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Subject: An amateur photographer
and two of his friends
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00:00:05,838 --> 00:00:08,838
comment on a selection of photos
from around the world.
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THE BEASTIARY
Or, The Parade of Orpheus
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00:00:20,824 --> 00:00:23,824
The Camel
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With his four camels,
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00:00:25,924 --> 00:00:27,424
Don Pedro d'Alfaroubeira
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toured the world and admired it.
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He did what I'd like to do.
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If I Had 4 Camels
1966
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First Part
THE CASTLE
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The photo is the hunt
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00:00:49,037 --> 00:00:51,917
It's the instinct of hunting
without the desire to kill
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00:00:51,948 --> 00:00:53,987
It's the hunt of angels...
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00:00:53,999 --> 00:00:56,307
You track, you aim, you fire and--click!
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00:00:56,321 --> 00:00:59,053
--instead of a dead man,
you make him eternal.
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00:01:15,013 --> 00:01:16,513
And here is something more...
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...a sculpture organizes a
certain face with a certain gaze
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whose photo eternalises you
with your own gaze...a circle.
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00:01:23,975 --> 00:01:27,680
I look at myself from
out of the photo that looks.
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00:01:27,714 --> 00:01:32,029
-All in all, an inferior kind of art:
the art of viewing art.
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-My brothers, art is neither
inferior nor superior, it is art.
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It doesn't always have to boast,
that's not its quality.
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00:01:38,389 --> 00:01:40,666
It's like a nationality.
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00:01:40,668 --> 00:01:43,725
A hunchbacked Chinese
doesn't cease to be Chinese.
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There is life, and there is its double
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00:01:46,202 --> 00:01:50,063
and the photo belongs to
the world of the double...eh!
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00:01:51,841 --> 00:01:55,109
Moreover it is there
that there is a trap.
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00:01:55,389 --> 00:01:57,449
By approaching some faces,
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00:01:57,464 --> 00:02:01,464
you have the impression of sharing in
the lives and deaths of their faces
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00:02:01,543 --> 00:02:04,021
--of human faces.
It's not true:
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00:02:04,066 --> 00:02:09,386
if you participate in something, it's
in the life and death of their images.
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00:02:09,598 --> 00:02:12,195
In any case, if one
can say one thing modestly
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00:02:12,205 --> 00:02:14,205
it's that photography is a pleasure.
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00:02:14,241 --> 00:02:18,158
The number of times people said thanks,
knowing they wouldn't get the picture.
35
00:02:18,455 --> 00:02:20,627
Even in bizzare situations.
36
00:02:20,652 --> 00:02:22,652
Some hairdressers, for example.
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00:02:22,849 --> 00:02:25,881
A boss even told her staff
not to show their husbands...
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00:02:25,895 --> 00:02:27,957
Fine, that's Paris, that's Babylon...
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00:02:27,973 --> 00:02:32,780
But in Pyong-Yang, I began to shoot
and all the ladies began to laugh...
40
00:02:32,818 --> 00:02:38,190
Then why, in Cuba, did the
outdoor barbers begin to chase me,
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00:02:38,200 --> 00:02:40,683
shouting and brandishing their scissors?
That's the mystery!
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00:02:40,700 --> 00:02:44,678
"Since these mysteries are beyond me,
let's pretend we're organising them."
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00:02:44,716 --> 00:02:47,274
That's the motto of every photograph.
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00:02:47,340 --> 00:02:49,658
It's true, one cheats.
45
00:02:49,694 --> 00:02:53,394
Between the Arctic Circle and the bottom
of the Negev, things inevitably happen.
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The sun rises, among others.
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00:02:55,467 --> 00:03:01,042
It's like for people suddenly seized:
one can't help but feel possessed,
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00:03:01,067 --> 00:03:04,730
as if one had organized these daybreaks.
49
00:03:12,270 --> 00:03:17,244
And then, I don't know, this feeling of
gathering up the world, reconciling it,
50
00:03:17,270 --> 00:03:19,770
of flattening out all the time zones...
51
00:03:19,792 --> 00:03:22,197
It must be the nostalgia for Eden.
52
00:03:22,265 --> 00:03:24,265
It's the same time everywhere.
53
00:03:24,283 --> 00:03:27,893
I can't resist the kind of film that
walks you from one dawn to the next,
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00:03:27,908 --> 00:03:31,298
saying things like,
It is six o'clock on Earth,
55
00:03:31,311 --> 00:03:33,626
six o'clock at Sain-Martin Canal,
56
00:03:33,648 --> 00:03:36,190
six o'clock at the Göta Canal in Sweden.
57
00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:38,226
Six o'clock in Havana.
58
00:03:38,258 --> 00:03:41,128
Six o'clock
in the Forbidden City of Peking.
59
00:03:50,847 --> 00:03:52,847
The sun rises over Brussels,
60
00:03:52,873 --> 00:03:56,439
and over Prague,
over Tehran, and over Berlin.
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00:03:58,251 --> 00:04:01,295
The last passer-by of the night
on the Notre-Dame square,
62
00:04:01,305 --> 00:04:04,434
and on a street in Amsterdam,
the first of the day.
63
00:04:05,004 --> 00:04:08,020
Everyone is already on the
English Promenade
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00:04:08,043 --> 00:04:11,282
but only one Chinese on the Great Wall.
65
00:04:11,792 --> 00:04:16,153
The fountains of the Estonian Villa and
Rome begin to flow at the same time,
66
00:04:16,182 --> 00:04:19,157
the pretty nymphs of the Piazza Esedra.
67
00:04:25,835 --> 00:04:28,856
A train enters the station at La Ciotat.
68
00:04:28,944 --> 00:04:31,452
A train arrives in Jerusalem.
69
00:04:31,952 --> 00:04:35,139
A station for
a subprefecture of Jerusalem.
70
00:04:36,029 --> 00:04:38,964
The snowplow trains
wait in Kiruna Station.
71
00:04:39,464 --> 00:04:42,756
The fastest train in the world
leaves from a station in Tokyo.
72
00:04:42,924 --> 00:04:46,165
It passes commuter trains
full of sleeping Japanese,
73
00:04:46,279 --> 00:04:49,330
already exhausted,
already used up by the city.
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00:04:52,643 --> 00:04:55,420
There are new posters in the Paris metro
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00:04:55,778 --> 00:04:59,011
and in a cable car in Lausanne,
a cabalistic sign.
76
00:05:02,405 --> 00:05:05,468
A Yugoslavian hog
considers the day to come.
77
00:05:06,571 --> 00:05:11,104
In Paris, young women are
presented as in a competition of idols.
78
00:05:12,970 --> 00:05:17,299
In Santiago de Cuba,
open-heart surgery begins.
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00:05:32,362 --> 00:05:36,505
Santiago de Cuba,
the world's freest bodies.
80
00:05:37,240 --> 00:05:39,847
The game on the street begins.
81
00:05:39,880 --> 00:05:42,928
From the sidewalks of Santiago
to those of Tel-Aviv,
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00:05:42,953 --> 00:05:45,159
to the sidewalks of Moscow.
83
00:05:49,724 --> 00:05:53,835
In the Mosfilm Studio, Tatiana
Lavrova prepares herself for shooting.
84
00:05:53,976 --> 00:05:57,943
In Havana,
someone distributes "capitalist parts"
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00:05:57,973 --> 00:06:00,616
parts taken from
American or French cars.
86
00:06:00,650 --> 00:06:04,462
like this 1950 model advertised
in Shanghai, which never arrived.
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00:06:08,347 --> 00:06:10,347
A soviet dog in Moscow
88
00:06:10,657 --> 00:06:12,973
A bourgeois dog in Paris.
89
00:06:13,378 --> 00:06:17,266
A perfume store in Oslo that
invokes the Nefertiti of Berlin.
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00:06:17,969 --> 00:06:19,969
Lottery in Cuba,
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00:06:20,192 --> 00:06:22,192
lottery in Lisbon,
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00:06:22,313 --> 00:06:26,012
and for this Japanese, his little
personal lottery: the Pachinko
93
00:06:31,429 --> 00:06:33,429
Some Chinese go to a meeting.
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00:06:33,929 --> 00:06:35,929
Some Koreans go to a meeting.
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00:06:36,002 --> 00:06:38,853
They pass some people who carry loads,
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00:06:38,929 --> 00:06:40,929
frown at some boats.
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00:06:42,109 --> 00:06:44,109
The game of the day begins.
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In all these twists, there are
some who are different from others
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00:06:48,154 --> 00:06:50,154
They are distinguished by their dress,
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00:06:52,284 --> 00:06:55,798
and from the balconies on high in the
cities, they hear an untiring voice
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00:06:50,258 --> 00:06:52,258
by their uniform;
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00:06:55,823 --> 00:06:59,649
that says:
"One day, all of you will belong..."
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00:07:10,556 --> 00:07:12,904
Zakrit na remont
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00:07:13,273 --> 00:07:16,129
-"Closed for repairs."
Without a doubt, this is Moscow.
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00:07:16,142 --> 00:07:19,145
It's the building of the Sputniks and
the Vostoks at the Industrial Expo
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00:07:19,243 --> 00:07:23,293
-Those the little Koreans applauded
like victories of socialism.
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00:07:23,429 --> 00:07:26,444
-What is it now?
Victories of revisionism?
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00:07:26,465 --> 00:07:28,771
-One day there'll be Martians there,
I'm sure of it.
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00:07:28,792 --> 00:07:32,024
Waiting there, we described
the giant rockets, the space stations.
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00:07:32,037 --> 00:07:34,083
It is a fabulous place.
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00:07:34,132 --> 00:07:37,398
-That's not New York...
-No, no.
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00:07:37,419 --> 00:07:40,614
-It's the Air Museum in Meudon,
the most technological...
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00:07:40,673 --> 00:07:42,520
What is it now?
-No...
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00:07:42,694 --> 00:07:46,792
-What is it now? The most technological,
but at the other end of history.
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00:07:46,813 --> 00:07:50,717
-The same history. -No, Nungesser
and Gagarin weren't the same.
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00:07:50,744 --> 00:07:53,587
-Oh! That's romanticism...
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00:07:53,606 --> 00:07:55,606
-Because you were 10 at the time
of Nungesser and Coli?
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00:07:55,627 --> 00:07:58,308
-No my good friends,
for a simple reason:
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00:07:58,338 --> 00:08:02,077
because no dog has ever
flown across the Atlantic.
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00:08:02,873 --> 00:08:05,525
-What do you mean,
'revisionism'?
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00:08:14,900 --> 00:08:18,081
-The cosmonauts, I don't know,
but the pedestrians, yes.
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00:08:11,671 --> 00:08:14,851
Is that where the
cosmonauts buy their dogs?
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00:08:18,097 --> 00:08:21,347
It's the animal market in Moscow.
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00:08:50,828 --> 00:08:53,443
Why do I love the Russians?
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00:08:53,457 --> 00:08:55,697
One must see it in my images,
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but it would be necessary to make them
understand it...
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00:08:58,223 --> 00:09:00,279
I'm not naïve.
128
00:09:00,995 --> 00:09:05,710
In moments of goodness or humor,
129
00:09:05,729 --> 00:09:09,428
they can applaud when a writer
is imprisoned for 7 years
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00:09:09,490 --> 00:09:12,847
because he displeased two dozen
old crabs...the same people...
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00:09:13,372 --> 00:09:17,869
...who can play like little kids
with flying wheels and water pistols.
132
00:09:18,385 --> 00:09:21,242
It was epic, the water pistols.
133
00:09:21,243 --> 00:09:23,920
In the week when they were imported,
134
00:09:23,950 --> 00:09:28,154
one couldn't ring a friend's doorbell
without getting shot in the face.
135
00:09:28,283 --> 00:09:31,896
That was already a while ago.
Remember, Varvara.
136
00:09:32,154 --> 00:09:35,733
That was the time of the two-seater car.
[STALIN]
137
00:09:35,769 --> 00:09:39,024
One still made one's way down toward
"Joseph Stalin" in a Volga
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00:09:39,029 --> 00:09:42,170
and one winter,
the chaperones of the 'little red'
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00:09:42,191 --> 00:09:45,781
could cross Gorki Park without
meeting a cop.
140
00:09:46,063 --> 00:09:49,578
There, ten thousand participants
of the Youth Festival disembarked
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00:09:49,655 --> 00:09:53,618
from a boat called Molotov
when it had left Leningrad...
142
00:09:53,734 --> 00:09:56,701
...and Baltika when it returned.
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00:09:57,029 --> 00:09:59,767
It was still better
than the water pistols.
144
00:10:00,218 --> 00:10:03,224
In the streets one saw
little planetary systems:
145
00:10:03,283 --> 00:10:07,629
a stranger in the center...and
the Muscovites played all around him.
146
00:10:08,473 --> 00:10:11,615
Everything that helped the Russians'
preconceptions about foreigners,
147
00:10:11,632 --> 00:10:14,612
and even more, those of the
foreigners about the Russians
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00:10:14,635 --> 00:10:17,427
was already contained in that summer.
149
00:10:18,112 --> 00:10:21,157
It was the summer one first
heard Moscow Nights
150
00:10:21,389 --> 00:10:23,389
by Soloviov-Sedoi,
151
00:10:23,563 --> 00:10:27,277
when millions of people discovered
the kindness of the Russians,
152
00:10:27,413 --> 00:10:29,413
Russian curiosity,
153
00:10:29,760 --> 00:10:34,322
and it's strength that makes friendship
there charge like a calvary...
154
00:10:35,454 --> 00:10:37,952
It was also the summer one first saw
155
00:10:37,972 --> 00:10:41,133
the girls play with the signs
of a foreign coquettishness
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00:10:42,168 --> 00:10:45,795
and for the first time since the war,
the U.S. flag waved.
157
00:10:46,449 --> 00:10:51,232
It returned less innocently, two
years after the American Expo of '59
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00:10:51,904 --> 00:10:54,536
It was the great seduction.
159
00:10:54,709 --> 00:10:57,906
Abraham Lincoln
married Marilyn Monroe
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00:10:57,997 --> 00:11:00,573
and they had many little refrigerators.
161
00:11:00,984 --> 00:11:05,826
The Russians took all that
very seriously, to the point of envy.
162
00:11:05,930 --> 00:11:08,539
But there was a lot more
common sense than expected.
163
00:11:08,622 --> 00:11:13,192
Marian Anderson and Mickey Mouse
were mobilised to jazz everyone up.
164
00:11:13,667 --> 00:11:18,742
Evidently, most men focused on cars,
and most women on fashion...
165
00:11:20,200 --> 00:11:23,592
Since the Russians love books,
there was a beautiful library.
166
00:11:23,752 --> 00:11:27,075
They even had
The Question by Henri Alleg
167
00:11:27,111 --> 00:11:31,570
"Read my lips: It's not us Americans
who would go and start a colonial war."
168
00:11:31,783 --> 00:11:34,494
The greatest site was of course
169
00:11:34,553 --> 00:11:38,543
the distribution of plastic bowls,
hot out of a big machine
170
00:11:38,622 --> 00:11:41,459
--and one of the greatest
perplexities, of course:
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00:11:41,480 --> 00:11:44,061
the Contemporary Art Expo.
172
00:12:14,365 --> 00:12:17,220
I also would have liked them to
see the bit of cargo on Le Coubre,
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you know, the one that exploded
in the port of Havana
174
00:12:19,816 --> 00:12:24,086
to which the Cubans made a monument
just by changing their perspective.
175
00:12:26,638 --> 00:12:29,729
I could launch into a great
eulogy for the Russian gaze
176
00:12:30,076 --> 00:12:33,566
but if I say everything I I think,
I will sound like a racist.
177
00:12:33,853 --> 00:12:37,066
It is true, however, that
there is a line of sight
178
00:12:37,566 --> 00:12:39,566
as there is a life-line.
179
00:12:41,350 --> 00:12:46,038
There is not an American gaze, nor a
Scandanavian gaze, nor a Black gaze
180
00:12:46,174 --> 00:12:48,174
a Jewish gaze,
181
00:12:48,233 --> 00:12:50,233
a Russian gaze...
182
00:12:51,001 --> 00:12:54,485
If I say that it's a light that shines
in the poor and dies in the rich,
183
00:12:54,562 --> 00:12:56,562
I'll be roasted by the Russians.
184
00:12:56,604 --> 00:12:58,604
It's also the gaze of icons.
185
00:12:59,832 --> 00:13:01,832
Let's talk about icons...
186
00:13:01,891 --> 00:13:04,741
A people who had this painter here,
this gaze there
187
00:13:04,820 --> 00:13:06,820
and resulted
188
00:13:07,416 --> 00:13:10,653
in the Tretiakov Gallery.
189
00:13:17,781 --> 00:13:21,581
All the same, it's curious
that the Vikings knew of form
190
00:13:21,778 --> 00:13:24,727
and not just a useful form,
a breathtaking form,
191
00:13:25,227 --> 00:13:29,446
and that the Soviet Academics didn't
have the character to suspect it exists.
192
00:13:29,946 --> 00:13:33,026
It's true that now there's
a kind of official pop art
193
00:13:33,334 --> 00:13:35,729
that is rather cool,
but all the same...
194
00:13:37,404 --> 00:13:41,767
Me, I'd to put all the academic
apologists in a big boat
195
00:13:41,893 --> 00:13:44,301
-And sink it?
-No, no!
196
00:13:44,508 --> 00:13:47,507
Lead it to Cienfuegos, Cuba.
197
00:13:47,699 --> 00:13:50,513
I have a friend named Samuel Feijoo,
198
00:13:50,555 --> 00:13:53,192
he directs a school for the peasants.
199
00:14:01,607 --> 00:14:03,607
There's a sculpture of a peasant.
200
00:14:03,800 --> 00:14:05,800
He called it "Hunger,"
201
00:14:05,859 --> 00:14:09,173
with the comment: hunger has no face...
202
00:14:09,310 --> 00:14:12,109
And that there: "Thinking".
203
00:14:13,179 --> 00:14:16,004
-That doesn't just
apply to socialist realism.
204
00:14:16,105 --> 00:14:20,582
-Yes, it also goes for the
consumers of the Mona Lisa.
205
00:14:20,699 --> 00:14:23,313
When a peasant from Dalarna pastes
cut out images of cars on his bed
206
00:14:23,369 --> 00:14:25,369
because he needs them,
207
00:14:25,450 --> 00:14:29,798
it's a truer movement toward art than
hanging a reproduction of a Van Gough
208
00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:32,734
above an easy Lévitan.
-You speak of the painter, of course.
209
00:14:32,749 --> 00:14:34,749
-Of course.
210
00:14:34,764 --> 00:14:37,748
That doesn't stop other galleries
besides Tretiakov in Moscow
211
00:14:37,782 --> 00:14:41,539
from showing some Picassos and
Renoir's, and admirable ones at that...
212
00:14:41,647 --> 00:14:44,169
That's where the Russians come
to learn that painting exists.
213
00:14:44,669 --> 00:14:46,875
They sometimes say that
they don't understand Picasso.
214
00:14:46,908 --> 00:14:51,453
But they have a way of getting
him wrong in saying, "So...what?"
215
00:14:51,561 --> 00:14:53,673
...and Picasso is forced to respond.
216
00:14:53,725 --> 00:14:57,416
Whereas three fourths of the time,
he doesn't give a damn
217
00:14:57,429 --> 00:15:00,801
for the looks of approval from
comprehending Parisians.
218
00:15:03,689 --> 00:15:05,689
-It causes, it causes...
219
00:15:05,760 --> 00:15:09,017
but what would he say if
he was born Russian, like me?
220
00:15:09,629 --> 00:15:14,525
When he photographed a cosmetics ad,
an extravagant shirt with Brigete Bardot
221
00:15:15,297 --> 00:15:17,613
Lucia Bosè and Marina Vlady,
222
00:15:18,113 --> 00:15:22,242
the Soviet version of the Vespa,
or a vendor on Gorki Street,
223
00:15:22,520 --> 00:15:26,323
when he found a jazz
orchestra in southern Siberia,
224
00:15:26,364 --> 00:15:28,653
or a self-service
restaurant in a Moscow suburb,
225
00:15:29,508 --> 00:15:33,008
he truly raved about
the Russian gaze and the Slavic soul.
226
00:15:33,508 --> 00:15:35,508
He thinks like a European.
227
00:15:36,008 --> 00:15:40,213
He thinks: thaw, elevating
the standard of living, liberalization,
228
00:15:40,284 --> 00:15:42,284
comfort,
229
00:15:42,374 --> 00:15:45,835
in brief, a turn toward this
consumer society
230
00:15:45,999 --> 00:15:49,501
that he condemned with sarcasms
as he saw it materialize.
231
00:15:50,673 --> 00:15:54,589
Between the bourgeois who already
rejoice at their black sheep
232
00:15:55,089 --> 00:15:58,937
falling back in line and
the new romantic generation
233
00:15:59,119 --> 00:16:02,243
that jumps with both feet
into Stalinism,
234
00:16:02,278 --> 00:16:05,497
and who dreams of an impossible 1917,
235
00:16:05,997 --> 00:16:09,805
between the Russians who have indeed
earned the right to breathe a little
236
00:16:09,816 --> 00:16:12,796
and the Chinese who are cuckolding them,
237
00:16:13,296 --> 00:16:17,709
we find ourselves there, we,
the sons of immigrants.
238
00:16:18,796 --> 00:16:23,101
We have learned other countries,
we have learned other languages,
239
00:16:23,601 --> 00:16:26,121
and despite all of that,
in our hearts there is
240
00:16:26,328 --> 00:16:28,498
an imaginary homeland
241
00:16:28,998 --> 00:16:30,998
for which we are hard to please...
242
00:16:31,156 --> 00:16:33,156
...punctilious,
unjust...
243
00:16:33,534 --> 00:16:35,534
When we go over there
244
00:16:35,594 --> 00:16:39,686
it is not to be amazed
at how it resembles the West,
245
00:16:40,528 --> 00:16:43,294
it is to understand, within
the dimension of a country,
246
00:16:43,614 --> 00:16:46,521
the tenderness, which we learned
247
00:16:46,986 --> 00:16:49,436
from decorated forefathers,
from chatty mothers,
248
00:16:49,872 --> 00:16:51,872
and from little pig-tailed sisters.
249
00:17:01,567 --> 00:17:05,477
-But that's a little different.
It's still a fashion show,
250
00:17:06,045 --> 00:17:08,717
but it's in the factory,
during the break.
251
00:17:26,823 --> 00:17:28,823
-Men's fashion too?
-Yes.
252
00:17:29,451 --> 00:17:33,935
Elsewhere, the women follow it closely,
while the men are indifferent to it.
253
00:17:34,142 --> 00:17:36,298
-Bores! All of them!
254
00:17:36,399 --> 00:17:37,882
Do you like Moscow?
255
00:17:40,363 --> 00:17:42,805
-The fist time, I hated Moscow.
256
00:17:42,863 --> 00:17:46,698
Since it's true that, apart from the
monuments it's not a city that's very...
257
00:17:46,684 --> 00:17:47,671
...beautiful.
258
00:17:47,788 --> 00:17:49,788
And then one day everything changed.
259
00:17:50,769 --> 00:17:53,292
I understood that this city is nothing
without its inhabitants.
260
00:17:53,319 --> 00:17:57,068
It's not obvious, you know, there are
a lot of towns that carry on very well.
261
00:17:57,379 --> 00:18:01,039
If one doesn't just have connections,
but true connections,
262
00:18:01,242 --> 00:18:05,467
Russian connections, with some
Muscovites, one doesn't pass it up.
263
00:18:05,626 --> 00:18:08,386
It's like in their hot pools in the
middle of the snow
264
00:18:08,424 --> 00:18:10,776
it's the encounter of two worlds,
a frontier between
265
00:18:10,871 --> 00:18:12,790
summer and winter.
266
00:18:12,939 --> 00:18:15,725
Now, I love Moscow...
267
00:18:16,225 --> 00:18:18,225
...I love...
268
00:18:18,455 --> 00:18:21,101
Also it's probably
269
00:18:21,169 --> 00:18:24,944
the only capital in the world where
I can say that I love
270
00:18:25,093 --> 00:18:28,175
what remains of the rustic
in the rhythm of the street.
271
00:18:28,378 --> 00:18:32,232
Dynamo Beach--it's not Coney Island,
it's The Grande Jatte.
272
00:18:32,483 --> 00:18:34,483
And the metro--it's the Hall of Mirrors!
273
00:18:34,767 --> 00:18:38,610
It is also the only city
where one can breathe,
274
00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:40,840
it is surrounded by gardens, by parks.
275
00:18:41,205 --> 00:18:42,724
The people go to see
276
00:18:42,954 --> 00:18:44,954
real pears, real apples,
277
00:18:45,130 --> 00:18:47,130
as we go to see Braque and Cézanne.
278
00:18:47,630 --> 00:18:51,781
Even the chess tables in Gorki park
have an air of rustic festivity.
279
00:18:51,822 --> 00:18:55,880
-Say then, the Grande Jatte, the Hall of
Mirrors, the ferris wheel...
280
00:18:55,948 --> 00:18:58,294
It's the nostalgia for 1900
that you love in Moscow.
281
00:18:58,319 --> 00:19:00,157
-I believe we have a myth
282
00:19:00,279 --> 00:19:03,256
of 1900 that is just the image of an
epoch when people had space,
283
00:19:03,378 --> 00:19:06,182
when they had time
to watch and to breathe...
284
00:19:06,682 --> 00:19:11,569
Moscow's 1900 aspect is in the lucidity
of the Children’s Library engravings.
285
00:19:11,988 --> 00:19:14,154
Save that one has put the daughters of
286
00:19:14,168 --> 00:19:17,215
workers in the sleds of
the models' daughters
287
00:19:37,924 --> 00:19:39,789
-Is this still Moscow?
288
00:19:39,857 --> 00:19:41,664
-No, it's a Russian monastery.
289
00:19:41,685 --> 00:19:44,549
The bell ringer was a
sailor on the Potemkin
290
00:19:44,608 --> 00:19:46,413
-That's not true...
291
00:19:46,472 --> 00:19:48,357
-It certainly isn't,
292
00:19:48,378 --> 00:19:51,590
but nothing's really true in this place,
starting with the monks.
293
00:20:12,761 --> 00:20:15,028
-Are there a lot of them?
-No, just a handful...
294
00:20:15,643 --> 00:20:17,643
There, all that remains,
295
00:20:17,836 --> 00:20:20,838
in a refectory built for a community
of several hundreds.
296
00:20:21,089 --> 00:20:24,279
Don't accuse the atheist
Marxist propaganda too much:
297
00:20:24,815 --> 00:20:26,815
it's a Russian monastery,
but it's not in Russia.
298
00:20:27,008 --> 00:20:29,008
It's on Mount Athos in Greece.
299
00:20:29,201 --> 00:20:32,497
And around it, the Greek monasteries
are in the same decrepit state.
300
00:20:38,974 --> 00:20:40,974
I walked all morning,
301
00:20:41,417 --> 00:20:45,157
I arrived at Xeropotamou
at the most hopeless hour: noon.
302
00:20:46,711 --> 00:20:50,288
Perhaps since the mid-day siesta
resembles death more than sleep.
303
00:20:51,746 --> 00:20:53,746
The corridors were cold,
304
00:20:53,939 --> 00:20:55,708
I saw only one guard there,
305
00:20:55,787 --> 00:20:57,313
who immediately disappeared.
306
00:20:58,752 --> 00:21:01,916
Later, a cook offered me
a handful of olives and a dried fish--
307
00:21:01,937 --> 00:21:03,937
the usual for the community.
308
00:21:04,437 --> 00:21:07,184
Another course of beans.
309
00:21:08,316 --> 00:21:11,678
The monks sleep in their cells,
the corridors were empty.
310
00:21:12,847 --> 00:21:16,227
I saw an artless painting on
the wall, depicting a miracle.
311
00:21:16,727 --> 00:21:18,727
On another,
312
00:21:18,978 --> 00:21:22,498
the portrait of Metaxas, the fascist
dictator who disappeared 12 years ago.
313
00:21:24,262 --> 00:21:26,262
Later, I met a young monk,
314
00:21:26,283 --> 00:21:28,973
one of the rare young monks
in this empire of the elderly.
315
00:21:29,032 --> 00:21:31,032
He came from the islands.
316
00:21:31,532 --> 00:21:34,248
A hermit proposed that I
join the hermitage.
317
00:21:34,327 --> 00:21:36,327
I declined.
318
00:21:36,597 --> 00:21:38,597
I saw a cat on a table.
319
00:21:39,097 --> 00:21:41,097
It was against the rules.
320
00:21:41,156 --> 00:21:43,853
The peninsula is off limits
to women and female animals.
321
00:21:44,717 --> 00:21:47,123
At least when one can prohibit them...
322
00:21:47,623 --> 00:21:50,042
In fact, the rule says:
323
00:21:50,216 --> 00:21:52,216
Beardless faces are prohibited.
324
00:21:52,946 --> 00:21:55,212
There again, it
seems like it's made up.
325
00:21:56,883 --> 00:21:58,883
All of the monasteries
have young novices,
326
00:22:00,111 --> 00:22:03,505
but the shadow of femininity
they carry is not a reduction,
327
00:22:04,005 --> 00:22:05,506
on the contrary...
328
00:22:06,408 --> 00:22:09,448
-Ah, you won't see the women fight
over the Pope with umbrellas there,
329
00:22:09,488 --> 00:22:11,697
as he's represented in the
Museum of Atheism in Leningrad...
330
00:22:11,701 --> 00:22:14,110
-Where one explains that
there is no God in the sky,
331
00:22:14,150 --> 00:22:17,112
since the cosmonauts haven't seen him!
332
00:22:37,551 --> 00:22:41,541
But I wonder if the monks of Mt. Athos
are more advanced than the cosmonauts.
333
00:22:42,587 --> 00:22:46,837
What was one of the highest sites
in Europe is now a site of agony.
334
00:22:46,939 --> 00:22:49,963
Certainly, the rites continue.
And the images are there.
335
00:22:50,463 --> 00:22:52,531
But the faces one encounters there
336
00:22:52,542 --> 00:22:55,313
don't resemble the
Pantocrator or the glory of Christ.
337
00:22:55,372 --> 00:22:57,929
They don't even look
like Christ crucified.
338
00:22:58,046 --> 00:23:00,084
But perhaps like
the Christ of Gesthemane,
339
00:23:01,159 --> 00:23:03,159
like Christ abandoned...
340
00:23:12,146 --> 00:23:13,760
-It's bizarre...
341
00:23:13,858 --> 00:23:15,858
No one believes in God any more,
342
00:23:16,358 --> 00:23:19,203
but one speaks of Christ
with an air of understanding.
343
00:23:19,339 --> 00:23:22,382
One cites him, one copies him,
one finds resemblances of him.
344
00:23:22,997 --> 00:23:25,827
The Japanese have made a
Noh about the death of Christ,
345
00:23:26,327 --> 00:23:28,327
the first Christian Noh in history.
346
00:23:29,172 --> 00:23:32,343
The missionaries are no longer
burned in Japan--it's progress.
347
00:23:32,843 --> 00:23:34,843
Progress toward indifference.
348
00:23:35,937 --> 00:23:38,323
Fidel Castro wrote on the walls:
349
00:23:38,823 --> 00:23:41,484
"To betray the poor
is to betray Christ."
350
00:23:42,386 --> 00:23:44,844
It also seems to be
the opinion of the council.
351
00:23:45,574 --> 00:23:47,574
Christ would be useful, then,
352
00:23:47,691 --> 00:23:49,691
you'd need to have one in your home.
353
00:23:50,191 --> 00:23:52,191
"Put Christ in your happiness."
354
00:23:53,132 --> 00:23:55,596
As if, despite dispensing
with belief in him,
355
00:23:55,617 --> 00:23:58,621
it was still useful
for someone, for some part
356
00:23:58,658 --> 00:24:01,590
to be charged with carrying
all the misery in the world.
357
00:24:02,875 --> 00:24:04,875
We live in the Castle.
358
00:24:05,150 --> 00:24:08,597
There are worse things
than tyranny, than silence.
359
00:24:08,926 --> 00:24:11,569
The distance between
those who have power
360
00:24:11,724 --> 00:24:13,334
and those who don't.
361
00:24:13,662 --> 00:24:15,662
The impossibility of communicating.
362
00:24:16,718 --> 00:24:18,718
The only race line...
363
00:24:19,103 --> 00:24:21,103
...is the Castle.
364
00:24:21,469 --> 00:24:23,469
The poor live in its shadow.
365
00:24:23,873 --> 00:24:25,873
They grow there.
366
00:24:26,181 --> 00:24:28,181
And when they open their eyes,
367
00:24:28,202 --> 00:24:30,202
how will they close them again?
368
00:24:32,292 --> 00:24:34,866
-One day I saw the poor happy...
369
00:24:35,212 --> 00:24:37,768
It was in Nanterre, in the slum,
370
00:24:38,268 --> 00:24:40,268
the first day of Algerian independence.
371
00:25:27,051 --> 00:25:30,087
One instant of happiness
paid for with seven years of war
372
00:25:24,223 --> 00:25:25,881
-They were happy.
373
00:25:30,469 --> 00:25:32,680
and one million deaths.
374
00:25:33,295 --> 00:25:36,630
And the following day,
the Castle was still there.
375
00:25:37,130 --> 00:25:40,313
And the poor are still there,
day after day.
376
00:25:40,909 --> 00:25:42,909
And day after day,
377
00:25:42,988 --> 00:25:44,988
we continue to betray them.
378
00:25:56,503 --> 00:25:58,855
("One must not demolish the castle")
379
00:25:59,935 --> 00:26:01,935
Second Part
THE GARDEN
380
00:26:12,884 --> 00:26:15,799
("Elephant's Defence"
or "Tusk")
381
00:26:21,685 --> 00:26:24,282
-How do you say "elephant" in Russian?
-"Slôn"
382
00:26:24,301 --> 00:26:26,559
-"Slôn": That's obvious.
383
00:26:26,801 --> 00:26:29,612
An elephant who's been
asked its name can only respond:
384
00:26:29,647 --> 00:26:31,882
"Slôn"...
385
00:26:31,893 --> 00:26:33,799
-Then all elephants are Russian.
386
00:26:33,836 --> 00:26:36,096
-The elephant of Moscow
lives in a marvellous place.
387
00:26:36,156 --> 00:26:38,156
Dourov corner.
388
00:26:38,285 --> 00:26:40,285
Correct?
-"Dourov"
389
00:26:40,553 --> 00:26:43,080
-Dourov was a genius who discovered
390
00:26:43,099 --> 00:26:45,748
that species-relations
can be based on trust.
391
00:26:46,178 --> 00:26:49,394
A little girl spent some
hours in a raccoon's cage,
392
00:26:49,395 --> 00:26:52,195
she trusted it; by the end,
it did her laundry...
393
00:26:52,208 --> 00:26:55,007
-Just like family.
-In public, to please her.
394
00:26:55,136 --> 00:26:57,673
The work became another form of play.
395
00:27:23,031 --> 00:27:25,031
-If I understand you well,
396
00:27:25,114 --> 00:27:27,764
you're training children for docility?
397
00:27:27,777 --> 00:27:29,916
You think trust can get you
398
00:27:29,929 --> 00:27:33,173
washer-citizens as perfect as raccoons?
399
00:27:33,210 --> 00:27:36,154
-We shot ourselves in the feet
with the law of the Jungle,
400
00:27:36,173 --> 00:27:38,102
for there is also the law of the Garden.
401
00:27:38,115 --> 00:27:40,483
The Jungle is the Castle of
the animals, but their garden...
402
00:27:40,545 --> 00:27:43,359
-Could equally be
our model, is that it?
403
00:27:43,425 --> 00:27:46,789
-Yes, as in the theatre:
Castle side, Garden side...
404
00:28:30,818 --> 00:28:32,818
-What is he doing there?
-He's playing.
405
00:28:32,924 --> 00:28:34,924
He's playing with a cat.
406
00:28:34,961 --> 00:28:38,513
The cat's no longer playing.
He's dead. Strangled.
407
00:28:46,841 --> 00:28:49,160
-There is a formula for the universe,
408
00:28:49,243 --> 00:28:51,243
but not for childhood.
409
00:28:51,534 --> 00:28:54,757
Nothing can explain both
the kids of the rich
410
00:28:54,859 --> 00:28:56,859
and the kids of the poor.
411
00:28:56,919 --> 00:28:59,721
Neither the starving
little Asians,
412
00:28:59,711 --> 00:29:02,474
nor the little Irish
who beg in the streets,
413
00:29:02,511 --> 00:29:04,280
neither the little blacks,
414
00:29:04,293 --> 00:29:07,647
nor the little Persian students,
nor the little Arab...
415
00:29:08,587 --> 00:29:11,142
There are no more United Children
416
00:29:11,155 --> 00:29:13,557
than there are United Nations.
417
00:29:13,817 --> 00:29:15,817
Children are first what they eat,
418
00:29:15,900 --> 00:29:18,199
and what they are taught second.
419
00:29:18,699 --> 00:29:22,895
It would be reassuring if there was a
children's-land under the fatherlands,
420
00:29:23,065 --> 00:29:25,459
a class of children
beneath the classes,
421
00:29:25,519 --> 00:29:27,214
or beyond,
422
00:29:27,252 --> 00:29:29,135
and if it relied on trust,
423
00:29:29,172 --> 00:29:30,778
truly.
424
00:29:30,930 --> 00:29:33,314
But children are not a country.
425
00:29:33,430 --> 00:29:35,590
At most they're a family.
426
00:29:35,675 --> 00:29:37,808
"The Great Family of Men"
427
00:29:37,874 --> 00:29:40,545
Fine, understood, man is a family.
428
00:29:40,651 --> 00:29:42,651
So were the Atrides.
429
00:29:46,048 --> 00:29:49,160
-I loved the coquettishness
of the Korean workers.
430
00:29:50,355 --> 00:29:52,947
I imagined it as a new relation to work.
431
00:29:53,679 --> 00:29:57,894
I thought twice about that years later,
when I re-visited the same fish cannery.
432
00:29:58,490 --> 00:30:00,605
The difference between these workers
433
00:30:00,614 --> 00:30:02,684
wasn't initially the standard of living,
434
00:30:02,696 --> 00:30:05,163
nor in this unweighable
element, happiness.
435
00:30:05,173 --> 00:30:08,878
It was precisely this:
a certain relation with one's work.
436
00:30:10,054 --> 00:30:12,054
Work: a weight on life,
437
00:30:12,206 --> 00:30:14,206
or a meaning given to life?
438
00:30:14,706 --> 00:30:16,706
A suffered necessity?
439
00:30:16,812 --> 00:30:18,812
Or a shared necessity?
440
00:30:19,011 --> 00:30:21,011
A burden or an ascent?
441
00:30:35,366 --> 00:30:38,319
I had asked to follow
a young worker for a day.
442
00:30:38,461 --> 00:30:41,046
Naturally, I was shown the best.
443
00:30:41,189 --> 00:30:45,250
The best in study, in construction,
in leisure--dreadfully boring...
444
00:30:45,287 --> 00:30:47,217
Thus, I no longer asked anything
445
00:30:47,230 --> 00:30:50,424
though it was only for myself that I
tried to surprise the Korean sweetness
446
00:30:50,414 --> 00:30:53,185
and, above all, the change
in these Asian women
447
00:30:53,196 --> 00:30:56,084
in whom alone all
revolutions would be justified.
448
00:31:03,951 --> 00:31:05,951
The war was still everywhere nearby.
449
00:31:06,497 --> 00:31:10,504
It didn't take much to rediscover
its color or provoke its echoes.
450
00:31:11,259 --> 00:31:14,305
Recollected in memories,
revived by images and slogans,
451
00:31:14,805 --> 00:31:17,527
I was less amazed
by finding its presence
452
00:31:18,008 --> 00:31:20,008
than by its absence--
453
00:31:20,068 --> 00:31:22,068
in the nonchalance of a man,
454
00:31:22,545 --> 00:31:26,239
in the smile of a woman with her baby,
like a distracted kangaroo,
455
00:31:26,620 --> 00:31:29,644
in the animated discussion
of peasants on the curb,
456
00:31:30,074 --> 00:31:33,992
and in the wonder absolutely devoid of
impartiality that I always feel with
457
00:31:34,014 --> 00:31:36,014
children who have slanted eyes.
458
00:31:45,494 --> 00:31:47,494
With the Koreans,
it was also the beauty
459
00:31:48,412 --> 00:31:50,412
and the science,
460
00:31:50,796 --> 00:31:52,796
a science that goes far back,
461
00:31:52,855 --> 00:31:56,379
back to their invention of
the printing press (before Gutenberg),
462
00:31:56,416 --> 00:31:58,998
armour-plating (before Potemkin),
463
00:31:59,011 --> 00:32:01,011
and their thousand ways
of living or painting,
464
00:32:01,094 --> 00:32:03,094
which the Japanese have borrowed,
465
00:32:03,154 --> 00:32:06,324
with the acknowledgement
for which they are known.
466
00:32:12,269 --> 00:32:15,443
I'm not playing the eternal Korea
against the popular Korea.
467
00:32:15,479 --> 00:32:18,854
Its atemporal dances--I seized them
at the time of their pause,
468
00:32:18,914 --> 00:32:21,910
in a factory, in a workers'
club on the Pacific coast
469
00:32:22,473 --> 00:32:24,473
--in time.
470
00:32:34,224 --> 00:32:36,224
But before leaving Korea, another word.
471
00:32:37,372 --> 00:32:40,516
I left this country where I had
worked, where I had friends.
472
00:32:40,825 --> 00:32:43,489
I had received a telegram
greeting from them,
473
00:32:43,557 --> 00:32:48,377
some images, magazines, and
tons of brochures--but not one letter.
474
00:33:00,618 --> 00:33:03,718
From Cuba, I received one.
The whole world received one.
475
00:33:03,986 --> 00:33:08,135
One evening, a few of us were to keep
this letter fresh in our pockets,
476
00:33:08,682 --> 00:33:12,093
at the meeting to protest
the Bay of Pigs invasion.
477
00:33:13,048 --> 00:33:15,983
The stage was full of the usual stars
478
00:33:16,367 --> 00:33:19,297
and there were
familiar faces in the crowd.
479
00:33:19,397 --> 00:33:24,114
I spotted one that belonged to an older
woman, to whom I ascribed a militant past
480
00:33:24,226 --> 00:33:26,226
which was perhaps pure imagination
481
00:33:26,263 --> 00:33:28,028
--but all the same,
482
00:33:28,041 --> 00:33:30,041
her presence here, this evening,
483
00:33:30,309 --> 00:33:32,309
this tender expression...
484
00:33:32,855 --> 00:33:34,972
I thought she had lived a whole era
485
00:33:35,032 --> 00:33:37,215
which for us was submerged:
486
00:33:37,395 --> 00:33:38,856
1917,
487
00:33:38,986 --> 00:33:40,986
the battleship Aurore,
488
00:33:41,000 --> 00:33:44,299
the marines of Petrograd,
the rising of the Tempest over Asia.
489
00:33:44,660 --> 00:33:46,660
She belonged to the only generation
490
00:33:46,674 --> 00:33:48,719
in which life advanced step by step
491
00:33:48,732 --> 00:33:51,681
with the Revolution, like a
tree planted at childhood.
492
00:33:51,718 --> 00:33:54,634
A tree to which she had been
passionately attentive,
493
00:33:54,647 --> 00:33:56,647
except when it came to injustice.
494
00:33:57,147 --> 00:33:59,147
One day, however,
495
00:33:59,647 --> 00:34:04,199
it was necessary to see the crimes
of Stalinism and the schisms of Mao.
496
00:34:04,726 --> 00:34:06,767
The socialist world was no longer
497
00:34:06,786 --> 00:34:09,269
the place of a single fidelity
and a single fraternity.
498
00:34:09,283 --> 00:34:11,283
It was necessary to face the nightmare:
499
00:34:11,342 --> 00:34:14,563
The heirs of the only two
revolutions of the 20th century
500
00:34:14,669 --> 00:34:17,785
arguing over the voices,
the alliances, and the territories...
501
00:34:17,845 --> 00:34:19,845
Even when some of their brothers
502
00:34:19,882 --> 00:34:22,670
were plunged in war
against the common enemy.
503
00:34:22,732 --> 00:34:24,831
For the enemy hasn't changed.
504
00:34:24,859 --> 00:34:26,859
Here, in Europe, and elsewhere,
505
00:34:27,150 --> 00:34:29,784
the struggle continues,
the same against the same.
506
00:34:29,890 --> 00:34:32,023
The police weren't mistaken about that.
507
00:34:32,164 --> 00:34:35,137
They weren't mistaken about it anywhere.
508
00:35:03,318 --> 00:35:07,457
Thus I imagined the
drama lived by this woman,
509
00:35:08,305 --> 00:35:11,141
the drama lived by millions
of militants across the world,
510
00:35:11,733 --> 00:35:13,733
who had given all they could give
511
00:35:13,770 --> 00:35:17,413
to something, they believed,
that was greater than them
512
00:35:17,496 --> 00:35:21,638
--and which, ultimately, drew
its grandeur from them.
513
00:35:29,520 --> 00:35:34,226
-Tell me, do the Chinese seem
to have fun at the demos?
514
00:35:34,263 --> 00:35:37,586
-The ones who try to prove the Chinese
lack humour are their newspaper editors.
515
00:35:37,657 --> 00:35:39,657
-And him, he protests by himself?
516
00:35:39,693 --> 00:35:41,693
-He prays on a street in Tokyo.
517
00:35:41,799 --> 00:35:45,218
The Japanese consider themselves happy
as the first victims of the Americans.
518
00:35:45,232 --> 00:35:46,999
It's there to be seen.
519
00:35:47,012 --> 00:35:50,164
Would one atomic bomb on
Berlin have cleared Buchenwald?
520
00:35:50,201 --> 00:35:52,201
-And there? What's that?
521
00:35:52,238 --> 00:35:55,001
-Demo in Oslo.
I arrive in Oslo.
522
00:35:55,512 --> 00:35:57,512
The Pussycats are there.
523
00:35:57,944 --> 00:36:00,524
It is the event of the day
for the young Norwegians.
524
00:36:00,607 --> 00:36:02,607
Their parents have more classical tastes.
525
00:36:03,200 --> 00:36:05,384
Everything here is luxurious, calm,
526
00:36:05,954 --> 00:36:08,691
and the complete
absence of voluptuousness.
527
00:36:08,820 --> 00:36:10,820
A well dressed military
528
00:36:10,833 --> 00:36:12,833
wearing the strange hats
529
00:36:12,916 --> 00:36:16,125
of the Saint Cyriens, who
would've waged a war of secession,
530
00:36:16,138 --> 00:36:19,219
guarding the leisure of a population
that's tranquil, rested...
531
00:36:19,719 --> 00:36:21,719
resting...
532
00:36:36,838 --> 00:36:39,116
A conformism without aggression,
533
00:36:39,825 --> 00:36:41,825
something eternally new,
534
00:36:41,908 --> 00:36:43,908
something eternally polished,
535
00:36:43,968 --> 00:36:46,510
the apparent absence
of profound troubles,
536
00:36:46,537 --> 00:36:48,714
of particular threats,
everything's smooth
537
00:36:48,742 --> 00:36:51,579
and affected,
a likeable and civilized people
538
00:36:51,632 --> 00:36:54,254
whose catchphrase is:
"Information...
539
00:36:54,278 --> 00:36:56,087
...Demonstration...
540
00:36:56,352 --> 00:36:58,352
...Cremation."
541
00:36:59,015 --> 00:37:01,862
At the top of the
Scandinavian tree is Sweden.
542
00:37:02,362 --> 00:37:04,662
At first sight, a masterpiece
of human societies,
543
00:37:04,702 --> 00:37:07,073
according to the standards of the time.
544
00:37:07,202 --> 00:37:10,077
There I met a teacher
who owned three refrigerators.
545
00:37:10,600 --> 00:37:13,877
There the relations of production
know an unrivalled harmony,
546
00:37:13,937 --> 00:37:15,886
and the proletariat bears
547
00:37:15,923 --> 00:37:19,063
only a faint resemblance to
what we ordinarily designate by it.
548
00:37:19,100 --> 00:37:21,488
Add to that some dream creatures,
549
00:37:22,017 --> 00:37:25,071
some cities,
dream cities in any case (it's true),
550
00:37:25,200 --> 00:37:28,000
Stockholm is in part
a model of urbanism,
551
00:37:28,083 --> 00:37:30,387
the most beautiful actress of all time,
552
00:37:30,424 --> 00:37:33,330
an irresistible
Nordic poetry in the air,
553
00:37:33,343 --> 00:37:36,319
and a considerable civic
education effort on the ground,
554
00:37:36,448 --> 00:37:39,247
with real nature
always in breath's reach,
555
00:37:39,318 --> 00:37:40,972
its sprightly farmers,
556
00:37:41,078 --> 00:37:44,057
the students on vacation, whom
one doesn't need to know about,
557
00:37:44,307 --> 00:37:46,154
and beyond all that,
558
00:37:46,185 --> 00:37:48,185
the most beautiful
landscapes in the world.
559
00:37:50,234 --> 00:37:53,323
One needs to look closely
at this Scandinavian man.
560
00:37:54,032 --> 00:37:55,471
He has everything
561
00:37:55,484 --> 00:37:57,484
truly everything that the nine-tenths
562
00:37:57,497 --> 00:38:00,430
of humanity doesn't dare to
imagine, even in their wildest dreams.
563
00:38:00,466 --> 00:38:02,466
It's for his standard of living that
564
00:38:02,479 --> 00:38:04,643
the Black, the Arab,
the Greek, the Siberian
565
00:38:04,663 --> 00:38:06,847
and even the Cuban
militiaman are striving.
566
00:38:06,899 --> 00:38:09,087
He has everything
the revolutions promised.
567
00:38:09,100 --> 00:38:11,100
And when one shows him some Brecht,
568
00:38:11,113 --> 00:38:13,630
--free moreover--
in the Stockholm gardens,
569
00:38:13,852 --> 00:38:15,852
he doesn't really get the message.
570
00:38:36,854 --> 00:38:38,854
-Then what do they lack?
571
00:38:38,891 --> 00:38:41,396
-In my opinion one thing,
but it's not important...
572
00:38:41,456 --> 00:38:43,456
Immortality.
573
00:38:55,829 --> 00:38:59,356
They no longer hope to embark
on the stone boats of their ancestors.
574
00:38:59,393 --> 00:39:03,801
You know, death is strange when
one no longer believes in eternal life.
575
00:39:03,815 --> 00:39:05,815
In the face of total disappearance,
576
00:39:05,828 --> 00:39:08,898
one happily becomes difficult to please.
One needs everything immediately.
577
00:39:08,911 --> 00:39:12,835
The cemetery gardens
never successfully mask this:
578
00:39:12,925 --> 00:39:16,250
their happiness doesn't
outweigh an eternal absence.
579
00:39:16,346 --> 00:39:19,034
The light boredom that
bleaches Scandinavian life:
580
00:39:19,113 --> 00:39:21,827
perhaps one comes to
accept it as eternity
581
00:39:21,877 --> 00:39:23,421
It has its charms--
582
00:39:23,527 --> 00:39:25,527
not for life, but for only one life.
583
00:39:25,578 --> 00:39:28,695
The little currency of
nothingness, that's the passion.
584
00:39:28,748 --> 00:39:31,370
Scandinavian perfection
offers a passionless happiness
585
00:39:31,383 --> 00:39:33,383
--not a human happiness.
586
00:39:33,396 --> 00:39:36,795
-Perhaps a people's cemetery
is a measure of their passion
587
00:39:36,855 --> 00:39:38,855
In the blockade cemetery, in Leningrad,
588
00:39:38,885 --> 00:39:41,355
one doesn't forget
the dead under the flowers.
589
00:39:41,413 --> 00:39:43,413
One knows the price.
590
00:39:58,072 --> 00:40:00,958
Look, it's the tomb of the son of Gorki.
591
00:40:01,898 --> 00:40:03,898
Maiakovski's.
592
00:40:04,213 --> 00:40:06,213
Tcheckhov's.
593
00:40:12,296 --> 00:40:15,379
Some of the dead
have no tomb, like those at Pompei...
594
00:40:15,392 --> 00:40:17,203
...or those of the Camps.
595
00:40:17,240 --> 00:40:20,156
And sometimes, there are
tombs that have no dead.
596
00:40:20,153 --> 00:40:22,153
("TO THE HUMAN PERSON")
597
00:40:28,672 --> 00:40:30,672
-There's a tomb I like as well.
598
00:40:32,284 --> 00:40:34,284
Webern's, in Mittersill.
599
00:40:36,985 --> 00:40:38,985
That this century's greatest musician
600
00:40:38,998 --> 00:40:42,480
was killed on his doorstep,
one evening, by an occupying military
601
00:40:42,540 --> 00:40:45,817
like that, to enforce the curfew,
602
00:40:45,923 --> 00:40:48,416
always seemed strangely under-noticed.
603
00:40:48,476 --> 00:40:52,242
There it is, a neighbour
showed me the exact spot.
604
00:40:53,321 --> 00:40:55,931
It's true--the military was American.
605
00:40:57,474 --> 00:41:00,733
I've always asked myself what would
have happened if it was Soviet.
606
00:41:01,781 --> 00:41:05,215
I think there's something of this story
in every international crisis
607
00:41:05,391 --> 00:41:07,391
But it's surely better like that.
608
00:41:07,636 --> 00:41:09,636
The destiny of Webern
609
00:41:09,673 --> 00:41:12,253
wasn't to make a hullabaloo,
even in his death.
610
00:41:12,475 --> 00:41:15,666
A man who was nothing but song
continued to be only song.
611
00:41:23,093 --> 00:41:25,760
I met a man who lived his own death.
612
00:41:25,936 --> 00:41:28,612
It was in Moscow,
during the Youth Festival.
613
00:41:28,625 --> 00:41:31,441
I thought I saw the
Hungarian head somewhere,
614
00:41:31,478 --> 00:41:34,357
foundering in a space of
distraction, absence...
615
00:41:34,467 --> 00:41:37,170
It's useless to
fabricate the suspense for you:
616
00:41:37,505 --> 00:41:41,627
it was the type the entire world saw
in the photos of gunfire in Budapest.
617
00:41:41,706 --> 00:41:45,089
We said it was the police--
they confirmed he was a soldier
618
00:41:45,162 --> 00:41:48,030
--it seems that
the difference is important.
619
00:41:48,066 --> 00:41:50,066
In short, he survived.
620
00:41:50,126 --> 00:41:52,613
Now he travels about
the popular democracies,
621
00:41:52,626 --> 00:41:55,668
distributing a little propaganda
that recounts his death.
622
00:42:12,826 --> 00:42:16,061
Sometimes one sees
this grin on their faces,
623
00:42:08,115 --> 00:42:12,326
-There are those who live with death,
who are close to it every day.
624
00:42:16,839 --> 00:42:21,482
this upside down smile that one also
sees on the heads of funerary urns.
625
00:42:22,746 --> 00:42:26,001
These urns where, for
eternity, Samuel Beckett contains
626
00:42:26,550 --> 00:42:28,550
one man and two women.
627
00:42:29,050 --> 00:42:31,050
But the game is not equal.
628
00:42:32,047 --> 00:42:35,533
Woman maintains a
particular relation with death.
629
00:42:36,430 --> 00:42:38,430
It's not because she's more courageous
630
00:42:38,851 --> 00:42:40,851
--although that's true.
631
00:42:40,894 --> 00:42:42,894
Nor more patient
632
00:42:43,036 --> 00:42:45,036
--though she's that too.
633
00:42:45,854 --> 00:42:49,410
It's perhaps because she knows
that she holds--without pride,
634
00:42:49,804 --> 00:42:51,804
oh, without pride--
635
00:42:52,304 --> 00:42:54,512
one possible response.
636
00:42:55,986 --> 00:42:58,403
In the museums' corridors,
637
00:42:58,496 --> 00:43:00,496
in the rooms,
638
00:43:00,598 --> 00:43:03,162
light and dark, of the museums,
639
00:43:03,933 --> 00:43:05,933
beneath all pretext,
640
00:43:06,294 --> 00:43:08,473
beneath all the hypocrisies,
641
00:43:09,210 --> 00:43:11,988
beneath all of the divergent forms,
642
00:43:12,624 --> 00:43:15,682
men seek only one thing,
643
00:43:16,237 --> 00:43:19,257
the response to a single question:
644
00:43:20,084 --> 00:43:22,183
all of the Desire of the world.
645
00:46:21,849 --> 00:46:23,849
-There's another space of the museum...
646
00:46:24,346 --> 00:46:26,786
He says what he means.
647
00:46:27,088 --> 00:46:29,093
-What did he write there?
648
00:46:29,112 --> 00:46:31,362
-In three languages: "life is ugly"
649
00:46:31,560 --> 00:46:33,827
"das Leben ist langweilig"
650
00:46:33,889 --> 00:46:36,675
--and I suppose, the
same thing in Swedish.
651
00:46:36,729 --> 00:46:38,332
And that there:
652
00:46:38,365 --> 00:46:40,365
"I love someone..."
653
00:46:49,007 --> 00:46:52,095
-We are a little far from
the garden by this point.
654
00:46:52,763 --> 00:46:56,462
-The important thing is not
how far it is, but that it exists.
655
00:46:56,549 --> 00:47:00,557
And that it exists through our most
irrefutable part, our animal part.
656
00:47:00,975 --> 00:47:02,975
This is not a refuge,
657
00:47:03,079 --> 00:47:06,821
it's there, it's in us, it's as
true as cruelty, or the will to live.
658
00:47:07,044 --> 00:47:09,475
There is indeed a Law of the Garden.
659
00:47:09,597 --> 00:47:11,597
It expresses itself by
very simple gestures,
660
00:47:11,769 --> 00:47:14,076
by the most simple gestures.
661
00:47:15,081 --> 00:47:18,302
It isn't the Golden Age,
it's not the Lost Paradise
662
00:47:19,534 --> 00:47:23,832
--that would be where the farmers of
Dalécarie represented the Hymn of Hymns.
663
00:47:24,358 --> 00:47:26,561
It's true that, when one looks around,
664
00:47:26,607 --> 00:47:29,601
there are horrors
and monsters, there's madness...
665
00:47:30,101 --> 00:47:32,506
But there's already...an underground,
666
00:47:33,509 --> 00:47:35,509
a clandestinity of happiness,
667
00:47:36,917 --> 00:47:38,917
a Sierra Maestra of tenderness...
668
00:47:39,846 --> 00:47:41,846
...something that advances...
669
00:47:41,892 --> 00:47:43,892
....towards us, despite us,
670
00:47:44,392 --> 00:47:47,460
thanks to us, when we have...
the grace...
671
00:47:49,423 --> 00:47:51,571
and that announces,
for we do not know when,
672
00:47:51,696 --> 00:47:54,708
the survival of the most beloved...
673
00:48:03,290 --> 00:48:06,009
If I Had 4 Camels
1966
674
00:48:10,877 --> 00:48:12,877
Voices
675
00:48:33,045 --> 00:48:35,045
A film produced by
676
00:48:37,071 --> 00:48:39,424
written and photographed by
CHRIS MARKER
677
00:48:39,571 --> 00:48:41,571
Subtitles by zerohour
56061
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