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Subtitles by KRF Studio
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Tombstone, Arizona Territory, 1881
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The gunfight at the OK Corral
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is the Old West�s
most famous shootout
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and makes instant
celebrities of the combatants,
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included amongst them is a gambler
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and gunslinger known
as �Doc Holliday�
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It�s the beginning
of a legend.
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But this is where Doc Holliday�s
story really began,
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00:00:46,387 --> 00:00:49,941
here in the American south,
in the state of Georgia.
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Doc Holliday was born
John Henry Holliday,
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a descendant of two
Scots-Irish families
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that had settled
in frontier Georgia,
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soon after the American
Revolution at a time
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when much of Georgia
was still Indian territory.
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His mother�s family, the McKeys, owned
a plantation near Indian Creek, Georgia
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with hundreds of acres of cotton and
dozens of slaves to work the land.
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While John Henry�s maternal
grandparents were
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members of Georgia�s social
class of wealthy planters,
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his father�s family,
the Hollidays,
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were of more
modest circumstances.
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[Bill Dunn]: William Holliday moved
into a little community
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called Tumbling Shoals
in South Carolina.
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And from there the family moved to
different places all over the country,
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some of the family believed in
slavery, some did not
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and they chose not to go
into the southern states.
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[Narrator]: Henry Burroughs Holliday
was William�s eldest son.
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With no great estate to inherit,
Henry chose a career in the military,
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and served in the Creek Indian
and Mexican Wars.
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When he returned from the war,
he moved to Griffin, Georgia
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00:02:06,421 --> 00:02:08,387
where he met and
married Alice Jane McKey.
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Griffin was a town
full of opportunity for
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00:02:13,099 --> 00:02:15,304
an ambitious young man
like Henry Holliday.
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He took a job with a local druggist
and built his family a comfortable
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two-storey home
on Tinsley Street.
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It was in Griffin, Georgia
that Henry and
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Alice Jane Holliday�s
two children were born.
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The first, a daughter they named
Martha Eleanora, lived only six months.
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A little over a year later,
on August 14, 1851,
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the Holliday�s second child was born,
a boy named John Henry.
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He was christened in March of 1852 in
Griffin�s First Presbyterian Church.
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There was also an
adopted older brother,
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00:02:52,455 --> 00:02:56,851
a Mexican orphan boy
named Francisco Hidalgo,
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whom his father had
brought home from the
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Mexican War and raised
as a member of the family.
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00:03:06,114 --> 00:03:09,556
25 miles to the west of
Griffin were John Henry�s
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00:03:09,898 --> 00:03:11,981
paternal family in
the city of Fayetteville.
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00:03:13,849 --> 00:03:18,213
The uncle after whom John Henry was
named, John Stiles Holliday,
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00:03:18,677 --> 00:03:21,865
had gone off to the Medical
College of Georgia in Augusta,
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00:03:22,178 --> 00:03:25,489
and returned home to become
Fayetteville�s town doctor.
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Local tradition says that the
Holliday�s home in Fayetteville
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was once used as a dormitory space
for the Fayetteville Academy,
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00:03:34,493 --> 00:03:37,835
the local boarding school where a
girl named Annie Fitzgerald studied.
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[Victoria Wilcox]: Annie
lived on a big
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00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:42,889
cotton plantation in
nearby Clayton County
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and members of her family
became characters in a
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book written by one
of her descendants,
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the descendant was an Atlanta
journalist named Margaret Mitchell
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and the book she wrote
is called "Gone With The Wind",
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in which Scarlett O'Hara was said to
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have studied at the
Fayetteville Academy.
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[Narrator]: John Henry�s uncle,
Robert Kennedy Holliday,
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would marry Mary Anne Fitzgerald
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00:04:08,602 --> 00:04:13,450
making Doc Holliday and famed novelist
Margaret Mitchell kin through marriage.
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Life during those early
years was peaceful.
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00:04:17,807 --> 00:04:21,318
But tensions between the south and
the federal government were rising,
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00:04:21,987 --> 00:04:25,786
and the way of life that John Henry
had known would end abruptly
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00:04:25,986 --> 00:04:28,211
with the first shots
fired from Fort Sumter
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00:04:28,766 --> 00:04:32,766
in 1861 heralding the
start of the Civil War.
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[Gary Roberts]: And then
the war came.
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and most of the Holliday
and McKey relatives
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were suddenly in
the Confederate army
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and John Henry was left at home
with the women folk,
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as he was the youngest of
that particular family.
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[Narrator]: Back in Griffin,
ten-year-old
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John Henry�s McKey uncles
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had also enlisted
in the Confederate Army,
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00:05:03,703 --> 00:05:08,533
as had his father, Henry Holliday,
once a United States army officer,
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00:05:08,899 --> 00:05:13,318
he was made a Confederate Major
on Christmas Day of 1861.
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But his service lasted just over
a year, as he took ill during
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the Siege of Richmond, and resigned
his commission with the Army.
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While most of the Holliday family
had settled in Griffin,
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Henry and John Stiles Holliday�s
brother, Robert Holliday,
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along with his wife,
Mary Anne Fitzgerald
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and their eight children,
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had settled in the town of Jonesboro,
ten miles east of Fayetteville.
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The eldest of his children was a girl
named Martha Anne, nicknamed Mattie,
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she was said to have been
John Henry�s favorite cousin.
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She would serve as his lifelong
pen pal and some would
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later question the true
nature of their relationship.
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When the Civil War began,
Robert Holliday registered
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the deeds to his several
Jonesboro properties,
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put money in a trust for his
wife and children, and,
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like his brothers, enlisted
in the Confederate Army.
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Concerned about Sherman�s
army, Henry Holliday
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sold his house and
properties in Griffin,
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packed up his family
and bought train
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tickets on the Macon
and Western Railroad.
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Their destination would be
the little village of Valdosta.
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To John Henry, now
twelve years old, the trip
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must have seemed like
the adventure of a lifetime.
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[Gary Roberts]: Now Valdosta
was a very different
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environment than Griffin.
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It was still coming out of
the woods, so to speak,
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it was not a very big town
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the only thing that gave
it any identity at all
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was the fact that there
was a railroad through it.
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So, suddenly he's in what
amounts to a frontier community,
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it doesn't have a
great social system,
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00:07:02,512 --> 00:07:03,882
there are not a lot of
people that he knows,
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so things change for him.
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[Narrator]: Henry Holliday purchased
land at Cat Creek,
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seven miles outside
of the town of Valdosta
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and set to farming.
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There were other family
members moving south as well.
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00:07:18,270 --> 00:07:21,241
John Henry�s McKey
aunts from Griffin and
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Robert Holliday�s wife
and children from Jonesboro,
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all came to stay on Henry
Holliday�s farm at Cat Creek,
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while the men were off fighting far-away
battles on bloody battlegrounds.
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John Henry attended the local
school, the Valdosta Institute.
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[Gary Roberts]: He was popular, he was
good on the dance floor,
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he had learned all the
proper social graces.
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He was polite, and he seems to have
gotten along well with most people.
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But he also had an ornery side.
They tell a story
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that a boy challenged him to a duel.
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00:08:10,413 --> 00:08:15,637
Now all of the friends,
the people of these two boys,
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00:08:16,170 --> 00:08:18,484
assumed it was
going to be a fake duel.
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They were going to
load pistols with powder
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00:08:21,371 --> 00:08:22,308
and shoot powder at each other.
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00:08:22,508 --> 00:08:24,541
And it was just going
to be a make-believe duel.
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00:08:24,741 --> 00:08:29,408
But John Henry, they said,
showed up with a loaded revolver,
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00:08:29,608 --> 00:08:32,171
and said that he would
use his own gun for the duel.
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Well, needless to say, the other
boy backed down very quickly.
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So, he had a streak in him.
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[Narrator]: When the war ended in 1865,
John Henry�s uncles made their way home.
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For a time, it must have seemed that
life would return to normal,
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but a year after the war ended,
his mother lost her own battle,
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passing away in September
of 1866 of consumption.
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00:09:06,008 --> 00:09:08,071
In the troubled years after the end
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of the Civil war � a time
called �Reconstruction�
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00:09:10,940 --> 00:09:13,707
with martial law and
Federal soldiers stationed
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00:09:14,327 --> 00:09:16,539
in southern towns,
there was opportunity.
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00:09:16,739 --> 00:09:20,350
Henry Holliday, setting aside
his Confederate loyalty,
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00:09:20,550 --> 00:09:23,749
signed an oath of allegiance
to the Federal government,
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00:09:23,949 --> 00:09:27,106
and took advantage of the
situation by becoming
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00:09:27,582 --> 00:09:29,262
an agent for the
Freedman�s Bureau
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to oversee the redistribution of land
as the old plantations were broken up
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and the former slaves were made
land-owning tenant farmers.
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With his new position and work in town,
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Henry moved his family from
the Cat Creek farm to Valdosta.
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As the Union troops began
to move into the area,
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a young man named Dick Force,
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who had been a Confederate
soldier at Gettysburg
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would become a casualty
of the tensions in the town.
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When 103rd United States Colored
Infantry took over Valdosta,
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there was friction.
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00:10:07,691 --> 00:10:11,251
Dick Force was arrested
for assaulting a freedman.
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Four hours later, he escaped
and decided to go to a party,
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00:10:15,751 --> 00:10:18,089
when Union troops showed
up to re-arrest him,
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00:10:18,289 --> 00:10:23,926
Dick resisted and was shot,
he died of his wounds four hours later.
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[Gary Roberts]: And so, they had
what amounted to a local hero
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and Doc Holliday looked
up to this young man.
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00:10:35,155 --> 00:10:37,269
Who wasn't that much older than Doc.
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00:10:37,469 --> 00:10:42,084
And so, when you consider
that that's happening,
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00:10:42,495 --> 00:10:44,881
in conjunction with a
couple of other things,
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Like, for example, the fact
that his own father
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00:10:48,303 --> 00:10:51,033
becomes the head of
the Freedman's Bureau,
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00:10:51,720 --> 00:10:57,917
Doc resented that, then his mother dies,
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and then three or four months
later his father marries
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00:11:03,893 --> 00:11:08,231
again to a young woman
who was a neighbor
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00:11:08,741 --> 00:11:11,251
and very much younger
than his father.
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Well all of these things
increased the friction
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00:11:15,226 --> 00:11:17,650
that he had with his father.
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[Narrator]: An attempt to blow
up the courthouse
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00:11:20,566 --> 00:11:22,124
in Valdosta was discovered
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00:11:22,324 --> 00:11:24,891
and several local boys were suspected.
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00:11:25,091 --> 00:11:26,730
[Gary Roberts]: I don�t think
it was a real
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00:11:26,814 --> 00:11:29,204
attempt they were just showing off,
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00:11:29,404 --> 00:11:31,789
a bunch of boys showing off when a guy
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00:11:32,256 --> 00:11:34,292
who was running for
Congress came through
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00:11:34,583 --> 00:11:37,516
and there was a small explosion.
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00:11:40,404 --> 00:11:49,030
but several people were arrested and
John Henry was sent away to Jonesboro
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00:11:49,230 --> 00:11:57,214
during this time, so one of the
things that�s happening here
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00:11:57,414 --> 00:12:00,113
is that there�s this growing
estrangement with his father
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00:12:00,313 --> 00:12:03,596
and he�s thinking I need to
get away from this place
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00:12:03,796 --> 00:12:09,754
and another of the
new arrivals in Valdosta,
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00:12:09,954 --> 00:12:12,462
was a dentist named Frink,
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00:12:12,662 --> 00:12:15,122
Frink was again a Confederate veteran
189
00:12:15,322 --> 00:12:17,330
someone that he could relate to
190
00:12:17,530 --> 00:12:20,474
he began to talk to him
about becoming a dentist.
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00:12:20,674 --> 00:12:25,261
He also had the opportunity to talk to
his Uncle John Stiles Holliday
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00:12:25,461 --> 00:12:27,008
who was a physician.
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00:12:27,208 --> 00:12:31,360
So in 1870, he makes the decision
to go away to school
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00:12:31,560 --> 00:12:34,808
and I think everybody thought it
was a good thing for him to get away,
195
00:12:35,008 --> 00:12:38,164
and go to dental school in Philadelphia.
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00:12:39,680 --> 00:12:42,474
[Narrator]: For John Henry,
going to dental school
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00:12:42,935 --> 00:12:44,399
meant leaving the
south for the first time.
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00:12:44,941 --> 00:12:47,304
He took the train from
Valdosta to Savannah,
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00:12:47,574 --> 00:12:50,220
and then boarded a ship
to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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00:12:50,420 --> 00:12:53,350
The city must have
seemed enormous to him.
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00:12:53,550 --> 00:12:56,572
With a population of nearly
three-quarters of a million,
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00:12:56,772 --> 00:12:59,412
Philadelphia was the second
largest city in the country.
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00:12:59,612 --> 00:13:04,124
Compared to it, Atlanta with its twenty
thousand was just a town,
204
00:13:04,324 --> 00:13:07,210
and Valdosta, with three
hundred residents,
205
00:13:07,596 --> 00:13:09,430
little more than a country village.
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00:13:12,845 --> 00:13:16,211
Located in a five-story building at the
corner of Filbert and Twelfth Street,
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00:13:16,411 --> 00:13:19,210
the Pennsylvania College
of Dental Surgery was
208
00:13:19,356 --> 00:13:21,335
one of the best dental
schools in the country.
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00:13:23,009 --> 00:13:27,287
John Henry faced a challenging academic
schedule of classes six days a week.
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00:13:27,487 --> 00:13:29,355
But it wasn�t all work for him.
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00:13:29,555 --> 00:13:32,545
Tall, thin and ash-blonde,
he was a handsome young man
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00:13:32,745 --> 00:13:36,443
free for the first time of the confines
of his conservative upbringing
213
00:13:36,643 --> 00:13:39,705
and in a city that had much to
offer for a young bachelor.
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00:13:39,905 --> 00:13:43,955
Philadelphia had its share
of gambling dens,
215
00:13:44,727 --> 00:13:47,056
saloons, and brothels of
which he likely visited.
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00:13:49,688 --> 00:13:51,120
He was apparently a gifted student.
217
00:13:52,132 --> 00:13:53,216
By the time his first term ended,
218
00:13:53,416 --> 00:13:56,291
he had become adept
at the academic knowledge,
219
00:13:56,491 --> 00:13:58,099
and practical training of dentistry.
220
00:13:58,299 --> 00:14:01,599
Although the college
held a spring session,
221
00:14:01,799 --> 00:14:03,544
he returned to Valdosta
222
00:14:04,091 --> 00:14:07,109
where he spent the next eight
months working with Dr Frink.
223
00:14:10,205 --> 00:14:14,438
In September 1871, John Henry
returned to Philadelphia
224
00:14:14,638 --> 00:14:18,513
with much valuable experience that
equipped him for the second year
225
00:14:18,713 --> 00:14:22,574
during which he developed his
thesis �Diseases of the Teeth�.
226
00:14:23,068 --> 00:14:25,034
Each of the other requirements were met
227
00:14:25,103 --> 00:14:29,261
and John Henry was scheduled
to graduate on March 1, 1872.
228
00:14:29,707 --> 00:14:33,112
But, qualification for graduation
required that the candidate
229
00:14:33,312 --> 00:14:34,960
be twenty-one years of
age and he was
230
00:14:35,651 --> 00:14:38,914
still five months short
of turning twenty-one.
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00:14:40,197 --> 00:14:42,867
An opportunity presented itself
when one of his classmates,
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00:14:43,067 --> 00:14:46,621
A. Jameson Fuches Jr
was returning to his
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00:14:47,183 --> 00:14:49,397
home state of Missouri
to practice in St. Louis.
234
00:14:49,966 --> 00:14:53,872
Fuches opened an office on Fourth Street
and John Henry joined him there.
235
00:14:55,576 --> 00:14:57,366
St. Louis was a hardy, bawdy place.
236
00:14:57,566 --> 00:15:00,485
Near Fusches� office was
a theatre and a saloon.
237
00:15:00,685 --> 00:15:03,094
One of the employees there was a woman
238
00:15:03,294 --> 00:15:04,900
who went by the name of Kate Fisher.
239
00:15:06,350 --> 00:15:12,886
Born Mary Katharine Harony in Pest,
Hungary on November 7, 1850,
240
00:15:13,086 --> 00:15:15,705
Kate was the first of seven children.
241
00:15:15,905 --> 00:15:19,813
Her family immigrated to the
United States in or around 1860
242
00:15:20,013 --> 00:15:24,099
and settled in Davenport, Iowa
among a colony of Hungarians.
243
00:15:24,299 --> 00:15:27,506
Kate abandoned her family
after her parents� death,
244
00:15:27,706 --> 00:15:29,422
changed her name to Kate Fisher,
245
00:15:29,622 --> 00:15:34,286
and was likely working as a prostitute
when John Henry arrived in St Louis.
246
00:15:38,241 --> 00:15:40,286
The nature of the relationship
between John Henry
247
00:15:40,486 --> 00:15:44,470
and Kate Fisher at this
time remains a mystery.
248
00:15:44,670 --> 00:15:49,137
Later in life, Kate recalled that
his stay in St. Louis was brief,
249
00:15:49,337 --> 00:15:53,736
he left in the summer of 1872
and returned to Georgia.
250
00:15:53,936 --> 00:15:56,528
[Victoria Wilcox]: Home for John Henry
now would be Atlanta
251
00:15:56,728 --> 00:15:59,542
where he would be practicing
with Dr Arthur C Ford
252
00:15:59,742 --> 00:16:02,823
who was the past president of
the Georgia Dental Association.
253
00:16:03,023 --> 00:16:05,334
[Narrator]: After a few months
of work in Atlanta,
254
00:16:05,534 --> 00:16:07,685
John Henry was on the move again,
255
00:16:08,353 --> 00:16:10,582
this time back to his
hometown of Griffin
256
00:16:10,782 --> 00:16:13,793
to register the deed to
his inheritance property
257
00:16:14,446 --> 00:16:16,628
known as the iron-front building.
258
00:16:18,175 --> 00:16:23,374
By the summer of 1873, he had sold
his inheritance and left Griffin.
259
00:16:23,574 --> 00:16:26,816
[Victoria Wilcox]: The popular story
is that Holliday went West
260
00:16:27,016 --> 00:16:30,562
because he was diagnosed with a fatal
case of the lung disease consumption
261
00:16:30,762 --> 00:16:32,562
shortly after he finished dental school
262
00:16:32,762 --> 00:16:35,686
and was told he had only
three or four months to live
263
00:16:35,886 --> 00:16:40,155
if he didn�t move to the high, dry
plains of the American West,
264
00:16:40,355 --> 00:16:43,655
and so he packed his bags
and he went to Dallas, Texas.
265
00:16:43,855 --> 00:16:47,792
Where he quickly got tired of dentistry
and became a gambling gunfighter.
266
00:16:47,992 --> 00:16:50,079
There's some problems with that story.
267
00:16:50,279 --> 00:16:53,082
Dallas, Texas, as anybody who
has ever been there knows,
268
00:16:53,282 --> 00:16:58,111
is neither high, nor dry, it's
just as humid as Atlanta.
269
00:16:58,311 --> 00:17:02,032
And that very year that he was
there, it had just been closed down
270
00:17:02,232 --> 00:17:05,233
by a Yellow Fever epidemic and was
271
00:17:05,736 --> 00:17:07,306
actually famous in the
newspapers at the time
272
00:17:07,732 --> 00:17:10,765
as being the second least healthy
place in the United States to live.
273
00:17:10,965 --> 00:17:16,798
[Narrator]: What made John Henry leave
Georgia and his family behind?
274
00:17:16,998 --> 00:17:19,655
It may have been his desire to escape
275
00:17:20,209 --> 00:17:22,547
the pall of a winter
of family tragedies.
276
00:17:22,747 --> 00:17:25,684
His uncle, Robert Holliday,
Mattie�s father,
277
00:17:26,314 --> 00:17:29,926
died on Christmas Eve of 1872.
278
00:17:32,427 --> 00:17:36,554
One month later, John Henry�s
adopted half-brother,
279
00:17:37,071 --> 00:17:42,136
Francisco Hildago,
died of consumption.
280
00:17:49,699 --> 00:17:53,536
Or it could have been that his desire
to leave was a matter of the heart
281
00:17:54,259 --> 00:17:56,428
for it was rumored that
John Henry was
282
00:17:56,825 --> 00:18:00,484
in love with his cousin,
Mattie Holliday.
283
00:18:01,831 --> 00:18:03,005
[Gary Roberts]: There may be
something to that.
284
00:18:03,205 --> 00:18:05,615
They had been very
close their whole lives
285
00:18:06,613 --> 00:18:08,878
and remained close
throughout his life.
286
00:18:10,296 --> 00:18:16,636
Even after she became a nun she
kept his letters which was very unusual,
287
00:18:16,836 --> 00:18:21,100
the biggest problem,
if this is the case,
288
00:18:21,300 --> 00:18:28,246
was that while first cousins marrying
was very common in 19th century life,
289
00:18:28,446 --> 00:18:33,034
it was not common among
Catholics and she was Catholic.
290
00:18:33,912 --> 00:18:37,001
[Narrator]: Yet another
possibility, as was
291
00:18:37,196 --> 00:18:39,433
later noted by Bat Masterson and others,
292
00:18:39,633 --> 00:18:43,037
is that his leaving Georgia had
to do with a deadly shooting
293
00:18:43,237 --> 00:18:47,868
that was said to have taken place
near the family�s property in Valdosta
294
00:18:48,068 --> 00:18:50,435
when John Henry encountered
a group of black youths
295
00:18:50,635 --> 00:18:53,129
swimming in the family�s water hole.
296
00:18:55,547 --> 00:18:57,731
[Gary Roberts]: Now there
are several versions,
297
00:18:58,191 --> 00:19:02,912
one says that they were
told to leave and they didn�t
298
00:19:03,112 --> 00:19:06,316
and that Doc fired into
them and killed several.
299
00:19:06,536 --> 00:19:09,998
Another version says that
they were told to leave
300
00:19:10,645 --> 00:19:14,514
and they became defiant
and Doc killed one of them.
301
00:19:14,714 --> 00:19:20,380
and the other says that Doc didn�t kill
anybody but fired over their heads.
302
00:19:20,580 --> 00:19:27,474
Even that was still tricky
during Reconstruction,
303
00:19:27,951 --> 00:19:29,414
that might get you in trouble.
304
00:19:29,614 --> 00:19:30,422
Even during Reconstruction.
305
00:19:31,817 --> 00:19:34,865
I�m inclined to believe
that it�s a combination,
306
00:19:35,065 --> 00:19:40,366
I think the reason Doc
came back to Valdosta
307
00:19:42,097 --> 00:19:46,647
was because he had
contracted consumption
308
00:19:47,778 --> 00:19:48,975
and was concerned about that,
309
00:19:51,523 --> 00:19:54,470
he may have been in love with Mattie
310
00:19:54,670 --> 00:19:56,511
and saw that that was going nowhere.
311
00:19:56,711 --> 00:20:00,266
And then he gets home, when he
gets home he's an angry young man.
312
00:20:00,466 --> 00:20:07,690
And he goes out on the river,
and he sees this situation
313
00:20:07,890 --> 00:20:08,890
and he fired into the group.
314
00:20:09,090 --> 00:20:17,695
Now, his uncle, Tom McKey, said
that he fired over their heads,
315
00:20:17,895 --> 00:20:21,364
but what would you expect
Tom McKey to say?
316
00:20:21,564 --> 00:20:24,765
So, it could have been
that he killed someone.
317
00:20:24,965 --> 00:20:29,185
[Narrator]: In the summer of 1873,
John Henry left Georgia for Texas.
318
00:20:29,385 --> 00:20:35,017
Whatever demons were chasing
him followed him out West.
319
00:20:38,387 --> 00:20:40,523
John Henry ended
up in Dallas, Texas,
320
00:20:41,582 --> 00:20:43,252
a railroad boomtown
on the Trinity River.
321
00:20:45,153 --> 00:20:47,065
[Patrick Allitt]: At the end of
the Civil War, there
322
00:20:47,228 --> 00:20:50,656
was a great pentup enthusiasm
for Western development,
323
00:20:51,186 --> 00:20:54,714
it had been going on very rapidly
particularly since the 1840s.
324
00:20:54,914 --> 00:20:58,989
The California Gold Rush of 1849 had
lead a huge number of people to the West
325
00:20:59,189 --> 00:21:01,026
and so had the settlement
of the Willamette
326
00:21:01,592 --> 00:21:03,294
Valley in Oregon,
which was the cause
327
00:21:04,122 --> 00:21:06,319
of the creation of the
Oregon Trail in the 1840s.
328
00:21:06,549 --> 00:21:08,543
This migration went on
through the 1850s,
329
00:21:09,020 --> 00:21:11,078
was interrupted by
the Civil War, but then
330
00:21:11,338 --> 00:21:13,988
resumed again at full speed as
soon as the fighting had finished.
331
00:21:14,188 --> 00:21:18,048
During the Civil War, Congress had
passed the Homestead Act in 1862,
332
00:21:18,310 --> 00:21:22,968
which gave settlers the
right to acquire title to
333
00:21:23,527 --> 00:21:26,001
a 160-acre farm simply
by settling there,
334
00:21:26,274 --> 00:21:27,751
and farming it for five years.
335
00:21:27,951 --> 00:21:30,695
And so tens of thousands
of people moved to
336
00:21:31,096 --> 00:21:33,694
the Great Plains in order to
set up farms for themselves.
337
00:21:33,894 --> 00:21:35,214
Homestead farms.
338
00:21:37,114 --> 00:21:38,331
[Narrator]: It may have
been the offer of
339
00:21:38,597 --> 00:21:40,593
a dental partnership
that drew him to Dallas,
340
00:21:40,793 --> 00:21:43,760
as he soon went into practice
with Dr. John Seegar,
341
00:21:43,960 --> 00:21:45,517
a former Georgian who had lived
342
00:21:45,981 --> 00:21:47,946
near the Holliday
family in Fayetteville.
343
00:21:49,834 --> 00:21:51,465
Dallas was still rough around the edges,
344
00:21:51,665 --> 00:21:54,118
with a muddy main street
lined with saloons
345
00:21:54,711 --> 00:21:56,456
and crowded with herds
of cows and pigs
346
00:21:56,656 --> 00:21:57,660
being driven to market.
347
00:21:58,367 --> 00:22:00,234
But there was also a
new brick courthouse,
348
00:22:01,401 --> 00:22:03,025
two theatres and several hotels.
349
00:22:03,544 --> 00:22:09,167
In October 1873, the city
hosted the Texas state fair.
350
00:22:10,068 --> 00:22:14,016
The dental practice of Seegar & Holliday
entered the Scientific Exhibition
351
00:22:14,216 --> 00:22:17,548
with samples of dental work
in gold, porcelain and ivory.
352
00:22:17,748 --> 00:22:22,394
They won three blue ribbons
and a fifteen dollar cash prize.
353
00:22:25,226 --> 00:22:27,677
John Henry attended
the local Methodist Church
354
00:22:27,877 --> 00:22:30,284
and took part in meetings
for the Temperance League
355
00:22:30,484 --> 00:22:32,688
fighting against public drunkenness.
356
00:22:32,888 --> 00:22:38,553
But his days as a respectable
professional man did not last long.
357
00:22:41,384 --> 00:22:43,315
[Victoria Wilcox]: Within a year of
John Henry's arrival in
358
00:22:43,759 --> 00:22:45,490
Dallas he had separated
from his dental partner,
359
00:22:45,966 --> 00:22:48,526
Dr. John Seegar and
the firm of Seegar &
360
00:22:49,029 --> 00:22:51,953
Holliday was dissolved by
mutual consent, the paper said.
361
00:22:52,471 --> 00:22:54,351
And that Dr. Holliday
would be responsible
362
00:22:54,842 --> 00:22:56,305
for the two debts
against the practice.
363
00:22:56,505 --> 00:22:59,772
[Narrator]: After the dissolution,
John Henry opened his own practice
364
00:22:59,972 --> 00:23:02,162
in a rented space above
the Dallas County Bank
365
00:23:02,362 --> 00:23:06,836
and he soon returned to the saloons
and gambling houses of Dallas.
366
00:23:08,721 --> 00:23:11,755
Although the Old West has a
reputation for wide open gambling,
367
00:23:11,955 --> 00:23:14,576
in most western towns it was against
368
00:23:15,097 --> 00:23:17,602
the law to gamble in a
house of �spiritus liquors�
369
00:23:17,802 --> 00:23:19,510
---meaning a saloon.
370
00:23:19,710 --> 00:23:23,400
The saloon keepers solved the
problem by having one room for drinking
371
00:23:23,600 --> 00:23:25,374
and another room for cards.
372
00:23:25,574 --> 00:23:28,254
But as the sporting men,
as they were called,
373
00:23:28,454 --> 00:23:31,695
tended to drift from one room
to another with drinks
374
00:23:31,895 --> 00:23:35,300
and poker chips in their hands,
the legal line was easily crossed.
375
00:23:35,500 --> 00:23:38,875
[Gary Roberts] He was arrested
for gambling
376
00:23:40,516 --> 00:23:42,938
and a month later again
arrested for gambling.
377
00:23:44,199 --> 00:23:47,316
So, he leaves Dallas and
goes to Denison, Texas.
378
00:23:47,516 --> 00:23:50,372
[Narrator]: The north Texas
town of Denison
379
00:23:51,624 --> 00:23:53,805
was along the Red River
that bounded the Indian Nation.
380
00:23:54,005 --> 00:23:58,001
The town was still prospering,
in spite of the Depression,
381
00:23:58,599 --> 00:24:01,060
thanks to the newly invented
refrigerated rail cars
382
00:24:01,260 --> 00:24:05,234
that shipped out butchered beef from
Texas to hungry markets in the east.
383
00:24:05,434 --> 00:24:07,098
Denison was the packing point,
384
00:24:07,298 --> 00:24:10,935
bringing an influx of workers and
the sporting men that followed them.
385
00:24:12,386 --> 00:24:14,405
Holliday opened a dental
practice in Denison,
386
00:24:14,605 --> 00:24:16,923
and likely spent time in the saloons and
387
00:24:17,489 --> 00:24:20,189
gambling halls in the muddy
ravine called Skiddy Street
388
00:24:20,467 --> 00:24:22,790
�the first �Skid Row� in the country.
389
00:24:24,028 --> 00:24:27,159
But by the fall, Denison was hit by
the same economic depression
390
00:24:27,359 --> 00:24:29,286
that had crippled the
rest of the country,
391
00:24:29,486 --> 00:24:32,959
and the packing plant and the
railroad shipping came to a halt.
392
00:24:34,355 --> 00:24:37,946
Without a paying clientele,
John Henry�s practice dried up as well,
393
00:24:38,146 --> 00:24:40,253
and he headed back to Dallas.
394
00:24:42,816 --> 00:24:44,889
He arrived in time to
celebrate the holidays
395
00:24:45,089 --> 00:24:48,256
and get himself involved in a
New Year�s Day shootout
396
00:24:48,456 --> 00:24:50,328
with a bartender named
Charlie Austin
397
00:24:50,807 --> 00:24:53,416
who went by the nickname
�Champagne Charlie�
398
00:24:54,024 --> 00:24:55,752
for the popular song of the time.
399
00:24:56,144 --> 00:24:58,167
The song was lighthearted,
400
00:24:58,658 --> 00:25:01,071
and so was the report
in the Dallas papers:
401
00:25:01,271 --> 00:25:04,166
�Dr Holliday and Mr Austin,
a saloon-keeper,
402
00:25:04,366 --> 00:25:07,672
relieved the monotony of
the noise of fire-crackers
403
00:25:07,872 --> 00:25:10,719
by taking a couple of shots at
each other yesterday afternoon.
404
00:25:10,919 --> 00:25:13,767
The cheerful note of the
peaceful six-shooter
405
00:25:13,967 --> 00:25:15,685
is heard once more among us.
406
00:25:15,885 --> 00:25:18,717
Both shooters were arrested.�
407
00:25:18,917 --> 00:25:21,419
But the law didn�t take
the event so lightly,
408
00:25:21,619 --> 00:25:26,007
and John Henry found himself in
jail and in court once again,
409
00:25:26,207 --> 00:25:29,544
charged with assault with
intent to commit murder.
410
00:25:29,744 --> 00:25:34,399
The penalty for a guilty verdict was
two to twenty years in the state prison.
411
00:25:34,599 --> 00:25:37,345
He was found not guilty
of the assault charge.
412
00:25:37,545 --> 00:25:41,430
He plead guilty to the gambling
charge and paid a $10 fine.
413
00:25:43,839 --> 00:25:49,579
[Gary Roberts]: Eventually he feels it�s
in his best interest to leave Dallas.
414
00:25:49,779 --> 00:25:53,945
[Narrator]: Now known as �Doc� Holliday,
he settled into Fort Griffin,
415
00:25:54,145 --> 00:25:56,858
which was located 100
miles west of Dallas.
416
00:25:57,058 --> 00:26:01,527
It was considered one of the
wildest places in all of the Old West,
417
00:26:01,727 --> 00:26:05,645
built on a high bluff between
the West fork of the Trinity River
418
00:26:05,845 --> 00:26:08,239
and the Clear Fork of the Brazos river,
419
00:26:08,439 --> 00:26:13,492
the town kept watch
over the Plains Indians
420
00:26:13,535 --> 00:26:15,535
and the buffalo hunt
and cattle trails.
421
00:26:15,577 --> 00:26:18,986
Fort Griffin had a lively saloon
culture and when a new sheriff
422
00:26:19,186 --> 00:26:21,627
was sent over from the town
of Albany to clean it up,
423
00:26:21,827 --> 00:26:24,445
the name of J.H.
Holliday was among
424
00:26:24,961 --> 00:26:27,011
the list of gamblers
on the arrest warrant.
425
00:26:27,931 --> 00:26:30,888
Doc was soon to encounter
an old acquaintance.
426
00:26:31,088 --> 00:26:34,577
If their relationship in St Louis
remains to question,
427
00:26:34,777 --> 00:26:38,630
it was not so in Fort Griffin
for it was here
428
00:26:38,830 --> 00:26:42,360
that Kate Fisher almost
certainly became his mistress.
429
00:26:43,884 --> 00:26:45,354
[Victoria Wilcox]: According to
Kate�s memoirs,
430
00:26:45,778 --> 00:26:46,878
Holliday travelled south
431
00:26:47,078 --> 00:26:49,570
to the Rio Grande to the
border town of Eagle Pass
432
00:26:49,770 --> 00:26:53,561
and then he crossed over the river
to the Mexican city of Nuevo Laredo
433
00:26:53,761 --> 00:26:57,388
where he did some dentistry for the
commandant of the Mexican presidio.
434
00:26:57,588 --> 00:27:00,577
It seems strange to think
of Holliday in Mexico,
435
00:27:00,777 --> 00:27:03,095
but the language may not
have been a problem for him
436
00:27:03,295 --> 00:27:06,735
because he was raised with the
Mexican orphan boy Francisco Hidalgo
437
00:27:06,935 --> 00:27:09,105
in his home and so we
believe he spoke Spanish.
438
00:27:11,922 --> 00:27:13,230
[Narrator]: But the ride to Mexico would
439
00:27:13,726 --> 00:27:15,786
have been long and arduous
for a healthy person,
440
00:27:15,986 --> 00:27:19,379
and down-right brutal for
someone suffering from consumption.
441
00:27:19,579 --> 00:27:22,158
Why would Doc have taken such a journey?
442
00:27:22,358 --> 00:27:26,855
The trip to Mexico may
have had to do with a story
443
00:27:27,055 --> 00:27:30,824
later told by Bat Masterson
whose account of Doc�s life,
444
00:27:31,024 --> 00:27:35,066
while flawed, is generally
believed to be reliable.
445
00:27:35,266 --> 00:27:39,062
Bat claimed that Doc killed a
black soldier at Jacksonboro.
446
00:27:39,262 --> 00:27:44,023
No such event was reported in either
the papers or the records of the time,
447
00:27:44,223 --> 00:27:47,614
but an incident did
occur at Fort Griffin that
448
00:27:48,033 --> 00:27:50,394
might well have been the
shooting Masterson recalled.
449
00:27:51,775 --> 00:27:57,934
On the night of March 3, 1876, Private
Jacob Smith, a Buffalo Soldier,
450
00:27:58,134 --> 00:28:01,071
who was �absent without
authority� from
451
00:28:01,374 --> 00:28:04,486
Fort Griffin was shot and
killed by an unknown party.
452
00:28:04,686 --> 00:28:07,345
The unknown assailant
was never arrested,
453
00:28:07,545 --> 00:28:10,940
but Doc fled Fort Griffin around
the time of the shooting,
454
00:28:12,055 --> 00:28:14,603
this time using an alias
to hide his identity.
455
00:28:14,803 --> 00:28:17,427
He ended up in Denver, Colorado,
456
00:28:17,627 --> 00:28:22,076
hiding behind the name of his
mother�s brother, Tom McKey.
457
00:28:22,276 --> 00:28:25,802
He took a job using that
name as a faro dealer
458
00:28:27,025 --> 00:28:30,470
for gambling hall owner Charley Foster
in Babb�s Variety House.
459
00:28:30,670 --> 00:28:32,133
[Victoria Wilcox]: Doc Holliday
wasn�t just writing letters
460
00:28:32,333 --> 00:28:34,902
and dealing Faro cards in
Denver, however.
461
00:28:35,102 --> 00:28:38,506
According to another old story
he was also getting into some trouble
462
00:28:38,706 --> 00:28:40,375
with a fellow gambler named Bud Ryan.
463
00:28:40,575 --> 00:28:42,613
According to this story, he and Ryan got
464
00:28:42,780 --> 00:28:44,630
into a dispute and he
took out a huge knife
465
00:28:44,830 --> 00:28:48,583
and about beheaded Bud Ryan
and killed him.
466
00:28:48,783 --> 00:28:53,749
However, Bud Ryan was still alive years
later as he recounted the story himself
467
00:28:53,949 --> 00:28:57,164
and amazingly considered himself
one of Doc Holliday�s friends.
468
00:28:59,500 --> 00:29:01,364
[Narrator]: After months of
hiding out as Tom McKey,
469
00:29:01,564 --> 00:29:06,819
Doc had returned to Dallas by
January 1877 where he may have thought
470
00:29:07,019 --> 00:29:09,537
to make another try at
life as a professional man.
471
00:29:09,737 --> 00:29:12,097
Instead, he found himself quickly
472
00:29:12,534 --> 00:29:15,118
arrested again on a series
of gambling charges.
473
00:29:15,318 --> 00:29:19,499
The city, it seemed, was cleaning
itself up and becoming respectable.
474
00:29:21,433 --> 00:29:24,642
But there were friendlier towns
that actually welcomed sporting men,
475
00:29:24,842 --> 00:29:29,189
like Breckenridge, newly established
and celebrating its first birthday
476
00:29:29,389 --> 00:29:31,693
with wide-open gambling games.
477
00:29:31,893 --> 00:29:34,874
But for Doc, it wasn�t
quite friendly enough.
478
00:29:35,074 --> 00:29:38,012
[Victoria Wilcox]: According to a story
in a Fort Worth newspaper,
479
00:29:38,212 --> 00:29:40,182
Holliday got into an altercation with
480
00:29:40,652 --> 00:29:43,099
a gambler in the town
of Breckenridge, Texas.
481
00:29:43,988 --> 00:29:47,215
The gambler's name was Henry Khan
and according to the story,
482
00:29:47,443 --> 00:29:48,802
Holliday pulled a cane and hit him
483
00:29:49,052 --> 00:29:51,604
and Khan pulled a gun and shot Holliday.
484
00:29:51,833 --> 00:29:53,973
We don�t know which man was
in the right or the wrong,
485
00:29:54,173 --> 00:29:55,583
We don�t even know what
they were fighting about
486
00:29:55,783 --> 00:29:57,867
or whether they were both
just drunk and disorderly.
487
00:29:58,067 --> 00:30:01,022
But the newspaper went on to
say that Holliday had been killed
488
00:30:01,222 --> 00:30:02,549
and Khan disappeared from town.
489
00:30:02,749 --> 00:30:05,375
We know their report
is at least a little bit
490
00:30:05,821 --> 00:30:07,507
inaccurate because of
course Holliday was still alive
491
00:30:07,707 --> 00:30:09,069
and he actually returned back to
492
00:30:09,628 --> 00:30:11,672
Dallas where he was
quickly arrested again
493
00:30:12,097 --> 00:30:13,622
on more gambling charges.
494
00:30:16,681 --> 00:30:18,190
[Narrator]: Perhaps seeing
the writing on the wall,
495
00:30:18,390 --> 00:30:21,772
he left Dallas once and for
all and headed west again,
496
00:30:21,972 --> 00:30:25,139
back to the town of Fort Griffin
where he met a man
497
00:30:25,339 --> 00:30:28,866
who would change his life
from outlaw to legend.
498
00:30:34,151 --> 00:30:38,544
Upon his arrival in Fort Griffin
at the end of summer in 1877,
499
00:30:38,744 --> 00:30:43,867
Doc checked into the Occidental Hotel
and opened an account at Smith�s bar.
500
00:30:44,067 --> 00:30:48,706
Within a week, he�d amassed
a liquor bill of $120,
501
00:30:48,906 --> 00:30:52,327
while spending just over
$20 for his room and meals.
502
00:30:52,527 --> 00:30:57,665
In late September, as cattle driving
season was winding down,
503
00:30:57,865 --> 00:31:00,246
Fort Griffin became a sleepy town.
504
00:31:00,446 --> 00:31:02,561
In search of business and sport,
505
00:31:02,761 --> 00:31:06,175
Doc left the town and
in his company was Kate
506
00:31:06,375 --> 00:31:11,151
who by this time had changed her
name from Kate Fisher to Kate Elder.
507
00:31:11,351 --> 00:31:14,480
Kate later recalled that they
508
00:31:14,923 --> 00:31:17,059
travelled through south
and southwest Texas.
509
00:31:17,259 --> 00:31:21,806
They stopped briefly at Loredo,
then moved up river to Eagle Pass,
510
00:31:22,006 --> 00:31:23,972
where Kate says they
stayed for three months.
511
00:31:24,172 --> 00:31:27,351
From Eagle Pass, they moved on to
512
00:31:27,771 --> 00:31:29,857
San Antonio where they
stayed for a few weeks,
513
00:31:30,910 --> 00:31:36,019
before eventually returning to Fort
Griffin in the early spring of 1878.
514
00:31:39,920 --> 00:31:44,232
Thirty year old Wyatt Earp was
already a seasoned gambler and lawman
515
00:31:44,432 --> 00:31:47,945
when he met Doc Holliday
in Fort Griffin in 1878.
516
00:31:48,145 --> 00:31:51,930
He had lived in and traveled
through several states,
517
00:31:52,130 --> 00:31:53,722
been arrested for horse theft,
518
00:31:53,922 --> 00:31:56,419
escaped custody, and had joined
519
00:31:56,732 --> 00:31:58,987
the Marshall�s office
three years earlier.
520
00:31:59,187 --> 00:32:02,870
He was passing through Fort Griffin
when he met Doc for the first time.
521
00:32:03,070 --> 00:32:07,657
The details and circumstances of
their first meeting are lost to time,
522
00:32:07,857 --> 00:32:10,164
and Wyatt would not
stay long in Fort Griffin,
523
00:32:10,364 --> 00:32:12,559
but he and Doc would
soon meet again.
524
00:32:17,176 --> 00:32:19,673
Front Street, Dodge City, Kansas: the
525
00:32:20,157 --> 00:32:21,643
end of the trail for the
Texas cattle drives.
526
00:32:21,854 --> 00:32:27,189
From late spring until late summer,
Dodge City was filled with weary
527
00:32:27,389 --> 00:32:31,762
cowboys with trail pay in their
pockets, looking for some fun.
528
00:32:31,962 --> 00:32:35,533
And some of them were looking
for relief from toothaches as well.
529
00:32:37,959 --> 00:32:40,806
Doc and Kate arrived
in the summer of 1878
530
00:32:41,006 --> 00:32:43,888
and took rooms together
in the Dodge House Hotel,
531
00:32:44,088 --> 00:32:47,503
where Holliday also set
out his dental tools again.
532
00:32:47,703 --> 00:32:51,068
His new practice was announced
in the Dodge City Times
533
00:32:51,396 --> 00:32:56,339
�J.H. Holliday, dentist,
very respectfully
534
00:32:56,830 --> 00:33:00,640
offers his professional services
to the citizens of Dodge City
535
00:33:00,840 --> 00:33:02,596
and surrounding country
during the summer.
536
00:33:02,796 --> 00:33:05,979
Office at room number 24 Dodge House.
537
00:33:06,179 --> 00:33:10,704
Where satisfaction is not given
money will be refunded.�
538
00:33:14,274 --> 00:33:17,128
Doc seems to have behaved
himself in Dodge City,
539
00:33:17,328 --> 00:33:21,569
his name did not show up in the press
or in the police court records.
540
00:33:21,769 --> 00:33:25,435
[Gary Roberts]: It was one of the
more peaceful times in his life.
541
00:33:25,635 --> 00:33:35,497
And there�s a persistent story and
one which I believe because Wyatt Earp
542
00:33:35,697 --> 00:33:39,853
always insisted upon it that there was
an incident involving a group of cowboys
543
00:33:40,053 --> 00:33:43,225
and that Doc Holliday
came to Wyatt Earp�s
544
00:33:43,671 --> 00:33:46,876
assistance and saved
his life in the process.
545
00:33:47,076 --> 00:33:49,222
That�s what Wyatt always
said and there are a
546
00:33:49,899 --> 00:33:52,879
couple of incidents that fit the bill
in the records in Dodge City.
547
00:33:55,285 --> 00:33:57,867
Dodge was a place where
Doc stayed out of trouble,
548
00:33:58,067 --> 00:34:01,866
but it was not good to him as
far as his health was concerned
549
00:34:02,066 --> 00:34:06,025
that Kansas High plains winters
and so forth were not
550
00:34:06,621 --> 00:34:09,139
good for his consumption and
so he eventually left there.
551
00:34:09,339 --> 00:34:11,490
And moved to New Mexico.
552
00:34:11,690 --> 00:34:15,534
[Narrator]: They arrived at the old
plaza in Las Vegas, New Mexico.
553
00:34:15,734 --> 00:34:18,451
And checked into the newly
built Hot Springs Hotel.
554
00:34:18,651 --> 00:34:21,910
Las Vegas was a sleepy Spanish town
555
00:34:22,553 --> 00:34:24,743
about to boom with the
coming of the railroad.
556
00:34:24,943 --> 00:34:27,991
But it was the water, not the
rails that drew him to the town.
557
00:34:28,191 --> 00:34:32,616
In nearby Gallinas Canyon was
the Montezuma Hot Springs,
558
00:34:32,816 --> 00:34:35,483
famous for centuries
for its healing waters.
559
00:34:40,904 --> 00:34:43,208
[Gary Roberts]: Las Vegas
was a rough town.
560
00:34:43,408 --> 00:34:45,510
it had a group that was
known as the
561
00:34:45,738 --> 00:34:48,500
Dodge City gang that more
or less ran things there
562
00:34:49,250 --> 00:34:50,917
and there were lots of shady characters.
563
00:34:51,201 --> 00:34:54,809
And one of them was a young
man named Billy Leonard.
564
00:34:55,009 --> 00:35:04,194
Now Billy, like Doc, was a consumptive,
they both had tuberculosis.
565
00:35:04,394 --> 00:35:09,868
And that was something that
may have drawn them together.
566
00:35:12,633 --> 00:35:15,448
[Narrator]: Doc�s friendship with Billy
Leonard would come back to haunt him.
567
00:35:15,648 --> 00:35:19,071
But for now, he had other
adventures in store,
568
00:35:19,271 --> 00:35:22,555
like a return to Dodge City
in the spring of
569
00:35:22,996 --> 00:35:27,194
1879 likely at the request
of Bat Masterson.
570
00:35:27,394 --> 00:35:30,330
[Victoria Wilcox]: Bat Masterson was
sheriff in Ford County Kansas,
571
00:35:30,727 --> 00:35:32,080
home of Dodge City and
572
00:35:32,395 --> 00:35:34,611
the Atchison, Topeka and
Santa Fe Railroad
573
00:35:34,811 --> 00:35:38,944
and the railroad hired him to put
together its private army Dodge City
574
00:35:39,144 --> 00:35:42,211
was the gathering place and
soon gunmen from all over the west
575
00:35:42,411 --> 00:35:44,251
were coming together
there to get ready to
576
00:35:44,674 --> 00:35:47,012
go out and defend what they
considered their own railroad.
577
00:35:47,624 --> 00:35:49,242
And Doc Holliday was one of those
578
00:35:49,745 --> 00:35:51,612
shooters who went to
work for the Santa Fe.
579
00:35:54,517 --> 00:35:56,202
[Narrator]: They were to defend
the Santa Fe Railroad�s
580
00:35:56,586 --> 00:35:59,460
right-of-way through the Royal
Gorge of the Colorado.
581
00:36:00,535 --> 00:36:04,413
The Royal Gorge is a 10 mile
long, 1200 foot deep
582
00:36:04,995 --> 00:36:07,557
gash in the granite mountains
of southern Colorado.
583
00:36:07,815 --> 00:36:10,831
Carved by the Arkansas River,
the gorge was
584
00:36:11,342 --> 00:36:13,092
once the wintering grounds
for the Ute Indians.
585
00:36:14,547 --> 00:36:16,831
The 1877 discovery of silver
and lead in nearby
586
00:36:17,777 --> 00:36:21,269
Leadville prompted a race to
build rail access to the area,
587
00:36:22,319 --> 00:36:24,118
with two railroads
competing for the narrow
588
00:36:24,690 --> 00:36:26,943
canyon, there was only
room for one set of rails,
589
00:36:27,905 --> 00:36:30,437
so both sent armed guards, resulting in
590
00:36:31,180 --> 00:36:35,336
a confrontation known
as the �Royal Gorge War�.
591
00:36:37,306 --> 00:36:41,021
The war came to nothing more than
a few standoffs and a few shots fired
592
00:36:41,221 --> 00:36:44,555
before the Federal courts stepped
in to end the hostilities.
593
00:36:44,755 --> 00:36:48,384
Doc had been part of the force that
held the roundhouse at Pueblo
594
00:36:48,584 --> 00:36:52,073
before Bat Masterson announced
the legal end to the conflict.
595
00:36:56,746 --> 00:37:00,053
In July 1879, Doc was back in Las Vegas
596
00:37:00,253 --> 00:37:04,256
in time to celebrate another
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe victory
597
00:37:04,456 --> 00:37:08,392
�the completion of the rail line from
Colorado down into New Mexico,
598
00:37:08,592 --> 00:37:11,547
heading toward its
namesake city of Santa Fe.
599
00:37:12,914 --> 00:37:16,474
With the arrival of the railroad the
personality of Las Vegas changed
600
00:37:16,674 --> 00:37:20,780
from a sleepy Spanish town
to a rowdy railroad boomtown,
601
00:37:20,980 --> 00:37:23,428
and Holliday must have
seen an opportunity.
602
00:37:23,628 --> 00:37:27,413
He bought some property on
Centre Street near the railroad depot
603
00:37:27,613 --> 00:37:29,434
and opened a tent saloon,
604
00:37:29,634 --> 00:37:31,715
then contracted with a local carpenter
605
00:37:31,915 --> 00:37:35,462
to turn his tent into a more
permanent wood structure.
606
00:37:37,747 --> 00:37:39,573
[Victoria Wilcox]: ]: Of course, Doc was
in trouble with the law again
607
00:37:39,773 --> 00:37:42,042
because Las Vegas had laws just like all
608
00:37:42,558 --> 00:37:44,928
western towns did against
operating gambling games
609
00:37:45,130 --> 00:37:50,463
in houses of "spirituous liquors" so he
just did what other business men did
610
00:37:50,663 --> 00:37:54,017
and paid the fines and went right
on operating his gambling games
611
00:37:54,217 --> 00:37:57,206
he also had arrests
for carrying a deadly
612
00:37:57,904 --> 00:37:59,428
weapon which was
also part of business
613
00:37:59,802 --> 00:38:00,584
in a saloon.
614
00:38:00,784 --> 00:38:05,378
Because a saloon-owner was expected to
police his own business and had to be
615
00:38:05,578 --> 00:38:07,770
armed to protect his
patrons from violence.
616
00:38:08,427 --> 00:38:14,372
On the night of July 19, 1879, Doc
got into a shootout with Mike Gordon,
617
00:38:14,572 --> 00:38:16,518
reported to be a mean drunk.
618
00:38:16,718 --> 00:38:20,958
Bat Masterson later recounted that
Doc shot Mike Gordon dead
619
00:38:21,158 --> 00:38:23,529
after Gordon fired
shots into Doc�s saloon.
620
00:38:23,729 --> 00:38:25,660
Doc wasn�t charged with the murder
621
00:38:25,860 --> 00:38:30,028
but would again be arrested for
gambling and carrying a deadly weapon.
622
00:38:30,228 --> 00:38:33,931
The case was dismissed, but he
soon after surrendered his saloon
623
00:38:34,131 --> 00:38:36,323
to his liquor wholesaler in
settlement of accounts
624
00:38:36,523 --> 00:38:37,870
and left Las Vegas.
625
00:38:38,070 --> 00:38:41,870
It may have been a visit from
his old friend, Wyatt Earp,
626
00:38:42,070 --> 00:38:45,459
passing through town that made Doc
pack up and take to the trail again,
627
00:38:45,659 --> 00:38:48,560
this time headed to Prescott, Arizona.
628
00:38:53,721 --> 00:38:57,579
Massive Thumb Butte dominates
the skyline over the city of Prescott
629
00:38:57,779 --> 00:39:01,538
in the pine-scented Bradshaw
Mountains of central Arizona.
630
00:39:01,738 --> 00:39:06,218
When Doc Holliday and Wyatt Earp
arrived there in 1879,
631
00:39:06,418 --> 00:39:09,148
Prescott was the new capital
of the Arizona Territory,
632
00:39:09,348 --> 00:39:13,566
and already famous for its politicians
and a street called �Whiskey Row�.
633
00:39:16,845 --> 00:39:19,300
Wyatt wasn�t the first
Earp to try out Prescott.
634
00:39:19,500 --> 00:39:22,663
His older brother, Virgil,
had arrived the year before
635
00:39:22,863 --> 00:39:25,562
and was running a sawmill
in the shadow of Thumb Butte.
636
00:39:25,762 --> 00:39:29,464
He had also been recently appointed
a deputy United States Marshal,
637
00:39:29,664 --> 00:39:32,881
and was making plans to move
to Tombstone along with Wyatt.
638
00:39:35,275 --> 00:39:37,351
But Doc seemed to favor Prescott
639
00:39:37,551 --> 00:39:41,142
and he turned down Wyatt�s
invitation to travel on to Tombstone.
640
00:39:41,342 --> 00:39:44,794
It might have been Whiskey Row
that tempted him to stay,
641
00:39:44,994 --> 00:39:48,670
with its famous saloons, like
the Palace, and its gaming halls.
642
00:39:48,870 --> 00:39:52,005
Or it may have been a quarrel
with his mistress, Kate Elder,
643
00:39:52,205 --> 00:39:56,420
who left him and moved on alone
to the mining camp of Globe.
644
00:39:56,620 --> 00:39:58,292
So Doc was single again,
645
00:39:58,492 --> 00:40:01,021
and took a room with a
politician named John Gosper �
646
00:40:01,221 --> 00:40:05,847
who happened to be the Acting
Governor of the Arizona Territory.
647
00:40:10,421 --> 00:40:14,701
Holliday and Gosper might have
seemed an unlikely pair of associates,
648
00:40:14,901 --> 00:40:20,515
the one-time Texas outlaw and the head
of the Arizona Territorial government.
649
00:40:20,715 --> 00:40:24,050
But Holliday�s Southern
heritage and his professional
650
00:40:24,885 --> 00:40:26,983
training made him more
than Gosper�s equal.
651
00:40:28,207 --> 00:40:30,842
So, in spite of his past troubles, Doc
652
00:40:31,529 --> 00:40:33,147
found himself back in
good company at last,
653
00:40:34,232 --> 00:40:37,834
and living next door to the wealthy
merchant William Buffum,
654
00:40:38,157 --> 00:40:41,226
one of the leading men in
the Territorial Legislature.
655
00:40:41,587 --> 00:40:46,375
But as with most towns,
Doc had soon had
656
00:40:47,559 --> 00:40:52,941
enough of Prescott and
moved on to Tombstone.
657
00:40:57,198 --> 00:41:02,084
The Tombstone mining district sits atop
a mesa in the San Pedro River valley.
658
00:41:02,284 --> 00:41:06,564
This was the land of the
Apaches led by Chief Cochise
659
00:41:06,764 --> 00:41:09,222
and the warrior Geronimo.
660
00:41:09,422 --> 00:41:14,447
Although claimed by the United States
as part of the Gadsden Purchase in 1853,
661
00:41:14,647 --> 00:41:18,103
it was still a no-man�s
land for white settlers.
662
00:41:18,303 --> 00:41:23,271
At least until prospector Ed Scheffelin
came along, searching for silver.
663
00:41:27,099 --> 00:41:31,513
By September 1879, Doc had
arrived in Tombstone.
664
00:41:31,713 --> 00:41:33,877
[Gary Roberts]: There is a little
bit of a question
665
00:41:34,628 --> 00:41:35,990
as to why he moved on to Tombstone,
666
00:41:36,656 --> 00:41:42,379
the most common one is that he decided
finally to check out what was going on
667
00:41:43,459 --> 00:41:44,320
and he went down on his own.
668
00:41:45,141 --> 00:41:47,056
There are a couple of
other possibilities.
669
00:41:47,256 --> 00:41:49,900
One is that he was
invited by Wyatt Earp.
670
00:41:50,100 --> 00:41:52,837
And there is another
that he was part of
671
00:41:53,340 --> 00:41:56,630
a group of people who
showed up in Tombstone
672
00:41:57,149 --> 00:42:00,594
about the same time, that included
people like Bat Masterson
673
00:42:00,994 --> 00:42:06,175
and William H. Harris and others
who all had Dodge City connections.
674
00:42:06,375 --> 00:42:14,211
The problem was that there was a
gambler�s war going on in Tombstone.
675
00:42:14,411 --> 00:42:20,016
The Dodge City
establishment was generally
676
00:42:20,526 --> 00:42:22,554
referred to the
well-established gamblers
677
00:42:23,245 --> 00:42:25,062
were mostly "Easterners"
they were called
678
00:42:25,712 --> 00:42:28,523
although Eastern
is relative you know
679
00:42:29,375 --> 00:42:33,144
but they included people
like Richard Clark
680
00:42:35,211 --> 00:42:37,434
and Robert Winders and others
681
00:42:37,775 --> 00:42:40,491
that were friends of the Earps.
682
00:42:40,691 --> 00:42:46,156
And they were challenged
by a group of gamblers
683
00:42:46,728 --> 00:42:52,184
who came out of
California and other places
684
00:42:52,812 --> 00:42:54,118
but they were known as the "Slopers".
685
00:42:54,932 --> 00:42:56,565
so there is this rivalry between
686
00:42:57,114 --> 00:43:00,124
the Slopers and the
Easterners and several
687
00:43:00,637 --> 00:43:05,914
well-known Dodge City people happened
to come to Tombstone about that time.
688
00:43:07,470 --> 00:43:09,498
[Narrator]: The heart of the
Tombstone story has to
689
00:43:10,100 --> 00:43:11,688
do with the quarrel between
the Earps and their friends
690
00:43:12,430 --> 00:43:14,690
and the group that was
known as the Cowboys.
691
00:43:14,955 --> 00:43:18,543
The Cowboys were mostly rustlers
who lived in the outlying
692
00:43:18,743 --> 00:43:20,332
areas of Cochise county.
693
00:43:20,532 --> 00:43:23,662
They had been there before
the town was established
694
00:43:23,862 --> 00:43:28,010
and they had a fairly lucrative
business stealing cattle in Mexico
695
00:43:28,210 --> 00:43:30,282
and bringing them up into Arizona
696
00:43:30,910 --> 00:43:32,944
to sell to the Army and
the Indian agencies.
697
00:43:34,360 --> 00:43:36,814
[Gary Roberts]: There was friction
between the Earps
698
00:43:37,349 --> 00:43:39,670
as lawmen and as
friends of lawmen
699
00:43:40,391 --> 00:43:42,486
and the Cowboys from a fairly early time
700
00:43:43,253 --> 00:43:47,245
but it all begins to come
to a climax in 1881.
701
00:43:47,942 --> 00:43:52,594
[Narrator]: On March 15, 1881,
Doc rented
702
00:43:53,096 --> 00:43:55,311
a horse at Dunbar�s stable
and left Tombstone.
703
00:43:57,028 --> 00:43:58,568
He later claimed that he
went to Charleston
704
00:43:59,123 --> 00:44:00,316
to join in a high-stakes poker game,
705
00:44:00,999 --> 00:44:04,356
but he found that the game had
broken up by the time he arrived.
706
00:44:04,727 --> 00:44:08,372
Wyatt would later claim that
Holliday returned to Tombstone
707
00:44:08,572 --> 00:44:11,777
and played a game of faro
with him and was still playing
708
00:44:11,977 --> 00:44:14,672
when the word came to Tombstone
that the Kinnear & Company stagecoach
709
00:44:14,872 --> 00:44:19,466
headed to Benson had been held up
and that two men had been killed.
710
00:44:22,528 --> 00:44:25,200
At the request of Bat Masterson,
the Earp brothers
711
00:44:25,656 --> 00:44:27,475
joined the posse to hunt
down the assailants.
712
00:44:29,410 --> 00:44:31,331
Tombstone was full of rumors and
713
00:44:31,764 --> 00:44:33,808
Kate Elder, who had
briefly rejoined Doc,
714
00:44:34,342 --> 00:44:37,562
would later recount a curious
encounter soon after the robbery.
715
00:44:38,896 --> 00:44:41,928
Warren Earp came calling for Doc
late one night at their hotel,
716
00:44:44,521 --> 00:44:47,664
and Doc left with him in the
dead of night to visit Wyatt.
717
00:44:47,864 --> 00:44:51,665
He was gone for over an hour
before he came back agitated,
718
00:44:51,865 --> 00:44:55,340
�The damned fool. I did not
think that of him,�
719
00:44:56,035 --> 00:44:59,131
Doc was said to have repeated
over and over again.
720
00:45:05,948 --> 00:45:09,177
The reasons for Doc�s concerns
were soon to come to light.
721
00:45:09,377 --> 00:45:14,073
The next day, March 24,
The Tucson Star reported:
722
00:45:14,273 --> 00:45:17,228
�The names of the three
who are traveling
723
00:45:18,156 --> 00:45:20,825
are Bill Leonard, Jim Crane,
and Harry Hickey.
724
00:45:21,678 --> 00:45:24,658
The fourth is at Tombstone
and is well known
725
00:45:25,315 --> 00:45:27,398
and has been shadowed
ever since his return.�
726
00:45:28,024 --> 00:45:30,030
The fourth party alluded to in the
727
00:45:31,161 --> 00:45:33,585
report was almost
certainly Doc Holliday.
728
00:45:36,408 --> 00:45:38,834
Kate did not linger in
Tombstone, she left
729
00:45:39,264 --> 00:45:43,078
almost immediately, believing
the worst, as did others.
730
00:45:45,247 --> 00:45:46,695
The search for the bandits
proved fruitless.
731
00:45:46,895 --> 00:45:51,194
After two weeks, the search posse
returned to Tombstone emptyhanded.
732
00:45:51,394 --> 00:45:53,745
They had gone four days and a half
733
00:45:54,373 --> 00:45:56,848
without food and thirty-six
hours without water.
734
00:45:59,095 --> 00:46:02,886
Tensions arose between Wyatt Earp
and John Behan with Wyatt angered
735
00:46:03,622 --> 00:46:07,848
at Behan�s refusal to promote him
as undersheriff and his refusal to pay
736
00:46:08,536 --> 00:46:10,293
Virgil and Morgan for their part in the
737
00:46:11,106 --> 00:46:13,180
search for the Benson
stage robbery suspects.
738
00:46:13,446 --> 00:46:18,846
Wyatt�s friendship with Doc had made
him the target of rumors of complicity
739
00:46:19,612 --> 00:46:21,005
and the gossip hurt the Earps.
740
00:46:22,322 --> 00:46:24,565
[Gary Roberts]: After the
Benson stage
741
00:46:25,165 --> 00:46:28,018
robbery attempt, Wyatt Earp
did something
742
00:46:28,218 --> 00:46:32,066
that was probably foolish in retrospect,
743
00:46:32,266 --> 00:46:35,873
he attempt to make a
deal with Ike Clanton,
744
00:46:36,073 --> 00:46:38,404
one of the prominent cowboy leaders,
745
00:46:38,604 --> 00:46:45,571
to get Ike to turn in the three men that
they were searching for for the Benson
746
00:46:45,709 --> 00:46:47,085
stage robbery attempt.
747
00:46:47,285 --> 00:46:48,765
It didn�t go well.
748
00:46:48,965 --> 00:46:53,186
In the first place because
most of them well
749
00:46:53,790 --> 00:46:55,461
in fact all of them
eventually ended up dead
750
00:46:56,081 --> 00:46:58,404
before a deal could be worked out
751
00:46:59,007 --> 00:47:01,004
which left them with
a nasty little secret.
752
00:47:01,327 --> 00:47:07,307
[Narrator]: By midsummer of 1881,
Doc had become infamous in Tombstone.
753
00:47:07,507 --> 00:47:10,510
By this time, he had
legally been cleared
754
00:47:11,051 --> 00:47:12,761
of charges relating to the Benson
755
00:47:13,420 --> 00:47:16,850
stage robbery attempt and the murders
of Bud Philpott and Peter Roerig.
756
00:47:17,069 --> 00:47:19,223
But suspicions remained.
757
00:47:19,423 --> 00:47:21,300
Many believed that
regardless of what
758
00:47:21,757 --> 00:47:23,127
the district attorney
and judge had said,
759
00:47:24,087 --> 00:47:26,819
Doc Holliday had been involved
in attempted robbery.
760
00:47:27,019 --> 00:47:30,622
Wyatt Earp; however,
stood by his friend.
761
00:47:34,659 --> 00:47:35,862
Though quiet and
restrained when sober,
762
00:47:36,681 --> 00:47:38,718
Doc was quick-tempered
and vocal when drinking
763
00:47:39,811 --> 00:47:41,676
and if he felt violated
he was not
764
00:47:42,194 --> 00:47:44,238
afraid to seek redress
at the point of a gun.
765
00:47:45,429 --> 00:47:48,078
He was healthier and stronger
than he had been in years,
766
00:47:48,480 --> 00:47:51,525
the climate of southern
Arizona benefitted him,
767
00:47:51,725 --> 00:47:56,265
even as he spent long hours in
smoky saloons and gambling halls.
768
00:47:56,465 --> 00:47:59,089
He was associated in public
mind with the Earps,
769
00:47:59,289 --> 00:48:03,404
but he had never been Wyatt�s lackey
as legend would later portray him.
770
00:48:03,604 --> 00:48:09,165
He was jealous of his reputation and
quick to brace anyone who impugned it.
771
00:48:09,365 --> 00:48:14,363
He was also, by all accounts,
a fiercely loyal friend.
772
00:48:15,784 --> 00:48:19,342
So when Ike Clanton and Tom McLaury
made their way into Tombstone,
773
00:48:19,542 --> 00:48:21,489
the weight of the secret between him
774
00:48:22,047 --> 00:48:23,703
and Wyatt sitting heavy
on Ike�s shoulders,
775
00:48:24,788 --> 00:48:27,364
Doc spotted Ike in the lunchroom
of the Alhambra Saloon
776
00:48:28,486 --> 00:48:29,121
and approached him.
777
00:48:30,508 --> 00:48:32,527
Earlier that week, Ike
had accused Wyatt
778
00:48:33,262 --> 00:48:35,011
of telling Doc about the
secret deal between them.
779
00:48:35,925 --> 00:48:37,278
Wyatt had confronted Doc,
780
00:48:38,084 --> 00:48:40,150
and Doc had promised to set
things straight with Ike.
781
00:48:41,483 --> 00:48:43,208
An argument ensued
and over the next
782
00:48:43,867 --> 00:48:45,970
few hours, tensions
continued to escalate.
783
00:48:47,758 --> 00:48:49,851
[Gary Roberts]: Instead of
arresting them
784
00:48:50,732 --> 00:48:51,932
as he probably
should have,
785
00:48:53,254 --> 00:48:58,281
Virgil Earp as marshall just
told them to go sleep it off.
786
00:48:58,481 --> 00:49:05,357
The next morning after a
peculiar thing happened,
787
00:49:05,557 --> 00:49:09,017
and that is that Ike
Clanton and Virgil Earp
788
00:49:09,628 --> 00:49:10,735
stayed up most of the night
789
00:49:11,554 --> 00:49:12,979
playing cards with each other
in the same card game
790
00:49:13,793 --> 00:49:18,043
but the next morning, before Virgil
or anybody else had gotten up,
791
00:49:18,832 --> 00:49:22,611
Ike Clanton is already walking the
streets looking for the Earp brothers.
792
00:49:22,878 --> 00:49:25,645
[Narrator}: This is the beginning
of what would
793
00:49:26,266 --> 00:49:28,108
become known as
the OK Corral fight,
794
00:49:28,308 --> 00:49:32,355
which took place on the vacant lot
near Fremont Street in Tombstone.
795
00:49:32,555 --> 00:49:36,629
The Earp brothers would catch up to
Ike that morning and arrest him,
796
00:49:36,829 --> 00:49:38,744
he was fined and released.
797
00:49:38,944 --> 00:49:42,008
While leaving the court room,
Wyatt ran into
798
00:49:42,597 --> 00:49:44,781
Tom McLaury and knocked
him unconscious.
799
00:49:47,637 --> 00:49:52,776
Upon arriving in town, Frank McLaury and
Billy Clanton encountered another Cowboy
800
00:49:53,127 --> 00:49:57,586
by the name of Billy Claibourne who told
them about the arrest of Ike Clanton
801
00:49:57,786 --> 00:49:59,473
and the beating of Tom McLaury.
802
00:50:01,554 --> 00:50:06,262
Frank McLaury is reported to have said
�We�re going to have to resolve this.�
803
00:50:10,578 --> 00:50:12,981
[Gary Roberts]:They end up going
to a gun shop, the
804
00:50:13,414 --> 00:50:15,535
people are spreading
rumors all over town,
805
00:50:15,976 --> 00:50:17,538
telling the Earps they're
down at the gun shop
806
00:50:18,010 --> 00:50:19,442
and so forth, there's a confrontation
807
00:50:20,087 --> 00:50:22,245
a near confrontation at the gun shop.
808
00:50:22,671 --> 00:50:26,879
Then the Earps go back up
to what was known as
809
00:50:27,446 --> 00:50:29,217
Hatford�s Corner and they're
standing there on the corner
810
00:50:29,797 --> 00:50:36,509
and the Clanton and McLaury�s walk by
them you know kind of glaring at them.
811
00:50:38,181 --> 00:50:40,118
[Narrator]: Sherriff John
Behan decided
812
00:50:40,696 --> 00:50:43,320
to intervene and set off
to settle the situation.
813
00:50:44,186 --> 00:50:46,372
But word arrived that the
Clantons and McLaurys
814
00:50:47,012 --> 00:50:49,197
had positioned themselves
on a vacant lot
815
00:50:49,653 --> 00:50:53,850
on Fremont Street and the Earps decided
that it was time to make the arrests.
816
00:50:58,849 --> 00:51:00,295
After his late breakfast,
Doc had walked
817
00:51:00,758 --> 00:51:02,856
to the Alhambra Saloon
to check on business.
818
00:51:04,188 --> 00:51:07,687
Morgan caught up with him there,
filled him in on the situation,
819
00:51:08,019 --> 00:51:10,449
and walked with Doc to Hafford�s corner.
820
00:51:10,649 --> 00:51:15,450
An exchange took place between Doc
and Wyatt which Wyatt later recounted.
821
00:51:15,650 --> 00:51:18,315
Wyatt said that he�d told Doc that this
822
00:51:18,894 --> 00:51:21,775
fight was none of his affair,
to which Doc replied,
823
00:51:22,027 --> 00:51:24,637
�Tha's a hell of a thing
for you to say to me!�
824
00:51:24,837 --> 00:51:27,426
Wyatt may have further
protested Doc�s involvement,
825
00:51:27,626 --> 00:51:29,498
but the matter was settled
when Virgil handed
826
00:51:29,911 --> 00:51:32,867
Doc a shotgun, telling him
to hide it under his overcoat.
827
00:51:33,973 --> 00:51:35,847
[Gary Roberts]: So they march up
the street turn down
828
00:51:36,405 --> 00:51:38,285
Fremont and as they
approach the vacant lot,
829
00:51:38,942 --> 00:51:42,133
square off and Virgil Earp
with a cane in his
830
00:51:42,583 --> 00:51:44,037
hand throws up his hands and says,
831
00:51:44,572 --> 00:51:46,283
"Throw down your guns,
I have come to arrest you."
832
00:51:46,986 --> 00:51:52,178
At that point, people start going for
their guns and Virgil says,
833
00:51:52,378 --> 00:51:53,237
"No, I didn�t mean that!"
834
00:51:53,437 --> 00:51:59,734
But it�s too late and then explodes into
what�s only about 30 seconds of gunfire.
835
00:52:25,429 --> 00:52:28,338
[Narrator]: Billy Clanton, Frank
McLaury and
836
00:52:29,323 --> 00:52:31,204
Tom McLaury were struck
by bullets and killed.
837
00:52:31,870 --> 00:52:34,688
Ike Clanton and Billy
Claibourn both ran for it.
838
00:52:35,408 --> 00:52:37,916
Virgil Earp and Doc
received minor injuries.
839
00:52:38,753 --> 00:52:40,534
Morgan Earp was struck by
a bullet that chipped
840
00:52:41,238 --> 00:52:44,026
a vertebra, an injury
from which he recovered.
841
00:52:44,343 --> 00:52:46,094
[Victoria Wilcox]: The story
of the gunfight
842
00:52:46,669 --> 00:52:48,309
went out across the telegraph wires
843
00:52:48,983 --> 00:52:50,516
and hit all the newspapers in America
844
00:52:51,043 --> 00:52:53,426
and made instant celebrities
of all the participants
845
00:52:54,071 --> 00:52:56,757
in a country that was enamored
with all things wild west
846
00:52:57,353 --> 00:52:59,987
this was the most iconic
Western battle of them all.
847
00:53:02,781 --> 00:53:04,337
[Gary Roberts]: The Earps
take the position
848
00:53:05,081 --> 00:53:06,442
that they had gone down
there to arrest them
849
00:53:07,009 --> 00:53:11,013
and that they had resisted
arrest and that they were killed
850
00:53:11,234 --> 00:53:13,539
in the attempt to arrest
them for wearing
851
00:53:14,072 --> 00:53:15,736
firearms on the
streets of Tombstone
852
00:53:16,303 --> 00:53:18,414
which was clearly in
violation of the law.
853
00:53:19,104 --> 00:53:21,520
The other side, including
the sheriff, said
854
00:53:22,101 --> 00:53:24,214
that the Earps approached them
855
00:53:24,917 --> 00:53:28,534
and immediately opened fire and
basically gunned them down.
856
00:53:29,586 --> 00:53:37,018
A coroner�s inquest that investigated
it avoided coming to any conclusion
857
00:53:37,762 --> 00:53:41,153
other than the fact that these three
men were killed by the Earp party.
858
00:53:43,128 --> 00:53:45,899
[Narrator]: As the country became
fascinated by the story of the shootout,
859
00:53:46,099 --> 00:53:49,953
Ike Clanton sought to bring murder
charges against Doc and the Earps.
860
00:53:50,153 --> 00:53:53,423
William R. McLaury, brother of Tom and
861
00:53:54,142 --> 00:53:56,178
Frank McLaury arrived in
Tombstone from Texas
862
00:53:56,814 --> 00:54:00,105
determined to convict the Earps and
Doc for the murders of his brothers.
863
00:54:01,135 --> 00:54:03,440
The Earps retained former
Nevada congressman
864
00:54:04,114 --> 00:54:06,683
Thomas J. Fitch to lead the defense.
865
00:54:06,957 --> 00:54:11,426
At the end of the preliminary hearing,
Judge Wells Spicer ruled
866
00:54:11,626 --> 00:54:14,294
that there was insufficient
reason to believe
867
00:54:14,936 --> 00:54:16,826
that the Earps and Doc
had committed murder
868
00:54:17,577 --> 00:54:19,340
and that it did not
matter who fired first,
869
00:54:20,502 --> 00:54:22,252
it was the expectation
that was important
870
00:54:23,119 --> 00:54:26,188
and so he declared that there
was no reason to indict�
871
00:54:26,845 --> 00:54:28,812
and the grand jury agreed with him.
872
00:54:30,632 --> 00:54:32,387
[Gary Roberts]: This is really
the beginning
873
00:54:32,900 --> 00:54:33,882
of the Tombstone story,
874
00:54:34,431 --> 00:54:36,683
rather than the end
because it's a climactic
875
00:54:37,179 --> 00:54:38,387
moment when from that point on
876
00:54:38,930 --> 00:54:42,481
the Cowboys and the Earps
are really going after each other.
877
00:54:44,350 --> 00:54:45,604
[Narrator]: The fight divided
the town and
878
00:54:46,090 --> 00:54:47,135
the Cowboys were determined
879
00:54:47,676 --> 00:54:48,629
to take matters into their own hands.
880
00:54:49,930 --> 00:54:54,443
In December 1881, Virgil Earp was shot
walking down the street one night
881
00:54:55,200 --> 00:54:57,276
and as a result he
was crippled for life.
882
00:54:59,110 --> 00:55:03,443
In January 1882 there was a near
confrontation between Doc
883
00:55:03,992 --> 00:55:06,036
and a Cowboy Doc had
encountered before by
884
00:55:06,509 --> 00:55:09,039
the name of John Ringo
in the streets of Tombstone.
885
00:55:10,092 --> 00:55:13,443
Ike Clanton attempted once more to
have the Earps and Doc arrested
886
00:55:14,025 --> 00:55:14,866
for the Tombstone fight but failed,
887
00:55:16,771 --> 00:55:18,844
which only served to
further rile the Cowboys.
888
00:55:24,150 --> 00:55:26,568
Everything came to a
head in March of 1882
889
00:55:27,235 --> 00:55:28,713
when Morgan Earp
was shot to death
890
00:55:29,408 --> 00:55:32,902
while playing pool in a
billiard parlor, hailing the
891
00:55:33,357 --> 00:55:38,365
beginning of what has become
known as the Vendetta Ride.
892
00:55:39,633 --> 00:55:41,437
Doc and Wyatt were
inseparable at this time.
893
00:55:42,372 --> 00:55:43,682
Morgan Earp�s assassins had been
894
00:55:44,192 --> 00:55:47,348
identified as Deputy
Sheriff Frank Stillwell,
895
00:55:47,931 --> 00:55:52,180
Peter Spence, Florentino
�Indian Charlie� Cruz,
896
00:55:52,774 --> 00:55:54,693
Frederic Bode and others.
897
00:55:55,645 --> 00:55:59,970
When Wyatt, his brothers, their wives
and Doc travelled to Tucson
898
00:56:00,190 --> 00:56:02,684
to see Morgan�s body
on the train to California,
899
00:56:02,884 --> 00:56:06,076
where the Earp parents lived,
they spotted Frank Stillwell,
900
00:56:06,276 --> 00:56:09,409
chased him down, and shot him to death.
901
00:56:13,017 --> 00:56:13,914
[Gary Roberts]: This was
the beginning of
902
00:56:14,527 --> 00:56:15,603
real trouble for the Earps
903
00:56:16,337 --> 00:56:19,926
and it made it clear that
Wyatt was interested
904
00:56:20,454 --> 00:56:26,016
in more than just arresting people
this had become personal.
905
00:56:26,216 --> 00:56:28,608
[Narrator]: When they
returned to Tombstone,
906
00:56:29,159 --> 00:56:30,465
they found that warrants
had been sworn out
907
00:56:30,969 --> 00:56:32,099
for Wyatt and Doc and a couple of
908
00:56:32,625 --> 00:56:34,497
others for having
killed Frank Stillwell.
909
00:56:35,117 --> 00:56:37,638
[Gary Roberts]: He still has the support
of some of the local businessmen,
910
00:56:37,838 --> 00:56:40,649
there�s a confrontation
between him and Sheriff Behan
911
00:56:40,864 --> 00:56:44,285
in which Behan tries
to arrest him and Wyatt
912
00:56:44,834 --> 00:56:47,932
just basically brushes him
aside and leaves town.
913
00:56:48,137 --> 00:56:53,322
[Narrator]: Doc remained by Wyatt�s side
as they actively pursued the Cowboys,
914
00:56:53,592 --> 00:56:56,962
with Florentino �Indian Charlie�
Cruz becoming
915
00:56:57,595 --> 00:56:59,567
yet another casualty
of their vengeance.
916
00:57:00,519 --> 00:57:02,778
Shortly after that, they
engaged in a shootout
917
00:57:03,283 --> 00:57:06,564
with Curly Bill Brosius in
which Brosius was killed.
918
00:57:09,247 --> 00:57:11,383
[Gary Roberts]: After the
Curly Bill episode
919
00:57:11,971 --> 00:57:17,089
the Earp posse decides
it�s time to leave Arizona
920
00:57:17,690 --> 00:57:21,041
because of the pressure of the
posses that are chasing them.
921
00:57:21,682 --> 00:57:24,067
With the assistance probably of
922
00:57:24,536 --> 00:57:27,131
two governors,
Wells Fargo and Company,
923
00:57:27,678 --> 00:57:32,005
maybe the Santa Fe Railroad
and the US Marshall�s office,
924
00:57:32,687 --> 00:57:38,000
they go to Alburquerque and
from there into Colorado.
925
00:57:40,178 --> 00:57:43,123
It might have worked out except
there had been a little dispute
926
00:57:43,323 --> 00:57:47,519
between Wyatt and Doc in Alburquerque
they got into the first fight
927
00:57:47,719 --> 00:57:51,775
they�d really had and as
a result of that fight, Doc left
928
00:57:52,781 --> 00:57:55,915
the rest of the Earps and
went into Colorado before them.
929
00:57:57,275 --> 00:57:58,367
[Narrator]: The city of Pueblo lies
930
00:57:58,900 --> 00:58:01,676
in the high desert of
Colorado at the confluence
931
00:58:02,119 --> 00:58:04,263
of the Arkansas River
and Fountain Creek,
932
00:58:05,229 --> 00:58:06,901
along the front range
of the Rocky Mountains.
933
00:58:07,427 --> 00:58:11,472
It began as a trappers� trading post
in the early 19th century,
934
00:58:11,672 --> 00:58:14,358
on what was then the
US/Mexican border,
935
00:58:14,558 --> 00:58:17,066
but it didn�t grow to
anything like a town
936
00:58:17,616 --> 00:58:20,224
until the Colorado Gold Rush of 1859.
937
00:58:20,842 --> 00:58:23,178
Doc was looking for some entertainment
938
00:58:23,689 --> 00:58:25,803
and an escape from
his trouble in Arizona.
939
00:58:26,520 --> 00:58:32,123
But trouble always seemed to follow Doc
and this time it was named Perry Mallon.
940
00:58:34,186 --> 00:58:35,594
[Gary Roberts]: Mallon tried
to make an impression
941
00:58:36,091 --> 00:58:37,653
on him, but Doc kind
of brushed him aside
942
00:58:38,202 --> 00:58:40,655
as being of no significance.
943
00:58:41,043 --> 00:58:44,374
Instead Doc fell in with
some of his gambling
944
00:58:44,777 --> 00:58:47,699
buddies and they headed to Denver.
945
00:58:48,442 --> 00:58:53,069
Doc seemed determined it�s time
for him to have a good time,
946
00:58:53,617 --> 00:58:56,146
so he goes to Denver and is planning
to go to the horse races,
947
00:58:56,710 --> 00:59:00,006
he�s on the train with Bat Masterson
and some other guys that he knows,
948
00:59:00,548 --> 00:59:08,128
he gets to Denver and he
meets some people there
949
00:59:08,716 --> 00:59:12,034
even introduces himself
to the chief of police
950
00:59:12,568 --> 00:59:16,257
and a couple of other people,
so he�s not trying to hide
951
00:59:16,457 --> 00:59:20,030
he said later that he
was there to meet a
952
00:59:20,966 --> 00:59:23,458
mining man who had
been in Tombstone
953
00:59:24,030 --> 00:59:28,114
and that they were going to get together
and talk about some business matters.
954
00:59:28,431 --> 00:59:36,562
On his way back to the hotel one night,
he was suddenly confronted by this man
955
00:59:36,762 --> 00:59:40,180
who jumped out of the shadows
and put a pointed gun at him
956
00:59:40,380 --> 00:59:43,336
and told him to throw up his hands and
957
00:59:43,877 --> 00:59:48,413
it was this character
from Pueblo, Perry Mallon.
958
00:59:49,084 --> 00:59:50,632
[Narrator]: This encounter made
big news in Denver,
959
00:59:51,481 --> 00:59:53,562
Mallon became an instant celebrity,
960
00:59:54,723 --> 00:59:56,117
and it kept Doc in hand long enough for
961
00:59:56,650 --> 00:59:58,360
people in Arizona to find
out his whereabouts.
962
00:59:59,582 --> 01:00:01,283
There was an immediate rush by both
963
01:00:01,710 --> 01:00:04,355
the Sheriff of Cochise
County, John Behan
964
01:00:04,936 --> 01:00:07,223
and the Sheriff of Pima County,
Bob Paul,
965
01:00:07,765 --> 01:00:09,383
to apply to have Doc returned
966
01:00:09,832 --> 01:00:11,348
to their respective jurisdictions.
967
01:00:12,221 --> 01:00:16,359
Behan wanted him for the murder
of Francisco �Indian Charlie� Cruz,
968
01:00:16,812 --> 01:00:21,538
Paul wanted him for the murder
of Deputy Sheriff Frank Stillwell.
969
01:00:21,738 --> 01:00:26,427
Mallon eventually slipped out of
town after being discredited,
970
01:00:26,627 --> 01:00:29,052
but not before the damage had been done.
971
01:00:29,252 --> 01:00:33,661
The case went all the way to
the governor, Frederick W. Pitkin.
972
01:00:33,861 --> 01:00:38,194
[Gary Roberts]: All of a sudden, Doc has
support coming out of the woodwork
973
01:00:38,394 --> 01:00:44,453
Bat Masterson comes to town
and begins to argue for him,
974
01:00:44,653 --> 01:00:50,554
There was a newspaperman named
E.D. Cowan who is working on his behalf,
975
01:00:50,754 --> 01:00:56,653
Doc has the services of one of the
most expensive law firms in Denver,
976
01:00:56,853 --> 01:01:04,333
he has a major mining owner
with some Tombstone
977
01:01:04,867 --> 01:01:07,344
connections by the name of Crummy
978
01:01:08,040 --> 01:01:10,561
who is advocating on his behalf.
979
01:01:10,900 --> 01:01:16,110
So all of these people are saying
to the governor don�t send him back
980
01:01:16,310 --> 01:01:23,672
and so what happens is that the governor
of Colorado looks over the papers
981
01:01:23,872 --> 01:01:29,065
and says that there are some
problems with the paperwork
982
01:01:29,265 --> 01:01:32,731
I�m not going to grant the extradition.
983
01:01:32,931 --> 01:01:37,600
besides that to make sure
it wasn�t going to happen,
984
01:01:37,800 --> 01:01:45,465
he said there is already a charge
against Doc Holliday in Pueblo,
985
01:01:45,665 --> 01:01:50,594
and we can�t send him back to
extradite him to another state,
986
01:01:50,794 --> 01:01:54,473
when there is an outstanding warrant
against him here in Colorado.
987
01:01:54,673 --> 01:01:57,381
By the way, that�s called now in
988
01:01:57,854 --> 01:02:00,630
Colorado and other
places, �Hollidiaying�,
989
01:02:01,265 --> 01:02:06,137
The idea of using filing
charges of one crime
990
01:02:06,718 --> 01:02:12,616
to prevent applying
warrants for another crime.
991
01:02:12,758 --> 01:02:16,216
[Narrator]: Doc was taken back to Pueblo
where the case against him was delayed
992
01:02:16,416 --> 01:02:19,316
continuously and never fully pursued.
993
01:02:19,516 --> 01:02:21,262
He was free to go.
994
01:02:21,462 --> 01:02:24,403
Perhaps with thoughts of
forgiveness and reconciliation,
995
01:02:24,603 --> 01:02:28,088
after Masterson and others
had come to his defense,
996
01:02:28,288 --> 01:02:31,176
Doc headed to Gunnison where he sat
997
01:02:31,376 --> 01:02:34,472
for probably the last time
with his old friend, Wyatt Earp.
998
01:02:34,672 --> 01:02:36,754
The two men mended fences,
999
01:02:36,954 --> 01:02:38,953
but the closeness of their friendship
1000
01:02:39,369 --> 01:02:42,355
was over and they
went their separate ways.
1001
01:02:48,202 --> 01:02:50,701
At an elevation of over
10,000 feet, Leadville
1002
01:02:51,239 --> 01:02:53,762
is the highest incorporated
city in the United States.
1003
01:02:53,962 --> 01:02:56,894
Situated near the headwaters
of the Arkansas
1004
01:02:57,428 --> 01:02:59,530
River in the heart of
the Rocky Mountains,
1005
01:03:00,157 --> 01:03:03,710
Leadville in Doc�s time had
a population of 40,000
1006
01:03:04,310 --> 01:03:07,612
and hopes of replacing Denver
as the capitol of Colorado.
1007
01:03:09,214 --> 01:03:12,181
Doc arrived in Leadville in 1883.
1008
01:03:12,980 --> 01:03:16,017
He became a temporary member
of the Leadville Fire
1009
01:03:16,530 --> 01:03:18,515
Department when a building
down the street caught fire
1010
01:03:19,327 --> 01:03:21,706
and he was pressed into service
to help douse the blaze.
1011
01:03:21,906 --> 01:03:27,256
The local paper, the Leadville Democrat,
thanked him for his valiant efforts.
1012
01:03:28,277 --> 01:03:33,504
Doc enjoyed the sporting
life at most of the
1013
01:03:33,993 --> 01:03:35,817
drinking and gaming
establishments in town.
1014
01:03:36,582 --> 01:03:38,933
He moved in the right social circles,
1015
01:03:39,133 --> 01:03:40,918
and was interviewed by all sorts.
1016
01:03:41,118 --> 01:03:44,789
It is in Leadville that his
fame becomes legendary.
1017
01:03:47,261 --> 01:03:53,129
It was at Manny Hyman�s Saloon,
a block down from the Opera House,
1018
01:03:53,849 --> 01:03:55,656
where he spent most of his time and
1019
01:03:56,115 --> 01:03:57,907
where he encountered
some men from his past.
1020
01:03:58,898 --> 01:04:01,688
Doc�s health had started to deteriorate,
1021
01:04:01,888 --> 01:04:04,979
his body had begun to tremble
from the effects of his hard living,
1022
01:04:05,179 --> 01:04:08,167
and perhaps most dangerous
of all, he had
1023
01:04:08,609 --> 01:04:12,056
once again encountered
Johnny Tyler and Billy Allen.
1024
01:04:12,256 --> 01:04:18,964
[Gary Roberts]: What happens is that he
owes a little money to Billy Allen
1025
01:04:19,164 --> 01:04:23,477
and Allen wants to collect it
and he threatens Doc
1026
01:04:23,896 --> 01:04:26,910
that if he does not pay then he�s going
1027
01:04:27,397 --> 01:04:32,455
to find him and shoot
him or beat him up.
1028
01:04:32,655 --> 01:04:36,529
Doc gets frantic about
this and he goes to
1029
01:04:37,022 --> 01:04:41,275
a saloon and positions
himself near the door,
1030
01:04:41,754 --> 01:04:46,185
hides the pistol close by
and he talks to policemen
1031
01:04:46,766 --> 01:04:48,961
he tells everybody he was
wanting to avoid trouble.
1032
01:04:49,650 --> 01:04:53,375
but when Billy Allen
walks into the saloon
1033
01:04:54,163 --> 01:04:55,865
Doc reaches over and grabs
a pistol and shoots him
1034
01:04:56,320 --> 01:04:58,694
now he does not kill him, he wounds him.
1035
01:04:58,894 --> 01:05:02,135
[Narrator]: Billy Allen insisted
on pressing charges
1036
01:05:02,612 --> 01:05:03,810
and the case was brought to trial.
1037
01:05:04,468 --> 01:05:08,124
Doc was acquitted, but his illness
had taken its toll.
1038
01:05:08,324 --> 01:05:11,372
He wasn�t on the run
this time, but he was
1039
01:05:11,890 --> 01:05:14,394
in desperate need of a
more hospitable climate.
1040
01:05:15,206 --> 01:05:16,473
[Victoria Wilcox]: According to
an old story
1041
01:05:16,955 --> 01:05:18,353
out of Doc's hometown of Valdosta,
1042
01:05:18,794 --> 01:05:20,827
after leaving Leadville,
he took a train trip
1043
01:05:21,299 --> 01:05:23,084
far away from his troubles out west
1044
01:05:23,619 --> 01:05:25,271
and back into southern territory.
1045
01:05:25,791 --> 01:05:28,455
The ocassion was a reunion
of Mexican War veterans,
1046
01:05:29,322 --> 01:05:31,588
at the Cotton States
Exposition in New Orleans.
1047
01:05:31,788 --> 01:05:36,525
Where he had a reunion of his own,
with his father, Henry Holliday.
1048
01:05:37,469 --> 01:05:38,907
[Narrator]: Henry tried to get
his son to return to
1049
01:05:39,372 --> 01:05:42,555
Georgia, but Doc refused
and returned to Colorado.
1050
01:05:43,530 --> 01:05:47,279
By 1886, he was worn out
from illness and alcohol,
1051
01:05:48,075 --> 01:05:50,108
and headed for one more
mountain springs resort
1052
01:05:50,742 --> 01:05:53,062
to seek a cure: Glenwood Springs,
1053
01:05:53,262 --> 01:05:55,005
high in the Rocky Mountains.
1054
01:05:55,205 --> 01:05:58,475
To get there, he had to take
the train back to Leadville,
1055
01:05:58,675 --> 01:06:02,600
where he bought a bottle of laudanum
from a local pharmacist,
1056
01:06:02,800 --> 01:06:06,264
before daring a stage coach ride
over the Independence Pass.
1057
01:06:06,464 --> 01:06:09,200
The pass was only open
in the summer months,
1058
01:06:09,400 --> 01:06:12,316
and even then the road was treacherous.
1059
01:06:12,516 --> 01:06:15,955
But there was no other way
to reach Glenwood Springs.
1060
01:06:18,810 --> 01:06:20,867
He checked into the Hotel Glenwood, a
1061
01:06:21,302 --> 01:06:23,157
modern resort that
boasted electric lights
1062
01:06:23,681 --> 01:06:25,786
and running water in private baths
1063
01:06:26,457 --> 01:06:29,433
and the convenience of a doctor
and nurse on staff for ailing guests.
1064
01:06:29,633 --> 01:06:32,844
It wasn�t the comfort of a
hotel he had come for,
1065
01:06:33,555 --> 01:06:36,036
but the heat of the sulfur
vapors in the caves.
1066
01:06:39,199 --> 01:06:41,060
But Doc Holliday was beyond saving.
1067
01:06:41,260 --> 01:06:44,796
The illness that had taken his mother
had finally caught up with him.
1068
01:06:44,996 --> 01:06:50,162
Returning from the caves, he was
bed-ridden for thirty-three days
1069
01:06:50,362 --> 01:06:52,780
and able to only get up twice.
1070
01:06:52,980 --> 01:06:55,780
For two weeks after that,
he was delirious,
1071
01:06:55,980 --> 01:06:58,007
and slipped in and out of a coma.
1072
01:06:58,207 --> 01:07:02,305
For twenty-four hours before
his death, he did not speak.
1073
01:07:19,958 --> 01:07:22,287
John Henry Holliday died at
ten o�clock in the
1074
01:07:22,857 --> 01:07:25,910
morning on Monday,
November 8, 1887.
1075
01:07:26,110 --> 01:07:29,737
Reverend W.S. Rudolph
delivered the eulogy,
1076
01:07:29,937 --> 01:07:31,954
and Doc�s body was buried
at four o�clock
1077
01:07:33,238 --> 01:07:34,832
that afternoon in Linwood Cemetery
1078
01:07:35,611 --> 01:07:37,211
on a high bluff overlooking
Glenwood Springs.
1079
01:07:38,711 --> 01:07:40,774
Expenses for the funeral were paid from
1080
01:07:41,245 --> 01:07:42,823
a collection taken up
among the gamblers,
1081
01:07:43,340 --> 01:07:46,077
saloonmen and other locals who had
1082
01:07:46,588 --> 01:07:48,835
come to know Doc during
those last months.
1083
01:07:50,628 --> 01:07:52,027
[Gary Roberts]: John Clum, the
editor of the
1084
01:07:52,638 --> 01:07:56,250
Tombstone Epitaph
and a friend of Wyatt Earp�s
1085
01:07:56,450 --> 01:07:59,872
said that Doc Holliday was
not a constructive citizen,
1086
01:08:00,872 --> 01:08:04,264
and that�s probably a fair assessment,
1087
01:08:04,545 --> 01:08:08,686
he had a difficult life
and there are many
1088
01:08:09,141 --> 01:08:13,669
qualities that he had that would
cause you to arrive at that conclusion.
1089
01:08:13,869 --> 01:08:18,171
Bat Masterson says in one place
that he didn�t like him very much
1090
01:08:18,371 --> 01:08:20,875
yet he spent a lot of
time with him and had
1091
01:08:21,283 --> 01:08:23,656
some more positive things
to say about him too.
1092
01:08:23,858 --> 01:08:28,815
Wyatt Earp always emphasized
his loyalty and his friendship
1093
01:08:29,015 --> 01:08:31,781
and his ability with a gun
and he talked about
1094
01:08:32,268 --> 01:08:34,517
him being at his side
during all of those days.
1095
01:08:37,928 --> 01:08:40,476
[Narrator]: He had lived a full life,
loved and been loved.
1096
01:08:40,676 --> 01:08:45,431
It is unlikely that any of his family or
friends were with him when he died.
1097
01:08:45,631 --> 01:08:49,241
His relationship with
Kate Elder is one of
1098
01:08:49,682 --> 01:08:51,847
the most perplexing parts
of his life and legend.
1099
01:08:52,047 --> 01:08:55,473
Little information on their
life together survives.
1100
01:08:55,673 --> 01:09:00,600
Kate claimed that they were married,
and there does exist some evidence
1101
01:09:00,800 --> 01:09:03,481
to suggest that this may
have been the case.
1102
01:09:03,681 --> 01:09:07,059
But, Doc left not a word about
her and Kate�s accounts
1103
01:09:07,544 --> 01:09:09,367
later in life were
self-serving and defensive,
1104
01:09:10,279 --> 01:09:11,779
confused by fading memories.
1105
01:09:12,033 --> 01:09:17,168
She defended Doc against charges
that he was a killer and a drunkard,
1106
01:09:17,368 --> 01:09:21,573
There was no romance in the story
she told about her life with Doc.
1107
01:09:21,787 --> 01:09:24,509
She expressed resentment towards him,
1108
01:09:24,709 --> 01:09:27,094
accusing him of gambling away her money.
1109
01:09:27,294 --> 01:09:30,701
Kate died on November 2, 1940,
1110
01:09:30,901 --> 01:09:35,664
and was buried in Pioneer Cemetery
in Prescott, Arizona.
1111
01:09:43,679 --> 01:09:47,473
At the time of Doc�s death,
the Glenwood Springs Ute Chief noted,
1112
01:09:47,673 --> 01:09:50,651
�He only had one correspondent
among his relatives--
1113
01:09:50,851 --> 01:09:54,150
a cousin, a Sister of Charity,
in Atlanta, Georgia.
1114
01:09:54,350 --> 01:09:57,135
She will be notified of his death.�
1115
01:09:57,335 --> 01:10:00,484
At the time of Mattie�s death in 1939,
1116
01:10:00,684 --> 01:10:06,264
she was known as Sister Mary Melanie
and had been a nun for most of her life.
1117
01:10:06,464 --> 01:10:10,161
Her family held her in high esteem
and publicly disavowed any
1118
01:10:10,361 --> 01:10:12,704
suggestion that she and Doc
had been in love.
1119
01:10:12,929 --> 01:10:16,662
But they never denied that
she and Doc had been close,
1120
01:10:16,937 --> 01:10:19,745
with one relative recalling
that after Doc�s death,
1121
01:10:19,957 --> 01:10:21,979
�Mattie would talk of him and say
1122
01:10:22,589 --> 01:10:24,755
that if only people had
known him as she had,
1123
01:10:24,955 --> 01:10:28,596
they would have seen a different man
from the one of Western fame.�
1124
01:10:31,049 --> 01:10:33,951
[Gary Roberts]: Doc was a
mass of contradictions,
1125
01:10:34,151 --> 01:10:43,504
he could be charming and smooth,
he could be nasty and downright brutal.
1126
01:10:44,572 --> 01:10:52,108
He drank too much, he could be
pathetic and pitiful at times,
1127
01:10:52,345 --> 01:10:57,271
and you feel when you read the old
documents and what people say about him,
1128
01:10:57,473 --> 01:11:02,876
and you feel genuine pity
for him as an individual.
1129
01:11:03,770 --> 01:11:07,298
But he is still the dominant
personality in the story.
1130
01:11:07,604 --> 01:11:10,544
If you think about it,
and you go to see movies
1131
01:11:11,200 --> 01:11:17,184
about all of this, the character
who wins in the movies,
1132
01:11:17,893 --> 01:11:20,422
everytime, who puts Wyatt Earp
in the shadows,
1133
01:11:20,915 --> 01:11:22,415
although he's supposed
to be the hero,
1134
01:11:23,428 --> 01:11:27,981
you forget about Wyatt Earp and
you concentrate on Doc Holliday.
1135
01:11:28,637 --> 01:11:29,588
[Victoria Wilcox]: He�d done
more in 36 years
1136
01:11:30,206 --> 01:11:31,644
than most men ever dream of doing,
1137
01:11:32,125 --> 01:11:35,308
he'd traveled across the country
and seen history being made
1138
01:11:35,901 --> 01:11:38,066
and he had become
part of American history.
1139
01:11:38,460 --> 01:11:43,153
[Narrator]: Mystery surrounds the true
resting place of John Henry Holliday,
1140
01:11:43,353 --> 01:11:46,977
with some questioning whether
his family would have left his remains
1141
01:11:47,177 --> 01:11:49,537
in a place far away
from his southern roots.
1142
01:11:49,737 --> 01:11:53,204
There are two unmarked graves under a
1143
01:11:53,745 --> 01:11:56,519
tree in the Oak Hill Cemetery
in Griffin, Georgia
1144
01:11:57,029 --> 01:11:58,870
that are said to belong to Doc Holliday
1145
01:11:59,270 --> 01:12:01,612
and his father, Henry
Burroughs Holliday.
1146
01:12:02,431 --> 01:12:04,109
And though it may never be proven,
1147
01:12:04,796 --> 01:12:08,172
there are many who would like to
believe that Doc�s final resting place
1148
01:12:08,707 --> 01:12:09,951
is deep in the soil of Griffin.
1149
01:12:11,056 --> 01:12:15,160
For all his travels, various
exploits and western fame,
1150
01:12:15,360 --> 01:12:24,164
John Henry �Doc� Holliday
was a son of the south.
103974
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