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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:12,720 --> 00:00:15,880 It's August of 1983, and Reno, Nevada, 2 00:00:15,960 --> 00:00:18,400 is hosting its sixth annual gay rodeo. 3 00:00:19,840 --> 00:00:23,400 But this year, the public backlash has been especially harsh. 4 00:00:24,080 --> 00:00:26,760 Out here in the West in the United States, we believe in rodeos, 5 00:00:26,840 --> 00:00:29,280 and we think homosexuals are giving rodeos a bad name. 6 00:00:29,720 --> 00:00:31,960 That's not American. That's not rodeo. 7 00:00:32,040 --> 00:00:34,800 They are forcing themselves upon us and giving Reno a bad name. 8 00:00:35,240 --> 00:00:38,080 Their prejudice is fueled by terror. 9 00:00:38,160 --> 00:00:41,120 A new disease is hitting the gay community hard. 10 00:00:41,200 --> 00:00:43,040 It's called AIDS. 11 00:00:44,280 --> 00:00:47,240 Locals have gathered around 8,000 signatures 12 00:00:47,320 --> 00:00:48,600 protesting the rodeo, 13 00:00:49,040 --> 00:00:51,680 identifying those with AIDS as a threat. 14 00:00:52,160 --> 00:00:53,760 I don't plan on dying from this, 15 00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:57,680 and if he would take the hate he's trying to generate and turn it into love, 16 00:00:58,640 --> 00:01:00,680 we might find a cure for this disease. 17 00:01:04,600 --> 00:01:07,440 There are nearly 40 million people worldwide 18 00:01:07,520 --> 00:01:09,040 infected with HIV, 19 00:01:09,120 --> 00:01:10,960 about the population of Canada. 20 00:01:12,880 --> 00:01:15,240 It's hit every continent on the planet. 21 00:01:15,920 --> 00:01:17,920 Africa has suffered the most, 22 00:01:18,000 --> 00:01:22,160 with nearly one in every 25 adults living with HIV. 23 00:01:23,640 --> 00:01:26,320 Around 25% of those with HIV 24 00:01:26,400 --> 00:01:28,160 don't actually know they have it. 25 00:01:28,440 --> 00:01:30,760 That's over 9 million people. 26 00:01:31,440 --> 00:01:36,120 So far, there's been over 35 million AIDS-related deaths... 27 00:01:38,480 --> 00:01:42,960 almost the same number of people who are currently infected with HIV. 28 00:01:50,120 --> 00:01:54,000 AIDS is a truly devastating modern epidemic. 29 00:01:54,240 --> 00:01:58,200 But after four decades of activism and scientific research, 30 00:01:58,280 --> 00:02:02,600 how far have we come in finding a cure and battling the stigma? 31 00:02:02,680 --> 00:02:04,920 It makes me f****** crazy. 32 00:02:20,240 --> 00:02:22,160 It's Spring of 1981, 33 00:02:22,600 --> 00:02:25,000 and a mystery illness is exploding 34 00:02:25,080 --> 00:02:29,400 across the gay communities of New York, LA, and San Francisco. 35 00:02:31,120 --> 00:02:33,920 Men are inexplicably coming down with cancer 36 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:35,880 and other mysterious illnesses, 37 00:02:36,720 --> 00:02:38,800 and many are dying within weeks. 38 00:02:39,120 --> 00:02:42,080 Health workers say many patients have never heard of the illness. 39 00:02:42,640 --> 00:02:45,520 People find out some of these things through the national press, 40 00:02:45,600 --> 00:02:48,240 and the national press hasn't give this particular... 41 00:02:48,680 --> 00:02:51,040 syndrome a lot of... a lot of play. 42 00:02:51,120 --> 00:02:54,080 As more cases are confirmed across the Atlantic, 43 00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:57,880 in Spain and the UK, it becomes known as the "gay plague." 44 00:02:58,880 --> 00:03:01,000 But nobody understands exactly what it is 45 00:03:01,480 --> 00:03:03,720 or why it's spreading so fast. 46 00:03:04,400 --> 00:03:06,800 Misinformation is rampant. 47 00:03:07,040 --> 00:03:11,280 Of course, the main question is why only gays get the disease. 48 00:03:11,360 --> 00:03:16,000 Almost everyone who gets the illness uses this liquid. 49 00:03:16,160 --> 00:03:19,400 It contains a vapor which, when inhaled, acts on the heart. 50 00:03:19,720 --> 00:03:22,880 In the gay community, it's used as an aphrodisiac. 51 00:03:23,720 --> 00:03:25,880 But soon it becomes clear. 52 00:03:25,960 --> 00:03:28,840 This disease isn't just targeting homosexuals. 53 00:03:33,080 --> 00:03:35,720 Hemophiliacs and injection drug users 54 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:38,320 start coming down with the same symptoms. 55 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:41,000 And their families, too. 56 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:43,400 Patrick is a hemophiliac. 57 00:03:43,480 --> 00:03:47,440 He contracted the deadly disease from one of his regular blood transfusions. 58 00:03:47,600 --> 00:03:50,160 He unwittingly passed the virus on to Lauren, 59 00:03:50,240 --> 00:03:53,000 who, in turn, passed it on to their unborn baby, Dwight, 60 00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:55,640 who's now desperately ill in hospital. 61 00:03:56,960 --> 00:04:00,920 She knows that her mommy and daddy and brother are very sick. 62 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:05,160 But what sick and dying means to a child... 63 00:04:06,160 --> 00:04:08,960 Mother ain't gonna die soon... 64 00:04:09,560 --> 00:04:11,680 'cause you ain't very old yet. 65 00:04:14,480 --> 00:04:16,400 It's only in 1982 66 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:19,120 that this mysterious plague earns a name: 67 00:04:19,240 --> 00:04:21,720 acquired immune deficiency syndrome. 68 00:04:23,840 --> 00:04:26,480 The disease is abbreviated A.I.D.S. 69 00:04:26,560 --> 00:04:28,120 and is referred to as "AIDS." 70 00:04:28,200 --> 00:04:31,880 You've probably never heard of it, but experts say that illness is causing 71 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:34,560 the biggest epidemic in this country since smallpox. 72 00:04:37,200 --> 00:04:40,000 But the general response from the US federal government 73 00:04:40,080 --> 00:04:41,440 is crickets. 74 00:04:42,440 --> 00:04:45,360 And when the subject is raised at a White House press conference, 75 00:04:46,120 --> 00:04:47,760 it's treated as a joke. 76 00:04:48,320 --> 00:04:49,720 It's a pretty serious thing 77 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:52,240 that one in every three people that get this have died. 78 00:04:52,320 --> 00:04:54,760 And I wonder if the president is aware of this. 79 00:04:54,840 --> 00:04:56,800 I don't have it. Are you... 80 00:04:56,880 --> 00:04:58,240 - Do you? - You don't have it? 81 00:04:58,320 --> 00:05:00,600 Well, I'm relieved to hear that, Larry. 82 00:05:00,680 --> 00:05:02,200 Does the president-- In other words, 83 00:05:02,280 --> 00:05:04,080 the White House looks on this as a great joke? 84 00:05:04,160 --> 00:05:06,680 No, I don't know anything about it, Lester. 85 00:05:07,760 --> 00:05:10,240 But while the White House ignores the issue, 86 00:05:10,320 --> 00:05:13,200 the global numbers of AIDS victims are growing. 87 00:05:16,120 --> 00:05:18,640 Making matters worse, the federal agencies 88 00:05:18,720 --> 00:05:20,840 best equipped to confront the emergency 89 00:05:21,080 --> 00:05:24,400 have recently had their budgets slashed by the administration. 90 00:05:27,040 --> 00:05:32,120 It isn't until 1983 that scientists uncover the culprit behind AIDS. 91 00:05:33,800 --> 00:05:38,200 It's a virus, and they eventually call it HIV. 92 00:05:39,920 --> 00:05:42,600 The human immunodeficiency virus. 93 00:05:43,440 --> 00:05:45,440 Anyone can be infected. 94 00:05:46,360 --> 00:05:50,480 But still, most of the victims are men in their 20s. 95 00:05:50,560 --> 00:05:51,920 Tilt your head back. 96 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:55,120 David is 22 years old. All the doctors can do for him 97 00:05:55,200 --> 00:05:58,040 is treat his symptoms, like sore throat and diarrhea, 98 00:05:58,120 --> 00:06:00,760 and cheer him up as he slowly gets worse. 99 00:06:00,920 --> 00:06:04,400 For me, I've pretty much accepted the fact that I'm gonna die. 100 00:06:09,080 --> 00:06:11,760 So what makes this virus so deadly? 101 00:06:12,160 --> 00:06:16,400 After decades of research, we now know a lot more than we did then. 102 00:06:17,520 --> 00:06:21,040 White blood cells play a vital role in the body's immune system 103 00:06:21,120 --> 00:06:23,600 by recognizing and fighting infection. 104 00:06:24,360 --> 00:06:28,080 The HIV virus might look like a pretty piece of sea coral, 105 00:06:28,160 --> 00:06:30,440 but HIV is deadly. 106 00:06:31,160 --> 00:06:35,040 The outer coat of the virus locks onto a particular type of white blood cell. 107 00:06:36,440 --> 00:06:39,000 Over time, these cells are killed off, 108 00:06:39,320 --> 00:06:43,760 and the body's ability to recognize and fight infection begins to decline. 109 00:06:44,160 --> 00:06:47,320 When the cells are depleted, the result is AIDS, 110 00:06:47,680 --> 00:06:52,000 and the body becomes lethally vulnerable to diseases like pneumonia and cancer. 111 00:06:57,320 --> 00:07:01,480 By 1983, AIDS is spreading rapidly across the globe, 112 00:07:01,600 --> 00:07:03,560 and nations are terrified. 113 00:07:04,280 --> 00:07:08,560 Because still, most people aren't sure how it's being transmitted. 114 00:07:08,840 --> 00:07:12,240 Like some prison officers demanding protective clothing, 115 00:07:12,400 --> 00:07:16,720 some policemen wearing masks and gloves when dealing with homosexuals. 116 00:07:16,800 --> 00:07:18,840 Discrimination and homophobia 117 00:07:18,920 --> 00:07:20,800 start erupting everywhere. 118 00:07:20,880 --> 00:07:24,960 We've had health care personnel refusing to, uh... to care. 119 00:07:25,040 --> 00:07:29,120 We've had, uh, morticians refusing to... to bury our people. 120 00:07:29,200 --> 00:07:34,560 I mean, we've run the gamut of dealing with a panicked response. 121 00:07:36,400 --> 00:07:39,240 Ignorance about HIV remains rampant. 122 00:07:39,880 --> 00:07:43,960 In December 1985, a report in The Los Angeles Times 123 00:07:44,040 --> 00:07:48,120 states that half of respondents support a quarantine of AIDS patients. 124 00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:54,280 Forty-eight percent would approve of making those who test positive for HIV 125 00:07:54,360 --> 00:07:56,120 carry identity cards. 126 00:07:56,720 --> 00:08:00,640 And 15% actually favor tattooing AIDS victims. 127 00:08:04,720 --> 00:08:08,680 Recently, a sufferer of the syndrome fell ill on a flight to Washington. 128 00:08:08,760 --> 00:08:10,400 The airline offloaded him 129 00:08:10,480 --> 00:08:13,360 and told him that his name was being placed in their computer, 130 00:08:13,440 --> 00:08:16,600 ensuring that they would never sell him a ticket again. 131 00:08:16,680 --> 00:08:19,640 The following day, he re-embarked on one of their planes, 132 00:08:19,840 --> 00:08:22,480 this time traveling under an assumed name, 133 00:08:22,560 --> 00:08:24,800 wearing sunglasses and a false mustache. 134 00:08:27,760 --> 00:08:31,800 But then, children start feeling the weight of the prejudice, 135 00:08:31,880 --> 00:08:33,760 including three-year-old Eve, 136 00:08:33,840 --> 00:08:37,120 who's contracted AIDS through an infected blood transfusion. 137 00:08:37,760 --> 00:08:39,920 The parents at her school in rural Australia 138 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:41,880 are terrified their kids are at risk. 139 00:08:42,240 --> 00:08:44,760 I don't want her to take any chance of catching it. 140 00:08:44,840 --> 00:08:48,680 - Do you think there's any chance? - Well, I think there is if she's got AIDS. 141 00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:51,680 The truth is, 142 00:08:52,280 --> 00:08:55,560 the US Center for Disease Control has already confirmed 143 00:08:55,800 --> 00:08:58,320 AIDS cannot be spread by casual contact. 144 00:08:59,240 --> 00:09:02,320 It can only be transmitted through blood, sexual intercourse, 145 00:09:02,400 --> 00:09:04,320 pregnancy, and breast milk. 146 00:09:04,800 --> 00:09:07,000 But word has been slow getting out. 147 00:09:09,240 --> 00:09:11,200 By 1984, in Africa, 148 00:09:11,640 --> 00:09:15,520 an estimated 970,000 people are infected. 149 00:09:16,640 --> 00:09:18,960 It's clearly a global epidemic. 150 00:09:19,360 --> 00:09:21,240 The question is, where did it start? 151 00:09:27,240 --> 00:09:29,280 Researchers come up with a theory. 152 00:09:33,040 --> 00:09:35,600 HIV originates in chimps. 153 00:09:37,240 --> 00:09:40,880 Around 1920, in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 154 00:09:41,120 --> 00:09:45,360 an infected chimp is either eaten or has its blood mixed with a human's, 155 00:09:45,440 --> 00:09:46,840 perhaps during a hunt. 156 00:09:49,600 --> 00:09:52,320 By the 1960s, it reaches Haiti, 157 00:09:52,600 --> 00:09:55,040 home to many people who work in the Congo 158 00:09:55,120 --> 00:09:57,280 and who may have brought it back with them. 159 00:09:58,920 --> 00:10:04,000 By 1980, up to 300,000 people worldwide are likely infected 160 00:10:04,080 --> 00:10:05,960 without yet knowing what it is... 161 00:10:07,520 --> 00:10:09,880 which leads us back to 1981, 162 00:10:09,960 --> 00:10:13,800 where the first confirmed cases of what later becomes known as HIV 163 00:10:13,880 --> 00:10:15,200 start to pop up. 164 00:10:15,960 --> 00:10:18,360 And a new epidemic is born. 165 00:10:22,800 --> 00:10:24,560 As the death toll climbs, 166 00:10:24,640 --> 00:10:28,480 the top priority becomes preventing the spread of AIDS. 167 00:10:28,680 --> 00:10:30,200 We know so little about AIDS, 168 00:10:30,280 --> 00:10:32,560 but what we do know is how it is transmitted. 169 00:10:32,880 --> 00:10:36,560 And therefore, we know how it is prevented from being transmitted. 170 00:10:36,800 --> 00:10:39,200 And people need to practice safer sex. 171 00:10:41,200 --> 00:10:45,800 You put the condom on over-- We always give our banana a name. 172 00:10:46,320 --> 00:10:50,480 Let's call this one, uh... Charles. Call this one Charles. 173 00:10:50,800 --> 00:10:54,560 And then you put the condom over the erect penis 174 00:10:54,800 --> 00:10:56,920 and roll it down, smooth. 175 00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:06,400 And there you have, uh... Charles all ready to practice safe sex. 176 00:11:10,680 --> 00:11:13,800 As people start talking more about safe sex, 177 00:11:13,880 --> 00:11:15,880 condom use skyrockets. 178 00:11:16,080 --> 00:11:20,480 Sales increase 25% from 1986 to 1988. 179 00:11:21,880 --> 00:11:24,240 There's also some progress towards treatment. 180 00:11:24,640 --> 00:11:26,560 Never before has so much been known 181 00:11:26,640 --> 00:11:28,520 about a new disease in such a short time. 182 00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:31,440 Research has proceeded at a frantic pace. 183 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,320 A major breakthrough has been a new blood test 184 00:11:34,400 --> 00:11:35,840 that should ensure that, in future, 185 00:11:35,920 --> 00:11:38,520 nobody contracts AIDS from a blood transfusion. 186 00:11:41,800 --> 00:11:45,560 But the number of people dying from AIDS is growing daily. 187 00:11:47,520 --> 00:11:50,400 When your government fails you, you self-organize, 188 00:11:50,480 --> 00:11:52,200 and that's what happened with AIDS. 189 00:11:52,600 --> 00:11:54,520 Hundreds of calls are received here each day 190 00:11:54,600 --> 00:11:56,480 from members of the public and the gay community. 191 00:11:56,560 --> 00:12:00,480 AIDS patients and their loved ones start uniting all over the world, 192 00:12:00,560 --> 00:12:03,240 demanding greater access to experimental drugs, 193 00:12:03,680 --> 00:12:05,240 pleading for more funding, 194 00:12:05,320 --> 00:12:08,920 and taking aim at the bigotry that's emerging around AIDS. 195 00:12:10,920 --> 00:12:12,880 All gay people must unite 196 00:12:12,960 --> 00:12:16,200 to overcome discrimination against people with AIDS. 197 00:12:17,160 --> 00:12:18,520 If we do not... 198 00:12:20,240 --> 00:12:21,840 ...we will all suffer. 199 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:26,000 We will all be defeated. 200 00:12:26,640 --> 00:12:29,440 We will all truly be victims of AIDS. 201 00:12:29,520 --> 00:12:32,520 They simply cannot put us away in leper colonies, 202 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:36,080 which seems to be what they're-- what they're talking about doing now. 203 00:12:37,640 --> 00:12:39,680 People are looking for leadership. 204 00:12:39,760 --> 00:12:44,120 But when the president mentions AIDS at a fundraising gala in Washington, DC, 205 00:12:44,200 --> 00:12:46,640 in support of a policy to screen immigrants, 206 00:12:47,080 --> 00:12:48,480 it doesn't go down well. 207 00:12:49,280 --> 00:12:53,080 Add the AIDS virus to the list of contagious diseases 208 00:12:53,160 --> 00:12:57,000 for which immigrants and aliens seeking permanent residence in the United States 209 00:12:57,120 --> 00:12:58,760 can be denied entry. 210 00:13:03,440 --> 00:13:05,720 It's not exactly the rousing call to arms 211 00:13:05,800 --> 00:13:07,520 his audience was hoping for. 212 00:13:09,160 --> 00:13:13,200 For many who have been fighting this battle for years, enough is enough. 213 00:13:13,480 --> 00:13:17,160 It's time to make people and politicians across the world listen. 214 00:13:17,600 --> 00:13:19,960 - Jose Salles. - John Ferrera. 215 00:13:20,040 --> 00:13:23,680 In 1987, on the National Mall in Washington, DC, 216 00:13:24,160 --> 00:13:27,920 activists unveil a massive quilt, larger than a football field. 217 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:33,600 Each panel commemorates a victim of AIDS. 218 00:13:34,640 --> 00:13:37,080 And with its 1,920 panels, 219 00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:41,440 the AIDS quilt becomes a searing symbol of the crisis, 220 00:13:41,520 --> 00:13:44,720 told through a medium as American as apple pie. 221 00:13:52,360 --> 00:13:55,640 It's one of the many creative approaches activists use 222 00:13:55,720 --> 00:13:58,400 to bring the nation's attention to the crisis. 223 00:13:58,960 --> 00:14:01,000 But nobody is more outspoken 224 00:14:01,080 --> 00:14:05,720 than NYC playwright and legendary gay rights activist Larry Kramer. 225 00:14:05,800 --> 00:14:09,440 I, myself, have lost now 18 friends who have died 226 00:14:09,520 --> 00:14:12,440 in my own immediate circle of friends, a community. 227 00:14:12,520 --> 00:14:14,200 I mean, it's like wartime when that-- 228 00:14:14,280 --> 00:14:18,040 when you have those kind of statistics that affect you personally. 229 00:14:18,640 --> 00:14:22,560 Kramer helps create a whole new performative form of protest: 230 00:14:22,800 --> 00:14:26,440 ACT UP, the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power. 231 00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:29,960 I wanna know why I'm being arrested! 232 00:14:30,440 --> 00:14:34,160 With over 140 chapters and thousands of members worldwide, 233 00:14:34,240 --> 00:14:38,120 ACT UP is not only big. They're bold, and they're loud. 234 00:14:38,200 --> 00:14:41,760 This is a group of AIDS victims who've just turned up at the White House 235 00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:44,320 to protest the administration's policy on AIDS. 236 00:14:44,400 --> 00:14:47,480 And they're hoping to be arrested to make their point of view. 237 00:14:51,560 --> 00:14:54,440 Activists come in all shapes and sizes, 238 00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:56,600 including Ryan White, 239 00:14:56,680 --> 00:15:00,360 a hemophiliac diagnosed with AIDS at 13 years old, 240 00:15:00,440 --> 00:15:02,280 and given just six months to live. 241 00:15:03,560 --> 00:15:05,000 Excuse me. 242 00:15:05,400 --> 00:15:07,640 I became the target of Ryan White jokes. 243 00:15:07,920 --> 00:15:09,440 Lies about me biting people, 244 00:15:09,520 --> 00:15:12,320 spitting on vegetables and cookies in grocery stores, 245 00:15:12,400 --> 00:15:14,000 and urinating on bathroom walls. 246 00:15:14,920 --> 00:15:18,880 This cute Indiana kid becomes a poster boy for AIDS campaigns, 247 00:15:18,960 --> 00:15:21,960 supporting fundraising efforts and raising awareness. 248 00:15:24,640 --> 00:15:26,680 A few months after he passes away, 249 00:15:26,760 --> 00:15:29,520 Congress introduces the Ryan White Care Act... 250 00:15:31,520 --> 00:15:36,200 creating the largest federally-funded program for people living with HIV/AIDS. 251 00:15:37,880 --> 00:15:41,280 Public perception starts to shift in support of those grieving, 252 00:15:41,360 --> 00:15:44,960 and awareness of the universal threat of AIDS grows. 253 00:15:48,240 --> 00:15:50,640 If American politicians muddle their response 254 00:15:50,720 --> 00:15:52,240 to the AIDS crisis at first, 255 00:15:52,680 --> 00:15:55,680 other well-known faces are more sure-footed. 256 00:15:55,760 --> 00:15:58,880 The Princess of Wales felt not the slightest apprehension 257 00:15:58,960 --> 00:16:02,320 about her visit to the Middlesex Hospital and its AIDS ward, 258 00:16:02,400 --> 00:16:03,840 according to press reports. 259 00:16:05,040 --> 00:16:08,160 In 1987, Britain's Princess Diana 260 00:16:08,240 --> 00:16:10,080 helps to dispel ignorance, 261 00:16:10,480 --> 00:16:12,880 by shaking the hand of an AIDS patient. 262 00:16:13,080 --> 00:16:15,920 HIV does not make people dangerous to know. 263 00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:19,200 So you can shake their hands and give them a hug. 264 00:16:19,360 --> 00:16:21,000 Heaven knows, they need it. 265 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:26,000 Some of those infected are already in the public eye. 266 00:16:27,440 --> 00:16:32,520 In 1985, actor Rock Hudson becomes the first major celebrity 267 00:16:32,600 --> 00:16:34,160 to announce that he has AIDS. 268 00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:37,080 He dies just two months later. 269 00:16:38,800 --> 00:16:41,400 Sadly, more big names are to follow. 270 00:16:42,320 --> 00:16:47,280 It's soon clear wealth, power, and fame can't protect you. 271 00:16:47,480 --> 00:16:51,120 But they do put a spotlight on the desperate situation. 272 00:16:54,320 --> 00:16:58,880 In 1991, the power of celebrity is harnessed on the red carpet, 273 00:16:59,280 --> 00:17:01,920 where distinctive red ribbons spread awareness of AIDS. 274 00:17:05,160 --> 00:17:08,000 The activism all starts to pay off in the '90s, 275 00:17:08,320 --> 00:17:09,840 and it's a good thing it does. 276 00:17:11,920 --> 00:17:16,040 In 1995, AIDS reaches a sobering milestone, 277 00:17:16,120 --> 00:17:18,400 becoming the leading cause of death in the US 278 00:17:18,480 --> 00:17:21,320 for people 25 to 44 years of age. 279 00:17:28,440 --> 00:17:31,160 It's a grim high point. But at the same time, 280 00:17:31,600 --> 00:17:34,680 big changes are happening in the form of funding and research. 281 00:17:36,520 --> 00:17:39,000 In 1993, President Clinton 282 00:17:39,080 --> 00:17:42,040 sets up the White House Office of National AIDS Policy. 283 00:17:43,080 --> 00:17:46,520 The National Institute of Health expands its AIDS research. 284 00:17:47,400 --> 00:17:48,640 And with great funding, 285 00:17:48,720 --> 00:17:53,120 come great scientific breakthroughs for the treatment and prevention of HIV. 286 00:18:00,880 --> 00:18:03,880 Between 2005 and 2018, 287 00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:08,120 there's a 45% decline in AIDS-related deaths worldwide. 288 00:18:12,720 --> 00:18:16,400 But one troubling side effect of all these scientific breakthroughs: 289 00:18:17,000 --> 00:18:18,160 complacency. 290 00:18:18,640 --> 00:18:25,120 In 2017, people under 25 account for over 20% of new infections in the US. 291 00:18:25,680 --> 00:18:29,720 Only 15% of US high school students say they've been tested for HIV. 292 00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:33,280 And just 66% percent of American men 293 00:18:33,360 --> 00:18:37,160 aged 15 to 44 use condoms on a regular basis. 294 00:18:38,920 --> 00:18:41,160 As people with HIV live longer, 295 00:18:41,240 --> 00:18:44,080 AIDS is a topic that has drifted from the headlines. 296 00:18:45,040 --> 00:18:46,800 And with that drift of attention, 297 00:18:46,880 --> 00:18:51,920 we risk a real drift of funding and of action to beat the virus. 298 00:18:54,200 --> 00:18:57,280 To bring attention to the cause, in 2016, 299 00:18:57,360 --> 00:19:00,800 Prince Harry takes an HIV test alongside pop star Rihanna. 300 00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:06,080 We just wanna show people how easy it is to get tested, and how... 301 00:19:07,040 --> 00:19:10,920 you shouldn't be afraid of knowing your status, most importantly. 302 00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:14,080 - We should all be afraid of the stigma-- - Of not knowing. 303 00:19:14,160 --> 00:19:16,920 And you should be afraid of not knowing, afraid of not talking about it. 304 00:19:17,000 --> 00:19:19,480 And we get it. There is a generational gap here. 305 00:19:19,560 --> 00:19:21,360 And we need to smash through that. 306 00:19:21,440 --> 00:19:24,320 The younger generation coming through wanna talk about it, 307 00:19:24,400 --> 00:19:25,960 but there's still that stigma. 308 00:19:27,920 --> 00:19:32,720 In 2017, there were nearly 37 million people worldwide 309 00:19:32,800 --> 00:19:34,880 living with HIV/AIDS. 310 00:19:37,040 --> 00:19:39,200 Africa has been the hardest hit. 311 00:19:40,800 --> 00:19:43,400 Nigeria has the highest annual death rate, 312 00:19:43,880 --> 00:19:47,280 and Swaziland, the highest rate of infection. 313 00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:53,080 Unlike most countries, in Russia, the epidemic is growing. 314 00:19:54,440 --> 00:19:59,400 Not coincidentally, a recent poll suggested more than half the population 315 00:19:59,480 --> 00:20:03,560 still have a negative opinion of those identifying as LGBT. 316 00:20:06,760 --> 00:20:08,760 If there wasn't this bigotry and hatred, 317 00:20:08,840 --> 00:20:12,840 that this disease could be eliminated far quicker than you could ever think. 318 00:20:12,920 --> 00:20:16,600 And until we get that bloody dis-- idea out of our head, 319 00:20:16,680 --> 00:20:18,320 that gay people are less than, 320 00:20:18,400 --> 00:20:22,040 then I am afraid we will still be sitting here in 20 years' time, 321 00:20:22,120 --> 00:20:24,480 discussing the same f****** thing. Okay? 322 00:20:29,360 --> 00:20:32,480 AIDS activists have taught us the hard way 323 00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:35,360 that staying quiet can be deadly. 324 00:20:35,880 --> 00:20:38,360 Being visible has helped mainstream culture 325 00:20:38,440 --> 00:20:40,160 overcome its fear and biases 326 00:20:40,240 --> 00:20:42,560 and embrace people for who they are. 327 00:20:43,080 --> 00:20:44,040 Gay rights! 328 00:20:44,120 --> 00:20:46,240 - When do we want 'em? - Now! 329 00:20:47,440 --> 00:20:49,120 We've come a long way. 330 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:53,400 From the grassroots activists, who first got the world's attention, 331 00:20:53,840 --> 00:20:58,200 to the patients and their caretakers, who battle HIV every day, 332 00:20:59,080 --> 00:21:02,720 to the scientists on the front lines, hunting for a cure. 333 00:21:03,720 --> 00:21:08,080 But today, ignorance and discrimination still exist. 334 00:21:09,000 --> 00:21:12,920 People of all ages and nationalities are being infected. 335 00:21:13,480 --> 00:21:16,720 The worldwide fight against AIDS continues. 30355

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