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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:11,685 --> 00:00:13,641 Subtitles by KRF Studio 2 00:00:14,423 --> 00:00:20,508 Tombstone, Arizona Territory, 1881 3 00:00:22,036 --> 00:00:23,867 The gunfight at the OK Corral 4 00:00:24,238 --> 00:00:26,290 is the Old West�s most famous shootout 5 00:00:27,193 --> 00:00:30,177 and makes instant celebrities of the combatants, 6 00:00:31,708 --> 00:00:33,080 included amongst them is a gambler 7 00:00:34,310 --> 00:00:36,845 and gunslinger known as �Doc Holliday� 8 00:00:37,749 --> 00:00:39,784 It�s the beginning of a legend. 9 00:00:43,202 --> 00:00:46,188 But this is where Doc Holliday�s story really began, 10 00:00:46,387 --> 00:00:49,941 here in the American south, in the state of Georgia. 11 00:00:51,340 --> 00:00:53,564 Doc Holliday was born John Henry Holliday, 12 00:00:53,764 --> 00:00:57,305 a descendant of two Scots-Irish families 13 00:00:57,806 --> 00:00:59,270 that had settled in frontier Georgia, 14 00:00:59,818 --> 00:01:01,467 soon after the American Revolution at a time 15 00:01:02,137 --> 00:01:04,297 when much of Georgia was still Indian territory. 16 00:01:04,640 --> 00:01:09,083 His mother�s family, the McKeys, owned a plantation near Indian Creek, Georgia 17 00:01:09,227 --> 00:01:13,413 with hundreds of acres of cotton and dozens of slaves to work the land. 18 00:01:18,110 --> 00:01:21,126 While John Henry�s maternal grandparents were 19 00:01:21,833 --> 00:01:24,063 members of Georgia�s social class of wealthy planters, 20 00:01:25,074 --> 00:01:27,124 his father�s family, the Hollidays, 21 00:01:27,673 --> 00:01:29,098 were of more modest circumstances. 22 00:01:29,957 --> 00:01:32,503 [Bill Dunn]: William Holliday moved into a little community 23 00:01:32,863 --> 00:01:34,906 called Tumbling Shoals in South Carolina. 24 00:01:36,209 --> 00:01:39,794 And from there the family moved to different places all over the country, 25 00:01:39,994 --> 00:01:43,700 some of the family believed in slavery, some did not 26 00:01:44,371 --> 00:01:47,600 and they chose not to go into the southern states. 27 00:01:49,300 --> 00:01:52,824 [Narrator]: Henry Burroughs Holliday was William�s eldest son. 28 00:01:53,517 --> 00:01:57,442 With no great estate to inherit, Henry chose a career in the military, 29 00:01:58,138 --> 00:02:00,755 and served in the Creek Indian and Mexican Wars. 30 00:02:02,365 --> 00:02:05,783 When he returned from the war, he moved to Griffin, Georgia 31 00:02:06,421 --> 00:02:08,387 where he met and married Alice Jane McKey. 32 00:02:09,797 --> 00:02:12,403 Griffin was a town full of opportunity for 33 00:02:13,099 --> 00:02:15,304 an ambitious young man like Henry Holliday. 34 00:02:15,756 --> 00:02:19,730 He took a job with a local druggist and built his family a comfortable 35 00:02:20,357 --> 00:02:21,906 two-storey home on Tinsley Street. 36 00:02:22,563 --> 00:02:25,240 It was in Griffin, Georgia that Henry and 37 00:02:25,440 --> 00:02:27,180 Alice Jane Holliday�s two children were born. 38 00:02:27,771 --> 00:02:32,369 The first, a daughter they named Martha Eleanora, lived only six months. 39 00:02:32,569 --> 00:02:37,042 A little over a year later, on August 14, 1851, 40 00:02:37,709 --> 00:02:41,278 the Holliday�s second child was born, a boy named John Henry. 41 00:02:43,128 --> 00:02:48,212 He was christened in March of 1852 in Griffin�s First Presbyterian Church. 42 00:02:49,091 --> 00:02:51,901 There was also an adopted older brother, 43 00:02:52,455 --> 00:02:56,851 a Mexican orphan boy named Francisco Hidalgo, 44 00:02:57,499 --> 00:02:59,680 whom his father had brought home from the 45 00:03:00,301 --> 00:03:02,870 Mexican War and raised as a member of the family. 46 00:03:06,114 --> 00:03:09,556 25 miles to the west of Griffin were John Henry�s 47 00:03:09,898 --> 00:03:11,981 paternal family in the city of Fayetteville. 48 00:03:13,849 --> 00:03:18,213 The uncle after whom John Henry was named, John Stiles Holliday, 49 00:03:18,677 --> 00:03:21,865 had gone off to the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta, 50 00:03:22,178 --> 00:03:25,489 and returned home to become Fayetteville�s town doctor. 51 00:03:26,586 --> 00:03:29,518 Local tradition says that the Holliday�s home in Fayetteville 52 00:03:29,871 --> 00:03:33,696 was once used as a dormitory space for the Fayetteville Academy, 53 00:03:34,493 --> 00:03:37,835 the local boarding school where a girl named Annie Fitzgerald studied. 54 00:03:38,373 --> 00:03:40,499 [Victoria Wilcox]: Annie lived on a big 55 00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:42,889 cotton plantation in nearby Clayton County 56 00:03:43,238 --> 00:03:47,396 and members of her family became characters in a 57 00:03:47,877 --> 00:03:49,268 book written by one of her descendants, 58 00:03:49,468 --> 00:03:52,676 the descendant was an Atlanta journalist named Margaret Mitchell 59 00:03:53,245 --> 00:03:55,848 and the book she wrote is called "Gone With The Wind", 60 00:03:56,048 --> 00:03:58,863 in which Scarlett O'Hara was said to 61 00:03:59,399 --> 00:04:01,388 have studied at the Fayetteville Academy. 62 00:04:02,933 --> 00:04:06,092 [Narrator]: John Henry�s uncle, Robert Kennedy Holliday, 63 00:04:06,548 --> 00:04:08,368 would marry Mary Anne Fitzgerald 64 00:04:08,602 --> 00:04:13,450 making Doc Holliday and famed novelist Margaret Mitchell kin through marriage. 65 00:04:15,019 --> 00:04:17,492 Life during those early years was peaceful. 66 00:04:17,807 --> 00:04:21,318 But tensions between the south and the federal government were rising, 67 00:04:21,987 --> 00:04:25,786 and the way of life that John Henry had known would end abruptly 68 00:04:25,986 --> 00:04:28,211 with the first shots fired from Fort Sumter 69 00:04:28,766 --> 00:04:32,766 in 1861 heralding the start of the Civil War. 70 00:04:34,760 --> 00:04:36,098 [Gary Roberts]: And then the war came. 71 00:04:36,597 --> 00:04:40,307 and most of the Holliday and McKey relatives 72 00:04:40,940 --> 00:04:44,756 were suddenly in the Confederate army 73 00:04:45,185 --> 00:04:50,271 and John Henry was left at home with the women folk, 74 00:04:50,752 --> 00:04:55,493 as he was the youngest of that particular family. 75 00:04:55,693 --> 00:04:58,382 [Narrator]: Back in Griffin, ten-year-old 76 00:04:58,888 --> 00:05:00,544 John Henry�s McKey uncles 77 00:05:00,744 --> 00:05:02,694 had also enlisted in the Confederate Army, 78 00:05:03,703 --> 00:05:08,533 as had his father, Henry Holliday, once a United States army officer, 79 00:05:08,899 --> 00:05:13,318 he was made a Confederate Major on Christmas Day of 1861. 80 00:05:15,154 --> 00:05:19,909 But his service lasted just over a year, as he took ill during 81 00:05:20,007 --> 00:05:23,532 the Siege of Richmond, and resigned his commission with the Army. 82 00:05:27,285 --> 00:05:30,695 While most of the Holliday family had settled in Griffin, 83 00:05:32,234 --> 00:05:34,856 Henry and John Stiles Holliday�s brother, Robert Holliday, 84 00:05:35,132 --> 00:05:37,050 along with his wife, Mary Anne Fitzgerald 85 00:05:37,635 --> 00:05:39,368 and their eight children, 86 00:05:39,568 --> 00:05:43,692 had settled in the town of Jonesboro, ten miles east of Fayetteville. 87 00:05:44,022 --> 00:05:48,871 The eldest of his children was a girl named Martha Anne, nicknamed Mattie, 88 00:05:49,071 --> 00:05:52,786 she was said to have been John Henry�s favorite cousin. 89 00:05:53,046 --> 00:05:56,164 She would serve as his lifelong pen pal and some would 90 00:05:56,307 --> 00:05:59,171 later question the true nature of their relationship. 91 00:06:02,653 --> 00:06:06,646 When the Civil War began, Robert Holliday registered 92 00:06:07,214 --> 00:06:09,222 the deeds to his several Jonesboro properties, 93 00:06:09,422 --> 00:06:12,756 put money in a trust for his wife and children, and, 94 00:06:12,996 --> 00:06:15,181 like his brothers, enlisted in the Confederate Army. 95 00:06:15,507 --> 00:06:19,832 Concerned about Sherman�s army, Henry Holliday 96 00:06:20,262 --> 00:06:22,004 sold his house and properties in Griffin, 97 00:06:22,204 --> 00:06:24,968 packed up his family and bought train 98 00:06:25,568 --> 00:06:27,694 tickets on the Macon and Western Railroad. 99 00:06:27,894 --> 00:06:31,262 Their destination would be the little village of Valdosta. 100 00:06:31,462 --> 00:06:35,647 To John Henry, now twelve years old, the trip 101 00:06:37,055 --> 00:06:38,883 must have seemed like the adventure of a lifetime. 102 00:06:39,674 --> 00:06:42,049 [Gary Roberts]: Now Valdosta was a very different 103 00:06:42,531 --> 00:06:44,016 environment than Griffin. 104 00:06:44,512 --> 00:06:47,018 It was still coming out of the woods, so to speak, 105 00:06:47,556 --> 00:06:49,290 it was not a very big town 106 00:06:49,490 --> 00:06:52,513 the only thing that gave it any identity at all 107 00:06:52,939 --> 00:06:55,007 was the fact that there was a railroad through it. 108 00:06:55,385 --> 00:06:58,774 So, suddenly he's in what amounts to a frontier community, 109 00:06:59,237 --> 00:07:01,713 it doesn't have a great social system, 110 00:07:02,512 --> 00:07:03,882 there are not a lot of people that he knows, 111 00:07:04,299 --> 00:07:05,607 so things change for him. 112 00:07:07,779 --> 00:07:10,719 [Narrator]: Henry Holliday purchased land at Cat Creek, 113 00:07:11,304 --> 00:07:13,580 seven miles outside of the town of Valdosta 114 00:07:13,780 --> 00:07:15,033 and set to farming. 115 00:07:15,233 --> 00:07:18,070 There were other family members moving south as well. 116 00:07:18,270 --> 00:07:21,241 John Henry�s McKey aunts from Griffin and 117 00:07:21,700 --> 00:07:23,791 Robert Holliday�s wife and children from Jonesboro, 118 00:07:24,314 --> 00:07:27,352 all came to stay on Henry Holliday�s farm at Cat Creek, 119 00:07:27,552 --> 00:07:33,500 while the men were off fighting far-away battles on bloody battlegrounds. 120 00:07:38,881 --> 00:07:43,319 John Henry attended the local school, the Valdosta Institute. 121 00:07:43,519 --> 00:07:49,740 [Gary Roberts]: He was popular, he was good on the dance floor, 122 00:07:50,344 --> 00:07:52,837 he had learned all the proper social graces. 123 00:07:53,037 --> 00:07:59,064 He was polite, and he seems to have gotten along well with most people. 124 00:07:59,264 --> 00:08:04,977 But he also had an ornery side. They tell a story 125 00:08:05,501 --> 00:08:10,213 that a boy challenged him to a duel. 126 00:08:10,413 --> 00:08:15,637 Now all of the friends, the people of these two boys, 127 00:08:16,170 --> 00:08:18,484 assumed it was going to be a fake duel. 128 00:08:18,745 --> 00:08:20,913 They were going to load pistols with powder 129 00:08:21,371 --> 00:08:22,308 and shoot powder at each other. 130 00:08:22,508 --> 00:08:24,541 And it was just going to be a make-believe duel. 131 00:08:24,741 --> 00:08:29,408 But John Henry, they said, showed up with a loaded revolver, 132 00:08:29,608 --> 00:08:32,171 and said that he would use his own gun for the duel. 133 00:08:32,371 --> 00:08:35,594 Well, needless to say, the other boy backed down very quickly. 134 00:08:35,794 --> 00:08:37,649 So, he had a streak in him. 135 00:08:40,363 --> 00:08:46,122 [Narrator]: When the war ended in 1865, John Henry�s uncles made their way home. 136 00:08:46,322 --> 00:08:49,542 For a time, it must have seemed that life would return to normal, 137 00:08:49,742 --> 00:08:53,015 but a year after the war ended, his mother lost her own battle, 138 00:08:53,215 --> 00:08:58,492 passing away in September of 1866 of consumption. 139 00:09:06,008 --> 00:09:08,071 In the troubled years after the end 140 00:09:08,239 --> 00:09:10,740 of the Civil war � a time called �Reconstruction� 141 00:09:10,940 --> 00:09:13,707 with martial law and Federal soldiers stationed 142 00:09:14,327 --> 00:09:16,539 in southern towns, there was opportunity. 143 00:09:16,739 --> 00:09:20,350 Henry Holliday, setting aside his Confederate loyalty, 144 00:09:20,550 --> 00:09:23,749 signed an oath of allegiance to the Federal government, 145 00:09:23,949 --> 00:09:27,106 and took advantage of the situation by becoming 146 00:09:27,582 --> 00:09:29,262 an agent for the Freedman�s Bureau 147 00:09:29,462 --> 00:09:33,996 to oversee the redistribution of land as the old plantations were broken up 148 00:09:34,196 --> 00:09:37,784 and the former slaves were made land-owning tenant farmers. 149 00:09:41,384 --> 00:09:43,435 With his new position and work in town, 150 00:09:43,635 --> 00:09:47,023 Henry moved his family from the Cat Creek farm to Valdosta. 151 00:09:47,605 --> 00:09:50,893 As the Union troops began to move into the area, 152 00:09:51,528 --> 00:09:53,309 a young man named Dick Force, 153 00:09:53,509 --> 00:09:56,214 who had been a Confederate soldier at Gettysburg 154 00:09:56,414 --> 00:09:59,624 would become a casualty of the tensions in the town. 155 00:09:59,824 --> 00:10:05,496 When 103rd United States Colored Infantry took over Valdosta, 156 00:10:05,696 --> 00:10:07,491 there was friction. 157 00:10:07,691 --> 00:10:11,251 Dick Force was arrested for assaulting a freedman. 158 00:10:11,451 --> 00:10:15,551 Four hours later, he escaped and decided to go to a party, 159 00:10:15,751 --> 00:10:18,089 when Union troops showed up to re-arrest him, 160 00:10:18,289 --> 00:10:23,926 Dick resisted and was shot, he died of his wounds four hours later. 161 00:10:25,615 --> 00:10:29,126 [Gary Roberts]: And so, they had what amounted to a local hero 162 00:10:29,326 --> 00:10:34,955 and Doc Holliday looked up to this young man. 163 00:10:35,155 --> 00:10:37,269 Who wasn't that much older than Doc. 164 00:10:37,469 --> 00:10:42,084 And so, when you consider that that's happening, 165 00:10:42,495 --> 00:10:44,881 in conjunction with a couple of other things, 166 00:10:45,081 --> 00:10:47,990 Like, for example, the fact that his own father 167 00:10:48,303 --> 00:10:51,033 becomes the head of the Freedman's Bureau, 168 00:10:51,720 --> 00:10:57,917 Doc resented that, then his mother dies, 169 00:10:58,117 --> 00:11:03,693 and then three or four months later his father marries 170 00:11:03,893 --> 00:11:08,231 again to a young woman who was a neighbor 171 00:11:08,741 --> 00:11:11,251 and very much younger than his father. 172 00:11:11,451 --> 00:11:14,981 Well all of these things increased the friction 173 00:11:15,226 --> 00:11:17,650 that he had with his father. 174 00:11:17,850 --> 00:11:20,130 [Narrator]: An attempt to blow up the courthouse 175 00:11:20,566 --> 00:11:22,124 in Valdosta was discovered 176 00:11:22,324 --> 00:11:24,891 and several local boys were suspected. 177 00:11:25,091 --> 00:11:26,730 [Gary Roberts]: I don�t think it was a real 178 00:11:26,814 --> 00:11:29,204 attempt they were just showing off, 179 00:11:29,404 --> 00:11:31,789 a bunch of boys showing off when a guy 180 00:11:32,256 --> 00:11:34,292 who was running for Congress came through 181 00:11:34,583 --> 00:11:37,516 and there was a small explosion. 182 00:11:40,404 --> 00:11:49,030 but several people were arrested and John Henry was sent away to Jonesboro 183 00:11:49,230 --> 00:11:57,214 during this time, so one of the things that�s happening here 184 00:11:57,414 --> 00:12:00,113 is that there�s this growing estrangement with his father 185 00:12:00,313 --> 00:12:03,596 and he�s thinking I need to get away from this place 186 00:12:03,796 --> 00:12:09,754 and another of the new arrivals in Valdosta, 187 00:12:09,954 --> 00:12:12,462 was a dentist named Frink, 188 00:12:12,662 --> 00:12:15,122 Frink was again a Confederate veteran 189 00:12:15,322 --> 00:12:17,330 someone that he could relate to 190 00:12:17,530 --> 00:12:20,474 he began to talk to him about becoming a dentist. 191 00:12:20,674 --> 00:12:25,261 He also had the opportunity to talk to his Uncle John Stiles Holliday 192 00:12:25,461 --> 00:12:27,008 who was a physician. 193 00:12:27,208 --> 00:12:31,360 So in 1870, he makes the decision to go away to school 194 00:12:31,560 --> 00:12:34,808 and I think everybody thought it was a good thing for him to get away, 195 00:12:35,008 --> 00:12:38,164 and go to dental school in Philadelphia. 196 00:12:39,680 --> 00:12:42,474 [Narrator]: For John Henry, going to dental school 197 00:12:42,935 --> 00:12:44,399 meant leaving the south for the first time. 198 00:12:44,941 --> 00:12:47,304 He took the train from Valdosta to Savannah, 199 00:12:47,574 --> 00:12:50,220 and then boarded a ship to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 200 00:12:50,420 --> 00:12:53,350 The city must have seemed enormous to him. 201 00:12:53,550 --> 00:12:56,572 With a population of nearly three-quarters of a million, 202 00:12:56,772 --> 00:12:59,412 Philadelphia was the second largest city in the country. 203 00:12:59,612 --> 00:13:04,124 Compared to it, Atlanta with its twenty thousand was just a town, 204 00:13:04,324 --> 00:13:07,210 and Valdosta, with three hundred residents, 205 00:13:07,596 --> 00:13:09,430 little more than a country village. 206 00:13:12,845 --> 00:13:16,211 Located in a five-story building at the corner of Filbert and Twelfth Street, 207 00:13:16,411 --> 00:13:19,210 the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery was 208 00:13:19,356 --> 00:13:21,335 one of the best dental schools in the country. 209 00:13:23,009 --> 00:13:27,287 John Henry faced a challenging academic schedule of classes six days a week. 210 00:13:27,487 --> 00:13:29,355 But it wasn�t all work for him. 211 00:13:29,555 --> 00:13:32,545 Tall, thin and ash-blonde, he was a handsome young man 212 00:13:32,745 --> 00:13:36,443 free for the first time of the confines of his conservative upbringing 213 00:13:36,643 --> 00:13:39,705 and in a city that had much to offer for a young bachelor. 214 00:13:39,905 --> 00:13:43,955 Philadelphia had its share of gambling dens, 215 00:13:44,727 --> 00:13:47,056 saloons, and brothels of which he likely visited. 216 00:13:49,688 --> 00:13:51,120 He was apparently a gifted student. 217 00:13:52,132 --> 00:13:53,216 By the time his first term ended, 218 00:13:53,416 --> 00:13:56,291 he had become adept at the academic knowledge, 219 00:13:56,491 --> 00:13:58,099 and practical training of dentistry. 220 00:13:58,299 --> 00:14:01,599 Although the college held a spring session, 221 00:14:01,799 --> 00:14:03,544 he returned to Valdosta 222 00:14:04,091 --> 00:14:07,109 where he spent the next eight months working with Dr Frink. 223 00:14:10,205 --> 00:14:14,438 In September 1871, John Henry returned to Philadelphia 224 00:14:14,638 --> 00:14:18,513 with much valuable experience that equipped him for the second year 225 00:14:18,713 --> 00:14:22,574 during which he developed his thesis �Diseases of the Teeth�. 226 00:14:23,068 --> 00:14:25,034 Each of the other requirements were met 227 00:14:25,103 --> 00:14:29,261 and John Henry was scheduled to graduate on March 1, 1872. 228 00:14:29,707 --> 00:14:33,112 But, qualification for graduation required that the candidate 229 00:14:33,312 --> 00:14:34,960 be twenty-one years of age and he was 230 00:14:35,651 --> 00:14:38,914 still five months short of turning twenty-one. 231 00:14:40,197 --> 00:14:42,867 An opportunity presented itself when one of his classmates, 232 00:14:43,067 --> 00:14:46,621 A. Jameson Fuches Jr was returning to his 233 00:14:47,183 --> 00:14:49,397 home state of Missouri to practice in St. Louis. 234 00:14:49,966 --> 00:14:53,872 Fuches opened an office on Fourth Street and John Henry joined him there. 235 00:14:55,576 --> 00:14:57,366 St. Louis was a hardy, bawdy place. 236 00:14:57,566 --> 00:15:00,485 Near Fusches� office was a theatre and a saloon. 237 00:15:00,685 --> 00:15:03,094 One of the employees there was a woman 238 00:15:03,294 --> 00:15:04,900 who went by the name of Kate Fisher. 239 00:15:06,350 --> 00:15:12,886 Born Mary Katharine Harony in Pest, Hungary on November 7, 1850, 240 00:15:13,086 --> 00:15:15,705 Kate was the first of seven children. 241 00:15:15,905 --> 00:15:19,813 Her family immigrated to the United States in or around 1860 242 00:15:20,013 --> 00:15:24,099 and settled in Davenport, Iowa among a colony of Hungarians. 243 00:15:24,299 --> 00:15:27,506 Kate abandoned her family after her parents� death, 244 00:15:27,706 --> 00:15:29,422 changed her name to Kate Fisher, 245 00:15:29,622 --> 00:15:34,286 and was likely working as a prostitute when John Henry arrived in St Louis. 246 00:15:38,241 --> 00:15:40,286 The nature of the relationship between John Henry 247 00:15:40,486 --> 00:15:44,470 and Kate Fisher at this time remains a mystery. 248 00:15:44,670 --> 00:15:49,137 Later in life, Kate recalled that his stay in St. Louis was brief, 249 00:15:49,337 --> 00:15:53,736 he left in the summer of 1872 and returned to Georgia. 250 00:15:53,936 --> 00:15:56,528 [Victoria Wilcox]: Home for John Henry now would be Atlanta 251 00:15:56,728 --> 00:15:59,542 where he would be practicing with Dr Arthur C Ford 252 00:15:59,742 --> 00:16:02,823 who was the past president of the Georgia Dental Association. 253 00:16:03,023 --> 00:16:05,334 [Narrator]: After a few months of work in Atlanta, 254 00:16:05,534 --> 00:16:07,685 John Henry was on the move again, 255 00:16:08,353 --> 00:16:10,582 this time back to his hometown of Griffin 256 00:16:10,782 --> 00:16:13,793 to register the deed to his inheritance property 257 00:16:14,446 --> 00:16:16,628 known as the iron-front building. 258 00:16:18,175 --> 00:16:23,374 By the summer of 1873, he had sold his inheritance and left Griffin. 259 00:16:23,574 --> 00:16:26,816 [Victoria Wilcox]: The popular story is that Holliday went West 260 00:16:27,016 --> 00:16:30,562 because he was diagnosed with a fatal case of the lung disease consumption 261 00:16:30,762 --> 00:16:32,562 shortly after he finished dental school 262 00:16:32,762 --> 00:16:35,686 and was told he had only three or four months to live 263 00:16:35,886 --> 00:16:40,155 if he didn�t move to the high, dry plains of the American West, 264 00:16:40,355 --> 00:16:43,655 and so he packed his bags and he went to Dallas, Texas. 265 00:16:43,855 --> 00:16:47,792 Where he quickly got tired of dentistry and became a gambling gunfighter. 266 00:16:47,992 --> 00:16:50,079 There's some problems with that story. 267 00:16:50,279 --> 00:16:53,082 Dallas, Texas, as anybody who has ever been there knows, 268 00:16:53,282 --> 00:16:58,111 is neither high, nor dry, it's just as humid as Atlanta. 269 00:16:58,311 --> 00:17:02,032 And that very year that he was there, it had just been closed down 270 00:17:02,232 --> 00:17:05,233 by a Yellow Fever epidemic and was 271 00:17:05,736 --> 00:17:07,306 actually famous in the newspapers at the time 272 00:17:07,732 --> 00:17:10,765 as being the second least healthy place in the United States to live. 273 00:17:10,965 --> 00:17:16,798 [Narrator]: What made John Henry leave Georgia and his family behind? 274 00:17:16,998 --> 00:17:19,655 It may have been his desire to escape 275 00:17:20,209 --> 00:17:22,547 the pall of a winter of family tragedies. 276 00:17:22,747 --> 00:17:25,684 His uncle, Robert Holliday, Mattie�s father, 277 00:17:26,314 --> 00:17:29,926 died on Christmas Eve of 1872. 278 00:17:32,427 --> 00:17:36,554 One month later, John Henry�s adopted half-brother, 279 00:17:37,071 --> 00:17:42,136 Francisco Hildago, died of consumption. 280 00:17:49,699 --> 00:17:53,536 Or it could have been that his desire to leave was a matter of the heart 281 00:17:54,259 --> 00:17:56,428 for it was rumored that John Henry was 282 00:17:56,825 --> 00:18:00,484 in love with his cousin, Mattie Holliday. 283 00:18:01,831 --> 00:18:03,005 [Gary Roberts]: There may be something to that. 284 00:18:03,205 --> 00:18:05,615 They had been very close their whole lives 285 00:18:06,613 --> 00:18:08,878 and remained close throughout his life. 286 00:18:10,296 --> 00:18:16,636 Even after she became a nun she kept his letters which was very unusual, 287 00:18:16,836 --> 00:18:21,100 the biggest problem, if this is the case, 288 00:18:21,300 --> 00:18:28,246 was that while first cousins marrying was very common in 19th century life, 289 00:18:28,446 --> 00:18:33,034 it was not common among Catholics and she was Catholic. 290 00:18:33,912 --> 00:18:37,001 [Narrator]: Yet another possibility, as was 291 00:18:37,196 --> 00:18:39,433 later noted by Bat Masterson and others, 292 00:18:39,633 --> 00:18:43,037 is that his leaving Georgia had to do with a deadly shooting 293 00:18:43,237 --> 00:18:47,868 that was said to have taken place near the family�s property in Valdosta 294 00:18:48,068 --> 00:18:50,435 when John Henry encountered a group of black youths 295 00:18:50,635 --> 00:18:53,129 swimming in the family�s water hole. 296 00:18:55,547 --> 00:18:57,731 [Gary Roberts]: Now there are several versions, 297 00:18:58,191 --> 00:19:02,912 one says that they were told to leave and they didn�t 298 00:19:03,112 --> 00:19:06,316 and that Doc fired into them and killed several. 299 00:19:06,536 --> 00:19:09,998 Another version says that they were told to leave 300 00:19:10,645 --> 00:19:14,514 and they became defiant and Doc killed one of them. 301 00:19:14,714 --> 00:19:20,380 and the other says that Doc didn�t kill anybody but fired over their heads. 302 00:19:20,580 --> 00:19:27,474 Even that was still tricky during Reconstruction, 303 00:19:27,951 --> 00:19:29,414 that might get you in trouble. 304 00:19:29,614 --> 00:19:30,422 Even during Reconstruction. 305 00:19:31,817 --> 00:19:34,865 I�m inclined to believe that it�s a combination, 306 00:19:35,065 --> 00:19:40,366 I think the reason Doc came back to Valdosta 307 00:19:42,097 --> 00:19:46,647 was because he had contracted consumption 308 00:19:47,778 --> 00:19:48,975 and was concerned about that, 309 00:19:51,523 --> 00:19:54,470 he may have been in love with Mattie 310 00:19:54,670 --> 00:19:56,511 and saw that that was going nowhere. 311 00:19:56,711 --> 00:20:00,266 And then he gets home, when he gets home he's an angry young man. 312 00:20:00,466 --> 00:20:07,690 And he goes out on the river, and he sees this situation 313 00:20:07,890 --> 00:20:08,890 and he fired into the group. 314 00:20:09,090 --> 00:20:17,695 Now, his uncle, Tom McKey, said that he fired over their heads, 315 00:20:17,895 --> 00:20:21,364 but what would you expect Tom McKey to say? 316 00:20:21,564 --> 00:20:24,765 So, it could have been that he killed someone. 317 00:20:24,965 --> 00:20:29,185 [Narrator]: In the summer of 1873, John Henry left Georgia for Texas. 318 00:20:29,385 --> 00:20:35,017 Whatever demons were chasing him followed him out West. 319 00:20:38,387 --> 00:20:40,523 John Henry ended up in Dallas, Texas, 320 00:20:41,582 --> 00:20:43,252 a railroad boomtown on the Trinity River. 321 00:20:45,153 --> 00:20:47,065 [Patrick Allitt]: At the end of the Civil War, there 322 00:20:47,228 --> 00:20:50,656 was a great pentup enthusiasm for Western development, 323 00:20:51,186 --> 00:20:54,714 it had been going on very rapidly particularly since the 1840s. 324 00:20:54,914 --> 00:20:58,989 The California Gold Rush of 1849 had lead a huge number of people to the West 325 00:20:59,189 --> 00:21:01,026 and so had the settlement of the Willamette 326 00:21:01,592 --> 00:21:03,294 Valley in Oregon, which was the cause 327 00:21:04,122 --> 00:21:06,319 of the creation of the Oregon Trail in the 1840s. 328 00:21:06,549 --> 00:21:08,543 This migration went on through the 1850s, 329 00:21:09,020 --> 00:21:11,078 was interrupted by the Civil War, but then 330 00:21:11,338 --> 00:21:13,988 resumed again at full speed as soon as the fighting had finished. 331 00:21:14,188 --> 00:21:18,048 During the Civil War, Congress had passed the Homestead Act in 1862, 332 00:21:18,310 --> 00:21:22,968 which gave settlers the right to acquire title to 333 00:21:23,527 --> 00:21:26,001 a 160-acre farm simply by settling there, 334 00:21:26,274 --> 00:21:27,751 and farming it for five years. 335 00:21:27,951 --> 00:21:30,695 And so tens of thousands of people moved to 336 00:21:31,096 --> 00:21:33,694 the Great Plains in order to set up farms for themselves. 337 00:21:33,894 --> 00:21:35,214 Homestead farms. 338 00:21:37,114 --> 00:21:38,331 [Narrator]: It may have been the offer of 339 00:21:38,597 --> 00:21:40,593 a dental partnership that drew him to Dallas, 340 00:21:40,793 --> 00:21:43,760 as he soon went into practice with Dr. John Seegar, 341 00:21:43,960 --> 00:21:45,517 a former Georgian who had lived 342 00:21:45,981 --> 00:21:47,946 near the Holliday family in Fayetteville. 343 00:21:49,834 --> 00:21:51,465 Dallas was still rough around the edges, 344 00:21:51,665 --> 00:21:54,118 with a muddy main street lined with saloons 345 00:21:54,711 --> 00:21:56,456 and crowded with herds of cows and pigs 346 00:21:56,656 --> 00:21:57,660 being driven to market. 347 00:21:58,367 --> 00:22:00,234 But there was also a new brick courthouse, 348 00:22:01,401 --> 00:22:03,025 two theatres and several hotels. 349 00:22:03,544 --> 00:22:09,167 In October 1873, the city hosted the Texas state fair. 350 00:22:10,068 --> 00:22:14,016 The dental practice of Seegar & Holliday entered the Scientific Exhibition 351 00:22:14,216 --> 00:22:17,548 with samples of dental work in gold, porcelain and ivory. 352 00:22:17,748 --> 00:22:22,394 They won three blue ribbons and a fifteen dollar cash prize. 353 00:22:25,226 --> 00:22:27,677 John Henry attended the local Methodist Church 354 00:22:27,877 --> 00:22:30,284 and took part in meetings for the Temperance League 355 00:22:30,484 --> 00:22:32,688 fighting against public drunkenness. 356 00:22:32,888 --> 00:22:38,553 But his days as a respectable professional man did not last long. 357 00:22:41,384 --> 00:22:43,315 [Victoria Wilcox]: Within a year of John Henry's arrival in 358 00:22:43,759 --> 00:22:45,490 Dallas he had separated from his dental partner, 359 00:22:45,966 --> 00:22:48,526 Dr. John Seegar and the firm of Seegar & 360 00:22:49,029 --> 00:22:51,953 Holliday was dissolved by mutual consent, the paper said. 361 00:22:52,471 --> 00:22:54,351 And that Dr. Holliday would be responsible 362 00:22:54,842 --> 00:22:56,305 for the two debts against the practice. 363 00:22:56,505 --> 00:22:59,772 [Narrator]: After the dissolution, John Henry opened his own practice 364 00:22:59,972 --> 00:23:02,162 in a rented space above the Dallas County Bank 365 00:23:02,362 --> 00:23:06,836 and he soon returned to the saloons and gambling houses of Dallas. 366 00:23:08,721 --> 00:23:11,755 Although the Old West has a reputation for wide open gambling, 367 00:23:11,955 --> 00:23:14,576 in most western towns it was against 368 00:23:15,097 --> 00:23:17,602 the law to gamble in a house of �spiritus liquors� 369 00:23:17,802 --> 00:23:19,510 ---meaning a saloon. 370 00:23:19,710 --> 00:23:23,400 The saloon keepers solved the problem by having one room for drinking 371 00:23:23,600 --> 00:23:25,374 and another room for cards. 372 00:23:25,574 --> 00:23:28,254 But as the sporting men, as they were called, 373 00:23:28,454 --> 00:23:31,695 tended to drift from one room to another with drinks 374 00:23:31,895 --> 00:23:35,300 and poker chips in their hands, the legal line was easily crossed. 375 00:23:35,500 --> 00:23:38,875 [Gary Roberts] He was arrested for gambling 376 00:23:40,516 --> 00:23:42,938 and a month later again arrested for gambling. 377 00:23:44,199 --> 00:23:47,316 So, he leaves Dallas and goes to Denison, Texas. 378 00:23:47,516 --> 00:23:50,372 [Narrator]: The north Texas town of Denison 379 00:23:51,624 --> 00:23:53,805 was along the Red River that bounded the Indian Nation. 380 00:23:54,005 --> 00:23:58,001 The town was still prospering, in spite of the Depression, 381 00:23:58,599 --> 00:24:01,060 thanks to the newly invented refrigerated rail cars 382 00:24:01,260 --> 00:24:05,234 that shipped out butchered beef from Texas to hungry markets in the east. 383 00:24:05,434 --> 00:24:07,098 Denison was the packing point, 384 00:24:07,298 --> 00:24:10,935 bringing an influx of workers and the sporting men that followed them. 385 00:24:12,386 --> 00:24:14,405 Holliday opened a dental practice in Denison, 386 00:24:14,605 --> 00:24:16,923 and likely spent time in the saloons and 387 00:24:17,489 --> 00:24:20,189 gambling halls in the muddy ravine called Skiddy Street 388 00:24:20,467 --> 00:24:22,790 �the first �Skid Row� in the country. 389 00:24:24,028 --> 00:24:27,159 But by the fall, Denison was hit by the same economic depression 390 00:24:27,359 --> 00:24:29,286 that had crippled the rest of the country, 391 00:24:29,486 --> 00:24:32,959 and the packing plant and the railroad shipping came to a halt. 392 00:24:34,355 --> 00:24:37,946 Without a paying clientele, John Henry�s practice dried up as well, 393 00:24:38,146 --> 00:24:40,253 and he headed back to Dallas. 394 00:24:42,816 --> 00:24:44,889 He arrived in time to celebrate the holidays 395 00:24:45,089 --> 00:24:48,256 and get himself involved in a New Year�s Day shootout 396 00:24:48,456 --> 00:24:50,328 with a bartender named Charlie Austin 397 00:24:50,807 --> 00:24:53,416 who went by the nickname �Champagne Charlie� 398 00:24:54,024 --> 00:24:55,752 for the popular song of the time. 399 00:24:56,144 --> 00:24:58,167 The song was lighthearted, 400 00:24:58,658 --> 00:25:01,071 and so was the report in the Dallas papers: 401 00:25:01,271 --> 00:25:04,166 �Dr Holliday and Mr Austin, a saloon-keeper, 402 00:25:04,366 --> 00:25:07,672 relieved the monotony of the noise of fire-crackers 403 00:25:07,872 --> 00:25:10,719 by taking a couple of shots at each other yesterday afternoon. 404 00:25:10,919 --> 00:25:13,767 The cheerful note of the peaceful six-shooter 405 00:25:13,967 --> 00:25:15,685 is heard once more among us. 406 00:25:15,885 --> 00:25:18,717 Both shooters were arrested.� 407 00:25:18,917 --> 00:25:21,419 But the law didn�t take the event so lightly, 408 00:25:21,619 --> 00:25:26,007 and John Henry found himself in jail and in court once again, 409 00:25:26,207 --> 00:25:29,544 charged with assault with intent to commit murder. 410 00:25:29,744 --> 00:25:34,399 The penalty for a guilty verdict was two to twenty years in the state prison. 411 00:25:34,599 --> 00:25:37,345 He was found not guilty of the assault charge. 412 00:25:37,545 --> 00:25:41,430 He plead guilty to the gambling charge and paid a $10 fine. 413 00:25:43,839 --> 00:25:49,579 [Gary Roberts]: Eventually he feels it�s in his best interest to leave Dallas. 414 00:25:49,779 --> 00:25:53,945 [Narrator]: Now known as �Doc� Holliday, he settled into Fort Griffin, 415 00:25:54,145 --> 00:25:56,858 which was located 100 miles west of Dallas. 416 00:25:57,058 --> 00:26:01,527 It was considered one of the wildest places in all of the Old West, 417 00:26:01,727 --> 00:26:05,645 built on a high bluff between the West fork of the Trinity River 418 00:26:05,845 --> 00:26:08,239 and the Clear Fork of the Brazos river, 419 00:26:08,439 --> 00:26:13,492 the town kept watch over the Plains Indians 420 00:26:13,535 --> 00:26:15,535 and the buffalo hunt and cattle trails. 421 00:26:15,577 --> 00:26:18,986 Fort Griffin had a lively saloon culture and when a new sheriff 422 00:26:19,186 --> 00:26:21,627 was sent over from the town of Albany to clean it up, 423 00:26:21,827 --> 00:26:24,445 the name of J.H. Holliday was among 424 00:26:24,961 --> 00:26:27,011 the list of gamblers on the arrest warrant. 425 00:26:27,931 --> 00:26:30,888 Doc was soon to encounter an old acquaintance. 426 00:26:31,088 --> 00:26:34,577 If their relationship in St Louis remains to question, 427 00:26:34,777 --> 00:26:38,630 it was not so in Fort Griffin for it was here 428 00:26:38,830 --> 00:26:42,360 that Kate Fisher almost certainly became his mistress. 429 00:26:43,884 --> 00:26:45,354 [Victoria Wilcox]: According to Kate�s memoirs, 430 00:26:45,778 --> 00:26:46,878 Holliday travelled south 431 00:26:47,078 --> 00:26:49,570 to the Rio Grande to the border town of Eagle Pass 432 00:26:49,770 --> 00:26:53,561 and then he crossed over the river to the Mexican city of Nuevo Laredo 433 00:26:53,761 --> 00:26:57,388 where he did some dentistry for the commandant of the Mexican presidio. 434 00:26:57,588 --> 00:27:00,577 It seems strange to think of Holliday in Mexico, 435 00:27:00,777 --> 00:27:03,095 but the language may not have been a problem for him 436 00:27:03,295 --> 00:27:06,735 because he was raised with the Mexican orphan boy Francisco Hidalgo 437 00:27:06,935 --> 00:27:09,105 in his home and so we believe he spoke Spanish. 438 00:27:11,922 --> 00:27:13,230 [Narrator]: But the ride to Mexico would 439 00:27:13,726 --> 00:27:15,786 have been long and arduous for a healthy person, 440 00:27:15,986 --> 00:27:19,379 and down-right brutal for someone suffering from consumption. 441 00:27:19,579 --> 00:27:22,158 Why would Doc have taken such a journey? 442 00:27:22,358 --> 00:27:26,855 The trip to Mexico may have had to do with a story 443 00:27:27,055 --> 00:27:30,824 later told by Bat Masterson whose account of Doc�s life, 444 00:27:31,024 --> 00:27:35,066 while flawed, is generally believed to be reliable. 445 00:27:35,266 --> 00:27:39,062 Bat claimed that Doc killed a black soldier at Jacksonboro. 446 00:27:39,262 --> 00:27:44,023 No such event was reported in either the papers or the records of the time, 447 00:27:44,223 --> 00:27:47,614 but an incident did occur at Fort Griffin that 448 00:27:48,033 --> 00:27:50,394 might well have been the shooting Masterson recalled. 449 00:27:51,775 --> 00:27:57,934 On the night of March 3, 1876, Private Jacob Smith, a Buffalo Soldier, 450 00:27:58,134 --> 00:28:01,071 who was �absent without authority� from 451 00:28:01,374 --> 00:28:04,486 Fort Griffin was shot and killed by an unknown party. 452 00:28:04,686 --> 00:28:07,345 The unknown assailant was never arrested, 453 00:28:07,545 --> 00:28:10,940 but Doc fled Fort Griffin around the time of the shooting, 454 00:28:12,055 --> 00:28:14,603 this time using an alias to hide his identity. 455 00:28:14,803 --> 00:28:17,427 He ended up in Denver, Colorado, 456 00:28:17,627 --> 00:28:22,076 hiding behind the name of his mother�s brother, Tom McKey. 457 00:28:22,276 --> 00:28:25,802 He took a job using that name as a faro dealer 458 00:28:27,025 --> 00:28:30,470 for gambling hall owner Charley Foster in Babb�s Variety House. 459 00:28:30,670 --> 00:28:32,133 [Victoria Wilcox]: Doc Holliday wasn�t just writing letters 460 00:28:32,333 --> 00:28:34,902 and dealing Faro cards in Denver, however. 461 00:28:35,102 --> 00:28:38,506 According to another old story he was also getting into some trouble 462 00:28:38,706 --> 00:28:40,375 with a fellow gambler named Bud Ryan. 463 00:28:40,575 --> 00:28:42,613 According to this story, he and Ryan got 464 00:28:42,780 --> 00:28:44,630 into a dispute and he took out a huge knife 465 00:28:44,830 --> 00:28:48,583 and about beheaded Bud Ryan and killed him. 466 00:28:48,783 --> 00:28:53,749 However, Bud Ryan was still alive years later as he recounted the story himself 467 00:28:53,949 --> 00:28:57,164 and amazingly considered himself one of Doc Holliday�s friends. 468 00:28:59,500 --> 00:29:01,364 [Narrator]: After months of hiding out as Tom McKey, 469 00:29:01,564 --> 00:29:06,819 Doc had returned to Dallas by January 1877 where he may have thought 470 00:29:07,019 --> 00:29:09,537 to make another try at life as a professional man. 471 00:29:09,737 --> 00:29:12,097 Instead, he found himself quickly 472 00:29:12,534 --> 00:29:15,118 arrested again on a series of gambling charges. 473 00:29:15,318 --> 00:29:19,499 The city, it seemed, was cleaning itself up and becoming respectable. 474 00:29:21,433 --> 00:29:24,642 But there were friendlier towns that actually welcomed sporting men, 475 00:29:24,842 --> 00:29:29,189 like Breckenridge, newly established and celebrating its first birthday 476 00:29:29,389 --> 00:29:31,693 with wide-open gambling games. 477 00:29:31,893 --> 00:29:34,874 But for Doc, it wasn�t quite friendly enough. 478 00:29:35,074 --> 00:29:38,012 [Victoria Wilcox]: According to a story in a Fort Worth newspaper, 479 00:29:38,212 --> 00:29:40,182 Holliday got into an altercation with 480 00:29:40,652 --> 00:29:43,099 a gambler in the town of Breckenridge, Texas. 481 00:29:43,988 --> 00:29:47,215 The gambler's name was Henry Khan and according to the story, 482 00:29:47,443 --> 00:29:48,802 Holliday pulled a cane and hit him 483 00:29:49,052 --> 00:29:51,604 and Khan pulled a gun and shot Holliday. 484 00:29:51,833 --> 00:29:53,973 We don�t know which man was in the right or the wrong, 485 00:29:54,173 --> 00:29:55,583 We don�t even know what they were fighting about 486 00:29:55,783 --> 00:29:57,867 or whether they were both just drunk and disorderly. 487 00:29:58,067 --> 00:30:01,022 But the newspaper went on to say that Holliday had been killed 488 00:30:01,222 --> 00:30:02,549 and Khan disappeared from town. 489 00:30:02,749 --> 00:30:05,375 We know their report is at least a little bit 490 00:30:05,821 --> 00:30:07,507 inaccurate because of course Holliday was still alive 491 00:30:07,707 --> 00:30:09,069 and he actually returned back to 492 00:30:09,628 --> 00:30:11,672 Dallas where he was quickly arrested again 493 00:30:12,097 --> 00:30:13,622 on more gambling charges. 494 00:30:16,681 --> 00:30:18,190 [Narrator]: Perhaps seeing the writing on the wall, 495 00:30:18,390 --> 00:30:21,772 he left Dallas once and for all and headed west again, 496 00:30:21,972 --> 00:30:25,139 back to the town of Fort Griffin where he met a man 497 00:30:25,339 --> 00:30:28,866 who would change his life from outlaw to legend. 498 00:30:34,151 --> 00:30:38,544 Upon his arrival in Fort Griffin at the end of summer in 1877, 499 00:30:38,744 --> 00:30:43,867 Doc checked into the Occidental Hotel and opened an account at Smith�s bar. 500 00:30:44,067 --> 00:30:48,706 Within a week, he�d amassed a liquor bill of $120, 501 00:30:48,906 --> 00:30:52,327 while spending just over $20 for his room and meals. 502 00:30:52,527 --> 00:30:57,665 In late September, as cattle driving season was winding down, 503 00:30:57,865 --> 00:31:00,246 Fort Griffin became a sleepy town. 504 00:31:00,446 --> 00:31:02,561 In search of business and sport, 505 00:31:02,761 --> 00:31:06,175 Doc left the town and in his company was Kate 506 00:31:06,375 --> 00:31:11,151 who by this time had changed her name from Kate Fisher to Kate Elder. 507 00:31:11,351 --> 00:31:14,480 Kate later recalled that they 508 00:31:14,923 --> 00:31:17,059 travelled through south and southwest Texas. 509 00:31:17,259 --> 00:31:21,806 They stopped briefly at Loredo, then moved up river to Eagle Pass, 510 00:31:22,006 --> 00:31:23,972 where Kate says they stayed for three months. 511 00:31:24,172 --> 00:31:27,351 From Eagle Pass, they moved on to 512 00:31:27,771 --> 00:31:29,857 San Antonio where they stayed for a few weeks, 513 00:31:30,910 --> 00:31:36,019 before eventually returning to Fort Griffin in the early spring of 1878. 514 00:31:39,920 --> 00:31:44,232 Thirty year old Wyatt Earp was already a seasoned gambler and lawman 515 00:31:44,432 --> 00:31:47,945 when he met Doc Holliday in Fort Griffin in 1878. 516 00:31:48,145 --> 00:31:51,930 He had lived in and traveled through several states, 517 00:31:52,130 --> 00:31:53,722 been arrested for horse theft, 518 00:31:53,922 --> 00:31:56,419 escaped custody, and had joined 519 00:31:56,732 --> 00:31:58,987 the Marshall�s office three years earlier. 520 00:31:59,187 --> 00:32:02,870 He was passing through Fort Griffin when he met Doc for the first time. 521 00:32:03,070 --> 00:32:07,657 The details and circumstances of their first meeting are lost to time, 522 00:32:07,857 --> 00:32:10,164 and Wyatt would not stay long in Fort Griffin, 523 00:32:10,364 --> 00:32:12,559 but he and Doc would soon meet again. 524 00:32:17,176 --> 00:32:19,673 Front Street, Dodge City, Kansas: the 525 00:32:20,157 --> 00:32:21,643 end of the trail for the Texas cattle drives. 526 00:32:21,854 --> 00:32:27,189 From late spring until late summer, Dodge City was filled with weary 527 00:32:27,389 --> 00:32:31,762 cowboys with trail pay in their pockets, looking for some fun. 528 00:32:31,962 --> 00:32:35,533 And some of them were looking for relief from toothaches as well. 529 00:32:37,959 --> 00:32:40,806 Doc and Kate arrived in the summer of 1878 530 00:32:41,006 --> 00:32:43,888 and took rooms together in the Dodge House Hotel, 531 00:32:44,088 --> 00:32:47,503 where Holliday also set out his dental tools again. 532 00:32:47,703 --> 00:32:51,068 His new practice was announced in the Dodge City Times 533 00:32:51,396 --> 00:32:56,339 �J.H. Holliday, dentist, very respectfully 534 00:32:56,830 --> 00:33:00,640 offers his professional services to the citizens of Dodge City 535 00:33:00,840 --> 00:33:02,596 and surrounding country during the summer. 536 00:33:02,796 --> 00:33:05,979 Office at room number 24 Dodge House. 537 00:33:06,179 --> 00:33:10,704 Where satisfaction is not given money will be refunded.� 538 00:33:14,274 --> 00:33:17,128 Doc seems to have behaved himself in Dodge City, 539 00:33:17,328 --> 00:33:21,569 his name did not show up in the press or in the police court records. 540 00:33:21,769 --> 00:33:25,435 [Gary Roberts]: It was one of the more peaceful times in his life. 541 00:33:25,635 --> 00:33:35,497 And there�s a persistent story and one which I believe because Wyatt Earp 542 00:33:35,697 --> 00:33:39,853 always insisted upon it that there was an incident involving a group of cowboys 543 00:33:40,053 --> 00:33:43,225 and that Doc Holliday came to Wyatt Earp�s 544 00:33:43,671 --> 00:33:46,876 assistance and saved his life in the process. 545 00:33:47,076 --> 00:33:49,222 That�s what Wyatt always said and there are a 546 00:33:49,899 --> 00:33:52,879 couple of incidents that fit the bill in the records in Dodge City. 547 00:33:55,285 --> 00:33:57,867 Dodge was a place where Doc stayed out of trouble, 548 00:33:58,067 --> 00:34:01,866 but it was not good to him as far as his health was concerned 549 00:34:02,066 --> 00:34:06,025 that Kansas High plains winters and so forth were not 550 00:34:06,621 --> 00:34:09,139 good for his consumption and so he eventually left there. 551 00:34:09,339 --> 00:34:11,490 And moved to New Mexico. 552 00:34:11,690 --> 00:34:15,534 [Narrator]: They arrived at the old plaza in Las Vegas, New Mexico. 553 00:34:15,734 --> 00:34:18,451 And checked into the newly built Hot Springs Hotel. 554 00:34:18,651 --> 00:34:21,910 Las Vegas was a sleepy Spanish town 555 00:34:22,553 --> 00:34:24,743 about to boom with the coming of the railroad. 556 00:34:24,943 --> 00:34:27,991 But it was the water, not the rails that drew him to the town. 557 00:34:28,191 --> 00:34:32,616 In nearby Gallinas Canyon was the Montezuma Hot Springs, 558 00:34:32,816 --> 00:34:35,483 famous for centuries for its healing waters. 559 00:34:40,904 --> 00:34:43,208 [Gary Roberts]: Las Vegas was a rough town. 560 00:34:43,408 --> 00:34:45,510 it had a group that was known as the 561 00:34:45,738 --> 00:34:48,500 Dodge City gang that more or less ran things there 562 00:34:49,250 --> 00:34:50,917 and there were lots of shady characters. 563 00:34:51,201 --> 00:34:54,809 And one of them was a young man named Billy Leonard. 564 00:34:55,009 --> 00:35:04,194 Now Billy, like Doc, was a consumptive, they both had tuberculosis. 565 00:35:04,394 --> 00:35:09,868 And that was something that may have drawn them together. 566 00:35:12,633 --> 00:35:15,448 [Narrator]: Doc�s friendship with Billy Leonard would come back to haunt him. 567 00:35:15,648 --> 00:35:19,071 But for now, he had other adventures in store, 568 00:35:19,271 --> 00:35:22,555 like a return to Dodge City in the spring of 569 00:35:22,996 --> 00:35:27,194 1879 likely at the request of Bat Masterson. 570 00:35:27,394 --> 00:35:30,330 [Victoria Wilcox]: Bat Masterson was sheriff in Ford County Kansas, 571 00:35:30,727 --> 00:35:32,080 home of Dodge City and 572 00:35:32,395 --> 00:35:34,611 the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad 573 00:35:34,811 --> 00:35:38,944 and the railroad hired him to put together its private army Dodge City 574 00:35:39,144 --> 00:35:42,211 was the gathering place and soon gunmen from all over the west 575 00:35:42,411 --> 00:35:44,251 were coming together there to get ready to 576 00:35:44,674 --> 00:35:47,012 go out and defend what they considered their own railroad. 577 00:35:47,624 --> 00:35:49,242 And Doc Holliday was one of those 578 00:35:49,745 --> 00:35:51,612 shooters who went to work for the Santa Fe. 579 00:35:54,517 --> 00:35:56,202 [Narrator]: They were to defend the Santa Fe Railroad�s 580 00:35:56,586 --> 00:35:59,460 right-of-way through the Royal Gorge of the Colorado. 581 00:36:00,535 --> 00:36:04,413 The Royal Gorge is a 10 mile long, 1200 foot deep 582 00:36:04,995 --> 00:36:07,557 gash in the granite mountains of southern Colorado. 583 00:36:07,815 --> 00:36:10,831 Carved by the Arkansas River, the gorge was 584 00:36:11,342 --> 00:36:13,092 once the wintering grounds for the Ute Indians. 585 00:36:14,547 --> 00:36:16,831 The 1877 discovery of silver and lead in nearby 586 00:36:17,777 --> 00:36:21,269 Leadville prompted a race to build rail access to the area, 587 00:36:22,319 --> 00:36:24,118 with two railroads competing for the narrow 588 00:36:24,690 --> 00:36:26,943 canyon, there was only room for one set of rails, 589 00:36:27,905 --> 00:36:30,437 so both sent armed guards, resulting in 590 00:36:31,180 --> 00:36:35,336 a confrontation known as the �Royal Gorge War�. 591 00:36:37,306 --> 00:36:41,021 The war came to nothing more than a few standoffs and a few shots fired 592 00:36:41,221 --> 00:36:44,555 before the Federal courts stepped in to end the hostilities. 593 00:36:44,755 --> 00:36:48,384 Doc had been part of the force that held the roundhouse at Pueblo 594 00:36:48,584 --> 00:36:52,073 before Bat Masterson announced the legal end to the conflict. 595 00:36:56,746 --> 00:37:00,053 In July 1879, Doc was back in Las Vegas 596 00:37:00,253 --> 00:37:04,256 in time to celebrate another Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe victory 597 00:37:04,456 --> 00:37:08,392 �the completion of the rail line from Colorado down into New Mexico, 598 00:37:08,592 --> 00:37:11,547 heading toward its namesake city of Santa Fe. 599 00:37:12,914 --> 00:37:16,474 With the arrival of the railroad the personality of Las Vegas changed 600 00:37:16,674 --> 00:37:20,780 from a sleepy Spanish town to a rowdy railroad boomtown, 601 00:37:20,980 --> 00:37:23,428 and Holliday must have seen an opportunity. 602 00:37:23,628 --> 00:37:27,413 He bought some property on Centre Street near the railroad depot 603 00:37:27,613 --> 00:37:29,434 and opened a tent saloon, 604 00:37:29,634 --> 00:37:31,715 then contracted with a local carpenter 605 00:37:31,915 --> 00:37:35,462 to turn his tent into a more permanent wood structure. 606 00:37:37,747 --> 00:37:39,573 [Victoria Wilcox]: ]: Of course, Doc was in trouble with the law again 607 00:37:39,773 --> 00:37:42,042 because Las Vegas had laws just like all 608 00:37:42,558 --> 00:37:44,928 western towns did against operating gambling games 609 00:37:45,130 --> 00:37:50,463 in houses of "spirituous liquors" so he just did what other business men did 610 00:37:50,663 --> 00:37:54,017 and paid the fines and went right on operating his gambling games 611 00:37:54,217 --> 00:37:57,206 he also had arrests for carrying a deadly 612 00:37:57,904 --> 00:37:59,428 weapon which was also part of business 613 00:37:59,802 --> 00:38:00,584 in a saloon. 614 00:38:00,784 --> 00:38:05,378 Because a saloon-owner was expected to police his own business and had to be 615 00:38:05,578 --> 00:38:07,770 armed to protect his patrons from violence. 616 00:38:08,427 --> 00:38:14,372 On the night of July 19, 1879, Doc got into a shootout with Mike Gordon, 617 00:38:14,572 --> 00:38:16,518 reported to be a mean drunk. 618 00:38:16,718 --> 00:38:20,958 Bat Masterson later recounted that Doc shot Mike Gordon dead 619 00:38:21,158 --> 00:38:23,529 after Gordon fired shots into Doc�s saloon. 620 00:38:23,729 --> 00:38:25,660 Doc wasn�t charged with the murder 621 00:38:25,860 --> 00:38:30,028 but would again be arrested for gambling and carrying a deadly weapon. 622 00:38:30,228 --> 00:38:33,931 The case was dismissed, but he soon after surrendered his saloon 623 00:38:34,131 --> 00:38:36,323 to his liquor wholesaler in settlement of accounts 624 00:38:36,523 --> 00:38:37,870 and left Las Vegas. 625 00:38:38,070 --> 00:38:41,870 It may have been a visit from his old friend, Wyatt Earp, 626 00:38:42,070 --> 00:38:45,459 passing through town that made Doc pack up and take to the trail again, 627 00:38:45,659 --> 00:38:48,560 this time headed to Prescott, Arizona. 628 00:38:53,721 --> 00:38:57,579 Massive Thumb Butte dominates the skyline over the city of Prescott 629 00:38:57,779 --> 00:39:01,538 in the pine-scented Bradshaw Mountains of central Arizona. 630 00:39:01,738 --> 00:39:06,218 When Doc Holliday and Wyatt Earp arrived there in 1879, 631 00:39:06,418 --> 00:39:09,148 Prescott was the new capital of the Arizona Territory, 632 00:39:09,348 --> 00:39:13,566 and already famous for its politicians and a street called �Whiskey Row�. 633 00:39:16,845 --> 00:39:19,300 Wyatt wasn�t the first Earp to try out Prescott. 634 00:39:19,500 --> 00:39:22,663 His older brother, Virgil, had arrived the year before 635 00:39:22,863 --> 00:39:25,562 and was running a sawmill in the shadow of Thumb Butte. 636 00:39:25,762 --> 00:39:29,464 He had also been recently appointed a deputy United States Marshal, 637 00:39:29,664 --> 00:39:32,881 and was making plans to move to Tombstone along with Wyatt. 638 00:39:35,275 --> 00:39:37,351 But Doc seemed to favor Prescott 639 00:39:37,551 --> 00:39:41,142 and he turned down Wyatt�s invitation to travel on to Tombstone. 640 00:39:41,342 --> 00:39:44,794 It might have been Whiskey Row that tempted him to stay, 641 00:39:44,994 --> 00:39:48,670 with its famous saloons, like the Palace, and its gaming halls. 642 00:39:48,870 --> 00:39:52,005 Or it may have been a quarrel with his mistress, Kate Elder, 643 00:39:52,205 --> 00:39:56,420 who left him and moved on alone to the mining camp of Globe. 644 00:39:56,620 --> 00:39:58,292 So Doc was single again, 645 00:39:58,492 --> 00:40:01,021 and took a room with a politician named John Gosper � 646 00:40:01,221 --> 00:40:05,847 who happened to be the Acting Governor of the Arizona Territory. 647 00:40:10,421 --> 00:40:14,701 Holliday and Gosper might have seemed an unlikely pair of associates, 648 00:40:14,901 --> 00:40:20,515 the one-time Texas outlaw and the head of the Arizona Territorial government. 649 00:40:20,715 --> 00:40:24,050 But Holliday�s Southern heritage and his professional 650 00:40:24,885 --> 00:40:26,983 training made him more than Gosper�s equal. 651 00:40:28,207 --> 00:40:30,842 So, in spite of his past troubles, Doc 652 00:40:31,529 --> 00:40:33,147 found himself back in good company at last, 653 00:40:34,232 --> 00:40:37,834 and living next door to the wealthy merchant William Buffum, 654 00:40:38,157 --> 00:40:41,226 one of the leading men in the Territorial Legislature. 655 00:40:41,587 --> 00:40:46,375 But as with most towns, Doc had soon had 656 00:40:47,559 --> 00:40:52,941 enough of Prescott and moved on to Tombstone. 657 00:40:57,198 --> 00:41:02,084 The Tombstone mining district sits atop a mesa in the San Pedro River valley. 658 00:41:02,284 --> 00:41:06,564 This was the land of the Apaches led by Chief Cochise 659 00:41:06,764 --> 00:41:09,222 and the warrior Geronimo. 660 00:41:09,422 --> 00:41:14,447 Although claimed by the United States as part of the Gadsden Purchase in 1853, 661 00:41:14,647 --> 00:41:18,103 it was still a no-man�s land for white settlers. 662 00:41:18,303 --> 00:41:23,271 At least until prospector Ed Scheffelin came along, searching for silver. 663 00:41:27,099 --> 00:41:31,513 By September 1879, Doc had arrived in Tombstone. 664 00:41:31,713 --> 00:41:33,877 [Gary Roberts]: There is a little bit of a question 665 00:41:34,628 --> 00:41:35,990 as to why he moved on to Tombstone, 666 00:41:36,656 --> 00:41:42,379 the most common one is that he decided finally to check out what was going on 667 00:41:43,459 --> 00:41:44,320 and he went down on his own. 668 00:41:45,141 --> 00:41:47,056 There are a couple of other possibilities. 669 00:41:47,256 --> 00:41:49,900 One is that he was invited by Wyatt Earp. 670 00:41:50,100 --> 00:41:52,837 And there is another that he was part of 671 00:41:53,340 --> 00:41:56,630 a group of people who showed up in Tombstone 672 00:41:57,149 --> 00:42:00,594 about the same time, that included people like Bat Masterson 673 00:42:00,994 --> 00:42:06,175 and William H. Harris and others who all had Dodge City connections. 674 00:42:06,375 --> 00:42:14,211 The problem was that there was a gambler�s war going on in Tombstone. 675 00:42:14,411 --> 00:42:20,016 The Dodge City establishment was generally 676 00:42:20,526 --> 00:42:22,554 referred to the well-established gamblers 677 00:42:23,245 --> 00:42:25,062 were mostly "Easterners" they were called 678 00:42:25,712 --> 00:42:28,523 although Eastern is relative you know 679 00:42:29,375 --> 00:42:33,144 but they included people like Richard Clark 680 00:42:35,211 --> 00:42:37,434 and Robert Winders and others 681 00:42:37,775 --> 00:42:40,491 that were friends of the Earps. 682 00:42:40,691 --> 00:42:46,156 And they were challenged by a group of gamblers 683 00:42:46,728 --> 00:42:52,184 who came out of California and other places 684 00:42:52,812 --> 00:42:54,118 but they were known as the "Slopers". 685 00:42:54,932 --> 00:42:56,565 so there is this rivalry between 686 00:42:57,114 --> 00:43:00,124 the Slopers and the Easterners and several 687 00:43:00,637 --> 00:43:05,914 well-known Dodge City people happened to come to Tombstone about that time. 688 00:43:07,470 --> 00:43:09,498 [Narrator]: The heart of the Tombstone story has to 689 00:43:10,100 --> 00:43:11,688 do with the quarrel between the Earps and their friends 690 00:43:12,430 --> 00:43:14,690 and the group that was known as the Cowboys. 691 00:43:14,955 --> 00:43:18,543 The Cowboys were mostly rustlers who lived in the outlying 692 00:43:18,743 --> 00:43:20,332 areas of Cochise county. 693 00:43:20,532 --> 00:43:23,662 They had been there before the town was established 694 00:43:23,862 --> 00:43:28,010 and they had a fairly lucrative business stealing cattle in Mexico 695 00:43:28,210 --> 00:43:30,282 and bringing them up into Arizona 696 00:43:30,910 --> 00:43:32,944 to sell to the Army and the Indian agencies. 697 00:43:34,360 --> 00:43:36,814 [Gary Roberts]: There was friction between the Earps 698 00:43:37,349 --> 00:43:39,670 as lawmen and as friends of lawmen 699 00:43:40,391 --> 00:43:42,486 and the Cowboys from a fairly early time 700 00:43:43,253 --> 00:43:47,245 but it all begins to come to a climax in 1881. 701 00:43:47,942 --> 00:43:52,594 [Narrator]: On March 15, 1881, Doc rented 702 00:43:53,096 --> 00:43:55,311 a horse at Dunbar�s stable and left Tombstone. 703 00:43:57,028 --> 00:43:58,568 He later claimed that he went to Charleston 704 00:43:59,123 --> 00:44:00,316 to join in a high-stakes poker game, 705 00:44:00,999 --> 00:44:04,356 but he found that the game had broken up by the time he arrived. 706 00:44:04,727 --> 00:44:08,372 Wyatt would later claim that Holliday returned to Tombstone 707 00:44:08,572 --> 00:44:11,777 and played a game of faro with him and was still playing 708 00:44:11,977 --> 00:44:14,672 when the word came to Tombstone that the Kinnear & Company stagecoach 709 00:44:14,872 --> 00:44:19,466 headed to Benson had been held up and that two men had been killed. 710 00:44:22,528 --> 00:44:25,200 At the request of Bat Masterson, the Earp brothers 711 00:44:25,656 --> 00:44:27,475 joined the posse to hunt down the assailants. 712 00:44:29,410 --> 00:44:31,331 Tombstone was full of rumors and 713 00:44:31,764 --> 00:44:33,808 Kate Elder, who had briefly rejoined Doc, 714 00:44:34,342 --> 00:44:37,562 would later recount a curious encounter soon after the robbery. 715 00:44:38,896 --> 00:44:41,928 Warren Earp came calling for Doc late one night at their hotel, 716 00:44:44,521 --> 00:44:47,664 and Doc left with him in the dead of night to visit Wyatt. 717 00:44:47,864 --> 00:44:51,665 He was gone for over an hour before he came back agitated, 718 00:44:51,865 --> 00:44:55,340 �The damned fool. I did not think that of him,� 719 00:44:56,035 --> 00:44:59,131 Doc was said to have repeated over and over again. 720 00:45:05,948 --> 00:45:09,177 The reasons for Doc�s concerns were soon to come to light. 721 00:45:09,377 --> 00:45:14,073 The next day, March 24, The Tucson Star reported: 722 00:45:14,273 --> 00:45:17,228 �The names of the three who are traveling 723 00:45:18,156 --> 00:45:20,825 are Bill Leonard, Jim Crane, and Harry Hickey. 724 00:45:21,678 --> 00:45:24,658 The fourth is at Tombstone and is well known 725 00:45:25,315 --> 00:45:27,398 and has been shadowed ever since his return.� 726 00:45:28,024 --> 00:45:30,030 The fourth party alluded to in the 727 00:45:31,161 --> 00:45:33,585 report was almost certainly Doc Holliday. 728 00:45:36,408 --> 00:45:38,834 Kate did not linger in Tombstone, she left 729 00:45:39,264 --> 00:45:43,078 almost immediately, believing the worst, as did others. 730 00:45:45,247 --> 00:45:46,695 The search for the bandits proved fruitless. 731 00:45:46,895 --> 00:45:51,194 After two weeks, the search posse returned to Tombstone emptyhanded. 732 00:45:51,394 --> 00:45:53,745 They had gone four days and a half 733 00:45:54,373 --> 00:45:56,848 without food and thirty-six hours without water. 734 00:45:59,095 --> 00:46:02,886 Tensions arose between Wyatt Earp and John Behan with Wyatt angered 735 00:46:03,622 --> 00:46:07,848 at Behan�s refusal to promote him as undersheriff and his refusal to pay 736 00:46:08,536 --> 00:46:10,293 Virgil and Morgan for their part in the 737 00:46:11,106 --> 00:46:13,180 search for the Benson stage robbery suspects. 738 00:46:13,446 --> 00:46:18,846 Wyatt�s friendship with Doc had made him the target of rumors of complicity 739 00:46:19,612 --> 00:46:21,005 and the gossip hurt the Earps. 740 00:46:22,322 --> 00:46:24,565 [Gary Roberts]: After the Benson stage 741 00:46:25,165 --> 00:46:28,018 robbery attempt, Wyatt Earp did something 742 00:46:28,218 --> 00:46:32,066 that was probably foolish in retrospect, 743 00:46:32,266 --> 00:46:35,873 he attempt to make a deal with Ike Clanton, 744 00:46:36,073 --> 00:46:38,404 one of the prominent cowboy leaders, 745 00:46:38,604 --> 00:46:45,571 to get Ike to turn in the three men that they were searching for for the Benson 746 00:46:45,709 --> 00:46:47,085 stage robbery attempt. 747 00:46:47,285 --> 00:46:48,765 It didn�t go well. 748 00:46:48,965 --> 00:46:53,186 In the first place because most of them well 749 00:46:53,790 --> 00:46:55,461 in fact all of them eventually ended up dead 750 00:46:56,081 --> 00:46:58,404 before a deal could be worked out 751 00:46:59,007 --> 00:47:01,004 which left them with a nasty little secret. 752 00:47:01,327 --> 00:47:07,307 [Narrator]: By midsummer of 1881, Doc had become infamous in Tombstone. 753 00:47:07,507 --> 00:47:10,510 By this time, he had legally been cleared 754 00:47:11,051 --> 00:47:12,761 of charges relating to the Benson 755 00:47:13,420 --> 00:47:16,850 stage robbery attempt and the murders of Bud Philpott and Peter Roerig. 756 00:47:17,069 --> 00:47:19,223 But suspicions remained. 757 00:47:19,423 --> 00:47:21,300 Many believed that regardless of what 758 00:47:21,757 --> 00:47:23,127 the district attorney and judge had said, 759 00:47:24,087 --> 00:47:26,819 Doc Holliday had been involved in attempted robbery. 760 00:47:27,019 --> 00:47:30,622 Wyatt Earp; however, stood by his friend. 761 00:47:34,659 --> 00:47:35,862 Though quiet and restrained when sober, 762 00:47:36,681 --> 00:47:38,718 Doc was quick-tempered and vocal when drinking 763 00:47:39,811 --> 00:47:41,676 and if he felt violated he was not 764 00:47:42,194 --> 00:47:44,238 afraid to seek redress at the point of a gun. 765 00:47:45,429 --> 00:47:48,078 He was healthier and stronger than he had been in years, 766 00:47:48,480 --> 00:47:51,525 the climate of southern Arizona benefitted him, 767 00:47:51,725 --> 00:47:56,265 even as he spent long hours in smoky saloons and gambling halls. 768 00:47:56,465 --> 00:47:59,089 He was associated in public mind with the Earps, 769 00:47:59,289 --> 00:48:03,404 but he had never been Wyatt�s lackey as legend would later portray him. 770 00:48:03,604 --> 00:48:09,165 He was jealous of his reputation and quick to brace anyone who impugned it. 771 00:48:09,365 --> 00:48:14,363 He was also, by all accounts, a fiercely loyal friend. 772 00:48:15,784 --> 00:48:19,342 So when Ike Clanton and Tom McLaury made their way into Tombstone, 773 00:48:19,542 --> 00:48:21,489 the weight of the secret between him 774 00:48:22,047 --> 00:48:23,703 and Wyatt sitting heavy on Ike�s shoulders, 775 00:48:24,788 --> 00:48:27,364 Doc spotted Ike in the lunchroom of the Alhambra Saloon 776 00:48:28,486 --> 00:48:29,121 and approached him. 777 00:48:30,508 --> 00:48:32,527 Earlier that week, Ike had accused Wyatt 778 00:48:33,262 --> 00:48:35,011 of telling Doc about the secret deal between them. 779 00:48:35,925 --> 00:48:37,278 Wyatt had confronted Doc, 780 00:48:38,084 --> 00:48:40,150 and Doc had promised to set things straight with Ike. 781 00:48:41,483 --> 00:48:43,208 An argument ensued and over the next 782 00:48:43,867 --> 00:48:45,970 few hours, tensions continued to escalate. 783 00:48:47,758 --> 00:48:49,851 [Gary Roberts]: Instead of arresting them 784 00:48:50,732 --> 00:48:51,932 as he probably should have, 785 00:48:53,254 --> 00:48:58,281 Virgil Earp as marshall just told them to go sleep it off. 786 00:48:58,481 --> 00:49:05,357 The next morning after a peculiar thing happened, 787 00:49:05,557 --> 00:49:09,017 and that is that Ike Clanton and Virgil Earp 788 00:49:09,628 --> 00:49:10,735 stayed up most of the night 789 00:49:11,554 --> 00:49:12,979 playing cards with each other in the same card game 790 00:49:13,793 --> 00:49:18,043 but the next morning, before Virgil or anybody else had gotten up, 791 00:49:18,832 --> 00:49:22,611 Ike Clanton is already walking the streets looking for the Earp brothers. 792 00:49:22,878 --> 00:49:25,645 [Narrator}: This is the beginning of what would 793 00:49:26,266 --> 00:49:28,108 become known as the OK Corral fight, 794 00:49:28,308 --> 00:49:32,355 which took place on the vacant lot near Fremont Street in Tombstone. 795 00:49:32,555 --> 00:49:36,629 The Earp brothers would catch up to Ike that morning and arrest him, 796 00:49:36,829 --> 00:49:38,744 he was fined and released. 797 00:49:38,944 --> 00:49:42,008 While leaving the court room, Wyatt ran into 798 00:49:42,597 --> 00:49:44,781 Tom McLaury and knocked him unconscious. 799 00:49:47,637 --> 00:49:52,776 Upon arriving in town, Frank McLaury and Billy Clanton encountered another Cowboy 800 00:49:53,127 --> 00:49:57,586 by the name of Billy Claibourne who told them about the arrest of Ike Clanton 801 00:49:57,786 --> 00:49:59,473 and the beating of Tom McLaury. 802 00:50:01,554 --> 00:50:06,262 Frank McLaury is reported to have said �We�re going to have to resolve this.� 803 00:50:10,578 --> 00:50:12,981 [Gary Roberts]:They end up going to a gun shop, the 804 00:50:13,414 --> 00:50:15,535 people are spreading rumors all over town, 805 00:50:15,976 --> 00:50:17,538 telling the Earps they're down at the gun shop 806 00:50:18,010 --> 00:50:19,442 and so forth, there's a confrontation 807 00:50:20,087 --> 00:50:22,245 a near confrontation at the gun shop. 808 00:50:22,671 --> 00:50:26,879 Then the Earps go back up to what was known as 809 00:50:27,446 --> 00:50:29,217 Hatford�s Corner and they're standing there on the corner 810 00:50:29,797 --> 00:50:36,509 and the Clanton and McLaury�s walk by them you know kind of glaring at them. 811 00:50:38,181 --> 00:50:40,118 [Narrator]: Sherriff John Behan decided 812 00:50:40,696 --> 00:50:43,320 to intervene and set off to settle the situation. 813 00:50:44,186 --> 00:50:46,372 But word arrived that the Clantons and McLaurys 814 00:50:47,012 --> 00:50:49,197 had positioned themselves on a vacant lot 815 00:50:49,653 --> 00:50:53,850 on Fremont Street and the Earps decided that it was time to make the arrests. 816 00:50:58,849 --> 00:51:00,295 After his late breakfast, Doc had walked 817 00:51:00,758 --> 00:51:02,856 to the Alhambra Saloon to check on business. 818 00:51:04,188 --> 00:51:07,687 Morgan caught up with him there, filled him in on the situation, 819 00:51:08,019 --> 00:51:10,449 and walked with Doc to Hafford�s corner. 820 00:51:10,649 --> 00:51:15,450 An exchange took place between Doc and Wyatt which Wyatt later recounted. 821 00:51:15,650 --> 00:51:18,315 Wyatt said that he�d told Doc that this 822 00:51:18,894 --> 00:51:21,775 fight was none of his affair, to which Doc replied, 823 00:51:22,027 --> 00:51:24,637 �Tha's a hell of a thing for you to say to me!� 824 00:51:24,837 --> 00:51:27,426 Wyatt may have further protested Doc�s involvement, 825 00:51:27,626 --> 00:51:29,498 but the matter was settled when Virgil handed 826 00:51:29,911 --> 00:51:32,867 Doc a shotgun, telling him to hide it under his overcoat. 827 00:51:33,973 --> 00:51:35,847 [Gary Roberts]: So they march up the street turn down 828 00:51:36,405 --> 00:51:38,285 Fremont and as they approach the vacant lot, 829 00:51:38,942 --> 00:51:42,133 square off and Virgil Earp with a cane in his 830 00:51:42,583 --> 00:51:44,037 hand throws up his hands and says, 831 00:51:44,572 --> 00:51:46,283 "Throw down your guns, I have come to arrest you." 832 00:51:46,986 --> 00:51:52,178 At that point, people start going for their guns and Virgil says, 833 00:51:52,378 --> 00:51:53,237 "No, I didn�t mean that!" 834 00:51:53,437 --> 00:51:59,734 But it�s too late and then explodes into what�s only about 30 seconds of gunfire. 835 00:52:25,429 --> 00:52:28,338 [Narrator]: Billy Clanton, Frank McLaury and 836 00:52:29,323 --> 00:52:31,204 Tom McLaury were struck by bullets and killed. 837 00:52:31,870 --> 00:52:34,688 Ike Clanton and Billy Claibourn both ran for it. 838 00:52:35,408 --> 00:52:37,916 Virgil Earp and Doc received minor injuries. 839 00:52:38,753 --> 00:52:40,534 Morgan Earp was struck by a bullet that chipped 840 00:52:41,238 --> 00:52:44,026 a vertebra, an injury from which he recovered. 841 00:52:44,343 --> 00:52:46,094 [Victoria Wilcox]: The story of the gunfight 842 00:52:46,669 --> 00:52:48,309 went out across the telegraph wires 843 00:52:48,983 --> 00:52:50,516 and hit all the newspapers in America 844 00:52:51,043 --> 00:52:53,426 and made instant celebrities of all the participants 845 00:52:54,071 --> 00:52:56,757 in a country that was enamored with all things wild west 846 00:52:57,353 --> 00:52:59,987 this was the most iconic Western battle of them all. 847 00:53:02,781 --> 00:53:04,337 [Gary Roberts]: The Earps take the position 848 00:53:05,081 --> 00:53:06,442 that they had gone down there to arrest them 849 00:53:07,009 --> 00:53:11,013 and that they had resisted arrest and that they were killed 850 00:53:11,234 --> 00:53:13,539 in the attempt to arrest them for wearing 851 00:53:14,072 --> 00:53:15,736 firearms on the streets of Tombstone 852 00:53:16,303 --> 00:53:18,414 which was clearly in violation of the law. 853 00:53:19,104 --> 00:53:21,520 The other side, including the sheriff, said 854 00:53:22,101 --> 00:53:24,214 that the Earps approached them 855 00:53:24,917 --> 00:53:28,534 and immediately opened fire and basically gunned them down. 856 00:53:29,586 --> 00:53:37,018 A coroner�s inquest that investigated it avoided coming to any conclusion 857 00:53:37,762 --> 00:53:41,153 other than the fact that these three men were killed by the Earp party. 858 00:53:43,128 --> 00:53:45,899 [Narrator]: As the country became fascinated by the story of the shootout, 859 00:53:46,099 --> 00:53:49,953 Ike Clanton sought to bring murder charges against Doc and the Earps. 860 00:53:50,153 --> 00:53:53,423 William R. McLaury, brother of Tom and 861 00:53:54,142 --> 00:53:56,178 Frank McLaury arrived in Tombstone from Texas 862 00:53:56,814 --> 00:54:00,105 determined to convict the Earps and Doc for the murders of his brothers. 863 00:54:01,135 --> 00:54:03,440 The Earps retained former Nevada congressman 864 00:54:04,114 --> 00:54:06,683 Thomas J. Fitch to lead the defense. 865 00:54:06,957 --> 00:54:11,426 At the end of the preliminary hearing, Judge Wells Spicer ruled 866 00:54:11,626 --> 00:54:14,294 that there was insufficient reason to believe 867 00:54:14,936 --> 00:54:16,826 that the Earps and Doc had committed murder 868 00:54:17,577 --> 00:54:19,340 and that it did not matter who fired first, 869 00:54:20,502 --> 00:54:22,252 it was the expectation that was important 870 00:54:23,119 --> 00:54:26,188 and so he declared that there was no reason to indict� 871 00:54:26,845 --> 00:54:28,812 and the grand jury agreed with him. 872 00:54:30,632 --> 00:54:32,387 [Gary Roberts]: This is really the beginning 873 00:54:32,900 --> 00:54:33,882 of the Tombstone story, 874 00:54:34,431 --> 00:54:36,683 rather than the end because it's a climactic 875 00:54:37,179 --> 00:54:38,387 moment when from that point on 876 00:54:38,930 --> 00:54:42,481 the Cowboys and the Earps are really going after each other. 877 00:54:44,350 --> 00:54:45,604 [Narrator]: The fight divided the town and 878 00:54:46,090 --> 00:54:47,135 the Cowboys were determined 879 00:54:47,676 --> 00:54:48,629 to take matters into their own hands. 880 00:54:49,930 --> 00:54:54,443 In December 1881, Virgil Earp was shot walking down the street one night 881 00:54:55,200 --> 00:54:57,276 and as a result he was crippled for life. 882 00:54:59,110 --> 00:55:03,443 In January 1882 there was a near confrontation between Doc 883 00:55:03,992 --> 00:55:06,036 and a Cowboy Doc had encountered before by 884 00:55:06,509 --> 00:55:09,039 the name of John Ringo in the streets of Tombstone. 885 00:55:10,092 --> 00:55:13,443 Ike Clanton attempted once more to have the Earps and Doc arrested 886 00:55:14,025 --> 00:55:14,866 for the Tombstone fight but failed, 887 00:55:16,771 --> 00:55:18,844 which only served to further rile the Cowboys. 888 00:55:24,150 --> 00:55:26,568 Everything came to a head in March of 1882 889 00:55:27,235 --> 00:55:28,713 when Morgan Earp was shot to death 890 00:55:29,408 --> 00:55:32,902 while playing pool in a billiard parlor, hailing the 891 00:55:33,357 --> 00:55:38,365 beginning of what has become known as the Vendetta Ride. 892 00:55:39,633 --> 00:55:41,437 Doc and Wyatt were inseparable at this time. 893 00:55:42,372 --> 00:55:43,682 Morgan Earp�s assassins had been 894 00:55:44,192 --> 00:55:47,348 identified as Deputy Sheriff Frank Stillwell, 895 00:55:47,931 --> 00:55:52,180 Peter Spence, Florentino �Indian Charlie� Cruz, 896 00:55:52,774 --> 00:55:54,693 Frederic Bode and others. 897 00:55:55,645 --> 00:55:59,970 When Wyatt, his brothers, their wives and Doc travelled to Tucson 898 00:56:00,190 --> 00:56:02,684 to see Morgan�s body on the train to California, 899 00:56:02,884 --> 00:56:06,076 where the Earp parents lived, they spotted Frank Stillwell, 900 00:56:06,276 --> 00:56:09,409 chased him down, and shot him to death. 901 00:56:13,017 --> 00:56:13,914 [Gary Roberts]: This was the beginning of 902 00:56:14,527 --> 00:56:15,603 real trouble for the Earps 903 00:56:16,337 --> 00:56:19,926 and it made it clear that Wyatt was interested 904 00:56:20,454 --> 00:56:26,016 in more than just arresting people this had become personal. 905 00:56:26,216 --> 00:56:28,608 [Narrator]: When they returned to Tombstone, 906 00:56:29,159 --> 00:56:30,465 they found that warrants had been sworn out 907 00:56:30,969 --> 00:56:32,099 for Wyatt and Doc and a couple of 908 00:56:32,625 --> 00:56:34,497 others for having killed Frank Stillwell. 909 00:56:35,117 --> 00:56:37,638 [Gary Roberts]: He still has the support of some of the local businessmen, 910 00:56:37,838 --> 00:56:40,649 there�s a confrontation between him and Sheriff Behan 911 00:56:40,864 --> 00:56:44,285 in which Behan tries to arrest him and Wyatt 912 00:56:44,834 --> 00:56:47,932 just basically brushes him aside and leaves town. 913 00:56:48,137 --> 00:56:53,322 [Narrator]: Doc remained by Wyatt�s side as they actively pursued the Cowboys, 914 00:56:53,592 --> 00:56:56,962 with Florentino �Indian Charlie� Cruz becoming 915 00:56:57,595 --> 00:56:59,567 yet another casualty of their vengeance. 916 00:57:00,519 --> 00:57:02,778 Shortly after that, they engaged in a shootout 917 00:57:03,283 --> 00:57:06,564 with Curly Bill Brosius in which Brosius was killed. 918 00:57:09,247 --> 00:57:11,383 [Gary Roberts]: After the Curly Bill episode 919 00:57:11,971 --> 00:57:17,089 the Earp posse decides it�s time to leave Arizona 920 00:57:17,690 --> 00:57:21,041 because of the pressure of the posses that are chasing them. 921 00:57:21,682 --> 00:57:24,067 With the assistance probably of 922 00:57:24,536 --> 00:57:27,131 two governors, Wells Fargo and Company, 923 00:57:27,678 --> 00:57:32,005 maybe the Santa Fe Railroad and the US Marshall�s office, 924 00:57:32,687 --> 00:57:38,000 they go to Alburquerque and from there into Colorado. 925 00:57:40,178 --> 00:57:43,123 It might have worked out except there had been a little dispute 926 00:57:43,323 --> 00:57:47,519 between Wyatt and Doc in Alburquerque they got into the first fight 927 00:57:47,719 --> 00:57:51,775 they�d really had and as a result of that fight, Doc left 928 00:57:52,781 --> 00:57:55,915 the rest of the Earps and went into Colorado before them. 929 00:57:57,275 --> 00:57:58,367 [Narrator]: The city of Pueblo lies 930 00:57:58,900 --> 00:58:01,676 in the high desert of Colorado at the confluence 931 00:58:02,119 --> 00:58:04,263 of the Arkansas River and Fountain Creek, 932 00:58:05,229 --> 00:58:06,901 along the front range of the Rocky Mountains. 933 00:58:07,427 --> 00:58:11,472 It began as a trappers� trading post in the early 19th century, 934 00:58:11,672 --> 00:58:14,358 on what was then the US/Mexican border, 935 00:58:14,558 --> 00:58:17,066 but it didn�t grow to anything like a town 936 00:58:17,616 --> 00:58:20,224 until the Colorado Gold Rush of 1859. 937 00:58:20,842 --> 00:58:23,178 Doc was looking for some entertainment 938 00:58:23,689 --> 00:58:25,803 and an escape from his trouble in Arizona. 939 00:58:26,520 --> 00:58:32,123 But trouble always seemed to follow Doc and this time it was named Perry Mallon. 940 00:58:34,186 --> 00:58:35,594 [Gary Roberts]: Mallon tried to make an impression 941 00:58:36,091 --> 00:58:37,653 on him, but Doc kind of brushed him aside 942 00:58:38,202 --> 00:58:40,655 as being of no significance. 943 00:58:41,043 --> 00:58:44,374 Instead Doc fell in with some of his gambling 944 00:58:44,777 --> 00:58:47,699 buddies and they headed to Denver. 945 00:58:48,442 --> 00:58:53,069 Doc seemed determined it�s time for him to have a good time, 946 00:58:53,617 --> 00:58:56,146 so he goes to Denver and is planning to go to the horse races, 947 00:58:56,710 --> 00:59:00,006 he�s on the train with Bat Masterson and some other guys that he knows, 948 00:59:00,548 --> 00:59:08,128 he gets to Denver and he meets some people there 949 00:59:08,716 --> 00:59:12,034 even introduces himself to the chief of police 950 00:59:12,568 --> 00:59:16,257 and a couple of other people, so he�s not trying to hide 951 00:59:16,457 --> 00:59:20,030 he said later that he was there to meet a 952 00:59:20,966 --> 00:59:23,458 mining man who had been in Tombstone 953 00:59:24,030 --> 00:59:28,114 and that they were going to get together and talk about some business matters. 954 00:59:28,431 --> 00:59:36,562 On his way back to the hotel one night, he was suddenly confronted by this man 955 00:59:36,762 --> 00:59:40,180 who jumped out of the shadows and put a pointed gun at him 956 00:59:40,380 --> 00:59:43,336 and told him to throw up his hands and 957 00:59:43,877 --> 00:59:48,413 it was this character from Pueblo, Perry Mallon. 958 00:59:49,084 --> 00:59:50,632 [Narrator]: This encounter made big news in Denver, 959 00:59:51,481 --> 00:59:53,562 Mallon became an instant celebrity, 960 00:59:54,723 --> 00:59:56,117 and it kept Doc in hand long enough for 961 00:59:56,650 --> 00:59:58,360 people in Arizona to find out his whereabouts. 962 00:59:59,582 --> 01:00:01,283 There was an immediate rush by both 963 01:00:01,710 --> 01:00:04,355 the Sheriff of Cochise County, John Behan 964 01:00:04,936 --> 01:00:07,223 and the Sheriff of Pima County, Bob Paul, 965 01:00:07,765 --> 01:00:09,383 to apply to have Doc returned 966 01:00:09,832 --> 01:00:11,348 to their respective jurisdictions. 967 01:00:12,221 --> 01:00:16,359 Behan wanted him for the murder of Francisco �Indian Charlie� Cruz, 968 01:00:16,812 --> 01:00:21,538 Paul wanted him for the murder of Deputy Sheriff Frank Stillwell. 969 01:00:21,738 --> 01:00:26,427 Mallon eventually slipped out of town after being discredited, 970 01:00:26,627 --> 01:00:29,052 but not before the damage had been done. 971 01:00:29,252 --> 01:00:33,661 The case went all the way to the governor, Frederick W. Pitkin. 972 01:00:33,861 --> 01:00:38,194 [Gary Roberts]: All of a sudden, Doc has support coming out of the woodwork 973 01:00:38,394 --> 01:00:44,453 Bat Masterson comes to town and begins to argue for him, 974 01:00:44,653 --> 01:00:50,554 There was a newspaperman named E.D. Cowan who is working on his behalf, 975 01:00:50,754 --> 01:00:56,653 Doc has the services of one of the most expensive law firms in Denver, 976 01:00:56,853 --> 01:01:04,333 he has a major mining owner with some Tombstone 977 01:01:04,867 --> 01:01:07,344 connections by the name of Crummy 978 01:01:08,040 --> 01:01:10,561 who is advocating on his behalf. 979 01:01:10,900 --> 01:01:16,110 So all of these people are saying to the governor don�t send him back 980 01:01:16,310 --> 01:01:23,672 and so what happens is that the governor of Colorado looks over the papers 981 01:01:23,872 --> 01:01:29,065 and says that there are some problems with the paperwork 982 01:01:29,265 --> 01:01:32,731 I�m not going to grant the extradition. 983 01:01:32,931 --> 01:01:37,600 besides that to make sure it wasn�t going to happen, 984 01:01:37,800 --> 01:01:45,465 he said there is already a charge against Doc Holliday in Pueblo, 985 01:01:45,665 --> 01:01:50,594 and we can�t send him back to extradite him to another state, 986 01:01:50,794 --> 01:01:54,473 when there is an outstanding warrant against him here in Colorado. 987 01:01:54,673 --> 01:01:57,381 By the way, that�s called now in 988 01:01:57,854 --> 01:02:00,630 Colorado and other places, �Hollidiaying�, 989 01:02:01,265 --> 01:02:06,137 The idea of using filing charges of one crime 990 01:02:06,718 --> 01:02:12,616 to prevent applying warrants for another crime. 991 01:02:12,758 --> 01:02:16,216 [Narrator]: Doc was taken back to Pueblo where the case against him was delayed 992 01:02:16,416 --> 01:02:19,316 continuously and never fully pursued. 993 01:02:19,516 --> 01:02:21,262 He was free to go. 994 01:02:21,462 --> 01:02:24,403 Perhaps with thoughts of forgiveness and reconciliation, 995 01:02:24,603 --> 01:02:28,088 after Masterson and others had come to his defense, 996 01:02:28,288 --> 01:02:31,176 Doc headed to Gunnison where he sat 997 01:02:31,376 --> 01:02:34,472 for probably the last time with his old friend, Wyatt Earp. 998 01:02:34,672 --> 01:02:36,754 The two men mended fences, 999 01:02:36,954 --> 01:02:38,953 but the closeness of their friendship 1000 01:02:39,369 --> 01:02:42,355 was over and they went their separate ways. 1001 01:02:48,202 --> 01:02:50,701 At an elevation of over 10,000 feet, Leadville 1002 01:02:51,239 --> 01:02:53,762 is the highest incorporated city in the United States. 1003 01:02:53,962 --> 01:02:56,894 Situated near the headwaters of the Arkansas 1004 01:02:57,428 --> 01:02:59,530 River in the heart of the Rocky Mountains, 1005 01:03:00,157 --> 01:03:03,710 Leadville in Doc�s time had a population of 40,000 1006 01:03:04,310 --> 01:03:07,612 and hopes of replacing Denver as the capitol of Colorado. 1007 01:03:09,214 --> 01:03:12,181 Doc arrived in Leadville in 1883. 1008 01:03:12,980 --> 01:03:16,017 He became a temporary member of the Leadville Fire 1009 01:03:16,530 --> 01:03:18,515 Department when a building down the street caught fire 1010 01:03:19,327 --> 01:03:21,706 and he was pressed into service to help douse the blaze. 1011 01:03:21,906 --> 01:03:27,256 The local paper, the Leadville Democrat, thanked him for his valiant efforts. 1012 01:03:28,277 --> 01:03:33,504 Doc enjoyed the sporting life at most of the 1013 01:03:33,993 --> 01:03:35,817 drinking and gaming establishments in town. 1014 01:03:36,582 --> 01:03:38,933 He moved in the right social circles, 1015 01:03:39,133 --> 01:03:40,918 and was interviewed by all sorts. 1016 01:03:41,118 --> 01:03:44,789 It is in Leadville that his fame becomes legendary. 1017 01:03:47,261 --> 01:03:53,129 It was at Manny Hyman�s Saloon, a block down from the Opera House, 1018 01:03:53,849 --> 01:03:55,656 where he spent most of his time and 1019 01:03:56,115 --> 01:03:57,907 where he encountered some men from his past. 1020 01:03:58,898 --> 01:04:01,688 Doc�s health had started to deteriorate, 1021 01:04:01,888 --> 01:04:04,979 his body had begun to tremble from the effects of his hard living, 1022 01:04:05,179 --> 01:04:08,167 and perhaps most dangerous of all, he had 1023 01:04:08,609 --> 01:04:12,056 once again encountered Johnny Tyler and Billy Allen. 1024 01:04:12,256 --> 01:04:18,964 [Gary Roberts]: What happens is that he owes a little money to Billy Allen 1025 01:04:19,164 --> 01:04:23,477 and Allen wants to collect it and he threatens Doc 1026 01:04:23,896 --> 01:04:26,910 that if he does not pay then he�s going 1027 01:04:27,397 --> 01:04:32,455 to find him and shoot him or beat him up. 1028 01:04:32,655 --> 01:04:36,529 Doc gets frantic about this and he goes to 1029 01:04:37,022 --> 01:04:41,275 a saloon and positions himself near the door, 1030 01:04:41,754 --> 01:04:46,185 hides the pistol close by and he talks to policemen 1031 01:04:46,766 --> 01:04:48,961 he tells everybody he was wanting to avoid trouble. 1032 01:04:49,650 --> 01:04:53,375 but when Billy Allen walks into the saloon 1033 01:04:54,163 --> 01:04:55,865 Doc reaches over and grabs a pistol and shoots him 1034 01:04:56,320 --> 01:04:58,694 now he does not kill him, he wounds him. 1035 01:04:58,894 --> 01:05:02,135 [Narrator]: Billy Allen insisted on pressing charges 1036 01:05:02,612 --> 01:05:03,810 and the case was brought to trial. 1037 01:05:04,468 --> 01:05:08,124 Doc was acquitted, but his illness had taken its toll. 1038 01:05:08,324 --> 01:05:11,372 He wasn�t on the run this time, but he was 1039 01:05:11,890 --> 01:05:14,394 in desperate need of a more hospitable climate. 1040 01:05:15,206 --> 01:05:16,473 [Victoria Wilcox]: According to an old story 1041 01:05:16,955 --> 01:05:18,353 out of Doc's hometown of Valdosta, 1042 01:05:18,794 --> 01:05:20,827 after leaving Leadville, he took a train trip 1043 01:05:21,299 --> 01:05:23,084 far away from his troubles out west 1044 01:05:23,619 --> 01:05:25,271 and back into southern territory. 1045 01:05:25,791 --> 01:05:28,455 The ocassion was a reunion of Mexican War veterans, 1046 01:05:29,322 --> 01:05:31,588 at the Cotton States Exposition in New Orleans. 1047 01:05:31,788 --> 01:05:36,525 Where he had a reunion of his own, with his father, Henry Holliday. 1048 01:05:37,469 --> 01:05:38,907 [Narrator]: Henry tried to get his son to return to 1049 01:05:39,372 --> 01:05:42,555 Georgia, but Doc refused and returned to Colorado. 1050 01:05:43,530 --> 01:05:47,279 By 1886, he was worn out from illness and alcohol, 1051 01:05:48,075 --> 01:05:50,108 and headed for one more mountain springs resort 1052 01:05:50,742 --> 01:05:53,062 to seek a cure: Glenwood Springs, 1053 01:05:53,262 --> 01:05:55,005 high in the Rocky Mountains. 1054 01:05:55,205 --> 01:05:58,475 To get there, he had to take the train back to Leadville, 1055 01:05:58,675 --> 01:06:02,600 where he bought a bottle of laudanum from a local pharmacist, 1056 01:06:02,800 --> 01:06:06,264 before daring a stage coach ride over the Independence Pass. 1057 01:06:06,464 --> 01:06:09,200 The pass was only open in the summer months, 1058 01:06:09,400 --> 01:06:12,316 and even then the road was treacherous. 1059 01:06:12,516 --> 01:06:15,955 But there was no other way to reach Glenwood Springs. 1060 01:06:18,810 --> 01:06:20,867 He checked into the Hotel Glenwood, a 1061 01:06:21,302 --> 01:06:23,157 modern resort that boasted electric lights 1062 01:06:23,681 --> 01:06:25,786 and running water in private baths 1063 01:06:26,457 --> 01:06:29,433 and the convenience of a doctor and nurse on staff for ailing guests. 1064 01:06:29,633 --> 01:06:32,844 It wasn�t the comfort of a hotel he had come for, 1065 01:06:33,555 --> 01:06:36,036 but the heat of the sulfur vapors in the caves. 1066 01:06:39,199 --> 01:06:41,060 But Doc Holliday was beyond saving. 1067 01:06:41,260 --> 01:06:44,796 The illness that had taken his mother had finally caught up with him. 1068 01:06:44,996 --> 01:06:50,162 Returning from the caves, he was bed-ridden for thirty-three days 1069 01:06:50,362 --> 01:06:52,780 and able to only get up twice. 1070 01:06:52,980 --> 01:06:55,780 For two weeks after that, he was delirious, 1071 01:06:55,980 --> 01:06:58,007 and slipped in and out of a coma. 1072 01:06:58,207 --> 01:07:02,305 For twenty-four hours before his death, he did not speak. 1073 01:07:19,958 --> 01:07:22,287 John Henry Holliday died at ten o�clock in the 1074 01:07:22,857 --> 01:07:25,910 morning on Monday, November 8, 1887. 1075 01:07:26,110 --> 01:07:29,737 Reverend W.S. Rudolph delivered the eulogy, 1076 01:07:29,937 --> 01:07:31,954 and Doc�s body was buried at four o�clock 1077 01:07:33,238 --> 01:07:34,832 that afternoon in Linwood Cemetery 1078 01:07:35,611 --> 01:07:37,211 on a high bluff overlooking Glenwood Springs. 1079 01:07:38,711 --> 01:07:40,774 Expenses for the funeral were paid from 1080 01:07:41,245 --> 01:07:42,823 a collection taken up among the gamblers, 1081 01:07:43,340 --> 01:07:46,077 saloonmen and other locals who had 1082 01:07:46,588 --> 01:07:48,835 come to know Doc during those last months. 1083 01:07:50,628 --> 01:07:52,027 [Gary Roberts]: John Clum, the editor of the 1084 01:07:52,638 --> 01:07:56,250 Tombstone Epitaph and a friend of Wyatt Earp�s 1085 01:07:56,450 --> 01:07:59,872 said that Doc Holliday was not a constructive citizen, 1086 01:08:00,872 --> 01:08:04,264 and that�s probably a fair assessment, 1087 01:08:04,545 --> 01:08:08,686 he had a difficult life and there are many 1088 01:08:09,141 --> 01:08:13,669 qualities that he had that would cause you to arrive at that conclusion. 1089 01:08:13,869 --> 01:08:18,171 Bat Masterson says in one place that he didn�t like him very much 1090 01:08:18,371 --> 01:08:20,875 yet he spent a lot of time with him and had 1091 01:08:21,283 --> 01:08:23,656 some more positive things to say about him too. 1092 01:08:23,858 --> 01:08:28,815 Wyatt Earp always emphasized his loyalty and his friendship 1093 01:08:29,015 --> 01:08:31,781 and his ability with a gun and he talked about 1094 01:08:32,268 --> 01:08:34,517 him being at his side during all of those days. 1095 01:08:37,928 --> 01:08:40,476 [Narrator]: He had lived a full life, loved and been loved. 1096 01:08:40,676 --> 01:08:45,431 It is unlikely that any of his family or friends were with him when he died. 1097 01:08:45,631 --> 01:08:49,241 His relationship with Kate Elder is one of 1098 01:08:49,682 --> 01:08:51,847 the most perplexing parts of his life and legend. 1099 01:08:52,047 --> 01:08:55,473 Little information on their life together survives. 1100 01:08:55,673 --> 01:09:00,600 Kate claimed that they were married, and there does exist some evidence 1101 01:09:00,800 --> 01:09:03,481 to suggest that this may have been the case. 1102 01:09:03,681 --> 01:09:07,059 But, Doc left not a word about her and Kate�s accounts 1103 01:09:07,544 --> 01:09:09,367 later in life were self-serving and defensive, 1104 01:09:10,279 --> 01:09:11,779 confused by fading memories. 1105 01:09:12,033 --> 01:09:17,168 She defended Doc against charges that he was a killer and a drunkard, 1106 01:09:17,368 --> 01:09:21,573 There was no romance in the story she told about her life with Doc. 1107 01:09:21,787 --> 01:09:24,509 She expressed resentment towards him, 1108 01:09:24,709 --> 01:09:27,094 accusing him of gambling away her money. 1109 01:09:27,294 --> 01:09:30,701 Kate died on November 2, 1940, 1110 01:09:30,901 --> 01:09:35,664 and was buried in Pioneer Cemetery in Prescott, Arizona. 1111 01:09:43,679 --> 01:09:47,473 At the time of Doc�s death, the Glenwood Springs Ute Chief noted, 1112 01:09:47,673 --> 01:09:50,651 �He only had one correspondent among his relatives-- 1113 01:09:50,851 --> 01:09:54,150 a cousin, a Sister of Charity, in Atlanta, Georgia. 1114 01:09:54,350 --> 01:09:57,135 She will be notified of his death.� 1115 01:09:57,335 --> 01:10:00,484 At the time of Mattie�s death in 1939, 1116 01:10:00,684 --> 01:10:06,264 she was known as Sister Mary Melanie and had been a nun for most of her life. 1117 01:10:06,464 --> 01:10:10,161 Her family held her in high esteem and publicly disavowed any 1118 01:10:10,361 --> 01:10:12,704 suggestion that she and Doc had been in love. 1119 01:10:12,929 --> 01:10:16,662 But they never denied that she and Doc had been close, 1120 01:10:16,937 --> 01:10:19,745 with one relative recalling that after Doc�s death, 1121 01:10:19,957 --> 01:10:21,979 �Mattie would talk of him and say 1122 01:10:22,589 --> 01:10:24,755 that if only people had known him as she had, 1123 01:10:24,955 --> 01:10:28,596 they would have seen a different man from the one of Western fame.� 1124 01:10:31,049 --> 01:10:33,951 [Gary Roberts]: Doc was a mass of contradictions, 1125 01:10:34,151 --> 01:10:43,504 he could be charming and smooth, he could be nasty and downright brutal. 1126 01:10:44,572 --> 01:10:52,108 He drank too much, he could be pathetic and pitiful at times, 1127 01:10:52,345 --> 01:10:57,271 and you feel when you read the old documents and what people say about him, 1128 01:10:57,473 --> 01:11:02,876 and you feel genuine pity for him as an individual. 1129 01:11:03,770 --> 01:11:07,298 But he is still the dominant personality in the story. 1130 01:11:07,604 --> 01:11:10,544 If you think about it, and you go to see movies 1131 01:11:11,200 --> 01:11:17,184 about all of this, the character who wins in the movies, 1132 01:11:17,893 --> 01:11:20,422 everytime, who puts Wyatt Earp in the shadows, 1133 01:11:20,915 --> 01:11:22,415 although he's supposed to be the hero, 1134 01:11:23,428 --> 01:11:27,981 you forget about Wyatt Earp and you concentrate on Doc Holliday. 1135 01:11:28,637 --> 01:11:29,588 [Victoria Wilcox]: He�d done more in 36 years 1136 01:11:30,206 --> 01:11:31,644 than most men ever dream of doing, 1137 01:11:32,125 --> 01:11:35,308 he'd traveled across the country and seen history being made 1138 01:11:35,901 --> 01:11:38,066 and he had become part of American history. 1139 01:11:38,460 --> 01:11:43,153 [Narrator]: Mystery surrounds the true resting place of John Henry Holliday, 1140 01:11:43,353 --> 01:11:46,977 with some questioning whether his family would have left his remains 1141 01:11:47,177 --> 01:11:49,537 in a place far away from his southern roots. 1142 01:11:49,737 --> 01:11:53,204 There are two unmarked graves under a 1143 01:11:53,745 --> 01:11:56,519 tree in the Oak Hill Cemetery in Griffin, Georgia 1144 01:11:57,029 --> 01:11:58,870 that are said to belong to Doc Holliday 1145 01:11:59,270 --> 01:12:01,612 and his father, Henry Burroughs Holliday. 1146 01:12:02,431 --> 01:12:04,109 And though it may never be proven, 1147 01:12:04,796 --> 01:12:08,172 there are many who would like to believe that Doc�s final resting place 1148 01:12:08,707 --> 01:12:09,951 is deep in the soil of Griffin. 1149 01:12:11,056 --> 01:12:15,160 For all his travels, various exploits and western fame, 1150 01:12:15,360 --> 01:12:24,164 John Henry �Doc� Holliday was a son of the south. 103974

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