All language subtitles for 5. First Hop Redundancy Protocols - HSRP
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In the section we're going to talk about h is R P protocol
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a first up redundancy protocol.
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F H R P is a computer networking protocol which is designed to predict the default gateway used on a
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summer work by allowing two or more others to provide backup for the address in the event of a failure
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of an active rather the backup brother will take over the address usually within a few seconds.
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In practice such protocols can also be used to protect other services operating on a single IP address
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not just Rather's
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hot standby rather protocol HSR AP is a running protocol that allows host computers on the Internet
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to use multiple roles that act as a single virtual rather maintaining the connectivity even if the first
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hop rather fails because other others are on standby and they're ready to go.
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Rachel IP and MAC addresses are shared between the two brothers and there is no load balancing and verified
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by the show stand by comment as you can see that in our figure we have two brothers and their rather
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one and rather two and please pay attention that I am using SRP to protect the default gateway for here
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and here if there is a problem in the brothers.
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This interface or if that rather fails completely.
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For example we can have an power problem or we can have a cable problem in the end interface connecting
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between switch and the rather if this rather is the active one the HSR IP protocol will switch the traffic
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to the standby rather.
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This is actually what HSR is doing but there is no load balancing.
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As I said for example if this one is the active rather rather one is the active further the traffic
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flows in that direction and there is no packet in here.
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When this guy fails the traffic is switched to this direction.
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And if I configure preemption on rather one
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for example let's say that I have fixed the power unit problem and if I configured preemption as well
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this rather will become the active Gateway again.
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And this guy will act as a standby
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so let's take a look how we select the active and the standby gateways in the HSR pit.
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As you can see that in the figure we have two others again and the rather with the highest IP address
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will be active by default.
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But the selection can be changed with the H S IP priority value the rather with the highest HSR P prior
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to Wally becomes active and default prior to value is one hundred the active and the standby rather
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send the help packets to the H SRP group multicast others in three seconds.
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If the hell a packet does not arrive in 10 seconds the standby rather becomes active.
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Okay let's say that this guy is active again and this guy is standby if I want to change the roles if
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I want to make this guy as an active I need to increase the price to only off this rather when I increase
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the prior to early this guy will be active and traffic will flow in this direction instead of this direction
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in HSR PD the active Gateway propagates this Michael risks and says that hey guys use this mac address
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Widget X X is the HSR p group identifier to reach the this IP address which is H S IP standby IP
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let's talk about the topology now we have a P.C. in here which has an IP address of 10 that more hundreds
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the gateway address of the P.C. is turned up 1.
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And please pay attention that that's the HSR P IP so I'm at I'm gonna attach this IP address to this
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interface of the rather one and I'm going to attach this IP address to this interface of rather too
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and I'm going to attach a standby IP for both of them and that's gonna be turned up 1.
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And I'm going to define the gateway as ten that one.
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So what do the thing about this for example why I'm not attaching the tender to as Gateway let's say
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that the gateways tend up to if the gate they will be turned up to I would follow this line to send
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the packets to wider network read but when this rather fails if this if there's a problem with the structure
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in the network
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because of the 10 that too will fail.
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Also I wouldn't go to why they're in network but if I configure this one whenever this rather fails
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rather to will be the active rather and take the traffic onto it and I'm going to reach the wider network
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again without any interruption.
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Let's take a look to the HSR preemption feature.
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If the active rather fails the standby rather is activated and it remains active even if the previous
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active Raptor is returned.
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Pre-emption process forces rather to a new age SRP selection
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and here are the states of the HSR brothers.
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We have six six states and the first state is initial.
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This is the beginning state.
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It indicates HSR SRP is not running.
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It happens when the configuration changed or the interface is first turned on in the lone state through
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other has not detriment.
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The virtual IP address and has not yet seen an authenticated hallow message from the active rather in
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the state the rather will still wait to hear from the active rather in the lizard state through other
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nodes both IP and make addresses of the virtual runner but it's not the active or standby in this big
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state.
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The rather sends periodic H.S. IP hellos and participates in the selection of active or standby rather
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in the standby state through other monitors how the packets from the active rather and it will take
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the active state when the current active rather fails and in the active state rather forward packets
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that are sent to the H IP group.
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The.
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Also sends periodic Hello message
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and here is the configuration of the HSR IP first I it to fix the IP addresses for my configuration
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the IPL this in here is
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turn it up to and here is 30 that three and my gateway s
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third it up 1 and my HSR IP is also
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what I do in the configuration as I'm going under the interface mode and I'm assigning the IP addresses
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at thirty two and 30 that 3 to the physical interfaces these are for here and for here then I'm going
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to attach the stand by IP by using standby.
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And standby group no and IP and the IP address okay.
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And then the same thing on rather two to I just have two different configurations for either one in
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here sent by one prior to one hundred and fifty.
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This line shows me that rather one is the active rather for this HSR P topology because of the default
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loli of the project is 100 if I choose the one hundred and fifty.
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This guy will be the active one and here as you can see that I types them by 1 pre-empt comment.
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Which means I have configured the pre-emption.
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For example if this rather fails
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this guy will be the active front but when this rather is back this guy will be standby again and rather
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one will be active because I configure the pre-emption to verify DHS IP configuration.
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I'm using the show standby command and I can see the group no state active virtual mac address and standby
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Rather's IP as well by typing this show standby by command I can use different gateways for different
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villains in HSR P2 and this is what multi Group H SRP is doing for me.
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For example for villain Sim and realign 20 I'm using this guy as primary and I'm using this guy as the
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secondary for villain to an end villain 10.
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Then I'm getting under the interface villain for example interface villain 10 I'm attaching a lower
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priority for v lantern and higher priority for villain 20 which means this is gonna be active for villain
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to any and this is gonna be in Sam by mode for the villain.
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10
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SRP has another great feature that is known as HSR interface tracking.
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As I told you in the first slide HSR P always is responsible for protecting the default gateway these
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interfaces but when I try to connect to Internet I have also this interfaces as well.
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So what HSR P is doing with interface tracking HSR P is watching that if this interface is up or not
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is the interface fails for example.
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If serial 0 0 interface fails well the HSR is doing.
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This is Dick demanding the private label for either one and rather B is becoming the active brother.
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So I'm not having an interruption so traffic is flowing in this direction
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so another thing that SRP can do is object tracking.
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For example let's say that I have no problem in this in this interface to and everything is OK in my
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local area network.
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Here is my local area network.
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My brother is working fine and mostly there is no problem in this interface or this interface.
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Everything is OK but there may be a problem on the
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ISP network maybe I have our central rudder in here that I am collecting to traffic from the branch
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offices but HAARP object tracking does.
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I can ping here this interface of my HQ rather and if pink fails to the HQ rather
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I can change the traffic's pattern again and maybe I can use another ISP and another central rather
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and so that my traffic won't interrupt here's the object traffic configuration as well.
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I'm defending an IP solely and I'm trying to pin this IP address as you can see that I have a local
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area network switch and I rather went and a rather two and on the other side.
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I have a core rather which has an IP address of somewhat
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then I'm defining it for a frequency which means that I'm gonna ping here each 5 seconds then I'm defining
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the study of the finished time of the HSR.
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I'm sorry IP silly then I'm tracking this IP SLA
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at the end whenever there is a problem I'm going to Dickerman.
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The pride truly and the other rather will switch as a active
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HS IP pro as the following two types of authentication and their plaintext and they and the five.
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If you want to configure and the five you can use the standby group authentication and the five key
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string and the key string number and this strength the group number is arbitrary you can choose anything
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that you up if you want to configure it plaintext you can use them by for example 1 authentication and
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you can use the string that you want all rather is in a HSR pick group send help packets by default
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the helo timer is set to 3 seconds and that timer is set to 10 seconds.
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It means that a helo packet is sent between the HSR please stand by group devices every two seconds
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and the stand by the W becomes active in a helo packet has not been set for 10 seconds.
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If you want to modify the helo and hold on time you can use standby standby group number timers and
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helo time or hold time command.
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There are two versions of the H SRP and their version one and the version to version 1 is the default
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version of the protocol H is IP version 2 allows group numbers of up to 4000 and 9 is 6 thus allowing
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you to use villain number as the group number.
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Although as in an HSR IP group must have the same version configured otherwise dialup messages are not
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unders to.
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