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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,250 --> 00:00:02,700 Hello everybody and welcome to this tutorial. 2 00:00:02,700 --> 00:00:05,600 Today I will introduce you to the Linux terminal 3 00:00:05,600 --> 00:00:08,900 and show you some of its basic functionalities so 4 00:00:08,900 --> 00:00:15,600 So in Kali Linux, the terminal icon is located in the upper left corner 5 00:00:15,600 --> 00:00:16,500 this black thing 6 00:00:16,500 --> 00:00:17,710 So just click on it 7 00:00:17,710 --> 00:00:18,900 and there you go. 8 00:00:18,900 --> 00:00:22,200 You have the terminal up and running here by default 9 00:00:22,200 --> 00:00:26,000 It opens up a root terminal in Kali 10 00:00:26,000 --> 00:00:27,400 So if you want to 11 00:00:27,400 --> 00:00:29,210 usually people want to configure it 12 00:00:29,210 --> 00:00:32,300 but if you don't want to configure anything else 13 00:00:32,300 --> 00:00:33,500 this is perfectly fine. 14 00:00:33,500 --> 00:00:35,290 You don't actually need to do anything else. 15 00:00:35,290 --> 00:00:41,700 However, 99% of time people will configure the terminal 16 00:00:41,730 --> 00:00:44,879 to suit their own needs and purposes. 17 00:00:44,880 --> 00:00:50,100 For example, I will always almost always increase the font size. 18 00:00:50,100 --> 00:00:51,900 So that it's clear and visible 19 00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:55,829 and that I have a better overview of what I am doing at the moment 20 00:00:55,829 --> 00:01:00,320 and it also reduces eyestrain, according to some articles 21 00:01:00,320 --> 00:01:06,200 Anyway, just go ahead and right click anywhere on the terminal itself 22 00:01:06,200 --> 00:01:09,000 not on the bar, but on the terminal itself 23 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:10,619 and then you have "show menu bar" 24 00:01:10,619 --> 00:01:12,400 Now we can see it here 25 00:01:12,400 --> 00:01:14,700 Go ahead and click on edit 26 00:01:14,700 --> 00:01:16,400 You can click on profiles as well 27 00:01:16,400 --> 00:01:21,000 and create new profiles here by just clicking on "New" 28 00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:25,300 giving it a name and then configuring it in the preferences. 29 00:01:25,300 --> 00:01:29,400 However, we're gonna be configuring the default profile 30 00:01:29,400 --> 00:01:33,900 since there really is no need to create any additional ones. 31 00:01:33,900 --> 00:01:36,280 Go ahead and click on profile preferences 32 00:01:36,280 --> 00:01:39,829 and here you have a great deal of options. 33 00:01:41,500 --> 00:01:43,290 One of the first ones you will see 34 00:01:43,290 --> 00:01:47,409 is that you can use a system fixed with font. 35 00:01:47,409 --> 00:01:49,800 So this is not good. 36 00:01:49,800 --> 00:01:51,300 You see this is very small 37 00:01:51,300 --> 00:01:53,350 I always need to change that. 38 00:01:53,350 --> 00:01:55,619 If that's fine for you, you can keep it like that 39 00:01:55,620 --> 00:01:57,100 but I always change it. 40 00:01:57,100 --> 00:01:59,250 I have monospace 20 41 00:01:59,250 --> 00:02:03,500 If you click on it, you can change the font size here if you wish. 42 00:02:03,500 --> 00:02:06,049 You can change the font that you're using 43 00:02:06,049 --> 00:02:10,500 and that would be it as far as this place is concerned. 44 00:02:10,500 --> 00:02:14,200 You has some other very simple options here 45 00:02:14,200 --> 00:02:17,100 It says "show menu bar by default in new terminals" 46 00:02:17,100 --> 00:02:20,290 I generally take it. 47 00:02:20,290 --> 00:02:22,100 I think it's a good idea 48 00:02:22,100 --> 00:02:25,800 since you always need to do something like open up a tab 49 00:02:25,800 --> 00:02:27,200 or something of a kind 50 00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:28,740 but you don't need to 51 00:02:28,740 --> 00:02:30,400 You have the cursor shape here. 52 00:02:30,400 --> 00:02:32,300 It says "Block" "I-Beam" "Underline 53 00:02:32,300 --> 00:02:33,700 I just want to show you how it looks like. 54 00:02:33,700 --> 00:02:36,400 You can view the terminal as the changes are applied. 55 00:02:36,400 --> 00:02:38,290 So you have a block and you have a underline. 56 00:02:38,290 --> 00:02:39,500 I prefer a block 57 00:02:39,500 --> 00:02:41,000 You can use whatever you wish. 58 00:02:41,000 --> 00:02:45,420 It will not affect you in any technical sense, that is. 59 00:02:45,420 --> 00:02:49,920 I have "Title and Command' and we don't actually change anything there. 60 00:02:49,920 --> 00:02:52,000 You can change the title if you wish 61 00:02:52,000 --> 00:02:53,510 and we have colors. 62 00:02:53,510 --> 00:02:59,800 So I think that this color scheme is appropriate and fitting for me 63 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:02,300 but you can change it anyway you like. 64 00:03:02,300 --> 00:03:05,500 You can customize it to the point of extreme. 65 00:03:05,500 --> 00:03:06,900 You can change the text color. 66 00:03:06,900 --> 00:03:08,140 The background color. 67 00:03:08,140 --> 00:03:11,000 You have the color palette here. 68 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:13,100 So you can do whatever you want here. 69 00:03:13,100 --> 00:03:15,000 You have built-in schemes. 70 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:16,700 It says White on Black 71 00:03:16,700 --> 00:03:19,190 I can say Green on Black 72 00:03:19,190 --> 00:03:22,000 Oops, sorry...cancel 73 00:03:22,000 --> 00:03:24,000 You can say Green on Black 74 00:03:24,000 --> 00:03:26,900 Does it have Blue on Black? 75 00:03:26,900 --> 00:03:28,000 Umm, no. 76 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:29,200 Oh, this one's bad 77 00:03:29,200 --> 00:03:30,940 I wouldn't be able to work on this one. 78 00:03:30,940 --> 00:03:37,000 So let's just leave it at White on Black. 79 00:03:37,000 --> 00:03:38,500 This is the best color... 80 00:03:38,500 --> 00:03:41,300 This is one of the best color schemes I use. 81 00:03:41,300 --> 00:03:43,800 Personally, I use on Fedora Blue on Black 82 00:03:43,800 --> 00:03:46,000 but I'm just gonna leave it as it is here. 83 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:47,870 No need to actually change anything. 84 00:03:47,870 --> 00:03:52,090 Now in the background, you have three features here basically 85 00:03:52,090 --> 00:03:55,470 You have solid color like this one here that you are seeing 86 00:03:55,470 --> 00:03:58,959 and you can choose a background image. 87 00:03:58,959 --> 00:04:02,080 You can download anything you want from the internet pretty much. 88 00:04:02,080 --> 00:04:05,080 You can configure it to be transparent 89 00:04:05,080 --> 00:04:08,000 or image background. 90 00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:14,700 and also, you have the ability to have a fully transparent background 91 00:04:14,700 --> 00:04:16,500 and if you click on "Transparent Background" 92 00:04:16,500 --> 00:04:19,380 it's pretty much the same as having a background image 93 00:04:19,380 --> 00:04:22,500 except in this case 94 00:04:22,500 --> 00:04:23,000 excellent 95 00:04:23,000 --> 00:04:25,100 I'm just gonna configure the transparency levels 96 00:04:25,100 --> 00:04:26,100 and that's pretty good 97 00:04:26,100 --> 00:04:27,800 except in this case 98 00:04:27,800 --> 00:04:31,900 your background image will be your desktop image pretty much 99 00:04:31,900 --> 00:04:35,100 depending on where your terminal is. 100 00:04:35,100 --> 00:04:38,600 in "Scrolling", there's an important feature here 101 00:04:38,600 --> 00:04:39,800 It's "Scroll Back" 102 00:04:39,800 --> 00:04:43,400 So you don't want to have 512 lines. 103 00:04:43,400 --> 00:04:46,000 You want to go ahead and click on "Unlimited" 104 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:48,710 unless you're severely limited in terms of RAM 105 00:04:48,710 --> 00:04:52,420 and unless you're typing in a large amount of commands 106 00:04:52,420 --> 00:04:53,500 or something of a kind 107 00:04:53,500 --> 00:04:55,990 but in any case, it's better to have unlimited 108 00:04:55,990 --> 00:05:00,600 especially not only environment such as these 109 00:05:00,600 --> 00:05:01,560 but rather instead 110 00:05:01,560 --> 00:05:03,700 in cases such as these. 111 00:05:03,700 --> 00:05:07,080 You don't need to do anything here in terms of compatibility. 112 00:05:07,080 --> 00:05:09,100 I'm just gonna go ahead and close this 113 00:05:09,100 --> 00:05:11,900 and I have selected a transparent background 114 00:05:11,900 --> 00:05:14,160 and you see this only works for a desktop image. 115 00:05:14,160 --> 00:05:17,000 It doesn't actually show icons or anything of the kind. 116 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:21,000 If I open up my web browser, it's not gonna show it in the background. 117 00:05:21,000 --> 00:05:25,400 It's still gonna keep the desktop background image. 118 00:05:25,400 --> 00:05:29,000 So the desktop wallpaper, should you wish to call it so. 119 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:32,300 There's a slight delay when it goes about in the update 120 00:05:32,300 --> 00:05:33,900 but it's fine. 121 00:05:33,900 --> 00:05:35,700 Doesn't bother us in this slightest bit. 122 00:05:35,700 --> 00:05:38,099 Maybe I will change this later on during tutorial 123 00:05:38,099 --> 00:05:40,400 see how I like it 124 00:05:40,400 --> 00:05:46,300 but I just wanted to give you an option, so you can do whatever you want with it. 125 00:05:46,300 --> 00:05:49,539 In any case, you can go ahead and click on "File" 126 00:05:49,539 --> 00:05:51,500 and "Open Tab" 127 00:05:51,500 --> 00:05:55,300 I'm just gonna go ahead open myself four tabs 128 00:05:55,300 --> 00:05:57,860 three new ones and one I already had. 129 00:05:57,860 --> 00:06:01,000 So here you can switch in between them. 130 00:06:01,000 --> 00:06:02,099 It's very nice. 131 00:06:02,099 --> 00:06:04,500 There are no complications. 132 00:06:04,500 --> 00:06:07,300 For example, if I press "Open up a new terminal" 133 00:06:07,300 --> 00:06:09,760 I gotta click here and then I gotta click here 134 00:06:09,760 --> 00:06:11,400 and unusually you're gonna have... 135 00:06:11,400 --> 00:06:14,199 I'm just wanna show you what it's like to have four of them. 136 00:06:14,199 --> 00:06:18,300 So yeah, this is not actually manageable 137 00:06:18,300 --> 00:06:24,000 especially because you don't know what you are doing on which terminal. 138 00:06:24,000 --> 00:06:27,099 People sometimes split their screens into terminals. 139 00:06:27,099 --> 00:06:28,600 I sometimes do that 140 00:06:28,600 --> 00:06:29,300 It's very nice 141 00:06:29,300 --> 00:06:33,400 but we will deal with that a bit later on when we get into some serious stuff. 142 00:06:33,400 --> 00:06:35,880 When we actually need multiple terminals 143 00:06:35,890 --> 00:06:40,100 but tabbing these terminals 144 00:06:40,100 --> 00:06:41,500 it's very nice 145 00:06:41,500 --> 00:06:44,240 primarily because you can actually see what you're doing 146 00:06:44,240 --> 00:06:46,000 on each one of them in the headers. 147 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:48,630 See these things that I'm clicking on now 148 00:06:48,630 --> 00:06:51,000 They are headers of the terminal 149 00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:52,420 or so you can call them 150 00:06:52,420 --> 00:06:54,500 and for example, in this terminal 151 00:06:54,500 --> 00:06:55,950 I'm gonna go ahead and say 152 00:06:55,950 --> 00:06:59,240 "I want you to go into home. Change the directory to home" 153 00:06:59,240 --> 00:07:01,900 Change the working directory, that is 154 00:07:01,900 --> 00:07:04,000 If I change it here to "var" 155 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:10,850 and if I change it here to "var/logs" 156 00:07:10,850 --> 00:07:14,870 and if I want to go here to "tmp folder" 157 00:07:14,870 --> 00:07:16,000 Excellent 158 00:07:16,000 --> 00:07:19,400 So on each of the tabs in the headers 159 00:07:19,400 --> 00:07:21,360 I can see where I am. 160 00:07:21,360 --> 00:07:23,700 So this this one, it's home 161 00:07:23,700 --> 00:07:25,500 but this one, it's tmp. 162 00:07:25,500 --> 00:07:27,200 I don't need to click on it to know. 163 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:28,700 This one is log. 164 00:07:28,700 --> 00:07:32,000 So I can know what I'm doing in every particular terminal 165 00:07:32,000 --> 00:07:33,600 and even though you could have a program running 166 00:07:33,600 --> 00:07:34,500 or something like that 167 00:07:34,500 --> 00:07:37,000 It's still gonna write it out in the header 168 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:39,800 and you're gonna get some extra information there. 169 00:07:39,800 --> 00:07:40,300 It's very nice 170 00:07:40,300 --> 00:07:41,310 It's very useful 171 00:07:41,310 --> 00:07:46,490 and it's going to help you out a lot as we progress through this course 172 00:07:46,490 --> 00:07:49,500 and as we get into more complicated stuff. 173 00:07:49,500 --> 00:07:52,260 Anyway, I just want to introduce you to the next terminal. 174 00:07:52,260 --> 00:07:54,300 We have done some work with before 175 00:07:54,300 --> 00:07:58,850 during the installation of VirtualBox and VirtualBox guest additions 176 00:07:58,850 --> 00:08:01,500 but basically there, I just give you the command 177 00:08:01,500 --> 00:08:06,160 and you're gonna basically just rewrite it or copy-paste it 178 00:08:06,160 --> 00:08:08,000 and that's gonna be it. 179 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:10,700 but here, in the follow-up tutorial 180 00:08:10,700 --> 00:08:16,400 actually I will start explaining the fundamental Linux terminal commands 181 00:08:16,400 --> 00:08:17,590 The most common ones 182 00:08:17,590 --> 00:08:18,900 The most basic ones 183 00:08:18,900 --> 00:08:22,100 and there you will be able to see the logic of things 184 00:08:22,100 --> 00:08:25,100 and how this Linux terminal works and functions 185 00:08:25,100 --> 00:08:26,890 because once you actually learn that 186 00:08:26,890 --> 00:08:30,330 it gives you a huge amount of power. 187 00:08:30,330 --> 00:08:35,500 All the power of the operating system rests on it's terminal 188 00:08:35,500 --> 00:08:38,400 because it's a direct interface to the kernel of the system 189 00:08:38,410 --> 00:08:43,000 and it's a lot faster then the graphical interface. 190 00:08:43,000 --> 00:08:45,810 Now one more keynote that I would like to make here 191 00:08:45,810 --> 00:08:49,900 Once I teach you how to use the Linux terminal 192 00:08:49,900 --> 00:08:53,430 and once you get into the habit of typing in commands 193 00:08:53,430 --> 00:08:57,000 you can use them for a wide variety of purposes. 194 00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:01,000 You don't necessarily need to use these things for pen testing 195 00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:02,100 or something like that. 196 00:09:02,100 --> 00:09:05,060 You can use these commands for network administration 197 00:09:05,060 --> 00:09:09,280 or you can use them in order to troubleshoot problems with the system 198 00:09:09,280 --> 00:09:10,800 and so on and so forth. 199 00:09:10,800 --> 00:09:15,900 So you get a far wider spectrum options in terms of jobs 200 00:09:15,900 --> 00:09:17,310 or something of a kind 201 00:09:17,310 --> 00:09:22,300 as opposed to just learning something that you can only use for pen testing 202 00:09:22,300 --> 00:09:23,880 and nothing else. 203 00:09:23,880 --> 00:09:27,500 In any case, I bid you farewell 204 00:09:27,500 --> 00:09:31,080 and I hope to see you in the next tutorial. 16982