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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 1 00:00:01,210 --> 00:00:04,140 This is the third and final part 2 2 00:00:04,140 --> 00:00:06,133 of Working With Strings. 3 3 00:00:07,580 --> 00:00:09,440 And let's start by learning about 4 4 00:00:09,440 --> 00:00:14,330 one of the most powerful string methods, which is split. 5 5 00:00:14,330 --> 00:00:16,780 So split allows us to split a string 6 6 00:00:16,780 --> 00:00:21,410 into multiple parts based on a divider string. 7 7 00:00:21,410 --> 00:00:23,630 So let's check that out. 8 8 00:00:23,630 --> 00:00:25,910 So any string works here, 9 9 00:00:25,910 --> 00:00:26,743 let's say 10 10 00:00:26,743 --> 00:00:31,453 A+very+nice+string. 11 11 00:00:33,570 --> 00:00:34,403 So let's say 12 12 00:00:34,403 --> 00:00:37,580 that for some reason we have a string like this 13 13 00:00:37,580 --> 00:00:42,080 and now on this string we can call the split method. 14 14 00:00:42,080 --> 00:00:45,520 Here we need to specify a divider string. 15 15 00:00:45,520 --> 00:00:47,680 So let's just use plus, 16 16 00:00:47,680 --> 00:00:50,710 and so what will happen now is that it will split up 17 17 00:00:50,710 --> 00:00:54,500 this string by this plus sign 18 18 00:00:54,500 --> 00:00:56,530 and it will then store the results 19 19 00:00:56,530 --> 00:00:59,190 into elements of a new array. 20 20 00:00:59,190 --> 00:01:00,940 So let's see that, 21 21 00:01:00,940 --> 00:01:05,930 and indeed we get an array which contains A, 22 22 00:01:05,930 --> 00:01:09,360 and very, and nice, and string. 23 23 00:01:09,360 --> 00:01:14,360 So essentially everything's split up by this divider string. 24 24 00:01:16,150 --> 00:01:18,160 So let's try the same 25 25 00:01:18,160 --> 00:01:19,833 with my name.split. 26 26 00:01:26,070 --> 00:01:28,780 And so the goal here is off having one array, 27 27 00:01:28,780 --> 00:01:32,120 which two elements, one for each name. 28 28 00:01:32,120 --> 00:01:34,910 And so I can split by the space. 29 29 00:01:34,910 --> 00:01:37,010 And this is a very common one 30 30 00:01:37,010 --> 00:01:39,590 and so indeed I get this result 31 31 00:01:39,590 --> 00:01:41,690 and this is really useful. 32 32 00:01:41,690 --> 00:01:42,523 Now indeed 33 33 00:01:42,523 --> 00:01:45,350 we can now actually use the power of destructuring 34 34 00:01:46,310 --> 00:01:49,163 to create variables directly like this. 35 35 00:01:50,860 --> 00:01:55,370 So I can say first name and last name 36 36 00:01:56,230 --> 00:02:01,230 will be the results of this split, okay? 37 37 00:02:01,810 --> 00:02:05,550 So this here we'll create an array with two elements. 38 38 00:02:05,550 --> 00:02:06,980 And then from that array, 39 39 00:02:06,980 --> 00:02:10,300 the first one is gonna be taken into first name 40 40 00:02:10,300 --> 00:02:14,023 and the second one and two last name, okay? 41 41 00:02:15,770 --> 00:02:18,930 Now we could have done the same thing with a slice method 42 42 00:02:18,930 --> 00:02:21,760 but that would have been a lot more complicated 43 43 00:02:21,760 --> 00:02:25,130 and for longer sentences or almost impossible 44 44 00:02:25,130 --> 00:02:28,300 and like this it's really straight forward. 45 45 00:02:28,300 --> 00:02:31,080 Okay, Now let's say that we want to make 46 46 00:02:31,080 --> 00:02:34,580 the last name uppercase here. 47 47 00:02:34,580 --> 00:02:38,140 And then we also want to add a Mister in the beginning. 48 48 00:02:38,140 --> 00:02:41,680 So we could just use a simple template literal 49 49 00:02:41,680 --> 00:02:44,010 and do what I just said 50 50 00:02:44,010 --> 00:02:46,290 but I wanna show you something else here. 51 51 00:02:46,290 --> 00:02:48,210 And that's the joint method 52 52 00:02:48,210 --> 00:02:51,133 which is essentially the opposite of split. 53 53 00:02:52,110 --> 00:02:54,100 So let's create an array, 54 54 00:02:54,100 --> 00:02:56,540 which contains all I just said. 55 55 00:02:56,540 --> 00:02:58,933 So we want to start with Mr. 56 56 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:01,120 Then the first name 57 57 00:03:02,475 --> 00:03:05,970 and so that's gonna be the second element of this array 58 58 00:03:05,970 --> 00:03:09,103 and then the last name in uppercase, okay? 59 59 00:03:12,150 --> 00:03:13,880 And now I want to join this 60 60 00:03:16,170 --> 00:03:19,740 and again we can specify a divider string 61 61 00:03:19,740 --> 00:03:23,840 and hopefully you can see by now where this is going. 62 62 00:03:23,840 --> 00:03:28,840 So let's store the result of this into new name, 63 63 00:03:31,960 --> 00:03:34,623 and then let's check it out in the console. 64 64 00:03:36,290 --> 00:03:38,960 So what do you think will be the result of this? 65 65 00:03:38,960 --> 00:03:40,393 So of the joint method. 66 66 00:03:42,380 --> 00:03:46,580 So indeed we now get one entire string here. 67 67 00:03:46,580 --> 00:03:51,580 So one string composed of the three parts of this array 68 68 00:03:51,640 --> 00:03:56,430 and joined together by this joining string here basically. 69 69 00:03:56,430 --> 00:03:59,570 And of course we could have used anything else 70 70 00:03:59,570 --> 00:04:01,853 so like this, or even like this. 71 71 00:04:02,940 --> 00:04:04,870 So anything works here, 72 72 00:04:04,870 --> 00:04:07,130 but what makes sense of course in this case 73 73 00:04:07,130 --> 00:04:09,320 is just the space. 74 74 00:04:09,320 --> 00:04:14,040 So this combination of split and join is really powerful 75 75 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:16,800 and we will actually use this all the time 76 76 00:04:18,180 --> 00:04:23,180 so split and join, okay? 77 77 00:04:23,550 --> 00:04:26,070 And in fact, we can use this for something 78 78 00:04:26,070 --> 00:04:29,480 that we already did in one of the previous lectures 79 79 00:04:29,480 --> 00:04:31,623 which is to capitalize a name. 80 80 00:04:32,780 --> 00:04:36,160 But now with this it makes it really easy 81 81 00:04:36,160 --> 00:04:40,683 to capitalize an entire name with multiple names in there. 82 82 00:04:42,400 --> 00:04:45,100 So let's say that this passenger is called 83 83 00:04:46,350 --> 00:04:51,350 Jessica Ann Smith Davis. 84 84 00:04:51,640 --> 00:04:55,670 So how will we capitalize this name here? 85 85 00:04:55,670 --> 00:04:58,090 And actually let's write a function. 86 86 00:04:58,090 --> 00:05:00,181 So that's a bit nicer. 87 87 00:05:00,181 --> 00:05:04,203 So const capitalize name, 88 88 00:05:05,270 --> 00:05:09,030 which is a function which receives a name 89 89 00:05:09,030 --> 00:05:11,030 and then it will do something with that. 90 90 00:05:12,090 --> 00:05:17,090 So let's capitalize name here with that string instead. 91 91 00:05:18,470 --> 00:05:21,403 And then we can also call it with some other name. 92 92 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:24,253 So my name for example, 93 93 00:05:25,260 --> 00:05:27,923 and you can use your own name here of course. 94 94 00:05:28,840 --> 00:05:33,600 So what's the strategy for capitalizing this entire name. 95 95 00:05:33,600 --> 00:05:37,020 And by the way what I mean here is to transform 96 96 00:05:37,020 --> 00:05:41,090 the first letter of each name into a capital letter. 97 97 00:05:41,090 --> 00:05:44,650 So here Jonas, and then this one here Schmedtmnan 98 98 00:05:44,650 --> 00:05:48,643 with this capital S okay? 99 99 00:05:49,670 --> 00:05:52,300 Well we have multiple words here, 100 100 00:05:52,300 --> 00:05:56,020 and so we will have to capitalize all of them one by one. 101 101 00:05:56,020 --> 00:05:57,180 And so to do that, 102 102 00:05:57,180 --> 00:06:00,660 it would be good to have them inside of an array 103 103 00:06:00,660 --> 00:06:02,830 that we can then loop over. 104 104 00:06:02,830 --> 00:06:06,133 And so now we can use the split method for that. 105 105 00:06:08,010 --> 00:06:13,010 So let's say names is equal to name, split by the space. 106 106 00:06:18,380 --> 00:06:22,940 And so this will be an array and now we can then loop 107 107 00:06:22,940 --> 00:06:26,660 over that array using the four off loop. 108 108 00:06:26,660 --> 00:06:30,040 So const, let's just call this one word 109 109 00:06:31,420 --> 00:06:36,420 of names or let's call it N which stands for name, 110 110 00:06:37,170 --> 00:06:39,060 but I cannot reuse name 111 111 00:06:39,060 --> 00:06:41,650 because that would then override this 112 112 00:06:41,650 --> 00:06:46,540 input here and that's a bad practice, okay? 113 113 00:06:46,540 --> 00:06:51,190 And so now here we will then capitalize this name. 114 114 00:06:51,190 --> 00:06:52,980 So this individual name. 115 115 00:06:52,980 --> 00:06:55,570 So remember how we did that in the last lecture 116 116 00:06:56,570 --> 00:07:00,370 we took the first letter converted that to uppercase 117 117 00:07:02,300 --> 00:07:06,650 and then joined it with basically the rest of the word. 118 118 00:07:06,650 --> 00:07:09,830 So that's N.slice 119 119 00:07:11,140 --> 00:07:13,790 starting from position number one. 120 120 00:07:13,790 --> 00:07:16,270 So everything except the first letter 121 121 00:07:16,270 --> 00:07:19,330 which is letter number zero, okay? 122 122 00:07:19,330 --> 00:07:21,950 And now what should we do with this? 123 123 00:07:21,950 --> 00:07:26,200 Well, I think we should push this into a new array 124 124 00:07:26,200 --> 00:07:28,960 so that in the end we end up with an array 125 125 00:07:28,960 --> 00:07:30,540 with all the names capitalized 126 126 00:07:30,540 --> 00:07:32,963 and then we can join that array together. 127 127 00:07:34,410 --> 00:07:38,240 So let's say const names upper 128 128 00:07:40,750 --> 00:07:43,380 and start it as an empty array. 129 129 00:07:43,380 --> 00:07:44,740 And then in each iteration 130 130 00:07:44,740 --> 00:07:48,153 we will simply push into this array. 131 131 00:07:50,930 --> 00:07:54,930 So sounds good to you, okay? 132 132 00:07:54,930 --> 00:07:56,150 And now in the end, 133 133 00:07:56,150 --> 00:08:00,593 let's then log to the console names, upper. 134 134 00:08:01,530 --> 00:08:04,950 And so now we need to join that array back together 135 135 00:08:04,950 --> 00:08:08,893 using a space as the separator, okay? 136 136 00:08:10,520 --> 00:08:13,660 So here we practice a lot of different methods 137 137 00:08:13,660 --> 00:08:15,660 all in one function. 138 138 00:08:15,660 --> 00:08:18,750 So this is a really great use case. 139 139 00:08:18,750 --> 00:08:23,240 So let's now give it a try and indeed it worked. 140 140 00:08:23,240 --> 00:08:25,210 So great right? 141 141 00:08:25,210 --> 00:08:28,920 No matter how long a name we feed into the function 142 142 00:08:28,920 --> 00:08:31,403 it will always give us the correct output. 143 143 00:08:32,370 --> 00:08:34,940 Now here's a small challenge for you 144 144 00:08:34,940 --> 00:08:38,800 because there is another way of doing this. 145 145 00:08:38,800 --> 00:08:43,430 So basically of doing the capitalization of one name. 146 146 00:08:43,430 --> 00:08:45,340 So given what we already learned 147 147 00:08:45,340 --> 00:08:47,230 and especially in the last lecture 148 148 00:08:47,230 --> 00:08:50,370 can you think of a different way of doing this? 149 149 00:08:50,370 --> 00:08:52,780 And if you can't, it's not a problem at all 150 150 00:08:52,780 --> 00:08:55,840 but maybe you can pause the video here for a minute or two 151 151 00:08:55,840 --> 00:08:57,970 and think about this. 152 152 00:08:57,970 --> 00:09:00,870 So let me just show it to you quickly, 153 153 00:09:00,870 --> 00:09:03,450 because I think this is really interesting 154 154 00:09:03,450 --> 00:09:06,993 that we have different ways of achieving the same thing. 155 155 00:09:08,440 --> 00:09:12,350 And so this time what will we push into the array here 156 156 00:09:12,350 --> 00:09:17,350 is simply N and then in there we replace the first letter 157 157 00:09:18,540 --> 00:09:21,020 with the first letter in uppercase. 158 158 00:09:21,020 --> 00:09:22,203 So let me write that. 159 159 00:09:23,120 --> 00:09:25,750 So that's N at position zero 160 160 00:09:26,870 --> 00:09:31,870 and replaced with N at position zero to upper case 161 161 00:09:34,400 --> 00:09:38,223 let's give it a try and we get the same result, all right? 162 162 00:09:39,110 --> 00:09:42,380 So again, we are here simply taking the word 163 163 00:09:42,380 --> 00:09:44,803 and then we replaced the first character. 164 164 00:09:45,720 --> 00:09:47,740 So that's N at position zero 165 165 00:09:47,740 --> 00:09:50,593 with the first character to uppercase. 166 166 00:09:51,970 --> 00:09:54,230 So that's a completely different approach 167 167 00:09:54,230 --> 00:09:55,710 than this one here, 168 168 00:09:55,710 --> 00:09:57,343 but it gives us the same result. 169 169 00:09:59,910 --> 00:10:04,420 Now next up, let's talk about padding a string. 170 170 00:10:04,420 --> 00:10:06,110 Now padding a string means 171 171 00:10:06,110 --> 00:10:09,410 to add a number of characters to the string 172 172 00:10:09,410 --> 00:10:12,703 until the string has a certain desired length. 173 173 00:10:13,850 --> 00:10:16,000 So padding 174 174 00:10:18,230 --> 00:10:20,470 and let's just create a message here 175 175 00:10:21,910 --> 00:10:24,743 go to gate 23. 176 176 00:10:25,860 --> 00:10:29,690 So now let's take a look at padding here. 177 177 00:10:29,690 --> 00:10:32,380 So I will take message, 178 178 00:10:32,380 --> 00:10:34,200 and then I can say padstart 179 179 00:10:35,695 --> 00:10:38,030 and so this will then add some characters 180 180 00:10:38,030 --> 00:10:40,260 to the beginning of the string. 181 181 00:10:40,260 --> 00:10:42,420 And the first argument here is the 182 182 00:10:42,420 --> 00:10:45,010 length that we want for the string. 183 183 00:10:45,010 --> 00:10:48,550 Let's say we want it to be 25 characters long, 184 184 00:10:48,550 --> 00:10:49,863 so after the padding. 185 185 00:10:50,950 --> 00:10:52,520 And then the character that 186 186 00:10:52,520 --> 00:10:54,733 we want to pad the string with. 187 187 00:10:55,630 --> 00:10:57,580 So let's use plus 188 188 00:10:57,580 --> 00:11:02,370 and let's take a look, okay? 189 189 00:11:02,370 --> 00:11:04,070 And so you'll see that at edit 190 190 00:11:04,070 --> 00:11:05,263 all of these here. 191 191 00:11:06,530 --> 00:11:07,810 And so now the length 192 192 00:11:07,810 --> 00:11:09,930 of this entire string here 193 193 00:11:09,930 --> 00:11:12,693 should be 25, okay? 194 194 00:11:13,750 --> 00:11:15,510 So let me show that to you 195 195 00:11:15,510 --> 00:11:16,913 with another string here. 196 196 00:11:17,750 --> 00:11:19,170 So if I said Jonas, 197 197 00:11:19,170 --> 00:11:20,203 and then the same, 198 198 00:11:21,890 --> 00:11:24,490 you would see that it would add a lot more 199 199 00:11:24,490 --> 00:11:26,120 of the plus signs 200 200 00:11:26,120 --> 00:11:28,383 because the initial string is shorter. 201 201 00:11:29,820 --> 00:11:31,530 So you see you, 202 202 00:11:31,530 --> 00:11:33,550 we have a lot more pluses now 203 203 00:11:33,550 --> 00:11:34,720 but in the end 204 204 00:11:34,720 --> 00:11:37,000 the string is also a 25 205 205 00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:38,430 or actually 23 206 206 00:11:38,430 --> 00:11:39,893 so mistake here. 207 207 00:11:41,460 --> 00:11:44,220 So now the string is also 25 long. 208 208 00:11:44,220 --> 00:11:45,460 And so we see here at this 209 209 00:11:45,460 --> 00:11:47,490 has exactly the same length 210 210 00:11:47,490 --> 00:11:51,250 as this one here in the console, alright? 211 211 00:11:51,250 --> 00:11:54,050 Then there's also pad ENT. 212 212 00:11:54,050 --> 00:11:56,420 And so we can now take the result of this, 213 213 00:11:56,420 --> 00:11:59,903 and immediately also pad the end of the string. 214 214 00:12:01,100 --> 00:12:04,600 So pad end 215 215 00:12:04,600 --> 00:12:06,000 and now let's make it longer 216 216 00:12:07,900 --> 00:12:10,600 and then again the plus sign. 217 217 00:12:10,600 --> 00:12:12,460 So this will basically then add 218 218 00:12:12,460 --> 00:12:15,120 10 pluses to the end of the string 219 219 00:12:15,120 --> 00:12:17,880 because the result of this string here 220 220 00:12:17,880 --> 00:12:21,420 is already 25 characters long, right? 221 221 00:12:21,420 --> 00:12:22,810 And so onto this one 222 222 00:12:22,810 --> 00:12:24,890 we then pet it all the way 223 223 00:12:24,890 --> 00:12:29,010 until the length of 35 with some more pluses, 224 224 00:12:29,010 --> 00:12:32,410 and so we're gonna add 10 of them. 225 225 00:12:32,410 --> 00:12:33,600 Let's just do a 30, 226 226 00:12:33,600 --> 00:12:35,063 so we can easily see that, 227 227 00:12:35,920 --> 00:12:40,171 and so indeed it now added five of them here. 228 228 00:12:40,171 --> 00:12:42,490 And just for the sake of completion 229 229 00:12:43,330 --> 00:12:45,800 let's do the same here with my name 230 230 00:12:47,180 --> 00:12:49,640 and this here just to 20 231 231 00:12:49,640 --> 00:12:51,853 to make it a bit more even, 232 232 00:12:53,630 --> 00:12:54,910 alright? 233 233 00:12:54,910 --> 00:12:57,260 But now let's actually use a more 234 234 00:12:57,260 --> 00:13:00,060 real world example of padding here. 235 235 00:13:00,060 --> 00:13:03,450 So when you see a credit card number on the internet, 236 236 00:13:03,450 --> 00:13:06,760 you never see the entire number, right? 237 237 00:13:06,760 --> 00:13:09,520 So usually we see the last four digits 238 238 00:13:09,520 --> 00:13:12,720 and the rest is masked with some symbol. 239 239 00:13:12,720 --> 00:13:15,840 So let's implement a function that 240 240 00:13:15,840 --> 00:13:17,713 actually does that masking. 241 241 00:13:18,910 --> 00:13:20,893 So this is gonna be really interesting. 242 242 00:13:22,130 --> 00:13:25,480 This is a great application of string methods. 243 243 00:13:25,480 --> 00:13:29,130 So mask credit cards function. 244 244 00:13:29,130 --> 00:13:32,750 And so we're gonna receive a number, okay? 245 245 00:13:32,750 --> 00:13:34,900 So an actual number 246 246 00:13:34,900 --> 00:13:37,683 and let's start by converting this number to a string. 247 247 00:13:39,500 --> 00:13:40,633 So string, 248 248 00:13:41,980 --> 00:13:45,090 now we learned how to convert a number to a string 249 249 00:13:45,090 --> 00:13:47,840 in the fundamental section, right? 250 250 00:13:47,840 --> 00:13:52,360 So that was like this, remember? 251 251 00:13:52,360 --> 00:13:54,320 However, there is a nice trick 252 252 00:13:54,320 --> 00:13:57,220 that actually makes this easier for us. 253 253 00:13:57,220 --> 00:13:59,000 So we can just take the number 254 254 00:13:59,900 --> 00:14:02,823 and then we add an empty string. 255 255 00:14:03,960 --> 00:14:05,300 And so the result of this 256 256 00:14:05,300 --> 00:14:06,960 will be the number 257 257 00:14:06,960 --> 00:14:07,793 but as a string. 258 258 00:14:07,793 --> 00:14:09,570 And this works 259 259 00:14:09,570 --> 00:14:11,950 because as you hopefully remember 260 260 00:14:11,950 --> 00:14:15,740 when one of the operands of the plus sign is a string 261 261 00:14:15,740 --> 00:14:19,230 it will convert all the operands to a string. 262 262 00:14:19,230 --> 00:14:22,530 And so then this number will become a string 263 263 00:14:22,530 --> 00:14:24,400 plus the empty string 264 264 00:14:24,400 --> 00:14:27,950 and so then it's gonna stay exactly the same, okay. 265 265 00:14:27,950 --> 00:14:32,230 So in order to know what we should do here 266 266 00:14:32,230 --> 00:14:33,860 let's one more time 267 267 00:14:33,860 --> 00:14:35,490 first call the function 268 268 00:14:35,490 --> 00:14:37,750 before we actually write it 269 269 00:14:37,750 --> 00:14:40,223 so that we know what kind of input we get. 270 270 00:14:41,060 --> 00:14:44,370 So mask credit card 271 271 00:14:44,370 --> 00:14:48,880 and let's say, now the number is this one 272 272 00:14:48,880 --> 00:14:51,030 and I'm just putting something random here. 273 273 00:14:53,459 --> 00:14:56,660 But of course it will also work with strings 274 274 00:14:59,820 --> 00:15:03,230 and no matter how long it is, alright? 275 275 00:15:03,230 --> 00:15:04,750 So as I was saying, 276 276 00:15:04,750 --> 00:15:06,280 usually on the internet 277 277 00:15:06,280 --> 00:15:09,350 we can only see these last four digits 278 278 00:15:09,350 --> 00:15:12,180 and the rest is masked by some symbol. 279 279 00:15:12,180 --> 00:15:13,750 So what we need to do here 280 280 00:15:13,750 --> 00:15:17,230 is basically to take out these four numbers 281 281 00:15:17,230 --> 00:15:18,705 and then use padstart 282 282 00:15:18,705 --> 00:15:21,810 to create a string with the same length 283 283 00:15:21,810 --> 00:15:23,770 as this initial number here 284 284 00:15:23,770 --> 00:15:26,720 but with some kind of symbol there. 285 285 00:15:26,720 --> 00:15:30,470 So let me just write that in code, 286 286 00:15:30,470 --> 00:15:32,473 and then I hope it will become clear. 287 287 00:15:34,200 --> 00:15:38,853 So we're gonna take the last four characters of the string. 288 288 00:15:40,020 --> 00:15:42,200 And so, we use slice 289 289 00:15:42,200 --> 00:15:45,513 with a negative parameter again of minus four. 290 290 00:15:47,610 --> 00:15:50,570 And now here is what we're gonna return, 291 291 00:15:50,570 --> 00:15:53,140 we will return a last. 292 292 00:15:53,140 --> 00:15:56,473 So that is just these four characters. 293 293 00:15:58,820 --> 00:16:02,162 And then we will Pad it at the start 294 294 00:16:02,162 --> 00:16:06,520 all the way until the original length of the string. 295 295 00:16:06,520 --> 00:16:08,740 So string.length 296 296 00:16:09,950 --> 00:16:14,950 and the character we're gonna use will be this star, okay? 297 297 00:16:15,530 --> 00:16:18,090 And so since we returned something 298 298 00:16:18,090 --> 00:16:20,720 to make this function a bit more real 299 299 00:16:20,720 --> 00:16:23,830 now we need to lock the result to the console 300 300 00:16:29,530 --> 00:16:31,670 and to start let's actually make 301 301 00:16:31,670 --> 00:16:33,390 a slightly simpler version 302 302 00:16:33,390 --> 00:16:35,630 so that we see that it actually worked. 303 303 00:16:35,630 --> 00:16:37,070 So a shorter number here 304 304 00:16:37,070 --> 00:16:39,040 with just eight digits. 305 305 00:16:39,040 --> 00:16:42,230 And so the end should be 7836 306 306 00:16:42,230 --> 00:16:44,970 and then beginning with four stars. 307 307 00:16:44,970 --> 00:16:45,803 So let's see, 308 308 00:16:47,050 --> 00:16:49,453 and yeah, that worked great, 309 309 00:16:51,060 --> 00:16:52,180 right? 310 310 00:16:52,180 --> 00:16:54,640 So again, we took the last four here 311 311 00:16:54,640 --> 00:16:56,890 and then we padded the rest of the string 312 312 00:16:56,890 --> 00:17:00,150 until it matched the original length of the string 313 313 00:17:00,150 --> 00:17:04,530 which was eight and therefore four stars were added. 314 314 00:17:04,530 --> 00:17:07,530 And the same here and to same here. 315 315 00:17:07,530 --> 00:17:08,470 Awesome. 316 316 00:17:08,470 --> 00:17:11,990 That's really fantastic application 317 317 00:17:11,990 --> 00:17:14,800 of this method, I think. 318 318 00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:17,720 And now to finish the last simple method that I want to 319 319 00:17:17,720 --> 00:17:20,690 show you is the repeat method. 320 320 00:17:20,690 --> 00:17:21,960 So repeat 321 321 00:17:25,310 --> 00:17:26,600 and as the name says, 322 322 00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:28,827 this one simply allows us to repeat 323 323 00:17:28,827 --> 00:17:31,740 the same string multiple times. 324 324 00:17:31,740 --> 00:17:36,150 So let's say there is some bad weather at Wen airport. 325 325 00:17:36,150 --> 00:17:37,120 So when that happens 326 326 00:17:37,120 --> 00:17:41,260 they usually have those long messages on the screen, 327 327 00:17:41,260 --> 00:17:43,820 like with the texts repeating 328 328 00:17:43,820 --> 00:17:47,540 which then keeps running and repeating all the time. 329 329 00:17:47,540 --> 00:17:49,410 So let's call this one message. 330 330 00:17:49,410 --> 00:17:50,520 So let's call it message two 331 331 00:17:50,520 --> 00:17:52,363 we already have a message up there. 332 332 00:17:53,270 --> 00:17:56,170 So let's say bad weather 333 333 00:17:57,850 --> 00:18:00,420 all departures 334 334 00:18:02,980 --> 00:18:06,230 delayed, okay? 335 335 00:18:06,230 --> 00:18:08,450 And now we want to 336 336 00:18:08,450 --> 00:18:10,610 basically create a bigger string 337 337 00:18:10,610 --> 00:18:13,660 repeating this one here multiple times. 338 338 00:18:13,660 --> 00:18:16,010 So that's easy enough. 339 339 00:18:16,010 --> 00:18:17,960 We just take this string 340 340 00:18:19,670 --> 00:18:20,623 call repeat, 341 341 00:18:21,500 --> 00:18:23,570 so repeat 342 342 00:18:23,570 --> 00:18:26,360 and then the number of times we want to repeat it, 343 343 00:18:26,360 --> 00:18:28,010 let's say five 344 344 00:18:28,010 --> 00:18:29,940 and there it is. 345 345 00:18:29,940 --> 00:18:32,460 So this is all the same long string 346 346 00:18:32,460 --> 00:18:35,473 and we should just add one space here at the end. 347 347 00:18:37,206 --> 00:18:38,600 And so you'll see 348 348 00:18:38,600 --> 00:18:40,530 now you can see it even better. 349 349 00:18:40,530 --> 00:18:42,630 That it's all just one big string 350 350 00:18:42,630 --> 00:18:46,640 with the same message repeating over and over again. 351 351 00:18:46,640 --> 00:18:48,950 Or we can also simulate 352 352 00:18:48,950 --> 00:18:51,330 that due to the bad weather 353 353 00:18:51,330 --> 00:18:56,330 there are now many planes waiting in line for takeoff. 354 354 00:18:56,360 --> 00:18:59,750 So let's create a fun function for that. 355 355 00:18:59,750 --> 00:19:02,290 So planes in line 356 356 00:19:04,750 --> 00:19:06,393 and here the number of planes. 357 357 00:19:09,220 --> 00:19:11,270 So console.log 358 358 00:19:11,270 --> 00:19:16,270 there are N planes in line. 359 359 00:19:18,950 --> 00:19:21,940 And then here we can kind of show that 360 360 00:19:21,940 --> 00:19:25,203 graphically using an emoji like this, 361 361 00:19:26,420 --> 00:19:28,520 let's say plain, 362 362 00:19:28,520 --> 00:19:30,440 I'm gonna use this one. 363 363 00:19:30,440 --> 00:19:34,610 And so this here in fact counts as a string. 364 364 00:19:34,610 --> 00:19:36,640 So let's create a string with that 365 365 00:19:36,640 --> 00:19:37,743 and then repeat it. 366 366 00:19:39,230 --> 00:19:41,590 And we will repeat it as many times 367 367 00:19:41,590 --> 00:19:43,573 as there are planes waiting. 368 368 00:19:45,960 --> 00:19:47,570 So planes in line 369 369 00:19:48,600 --> 00:19:50,123 here we have five waiting, 370 370 00:19:51,010 --> 00:19:53,480 then let's call it on in other airport 371 371 00:19:53,480 --> 00:19:56,170 where there are just three planes waiting 372 372 00:19:57,353 --> 00:19:58,373 and then 12. 373 373 00:20:00,360 --> 00:20:04,950 So indeed, now we have five planes here, three 374 374 00:20:04,950 --> 00:20:07,793 and here, 12 planes, alright? 375 375 00:20:09,550 --> 00:20:11,620 Okay, cool. 376 376 00:20:11,620 --> 00:20:13,090 Now we didn't talk about 377 377 00:20:13,090 --> 00:20:15,940 all of these string methods that exist 378 378 00:20:15,940 --> 00:20:17,940 but if you want to check them out, 379 379 00:20:17,940 --> 00:20:19,773 you can do so on MDN. 380 380 00:20:21,720 --> 00:20:24,380 And what I like to do is to simply search 381 381 00:20:24,380 --> 00:20:26,530 for one of the methods, 382 382 00:20:26,530 --> 00:20:28,940 let's say, string replace 383 383 00:20:30,500 --> 00:20:34,600 and then that will take me to that page of replace 384 384 00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:36,233 because then on the left side, 385 385 00:20:37,100 --> 00:20:39,863 at least when the window is a bit bigger. 386 386 00:20:41,390 --> 00:20:43,350 So then here we can see all 387 387 00:20:43,350 --> 00:20:47,330 of the different string methods that we can use. 388 388 00:20:47,330 --> 00:20:52,330 So we used split, slice, repeat, padstart, pad end. 389 389 00:20:53,410 --> 00:20:56,080 But as you can see there are even more here 390 390 00:20:57,010 --> 00:21:01,173 but actually we talked about all of the most important ones. 391 391 00:21:02,250 --> 00:21:04,830 Maybe one that you can check out is 392 392 00:21:06,190 --> 00:21:07,023 let's see 393 393 00:21:08,910 --> 00:21:10,780 concat maybe 394 394 00:21:10,780 --> 00:21:14,483 or there should one be called reverse. 395 395 00:21:17,270 --> 00:21:19,153 Well, actually it is not here, 396 396 00:21:20,460 --> 00:21:22,620 but anyway, as you see we talked about 397 397 00:21:22,620 --> 00:21:26,060 most of the most important string methods here. 398 398 00:21:26,060 --> 00:21:28,220 And so I hope you had fun with this. 399 399 00:21:28,220 --> 00:21:30,440 And I see you in the next video 400 400 00:21:30,440 --> 00:21:32,830 where we then have a challenge 401 401 00:21:32,830 --> 00:21:34,650 where you can then use all of 402 402 00:21:34,650 --> 00:21:36,610 this knowledge that you just gained here 403 403 00:21:36,610 --> 00:21:38,543 over the past three videos. 33314