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"Truth does not belong to the order of power,
but shares an original affinity with freedom."
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00:10:11,670 --> 00:10:18,169
What is all of this?
A bus? A plane? A helicopter?
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00:10:18,270 --> 00:10:20,289
Fuck, people.
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00:10:29,630 --> 00:10:32,729
- Shit, there's someone's leg. See that?
- It's a woman.
7
00:10:32,830 --> 00:10:36,409
A woman.
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00:10:39,030 --> 00:10:40,849
Don't look. Don't look.
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00:10:40,950 --> 00:10:45,809
What the hell was that?
Was it a female pilot or what?
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00:10:45,910 --> 00:10:49,849
Shit, I don't understand any of this.
11
00:10:53,910 --> 00:10:57,609
Yesterday,
disregarding all the rules of war...
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00:10:57,710 --> 00:11:02,449
they carried out a provocative
terrorist attack on a civilian plane
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00:11:02,550 --> 00:11:09,249
a regular plane that was on the way
from Amsterdam to Malaysia.
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00:11:09,350 --> 00:11:12,569
I'm asking all of you to step aside,
behind that bus.
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00:11:13,750 --> 00:11:14,889
What are you filming?
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00:11:14,990 --> 00:11:19,289
Either you step away,
or I will talk to you in a different way.
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00:11:41,150 --> 00:11:45,209
BELLINGCAT
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00:15:33,070 --> 00:15:38,049
I live on the outskirts of Berlin,
in a terraced house.
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00:15:38,150 --> 00:15:40,969
I live here with my daughter.
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00:15:41,070 --> 00:15:45,929
I'm a single parent
and she's severely handicapped
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00:15:46,030 --> 00:15:51,649
which is why it's not possible for me
to take on a job away from home.
22
00:15:51,750 --> 00:15:58,249
I mainly work from my home
and thus have time for Bellingcat.
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00:16:01,350 --> 00:16:06,329
The problem at the time was that,
on the Russian side
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00:16:06,430 --> 00:16:10,089
we had discovered a convoy
with Buk rocket launchers
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00:16:10,190 --> 00:16:13,449
that could be seen on several videos.
26
00:16:13,550 --> 00:16:15,769
We could locate this convoy,
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00:16:15,870 --> 00:16:22,289
as it was moving from its base in Kursk
to the Ukrainian border.
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00:16:22,390 --> 00:16:29,709
Secondly, we received pictures
of a Buk rocket launcher in Donetsk.
29
00:16:29,830 --> 00:16:33,329
The question was then
whether there was a link
30
00:16:33,430 --> 00:16:39,129
between this convoy and
that Buk rocket launcher in Donetsk.
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00:16:39,230 --> 00:16:43,569
One Buk rocket launcher in the Russian
convoy stood out right away
32
00:16:43,670 --> 00:16:45,889
you can see it here,
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00:16:45,990 --> 00:16:52,049
where the numbers or digits
are partly illegible and painted over.
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00:16:52,150 --> 00:16:56,009
When you see these Buks for the first time,
they all look similar,
35
00:16:56,110 --> 00:17:02,569
but just as with cars, they get
dented and scratched, and so on,
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00:17:02,670 --> 00:17:08,769
and they then become unique.
The same goes for a Buk rocket launcher.
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00:23:52,470 --> 00:23:59,629
This software constructs a 3D model
based on the video images.
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00:24:00,150 --> 00:24:03,649
This model can then be used.
39
00:24:03,750 --> 00:24:09,529
to place yourself in this environment
through the use of virtual reality.
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00:24:09,630 --> 00:24:11,889
and see everything in 3D.
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00:24:18,830 --> 00:24:22,529
I was born in East Berlin
and I considered everything normal.
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00:24:25,190 --> 00:24:27,329
What work did I do in the DDR?
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00:24:30,430 --> 00:24:31,969
Everything?
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00:24:35,550 --> 00:24:40,729
During the last ten years,
before the Wall came down
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00:24:40,830 --> 00:24:44,809
I did office work
for the East German secret service.
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00:24:44,910 --> 00:24:48,009
I did analytical work there.
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00:24:48,110 --> 00:24:52,609
I evaluated and collated information.
48
00:24:52,710 --> 00:24:56,969
Looking back,
what I found most oppressive
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00:24:57,070 --> 00:25:00,169
was that you couldn't discuss
your work with anyone.
50
00:25:02,310 --> 00:25:07,329
The secret service wanted to know
what people thought about the state.
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00:25:07,430 --> 00:25:12,689
They wanted to know people's attitudes.
That was their main task.
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00:25:12,790 --> 00:25:15,689
What Bellingcat does,
has nothing to do with that.
53
00:25:15,790 --> 00:25:19,569
We want to know
what events have taken place.
54
00:25:19,670 --> 00:25:24,329
What has happened in crisis areas,
where reporters can't go.
55
00:25:24,430 --> 00:25:28,969
And we want to make it public,
and not keep it secret.
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00:25:29,070 --> 00:25:31,329
That is the big difference.
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00:36:28,670 --> 00:36:31,449
Suppose I place my laptop here.
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00:36:33,110 --> 00:36:39,289
That way I can show the others
what my office looks like today.
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00:36:45,910 --> 00:36:50,929
During the past year, I've been
in a different country every week
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00:36:51,030 --> 00:36:52,609
for Bellingcat.
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00:36:53,310 --> 00:36:57,329
Bellingcat's digital walls
Can be set up anywhere
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00:36:57,430 --> 00:37:01,729
whether it's here
on this hotel roof in Amman
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00:37:01,830 --> 00:37:08,949
or in the jungle of Kenya,
or at a very large lake in Kyrgyzstan.
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00:37:09,070 --> 00:37:12,569
It can be done anywhere,
and that's pretty cool.
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00:37:12,670 --> 00:37:19,909
Many Bellingcat members have a family,
a wife and children
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00:37:20,030 --> 00:37:23,289
which makes it more difficult
to make long journeys
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00:37:23,390 --> 00:37:28,289
to places like Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon
Kyrgyzstan or Colombia.
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00:37:48,670 --> 00:37:52,889
There has been an enormous
information revolution.
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00:37:52,990 --> 00:37:58,609
This war of information and access to it
have brought about great changes.
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00:37:58,710 --> 00:38:04,169
Take the most recent Gaza War
as an example.
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00:38:04,270 --> 00:38:09,849
The Israeli army had neat infographics,
showing where they had bombed.
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00:38:09,950 --> 00:38:15,249
On the opposite side there were
many people on the Gaza Strip
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00:38:15,350 --> 00:38:19,009
who had phones
and Internet connections
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00:38:19,110 --> 00:38:22,529
and in a way had their own CNN
in their hands.
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00:38:22,630 --> 00:38:27,609
They told us what was happening, that
bombs were dropping and people dying.
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00:38:27,710 --> 00:38:33,089
It has set many things in motion.
The monopoly on information is shifting.
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00:38:33,190 --> 00:38:36,889
That's why I think
that the research method we're using
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00:38:36,990 --> 00:38:42,649
to verify and analyse all those materials
as if they're pieces of a puzzle
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00:38:42,750 --> 00:38:46,169
becomes increasingly important,
because the more people do it
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the more facts will be uncovered.
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00:38:55,910 --> 00:39:03,509
Right now, I'm in a very large resort
near the Dead Sea, in Jordan.
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00:39:03,630 --> 00:39:07,809
I'm here for the tenth annual conference
of ARIJ
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00:39:07,910 --> 00:39:11,369
which is a network
of investigative journalists
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throughout the Arabic-speaking world.
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00:39:14,550 --> 00:39:20,129
I've been invited to do a workshop and
a presentation about the work we do.
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00:39:20,230 --> 00:39:23,769
That's really cool because
there are a lot of people here
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I think it's the next one.
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A lot of people from the Middle East,
from Yemen to Libya, from Egypt to Iraq.
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00:39:34,830 --> 00:39:39,129
Good morning, my name is
Christiaan Triebert from the Netherlands.
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I don't speak Arabic.
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I hope to be able to speak it in the future.
But as for now...
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On 30 October 2016, at 4:11 p.m.
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this is the first tweet I can find
about a car bomb in Iraq.
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It often goes like this.
There's a link to Facebook.
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00:41:54,790 --> 00:41:59,129
And then more people see it,
it makes the news.
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00:41:59,230 --> 00:42:04,369
People talk about it, a car bomb
that resulted in the death of 13 victims.
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00:42:04,470 --> 00:42:09,809
We see, for example, Reuters
picking this up. Reuters says:
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00:42:23,590 --> 00:42:27,569
If something is on the wire,
Reuters, Associated Press
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the international media will pick it up.
Here we have a New York Times article:
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00:42:36,030 --> 00:42:41,769
It's a solid story. We have
medical sources, IS claimed the attack.
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00:42:41,870 --> 00:42:45,769
International journalists
have been to the location
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00:42:45,870 --> 00:42:50,649
and seen there has been a car bomb.
There's still an exhaust lying there.
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00:42:50,750 --> 00:42:52,849
People are still looking at it.
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00:42:54,510 --> 00:42:58,649
This shows how important,
but also difficult, fact checking is.
105
00:43:01,270 --> 00:43:05,649
A day later
this suddenly appeared on the internet.
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00:43:11,630 --> 00:43:14,729
So, this car explodes
and there's no one nearby.
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00:43:15,950 --> 00:43:18,209
Now look at what happens.
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These people are now taken away
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from the place where
that car bomb exploded.
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00:43:43,150 --> 00:43:47,889
Maybe they're even taken
to the hospital. It's bizarre.
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00:43:49,190 --> 00:43:54,969
I spent days working on this.
Imagine doing that for every car bomb.
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00:43:55,070 --> 00:44:02,429
This is something within journalism
for which there is no time.
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00:44:02,550 --> 00:44:05,649
I fully understand it has to go
on the wire right away.
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00:44:05,750 --> 00:44:09,569
It is reported in Baghdad
and so you want it on the news
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00:44:09,670 --> 00:44:12,009
or at least,
you want to show it happened.
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00:44:12,110 --> 00:44:17,969
It's worthwhile to dig some further
and ask yourself: What is this?
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00:47:38,710 --> 00:47:43,449
Bellingcat has blamed Russia many times
for bombing Syrian civilians
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00:47:43,550 --> 00:47:46,769
although this was officially denied
by our Ministry of Defense.
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00:47:46,870 --> 00:47:51,609
This way Higgins, armchair general
and kitchen expert on everything
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00:47:51,710 --> 00:47:54,369
the former video gamer
121
00:47:54,470 --> 00:48:00,809
is using Google Earth to hand out
advice of cosmic importance.
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00:48:20,270 --> 00:48:25,649
In 2015,
there was an anonymous e-mail
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00:48:25,750 --> 00:48:31,209
to all those I work with,
my business partners, so to say.
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00:48:31,310 --> 00:48:37,729
And this e-mail stated
that I was lying and cheating.
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00:48:37,830 --> 00:48:43,649
I was said to have financial problems
and many other things that weren't true.
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00:48:43,750 --> 00:48:49,729
When you're confronted
with such a thing... I was shocked.
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00:48:49,830 --> 00:48:54,889
At the same time,
I don't worry about my safety.
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00:48:54,990 --> 00:48:58,409
I don't think they'll go that far.
It would be useless.
129
00:48:58,510 --> 00:49:02,809
Bellingcat is now so big that it
doesn't matter if I'm involved or not.
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00:54:28,950 --> 00:54:33,969
Australian Federal Police Commander
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00:54:38,510 --> 00:54:40,329
- Hello.
- Yes, good morning.
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00:54:40,430 --> 00:54:43,569
- Andrey Ivanovich.
- Hello, Fyodor Nikolayevich,
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00:54:43,670 --> 00:54:47,969
- It's Nikolay Fyodorovich. Hi there.
- Nice to hear you.
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00:56:13,830 --> 00:56:17,409
- What is your profession at this moment?
- I'm a journalist.
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00:56:17,510 --> 00:56:20,289
A journalist? For which organisation?
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00:56:20,390 --> 00:56:23,689
Right now, it's for
the military channel 'The Star'.
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00:56:23,990 --> 00:56:28,169
- I don't get it.
- For the military channel 'The Star'.
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00:56:28,270 --> 00:56:30,329
Channel 'The Star'. I see.
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00:56:37,230 --> 00:56:42,569
- I'm in Moscow at the moment.
- In Moscow. I understand.
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00:56:42,670 --> 00:56:48,449
- Do you have your professional ID card?
- Of course.
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00:56:48,550 --> 00:56:54,009
This conversation bears
a full set of characteristics.
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00:56:54,110 --> 00:56:57,169
I believe the length
and spacing are very good.
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00:56:57,270 --> 00:57:00,329
- The spacing is 2.
- That's good.
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00:57:00,430 --> 00:57:04,609
- It's highly probable that it's his voice.
- Spacing is two.
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00:58:23,990 --> 00:58:26,649
No, of course it wasn't.
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00:59:58,630 --> 01:00:04,249
We're working on a big investigation
into Mahmoud al-Werfalli.
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01:00:04,350 --> 01:00:05,929
a Libyan commander.
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01:00:06,030 --> 01:00:08,129
They say things as if they are
the best of creatures
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01:00:08,230 --> 01:00:11,169
but they are passing right through
the Islam like an arrow.
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01:00:11,270 --> 01:00:17,329
Werfalli is accused by the ICC
of extrajudicial killings
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01:00:17,430 --> 01:00:21,049
in and around the city of Benghazi
in Libya.
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01:00:21,830 --> 01:00:25,289
- God is greater.
- He who deceived you, has killed you.
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01:00:25,390 --> 01:00:27,609
- Satan had deceived him.
- What a disaster. God is greater.
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01:00:27,710 --> 01:00:30,169
- He who deceived you, has killed you.
- A crusader.
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01:00:30,270 --> 01:00:33,689
Werfalli mostly fights
in and around Benghazi
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01:00:33,790 --> 01:00:37,169
where he is fighting jihadist groups.
157
01:00:37,270 --> 01:00:44,589
He is known for having killed
many jihadist fighters.
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01:00:44,710 --> 01:00:51,669
That's the reason he is wanted
by the ICC in The Hague.
159
01:00:51,790 --> 01:00:54,449
It's about seven specific incidents
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01:00:54,550 --> 01:01:00,369
in which he orders or performs
the execution of persons
161
01:01:00,470 --> 01:01:04,369
without being preceded
by any legal process.
162
01:01:04,470 --> 01:01:11,469
On 15 August 2017 the International
Criminal Court in The Hague
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01:01:11,590 --> 01:01:13,889
issued a warrant for his arrest.
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01:02:46,270 --> 01:02:47,809
It's really bizarre.
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01:02:47,910 --> 01:02:54,489
The arrest warrant was issued
by the ICC in August 2017.
166
01:02:54,590 --> 01:02:59,609
There was an immediate reply
from the Libyan National Army:
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01:02:59,710 --> 01:03:06,569
We'll make sure he's taken into custody
and will investigate what has happened.
168
01:03:06,670 --> 01:03:13,169
That didn't happen. In fact, activists
reported he was involved with incidents.
169
01:03:13,270 --> 01:03:16,569
This went on for weeks
and then months.
170
01:03:16,670 --> 01:03:20,369
It was difficult to verify,
many unverified messages
171
01:03:20,470 --> 01:03:25,849
until, at one point,
he executed another ten men on video.
172
01:03:25,950 --> 01:03:33,349
You see him with a rifle in his left hand,
shooting those people one by one.
173
01:03:33,470 --> 01:03:39,329
If Werfalli does get arrested, he'll be
the first person we have investigated
174
01:03:39,430 --> 01:03:44,969
who would then be brought to justice.
175
01:05:10,710 --> 01:05:16,929
We're starting to get worried
about Timmi.
176
01:05:17,030 --> 01:05:23,729
It happens regularly that some team
members aren't on Slack
177
01:05:23,830 --> 01:05:28,849
because they're busy, and Timmi
makes lots of visualisations, of course.
178
01:05:28,950 --> 01:05:36,789
But, we haven't heard from him in
a long time, and we can't reach him.
179
01:05:36,910 --> 01:05:42,529
And if even Eliot gets worried...
180
01:06:14,910 --> 01:06:19,089
I've tried to call him with Hadi.
181
01:06:19,190 --> 01:06:24,369
He's not answering his phone.
So, that certainly is...
182
01:08:07,630 --> 01:08:09,489
The reason
the Boeing crashed in Ukraine
183
01:08:09,590 --> 01:08:13,569
could've been a rocket and gunfire
from an Ukrainian Su-25 fighter jet.
184
01:08:13,670 --> 01:08:17,489
An anonymous source from
Russian aviation told Interfax
185
01:08:17,590 --> 01:08:21,809
that the Ukrainian missiles may have
been meant for Vladimir Putin's plane.
186
01:08:21,910 --> 01:08:27,729
The Russian Air Force One has crossed
with the Malaysian Boeing at one point
187
01:08:38,990 --> 01:08:44,049
The JIT has carefully examined
all images from 17 and 18 July 2014
188
01:08:44,150 --> 01:08:47,529
showing the Buk-TELAR
189
01:08:47,630 --> 01:08:54,049
and has concluded that this Buk-TELAR
has many unique characteristics.
190
01:09:01,550 --> 01:09:08,049
After extensive and labour-intensive
research, involving many Buk-TELARs
191
01:09:08,150 --> 01:09:14,249
The JIT has come to the conclusion that the
Buk-TELAR that shot down flight MH17
192
01:09:14,350 --> 01:09:19,289
belongs to the
53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade
193
01:09:19,390 --> 01:09:24,889
also known as the 53rd Kursk Brigade
of the Russian Federation.
194
01:09:33,950 --> 01:09:38,489
The JIT conducts
its own independent investigation
195
01:09:38,590 --> 01:09:41,969
and the conclusion we draw
from that investigation
196
01:09:42,070 --> 01:09:45,169
must be based on legitimate
and convincing evidence
197
01:09:45,270 --> 01:09:48,009
that can stand up in a court room.
198
01:10:42,590 --> 01:10:45,569
We noticed Bellingcat from
the very start of our investigation.
199
01:10:45,670 --> 01:10:48,049
We couldn't visit the crime scene
200
01:10:48,150 --> 01:10:53,129
but in the first days tapped
conversations appeared on the Internet.
201
01:10:53,230 --> 01:10:58,609
Normally, civilians don't know about
this, but they were out on the Internet.
202
01:10:58,710 --> 01:11:04,369
There were images there, so the Internet
was very important from the very start.
203
01:11:04,470 --> 01:11:07,209
At first, we were like:
What's going on here?
204
01:11:07,310 --> 01:11:10,809
We're used to knowing more
than the public.
205
01:11:10,910 --> 01:11:14,529
And so we can investigate
in a relatively quiet way.
206
01:11:14,630 --> 01:11:19,489
Now, there were investigators
from all around the world
207
01:11:19,590 --> 01:11:24,009
and who quite quickly came up
with a possible scenario.
208
01:11:24,110 --> 01:11:26,449
That took some getting used to.
209
01:11:26,550 --> 01:11:32,609
But we quickly reacted to that, saying:
This is an opportunity, not a threat.
210
01:11:32,710 --> 01:11:34,969
We also had to go on the Internet
211
01:11:35,070 --> 01:11:38,169
and look very seriously
at what they brought to the table.
212
01:11:38,270 --> 01:11:42,129
In a short time period, we made
the shift from initial hesitation
213
01:11:42,230 --> 01:11:46,009
to deciding that this was part
of our investigation.
214
01:14:26,190 --> 01:14:31,729
Amateurs or not, they're good
at gathering information.
215
01:14:31,830 --> 01:14:37,129
But when they start to publish names,
involving such a serious case
216
01:14:37,230 --> 01:14:44,189
they take on quite a responsibility.
We've said this to them repeatedly.
217
01:14:44,310 --> 01:14:48,129
Before you accuse someone
of a role in this whole story
218
01:14:48,230 --> 01:14:53,489
you need to be sure
that you're able to prove it.
219
01:15:56,590 --> 01:15:58,369
- Good luck.
- Thanks.
220
01:17:56,830 --> 01:18:01,169
I don't think I would've been here
if it weren't for Bellingcat.
221
01:18:01,270 --> 01:18:05,769
It feels as if Bellingcat is family now.
222
01:18:05,870 --> 01:18:11,169
We give each other strength
through the investigations we do.
223
01:18:11,270 --> 01:18:15,249
Sometimes as a big group,
sometimes as individuals
224
01:18:15,350 --> 01:18:20,249
but always as a collective.
We've learned so much from each other.
225
01:18:20,350 --> 01:18:25,929
We've given each other so much
strength, energy and trust
226
01:18:26,030 --> 01:18:28,849
and created a platform together.
227
01:18:28,950 --> 01:18:33,489
I wouldn't have been at The New York
Times if it wasn't for Bellingcat.
228
01:18:33,590 --> 01:18:39,449
What I do at The New York Times,
is applying the Bellingcat method
229
01:18:39,550 --> 01:18:46,469
doing open source investigations
into a very wide range of subjects.
230
01:18:48,350 --> 01:18:54,009
At Bellingcat, everything is possible.
We can investigate anything we want to.
231
01:18:54,110 --> 01:19:00,649
At The New York Times I'm learning
how to make it accessible
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01:19:00,750 --> 01:19:04,569
for a large audience.
You really zoom in, like we do at Bellingcat.
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01:19:04,670 --> 01:19:10,369
What's nice, is that there we can publish
a report and put in everything we found.
234
01:19:10,470 --> 01:19:15,009
All the details and side steps
that are part of that investigation.
235
01:19:15,110 --> 01:19:18,729
At The New York Times
you zoom in and then out again.
236
01:19:18,830 --> 01:19:25,829
You leave out a lot of details
in the final video or article
237
01:19:25,950 --> 01:19:30,409
because it has to appeal
to a larger audience.
238
01:22:02,990 --> 01:22:08,969
Imagine, you're a citizen
of your country.
239
01:22:09,070 --> 01:22:13,889
Suddenly, there's this man
who betrays his own country.
240
01:22:13,990 --> 01:22:20,249
How would you, or any representative
of any country sitting here, view him?
241
01:22:20,350 --> 01:22:23,729
He's simply a scumbag
and that's all there is to it.
242
01:22:42,750 --> 01:22:50,549
I was in a coma for 20 days.
I suffered from meningitis.
243
01:22:50,670 --> 01:22:57,089
I slowly woke up again
and at first didn't know where I was.
244
01:22:57,190 --> 01:23:05,069
And only thanks to the support
of my family and my other daughter
245
01:23:05,190 --> 01:23:08,569
I slowly started to get better again.
246
01:23:10,230 --> 01:23:15,449
In total, I spent three months in the
hospital before I was released again.
247
01:26:45,217 --> 01:26:49,436
Since its start in 2014 Bellingcat
has grown from a couple of volunteers
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01:26:49,537 --> 01:26:52,813
to an investigation team with
10 full-time staff members
249
01:26:52,914 --> 01:26:56,410
and dozens of people contributing
to the investigations.
250
01:26:59,448 --> 01:27:04,204
The team has over 1000.000 followers
on Twitter and their website
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01:27:04,305 --> 01:27:08,493
is gaining more traction with
every case they work on.
252
01:27:11,270 --> 01:27:14,166
By regularly giving workshops
and organizing events,
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01:27:14,267 --> 01:27:17,113
they have already trained
hundreds of professionals
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01:27:17,214 --> 01:27:19,307
and citizens Bellingcat's methods.
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01:27:20,848 --> 01:27:25,948
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