting to be a cosmonaut. 457 00:34:53,716 --> 00:34:59,972 Of course, it came as a surprise for them, to put it mildly. 458 00:35:03,309 --> 00:35:05,978 He came to all three of my take-offs. 459 00:35:06,562 --> 00:35:11,025 It's a complicated mix of feelings, but of positive feelings, 460 00:35:12,443 --> 00:35:18,074 because you train very hard, for a long time. 461 00:35:18,199 --> 00:35:19,659 It took me ten years. 462 00:35:20,326 --> 00:35:26,290 My father led me to the rocket. We walked together, he supported me, 463 00:35:26,415 --> 00:35:31,129 we walked from the bus across the take-off pad, 464 00:35:31,254 --> 00:35:34,590 and he walked with me to the lift. 465 00:35:42,765 --> 00:35:48,354 Then when we were lifted up inside the rocket, 466 00:35:48,479 --> 00:35:50,773 into our own spaceship, 467 00:35:50,898 --> 00:35:56,529 we were closed in. You hear the rocket come alive. 468 00:35:56,654 --> 00:36:03,327 Valves open, fuel moves, the liquids, 469 00:36:04,162 --> 00:36:11,085 you're inside, you're one with it, and when the launch actually starts, 470 00:36:11,210 --> 00:36:16,257 you hear the engines work down there, 471 00:36:16,382 --> 00:36:19,468 this calm vibration, the right kind. 472 00:36:26,934 --> 00:36:33,316 The second the rocket goes, that first overload, 473 00:36:33,441 --> 00:36:38,654 these three people, not just me, but the whole crew, 474 00:36:39,780 --> 00:36:42,283 are the happiest people on Earth. 475 00:36:45,786 --> 00:36:49,123 ["Sun Forest" playing] 476 00:37:18,486 --> 00:37:23,199 ♪ I lay in the forest amongst The butterflies and the fireflies ♪ 477 00:37:23,282 --> 00:37:27,036 ♪ And the burning horses And the flaming trees ♪ 478 00:37:27,119 --> 00:37:30,957 ♪ As a spiral of children Climb up to the sun ♪ 479 00:37:31,040 --> 00:37:34,669 ♪ Waving goodbye to you And goodbye to me ♪ 480 00:37:34,752 --> 00:37:38,714 ♪ As the past pulls away And the future begins ♪ 481 00:37:38,798 --> 00:37:43,469 ♪ I say goodbye to all that As the future rolls in ♪ 482 00:37:43,552 --> 00:37:46,806 ♪ Like a wave, like a wave ♪ 483 00:37:46,889 --> 00:37:50,434 ♪ And the past with its savage undertow ♪ 484 00:37:50,518 --> 00:37:53,062 ♪ Lets go ♪ 485 00:38:02,780 --> 00:38:07,493 ♪ Come on everyone, come on everyone ♪ 486 00:38:08,077 --> 00:38:12,498 ♪ A spiral of children Climbs up to the sun ♪ 487 00:38:12,581 --> 00:38:17,628 ♪ To the sun, to the sun And on each golden rung ♪ 488 00:38:17,712 --> 00:38:21,882 ♪ A spiral of children Climbs up to the sun ♪ 489 00:38:42,069 --> 00:38:44,488 [thunder crashes] 490 00:38:44,613 --> 00:38:46,615 [rain falls] 491 00:38:48,326 --> 00:38:51,162 [man] I remember having this recurring, it wasn't really a dream, 492 00:38:51,287 --> 00:38:54,749 it was more like just this idea, this feeling. 493 00:38:55,750 --> 00:38:57,960 I know it sounds weird, and I'm not kind of a believer 494 00:38:58,085 --> 00:39:02,256 in this kind of weird stuff like this, but it's true, I had this feeling 495 00:39:02,381 --> 00:39:06,635 that someday I would live in a really small space, 496 00:39:06,761 --> 00:39:11,682 and it wouldn't be particularly unpleasant being there. 497 00:39:11,807 --> 00:39:13,851 And once I flew into space 498 00:39:13,976 --> 00:39:18,022 and lived in the crew quarters on the International Space Station, 499 00:39:18,147 --> 00:39:22,526 it just seemed like my childhood memory. Very strange. 500 00:39:24,111 --> 00:39:27,782 My name's Scott Kelly. I am a former NASA astronaut. 501 00:39:29,283 --> 00:39:31,452 Spent a lot of time on the space station. 502 00:39:31,577 --> 00:39:33,371 Over 500 days. 503 00:39:38,334 --> 00:39:41,128 My family was me, my twin brother, Mark, 504 00:39:41,253 --> 00:39:44,632 my mom and dad, who were both police officers. 505 00:39:44,757 --> 00:39:49,095 {\an8}I was a very rambunctious kid 506 00:39:49,220 --> 00:39:51,472 {\an8}that could not pay attention in school. 507 00:39:51,972 --> 00:39:55,976 I know that's somewhat counter-intuitive to what people think of an astronaut. 508 00:39:56,102 --> 00:39:57,645 You think, "That guy's an astronaut. 509 00:39:57,770 --> 00:40:01,732 He must have been the smartest kid in the class, the overachiever." 510 00:40:01,857 --> 00:40:03,109 But that was not me. 511 00:40:03,234 --> 00:40:05,486 ["(Don't Fear) The Reaper" playing] 512 00:40:12,284 --> 00:40:15,788 I was the kid in the back of the room, 513 00:40:15,913 --> 00:40:18,290 always distracted, looking out the window, 514 00:40:18,416 --> 00:40:21,168 looking at the clock, trying to make it go faster. 515 00:40:25,631 --> 00:40:28,509 [school bell rings] 516 00:40:30,886 --> 00:40:32,346 I was a good kid, you know. 517 00:40:32,471 --> 00:40:36,934 But I had no motivation at all to do anything related to school. 518 00:40:38,060 --> 00:40:39,311 ♪ Come on, baby ♪ 519 00:40:39,395 --> 00:40:41,188 ♪ Don't fear the reaper ♪ 520 00:40:41,272 --> 00:40:42,731 ♪ Baby, take my hand ♪ 521 00:40:42,815 --> 00:40:44,275 Thinking back to when we were kids, 522 00:40:44,400 --> 00:40:49,947 I don't know how our mother didn't, like, send us away to some home. 523 00:40:50,072 --> 00:40:53,200 We were probably teenagers when finally she says, 524 00:40:53,325 --> 00:40:56,537 "Can you guys just please stop running everywhere?" 525 00:40:56,662 --> 00:41:01,292 And I felt, like, "It's not possible. I cannot not run everywhere," 526 00:41:01,417 --> 00:41:07,131 or do whatever seemed like taking unnecessary risk as a kid. 527 00:41:11,093 --> 00:41:13,345 I went to college because I didn't know what else to do, 528 00:41:13,471 --> 00:41:15,514 {\an8}and that seemed like the thing to do, so I went, 529 00:41:15,639 --> 00:41:18,017 {\an8}but really was on kind of that fast-track 530 00:41:18,142 --> 00:41:21,395 {\an8}to being a, you know, first-year college dropout. 531 00:41:21,479 --> 00:41:23,814 Then one day I'm just walking across the campus, 532 00:41:23,898 --> 00:41:26,066 and I happen to go into the college bookstore, 533 00:41:26,192 --> 00:41:28,569 saw this book on the end of the aisle, 534 00:41:28,694 --> 00:41:32,781 had a really cool title, it had a red, white and blue cover, 535 00:41:32,907 --> 00:41:35,576 just made me wanna pick it up, looked exciting. 536 00:41:35,701 --> 00:41:38,162 I remember just lying there for a few days 537 00:41:38,287 --> 00:41:41,290 on my unmade, college freshman, dorm-room bed 538 00:41:41,415 --> 00:41:44,376 and just read the stories of the fighter pilots 539 00:41:44,460 --> 00:41:45,669 that later became test pilots 540 00:41:45,794 --> 00:41:48,964 that became the original Mercury, Gemini and Apollo astronauts. 541 00:41:49,089 --> 00:41:51,342 The book was The Right Stuff by Tom Wolfe. 542 00:41:51,467 --> 00:41:55,054 {\an8}It inspired me to want to do what they did. 543 00:41:55,179 --> 00:41:57,348 {\an8}Sometimes you mention that to people and they're, like, 544 00:41:57,473 --> 00:42:00,684 you know, 18-year-old kid reads a book, 545 00:42:00,809 --> 00:42:03,687 decides he or she is gonna become a NASA astronaut. 546 00:42:03,812 --> 00:42:05,940 That's a giant leap. 547 00:42:06,065 --> 00:42:07,816 But, in retrospect, really what it was 548 00:42:07,942 --> 00:42:10,528 was a bunch of much, much smaller, manageable steps, 549 00:42:10,653 --> 00:42:13,697 just one built upon the other. 550 00:42:14,490 --> 00:42:17,576 Become good student, go into the military, 551 00:42:17,701 --> 00:42:20,913 fly fighter planes off the aircraft carrier, 552 00:42:21,038 --> 00:42:22,623 become a test pilot, 553 00:42:22,748 --> 00:42:25,543 and then maybe at least I would have a chance. 554 00:42:25,668 --> 00:42:28,045 I did apply. My twin brother also applied. 555 00:42:28,170 --> 00:42:32,132 I figured there was no way I was gonna get selected, so I loaned him my suit. 556 00:42:32,258 --> 00:42:35,135 Then they call me a couple of months later, tell me, 557 00:42:35,261 --> 00:42:38,472 "Hey, we wanna interview you as well." 558 00:42:38,597 --> 00:42:41,559 So I tell my brother, "Hey, Mark, NASA called me for an interview, 559 00:42:41,684 --> 00:42:45,312 but you understand, you know, you gotta buy me a new suit, right, 560 00:42:45,437 --> 00:42:48,399 'cause just how ridiculous would that look, 561 00:42:48,524 --> 00:42:50,651 me showing up in the same clothes?" 562 00:42:50,776 --> 00:42:51,610 But he didn't. 563 00:42:51,694 --> 00:42:55,155 So I have the only suit that's been selected to be an astronaut twice. 564 00:42:55,281 --> 00:42:56,782 Okay, Scott, the weather's great, 565 00:42:56,907 --> 00:42:59,034 Endeavour's ready to fly after four and a half years, 566 00:42:59,159 --> 00:43:02,079 so good luck, Godspeed and have some fun up there. 567 00:43:02,580 --> 00:43:05,082 [Scott] Well, thanks, Mike. We'll see you in a couple of weeks, 568 00:43:05,207 --> 00:43:08,877 and thanks for loaning us your space shuttle. 569 00:43:09,003 --> 00:43:13,173 Good, Scott. Thanks a lot. Take good care of that great ship Endeavour. 570 00:43:13,299 --> 00:43:17,052 [man] T-minus ten, nine, eight, seven, six. 571 00:43:17,177 --> 00:43:19,096 Go for main engines start. 572 00:43:19,221 --> 00:43:23,225 Four, three, two, one, zero. 573 00:43:23,350 --> 00:43:26,437 {\an8}And lift-off of space shuttle Endeavour. 574 00:43:26,562 --> 00:43:29,273 {\an8}♪ Sun is shinin' in the sky ♪ 575 00:43:29,523 --> 00:43:32,693 ♪ There ain't a cloud in sight ♪ 576 00:43:32,776 --> 00:43:36,405 ♪ It's stopped rainin' Everybody's in the play ♪ 577 00:43:36,488 --> 00:43:38,324 ♪ And don't you know ♪ 578 00:43:38,407 --> 00:43:41,619 ♪ It's a beautiful new day, hey ♪ 579 00:43:41,702 --> 00:43:44,121 [commentator] Endeavour rolling on to the proper alignment, 580 00:43:44,204 --> 00:43:47,249 heads down, wings level, for the eight-and-a-half-minute ride to orbit, 581 00:43:47,374 --> 00:43:51,003 taking aim on the International Space Station for docking on Friday. 582 00:43:57,926 --> 00:44:00,304 [Scott] It looks like the space shuttle lifts off slowly. 583 00:44:00,387 --> 00:44:02,931 When you're inside of it, there is nothing slow about that. 584 00:44:03,015 --> 00:44:07,770 It's seven million pounds of thrust instantly on your back 585 00:44:07,895 --> 00:44:11,607 and you feel like you can feel every pound of it. 586 00:44:13,150 --> 00:44:15,277 [commentator] One minute, 30 seconds into the flight. 587 00:44:15,402 --> 00:44:18,906 Endeavour currently traveling almost 2,000 miles an hour. 588 00:44:19,907 --> 00:44:24,703 [Scott] You know you are in this incredibly complex machine 589 00:44:24,828 --> 00:44:28,957 that is operating at really the limits of our ability 590 00:44:29,083 --> 00:44:32,628 to produce energy in a spacecraft. 591 00:44:32,753 --> 00:44:35,297 Feel every pound of that seven million pounds of thrust. 592 00:44:35,422 --> 00:44:36,882 It is absolutely crazy. 593 00:44:37,716 --> 00:44:39,802 [commentator] Booster rockets are confirmed staging. 594 00:44:39,927 --> 00:44:43,263 A good solid rocket booster separation. Guidance now converging. 595 00:44:45,140 --> 00:44:49,687 Endeavour traveling almost 4,000 miles an hour, 47 miles in altitude. 596 00:44:51,522 --> 00:44:53,440 We're coming up on the point of negative return, 597 00:44:53,565 --> 00:44:55,567 where the shuttle will be too far down range, 598 00:44:55,651 --> 00:44:57,736 too high in altitude to return to the launch site 599 00:44:57,820 --> 00:44:59,530 in the event of an engine failure. 600 00:44:59,655 --> 00:45:01,281 [man] Endeavour, negative return. 601 00:45:02,533 --> 00:45:04,118 [Scott] Negative return. 602 00:45:07,579 --> 00:45:09,915 [commentator] Standing by for external tank separation. 603 00:45:16,296 --> 00:45:20,509 External tank separation confirmed. Endeavour now in its preliminary orbit. 604 00:45:21,718 --> 00:45:25,597 Commander Scott Kelly now maneuvering Endeavour to the correct orientation. 605 00:45:32,062 --> 00:45:35,149 [Scott] Copy. Nominal MECO. OMS-1 is not required. 606 00:45:35,899 --> 00:45:38,068 [commentator] A smooth climb to orbit for Endeavour 607 00:45:38,193 --> 00:45:41,822 and its seven crew members, heading for what could be two weeks in space 608 00:45:41,905 --> 00:45:43,907 and a visit to the International Space Station 609 00:45:44,032 --> 00:45:46,702 with docking planned for Friday afternoon. 610 00:46:16,440 --> 00:46:20,027 [man] As a glass artist, I'm inspired by the planets. 611 00:46:20,611 --> 00:46:22,654 Actually, I've always been inspired by the planets. 612 00:46:22,779 --> 00:46:27,242 Even when I was a kid, I loved looking up at the stars. 613 00:46:28,619 --> 00:46:32,456 Glass is just sand. It's part of the Earth. 614 00:46:33,790 --> 00:46:36,793 When it's hot, glass is alive. 615 00:46:36,919 --> 00:46:39,004 It has an inner light. 616 00:46:39,922 --> 00:46:43,675 It is a weird twist of fate that I was making planets 617 00:46:43,800 --> 00:46:48,180 and making space-related artwork long before Cady and I met. 618 00:46:50,807 --> 00:46:55,604 My name is Josh Simpson. My wife, Cady Coleman, is an astronaut. 619 00:46:56,730 --> 00:46:59,733 [commentator] Cady Coleman, Paolo Nespoli, and Dmitri Kondratyev 620 00:46:59,858 --> 00:47:02,319 head toward the International Space Station. 621 00:47:03,195 --> 00:47:05,864 Soyuz lighting up the night sky there at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. 622 00:47:05,989 --> 00:47:08,408 It's a good pitch program according to flight controllers. 623 00:47:08,492 --> 00:47:09,660 [Cady] Thrusters are stable. 624 00:47:09,743 --> 00:47:11,995 [commentator] The Soyuz is delivering 102 tons of thrust 625 00:47:12,120 --> 00:47:14,331 from its four boosters and single engine. 626 00:47:14,456 --> 00:47:16,959 The first stage of the Soyuz measures 68 feet in length 627 00:47:17,084 --> 00:47:18,669 and 24 feet in diameter. 628 00:47:18,794 --> 00:47:19,878 It is burning liquid fuel 629 00:47:20,003 --> 00:47:22,381 for the first two minutes and six seconds of the flight. 630 00:47:22,506 --> 00:47:24,132 [Josh] There's this burst of light 631 00:47:24,258 --> 00:47:29,096 and this rocket just lifts majestically up into the air. 632 00:47:29,221 --> 00:47:32,933 As it goes higher up into the sky, the light gets brighter, 633 00:47:33,058 --> 00:47:38,897 until it diminishes and just becomes this little, bright pinpoint of light. 634 00:47:40,566 --> 00:47:46,572 It's amazing to think that someone that you love is that pinpoint of light. 635 00:47:49,032 --> 00:47:50,909 [commentator] A live view inside the Soyuz. 636 00:47:51,034 --> 00:47:52,828 Paolo Nespoli there on the right-hand side. 637 00:47:52,953 --> 00:47:54,705 Dmitri Kondratyev there in the middle seat. 638 00:47:54,830 --> 00:47:56,748 He is the commander of the spacecraft. 639 00:47:56,873 --> 00:47:59,459 And on the left-hand side's Cady Coleman. 640 00:47:59,585 --> 00:48:02,254 [Cady] Parameters of the launch vehicle are normal. 641 00:48:02,379 --> 00:48:06,049 Okay, copy. Everything is normal on board. 150 seconds. 642 00:48:21,565 --> 00:48:22,566 I'm Cady Coleman. 643 00:48:22,691 --> 00:48:27,446 I'm an astronaut who lived on the space station for almost six months. 644 00:48:28,864 --> 00:48:34,119 My dad worked on the Sealab program, where men first lived under the sea, 645 00:48:34,244 --> 00:48:38,957 and I think it became normal to me that it just was part of life, 646 00:48:39,082 --> 00:48:43,170 that people would live in places that not many people lived. 647 00:48:43,295 --> 00:48:45,631 {\an8}The bottom of the ocean was part of our world, 648 00:48:45,756 --> 00:48:47,591 {\an8}we just hadn't been there yet. 649 00:48:55,390 --> 00:48:59,770 I loved being underwater and having it be effortless, 650 00:48:59,895 --> 00:49:02,731 where you could breathe and you could see, 651 00:49:02,856 --> 00:49:07,152 and I felt like I was in somebody else's world and I got to explore it. 652 00:49:18,914 --> 00:49:25,671 One of my favorite places on the space station is our cupola. 653 00:49:28,340 --> 00:49:30,634 It is amazing up here. 654 00:49:32,302 --> 00:49:34,680 Windows on all sides. 655 00:49:36,848 --> 00:49:39,309 When I found out that I got accepted as an astronaut, 656 00:49:39,434 --> 00:49:44,815 I had been dating a really nice guy who lived in Western Massachusetts 657 00:49:44,940 --> 00:49:48,193 that I had met by basically calling a wrong phone number. 658 00:49:48,318 --> 00:49:52,739 {\an8}One night, the phone rang and I answered the phone, and I said, 659 00:49:52,864 --> 00:49:54,908 [in Russian accent] "Hello. What do you want?" 660 00:49:55,033 --> 00:49:58,829 And this perfectly nice woman said, "Is this Peter?" 661 00:49:58,954 --> 00:50:00,622 And I said, "No, this is not Peter. 662 00:50:00,747 --> 00:50:05,836 My name is Olga Isnitchko Eavorskayagoopdamehamatalliaihgatana." 663 00:50:05,961 --> 00:50:09,798 And she said, "I'm so sorry. I thought you were Peter Masters. 664 00:50:09,923 --> 00:50:11,258 I'm looking for his wife, Amy." 665 00:50:11,383 --> 00:50:14,010 And when she said that, I knew who she was looking for, 666 00:50:14,136 --> 00:50:17,973 because Amy had worked in my studio years before. 667 00:50:18,098 --> 00:50:20,016 And so I said, "Well, if you want to find Amy, 668 00:50:20,100 --> 00:50:23,228 you have to look in the telephone directory, 669 00:50:23,353 --> 00:50:25,522 but when you get Amy on the phone, 670 00:50:25,647 --> 00:50:30,569 you must say hello from Olga Isnitchko Eavorskayagoopdamehamatalliaihga." 671 00:50:30,694 --> 00:50:34,197 She was so polite, and I just kept pulling her leg. 672 00:50:34,322 --> 00:50:38,201 And so I made her practice this name over and over and over again, 673 00:50:38,326 --> 00:50:41,455 and she finally got it, and I hung up. 674 00:50:41,580 --> 00:50:44,541 But when she got her friend Amy on the phone, she said, 675 00:50:44,666 --> 00:50:45,959 "There's this really weird man 676 00:50:46,084 --> 00:50:48,795 at the place where you worked, you used to work." 677 00:50:48,920 --> 00:50:52,215 And Amy just cracked up and said, 678 00:50:52,340 --> 00:50:55,510 "That's Josh. He disguises his voice at night. 679 00:50:55,635 --> 00:50:58,722 He hates… He doesn't wanna get an answering machine." 680 00:50:58,847 --> 00:51:03,310 And so Cady decided to call me back. 681 00:51:03,435 --> 00:51:06,563 And so she called me back with a Russian accent, 682 00:51:06,688 --> 00:51:09,649 and she said she was from Russian KGB 683 00:51:09,775 --> 00:51:11,943 and there had been numerous reports of glass-breaking. 684 00:51:12,068 --> 00:51:15,405 And I said, "I'm not Russian. I'm Bulgarian." 685 00:51:15,530 --> 00:51:17,866 And she said, "We do them too, and you're history." 686 00:51:18,492 --> 00:51:23,079 When we met, it was obvious to me that we should be together. 687 00:51:23,205 --> 00:51:26,833 It took her a long time to come around to that viewpoint. 688 00:51:27,626 --> 00:51:29,586 When you tell people that you live in Houston 689 00:51:29,711 --> 00:51:32,589 and your boyfriend lives in Western Massachusetts, 690 00:51:32,714 --> 00:51:36,051 they look at you, like, "Well, that's gonna last." 691 00:51:36,176 --> 00:51:39,054 And so we invented a new word which was "sweetheart," 692 00:51:39,179 --> 00:51:42,182 which seemed somehow more long-term. 693 00:51:42,307 --> 00:51:46,561 But I was really glad that I sort of already knew the person 694 00:51:46,686 --> 00:51:49,689 I was gonna spend the rest of my life with. 695 00:51:49,815 --> 00:51:53,401 Before I applied, before, there was sort of this aspect of this job 696 00:51:53,527 --> 00:51:56,363 that's hard for people to get their arms around. 697 00:51:56,488 --> 00:51:58,448 "What does it mean? What does it mean for her? 698 00:51:58,573 --> 00:52:01,243 What does it mean for me? What's our life gonna be like?" 699 00:52:01,368 --> 00:52:03,787 It was really nice to have already met somebody 700 00:52:03,912 --> 00:52:07,707 that already seemed to love all those things about me. 701 00:52:07,833 --> 00:52:10,210 [Josh] When Cady was accepted as an astronaut, 702 00:52:10,293 --> 00:52:11,503 the first thing that happened 703 00:52:11,628 --> 00:52:16,007 was that you have to show up to work at Johnson Space Center in Houston. 704 00:52:16,132 --> 00:52:19,219 And so when Jamey was born, 705 00:52:19,344 --> 00:52:22,055 we knew that either Jamey was going to have to travel, 706 00:52:22,180 --> 00:52:25,183 or, because I have a glass studio here, 707 00:52:25,308 --> 00:52:29,229 it turned out that I became the prime parent and Cady would travel, 708 00:52:29,354 --> 00:52:34,484 and I've always understood that I'm gonna be the prime parent. 709 00:52:35,527 --> 00:52:40,198 When Cady got first assigned even to her first mission, 710 00:52:40,323 --> 00:52:43,702 I was pretty worried about what was gonna happen to her, 711 00:52:43,827 --> 00:52:47,038 whether she was gonna be safe, whether it was gonna be okay, 712 00:52:47,163 --> 00:52:51,626 until I was kind of an emotional wreck. 713 00:52:51,751 --> 00:52:55,714 But then it occurred to me that there are literally thousands of people 714 00:52:55,839 --> 00:52:59,259 who are concerned with her safety and well-being, 715 00:52:59,384 --> 00:53:03,680 and nothing that I'm doing, nothing, no amount of worry, 716 00:53:03,805 --> 00:53:09,603 no amount of stress on my part was gonna help one way or the other. 717 00:53:09,728 --> 00:53:13,732 And I also thought about the fact that Cady took this job 718 00:53:13,857 --> 00:53:18,904 because, well, she wanted to do that kind of exploration, 719 00:53:19,029 --> 00:53:22,282 she also knew full well the dangers involved. 720 00:53:22,407 --> 00:53:27,412 And she's completely… I don't think she wants to die, 721 00:53:27,537 --> 00:53:33,001 but I think she's willing to make that sacrifice if that's the way it works. 722 00:53:33,126 --> 00:53:37,672 And I just thought, "Well, if my sweetheart is willing to do that, 723 00:53:37,797 --> 00:53:40,216 then I should just let go there." 724 00:53:40,300 --> 00:53:42,260 It's gonna fine, or it's not gonna be fine, 725 00:53:42,385 --> 00:53:46,890 but nothing that I'm gonna do or say is gonna make any difference. 726 00:53:47,015 --> 00:53:52,812 And that works right until you get to the, "Ten, nine, eight…" 727 00:53:52,938 --> 00:53:56,066 And then, of course, all of that's out the window. 728 00:53:56,191 --> 00:53:57,776 You're completely… 729 00:54:02,322 --> 00:54:09,287 There's just this flow of worry and pride and frightened emotion, 730 00:54:09,412 --> 00:54:12,082 and then the rocket goes off 731 00:54:12,207 --> 00:54:15,794 and about eight minutes later, they're in space. 732 00:54:27,430 --> 00:54:28,640 Bye, Cady. 733 00:54:48,201 --> 00:54:50,620 [interviewer] Josh, Cady's ticket to ride is behind you 734 00:54:50,745 --> 00:54:53,081 here on the launch pad at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. 735 00:54:53,206 --> 00:54:57,293 Your thoughts as you saw this whole process. Amazing for you? 736 00:54:57,419 --> 00:55:00,046 [Josh] Just a whole cascade of thoughts, really, 737 00:55:00,171 --> 00:55:07,137 that this is, for Cady, the culmination of a dream, a lifetime of preparation. 738 00:55:08,638 --> 00:55:15,020 This is the spot where Yuri Gagarin left from and where Sputnik left from, 739 00:55:15,145 --> 00:55:17,897 and where my sweetheart is going to go. 740 00:55:18,023 --> 00:55:19,274 It's very significant. 741 00:55:19,399 --> 00:55:22,152 I think she's ready, although, knowing my wife, 742 00:55:22,277 --> 00:55:26,156 she'll be packing right to the last instant before she goes on board. 743 00:55:35,582 --> 00:55:39,294 The morning that she took off, 744 00:55:39,419 --> 00:55:42,672 we woke up in the middle of the night, it must have been 2:00 in the morning, 745 00:55:42,797 --> 00:55:44,549 and we drove to the launch site. 746 00:55:44,674 --> 00:55:47,010 It was really cold. 747 00:55:50,597 --> 00:55:53,641 We were a mile away, 748 00:55:53,767 --> 00:55:58,646 but it was just sort of a cement platform where we viewed the launch, 749 00:55:58,772 --> 00:56:04,027 and it was so cold that no amount of clothing helped. 750 00:56:04,152 --> 00:56:07,113 The cold just cut right through you. 751 00:56:07,947 --> 00:56:11,409 [commentator] Here on the ground in Baikonur, a crowd of family and friends 752 00:56:11,534 --> 00:56:13,953 and NASA officials, as well as Roscosmos officials, 753 00:56:14,079 --> 00:56:15,705 are watching tonight's launch 754 00:56:15,830 --> 00:56:19,751 less than a mile away from the Soyuz itself. 755 00:56:19,876 --> 00:56:26,424 It was really challenging for Jamey at launch because I think that sudden, 756 00:56:26,549 --> 00:56:29,094 "I understand what Dad's been talking about all this time. 757 00:56:29,219 --> 00:56:32,931 That's a rocket. That's my mom. She's gone." 758 00:56:33,056 --> 00:56:35,642 And there was a flood of emotion for him, 759 00:56:35,767 --> 00:56:39,896 and, for me, I was concerned about him 760 00:56:39,979 --> 00:56:43,650 as much as I was concerned for Cady. 761 00:56:44,109 --> 00:56:46,820 And I realize that he was turning to me 762 00:56:46,945 --> 00:56:51,074 and was kind of hanging on to me and he was in tears. 763 00:57:23,982 --> 00:57:27,485 Watching it go up was profound for Jamey. 764 00:57:27,610 --> 00:57:29,612 I think he realized that… 765 00:57:32,282 --> 00:57:34,576 his mom was really gone. 766 00:57:36,661 --> 00:57:40,540 [man] Cady Coleman blasted out last week on board the Soyuz rocket out of Russia, 767 00:57:40,665 --> 00:57:43,960 leaving behind her husband and ten-year-old son for six months' time. 768 00:57:44,085 --> 00:57:47,172 John, I know that you've been anxious to talk to Cady up there in space, 769 00:57:47,297 --> 00:57:48,381 so why don't you go first? 770 00:57:48,506 --> 00:57:50,758 [John] Cady, to you, are you getting settled in? 771 00:57:50,884 --> 00:57:54,262 You got the toothbrush put away and the socks in the sock drawer? 772 00:57:55,138 --> 00:57:58,016 You know, I've gotten so I feel actually right at home here, 773 00:57:58,141 --> 00:57:59,767 I think it's just like any other place, 774 00:57:59,893 --> 00:58:03,563 and then sometimes there's things that remind me that we're in space. 775 00:58:04,355 --> 00:58:05,482 Like this. 776 00:58:06,733 --> 00:58:08,776 -You know, you… -Take it. 777 00:58:09,486 --> 00:58:13,156 It's another one of those bad-hair days for Cady up in space. 778 00:58:13,281 --> 00:58:15,366 [Jamey] I remember, like, saying goodbye to my mom, 779 00:58:15,492 --> 00:58:20,705 {\an8}like, seeing her walk out of the sort of prep facility. 780 00:58:20,830 --> 00:58:24,709 {\an8}And I was, like, "Okay, like, this is it," you know. 781 00:58:24,834 --> 00:58:26,753 And I hadn't started crying quite then, 782 00:58:26,878 --> 00:58:29,964 but then when I saw the rocket ascending into the sky, 783 00:58:30,089 --> 00:58:32,634 I was, like, "Wow, my mom isn't here." 784 00:58:32,759 --> 00:58:35,386 It really brought me to tears 'cause it was just, like, 785 00:58:35,512 --> 00:58:39,474 "Wow, my mom isn't on the planet anymore." 786 00:59:07,669 --> 00:59:11,631 My name is Koichi Wakata. I'm a JAXA astronaut. 787 00:59:11,756 --> 00:59:13,675 I flew in space four times. 788 00:59:13,800 --> 00:59:17,345 I went to the International Space Station three times. 789 00:59:20,014 --> 00:59:24,727 {\an8}I was born and grew up in the north of Tokyo. 790 00:59:27,814 --> 00:59:29,691 When I was five years old, 791 00:59:29,816 --> 00:59:32,735 I had a strong longing for flying in space 792 00:59:32,860 --> 00:59:36,322 when I saw the Apollo lunar landing. 793 00:59:36,447 --> 00:59:38,950 At the time, there were no Japanese astronauts, 794 00:59:39,075 --> 00:59:44,622 so, even for a small boy, it seemed like an unreachable goal. 795 00:59:54,007 --> 00:59:56,009 [robot in Japanese] Hello, Mr. Wakata. 796 00:59:57,343 --> 01:00:02,599 [in Japanese] Pleased to meet you, first talking robot in space. 797 01:00:06,936 --> 01:00:10,356 [in Japanese] Pleased to meet you, first Japanese commander of the ISS. 798 01:00:13,818 --> 01:00:17,280 [Koichi in English] When we go to deep space, like to Mars, 799 01:00:17,405 --> 01:00:20,658 it takes 20 minutes for the conversation 800 01:00:20,783 --> 01:00:24,954 to go through the distance between the Earth and Mars, 801 01:00:25,079 --> 01:00:29,125 and so the real-time conversation is not going to happen. 802 01:00:30,251 --> 01:00:32,670 I think this kind of AI buddy 803 01:00:32,795 --> 01:00:36,382 may be very helpful for your psychological boost. 804 01:00:42,680 --> 01:00:48,519 The space station is a spacecraft in low-Earth orbit. 805 01:00:48,645 --> 01:00:52,565 The purpose of the space station is to serve as a laboratory, 806 01:00:52,690 --> 01:00:58,780 and it's an outpost to utilize the unique environment of micro-gravity, 807 01:00:58,905 --> 01:01:00,698 zero gravity, basically, 808 01:01:00,823 --> 01:01:06,287 in order to conduct a variety of experiments in science and technology 809 01:01:06,412 --> 01:01:10,667 that can benefit the lives of many people around the world. 810 01:01:15,463 --> 01:01:18,299 We have only six crew members usually. 811 01:01:18,424 --> 01:01:21,844 Each one of the crew members is tasked 812 01:01:21,969 --> 01:01:26,391 to lead a certain part of the work on board the space station. 813 01:01:26,516 --> 01:01:30,520 Of course, we all have to be able to function in case of an emergency. 814 01:01:30,645 --> 01:01:32,855 We have to have a basic understanding 815 01:01:32,980 --> 01:01:36,067 of the operational skills of the systems on board. 816 01:01:37,276 --> 01:01:40,446 A one-week, two-week flight can pass really quickly, 817 01:01:40,571 --> 01:01:44,200 but I noticed that after you spend more than a month, 818 01:01:44,325 --> 01:01:47,203 I felt sort of like a difference. 819 01:01:50,373 --> 01:01:52,291 It's not like a business trip anymore. 820 01:01:52,417 --> 01:01:55,878 It's like I'm living in a new home away from home. 821 01:01:56,003 --> 01:01:57,588 Change up. Here we go. 822 01:02:15,982 --> 01:02:20,403 Of course, I truly enjoyed my camaraderie with my crewmates. 823 01:02:20,528 --> 01:02:21,571 That part is great. 824 01:02:21,696 --> 01:02:23,656 -It looks good. Thank you. -All right, sure. 825 01:02:23,781 --> 01:02:30,621 But it was tough to be separated from the family for many months. 826 01:02:40,965 --> 01:02:43,050 How's it going? How was school? 827 01:02:45,386 --> 01:02:47,430 -Pretty good. -Pretty good? 828 01:02:51,768 --> 01:02:53,686 All right, well, I'm gonna let you go. 829 01:02:55,354 --> 01:02:57,607 Is that right? Okay. 830 01:02:57,732 --> 01:02:59,609 All right, I'll look for it. 831 01:03:00,443 --> 01:03:02,487 -Yeah. -Love you. Bye. 832 01:03:37,855 --> 01:03:40,942 [sirens wail] 833 01:03:46,906 --> 01:03:48,533 [horn blares] 834 01:03:56,290 --> 01:03:58,209 Do not be going in there, bro. Get out! 835 01:03:59,252 --> 01:04:01,087 The top floor's collapsed down. 836 01:04:03,172 --> 01:04:05,842 I saw it blow and then ran like hell. 837 01:04:08,135 --> 01:04:10,805 [indistinct conversations over radio] 838 01:04:40,585 --> 01:04:42,044 [man] Hey, Steve, how's it going? 839 01:04:43,296 --> 01:04:46,674 [Steve] Well, Frank, we're not having a very good day down here on Earth. 840 01:04:49,010 --> 01:04:53,097 [Frank] We had no live newscast or active internet. 841 01:04:53,222 --> 01:04:56,475 We had to rely on the ground to tell us what was going on in those early days. 842 01:04:56,601 --> 01:04:57,602 I called the ground, 843 01:04:57,727 --> 01:05:03,608 {\an8}and he began to describe the aircraft crashing into the World Trade Center. 844 01:05:03,733 --> 01:05:06,152 {\an8}Shortly before I called, the Pentagon had been hit. 845 01:05:06,277 --> 01:05:07,862 And then while we were talking, 846 01:05:07,987 --> 01:05:10,990 the plane had crashed in Pennsylvania, and he told me about that. 847 01:05:11,073 --> 01:05:13,618 It was clear to me we were under attack. 848 01:05:15,536 --> 01:05:18,915 I looked at the map of the world that we keep up on one of the laptops, 849 01:05:19,040 --> 01:05:21,208 and I realized that we were crossing Canada 850 01:05:21,334 --> 01:05:23,085 and that we would be right over New York, 851 01:05:23,210 --> 01:05:27,006 and I realized we were gonna be over New England in a few seconds. 852 01:05:27,131 --> 01:05:29,884 So I signed off, raced around, 853 01:05:29,967 --> 01:05:32,845 found a video camera and a window facing in the right direction, 854 01:05:32,929 --> 01:05:36,223 and as we crossed Maine, I could look back on New York City. 855 01:05:36,349 --> 01:05:38,684 And of course the whole US was clear of clouds that day, 856 01:05:38,809 --> 01:05:40,478 it was a gorgeous day, 857 01:05:40,603 --> 01:05:44,315 and I could clearly see a big column of smoke rising out of Manhattan, 858 01:05:44,440 --> 01:05:46,943 out over Long Island and over the Atlantic. 859 01:05:47,068 --> 01:05:49,654 And I zoomed in with the video camera, 860 01:05:49,779 --> 01:05:54,241 and as I did, this big, grey cloud enveloped southern Manhattan. 861 01:05:54,367 --> 01:05:57,495 It turned out later what I was seeing was the second tower collapse. 862 01:05:57,620 --> 01:06:01,457 I told the guys, "90 minutes from now, when we come back over the US, 863 01:06:01,540 --> 01:06:03,668 I want every camera we've got pointed at the ground." 864 01:06:03,751 --> 01:06:07,254 As we went over Maine, we could see New York City 865 01:06:07,380 --> 01:06:09,465 and the smoke from the fires. 866 01:06:09,590 --> 01:06:11,884 Our prayers and thoughts go out to all the people there 867 01:06:12,009 --> 01:06:13,678 and everywhere else here. 868 01:06:13,803 --> 01:06:17,473 I'm looking up and down the east coast to see if I can see anything else. 869 01:06:20,142 --> 01:06:22,353 [woman] Frank, that's an accurate assessment. 870 01:06:22,979 --> 01:06:26,482 [Frank] All the contrails which normally cover the country in a spider web 871 01:06:26,607 --> 01:06:27,650 had disappeared, 872 01:06:27,775 --> 01:06:29,652 because they had grounded all the airplanes. 873 01:06:29,777 --> 01:06:33,614 That really brought it home that this was a totally different world now. 874 01:06:36,492 --> 01:06:40,621 They had had to evacuate the federal facility where our mission control was 875 01:06:40,746 --> 01:06:42,999 and move them to an undisclosed location, 876 01:06:43,124 --> 01:06:45,918 which I still don't know where it was. 877 01:06:46,043 --> 01:06:48,004 So we were operating with Moscow primarily, 878 01:06:48,129 --> 01:06:49,964 and they were very supportive, sympathetic, 879 01:06:50,089 --> 01:06:52,550 and trying to give us as much information as they could. 880 01:06:52,633 --> 01:06:55,052 Whenever one of their specials would come on to talk to us 881 01:06:55,136 --> 01:06:58,347 about a system or an experiment or whatever, they would frequently say, 882 01:06:58,472 --> 01:07:01,308 "Where's Frank?", you know, "How's Frank doing?" 883 01:07:03,686 --> 01:07:06,105 It was very meaningful, 'cause I knew them all by name, 884 01:07:06,230 --> 01:07:09,191 and they would express their condolences 885 01:07:09,316 --> 01:07:11,485 and they were really sorry for what happened. 886 01:07:11,610 --> 01:07:15,197 Interesting thing is, 94 Russians also died in the World Trade Center, 887 01:07:15,322 --> 01:07:17,033 and we had no idea, at that time, 888 01:07:17,158 --> 01:07:20,619 how many from overseas were there and lost their lives. 889 01:07:20,745 --> 01:07:23,122 The next day, I got a call from TJ Creamer, 890 01:07:23,247 --> 01:07:25,541 who was my support astronaut on the ground, and he said, 891 01:07:25,666 --> 01:07:27,626 "Frank, I've got some bad news." 892 01:07:27,752 --> 01:07:30,963 And it turned out that my classmate from the Naval Academy, 893 01:07:31,088 --> 01:07:33,632 who was classmates with Shep and myself, 894 01:07:33,758 --> 01:07:36,052 was the captain of American Airlines Flight 77 895 01:07:36,177 --> 01:07:38,262 that was crashed into the Pentagon. 896 01:07:38,387 --> 01:07:41,140 Chic was an F-4 pilot, like me, he was an aerospace engineer, 897 01:07:41,223 --> 01:07:44,185 we had actually played in the drum and bugle corps together for a while, 898 01:07:44,268 --> 01:07:45,436 so we were friends. 899 01:07:45,561 --> 01:07:49,607 And so he had died in that crash. 900 01:07:49,690 --> 01:07:51,567 I could only imagine what it was like for him. 901 01:07:51,650 --> 01:07:53,986 I didn't find out much until after I returned 902 01:07:54,111 --> 01:07:56,113 about what the particulars were of that flight, 903 01:07:56,238 --> 01:07:59,366 but I felt sure he had fought as much as he could. 904 01:08:00,367 --> 01:08:01,619 It really brought it home to me 905 01:08:01,702 --> 01:08:04,371 and it made it very personal at that point. 906 01:08:04,830 --> 01:08:09,543 I would like to send a message from the station down in memory of Chic 907 01:08:09,668 --> 01:08:12,546 and of all of our graduates who perished 908 01:08:12,671 --> 01:08:15,091 and of all the victims of this tragedy, 909 01:08:15,216 --> 01:08:18,052 something that has never been done before from space. 910 01:08:18,177 --> 01:08:22,640 So I'd like to ask all of you to rise for a moment of silence 911 01:08:22,765 --> 01:08:26,060 as we play something from International Space Station Alpha. 912 01:08:27,478 --> 01:08:29,605 [plays "Last Post" on bugle] 913 01:08:50,251 --> 01:08:53,796 September 12th, 2001, 1934 hours. 914 01:08:53,921 --> 01:08:56,507 One day after the attacks of 9/11. 915 01:08:57,091 --> 01:08:59,927 Well, obviously the world changed today. 916 01:09:00,052 --> 01:09:01,887 What I say or do is very minor 917 01:09:02,012 --> 01:09:05,307 compared to the significance of what happened to our country. 918 01:09:06,600 --> 01:09:11,605 The most overwhelming feeling, being where I am, is one of isolation. 919 01:09:11,730 --> 01:09:14,525 It's difficult to describe how it feels to be the only American 920 01:09:14,650 --> 01:09:18,028 completely off the planet at a time such as this. 921 01:09:18,154 --> 01:09:21,157 The feeling that I should be there with all of you, dealing with this, 922 01:09:21,282 --> 01:09:23,492 helping in some way, is overwhelming. 923 01:09:24,827 --> 01:09:28,247 It's horrible to see smoke pouring from wounds in your own country 924 01:09:28,372 --> 01:09:31,167 from such a fantastic vantage point. 925 01:09:31,292 --> 01:09:35,754 The dichotomy of being on a spacecraft dedicated to improving life on the Earth 926 01:09:35,880 --> 01:09:39,258 and watching life being destroyed by such willful, terrible acts 927 01:09:39,383 --> 01:09:42,178 is jolting to the psyche, no matter who you are. 928 01:09:42,261 --> 01:09:45,723 And the knowledge that everything will be different than when we launched 929 01:09:45,848 --> 01:09:48,267 by the time we land is a little disconcerting. 930 01:09:49,852 --> 01:09:53,898 I miss all of you very much. I can't be with you there in person, 931 01:09:54,023 --> 01:09:56,901 and we have a long way to go to complete our mission, 932 01:09:57,026 --> 01:10:00,821 but be certain that my heart is with you and know you are in my prayers. 933 01:10:00,946 --> 01:10:02,489 Humbly, Frank. 934 01:10:39,109 --> 01:10:42,738 [woman] I grew up in a tiny little village in the Italian Alps called Malé. 935 01:10:42,863 --> 01:10:44,240 Two thousand souls. 936 01:10:58,003 --> 01:11:00,589 Growing up, I had the fortune 937 01:11:00,714 --> 01:11:04,009 of having this beautiful starry sky at night, you know. 938 01:11:04,134 --> 01:11:07,638 It was just this very personal connection to the sky. 939 01:11:10,391 --> 01:11:14,436 This dream of flying to space, become an astronaut, 940 01:11:14,561 --> 01:11:17,439 I think it arose out of a combination of things, 941 01:11:17,564 --> 01:11:22,987 and it's very difficult to pinpoint exactly what makes you fancy things 942 01:11:23,112 --> 01:11:24,989 in this world of childhood. 943 01:11:28,409 --> 01:11:29,952 [children laugh] 944 01:11:49,763 --> 01:11:51,056 {\an8}I'm Samantha Cristoforetti 945 01:11:51,181 --> 01:11:54,143 {\an8}and I'm an astronaut with the European Space Agency. 946 01:11:59,857 --> 01:12:03,861 We had started out with over 8,000 applicants, 947 01:12:03,986 --> 01:12:06,447 and then here we were, after a year, only ten of us. 948 01:12:06,572 --> 01:12:09,158 Ten young Europeans from different countries. 949 01:12:09,283 --> 01:12:11,243 At that point, we were almost all in touch. 950 01:12:11,368 --> 01:12:13,287 There was going to be a press conference, 951 01:12:13,412 --> 01:12:15,956 and the European Space Agency was going to announce, 952 01:12:16,081 --> 01:12:19,084 "Here are our new astronauts." 953 01:12:19,209 --> 01:12:23,756 And two days before that, at nine o'clock at night, we still had not heard. 954 01:12:23,881 --> 01:12:27,843 I mean, my level of tension was way up there. 955 01:12:27,968 --> 01:12:31,055 I just felt that I couldn't take it anymore. 956 01:12:31,180 --> 01:12:34,308 And then all of a sudden, there was this email, and it's like, 957 01:12:34,433 --> 01:12:36,060 "Dear Miss Cristoforetti…" 958 01:12:36,185 --> 01:12:37,936 You just felt like the universe had stopped 959 01:12:38,062 --> 01:12:41,231 and it turned back and smiled at me at that time. 960 01:12:41,357 --> 01:12:45,235 The fact that you are selected as an astronaut is huge, you know. 961 01:12:45,361 --> 01:12:48,364 You're not any more one of the thousands, ten thousands, 962 01:12:48,489 --> 01:12:50,783 maybe millions of people who dream of becoming astronauts. 963 01:12:50,908 --> 01:12:53,702 You actually are selected to train as an astronaut. 964 01:12:53,827 --> 01:12:56,372 But then this new phase of your life comes 965 01:12:56,497 --> 01:12:58,916 when you're just waiting and hoping 966 01:12:59,041 --> 01:13:02,211 that this moment is going to come and is going to come soon. 967 01:13:04,254 --> 01:13:06,382 One of the greatest memories I have 968 01:13:06,507 --> 01:13:11,512 from the time leading up to my space flight is being in Baikonur. 969 01:13:11,637 --> 01:13:15,140 That's where we launched from. And you go to Baikonur twice. 970 01:13:15,265 --> 01:13:17,476 You go to Baikonur before your own launch, 971 01:13:17,601 --> 01:13:19,520 and you go to Baikonur six months before, 972 01:13:19,645 --> 01:13:21,730 when you are actually the back-up crew. 973 01:13:21,855 --> 01:13:24,858 So, you are, in theory, ready to fly instead of the prime crew 974 01:13:24,983 --> 01:13:26,735 if the prime crew has an issue. 975 01:13:26,860 --> 01:13:30,697 And we were down there, Terry, Anton and myself, 976 01:13:30,823 --> 01:13:35,869 in May 2014, as the back-up crew, and that was the most wonderful time. 977 01:13:35,994 --> 01:13:38,497 We are usually allowed to go out and have a jog 978 01:13:38,622 --> 01:13:40,541 with other people who are in quarantine with us. 979 01:13:40,666 --> 01:13:44,711 We kind of bend the rules because we'd just go out without any escort. 980 01:13:44,837 --> 01:13:48,298 And basically what I wanted to do, I had a bottle with me, 981 01:13:48,424 --> 01:13:52,094 and I had put in a picture of the three of us. 982 01:13:52,219 --> 01:13:55,222 We had signed thousands of those pictures in the days before, 983 01:13:55,347 --> 01:13:57,349 and so I had grabbed one with our signature, 984 01:13:57,474 --> 01:14:01,562 and I had added an email address that I had just done for that purpose. 985 01:14:01,687 --> 01:14:03,730 And I thought, "We'll just throw it in the river 986 01:14:03,814 --> 01:14:06,525 and then maybe some mysterious inhabitant of the steppe 987 01:14:06,650 --> 01:14:08,110 one day will write back to us." 988 01:14:08,777 --> 01:14:10,112 We are about to come back 989 01:14:10,237 --> 01:14:15,367 and we realize a little bit upstream there are, like, these wild horses, 990 01:14:15,492 --> 01:14:16,869 such a beautiful image. 991 01:14:16,994 --> 01:14:21,123 There were probably, maybe 20, 30 of those, and they had come, 992 01:14:21,248 --> 01:14:23,375 there were no people, just the wild horses, 993 01:14:23,500 --> 01:14:25,210 and they had come to drink at the river. 994 01:14:25,335 --> 01:14:29,590 And it was such a beautiful, powerful scene, you know. 995 01:14:29,715 --> 01:14:34,261 And for me it was just something that brought me into the emotional mood 996 01:14:34,386 --> 01:14:37,723 of then watching the launch in the night. 997 01:14:45,898 --> 01:14:47,024 [man] And lift-off. 998 01:14:47,149 --> 01:14:51,028 The international crew on their way to the International Space Station. 999 01:14:53,238 --> 01:14:54,364 Right now, looking good. 1000 01:14:54,490 --> 01:14:59,244 First stage performance. The Soyuz delivering 930,000 pounds of thrust. 1001 01:14:59,369 --> 01:15:01,955 That's four boosters and single core and engine. 1002 01:15:02,414 --> 01:15:04,416 [continues indistinctly] 1003 01:15:19,973 --> 01:15:21,517 We like to say in the space business, 1004 01:15:21,642 --> 01:15:23,352 you don't know that you're going to space 1005 01:15:23,435 --> 01:15:27,523 until, you know, that rocket that you're sitting on is actually taking off. 1006 01:15:28,732 --> 01:15:30,400 [commentator] TMA-15M. 1007 01:15:30,526 --> 01:15:34,279 Three new crew members headed to the International Space Station, 1008 01:15:34,404 --> 01:15:38,283 Anton Shkaplerov, Samantha Cristoforetti and Terry Virts, 1009 01:15:38,408 --> 01:15:43,038 on their way to a six-month voyage aboard the International Space Station. 1010 01:15:43,163 --> 01:15:45,791 ["Bright Horses" playing] 1011 01:15:46,625 --> 01:15:50,087 ♪ The bright horses have broken free From the fields ♪ 1012 01:15:50,170 --> 01:15:52,256 [commentator] A minute, ten seconds into flight, 1013 01:15:52,381 --> 01:15:54,841 traveling about 1,100 miles per hour. 1014 01:15:54,967 --> 01:16:00,055 ♪ They are horses of love Their manes full of fire ♪ 1015 01:16:03,141 --> 01:16:08,647 ♪ They are parting the cities Those bright burning horses ♪ 1016 01:16:29,710 --> 01:16:33,672 ♪ Oh ♪ 1017 01:16:35,674 --> 01:16:39,469 ♪ Oh ♪ 1018 01:16:41,972 --> 01:16:44,641 [Samantha] When you're sitting inside the Soyuz, 1019 01:16:44,766 --> 01:16:46,643 and you're approaching Space Station, 1020 01:16:46,768 --> 01:16:48,812 you do not really see it. 1021 01:16:48,937 --> 01:16:54,026 What you see is like a black and white image on the camera. 1022 01:16:54,151 --> 01:16:56,320 I mean, there's windows to the sides, 1023 01:16:56,445 --> 01:16:59,781 but you basically will not see Space Station as you approach. 1024 01:16:59,906 --> 01:17:00,949 And that was my case. 1025 01:17:01,074 --> 01:17:04,161 However, when you get to around 40, 50 meters out, 1026 01:17:04,286 --> 01:17:07,748 if you look out to the side, you will start to catch a glimpse of it. 1027 01:17:09,750 --> 01:17:13,837 And here are like the solar panels of the ISS, of the space station, 1028 01:17:13,962 --> 01:17:15,130 which are just gigantic, 1029 01:17:15,255 --> 01:17:17,591 which, of course, I know in my mind how big they are, 1030 01:17:17,716 --> 01:17:21,386 but I've never actually seen them, so, you know, this huge size. 1031 01:17:22,137 --> 01:17:25,807 But then, on top of that, at that moment of transition, 1032 01:17:25,932 --> 01:17:29,936 and it's just really a few seconds between daylight and night, 1033 01:17:30,062 --> 01:17:33,106 the sun is basically lying very low on the horizon 1034 01:17:33,231 --> 01:17:35,359 and it's just this spot of orange, 1035 01:17:35,484 --> 01:17:40,405 and the light that comes in that moment is this very bright orange light. 1036 01:17:44,493 --> 01:17:45,619 It's so overwhelming. 1037 01:17:45,744 --> 01:17:48,872 I had this feeling they were, like, burning, they were like in flames. 1038 01:17:49,498 --> 01:17:50,957 [Samantha gasps] Oh, my God. 1039 01:17:51,083 --> 01:17:52,334 [man speaks in Russian] 1040 01:17:53,710 --> 01:17:56,588 I'm going, "Oh, my God, oh, my God." 1041 01:17:56,713 --> 01:17:59,007 And then of course you hear Anton, my commander, 1042 01:17:59,132 --> 01:18:03,011 he's going like [speaks Russian] which means, "Be quiet, be quiet." 1043 01:18:03,136 --> 01:18:07,557 Whatever I say is heard on the Earth, you know, all the control centers. 1044 01:18:09,893 --> 01:18:13,271 It's not my proudest moment from a professional point of view. 1045 01:18:13,397 --> 01:18:17,359 On the other hand, I'm also very happy that it happened at that moment 1046 01:18:17,484 --> 01:18:20,946 because it made it so special, the arrival to Space Station. 1047 01:18:21,947 --> 01:18:23,824 [man speaks in Russian] 1048 01:18:25,659 --> 01:18:27,119 [woman speaks in Russian] 1049 01:18:29,663 --> 01:18:31,206 [applause] 1050 01:18:43,218 --> 01:18:45,595 [Samantha] Actually, the moment when we opened the hatch 1051 01:18:45,721 --> 01:18:47,264 and I floated into Space Station, 1052 01:18:47,347 --> 01:18:49,224 that was a moment of sheer happiness. 1053 01:18:49,349 --> 01:18:53,019 You open the hatch, there's people out there waiting for you 1054 01:18:53,145 --> 01:18:56,398 who are welcoming you into this new place and this new life, 1055 01:18:56,523 --> 01:18:59,067 and in a way it felt like a new birth, you know, 1056 01:18:59,192 --> 01:19:03,071 and it was incredibly, incredibly intense. 1057 01:19:03,196 --> 01:19:07,200 It's the end of all that preparation and that initial journey, 1058 01:19:07,325 --> 01:19:09,786 and it's the beginning of this experience 1059 01:19:09,911 --> 01:19:12,122 that I had looked forward to for so long. 1060 01:19:19,755 --> 01:19:26,261 If you imagine our view, from the space station, of the planet 1061 01:19:26,386 --> 01:19:32,392 as a show that planet Earth puts on scene for us, 1062 01:19:32,517 --> 01:19:34,060 it's mute, it has no sound. 1063 01:19:34,186 --> 01:19:38,982 It's just an incredibly powerful visual spectacle. 1064 01:19:40,776 --> 01:19:43,570 Just an incredibly beautiful view when it's alive 1065 01:19:43,695 --> 01:19:44,988 because it changes all the time 1066 01:19:45,113 --> 01:19:47,574 and there's always something new to discover. 1067 01:20:36,373 --> 01:20:38,124 [man] Columbia-Houston, comm check. 1068 01:20:41,545 --> 01:20:43,964 {\an8}Columbia-Houston, UHF comm check. 1069 01:20:45,799 --> 01:20:48,760 Columbia-Houston, UHF comm check. 1070 01:20:55,392 --> 01:20:58,353 [man 2] Columbia out of communications at present with Mission Control. 1071 01:20:58,478 --> 01:21:00,438 Flight controllers are continuing to stand by 1072 01:21:00,564 --> 01:21:03,108 {\an8}to regain communications with the spacecraft. 1073 01:21:03,900 --> 01:21:06,236 {\an8}-[man 3] Flight decks. -[man] Go ahead, Max. 1074 01:21:06,361 --> 01:21:10,824 [man 3] FYI, I've just lost four separate temperature transducers 1075 01:21:10,949 --> 01:21:14,494 on the left side of the vehicle, the hydraulic return temperatures. 1076 01:21:14,619 --> 01:21:19,708 We've also lost the nose-gear down talkback 1077 01:21:19,833 --> 01:21:21,918 and the right main-gear down talkback. 1078 01:21:26,423 --> 01:21:28,800 [man] Columbia-Houston, comm check. 1079 01:21:31,469 --> 01:21:34,514 CC flight. CC flight. 1080 01:21:34,598 --> 01:21:36,349 -[man 3] What did you say? -Lock the doors. 1081 01:21:36,474 --> 01:21:37,475 [man 3] Copy. 1082 01:21:43,565 --> 01:21:47,777 My name is Ken Bowersox. I was the commander on Expedition 6. 1083 01:21:57,621 --> 01:22:00,373 [man on radio] Astronaut John Glenn of New Concord, Ohio. 1084 01:22:00,498 --> 01:22:02,292 Lieutenant-Colonel, United States… 1085 01:22:02,417 --> 01:22:06,212 [Ken] I decided I wanted to be an astronaut when I was about seven. 1086 01:22:06,338 --> 01:22:08,673 I was in a car with my dad, 1087 01:22:08,798 --> 01:22:12,636 and on the radio there was a story about John Glenn orbiting the Earth. 1088 01:22:12,761 --> 01:22:15,555 And I asked my dad what that meant, and he told me, and I said, 1089 01:22:15,680 --> 01:22:18,308 "Oh, I think that's what I wanna do when I grow up." 1090 01:22:19,643 --> 01:22:21,394 [commentator] Our first view of Ken Bowersox 1091 01:22:21,519 --> 01:22:23,438 outside the hatch to the Quest Airlock 1092 01:22:23,563 --> 01:22:24,981 as the International Space Station 1093 01:22:25,106 --> 01:22:27,484 skirts just to the east of Rio de Janeiro. 1094 01:22:27,567 --> 01:22:30,946 ♪ Wherever you're going, I'm going ♪ 1095 01:22:31,029 --> 01:22:36,159 ♪ I'm going your way ♪ 1096 01:22:36,326 --> 01:22:39,245 [Ken] Every Saturday morning was clean-up time, 1097 01:22:39,371 --> 01:22:43,249 where we'd grab towels, wipe down the handrails and vacuum. 1098 01:22:44,376 --> 01:22:47,754 We had a Saturday morning teleconference scheduled. 1099 01:22:48,588 --> 01:22:51,383 We went in to start the teleconference 1100 01:22:51,508 --> 01:22:55,345 {\an8}and the folks in Mission Control asked us to just stand by. 1101 01:22:57,263 --> 01:22:59,391 {\an8}It was usual that, because it was Saturday morning, 1102 01:22:59,516 --> 01:23:01,893 {\an8}the folks in Houston wanted to get that teleconference over 1103 01:23:01,977 --> 01:23:04,938 {\an8}as quickly as possible 'cause some people wanted to go home, right? 1104 01:23:05,063 --> 01:23:07,649 So for them to ask us to wait was a little bit different. 1105 01:23:10,610 --> 01:23:12,988 The center director of Johnson Space Center came on 1106 01:23:13,113 --> 01:23:16,783 and told us that Columbia had been lost on entry. 1107 01:23:42,100 --> 01:23:45,145 There was a lot of different meanings to that for us. 1108 01:23:45,270 --> 01:23:48,940 The first was, "Well, what's happened to our friends who are on Columbia?" 1109 01:23:49,149 --> 01:23:52,861 {\an8}'Cause we knew those folks, we worked with them in the office, 1110 01:23:52,986 --> 01:23:54,612 {\an8}would fly with them in the T-38s, 1111 01:23:54,738 --> 01:23:57,782 sat in meetings with them, talked to them in the hallways. 1112 01:23:57,907 --> 01:24:00,618 So the first thing was, "What's happened to them?" you know. 1113 01:24:00,744 --> 01:24:03,204 Is there any chance that they made it through? 1114 01:24:04,289 --> 01:24:08,001 {\an8}Folks on the ground have been real good about reducing our schedule 1115 01:24:08,126 --> 01:24:10,628 {\an8}and we've had time to grieve our friends. 1116 01:24:10,754 --> 01:24:12,255 {\an8}And that was very important. 1117 01:24:12,338 --> 01:24:15,216 {\an8}When you're up here this long, you can't just bottle up your emotions 1118 01:24:15,341 --> 01:24:16,676 and focus all the time. 1119 01:24:16,801 --> 01:24:20,472 It's important for us to acknowledge that the people on STS-107 1120 01:24:20,597 --> 01:24:23,266 were our friends, that we had a connection with them, 1121 01:24:23,391 --> 01:24:25,268 and that we feel their loss. 1122 01:24:25,393 --> 01:24:29,606 The next impact to us was, "Well, what does that mean for us to come home?" 1123 01:24:32,108 --> 01:24:34,527 Since the space shuttles were under review, 1124 01:24:34,652 --> 01:24:37,405 we had to decide when it would be safe to fly one again 1125 01:24:37,530 --> 01:24:40,283 and how to fly it safely. 1126 01:24:40,408 --> 01:24:43,161 The decision was made for us to come home a different way, 1127 01:24:43,286 --> 01:24:46,539 to come home in a Soyuz spacecraft. 1128 01:24:46,664 --> 01:24:50,335 So we're packing up gear to be returned home aboard shuttles 1129 01:24:50,460 --> 01:24:51,878 when they start flying again. 1130 01:24:52,003 --> 01:24:56,633 We'll have some refresher training to do over the next month and a half or so. 1131 01:24:56,758 --> 01:24:58,426 My family spent most of their time 1132 01:24:58,551 --> 01:25:01,554 worrying about the people that were affected on the ground, 1133 01:25:01,679 --> 01:25:05,809 the effect on the spouses for the crew of Columbia. 1134 01:25:05,934 --> 01:25:09,145 But they also had a lot of inquiries from different people 1135 01:25:09,270 --> 01:25:13,274 wanting to know how they felt with their husbands up in space, 1136 01:25:13,399 --> 01:25:15,360 knowing that it was a risky business. 1137 01:25:15,485 --> 01:25:18,071 Everybody wanted to know what we thought about the risk. 1138 01:25:18,196 --> 01:25:22,117 Let me start by sort of comparing what a Soyuz flight is like 1139 01:25:22,242 --> 01:25:25,453 compared to a return in a space shuttle. 1140 01:25:25,578 --> 01:25:28,832 The space shuttle is a lot more like flying on an airliner, 1141 01:25:28,957 --> 01:25:33,002 and the return from space is very similar to flying on an airliner, 1142 01:25:33,128 --> 01:25:34,546 except you go from being weightless 1143 01:25:34,671 --> 01:25:38,800 to having your perceived weight be maybe one and a half times your normal weight. 1144 01:25:38,925 --> 01:25:43,054 And then the final approach is like a steep glide in an airliner 1145 01:25:43,138 --> 01:25:44,472 and you touch down on a runway. 1146 01:25:44,556 --> 01:25:48,810 It feels very much like any touchdown from an international flight. 1147 01:25:51,646 --> 01:25:56,693 On a Soyuz, you get in, it's smaller, everything is more compact. 1148 01:25:56,818 --> 01:25:59,028 Instead of sitting up, like you would on an airliner, 1149 01:25:59,154 --> 01:26:02,657 you're kind of laying on your back, and it's a much quicker trip home. 1150 01:26:02,782 --> 01:26:04,784 It's only a few hours back to Earth 1151 01:26:04,909 --> 01:26:08,329 rather than a day and a half or two in a space shuttle. 1152 01:26:08,454 --> 01:26:10,415 It's a little bit more like a carnival ride. 1153 01:26:11,833 --> 01:26:16,379 [man] And Expedition 6 now officially on its way back home, 1154 01:26:16,504 --> 01:26:19,841 with landing a little more than three hours from now. 1155 01:26:22,135 --> 01:26:23,803 [Ken] The flight gets most interesting 1156 01:26:23,928 --> 01:26:26,306 when you start to get down into the atmosphere. 1157 01:26:27,515 --> 01:26:30,185 First thing you see is some glowing light 1158 01:26:30,310 --> 01:26:33,438 coming off the side of the capsule and any other parts around it. 1159 01:26:33,563 --> 01:26:35,815 You see a bright orange glow outside the windows. 1160 01:26:35,940 --> 01:26:39,652 You might see little droplets running along the window that look like water 1161 01:26:39,777 --> 01:26:42,947 but are really something melted on the spacecraft. 1162 01:26:43,072 --> 01:26:45,074 [man] At this point, the crew should be feeling 1163 01:26:45,200 --> 01:26:48,161 the maximum G-load on the re-entry. 1164 01:26:48,286 --> 01:26:50,163 [man speaks in Russian] 1165 01:26:52,957 --> 01:26:57,253 We realized that we were having an off-nominal type of entry 1166 01:26:57,378 --> 01:26:58,880 called a ballistic descent. 1167 01:27:00,590 --> 01:27:02,884 Once you reach the ballistic descent mode, 1168 01:27:03,009 --> 01:27:06,846 there's not a lot for the crew to interact with on the spacecraft, 1169 01:27:06,971 --> 01:27:10,058 and so you have some spare moments to think about what you're doing 1170 01:27:10,183 --> 01:27:13,811 and to realize how little control you have over the situation, 1171 01:27:13,937 --> 01:27:16,189 how you're trusting the engineers who designed 1172 01:27:16,314 --> 01:27:19,359 and the technicians who built that spacecraft, 1173 01:27:19,484 --> 01:27:22,528 and how everything's gotta work if you're gonna survive. 1174 01:27:38,753 --> 01:27:42,966 {\an8}I'm in the helicopter with the chief of the astronaut office, Bob Cabana, 1175 01:27:43,049 --> 01:27:46,010 and they say, "We're in touch with the crew. We're hearing the crew." 1176 01:27:46,094 --> 01:27:47,762 But it was a very faint call. 1177 01:27:50,139 --> 01:27:52,392 I could tell my boss was really, really worried. 1178 01:27:52,475 --> 01:27:54,811 He said, "Why is the signal faint? Can they hear them?" 1179 01:27:54,894 --> 01:27:56,104 I said, "They can't hear them. 1180 01:27:56,229 --> 01:27:58,564 They heard them on the radio and then it disappeared." 1181 01:27:59,148 --> 01:28:01,734 Bob Cabana was like, "Oh, no, we've lost another crew." 1182 01:28:06,656 --> 01:28:08,992 They said, "They did a ballistic entry." 1183 01:28:09,117 --> 01:28:13,246 To mean they're 400 kilometers away, off-course, 1184 01:28:13,371 --> 01:28:15,206 and not in the right place, not where we are. 1185 01:28:20,920 --> 01:28:26,592 When the parachutes come out, you get rocked all around, shaken, rotated. 1186 01:28:26,718 --> 01:28:28,219 It feels pretty violent. 1187 01:28:28,344 --> 01:28:31,264 Again, that's where it feels most like a carnival ride. 1188 01:28:33,558 --> 01:28:35,018 And then it gets peaceful, 1189 01:28:35,143 --> 01:28:38,229 and you coast and coast and coast down underneath the parachutes. 1190 01:28:45,653 --> 01:28:48,698 There's sort of a big bang as you hit the ground. 1191 01:28:48,823 --> 01:28:50,783 It feels like a car collision. 1192 01:28:51,993 --> 01:28:55,163 The vehicle gets drug a little bit by the parachute if you have any wind, 1193 01:28:55,246 --> 01:28:59,125 and that jostles the crew around a bit, and then everything gets quiet. 1194 01:29:00,543 --> 01:29:02,170 Absolutely quiet. 1195 01:29:04,505 --> 01:29:06,424 You start to smell the smoke from the rockets. 1196 01:29:06,507 --> 01:29:08,468 You smell the grass outside. 1197 01:29:08,593 --> 01:29:09,635 You look out the window 1198 01:29:09,761 --> 01:29:13,222 and you can see the brown of the dirt and the green of the grass, 1199 01:29:13,348 --> 01:29:15,683 and you know you're back on Earth. 1200 01:29:17,435 --> 01:29:20,229 We sat there trying to talk to people on the radio, 1201 01:29:20,313 --> 01:29:21,814 and we weren't able to reach anybody. 1202 01:29:21,898 --> 01:29:24,650 After being there about 30 minutes, we decided we should get out, 1203 01:29:24,734 --> 01:29:26,611 and Nikolai reached up and opened the hatch 1204 01:29:26,694 --> 01:29:28,071 and crawled out of the spacecraft, 1205 01:29:28,154 --> 01:29:31,199 and I followed him after that, and Don came third. 1206 01:29:34,327 --> 01:29:38,164 [Mike] We finally get there after six hours to the landing site. 1207 01:29:38,289 --> 01:29:45,296 I see Ken and Nikolai and Don sitting outside of the Soyuz. 1208 01:29:45,421 --> 01:29:49,258 There are little yellow buttercups and daisies out there, 1209 01:29:49,383 --> 01:29:51,052 and it's just rolling plains. 1210 01:29:51,177 --> 01:29:53,805 I think there are wild horses out there on that plain. 1211 01:29:53,930 --> 01:29:58,935 I said, "Well, how are you feeling?" "We feel really tired, really weak." 1212 01:29:59,060 --> 01:30:01,270 I said, "What were the G's you had during the entry?" 1213 01:30:01,395 --> 01:30:03,523 "Eight G's!" I said, "Really?" 1214 01:30:03,648 --> 01:30:07,110 So we kind of get them into the helicopter. 1215 01:30:07,235 --> 01:30:08,528 And Don wants to lie down. 1216 01:30:08,611 --> 01:30:10,905 So he's lying down on the floor. There's not much room. 1217 01:30:10,988 --> 01:30:13,783 Ken's kind of propped up against a fuel tank in this helicopter, 1218 01:30:13,866 --> 01:30:15,868 no straps, nothing like that. 1219 01:30:15,993 --> 01:30:21,332 And he says, "Don't forget that." I go, "What?" He says, "That big sack." 1220 01:30:21,457 --> 01:30:24,377 He said, "We didn't know if we were ever gonna get our stuff back. 1221 01:30:24,502 --> 01:30:27,839 So we've got all of Don's films and camera magazines." 1222 01:30:27,964 --> 01:30:33,803 And I picked it up and it was like 30, 40 pounds, you know, 20 kilos. 1223 01:30:33,928 --> 01:30:36,806 I said, "How did you put this in the Soyuz?" 1224 01:30:38,349 --> 01:30:42,395 And Ken said, "Don had it on his lap." 1225 01:30:42,520 --> 01:30:45,481 Eight G's. Eight gravities. 1226 01:30:45,606 --> 01:30:51,821 Multiply that times 20 kilos, that's 160 kilos on Don's chest. 1227 01:30:51,946 --> 01:30:56,159 I said, "You've had a… How could you have put that on Don's chest?" 1228 01:30:56,284 --> 01:30:59,996 So, anyway, poor Don was kind of looking a bit worse for wear 1229 01:31:00,121 --> 01:31:02,415 from that journey back to Earth. 1230 01:31:02,874 --> 01:31:06,460 [groans] I wave to the camera. 1231 01:31:07,753 --> 01:31:10,423 [Ken] We knew it was coming, and so we were prepared for the G's. 1232 01:31:10,548 --> 01:31:12,842 In fact, at the point where we saw it coming, we said, 1233 01:31:12,967 --> 01:31:15,219 "Okay, guys, let's get strapped down in your seats, 1234 01:31:15,303 --> 01:31:17,597 'cause it's about to get fun, fast." 1235 01:31:17,722 --> 01:31:21,559 In fact, Nikolai was great. He says, "This is gonna be fun." 1236 01:31:21,684 --> 01:31:23,144 -He was great. -Nikolai said that? 1237 01:31:23,269 --> 01:31:24,979 He was like a cheerleader all the way down, 1238 01:31:25,104 --> 01:31:26,856 and we're all straining against the G. 1239 01:31:26,939 --> 01:31:29,525 [grunts] 1240 01:31:29,650 --> 01:31:32,904 It was… quite an experience. 1241 01:31:33,029 --> 01:31:34,363 [laughter] 1242 01:31:34,488 --> 01:31:37,950 It's great that we had a chance to ride in a vehicle 1243 01:31:38,075 --> 01:31:40,703 that was on its first flight into the atmosphere. 1244 01:31:40,828 --> 01:31:43,080 And so I feel really lucky. 1245 01:31:43,873 --> 01:31:46,083 -[interviewer] Well, there we are. -That's two. 1246 01:31:46,209 --> 01:31:47,210 [interviewer laughs] 1247 01:31:47,335 --> 01:31:52,715 {\an8}Annie Bowersox. Annie, it's a great day. The crew is home safe and sound. 1248 01:31:52,840 --> 01:31:54,300 {\an8}Very successful landing. 1249 01:31:54,425 --> 01:31:57,637 {\an8}How does Ken look? How excited is he to be back? 1250 01:31:57,762 --> 01:31:58,804 He looks great. 1251 01:31:58,930 --> 01:32:02,892 He looks exactly the same as when he left, maybe a little thinner. 1252 01:32:03,017 --> 01:32:06,854 And when I first saw him, it was like the six months had just gone away. 1253 01:32:06,979 --> 01:32:09,690 He's eager to see our kids when we get back to Houston 1254 01:32:09,815 --> 01:32:14,862 and we're really excited about that. The boys are dying to see him. 1255 01:32:14,987 --> 01:32:18,699 What do you consider to be the most important contribution, 1256 01:32:18,824 --> 01:32:22,161 legacy, the living history, of Expedition 6? 1257 01:32:22,286 --> 01:32:24,914 What do you think it will be most remembered for? 1258 01:32:25,039 --> 01:32:26,791 I think their flight showed 1259 01:32:26,916 --> 01:32:32,630 what an incredible team NASA has become with their partners. 1260 01:32:32,755 --> 01:32:35,341 So much of this flight was not as planned, 1261 01:32:35,466 --> 01:32:38,511 and it's just amazing and it just clicked. 1262 01:32:38,636 --> 01:32:40,096 It's a great team. 1263 01:32:40,221 --> 01:32:43,224 ["The Star-Spangled Banner" plays] 1264 01:33:03,869 --> 01:33:06,205 [Barack Obama] Last month, we launched a new spacecraft 1265 01:33:06,330 --> 01:33:07,957 as part of a re-energized space program 1266 01:33:08,082 --> 01:33:10,710 that will send American astronauts to Mars. 1267 01:33:10,835 --> 01:33:14,588 And in two months, to prepare us for those missions, 1268 01:33:14,714 --> 01:33:19,051 Scott Kelly will begin a year-long stay in space. 1269 01:33:19,176 --> 01:33:22,763 So, good luck, Captain. Make sure to Instagram it. 1270 01:33:24,473 --> 01:33:25,891 We're proud of you. 1271 01:33:47,913 --> 01:33:49,040 [Scott] I thought, you know, 1272 01:33:49,123 --> 01:33:52,209 spending a year in space is gonna be really challenging 1273 01:33:52,335 --> 01:33:54,712 psychologically and emotionally. 1274 01:33:57,715 --> 01:33:59,717 Eventually, I warmed up to the idea. 1275 01:33:59,800 --> 01:34:02,053 They had a selection process and an interview. 1276 01:34:02,136 --> 01:34:04,096 It was interesting, the very last question was, 1277 01:34:04,180 --> 01:34:07,808 "So, if you could get the year-long space mission 1278 01:34:07,933 --> 01:34:10,144 or you could be the chief of the astronaut office, 1279 01:34:10,227 --> 01:34:11,312 which would you prefer?" 1280 01:34:11,437 --> 01:34:14,398 And I said immediately, I said, "Chief of the astronaut office." 1281 01:34:14,523 --> 01:34:17,902 And, like, two weeks later somebody else got that job, 1282 01:34:18,027 --> 01:34:20,613 and I got assigned to this year-long flight. 1283 01:34:24,158 --> 01:34:27,745 From the time you leave the United States for a Russian Soyuz launch, 1284 01:34:27,870 --> 01:34:30,664 it's this whole process of different traditions. 1285 01:34:30,790 --> 01:34:33,000 You have to visit the Kremlin. 1286 01:34:33,125 --> 01:34:35,378 You have to go to pay respects 1287 01:34:35,503 --> 01:34:40,299 to the cosmonauts in the Russian and Soviet space program. 1288 01:34:40,424 --> 01:34:42,510 You had to look at the bell and the cannon, 1289 01:34:42,635 --> 01:34:45,679 because previous crew members have done that. 1290 01:34:46,555 --> 01:34:49,350 And then, a couple weeks before, you fly down to Baikonur 1291 01:34:49,475 --> 01:34:52,937 and you go through similar kind of traditions and preparations. 1292 01:34:53,062 --> 01:34:55,272 It's a, you know, iconic place. 1293 01:34:58,275 --> 01:35:00,653 [applause] 1294 01:35:01,737 --> 01:35:05,366 [woman] Hey, Scott, I know you have a brother and you are twins. 1295 01:35:05,491 --> 01:35:11,705 Is it really difficult not to see each other for one year? 1296 01:35:11,831 --> 01:35:13,290 [Scott] No, it's not. 1297 01:35:13,416 --> 01:35:15,418 [laughter] 1298 01:35:17,837 --> 01:35:19,004 [woman] Thank you. 1299 01:35:21,257 --> 01:35:22,925 [Scott] Heading to the launch pad, 1300 01:35:23,050 --> 01:35:27,096 the van stops in the same spot that Yuri Gagarin stopped 1301 01:35:27,221 --> 01:35:29,765 and got out and peed on the tire. 1302 01:35:29,890 --> 01:35:33,352 So we have to get out, undo our spacesuit, 1303 01:35:33,477 --> 01:35:36,397 pee on the tire, get back in, 1304 01:35:36,522 --> 01:35:39,692 button your spacesuit up, and keep heading to the rocket. 1305 01:35:40,693 --> 01:35:44,697 You always get a blessing from a Russian Orthodox priest, 1306 01:35:44,822 --> 01:35:47,741 which is generally pretty cold water in your face. 1307 01:35:51,495 --> 01:35:53,956 'Cause they're not your superstitions and traditions, 1308 01:35:54,081 --> 01:35:55,249 they seem a little bit odd, 1309 01:35:55,374 --> 01:35:59,420 but, yeah, one of their big cultural things 1310 01:35:59,545 --> 01:36:02,256 is if their friends are going on a trip, 1311 01:36:02,381 --> 01:36:04,925 then they have to be there to say goodbye, 1312 01:36:05,050 --> 01:36:08,262 even if that's at a base of a fully fueled rocket. 1313 01:36:08,387 --> 01:36:10,055 There's like a hundred people up there 1314 01:36:10,181 --> 01:36:12,391 and you're just trying to get through this crowd. 1315 01:36:12,475 --> 01:36:14,435 It's like madness. Crazy. 1316 01:36:14,518 --> 01:36:16,645 It's like a big party at the base of the rocket. 1317 01:36:16,770 --> 01:36:21,317 There's smokers out there. I've seen them. Yeah. 1318 01:36:24,236 --> 01:36:25,237 When you're in the Soyuz, 1319 01:36:25,362 --> 01:36:28,032 there's some dead time where you don't have much to do. 1320 01:36:28,157 --> 01:36:30,159 So to help you pass the time, 1321 01:36:30,284 --> 01:36:34,705 the control center will pipe music into the capsule. 1322 01:36:34,830 --> 01:36:36,582 So the crew picks out some songs. 1323 01:36:36,707 --> 01:36:40,920 I had a Bruce Springsteen song and a Coldplay song. 1324 01:36:41,045 --> 01:36:43,964 I can tell you, I didn't pick Roberta Flack, "Killing Me Softly." 1325 01:36:44,089 --> 01:36:45,424 One of the cosmonauts did. 1326 01:36:45,549 --> 01:36:48,469 I like the song, it's a really, really good song, 1327 01:36:48,552 --> 01:36:50,846 but it doesn't seem quite appropriate to have it playing 1328 01:36:50,971 --> 01:36:54,892 when you're sitting on basically a bomb of liquid oxygen and liquid kerosene 1329 01:36:55,017 --> 01:36:58,187 that's designed to explode underneath you. 1330 01:36:58,270 --> 01:36:59,522 ["Killing Me Softly" playing] 1331 01:36:59,605 --> 01:37:03,234 ♪ Strumming my pain with his fingers ♪ 1332 01:37:03,317 --> 01:37:06,904 ♪ Singing my life with his words ♪ 1333 01:37:07,321 --> 01:37:10,449 ♪ Killing me softly with his song ♪ 1334 01:37:10,533 --> 01:37:14,411 ♪ Killing me softly with his song ♪ 1335 01:37:14,495 --> 01:37:18,666 ♪ Telling my whole life with his words ♪ 1336 01:37:18,749 --> 01:37:21,919 ♪ Killing me softly ♪ 1337 01:37:23,045 --> 01:37:27,091 ♪ With his song ♪ 1338 01:37:30,511 --> 01:37:33,806 [Scott] One of my kids, I think it was, yeah, my youngest, 1339 01:37:33,931 --> 01:37:37,893 when I said, "I'm going to the year-long mission," 1340 01:37:38,018 --> 01:37:42,022 the reaction I got was, like, "That's awesome!" 1341 01:37:42,147 --> 01:37:44,692 And when Misha called his wife 1342 01:37:44,817 --> 01:37:50,030 and said that he was gonna go to space for a year, she started crying. 1343 01:37:50,155 --> 01:37:51,156 [chuckles] 1344 01:37:51,282 --> 01:37:55,035 So my family was excited. Maybe that says something about me. 1345 01:37:55,160 --> 01:37:58,205 They were, like, excited to get rid of me for a year. 1346 01:37:58,330 --> 01:37:59,873 "Can you go for two?" 1347 01:37:59,999 --> 01:38:01,000 [chuckles] 1348 01:38:10,759 --> 01:38:14,346 I previously had six months in space, 1349 01:38:14,471 --> 01:38:18,642 and I can remember six months being a really long time to be anywhere 1350 01:38:18,767 --> 01:38:20,644 where you can't go home, and you're floating, 1351 01:38:20,769 --> 01:38:25,190 and, you know, there's just a level of uncomfortableness 1352 01:38:25,316 --> 01:38:27,443 about being in space for a long time. 1353 01:38:27,568 --> 01:38:30,487 But like most things, as you get further away from them, 1354 01:38:30,613 --> 01:38:32,698 you remember the great things about it 1355 01:38:32,823 --> 01:38:35,701 and you forget the hardship or the stuff that's hard. 1356 01:38:42,541 --> 01:38:45,294 [commentator] Scott Kelly, Mikhail Kornienko, and Gennady Padalka, 1357 01:38:45,419 --> 01:38:50,049 the all-time record holder for time in space among all of humanity, 1358 01:38:50,174 --> 01:38:53,552 launching flawlessly and arriving just six hours later. 1359 01:38:53,677 --> 01:38:54,678 They made their way in 1360 01:38:54,803 --> 01:38:59,224 and were welcomed by the current Expedition 43 crew on board, 1361 01:38:59,350 --> 01:39:02,978 Terry Virts, Samantha Cristoforetti and Anton Shkaplerov, 1362 01:39:03,103 --> 01:39:05,731 who are already several months into their mission. 1363 01:39:05,856 --> 01:39:08,233 But for Scott Kelly and Mikhail Kornienko, 1364 01:39:08,359 --> 01:39:14,156 the first steps into the space station and their home for the next 340 days. 1365 01:39:16,116 --> 01:39:19,703 [Scott] You miss, you know, your friends, your family, people on the ground. 1366 01:39:19,828 --> 01:39:21,497 You miss the weather. 1367 01:39:22,373 --> 01:39:25,125 I always missed rain, the sound of it. 1368 01:39:25,250 --> 01:39:29,296 But you miss things like that, the sun, miss going outside. 1369 01:39:30,130 --> 01:39:36,303 See, we got some creamed spinach, asparagus and grilled chicken. 1370 01:39:36,428 --> 01:39:38,055 It's gonna go on a tortilla. 1371 01:39:40,683 --> 01:39:41,850 My spoon. 1372 01:39:46,271 --> 01:39:50,150 Can't let the little droplets get too far. 1373 01:39:55,698 --> 01:39:57,157 Surface tension is very important. 1374 01:39:57,282 --> 01:39:58,992 If we didn't have surface tension in space, 1375 01:39:59,118 --> 01:40:01,286 we'd be in big trouble in a lot of areas. 1376 01:40:02,413 --> 01:40:03,747 Yeah. Oh! 1377 01:40:05,249 --> 01:40:06,709 Oh, man. 1378 01:40:07,835 --> 01:40:09,753 That was just made by a chef. 1379 01:40:09,878 --> 01:40:13,340 -Yep. -And it is best before July 2016. 1380 01:40:13,465 --> 01:40:16,385 This is probably best before July 2013. 1381 01:40:18,595 --> 01:40:20,514 [both laugh] 1382 01:40:22,558 --> 01:40:25,185 You could actually keep in touch pretty well. 1383 01:40:25,310 --> 01:40:27,187 We have a phone on board. 1384 01:40:27,312 --> 01:40:29,815 Generally, you can have a video conference on the weekends, 1385 01:40:29,898 --> 01:40:31,191 so you get to see your family. 1386 01:40:31,275 --> 01:40:35,279 It's pretty good capability, actually. You just can't see people in person. 1387 01:40:41,368 --> 01:40:42,828 {\an8}Hi, Dad. How are you doing? 1388 01:40:46,206 --> 01:40:47,791 {\an8}-[Scott] I'm doing good. -Yeah? 1389 01:40:47,916 --> 01:40:51,712 -Got some visitors showing up tomorrow. -Awesome. 1390 01:40:51,837 --> 01:40:54,256 Have you gotten your Christmas presents yet? 1391 01:40:56,842 --> 01:40:59,720 Yeah, thank you for the T-shirt. 1392 01:40:59,845 --> 01:41:03,932 I think I put, like, a bell in there that was like, "Number One Dad." 1393 01:41:05,726 --> 01:41:07,770 -Got the bell and the card too, yeah. -Yeah. 1394 01:41:07,895 --> 01:41:11,690 -And the T-shirt was in there too. -Yeah. 1395 01:41:11,815 --> 01:41:16,403 -All right, love you, Charlotte. -Love you too. Talk to you then. 1396 01:41:18,280 --> 01:41:20,115 -Bye-bye. -Bye-bye. 1397 01:41:38,383 --> 01:41:41,136 I got Misha behind me. Waking up too. 1398 01:41:47,476 --> 01:41:50,437 A lot of people don't realize this, but when we're sitting here, 1399 01:41:50,562 --> 01:41:52,648 and we're looking at each other, 1400 01:41:52,773 --> 01:41:54,733 you're looking at me, I'm looking at you, 1401 01:41:54,858 --> 01:41:59,029 what you see is filtered by the air we're looking through. 1402 01:41:59,154 --> 01:42:01,865 When you're in space, and the only air you're looking through 1403 01:42:01,990 --> 01:42:03,992 is between your eye and the visor, 1404 01:42:04,117 --> 01:42:06,411 or maybe between your eye and the window, 1405 01:42:06,537 --> 01:42:11,750 it makes everything look just spectacularly, 1406 01:42:12,626 --> 01:42:15,212 brilliantly colored and clear, 1407 01:42:15,337 --> 01:42:18,340 because you're looking through nothing, there's nothing to filter your eye, 1408 01:42:18,465 --> 01:42:22,177 whether it's looking at the Earth or looking at the space station. 1409 01:42:22,302 --> 01:42:25,931 And when you're outside, I mean, it's just incredible. Incredible. 1410 01:42:59,298 --> 01:43:00,299 Oh! 1411 01:43:01,633 --> 01:43:04,511 Man, that feels good. 1412 01:43:04,636 --> 01:43:06,054 [woman] Welcome home. 1413 01:43:06,179 --> 01:43:07,598 Ah. 1414 01:43:07,723 --> 01:43:08,891 [woman] Back to Earth. 1415 01:43:11,476 --> 01:43:13,812 [ringing tone] 1416 01:43:19,192 --> 01:43:21,945 [Nigel] You've reached the voicemail for Angela and Nigel Peake, 1417 01:43:22,070 --> 01:43:24,031 but I'm afraid we're not here just at the moment. 1418 01:43:24,156 --> 01:43:27,367 Please leave us a message. We'll get back to you as soon as we can. 1419 01:43:27,492 --> 01:43:28,785 Thank you very much. 1420 01:43:28,911 --> 01:43:30,203 [bleeps] 1421 01:43:30,996 --> 01:43:32,873 [Tim Peake] Hello, Angela and Nigel Peake. 1422 01:43:32,998 --> 01:43:36,877 This is just your son calling from the International Space Station. 1423 01:43:37,002 --> 01:43:39,963 I'm sorry you're not in, but I will try and get you later. 1424 01:43:40,088 --> 01:43:41,089 [bleeps] 1425 01:43:46,929 --> 01:43:49,139 ["Solid Ground" playing] 1426 01:43:58,148 --> 01:44:02,986 ♪ How does it feel When it's quiet and calm? ♪ 1427 01:44:04,821 --> 01:44:08,784 ♪ And will I be denied? ♪ 1428 01:44:11,995 --> 01:44:16,667 ♪ How will it feel When it's time to move on? ♪ 1429 01:44:18,877 --> 01:44:22,255 ♪ Mother says kneel and pray ♪ 1430 01:44:25,842 --> 01:44:31,139 ♪ When it gets hard I will roll those sleeves ♪ 1431 01:44:32,391 --> 01:44:36,353 ♪ Life can be so unkind ♪ 1432 01:44:39,314 --> 01:44:43,860 ♪ I will be found On the edge of the world ♪ 1433 01:44:46,113 --> 01:44:49,574 ♪ Where there'll be no one around ♪ 1434 01:44:50,033 --> 01:44:53,203 ♪ Oh, solid ground ♪ 1435 01:44:57,958 --> 01:45:00,043 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1436 01:45:04,840 --> 01:45:06,550 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1437 01:45:11,763 --> 01:45:13,557 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1438 01:45:18,478 --> 01:45:20,939 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1439 01:45:25,444 --> 01:45:27,612 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1440 01:45:32,325 --> 01:45:34,286 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1441 01:45:39,207 --> 01:45:41,251 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1442 01:45:51,428 --> 01:45:52,512 {\an8}My name is Tim Peake, 1443 01:45:52,637 --> 01:45:55,766 {\an8}and I'm an astronaut with the European Space Agency. 1444 01:45:59,770 --> 01:46:03,273 I grew up in Westbourne, which is a small village in West Sussex. 1445 01:46:03,398 --> 01:46:05,025 We had beautiful night skies. 1446 01:46:05,150 --> 01:46:08,487 I would, you know, often go out at night and just look up at the stars, 1447 01:46:08,612 --> 01:46:11,531 and really ask myself the big questions 1448 01:46:11,656 --> 01:46:14,618 about our place in the universe and how we got here, 1449 01:46:14,743 --> 01:46:17,704 and what created the universe, and where it's going. 1450 01:46:21,416 --> 01:46:23,502 The ability to actually go up there and travel, 1451 01:46:23,627 --> 01:46:26,171 to see what's out there beyond the boundaries, 1452 01:46:26,296 --> 01:46:28,131 was definitely a dream. 1453 01:46:30,300 --> 01:46:32,761 -[Tim] Okay, I'm coming out. -[Tim Kopra] Okay. 1454 01:46:33,470 --> 01:46:36,807 [Reid Wiseman] Hey, Tim, it's really cool seeing that Union Jack go outside, 1455 01:46:36,890 --> 01:46:39,101 since it's explored all over the world, 1456 01:46:39,184 --> 01:46:40,852 now it's explored space. 1457 01:46:40,936 --> 01:46:43,897 [Tim] It's great to be wearing it. 1458 01:46:44,564 --> 01:46:45,774 A huge privilege. 1459 01:46:46,525 --> 01:46:47,859 A proud moment. 1460 01:46:49,945 --> 01:46:51,404 [man] Gentlemen, looking great. 1461 01:46:51,530 --> 01:46:54,116 Glad to see you both out there together on the tip of the world. 1462 01:46:57,119 --> 01:46:59,621 [Tim] We thought it very important to include our children 1463 01:46:59,704 --> 01:47:01,581 in everything that was going on, 1464 01:47:01,706 --> 01:47:04,543 so they felt very much a part of that process. 1465 01:47:04,668 --> 01:47:06,545 [boy] Hello, Daddy. 1466 01:47:06,670 --> 01:47:08,839 They were there in Kazakhstan on launch day. 1467 01:47:08,964 --> 01:47:13,218 [reporter] Tim's wife, Rebecca, beaming with pride. Not a trace of nerves. 1468 01:47:13,343 --> 01:47:16,888 Will you ever be able to look at the stars in the same way again? 1469 01:47:17,013 --> 01:47:19,474 It'll give us something extra to look at, that's for sure, 1470 01:47:19,599 --> 01:47:22,894 now that we know Daddy's up there, so, yeah, 1471 01:47:23,019 --> 01:47:26,857 we'll have something else to look out for in the night sky, so it'll be great. 1472 01:47:26,940 --> 01:47:29,901 [Tim] I got to see them just before getting onto the bus as well, 1473 01:47:30,026 --> 01:47:31,111 to the launch pad. 1474 01:47:38,618 --> 01:47:43,498 By the time you actually say goodbye to your family and go to the launch pad, 1475 01:47:43,623 --> 01:47:45,876 there's a moment there where you realize, 1476 01:47:46,001 --> 01:47:48,336 "Okay, this is happening now." 1477 01:47:48,461 --> 01:47:53,133 And for me, it was a real flick of a switch in terms of mental focus. 1478 01:47:53,258 --> 01:47:55,510 Ten, nine, eight… 1479 01:47:55,635 --> 01:47:57,804 [Tim] You realize, "This is it for six months. 1480 01:47:57,888 --> 01:48:00,807 Get into the right frame of mind, 1481 01:48:00,932 --> 01:48:03,101 because what you're going to do is quite remarkable." 1482 01:48:03,226 --> 01:48:05,145 One! 1483 01:48:10,483 --> 01:48:11,526 Hey! 1484 01:48:14,362 --> 01:48:16,781 Bye, Daddy! Bye! 1485 01:48:39,888 --> 01:48:43,099 [Tim] Nothing can really prepare you for that feeling of weightlessness 1486 01:48:43,225 --> 01:48:45,977 and how to move your body around. You feel very clumsy at first. 1487 01:48:46,102 --> 01:48:50,440 Your arms and legs are not moving how you would expect them to, 1488 01:48:50,565 --> 01:48:53,610 and you have to use your muscles in a different way to control yourself. 1489 01:48:53,735 --> 01:48:56,363 This could be the worst idea I've ever had. 1490 01:48:56,488 --> 01:48:59,241 -[laughs] -Come on. You can do better than that. 1491 01:48:59,366 --> 01:49:02,118 Okay, so, yeah, I'll just go into a ball and start spinning, 1492 01:49:02,244 --> 01:49:06,539 and then if you wanna just keep me going round, and… 1493 01:49:07,332 --> 01:49:10,710 -Shall I keep you on axis too? -Yeah, yeah. On axis, that's cool. 1494 01:49:11,711 --> 01:49:13,797 Let's go for it. That's good. 1495 01:49:13,922 --> 01:49:18,009 That's really fast from my point of view, but it's not making me feel sick. 1496 01:49:19,010 --> 01:49:22,764 The space station is, first and foremost, a scientific laboratory. 1497 01:49:22,889 --> 01:49:26,810 When you change gravity, you get some quite remarkable results 1498 01:49:26,935 --> 01:49:28,853 in many of the experiments that we're doing. 1499 01:49:28,979 --> 01:49:33,233 If you think that all life on Earth has evolved over billions of years 1500 01:49:33,358 --> 01:49:35,151 in a one-G environment, 1501 01:49:35,277 --> 01:49:36,820 put them into weightlessness, 1502 01:49:36,945 --> 01:49:40,782 we know straightaway that the human body changes remarkably 1503 01:49:40,907 --> 01:49:43,451 just in the first five weeks in space. 1504 01:49:43,576 --> 01:49:47,497 Our immune system changes, our cardiovascular system changes, 1505 01:49:47,622 --> 01:49:52,085 our blood volume changes, our skin ages differently, our eyesight changes. 1506 01:49:52,210 --> 01:49:56,506 And that just goes to show what gravity is doing here on Earth 1507 01:49:56,631 --> 01:49:58,550 and what happens when you remove it. 1508 01:49:59,301 --> 01:50:00,969 Okay, I'll see if I can… 1509 01:50:01,094 --> 01:50:03,805 I'm feeling dizzy. I'll see how quickly it stops. 1510 01:50:05,432 --> 01:50:09,561 So definitely felt dizzy initially, and now it's gone. 1511 01:50:09,686 --> 01:50:12,022 -No. It's that quick? -Yeah. Yeah, completely normal. 1512 01:50:12,147 --> 01:50:13,440 -Amazing. -Yeah. 1513 01:50:13,565 --> 01:50:14,566 [man] Crazy. 1514 01:50:18,820 --> 01:50:21,531 [Tim] I was very lucky to have the opportunity to go on a spacewalk. 1515 01:50:21,656 --> 01:50:24,409 Myself and Tim Kopra, my NASA crewmate. 1516 01:50:24,534 --> 01:50:26,995 We had to go and repair one of the solar panels. 1517 01:50:27,120 --> 01:50:28,413 It was quite an important task 1518 01:50:28,538 --> 01:50:31,374 to get the full power back up and running to the space station. 1519 01:50:31,499 --> 01:50:33,209 [commentator] Tim Peake now being moved 1520 01:50:33,335 --> 01:50:34,627 by Scott Kelly on the left, 1521 01:50:34,753 --> 01:50:40,216 Sergei Volkov on the right, into the crew-lock section of Quest. 1522 01:50:42,177 --> 01:50:44,637 [Tim] When you first go into the airlock, 1523 01:50:44,763 --> 01:50:46,848 you're in there with so much other equipment. 1524 01:50:46,973 --> 01:50:49,267 Everything is making an awful noise. 1525 01:50:49,392 --> 01:50:51,603 I mean, we have a lot of metal on our spacesuits, 1526 01:50:51,728 --> 01:50:54,314 so lots of clips, lots of karabiners, 1527 01:50:54,439 --> 01:50:56,524 tethers which are gonna keep things attached. 1528 01:50:56,649 --> 01:50:59,110 Everything is clunking around, making a racket. 1529 01:50:59,235 --> 01:51:03,198 As the airlock starts to depressurize and we go to vacuum, 1530 01:51:03,323 --> 01:51:06,618 you notice a lot of that noise starting to disappear. 1531 01:51:17,670 --> 01:51:22,550 We still hear things because they're being transmitted through our spacesuit, 1532 01:51:22,675 --> 01:51:26,304 but, for example, you can get two metal clips in front of your helmet 1533 01:51:26,429 --> 01:51:29,682 and knock them together and then you won't hear anything at all. 1534 01:51:29,808 --> 01:51:32,727 The noise that you have is just a gentle hum of a fan 1535 01:51:32,852 --> 01:51:36,523 blowing air over the back of our heads through our helmets. 1536 01:51:39,401 --> 01:51:40,527 Dropping out of the airlock 1537 01:51:40,652 --> 01:51:46,408 and just seeing Earth beneath my feet for the first time was wonderful. 1538 01:51:47,117 --> 01:51:50,161 It's a very calm environment, a very serene environment. 1539 01:51:50,286 --> 01:51:53,373 It's not like a high-adrenaline, extreme sport. 1540 01:51:53,498 --> 01:51:56,543 It's one that's just of awe. 1541 01:51:57,001 --> 01:52:01,589 ♪ Hanging around On the edge of the world ♪ 1542 01:52:03,716 --> 01:52:06,845 ♪ Finally no one around ♪ 1543 01:52:07,846 --> 01:52:12,308 [Tim] I think spacewalking is probably the highest risk activity that we do, 1544 01:52:12,434 --> 01:52:14,436 and it's actually physically demanding as well. 1545 01:52:14,561 --> 01:52:17,021 It looks very graceful when you see astronauts out there, 1546 01:52:17,147 --> 01:52:19,899 but inside the suit, we're working very, very hard 1547 01:52:20,024 --> 01:52:22,610 with moving your fingers and your arms 1548 01:52:22,735 --> 01:52:25,363 against the pressure of a pressurized suit. 1549 01:52:29,409 --> 01:52:31,494 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1550 01:52:35,665 --> 01:52:38,251 One thing that was strange for me as a pilot 1551 01:52:38,376 --> 01:52:42,547 is that in all my years of flying, of course, if there's an emergency, 1552 01:52:42,672 --> 01:52:45,300 one of the first things you're thinking about is landing. 1553 01:52:45,425 --> 01:52:48,011 Where am I gonna land? How am I going to land? 1554 01:52:48,136 --> 01:52:53,016 In space, that's not gonna happen. You're up there for good. 1555 01:52:56,644 --> 01:52:58,855 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1556 01:53:27,800 --> 01:53:29,886 [Josh] Our planet is just a little blue marble 1557 01:53:30,011 --> 01:53:32,305 floating in the black void of space. 1558 01:53:34,098 --> 01:53:40,772 I make little planets that perhaps remind one of how small our own Earth is 1559 01:53:40,897 --> 01:53:44,150 in relation to the greater universe. 1560 01:53:45,777 --> 01:53:48,988 Some kind of a star-base there. 1561 01:53:53,826 --> 01:53:56,037 And sometimes just cities. 1562 01:53:58,581 --> 01:54:02,293 People actually give us a hard time because he makes glass planets 1563 01:54:02,418 --> 01:54:04,921 and I like to go look for planets. 1564 01:54:05,588 --> 01:54:07,507 They seem to like it up here. 1565 01:54:09,592 --> 01:54:11,594 [Jamey] Hey, Mom, I made cookies. 1566 01:54:11,719 --> 01:54:13,972 [Josh] Jamey made cookies two nights in a row. 1567 01:54:14,097 --> 01:54:18,476 [Cady] Oh, I miss you, sweetie-pie. I love you guys a lot. I miss you. 1568 01:54:18,601 --> 01:54:20,436 [Jamey] Love you too. I love you. I miss you. 1569 01:54:20,562 --> 01:54:22,689 -[Josh] All right, bye, sweetie. -[Cady] Bye. 1570 01:54:25,733 --> 01:54:29,028 We could not call Cady, but she called us. 1571 01:54:29,153 --> 01:54:32,198 I think she called us every single night she was in orbit 1572 01:54:32,323 --> 01:54:34,492 except the night before she came back. 1573 01:54:35,201 --> 01:54:37,203 It was amazing to have her call us. 1574 01:54:37,328 --> 01:54:41,499 We'd talk for a few minutes and then we'd go back, if it was a clear night, 1575 01:54:41,624 --> 01:54:46,421 we'd walk out onto the back porch and watch her just blaze across the sky. 1576 01:54:49,340 --> 01:54:51,843 [Jamey] She would read me, like, bedtime stories, 1577 01:54:51,968 --> 01:54:55,805 or I would just sort of talk to her in my room about my day, you know. 1578 01:54:55,930 --> 01:55:01,519 It was definitely really tough to not be able to talk in the same way, 1579 01:55:01,644 --> 01:55:05,356 and that whenever I needed something, I would call my mom and be, like, 1580 01:55:05,481 --> 01:55:08,109 "Mom, I can't find my pants. Where are my pants?" 1581 01:55:08,234 --> 01:55:10,069 But now that she was on the station, 1582 01:55:10,194 --> 01:55:12,864 it was, like, "Sweetie, I don't know where your pants are, 1583 01:55:12,947 --> 01:55:15,533 because I haven't been there for four months," you know. 1584 01:55:16,534 --> 01:55:18,077 People ask me, you know, like, 1585 01:55:18,202 --> 01:55:20,204 "What is it like to have your mom as an astronaut?" 1586 01:55:20,330 --> 01:55:22,999 And I'll be, like, "Well, I mean, it's just Mom." 1587 01:55:24,834 --> 01:55:28,713 [Cady] I look out at the stars and I see so many stars and planets 1588 01:55:28,838 --> 01:55:31,841 and know that, you know, we have a place in the universe, 1589 01:55:31,966 --> 01:55:35,011 and it's our job to explore that place. 1590 01:55:36,721 --> 01:55:38,348 We need to bring up our children 1591 01:55:38,473 --> 01:55:42,143 to recognize and celebrate the differences among us 1592 01:55:42,268 --> 01:55:45,563 and realize that it is bringing those differences to a team 1593 01:55:45,688 --> 01:55:50,193 that allows us to pursue and succeed in large endeavors, 1594 01:55:50,318 --> 01:55:52,278 like having it become normal 1595 01:55:52,403 --> 01:55:55,907 that somebody's mom lives on the space station. 1596 01:55:58,534 --> 01:56:00,787 ["In The Wee Small Hours Of The Morning" playing] 1597 01:56:00,870 --> 01:56:06,417 ♪ In the wee small hours of the morning ♪ 1598 01:56:07,710 --> 01:56:14,425 ♪ While the whole wide world Is fast asleep ♪ 1599 01:56:14,509 --> 01:56:16,719 It's very interesting when you overfly places 1600 01:56:16,844 --> 01:56:18,346 that you have a strong connection to. 1601 01:56:18,471 --> 01:56:21,975 You are high enough that you can embrace with one look an entire country. 1602 01:56:22,100 --> 01:56:25,395 Like Italy, you can easily see the whole of it. 1603 01:56:25,520 --> 01:56:28,106 Everybody that I know that I love that lives in there, 1604 01:56:28,231 --> 01:56:30,108 I can kind of see them all. 1605 01:56:36,072 --> 01:56:39,283 We are flying around the Earth once every 90 minutes. 1606 01:56:39,409 --> 01:56:42,745 Every orbit is like this embrace of the planet. 1607 01:56:43,997 --> 01:56:47,041 There is no one place on the planet that feels far away. 1608 01:56:47,166 --> 01:56:49,544 Everything feels very close, like your backyard. 1609 01:56:49,961 --> 01:56:56,926 ♪ In the wee small hours of the morning ♪ 1610 01:56:58,261 --> 01:57:01,222 ♪ That's the time… ♪ 1611 01:57:01,305 --> 01:57:04,100 [Samantha] Even the strange situation of thinking that, you know, 1612 01:57:04,225 --> 01:57:06,394 there's billions of people on the planet, 1613 01:57:06,519 --> 01:57:08,396 and there's only six right now 1614 01:57:08,521 --> 01:57:11,315 that are not, you know, confined to the surface, 1615 01:57:11,441 --> 01:57:13,359 and it happens to be the six of us. 1616 01:57:18,531 --> 01:57:21,784 I think by the end what I had was a feeling of affection 1617 01:57:21,909 --> 01:57:23,369 for the planet as a whole. 1618 01:57:23,494 --> 01:57:28,166 It almost makes you feel like the sentinels that are guarding the Earth, 1619 01:57:28,291 --> 01:57:30,334 especially when you fly over it at night, right? 1620 01:57:30,418 --> 01:57:32,587 You almost think, like, people down there, 1621 01:57:32,712 --> 01:57:35,965 you're looking over them as they're sleeping. 1622 01:57:36,090 --> 01:57:38,968 You get that feeling of, "Oh, gosh, you know, it's my planet, 1623 01:57:39,093 --> 01:57:40,845 I want to protect it." 1624 01:57:40,970 --> 01:57:47,935 ♪ In the wee small hours of the morning ♪ 1625 01:57:50,188 --> 01:57:56,486 ♪ That's the time you miss her ♪ 1626 01:57:56,569 --> 01:58:03,534 ♪ Most of all ♪ 1627 01:58:29,477 --> 01:58:31,604 [Peggy] One of the best parts of being able 1628 01:58:31,729 --> 01:58:36,734 to look at Earth from space is perspective. 1629 01:58:36,859 --> 01:58:40,863 Because you see that planet, you see how valuable it is, 1630 01:58:40,988 --> 01:58:44,158 how tiny-thin that atmosphere is, 1631 01:58:44,283 --> 01:58:49,372 and that's where all of the humanity that we know about, anyway, lives on. 1632 01:58:49,497 --> 01:58:51,290 And then you look out to the stars 1633 01:58:51,415 --> 01:58:56,879 and you see thousands and thousands and thousands of stars, 1634 01:58:57,004 --> 01:59:01,300 and recognize that we are just one galaxy 1635 01:59:01,425 --> 01:59:05,388 and that there are billions of galaxies out there 1636 01:59:05,513 --> 01:59:07,849 that have maybe even more stars than us. 1637 01:59:08,558 --> 01:59:10,810 It makes me sure that there is other life out there. 1638 01:59:10,935 --> 01:59:16,566 It may not look like us, or, you know, be like us in any form or fashion, 1639 01:59:16,691 --> 01:59:18,734 but there's going to be life out there. 1640 01:59:18,860 --> 01:59:23,072 There's just too many choices, too many chances to be had. 1641 01:59:28,995 --> 01:59:32,707 I think what history will say about the space station is going to be 1642 01:59:32,832 --> 01:59:36,878 that it was the first real demonstration of international cooperation. 1643 01:59:37,003 --> 01:59:40,381 We put together pieces that had never been put together, 1644 01:59:40,506 --> 01:59:44,343 we did it in low-Earth orbit, going 17,500 miles an hour, 1645 01:59:44,468 --> 01:59:48,264 and that technical cooperation overcomes differences 1646 01:59:48,389 --> 01:59:52,476 in culture, in religions or beliefs. 1647 01:59:52,602 --> 01:59:54,770 We overcame all of that and came together 1648 01:59:54,896 --> 01:59:57,106 to build something really special. 1649 01:59:57,231 --> 02:00:01,402 I think one of the most memorable times on the spacewalk, 1650 02:00:01,527 --> 02:00:05,364 I was doing a baseband signal processor change-out. 1651 02:00:05,489 --> 02:00:10,870 I pulled the box out, and the back side of the container that housed the box 1652 02:00:10,995 --> 02:00:14,957 was this mirror reflective substance, 1653 02:00:15,082 --> 02:00:18,669 and I saw myself in a spacesuit 1654 02:00:18,794 --> 02:00:20,713 with the Earth behind me. 1655 02:00:20,838 --> 02:00:25,927 I was, like, "Hey, I'm an astronaut. The real thing!" 1656 02:00:26,552 --> 02:00:28,721 Not bad for a girl from Iowa. 1657 02:00:32,808 --> 02:00:34,977 I would go back to space in a heartbeat. 1658 02:00:35,102 --> 02:00:37,855 I met my radiation limits with NASA, 1659 02:00:37,980 --> 02:00:40,566 so I'll have to find somebody else that'll fly me. 1660 02:00:40,691 --> 02:00:41,776 [chuckles] 1661 02:00:47,031 --> 02:00:48,699 [Scott] Seeing the Earth from space, 1662 02:00:48,783 --> 02:00:51,410 and seeing the planet without political borders, 1663 02:00:51,535 --> 02:00:54,205 you get an enhanced sense 1664 02:00:54,330 --> 02:00:59,752 that we are all in this thing that we call humanity together. 1665 02:00:59,877 --> 02:01:03,756 You know, we're all part of the same team, Team Earth. 1666 02:01:07,301 --> 02:01:10,680 One of the first times I looked at the Earth I was, like, kind of puzzled. 1667 02:01:10,805 --> 02:01:14,100 I was like, "Hey, what's that thin film over the surface?" 1668 02:01:14,225 --> 02:01:16,560 And then you quickly realize, that's our atmosphere. 1669 02:01:16,686 --> 02:01:18,521 When you look down on the planet, 1670 02:01:18,604 --> 02:01:22,400 our atmosphere looks like a contact lens over somebody's eyeball, 1671 02:01:22,525 --> 02:01:25,027 like this very, very fragile thing. 1672 02:01:25,152 --> 02:01:28,239 And then you see how certain parts of the Earth 1673 02:01:28,364 --> 02:01:32,618 are almost always covered in pollution. Noticeable changes in the rainforest. 1674 02:01:32,743 --> 02:01:38,624 I mean, it really makes you, you know, wanna take care of the planet. 1675 02:01:38,749 --> 02:01:40,001 We're all not going to Mars. 1676 02:01:40,126 --> 02:01:45,047 Mars is not the place that we go after we destroy this planet. 1677 02:01:45,172 --> 02:01:46,549 That's not gonna work. 1678 02:01:58,728 --> 02:02:00,896 This was built by an international partnership. 1679 02:02:01,022 --> 02:02:05,443 Fifteen different countries, different languages, different cultures, 1680 02:02:06,277 --> 02:02:08,446 different technical ways of doing things. 1681 02:02:08,529 --> 02:02:10,656 This is like the hardest thing we've ever done. 1682 02:02:10,781 --> 02:02:12,616 Maybe harder than going to the Moon. 1683 02:02:12,742 --> 02:02:19,206 That alone proves that if we have a dream, 1684 02:02:19,332 --> 02:02:22,626 if we have a goal, if we work together, work as a team, 1685 02:02:22,752 --> 02:02:25,421 we can accomplish amazing things. 1686 02:02:27,298 --> 02:02:29,300 [man speaks in Russian] 1687 02:02:31,552 --> 02:02:33,554 [applause] 1688 02:02:37,641 --> 02:02:40,061 [Sergei in Russian] Space exploration is important 1689 02:02:40,144 --> 02:02:42,813 because it's a way to expand our world. 1690 02:02:42,938 --> 02:02:45,941 The fact that we've now learned to go higher than the atmosphere 1691 02:02:46,025 --> 02:02:51,530 is probably a step as crucial as learning to cross the sea. 1692 02:02:52,281 --> 02:02:54,742 [man] The crew requests permission to come aboard. 1693 02:02:54,867 --> 02:02:56,619 [man 2] Endeavour, permission granted. 1694 02:03:01,415 --> 02:03:03,209 [Sergei in Russian] Sooner or later, 1695 02:03:03,334 --> 02:03:05,419 we must find some settlements on the Moon, 1696 02:03:05,544 --> 02:03:09,256 then maybe on Mars's satellites, on Mars itself, 1697 02:03:09,382 --> 02:03:13,844 so these are the first steps to making our civilization multi-planetary. 1698 02:03:17,473 --> 02:03:20,101 We do realize we've just started on this path 1699 02:03:20,184 --> 02:03:22,728 and maybe walking it is slower 1700 02:03:22,853 --> 02:03:26,357 than sci-fi writers thought 30 or 40 years ago, 1701 02:03:26,482 --> 02:03:29,235 but we still have to take steps now 1702 02:03:29,360 --> 02:03:31,987 to finally arrive where our destiny lies. 1703 02:04:33,507 --> 02:04:37,178 [Bill] To us, their less tried successors, they appear magnified, 1704 02:04:37,303 --> 02:04:41,307 pushing out into the unknown in obedience to an inward voice, 1705 02:04:41,432 --> 02:04:45,603 to an impulse beating in the blood, to a dream of the future. 1706 02:04:46,312 --> 02:04:49,106 They were wonderful, and it must be owned, 1707 02:04:49,231 --> 02:04:51,066 they were ready for the wonderful. 1708 02:04:55,863 --> 02:04:58,491 [woman] Parameters of the launch vehicle are normal. 1709 02:04:58,616 --> 02:05:01,911 [woman 2] Okay, copy. Everything is normal on board. 150 seconds. 1710 02:05:02,036 --> 02:05:04,914 [woman 3] Have you loud and clear. Everything is normal on board. 1711 02:05:05,039 --> 02:05:06,081 Further inaudible. 1712 02:05:06,207 --> 02:05:09,710 [woman 4] This is 19. Solovia. Yes, I have you loud and clear. 1713 02:05:09,835 --> 02:05:13,130 Everything's good on our side. Congratulations. 1714 02:05:13,214 --> 02:05:14,423 ["Solid Ground" playing] 1715 02:05:14,507 --> 02:05:19,136 ♪ How does it feel When it's quiet and calm? ♪ 1716 02:05:21,096 --> 02:05:25,059 ♪ And will I be denied? ♪ 1717 02:05:28,062 --> 02:05:32,942 ♪ How will it feel When it's time to move on? ♪ 1718 02:05:34,902 --> 02:05:38,489 ♪ Mother says kneel and pray ♪ 1719 02:05:41,951 --> 02:05:47,289 ♪ When it gets hard I will roll those sleeves ♪ 1720 02:05:48,582 --> 02:05:52,378 ♪ Life can be so unkind ♪ 1721 02:05:55,256 --> 02:06:00,386 ♪ I will be found On the edge of the world ♪ 1722 02:06:02,263 --> 02:06:05,683 ♪ Where there'll be no one around ♪ 1723 02:06:06,225 --> 02:06:09,520 ♪ Oh, solid ground ♪ 1724 02:06:14,108 --> 02:06:16,402 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1725 02:06:21,031 --> 02:06:22,908 ♪ Solid ground ♪ 1726 02:06:27,955 --> 02:06:30,082 {\an8}♪ Solid ground ♪ 155581

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