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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:05,640 Subject: An amateur photographer and two of his friends 2 00:00:05,838 --> 00:00:08,838 comment on a selection of photos from around the world. 3 00:00:13,024 --> 00:00:16,024 THE BEASTIARY Or, The Parade of Orpheus 4 00:00:20,824 --> 00:00:23,824 The Camel 5 00:00:24,404 --> 00:00:25,904 With his four camels, 6 00:00:25,924 --> 00:00:27,424 Don Pedro d'Alfaroubeira 7 00:00:27,425 --> 00:00:28,925 toured the world and admired it. 8 00:00:29,185 --> 00:00:31,185 He did what I'd like to do. 9 00:00:32,465 --> 00:00:34,666 If I Had 4 Camels 1966 10 00:00:36,865 --> 00:00:39,865 First Part THE CASTLE 11 00:00:46,985 --> 00:00:48,485 The photo is the hunt 12 00:00:49,037 --> 00:00:51,917 It's the instinct of hunting without the desire to kill 13 00:00:51,948 --> 00:00:53,987 It's the hunt of angels... 14 00:00:53,999 --> 00:00:56,307 You track, you aim, you fire and--click! 15 00:00:56,321 --> 00:00:59,053 --instead of a dead man, you make him eternal. 16 00:01:15,013 --> 00:01:16,513 And here is something more... 17 00:01:16,543 --> 00:01:20,025 ...a sculpture organizes a certain face with a certain gaze 18 00:01:20,108 --> 00:01:23,951 whose photo eternalises you with your own gaze...a circle. 19 00:01:23,975 --> 00:01:27,680 I look at myself from out of the photo that looks. 20 00:01:27,714 --> 00:01:32,029 -All in all, an inferior kind of art: the art of viewing art. 21 00:01:32,106 --> 00:01:35,763 -My brothers, art is neither inferior nor superior, it is art. 22 00:01:35,808 --> 00:01:38,380 It doesn't always have to boast, that's not its quality. 23 00:01:38,389 --> 00:01:40,666 It's like a nationality. 24 00:01:40,668 --> 00:01:43,725 A hunchbacked Chinese doesn't cease to be Chinese. 25 00:01:43,757 --> 00:01:46,166 There is life, and there is its double 26 00:01:46,202 --> 00:01:50,063 and the photo belongs to the world of the double...eh! 27 00:01:51,841 --> 00:01:55,109 Moreover it is there that there is a trap. 28 00:01:55,389 --> 00:01:57,449 By approaching some faces, 29 00:01:57,464 --> 00:02:01,464 you have the impression of sharing in the lives and deaths of their faces 30 00:02:01,543 --> 00:02:04,021 --of human faces. It's not true: 31 00:02:04,066 --> 00:02:09,386 if you participate in something, it's in the life and death of their images. 32 00:02:09,598 --> 00:02:12,195 In any case, if one can say one thing modestly 33 00:02:12,205 --> 00:02:14,205 it's that photography is a pleasure. 34 00:02:14,241 --> 00:02:18,158 The number of times people said thanks, knowing they wouldn't get the picture. 35 00:02:18,455 --> 00:02:20,627 Even in bizzare situations. 36 00:02:20,652 --> 00:02:22,652 Some hairdressers, for example. 37 00:02:22,849 --> 00:02:25,881 A boss even told her staff not to show their husbands... 38 00:02:25,895 --> 00:02:27,957 Fine, that's Paris, that's Babylon... 39 00:02:27,973 --> 00:02:32,780 But in Pyong-Yang, I began to shoot and all the ladies began to laugh... 40 00:02:32,818 --> 00:02:38,190 Then why, in Cuba, did the outdoor barbers begin to chase me, 41 00:02:38,200 --> 00:02:40,683 shouting and brandishing their scissors? That's the mystery! 42 00:02:40,700 --> 00:02:44,678 "Since these mysteries are beyond me, let's pretend we're organising them." 43 00:02:44,716 --> 00:02:47,274 That's the motto of every photograph. 44 00:02:47,340 --> 00:02:49,658 It's true, one cheats. 45 00:02:49,694 --> 00:02:53,394 Between the Arctic Circle and the bottom of the Negev, things inevitably happen. 46 00:02:53,403 --> 00:02:55,403 The sun rises, among others. 47 00:02:55,467 --> 00:03:01,042 It's like for people suddenly seized: one can't help but feel possessed, 48 00:03:01,067 --> 00:03:04,730 as if one had organized these daybreaks. 49 00:03:12,270 --> 00:03:17,244 And then, I don't know, this feeling of gathering up the world, reconciling it, 50 00:03:17,270 --> 00:03:19,770 of flattening out all the time zones... 51 00:03:19,792 --> 00:03:22,197 It must be the nostalgia for Eden. 52 00:03:22,265 --> 00:03:24,265 It's the same time everywhere. 53 00:03:24,283 --> 00:03:27,893 I can't resist the kind of film that walks you from one dawn to the next, 54 00:03:27,908 --> 00:03:31,298 saying things like, It is six o'clock on Earth, 55 00:03:31,311 --> 00:03:33,626 six o'clock at Sain-Martin Canal, 56 00:03:33,648 --> 00:03:36,190 six o'clock at the Göta Canal in Sweden. 57 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:38,226 Six o'clock in Havana. 58 00:03:38,258 --> 00:03:41,128 Six o'clock in the Forbidden City of Peking. 59 00:03:50,847 --> 00:03:52,847 The sun rises over Brussels, 60 00:03:52,873 --> 00:03:56,439 and over Prague, over Tehran, and over Berlin. 61 00:03:58,251 --> 00:04:01,295 The last passer-by of the night on the Notre-Dame square, 62 00:04:01,305 --> 00:04:04,434 and on a street in Amsterdam, the first of the day. 63 00:04:05,004 --> 00:04:08,020 Everyone is already on the English Promenade 64 00:04:08,043 --> 00:04:11,282 but only one Chinese on the Great Wall. 65 00:04:11,792 --> 00:04:16,153 The fountains of the Estonian Villa and Rome begin to flow at the same time, 66 00:04:16,182 --> 00:04:19,157 the pretty nymphs of the Piazza Esedra. 67 00:04:25,835 --> 00:04:28,856 A train enters the station at La Ciotat. 68 00:04:28,944 --> 00:04:31,452 A train arrives in Jerusalem. 69 00:04:31,952 --> 00:04:35,139 A station for a subprefecture of Jerusalem. 70 00:04:36,029 --> 00:04:38,964 The snowplow trains wait in Kiruna Station. 71 00:04:39,464 --> 00:04:42,756 The fastest train in the world leaves from a station in Tokyo. 72 00:04:42,924 --> 00:04:46,165 It passes commuter trains full of sleeping Japanese, 73 00:04:46,279 --> 00:04:49,330 already exhausted, already used up by the city. 74 00:04:52,643 --> 00:04:55,420 There are new posters in the Paris metro 75 00:04:55,778 --> 00:04:59,011 and in a cable car in Lausanne, a cabalistic sign. 76 00:05:02,405 --> 00:05:05,468 A Yugoslavian hog considers the day to come. 77 00:05:06,571 --> 00:05:11,104 In Paris, young women are presented as in a competition of idols. 78 00:05:12,970 --> 00:05:17,299 In Santiago de Cuba, open-heart surgery begins. 79 00:05:32,362 --> 00:05:36,505 Santiago de Cuba, the world's freest bodies. 80 00:05:37,240 --> 00:05:39,847 The game on the street begins. 81 00:05:39,880 --> 00:05:42,928 From the sidewalks of Santiago to those of Tel-Aviv, 82 00:05:42,953 --> 00:05:45,159 to the sidewalks of Moscow. 83 00:05:49,724 --> 00:05:53,835 In the Mosfilm Studio, Tatiana Lavrova prepares herself for shooting. 84 00:05:53,976 --> 00:05:57,943 In Havana, someone distributes "capitalist parts" 85 00:05:57,973 --> 00:06:00,616 parts taken from American or French cars. 86 00:06:00,650 --> 00:06:04,462 like this 1950 model advertised in Shanghai, which never arrived. 87 00:06:08,347 --> 00:06:10,347 A soviet dog in Moscow 88 00:06:10,657 --> 00:06:12,973 A bourgeois dog in Paris. 89 00:06:13,378 --> 00:06:17,266 A perfume store in Oslo that invokes the Nefertiti of Berlin. 90 00:06:17,969 --> 00:06:19,969 Lottery in Cuba, 91 00:06:20,192 --> 00:06:22,192 lottery in Lisbon, 92 00:06:22,313 --> 00:06:26,012 and for this Japanese, his little personal lottery: the Pachinko 93 00:06:31,429 --> 00:06:33,429 Some Chinese go to a meeting. 94 00:06:33,929 --> 00:06:35,929 Some Koreans go to a meeting. 95 00:06:36,002 --> 00:06:38,853 They pass some people who carry loads, 96 00:06:38,929 --> 00:06:40,929 frown at some boats. 97 00:06:42,109 --> 00:06:44,109 The game of the day begins. 98 00:06:44,972 --> 00:06:48,138 In all these twists, there are some who are different from others 99 00:06:48,154 --> 00:06:50,154 They are distinguished by their dress, 100 00:06:52,284 --> 00:06:55,798 and from the balconies on high in the cities, they hear an untiring voice 101 00:06:50,258 --> 00:06:52,258 by their uniform; 102 00:06:55,823 --> 00:06:59,649 that says: "One day, all of you will belong..." 103 00:07:10,556 --> 00:07:12,904 Zakrit na remont 104 00:07:13,273 --> 00:07:16,129 -"Closed for repairs." Without a doubt, this is Moscow. 105 00:07:16,142 --> 00:07:19,145 It's the building of the Sputniks and the Vostoks at the Industrial Expo 106 00:07:19,243 --> 00:07:23,293 -Those the little Koreans applauded like victories of socialism. 107 00:07:23,429 --> 00:07:26,444 -What is it now? Victories of revisionism? 108 00:07:26,465 --> 00:07:28,771 -One day there'll be Martians there, I'm sure of it. 109 00:07:28,792 --> 00:07:32,024 Waiting there, we described the giant rockets, the space stations. 110 00:07:32,037 --> 00:07:34,083 It is a fabulous place. 111 00:07:34,132 --> 00:07:37,398 -That's not New York... -No, no. 112 00:07:37,419 --> 00:07:40,614 -It's the Air Museum in Meudon, the most technological... 113 00:07:40,673 --> 00:07:42,520 What is it now? -No... 114 00:07:42,694 --> 00:07:46,792 -What is it now? The most technological, but at the other end of history. 115 00:07:46,813 --> 00:07:50,717 -The same history. -No, Nungesser and Gagarin weren't the same. 116 00:07:50,744 --> 00:07:53,587 -Oh! That's romanticism... 117 00:07:53,606 --> 00:07:55,606 -Because you were 10 at the time of Nungesser and Coli? 118 00:07:55,627 --> 00:07:58,308 -No my good friends, for a simple reason: 119 00:07:58,338 --> 00:08:02,077 because no dog has ever flown across the Atlantic. 120 00:08:02,873 --> 00:08:05,525 -What do you mean, 'revisionism'? 121 00:08:14,900 --> 00:08:18,081 -The cosmonauts, I don't know, but the pedestrians, yes. 122 00:08:11,671 --> 00:08:14,851 Is that where the cosmonauts buy their dogs? 123 00:08:18,097 --> 00:08:21,347 It's the animal market in Moscow. 124 00:08:50,828 --> 00:08:53,443 Why do I love the Russians? 125 00:08:53,457 --> 00:08:55,697 One must see it in my images, 126 00:08:55,792 --> 00:08:58,209 but it would be necessary to make them understand it... 127 00:08:58,223 --> 00:09:00,279 I'm not naïve. 128 00:09:00,995 --> 00:09:05,710 In moments of goodness or humor, 129 00:09:05,729 --> 00:09:09,428 they can applaud when a writer is imprisoned for 7 years 130 00:09:09,490 --> 00:09:12,847 because he displeased two dozen old crabs...the same people... 131 00:09:13,372 --> 00:09:17,869 ...who can play like little kids with flying wheels and water pistols. 132 00:09:18,385 --> 00:09:21,242 It was epic, the water pistols. 133 00:09:21,243 --> 00:09:23,920 In the week when they were imported, 134 00:09:23,950 --> 00:09:28,154 one couldn't ring a friend's doorbell without getting shot in the face. 135 00:09:28,283 --> 00:09:31,896 That was already a while ago. Remember, Varvara. 136 00:09:32,154 --> 00:09:35,733 That was the time of the two-seater car. [STALIN] 137 00:09:35,769 --> 00:09:39,024 One still made one's way down toward "Joseph Stalin" in a Volga 138 00:09:39,029 --> 00:09:42,170 and one winter, the chaperones of the 'little red' 139 00:09:42,191 --> 00:09:45,781 could cross Gorki Park without meeting a cop. 140 00:09:46,063 --> 00:09:49,578 There, ten thousand participants of the Youth Festival disembarked 141 00:09:49,655 --> 00:09:53,618 from a boat called Molotov when it had left Leningrad... 142 00:09:53,734 --> 00:09:56,701 ...and Baltika when it returned. 143 00:09:57,029 --> 00:09:59,767 It was still better than the water pistols. 144 00:10:00,218 --> 00:10:03,224 In the streets one saw little planetary systems: 145 00:10:03,283 --> 00:10:07,629 a stranger in the center...and the Muscovites played all around him. 146 00:10:08,473 --> 00:10:11,615 Everything that helped the Russians' preconceptions about foreigners, 147 00:10:11,632 --> 00:10:14,612 and even more, those of the foreigners about the Russians 148 00:10:14,635 --> 00:10:17,427 was already contained in that summer. 149 00:10:18,112 --> 00:10:21,157 It was the summer one first heard Moscow Nights 150 00:10:21,389 --> 00:10:23,389 by Soloviov-Sedoi, 151 00:10:23,563 --> 00:10:27,277 when millions of people discovered the kindness of the Russians, 152 00:10:27,413 --> 00:10:29,413 Russian curiosity, 153 00:10:29,760 --> 00:10:34,322 and it's strength that makes friendship there charge like a calvary... 154 00:10:35,454 --> 00:10:37,952 It was also the summer one first saw 155 00:10:37,972 --> 00:10:41,133 the girls play with the signs of a foreign coquettishness 156 00:10:42,168 --> 00:10:45,795 and for the first time since the war, the U.S. flag waved. 157 00:10:46,449 --> 00:10:51,232 It returned less innocently, two years after the American Expo of '59 158 00:10:51,904 --> 00:10:54,536 It was the great seduction. 159 00:10:54,709 --> 00:10:57,906 Abraham Lincoln married Marilyn Monroe 160 00:10:57,997 --> 00:11:00,573 and they had many little refrigerators. 161 00:11:00,984 --> 00:11:05,826 The Russians took all that very seriously, to the point of envy. 162 00:11:05,930 --> 00:11:08,539 But there was a lot more common sense than expected. 163 00:11:08,622 --> 00:11:13,192 Marian Anderson and Mickey Mouse were mobilised to jazz everyone up. 164 00:11:13,667 --> 00:11:18,742 Evidently, most men focused on cars, and most women on fashion... 165 00:11:20,200 --> 00:11:23,592 Since the Russians love books, there was a beautiful library. 166 00:11:23,752 --> 00:11:27,075 They even had The Question by Henri Alleg 167 00:11:27,111 --> 00:11:31,570 "Read my lips: It's not us Americans who would go and start a colonial war." 168 00:11:31,783 --> 00:11:34,494 The greatest site was of course 169 00:11:34,553 --> 00:11:38,543 the distribution of plastic bowls, hot out of a big machine 170 00:11:38,622 --> 00:11:41,459 --and one of the greatest perplexities, of course: 171 00:11:41,480 --> 00:11:44,061 the Contemporary Art Expo. 172 00:12:14,365 --> 00:12:17,220 I also would have liked them to see the bit of cargo on Le Coubre, 173 00:12:17,298 --> 00:12:19,699 you know, the one that exploded in the port of Havana 174 00:12:19,816 --> 00:12:24,086 to which the Cubans made a monument just by changing their perspective. 175 00:12:26,638 --> 00:12:29,729 I could launch into a great eulogy for the Russian gaze 176 00:12:30,076 --> 00:12:33,566 but if I say everything I I think, I will sound like a racist. 177 00:12:33,853 --> 00:12:37,066 It is true, however, that there is a line of sight 178 00:12:37,566 --> 00:12:39,566 as there is a life-line. 179 00:12:41,350 --> 00:12:46,038 There is not an American gaze, nor a Scandanavian gaze, nor a Black gaze 180 00:12:46,174 --> 00:12:48,174 a Jewish gaze, 181 00:12:48,233 --> 00:12:50,233 a Russian gaze... 182 00:12:51,001 --> 00:12:54,485 If I say that it's a light that shines in the poor and dies in the rich, 183 00:12:54,562 --> 00:12:56,562 I'll be roasted by the Russians. 184 00:12:56,604 --> 00:12:58,604 It's also the gaze of icons. 185 00:12:59,832 --> 00:13:01,832 Let's talk about icons... 186 00:13:01,891 --> 00:13:04,741 A people who had this painter here, this gaze there 187 00:13:04,820 --> 00:13:06,820 and resulted 188 00:13:07,416 --> 00:13:10,653 in the Tretiakov Gallery. 189 00:13:17,781 --> 00:13:21,581 All the same, it's curious that the Vikings knew of form 190 00:13:21,778 --> 00:13:24,727 and not just a useful form, a breathtaking form, 191 00:13:25,227 --> 00:13:29,446 and that the Soviet Academics didn't have the character to suspect it exists. 192 00:13:29,946 --> 00:13:33,026 It's true that now there's a kind of official pop art 193 00:13:33,334 --> 00:13:35,729 that is rather cool, but all the same... 194 00:13:37,404 --> 00:13:41,767 Me, I'd to put all the academic apologists in a big boat 195 00:13:41,893 --> 00:13:44,301 -And sink it? -No, no! 196 00:13:44,508 --> 00:13:47,507 Lead it to Cienfuegos, Cuba. 197 00:13:47,699 --> 00:13:50,513 I have a friend named Samuel Feijoo, 198 00:13:50,555 --> 00:13:53,192 he directs a school for the peasants. 199 00:14:01,607 --> 00:14:03,607 There's a sculpture of a peasant. 200 00:14:03,800 --> 00:14:05,800 He called it "Hunger," 201 00:14:05,859 --> 00:14:09,173 with the comment: hunger has no face... 202 00:14:09,310 --> 00:14:12,109 And that there: "Thinking". 203 00:14:13,179 --> 00:14:16,004 -That doesn't just apply to socialist realism. 204 00:14:16,105 --> 00:14:20,582 -Yes, it also goes for the consumers of the Mona Lisa. 205 00:14:20,699 --> 00:14:23,313 When a peasant from Dalarna pastes cut out images of cars on his bed 206 00:14:23,369 --> 00:14:25,369 because he needs them, 207 00:14:25,450 --> 00:14:29,798 it's a truer movement toward art than hanging a reproduction of a Van Gough 208 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:32,734 above an easy Lévitan. -You speak of the painter, of course. 209 00:14:32,749 --> 00:14:34,749 -Of course. 210 00:14:34,764 --> 00:14:37,748 That doesn't stop other galleries besides Tretiakov in Moscow 211 00:14:37,782 --> 00:14:41,539 from showing some Picassos and Renoir's, and admirable ones at that... 212 00:14:41,647 --> 00:14:44,169 That's where the Russians come to learn that painting exists. 213 00:14:44,669 --> 00:14:46,875 They sometimes say that they don't understand Picasso. 214 00:14:46,908 --> 00:14:51,453 But they have a way of getting him wrong in saying, "So...what?" 215 00:14:51,561 --> 00:14:53,673 ...and Picasso is forced to respond. 216 00:14:53,725 --> 00:14:57,416 Whereas three fourths of the time, he doesn't give a damn 217 00:14:57,429 --> 00:15:00,801 for the looks of approval from comprehending Parisians. 218 00:15:03,689 --> 00:15:05,689 -It causes, it causes... 219 00:15:05,760 --> 00:15:09,017 but what would he say if he was born Russian, like me? 220 00:15:09,629 --> 00:15:14,525 When he photographed a cosmetics ad, an extravagant shirt with Brigete Bardot 221 00:15:15,297 --> 00:15:17,613 Lucia Bosè and Marina Vlady, 222 00:15:18,113 --> 00:15:22,242 the Soviet version of the Vespa, or a vendor on Gorki Street, 223 00:15:22,520 --> 00:15:26,323 when he found a jazz orchestra in southern Siberia, 224 00:15:26,364 --> 00:15:28,653 or a self-service restaurant in a Moscow suburb, 225 00:15:29,508 --> 00:15:33,008 he truly raved about the Russian gaze and the Slavic soul. 226 00:15:33,508 --> 00:15:35,508 He thinks like a European. 227 00:15:36,008 --> 00:15:40,213 He thinks: thaw, elevating the standard of living, liberalization, 228 00:15:40,284 --> 00:15:42,284 comfort, 229 00:15:42,374 --> 00:15:45,835 in brief, a turn toward this consumer society 230 00:15:45,999 --> 00:15:49,501 that he condemned with sarcasms as he saw it materialize. 231 00:15:50,673 --> 00:15:54,589 Between the bourgeois who already rejoice at their black sheep 232 00:15:55,089 --> 00:15:58,937 falling back in line and the new romantic generation 233 00:15:59,119 --> 00:16:02,243 that jumps with both feet into Stalinism, 234 00:16:02,278 --> 00:16:05,497 and who dreams of an impossible 1917, 235 00:16:05,997 --> 00:16:09,805 between the Russians who have indeed earned the right to breathe a little 236 00:16:09,816 --> 00:16:12,796 and the Chinese who are cuckolding them, 237 00:16:13,296 --> 00:16:17,709 we find ourselves there, we, the sons of immigrants. 238 00:16:18,796 --> 00:16:23,101 We have learned other countries, we have learned other languages, 239 00:16:23,601 --> 00:16:26,121 and despite all of that, in our hearts there is 240 00:16:26,328 --> 00:16:28,498 an imaginary homeland 241 00:16:28,998 --> 00:16:30,998 for which we are hard to please... 242 00:16:31,156 --> 00:16:33,156 ...punctilious, unjust... 243 00:16:33,534 --> 00:16:35,534 When we go over there 244 00:16:35,594 --> 00:16:39,686 it is not to be amazed at how it resembles the West, 245 00:16:40,528 --> 00:16:43,294 it is to understand, within the dimension of a country, 246 00:16:43,614 --> 00:16:46,521 the tenderness, which we learned 247 00:16:46,986 --> 00:16:49,436 from decorated forefathers, from chatty mothers, 248 00:16:49,872 --> 00:16:51,872 and from little pig-tailed sisters. 249 00:17:01,567 --> 00:17:05,477 -But that's a little different. It's still a fashion show, 250 00:17:06,045 --> 00:17:08,717 but it's in the factory, during the break. 251 00:17:26,823 --> 00:17:28,823 -Men's fashion too? -Yes. 252 00:17:29,451 --> 00:17:33,935 Elsewhere, the women follow it closely, while the men are indifferent to it. 253 00:17:34,142 --> 00:17:36,298 -Bores! All of them! 254 00:17:36,399 --> 00:17:37,882 Do you like Moscow? 255 00:17:40,363 --> 00:17:42,805 -The fist time, I hated Moscow. 256 00:17:42,863 --> 00:17:46,698 Since it's true that, apart from the monuments it's not a city that's very... 257 00:17:46,684 --> 00:17:47,671 ...beautiful. 258 00:17:47,788 --> 00:17:49,788 And then one day everything changed. 259 00:17:50,769 --> 00:17:53,292 I understood that this city is nothing without its inhabitants. 260 00:17:53,319 --> 00:17:57,068 It's not obvious, you know, there are a lot of towns that carry on very well. 261 00:17:57,379 --> 00:18:01,039 If one doesn't just have connections, but true connections, 262 00:18:01,242 --> 00:18:05,467 Russian connections, with some Muscovites, one doesn't pass it up. 263 00:18:05,626 --> 00:18:08,386 It's like in their hot pools in the middle of the snow 264 00:18:08,424 --> 00:18:10,776 it's the encounter of two worlds, a frontier between 265 00:18:10,871 --> 00:18:12,790 summer and winter. 266 00:18:12,939 --> 00:18:15,725 Now, I love Moscow... 267 00:18:16,225 --> 00:18:18,225 ...I love... 268 00:18:18,455 --> 00:18:21,101 Also it's probably 269 00:18:21,169 --> 00:18:24,944 the only capital in the world where I can say that I love 270 00:18:25,093 --> 00:18:28,175 what remains of the rustic in the rhythm of the street. 271 00:18:28,378 --> 00:18:32,232 Dynamo Beach--it's not Coney Island, it's The Grande Jatte. 272 00:18:32,483 --> 00:18:34,483 And the metro--it's the Hall of Mirrors! 273 00:18:34,767 --> 00:18:38,610 It is also the only city where one can breathe, 274 00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:40,840 it is surrounded by gardens, by parks. 275 00:18:41,205 --> 00:18:42,724 The people go to see 276 00:18:42,954 --> 00:18:44,954 real pears, real apples, 277 00:18:45,130 --> 00:18:47,130 as we go to see Braque and Cézanne. 278 00:18:47,630 --> 00:18:51,781 Even the chess tables in Gorki park have an air of rustic festivity. 279 00:18:51,822 --> 00:18:55,880 -Say then, the Grande Jatte, the Hall of Mirrors, the ferris wheel... 280 00:18:55,948 --> 00:18:58,294 It's the nostalgia for 1900 that you love in Moscow. 281 00:18:58,319 --> 00:19:00,157 -I believe we have a myth 282 00:19:00,279 --> 00:19:03,256 of 1900 that is just the image of an epoch when people had space, 283 00:19:03,378 --> 00:19:06,182 when they had time to watch and to breathe... 284 00:19:06,682 --> 00:19:11,569 Moscow's 1900 aspect is in the lucidity of the Children’s Library engravings. 285 00:19:11,988 --> 00:19:14,154 Save that one has put the daughters of 286 00:19:14,168 --> 00:19:17,215 workers in the sleds of the models' daughters 287 00:19:37,924 --> 00:19:39,789 -Is this still Moscow? 288 00:19:39,857 --> 00:19:41,664 -No, it's a Russian monastery. 289 00:19:41,685 --> 00:19:44,549 The bell ringer was a sailor on the Potemkin 290 00:19:44,608 --> 00:19:46,413 -That's not true... 291 00:19:46,472 --> 00:19:48,357 -It certainly isn't, 292 00:19:48,378 --> 00:19:51,590 but nothing's really true in this place, starting with the monks. 293 00:20:12,761 --> 00:20:15,028 -Are there a lot of them? -No, just a handful... 294 00:20:15,643 --> 00:20:17,643 There, all that remains, 295 00:20:17,836 --> 00:20:20,838 in a refectory built for a community of several hundreds. 296 00:20:21,089 --> 00:20:24,279 Don't accuse the atheist Marxist propaganda too much: 297 00:20:24,815 --> 00:20:26,815 it's a Russian monastery, but it's not in Russia. 298 00:20:27,008 --> 00:20:29,008 It's on Mount Athos in Greece. 299 00:20:29,201 --> 00:20:32,497 And around it, the Greek monasteries are in the same decrepit state. 300 00:20:38,974 --> 00:20:40,974 I walked all morning, 301 00:20:41,417 --> 00:20:45,157 I arrived at Xeropotamou at the most hopeless hour: noon. 302 00:20:46,711 --> 00:20:50,288 Perhaps since the mid-day siesta resembles death more than sleep. 303 00:20:51,746 --> 00:20:53,746 The corridors were cold, 304 00:20:53,939 --> 00:20:55,708 I saw only one guard there, 305 00:20:55,787 --> 00:20:57,313 who immediately disappeared. 306 00:20:58,752 --> 00:21:01,916 Later, a cook offered me a handful of olives and a dried fish-- 307 00:21:01,937 --> 00:21:03,937 the usual for the community. 308 00:21:04,437 --> 00:21:07,184 Another course of beans. 309 00:21:08,316 --> 00:21:11,678 The monks sleep in their cells, the corridors were empty. 310 00:21:12,847 --> 00:21:16,227 I saw an artless painting on the wall, depicting a miracle. 311 00:21:16,727 --> 00:21:18,727 On another, 312 00:21:18,978 --> 00:21:22,498 the portrait of Metaxas, the fascist dictator who disappeared 12 years ago. 313 00:21:24,262 --> 00:21:26,262 Later, I met a young monk, 314 00:21:26,283 --> 00:21:28,973 one of the rare young monks in this empire of the elderly. 315 00:21:29,032 --> 00:21:31,032 He came from the islands. 316 00:21:31,532 --> 00:21:34,248 A hermit proposed that I join the hermitage. 317 00:21:34,327 --> 00:21:36,327 I declined. 318 00:21:36,597 --> 00:21:38,597 I saw a cat on a table. 319 00:21:39,097 --> 00:21:41,097 It was against the rules. 320 00:21:41,156 --> 00:21:43,853 The peninsula is off limits to women and female animals. 321 00:21:44,717 --> 00:21:47,123 At least when one can prohibit them... 322 00:21:47,623 --> 00:21:50,042 In fact, the rule says: 323 00:21:50,216 --> 00:21:52,216 Beardless faces are prohibited. 324 00:21:52,946 --> 00:21:55,212 There again, it seems like it's made up. 325 00:21:56,883 --> 00:21:58,883 All of the monasteries have young novices, 326 00:22:00,111 --> 00:22:03,505 but the shadow of femininity they carry is not a reduction, 327 00:22:04,005 --> 00:22:05,506 on the contrary... 328 00:22:06,408 --> 00:22:09,448 -Ah, you won't see the women fight over the Pope with umbrellas there, 329 00:22:09,488 --> 00:22:11,697 as he's represented in the Museum of Atheism in Leningrad... 330 00:22:11,701 --> 00:22:14,110 -Where one explains that there is no God in the sky, 331 00:22:14,150 --> 00:22:17,112 since the cosmonauts haven't seen him! 332 00:22:37,551 --> 00:22:41,541 But I wonder if the monks of Mt. Athos are more advanced than the cosmonauts. 333 00:22:42,587 --> 00:22:46,837 What was one of the highest sites in Europe is now a site of agony. 334 00:22:46,939 --> 00:22:49,963 Certainly, the rites continue. And the images are there. 335 00:22:50,463 --> 00:22:52,531 But the faces one encounters there 336 00:22:52,542 --> 00:22:55,313 don't resemble the Pantocrator or the glory of Christ. 337 00:22:55,372 --> 00:22:57,929 They don't even look like Christ crucified. 338 00:22:58,046 --> 00:23:00,084 But perhaps like the Christ of Gesthemane, 339 00:23:01,159 --> 00:23:03,159 like Christ abandoned... 340 00:23:12,146 --> 00:23:13,760 -It's bizarre... 341 00:23:13,858 --> 00:23:15,858 No one believes in God any more, 342 00:23:16,358 --> 00:23:19,203 but one speaks of Christ with an air of understanding. 343 00:23:19,339 --> 00:23:22,382 One cites him, one copies him, one finds resemblances of him. 344 00:23:22,997 --> 00:23:25,827 The Japanese have made a Noh about the death of Christ, 345 00:23:26,327 --> 00:23:28,327 the first Christian Noh in history. 346 00:23:29,172 --> 00:23:32,343 The missionaries are no longer burned in Japan--it's progress. 347 00:23:32,843 --> 00:23:34,843 Progress toward indifference. 348 00:23:35,937 --> 00:23:38,323 Fidel Castro wrote on the walls: 349 00:23:38,823 --> 00:23:41,484 "To betray the poor is to betray Christ." 350 00:23:42,386 --> 00:23:44,844 It also seems to be the opinion of the council. 351 00:23:45,574 --> 00:23:47,574 Christ would be useful, then, 352 00:23:47,691 --> 00:23:49,691 you'd need to have one in your home. 353 00:23:50,191 --> 00:23:52,191 "Put Christ in your happiness." 354 00:23:53,132 --> 00:23:55,596 As if, despite dispensing with belief in him, 355 00:23:55,617 --> 00:23:58,621 it was still useful for someone, for some part 356 00:23:58,658 --> 00:24:01,590 to be charged with carrying all the misery in the world. 357 00:24:02,875 --> 00:24:04,875 We live in the Castle. 358 00:24:05,150 --> 00:24:08,597 There are worse things than tyranny, than silence. 359 00:24:08,926 --> 00:24:11,569 The distance between those who have power 360 00:24:11,724 --> 00:24:13,334 and those who don't. 361 00:24:13,662 --> 00:24:15,662 The impossibility of communicating. 362 00:24:16,718 --> 00:24:18,718 The only race line... 363 00:24:19,103 --> 00:24:21,103 ...is the Castle. 364 00:24:21,469 --> 00:24:23,469 The poor live in its shadow. 365 00:24:23,873 --> 00:24:25,873 They grow there. 366 00:24:26,181 --> 00:24:28,181 And when they open their eyes, 367 00:24:28,202 --> 00:24:30,202 how will they close them again? 368 00:24:32,292 --> 00:24:34,866 -One day I saw the poor happy... 369 00:24:35,212 --> 00:24:37,768 It was in Nanterre, in the slum, 370 00:24:38,268 --> 00:24:40,268 the first day of Algerian independence. 371 00:25:27,051 --> 00:25:30,087 One instant of happiness paid for with seven years of war 372 00:25:24,223 --> 00:25:25,881 -They were happy. 373 00:25:30,469 --> 00:25:32,680 and one million deaths. 374 00:25:33,295 --> 00:25:36,630 And the following day, the Castle was still there. 375 00:25:37,130 --> 00:25:40,313 And the poor are still there, day after day. 376 00:25:40,909 --> 00:25:42,909 And day after day, 377 00:25:42,988 --> 00:25:44,988 we continue to betray them. 378 00:25:56,503 --> 00:25:58,855 ("One must not demolish the castle") 379 00:25:59,935 --> 00:26:01,935 Second Part THE GARDEN 380 00:26:12,884 --> 00:26:15,799 ("Elephant's Defence" or "Tusk") 381 00:26:21,685 --> 00:26:24,282 -How do you say "elephant" in Russian? -"Slôn" 382 00:26:24,301 --> 00:26:26,559 -"Slôn": That's obvious. 383 00:26:26,801 --> 00:26:29,612 An elephant who's been asked its name can only respond: 384 00:26:29,647 --> 00:26:31,882 "Slôn"... 385 00:26:31,893 --> 00:26:33,799 -Then all elephants are Russian. 386 00:26:33,836 --> 00:26:36,096 -The elephant of Moscow lives in a marvellous place. 387 00:26:36,156 --> 00:26:38,156 Dourov corner. 388 00:26:38,285 --> 00:26:40,285 Correct? -"Dourov" 389 00:26:40,553 --> 00:26:43,080 -Dourov was a genius who discovered 390 00:26:43,099 --> 00:26:45,748 that species-relations can be based on trust. 391 00:26:46,178 --> 00:26:49,394 A little girl spent some hours in a raccoon's cage, 392 00:26:49,395 --> 00:26:52,195 she trusted it; by the end, it did her laundry... 393 00:26:52,208 --> 00:26:55,007 -Just like family. -In public, to please her. 394 00:26:55,136 --> 00:26:57,673 The work became another form of play. 395 00:27:23,031 --> 00:27:25,031 -If I understand you well, 396 00:27:25,114 --> 00:27:27,764 you're training children for docility? 397 00:27:27,777 --> 00:27:29,916 You think trust can get you 398 00:27:29,929 --> 00:27:33,173 washer-citizens as perfect as raccoons? 399 00:27:33,210 --> 00:27:36,154 -We shot ourselves in the feet with the law of the Jungle, 400 00:27:36,173 --> 00:27:38,102 for there is also the law of the Garden. 401 00:27:38,115 --> 00:27:40,483 The Jungle is the Castle of the animals, but their garden... 402 00:27:40,545 --> 00:27:43,359 -Could equally be our model, is that it? 403 00:27:43,425 --> 00:27:46,789 -Yes, as in the theatre: Castle side, Garden side... 404 00:28:30,818 --> 00:28:32,818 -What is he doing there? -He's playing. 405 00:28:32,924 --> 00:28:34,924 He's playing with a cat. 406 00:28:34,961 --> 00:28:38,513 The cat's no longer playing. He's dead. Strangled. 407 00:28:46,841 --> 00:28:49,160 -There is a formula for the universe, 408 00:28:49,243 --> 00:28:51,243 but not for childhood. 409 00:28:51,534 --> 00:28:54,757 Nothing can explain both the kids of the rich 410 00:28:54,859 --> 00:28:56,859 and the kids of the poor. 411 00:28:56,919 --> 00:28:59,721 Neither the starving little Asians, 412 00:28:59,711 --> 00:29:02,474 nor the little Irish who beg in the streets, 413 00:29:02,511 --> 00:29:04,280 neither the little blacks, 414 00:29:04,293 --> 00:29:07,647 nor the little Persian students, nor the little Arab... 415 00:29:08,587 --> 00:29:11,142 There are no more United Children 416 00:29:11,155 --> 00:29:13,557 than there are United Nations. 417 00:29:13,817 --> 00:29:15,817 Children are first what they eat, 418 00:29:15,900 --> 00:29:18,199 and what they are taught second. 419 00:29:18,699 --> 00:29:22,895 It would be reassuring if there was a children's-land under the fatherlands, 420 00:29:23,065 --> 00:29:25,459 a class of children beneath the classes, 421 00:29:25,519 --> 00:29:27,214 or beyond, 422 00:29:27,252 --> 00:29:29,135 and if it relied on trust, 423 00:29:29,172 --> 00:29:30,778 truly. 424 00:29:30,930 --> 00:29:33,314 But children are not a country. 425 00:29:33,430 --> 00:29:35,590 At most they're a family. 426 00:29:35,675 --> 00:29:37,808 "The Great Family of Men" 427 00:29:37,874 --> 00:29:40,545 Fine, understood, man is a family. 428 00:29:40,651 --> 00:29:42,651 So were the Atrides. 429 00:29:46,048 --> 00:29:49,160 -I loved the coquettishness of the Korean workers. 430 00:29:50,355 --> 00:29:52,947 I imagined it as a new relation to work. 431 00:29:53,679 --> 00:29:57,894 I thought twice about that years later, when I re-visited the same fish cannery. 432 00:29:58,490 --> 00:30:00,605 The difference between these workers 433 00:30:00,614 --> 00:30:02,684 wasn't initially the standard of living, 434 00:30:02,696 --> 00:30:05,163 nor in this unweighable element, happiness. 435 00:30:05,173 --> 00:30:08,878 It was precisely this: a certain relation with one's work. 436 00:30:10,054 --> 00:30:12,054 Work: a weight on life, 437 00:30:12,206 --> 00:30:14,206 or a meaning given to life? 438 00:30:14,706 --> 00:30:16,706 A suffered necessity? 439 00:30:16,812 --> 00:30:18,812 Or a shared necessity? 440 00:30:19,011 --> 00:30:21,011 A burden or an ascent? 441 00:30:35,366 --> 00:30:38,319 I had asked to follow a young worker for a day. 442 00:30:38,461 --> 00:30:41,046 Naturally, I was shown the best. 443 00:30:41,189 --> 00:30:45,250 The best in study, in construction, in leisure--dreadfully boring... 444 00:30:45,287 --> 00:30:47,217 Thus, I no longer asked anything 445 00:30:47,230 --> 00:30:50,424 though it was only for myself that I tried to surprise the Korean sweetness 446 00:30:50,414 --> 00:30:53,185 and, above all, the change in these Asian women 447 00:30:53,196 --> 00:30:56,084 in whom alone all revolutions would be justified. 448 00:31:03,951 --> 00:31:05,951 The war was still everywhere nearby. 449 00:31:06,497 --> 00:31:10,504 It didn't take much to rediscover its color or provoke its echoes. 450 00:31:11,259 --> 00:31:14,305 Recollected in memories, revived by images and slogans, 451 00:31:14,805 --> 00:31:17,527 I was less amazed by finding its presence 452 00:31:18,008 --> 00:31:20,008 than by its absence-- 453 00:31:20,068 --> 00:31:22,068 in the nonchalance of a man, 454 00:31:22,545 --> 00:31:26,239 in the smile of a woman with her baby, like a distracted kangaroo, 455 00:31:26,620 --> 00:31:29,644 in the animated discussion of peasants on the curb, 456 00:31:30,074 --> 00:31:33,992 and in the wonder absolutely devoid of impartiality that I always feel with 457 00:31:34,014 --> 00:31:36,014 children who have slanted eyes. 458 00:31:45,494 --> 00:31:47,494 With the Koreans, it was also the beauty 459 00:31:48,412 --> 00:31:50,412 and the science, 460 00:31:50,796 --> 00:31:52,796 a science that goes far back, 461 00:31:52,855 --> 00:31:56,379 back to their invention of the printing press (before Gutenberg), 462 00:31:56,416 --> 00:31:58,998 armour-plating (before Potemkin), 463 00:31:59,011 --> 00:32:01,011 and their thousand ways of living or painting, 464 00:32:01,094 --> 00:32:03,094 which the Japanese have borrowed, 465 00:32:03,154 --> 00:32:06,324 with the acknowledgement for which they are known. 466 00:32:12,269 --> 00:32:15,443 I'm not playing the eternal Korea against the popular Korea. 467 00:32:15,479 --> 00:32:18,854 Its atemporal dances--I seized them at the time of their pause, 468 00:32:18,914 --> 00:32:21,910 in a factory, in a workers' club on the Pacific coast 469 00:32:22,473 --> 00:32:24,473 --in time. 470 00:32:34,224 --> 00:32:36,224 But before leaving Korea, another word. 471 00:32:37,372 --> 00:32:40,516 I left this country where I had worked, where I had friends. 472 00:32:40,825 --> 00:32:43,489 I had received a telegram greeting from them, 473 00:32:43,557 --> 00:32:48,377 some images, magazines, and tons of brochures--but not one letter. 474 00:33:00,618 --> 00:33:03,718 From Cuba, I received one. The whole world received one. 475 00:33:03,986 --> 00:33:08,135 One evening, a few of us were to keep this letter fresh in our pockets, 476 00:33:08,682 --> 00:33:12,093 at the meeting to protest the Bay of Pigs invasion. 477 00:33:13,048 --> 00:33:15,983 The stage was full of the usual stars 478 00:33:16,367 --> 00:33:19,297 and there were familiar faces in the crowd. 479 00:33:19,397 --> 00:33:24,114 I spotted one that belonged to an older woman, to whom I ascribed a militant past 480 00:33:24,226 --> 00:33:26,226 which was perhaps pure imagination 481 00:33:26,263 --> 00:33:28,028 --but all the same, 482 00:33:28,041 --> 00:33:30,041 her presence here, this evening, 483 00:33:30,309 --> 00:33:32,309 this tender expression... 484 00:33:32,855 --> 00:33:34,972 I thought she had lived a whole era 485 00:33:35,032 --> 00:33:37,215 which for us was submerged: 486 00:33:37,395 --> 00:33:38,856 1917, 487 00:33:38,986 --> 00:33:40,986 the battleship Aurore, 488 00:33:41,000 --> 00:33:44,299 the marines of Petrograd, the rising of the Tempest over Asia. 489 00:33:44,660 --> 00:33:46,660 She belonged to the only generation 490 00:33:46,674 --> 00:33:48,719 in which life advanced step by step 491 00:33:48,732 --> 00:33:51,681 with the Revolution, like a tree planted at childhood. 492 00:33:51,718 --> 00:33:54,634 A tree to which she had been passionately attentive, 493 00:33:54,647 --> 00:33:56,647 except when it came to injustice. 494 00:33:57,147 --> 00:33:59,147 One day, however, 495 00:33:59,647 --> 00:34:04,199 it was necessary to see the crimes of Stalinism and the schisms of Mao. 496 00:34:04,726 --> 00:34:06,767 The socialist world was no longer 497 00:34:06,786 --> 00:34:09,269 the place of a single fidelity and a single fraternity. 498 00:34:09,283 --> 00:34:11,283 It was necessary to face the nightmare: 499 00:34:11,342 --> 00:34:14,563 The heirs of the only two revolutions of the 20th century 500 00:34:14,669 --> 00:34:17,785 arguing over the voices, the alliances, and the territories... 501 00:34:17,845 --> 00:34:19,845 Even when some of their brothers 502 00:34:19,882 --> 00:34:22,670 were plunged in war against the common enemy. 503 00:34:22,732 --> 00:34:24,831 For the enemy hasn't changed. 504 00:34:24,859 --> 00:34:26,859 Here, in Europe, and elsewhere, 505 00:34:27,150 --> 00:34:29,784 the struggle continues, the same against the same. 506 00:34:29,890 --> 00:34:32,023 The police weren't mistaken about that. 507 00:34:32,164 --> 00:34:35,137 They weren't mistaken about it anywhere. 508 00:35:03,318 --> 00:35:07,457 Thus I imagined the drama lived by this woman, 509 00:35:08,305 --> 00:35:11,141 the drama lived by millions of militants across the world, 510 00:35:11,733 --> 00:35:13,733 who had given all they could give 511 00:35:13,770 --> 00:35:17,413 to something, they believed, that was greater than them 512 00:35:17,496 --> 00:35:21,638 --and which, ultimately, drew its grandeur from them. 513 00:35:29,520 --> 00:35:34,226 -Tell me, do the Chinese seem to have fun at the demos? 514 00:35:34,263 --> 00:35:37,586 -The ones who try to prove the Chinese lack humour are their newspaper editors. 515 00:35:37,657 --> 00:35:39,657 -And him, he protests by himself? 516 00:35:39,693 --> 00:35:41,693 -He prays on a street in Tokyo. 517 00:35:41,799 --> 00:35:45,218 The Japanese consider themselves happy as the first victims of the Americans. 518 00:35:45,232 --> 00:35:46,999 It's there to be seen. 519 00:35:47,012 --> 00:35:50,164 Would one atomic bomb on Berlin have cleared Buchenwald? 520 00:35:50,201 --> 00:35:52,201 -And there? What's that? 521 00:35:52,238 --> 00:35:55,001 -Demo in Oslo. I arrive in Oslo. 522 00:35:55,512 --> 00:35:57,512 The Pussycats are there. 523 00:35:57,944 --> 00:36:00,524 It is the event of the day for the young Norwegians. 524 00:36:00,607 --> 00:36:02,607 Their parents have more classical tastes. 525 00:36:03,200 --> 00:36:05,384 Everything here is luxurious, calm, 526 00:36:05,954 --> 00:36:08,691 and the complete absence of voluptuousness. 527 00:36:08,820 --> 00:36:10,820 A well dressed military 528 00:36:10,833 --> 00:36:12,833 wearing the strange hats 529 00:36:12,916 --> 00:36:16,125 of the Saint Cyriens, who would've waged a war of secession, 530 00:36:16,138 --> 00:36:19,219 guarding the leisure of a population that's tranquil, rested... 531 00:36:19,719 --> 00:36:21,719 resting... 532 00:36:36,838 --> 00:36:39,116 A conformism without aggression, 533 00:36:39,825 --> 00:36:41,825 something eternally new, 534 00:36:41,908 --> 00:36:43,908 something eternally polished, 535 00:36:43,968 --> 00:36:46,510 the apparent absence of profound troubles, 536 00:36:46,537 --> 00:36:48,714 of particular threats, everything's smooth 537 00:36:48,742 --> 00:36:51,579 and affected, a likeable and civilized people 538 00:36:51,632 --> 00:36:54,254 whose catchphrase is: "Information... 539 00:36:54,278 --> 00:36:56,087 ...Demonstration... 540 00:36:56,352 --> 00:36:58,352 ...Cremation." 541 00:36:59,015 --> 00:37:01,862 At the top of the Scandinavian tree is Sweden. 542 00:37:02,362 --> 00:37:04,662 At first sight, a masterpiece of human societies, 543 00:37:04,702 --> 00:37:07,073 according to the standards of the time. 544 00:37:07,202 --> 00:37:10,077 There I met a teacher who owned three refrigerators. 545 00:37:10,600 --> 00:37:13,877 There the relations of production know an unrivalled harmony, 546 00:37:13,937 --> 00:37:15,886 and the proletariat bears 547 00:37:15,923 --> 00:37:19,063 only a faint resemblance to what we ordinarily designate by it. 548 00:37:19,100 --> 00:37:21,488 Add to that some dream creatures, 549 00:37:22,017 --> 00:37:25,071 some cities, dream cities in any case (it's true), 550 00:37:25,200 --> 00:37:28,000 Stockholm is in part a model of urbanism, 551 00:37:28,083 --> 00:37:30,387 the most beautiful actress of all time, 552 00:37:30,424 --> 00:37:33,330 an irresistible Nordic poetry in the air, 553 00:37:33,343 --> 00:37:36,319 and a considerable civic education effort on the ground, 554 00:37:36,448 --> 00:37:39,247 with real nature always in breath's reach, 555 00:37:39,318 --> 00:37:40,972 its sprightly farmers, 556 00:37:41,078 --> 00:37:44,057 the students on vacation, whom one doesn't need to know about, 557 00:37:44,307 --> 00:37:46,154 and beyond all that, 558 00:37:46,185 --> 00:37:48,185 the most beautiful landscapes in the world. 559 00:37:50,234 --> 00:37:53,323 One needs to look closely at this Scandinavian man. 560 00:37:54,032 --> 00:37:55,471 He has everything 561 00:37:55,484 --> 00:37:57,484 truly everything that the nine-tenths 562 00:37:57,497 --> 00:38:00,430 of humanity doesn't dare to imagine, even in their wildest dreams. 563 00:38:00,466 --> 00:38:02,466 It's for his standard of living that 564 00:38:02,479 --> 00:38:04,643 the Black, the Arab, the Greek, the Siberian 565 00:38:04,663 --> 00:38:06,847 and even the Cuban militiaman are striving. 566 00:38:06,899 --> 00:38:09,087 He has everything the revolutions promised. 567 00:38:09,100 --> 00:38:11,100 And when one shows him some Brecht, 568 00:38:11,113 --> 00:38:13,630 --free moreover-- in the Stockholm gardens, 569 00:38:13,852 --> 00:38:15,852 he doesn't really get the message. 570 00:38:36,854 --> 00:38:38,854 -Then what do they lack? 571 00:38:38,891 --> 00:38:41,396 -In my opinion one thing, but it's not important... 572 00:38:41,456 --> 00:38:43,456 Immortality. 573 00:38:55,829 --> 00:38:59,356 They no longer hope to embark on the stone boats of their ancestors. 574 00:38:59,393 --> 00:39:03,801 You know, death is strange when one no longer believes in eternal life. 575 00:39:03,815 --> 00:39:05,815 In the face of total disappearance, 576 00:39:05,828 --> 00:39:08,898 one happily becomes difficult to please. One needs everything immediately. 577 00:39:08,911 --> 00:39:12,835 The cemetery gardens never successfully mask this: 578 00:39:12,925 --> 00:39:16,250 their happiness doesn't outweigh an eternal absence. 579 00:39:16,346 --> 00:39:19,034 The light boredom that bleaches Scandinavian life: 580 00:39:19,113 --> 00:39:21,827 perhaps one comes to accept it as eternity 581 00:39:21,877 --> 00:39:23,421 It has its charms-- 582 00:39:23,527 --> 00:39:25,527 not for life, but for only one life. 583 00:39:25,578 --> 00:39:28,695 The little currency of nothingness, that's the passion. 584 00:39:28,748 --> 00:39:31,370 Scandinavian perfection offers a passionless happiness 585 00:39:31,383 --> 00:39:33,383 --not a human happiness. 586 00:39:33,396 --> 00:39:36,795 -Perhaps a people's cemetery is a measure of their passion 587 00:39:36,855 --> 00:39:38,855 In the blockade cemetery, in Leningrad, 588 00:39:38,885 --> 00:39:41,355 one doesn't forget the dead under the flowers. 589 00:39:41,413 --> 00:39:43,413 One knows the price. 590 00:39:58,072 --> 00:40:00,958 Look, it's the tomb of the son of Gorki. 591 00:40:01,898 --> 00:40:03,898 Maiakovski's. 592 00:40:04,213 --> 00:40:06,213 Tcheckhov's. 593 00:40:12,296 --> 00:40:15,379 Some of the dead have no tomb, like those at Pompei... 594 00:40:15,392 --> 00:40:17,203 ...or those of the Camps. 595 00:40:17,240 --> 00:40:20,156 And sometimes, there are tombs that have no dead. 596 00:40:20,153 --> 00:40:22,153 ("TO THE HUMAN PERSON") 597 00:40:28,672 --> 00:40:30,672 -There's a tomb I like as well. 598 00:40:32,284 --> 00:40:34,284 Webern's, in Mittersill. 599 00:40:36,985 --> 00:40:38,985 That this century's greatest musician 600 00:40:38,998 --> 00:40:42,480 was killed on his doorstep, one evening, by an occupying military 601 00:40:42,540 --> 00:40:45,817 like that, to enforce the curfew, 602 00:40:45,923 --> 00:40:48,416 always seemed strangely under-noticed. 603 00:40:48,476 --> 00:40:52,242 There it is, a neighbour showed me the exact spot. 604 00:40:53,321 --> 00:40:55,931 It's true--the military was American. 605 00:40:57,474 --> 00:41:00,733 I've always asked myself what would have happened if it was Soviet. 606 00:41:01,781 --> 00:41:05,215 I think there's something of this story in every international crisis 607 00:41:05,391 --> 00:41:07,391 But it's surely better like that. 608 00:41:07,636 --> 00:41:09,636 The destiny of Webern 609 00:41:09,673 --> 00:41:12,253 wasn't to make a hullabaloo, even in his death. 610 00:41:12,475 --> 00:41:15,666 A man who was nothing but song continued to be only song. 611 00:41:23,093 --> 00:41:25,760 I met a man who lived his own death. 612 00:41:25,936 --> 00:41:28,612 It was in Moscow, during the Youth Festival. 613 00:41:28,625 --> 00:41:31,441 I thought I saw the Hungarian head somewhere, 614 00:41:31,478 --> 00:41:34,357 foundering in a space of distraction, absence... 615 00:41:34,467 --> 00:41:37,170 It's useless to fabricate the suspense for you: 616 00:41:37,505 --> 00:41:41,627 it was the type the entire world saw in the photos of gunfire in Budapest. 617 00:41:41,706 --> 00:41:45,089 We said it was the police-- they confirmed he was a soldier 618 00:41:45,162 --> 00:41:48,030 --it seems that the difference is important. 619 00:41:48,066 --> 00:41:50,066 In short, he survived. 620 00:41:50,126 --> 00:41:52,613 Now he travels about the popular democracies, 621 00:41:52,626 --> 00:41:55,668 distributing a little propaganda that recounts his death. 622 00:42:12,826 --> 00:42:16,061 Sometimes one sees this grin on their faces, 623 00:42:08,115 --> 00:42:12,326 -There are those who live with death, who are close to it every day. 624 00:42:16,839 --> 00:42:21,482 this upside down smile that one also sees on the heads of funerary urns. 625 00:42:22,746 --> 00:42:26,001 These urns where, for eternity, Samuel Beckett contains 626 00:42:26,550 --> 00:42:28,550 one man and two women. 627 00:42:29,050 --> 00:42:31,050 But the game is not equal. 628 00:42:32,047 --> 00:42:35,533 Woman maintains a particular relation with death. 629 00:42:36,430 --> 00:42:38,430 It's not because she's more courageous 630 00:42:38,851 --> 00:42:40,851 --although that's true. 631 00:42:40,894 --> 00:42:42,894 Nor more patient 632 00:42:43,036 --> 00:42:45,036 --though she's that too. 633 00:42:45,854 --> 00:42:49,410 It's perhaps because she knows that she holds--without pride, 634 00:42:49,804 --> 00:42:51,804 oh, without pride-- 635 00:42:52,304 --> 00:42:54,512 one possible response. 636 00:42:55,986 --> 00:42:58,403 In the museums' corridors, 637 00:42:58,496 --> 00:43:00,496 in the rooms, 638 00:43:00,598 --> 00:43:03,162 light and dark, of the museums, 639 00:43:03,933 --> 00:43:05,933 beneath all pretext, 640 00:43:06,294 --> 00:43:08,473 beneath all the hypocrisies, 641 00:43:09,210 --> 00:43:11,988 beneath all of the divergent forms, 642 00:43:12,624 --> 00:43:15,682 men seek only one thing, 643 00:43:16,237 --> 00:43:19,257 the response to a single question: 644 00:43:20,084 --> 00:43:22,183 all of the Desire of the world. 645 00:46:21,849 --> 00:46:23,849 -There's another space of the museum... 646 00:46:24,346 --> 00:46:26,786 He says what he means. 647 00:46:27,088 --> 00:46:29,093 -What did he write there? 648 00:46:29,112 --> 00:46:31,362 -In three languages: "life is ugly" 649 00:46:31,560 --> 00:46:33,827 "das Leben ist langweilig" 650 00:46:33,889 --> 00:46:36,675 --and I suppose, the same thing in Swedish. 651 00:46:36,729 --> 00:46:38,332 And that there: 652 00:46:38,365 --> 00:46:40,365 "I love someone..." 653 00:46:49,007 --> 00:46:52,095 -We are a little far from the garden by this point. 654 00:46:52,763 --> 00:46:56,462 -The important thing is not how far it is, but that it exists. 655 00:46:56,549 --> 00:47:00,557 And that it exists through our most irrefutable part, our animal part. 656 00:47:00,975 --> 00:47:02,975 This is not a refuge, 657 00:47:03,079 --> 00:47:06,821 it's there, it's in us, it's as true as cruelty, or the will to live. 658 00:47:07,044 --> 00:47:09,475 There is indeed a Law of the Garden. 659 00:47:09,597 --> 00:47:11,597 It expresses itself by very simple gestures, 660 00:47:11,769 --> 00:47:14,076 by the most simple gestures. 661 00:47:15,081 --> 00:47:18,302 It isn't the Golden Age, it's not the Lost Paradise 662 00:47:19,534 --> 00:47:23,832 --that would be where the farmers of Dalécarie represented the Hymn of Hymns. 663 00:47:24,358 --> 00:47:26,561 It's true that, when one looks around, 664 00:47:26,607 --> 00:47:29,601 there are horrors and monsters, there's madness... 665 00:47:30,101 --> 00:47:32,506 But there's already...an underground, 666 00:47:33,509 --> 00:47:35,509 a clandestinity of happiness, 667 00:47:36,917 --> 00:47:38,917 a Sierra Maestra of tenderness... 668 00:47:39,846 --> 00:47:41,846 ...something that advances... 669 00:47:41,892 --> 00:47:43,892 ....towards us, despite us, 670 00:47:44,392 --> 00:47:47,460 thanks to us, when we have... the grace... 671 00:47:49,423 --> 00:47:51,571 and that announces, for we do not know when, 672 00:47:51,696 --> 00:47:54,708 the survival of the most beloved... 673 00:48:03,290 --> 00:48:06,009 If I Had 4 Camels 1966 674 00:48:10,877 --> 00:48:12,877 Voices 675 00:48:33,045 --> 00:48:35,045 A film produced by 676 00:48:37,071 --> 00:48:39,424 written and photographed by CHRIS MARKER 677 00:48:39,571 --> 00:48:41,571 Subtitles by zerohour 56061

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