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1
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We released Titanic
20 years ago.
2
00:00:18,435 --> 00:00:19,936
Seems like a lifetime.
3
00:00:20,562 --> 00:00:22,856
But I remember everything
like it was yesterday,
4
00:00:23,231 --> 00:00:25,066
from the first dive
to the wreck,
5
00:00:25,150 --> 00:00:26,776
to our last day of production.
6
00:00:26,860 --> 00:00:28,695
We were creating
a living history,
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so I needed every detail
8
00:00:30,238 --> 00:00:32,115
as accurate as we could make it.
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00:00:32,991 --> 00:00:34,909
We owed the truth
to the hundreds of souls
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00:00:34,993 --> 00:00:37,037
lost that night in 1912.
11
00:00:37,495 --> 00:00:39,164
Even now I feel a responsibility
12
00:00:39,247 --> 00:00:40,957
to the living and the dead.
13
00:00:41,041 --> 00:00:42,500
Did we get it right?
14
00:00:44,002 --> 00:00:47,130
After decades of exploration
and scientific analysis,
15
00:00:47,213 --> 00:00:49,841
we know a lot more than we did
when we made the film.
16
00:00:50,467 --> 00:00:52,218
So I've gathered
a team of experts,
17
00:00:52,302 --> 00:00:55,388
Parks Stephenson,
Ken Marschall, and Don Lynch,
18
00:00:55,472 --> 00:00:58,224
to reopen the case file
on Titanic
19
00:00:58,308 --> 00:01:00,143
and look at
what we've discovered
20
00:01:00,226 --> 00:01:01,644
over the last 20 years.
21
00:01:02,062 --> 00:01:04,022
We'll investigate whether
more lifeboats onboard
22
00:01:04,105 --> 00:01:05,648
could have saved more lives.
23
00:01:05,732 --> 00:01:06,917
I think I probably
would cut faster
24
00:01:06,941 --> 00:01:08,443
if my life depended on it.
25
00:01:10,028 --> 00:01:10,945
Hear the surprising story
26
00:01:11,029 --> 00:01:13,031
of how the long-lost ship
was found.
27
00:01:13,114 --> 00:01:14,657
- Did you get spooked?
- It was spooky.
28
00:01:14,741 --> 00:01:16,826
And learn how the film
affected the families
29
00:01:16,910 --> 00:01:19,454
of some of Titanic's
famous passengers.
30
00:01:19,537 --> 00:01:21,331
Molly Brown sounds
like a real pistol.
31
00:01:21,414 --> 00:01:22,516
I would have loved
to have met her.
32
00:01:22,540 --> 00:01:24,167
She was larger than life.
33
00:01:24,250 --> 00:01:25,752
We'll step back in time
34
00:01:25,835 --> 00:01:27,337
to see how our sets match up
35
00:01:27,420 --> 00:01:29,255
against what we found
at the wreck site.
36
00:01:29,339 --> 00:01:31,633
And we'll mount tests
that may answer questions
37
00:01:31,716 --> 00:01:33,760
about the sinking
that have bothered me
38
00:01:33,843 --> 00:01:35,178
for almost two decades.
39
00:01:35,261 --> 00:01:36,721
Yes!
40
00:01:36,805 --> 00:01:39,891
We'll see where we were right,
and where we got it wrong.
41
00:01:49,734 --> 00:01:51,361
Background and action.
42
00:01:56,324 --> 00:01:58,159
When we made Titanic,
43
00:01:58,243 --> 00:02:01,579
we tried to do a film
that was as if
44
00:02:01,663 --> 00:02:04,124
we had gone back in
a time machine to that night.
45
00:02:04,207 --> 00:02:07,460
We tried to be as accurate as
it was humanly possible to be.
46
00:02:07,544 --> 00:02:11,131
You could walk
out of Rose's cabin,
47
00:02:11,214 --> 00:02:13,591
down the corridor,
down the grand staircase,
48
00:02:13,675 --> 00:02:15,927
through the reception room
and into the dining room.
49
00:02:16,010 --> 00:02:17,929
It was every photograph
I had ever seen.
50
00:02:18,012 --> 00:02:19,013
It was perfect.
51
00:02:19,097 --> 00:02:20,097
And action.
52
00:02:20,932 --> 00:02:24,060
That feeling that you had,
no longer was Titanic
53
00:02:24,144 --> 00:02:25,854
just a story
in a book or a picture.
54
00:02:25,937 --> 00:02:27,272
You were there.
55
00:02:29,899 --> 00:02:33,444
James not only made this movie,
he embraced the subject.
56
00:02:33,820 --> 00:02:36,447
And the success of the movie
57
00:02:36,531 --> 00:02:40,451
made it possible
to deploy new technologies
58
00:02:40,535 --> 00:02:42,120
to explore the wreck
59
00:02:42,203 --> 00:02:43,997
in ways that had
never been done before.
60
00:02:44,080 --> 00:02:45,975
Who would have thought that
stuff would still be there?
61
00:02:45,999 --> 00:02:47,959
It's a dream come true for me.
62
00:02:48,376 --> 00:02:50,712
To me, it just opened
the door to so many mysteries
63
00:02:50,795 --> 00:02:52,088
and unanswered questions,
64
00:02:52,172 --> 00:02:55,842
and then that snowballed
into a real lasting interest
65
00:02:55,925 --> 00:02:57,135
in the forensic work
66
00:02:57,218 --> 00:03:00,471
that kind of marine archaeology
of the wreck site.
67
00:03:00,555 --> 00:03:03,183
And a lasting interest
in the history of Titanic
68
00:03:03,266 --> 00:03:05,518
and the impact
that it had on society.
69
00:03:05,602 --> 00:03:09,189
The wreck
is the last surviving witness
70
00:03:09,272 --> 00:03:10,648
to the disaster.
71
00:03:11,024 --> 00:03:13,151
It still has stories to tell
72
00:03:13,234 --> 00:03:15,904
for anybody willing
to pay attention
73
00:03:15,987 --> 00:03:18,615
and listen to what
the wreck has to tell us.
74
00:03:21,868 --> 00:03:23,828
Are you ready to
go back to Titanic?
75
00:03:26,497 --> 00:03:30,210
On April 14th, 1912,
at 11:40 p.m.,
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00:03:30,293 --> 00:03:33,588
the RMS Titanic
struck an iceberg
during its maiden voyage
77
00:03:33,671 --> 00:03:36,174
from Southampton, England
to New York City.
78
00:03:36,925 --> 00:03:38,593
Two hours and 40 minutes later,
79
00:03:38,676 --> 00:03:40,887
it sank to bottom
of the Atlantic Ocean.
80
00:03:41,763 --> 00:03:45,266
Of the more than 2,200
passengers and crew onboard,
81
00:03:45,350 --> 00:03:47,685
just over 700
survived that night.
82
00:03:48,019 --> 00:03:50,897
The wreck remained
lost at sea until 1985,
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00:03:50,980 --> 00:03:53,316
when oceanographer,
Robert Ballard, discovered it
84
00:03:53,399 --> 00:03:55,401
while on a secret mission
for the US Navy.
85
00:03:56,152 --> 00:03:58,905
His expedition changed
the way we explore the deep,
86
00:03:58,988 --> 00:04:00,198
and it changed my life.
87
00:04:00,281 --> 00:04:03,826
Bob and I recently met
at the Ronald Reagan
Presidential Library
88
00:04:03,910 --> 00:04:05,954
to take a look
at their exhibit on Titanic.
89
00:04:06,037 --> 00:04:07,705
This is the story
I could never tell.
90
00:04:09,624 --> 00:04:11,960
Bob Ballard is one of the
nation's top oceanographers.
91
00:04:12,043 --> 00:04:13,520
But of course,
what he's best known for
92
00:04:13,544 --> 00:04:15,713
is discovering the Titanic.
93
00:04:15,797 --> 00:04:17,298
And that's an amazing story
94
00:04:17,382 --> 00:04:19,550
because it turns out that
that was just a cover story
95
00:04:19,634 --> 00:04:22,637
for a mission that he was doing
for the US Navy at the time.
96
00:04:23,263 --> 00:04:26,599
In the 1960s, the US Navy
lost two nuclear submarines,
97
00:04:26,683 --> 00:04:28,810
the Thresher and the Scorpion,
98
00:04:28,893 --> 00:04:30,687
under mysterious circumstances.
99
00:04:31,813 --> 00:04:34,148
In the 1980s,
Dr. Robert Ballard
100
00:04:34,232 --> 00:04:36,401
was brought in
to explore the wreck sites
101
00:04:37,026 --> 00:04:38,736
and find out if the Soviet Union
102
00:04:38,820 --> 00:04:40,363
had gotten there first.
103
00:04:42,949 --> 00:04:44,242
My mission was to go out
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00:04:44,325 --> 00:04:46,202
to both the Thresher
and the Scorpion,
105
00:04:46,286 --> 00:04:49,664
and completely document
100% of the wreckage.
106
00:04:52,959 --> 00:04:55,461
As it turns out,
Ballard found the missing subs
107
00:04:55,545 --> 00:04:57,463
and completed his mission
so quickly
108
00:04:57,547 --> 00:05:01,009
that he still had
12 days left
to search for Titanic.
109
00:05:01,467 --> 00:05:03,511
It was actually
mapping the wreckage
110
00:05:03,594 --> 00:05:05,263
that told me
how to find the Titanic.
111
00:05:05,972 --> 00:05:08,516
When the Thresher
and the Scorpion imploded,
112
00:05:08,599 --> 00:05:11,269
all these pieces
came falling down
113
00:05:11,352 --> 00:05:12,353
to the ocean floor.
114
00:05:12,437 --> 00:05:13,938
So as it was falling down,
115
00:05:14,022 --> 00:05:17,066
the currents carried it
for over a mile.
116
00:05:17,150 --> 00:05:19,027
It was a comet of debris.
117
00:05:19,110 --> 00:05:20,987
So instead of looking
for Titanic,
118
00:05:21,070 --> 00:05:22,905
I looked for its debris.
119
00:05:23,781 --> 00:05:26,409
When the Carpathia
got the distress call,
120
00:05:26,492 --> 00:05:27,952
- it was down here.
- Yeah.
121
00:05:28,036 --> 00:05:29,829
Headed to the reported position.
122
00:05:29,912 --> 00:05:31,724
- Ran into them early. Yeah.
- Ahead of schedule.
123
00:05:31,748 --> 00:05:32,915
So I said,
124
00:05:32,999 --> 00:05:35,835
"What's the error of celestial
navigation back then?"
Five miles.
125
00:05:35,918 --> 00:05:37,295
So I said,
"Let's go another five."
126
00:05:37,378 --> 00:05:38,713
It has to be to the north.
127
00:05:38,796 --> 00:05:40,716
Yeah, right. So then
you just run straight north?
128
00:05:40,757 --> 00:05:43,343
So I then, I run
east-west lines across...
129
00:05:43,426 --> 00:05:45,066
- The intersect...
- Across, across the...
130
00:05:45,136 --> 00:05:47,972
the intersect,
but space them 0.9 miles.
131
00:05:48,389 --> 00:05:50,516
And if I don't get it,
interspace 'em at half.
132
00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:52,185
But you already knew
that at that depth
133
00:05:52,268 --> 00:05:53,620
the debris field would be
more than a mile.
134
00:05:53,644 --> 00:05:54,644
- Roughly a mile.
- Yeah.
135
00:05:54,687 --> 00:05:57,065
So I cheated a little,
I said, "Let's do 0.9."
136
00:05:57,148 --> 00:05:58,148
That's pretty smart.
137
00:05:58,191 --> 00:06:00,485
And then if I don't get it,
I'll just interlace.
138
00:06:00,568 --> 00:06:01,402
Yeah, right.
139
00:06:01,486 --> 00:06:03,529
So we began running
lines back and forth
140
00:06:03,613 --> 00:06:06,824
and on the ninth line,
hit the debris.
141
00:06:06,908 --> 00:06:07,742
- Well...
- Did you know...
142
00:06:07,825 --> 00:06:09,762
You didn't know it was Titanic
until you saw the boiler.
143
00:06:09,786 --> 00:06:11,287
No. We didn't... Correct.
144
00:06:11,371 --> 00:06:12,205
Wreckage.
145
00:06:12,288 --> 00:06:14,040
Bingo! Yeah!
146
00:06:14,123 --> 00:06:15,875
"Somebody ought to go
get Bob..."
147
00:06:15,958 --> 00:06:18,669
For some reason that night,
I just wasn't sleeping.
148
00:06:18,753 --> 00:06:20,046
And a knock on the door,
149
00:06:20,129 --> 00:06:22,840
this is now at 2:00
in the morning,
150
00:06:22,924 --> 00:06:24,217
and the cook stuck his head in,
151
00:06:24,300 --> 00:06:27,220
and he said, "The guys
think you might want..."
152
00:06:27,303 --> 00:06:30,765
He didn't even finish
the sentence and I was past him.
153
00:06:31,974 --> 00:06:34,185
And I got into
the command center
154
00:06:34,268 --> 00:06:36,896
and just as I entered
the command center,
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they went over the boiler.
156
00:06:38,523 --> 00:06:40,858
Boiler alert!
I got boiler!
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Yes, yes.
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00:06:43,694 --> 00:06:47,448
We knew it wasn't any wreck,
it was the Titanic.
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00:06:47,532 --> 00:06:51,327
And it was like scoring
the winning goal at the buzzer.
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00:06:51,994 --> 00:06:54,705
So our reaction was jubilant,
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00:06:55,289 --> 00:06:58,167
jumping up and down,
celebrating.
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00:07:00,211 --> 00:07:04,215
And then someone said,
"She sinks in 20 minutes."
163
00:07:04,966 --> 00:07:07,593
And that innocent comment
164
00:07:08,469 --> 00:07:09,470
was devastating
165
00:07:09,554 --> 00:07:13,474
'cause what were we doing
celebrating anything?
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00:07:13,558 --> 00:07:14,725
We were embarrassed
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00:07:15,143 --> 00:07:17,520
that we were dancing
on someone's grave.
168
00:07:17,603 --> 00:07:21,023
So I just said, "Stop the ship,
I'm going outside."
169
00:07:21,107 --> 00:07:24,694
We went out on the fantail
and we had a private memorial.
170
00:07:25,528 --> 00:07:26,821
And that was it.
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00:07:27,864 --> 00:07:29,115
Everybody that dives Titanic
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00:07:29,198 --> 00:07:31,242
has their own story
of seeing it for the first time.
173
00:07:31,325 --> 00:07:34,328
And probably the most
frequently asked question
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00:07:34,412 --> 00:07:35,913
to me is,
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00:07:35,997 --> 00:07:38,249
"What was it like seeing
the wreck for the first time?"
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00:07:38,332 --> 00:07:39,601
I get asked,
"Hey, what was it like?"
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00:07:39,625 --> 00:07:41,544
And I always
wanna tell them the story
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00:07:41,627 --> 00:07:43,504
they want to hear, which was,
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00:07:43,588 --> 00:07:45,339
there she was in, you know,
180
00:07:45,423 --> 00:07:49,510
this beautiful, stately ruin
coming out of the darkness.
181
00:07:49,594 --> 00:07:51,012
- That's not what happened.
- No.
182
00:07:51,095 --> 00:07:52,448
It's like a cliff.
Oh, I remember
when we...
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00:07:52,472 --> 00:07:55,224
This was where we came in,
we landed here and...
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It's a cliff.
185
00:07:56,309 --> 00:07:57,810
The, you know,
the Wall of China...
186
00:07:57,894 --> 00:07:58,894
I mean, it's just a wall.
187
00:07:58,936 --> 00:08:01,564
And the first thing I recognized
188
00:08:02,106 --> 00:08:03,774
was the anti-fouling paint.
189
00:08:03,858 --> 00:08:05,335
Yeah, the red,
the red paint, right?
It was pink.
190
00:08:05,359 --> 00:08:06,152
It was still pink.
191
00:08:06,235 --> 00:08:07,796
And I said, "Too bad they
didn't paint the whole ship
192
00:08:07,820 --> 00:08:08,696
with that stuff."
193
00:08:08,779 --> 00:08:10,466
And the bilge keel
was sitting on top of the sand.
Exactly.
194
00:08:10,490 --> 00:08:12,283
Back, back here.
It was right,
right there.
195
00:08:12,366 --> 00:08:14,011
And then, the pilot,
he said, "We gotta go."
196
00:08:14,035 --> 00:08:14,869
Yeah.
197
00:08:14,952 --> 00:08:18,289
So he dropped his weights
and then we began our ascent.
198
00:08:18,372 --> 00:08:19,665
But then these eyes...
199
00:08:19,749 --> 00:08:21,417
Yeah, which is
your lights kicking back.
200
00:08:21,501 --> 00:08:23,794
Your lights,
all the eyes of the Ti...
201
00:08:23,878 --> 00:08:25,922
Like, the people in,
were looking at us.
202
00:08:26,005 --> 00:08:27,691
- Did you get spooked?
- It was spooky, yeah.
203
00:08:27,715 --> 00:08:29,467
- 'Cause we were now
in free ascent.
Yeah.
204
00:08:29,550 --> 00:08:32,030
There was no...
You couldn't stop,
you dropped all your weights.
205
00:08:32,094 --> 00:08:34,722
And it was just all these eyes
and then we cleared it.
206
00:08:34,805 --> 00:08:36,098
It was amazing.
207
00:08:36,807 --> 00:08:38,809
That's pretty much
what it looked like to me
208
00:08:38,893 --> 00:08:41,521
the first time, except we were
down here someplace.
209
00:08:41,604 --> 00:08:44,065
And we came in on her,
right about here.
210
00:08:44,148 --> 00:08:46,734
Yeah.
And we had come
across this bermed-up mud.
211
00:08:46,817 --> 00:08:47,693
Yeah, yeah.
212
00:08:47,777 --> 00:08:50,655
He came up
and we just cleared here.
Yeah, all right.
213
00:08:50,738 --> 00:08:52,299
And then we wound up
sitting up here.
Yeah.
214
00:08:52,323 --> 00:08:53,741
But there's also nothing cooler
215
00:08:53,824 --> 00:08:55,743
than coming up on her
from the, from the...
216
00:08:55,826 --> 00:08:57,721
Yeah.
That was our second...
That's the money shot.
217
00:08:57,745 --> 00:08:59,056
And that's the money shot
looking up.
218
00:08:59,080 --> 00:09:01,832
We did it for fake in the movie,
219
00:09:01,916 --> 00:09:06,045
and it's the transition shot
where it goes into 1912.
220
00:09:06,420 --> 00:09:09,340
So we come past,
past Old Rose's face.
221
00:09:09,423 --> 00:09:12,468
We come to that shot
of the stem, the vertical bow,
222
00:09:12,552 --> 00:09:15,012
and then we-we
transition into 1912
223
00:09:15,096 --> 00:09:17,348
where we crane up over it
and we see the whole ship.
224
00:09:20,059 --> 00:09:21,727
Come on, get a rope.
225
00:09:30,152 --> 00:09:31,946
You won't find
bodies at Titanic.
226
00:09:32,029 --> 00:09:33,447
Uh, you won't find skeletons,
227
00:09:33,531 --> 00:09:35,658
the bones actually
dissolve into solution
228
00:09:35,741 --> 00:09:37,326
very rapidly at that depth.
229
00:09:37,410 --> 00:09:39,537
What anybody
who's explored the wreck finds
230
00:09:39,620 --> 00:09:40,955
is pairs of shoes.
231
00:09:44,667 --> 00:09:47,712
Takes years
for a skeleton to vanish,
232
00:09:47,795 --> 00:09:51,132
but the shoes,
treated with tannic acid,
233
00:09:52,008 --> 00:09:53,134
they won't eat 'em.
234
00:09:53,217 --> 00:09:56,095
So all around the Titanic
are the shoes.
235
00:10:03,060 --> 00:10:04,937
There's a scene
where we were filming
236
00:10:05,646 --> 00:10:09,025
and we came across
a pair of women's shoes.
237
00:10:09,108 --> 00:10:10,108
Yeah.
238
00:10:10,151 --> 00:10:12,528
Next to
a pair of girl's shoes.
These were people.
239
00:10:12,612 --> 00:10:13,772
These were people whose shoes
240
00:10:13,821 --> 00:10:16,008
- got to the bottom on people.
- Those double, double...
241
00:10:16,032 --> 00:10:17,617
- They were in their cabin...
- Yeah.
242
00:10:17,700 --> 00:10:19,827
Because the cabin
was all around them,
243
00:10:19,910 --> 00:10:20,911
the destruction of it.
244
00:10:20,995 --> 00:10:22,705
And there was a hand mirror...
245
00:10:22,788 --> 00:10:24,165
- Yeah, yeah.
- Next to them.
246
00:10:24,248 --> 00:10:27,126
And a comb and then a bone comb.
247
00:10:27,209 --> 00:10:30,546
So I can imagine her
holding the mirror
248
00:10:30,630 --> 00:10:32,340
as her mother combed her hair
249
00:10:32,423 --> 00:10:34,067
- and then put the bone comb...
- You create a whole...
250
00:10:34,091 --> 00:10:35,902
You create a whole story.
This is the human element.
251
00:10:35,926 --> 00:10:38,304
This is what people touched,
it's what they lived with.
252
00:10:38,387 --> 00:10:39,387
Amazing.
253
00:10:46,312 --> 00:10:47,730
It's pretty daunting
when you see
254
00:10:47,813 --> 00:10:48,853
all the names all at once.
255
00:10:48,898 --> 00:10:50,858
- Exactly. I mean...
- How many people?
256
00:10:50,941 --> 00:10:53,277
In this? 1,496 people.
257
00:10:54,153 --> 00:10:56,697
You know, imagine all of these
people out there in the ocean.
258
00:10:56,781 --> 00:10:59,659
This is the crowd
that was floating at sea.
259
00:11:02,828 --> 00:11:06,040
Yeah, you get so into
the forensics of it.
260
00:11:06,123 --> 00:11:07,750
- Yeah, yes.
- You know, and, uh...
261
00:11:07,833 --> 00:11:09,251
studying the wreck
and the breakup
262
00:11:09,335 --> 00:11:11,396
of the wreck and discovering
the artifacts and so on,
263
00:11:11,420 --> 00:11:15,299
you really lose sight of
the human tragedy sometimes.
264
00:11:15,383 --> 00:11:17,426
I know, I know that
that was an epiphany for me
265
00:11:17,510 --> 00:11:19,303
when I was there
at the wreck the first time,
266
00:11:20,262 --> 00:11:21,722
you know, how that hit me.
267
00:11:22,306 --> 00:11:23,891
And I'd been studying it
for months,
268
00:11:23,974 --> 00:11:25,351
you know, but it wasn't,
269
00:11:25,434 --> 00:11:27,937
now it wasn't at a remove,
it wasn't a myth anymore.
270
00:11:28,020 --> 00:11:29,063
These were real people.
271
00:11:29,146 --> 00:11:30,022
Yeah, yeah.
272
00:11:30,106 --> 00:11:31,691
Everybody had a family somewhere
273
00:11:31,774 --> 00:11:33,359
that's probably
affected to this day.
274
00:11:36,737 --> 00:11:37,822
- Hi, Paul.
- Paul is the...
275
00:11:37,905 --> 00:11:40,074
Great-grandson
of Isidor and Ida Straus.
276
00:11:40,157 --> 00:11:41,157
I know their story well.
277
00:11:43,494 --> 00:11:44,680
I wanted to meet
with the families
278
00:11:44,704 --> 00:11:47,039
of Titanic victims
and survivors,
279
00:11:47,123 --> 00:11:50,042
to hear their stories
and learn how they felt
280
00:11:50,126 --> 00:11:52,461
about how I depicted
their ancestors.
281
00:11:52,837 --> 00:11:54,338
I started with Paul Kurzman.
282
00:11:54,880 --> 00:11:57,216
His great-grandfather
Isidor Straus
283
00:11:57,299 --> 00:11:58,676
was a self-made millionaire
284
00:11:58,759 --> 00:12:00,302
and a former congressman.
285
00:12:00,386 --> 00:12:04,473
He and his wife, Ida, chose to
die together on the Titanic.
286
00:12:04,557 --> 00:12:06,350
The story, as you know so well,
287
00:12:06,851 --> 00:12:08,978
is that she got into a lifeboat.
288
00:12:09,061 --> 00:12:10,521
Women and children did,
289
00:12:10,604 --> 00:12:13,149
and expected her husband,
Isidor, to follow.
290
00:12:13,232 --> 00:12:14,108
To come in, yeah.
291
00:12:14,191 --> 00:12:17,111
And he said,
"I will not enter a lifeboat
292
00:12:17,194 --> 00:12:20,531
"until I see that all the women
and children onboard
293
00:12:20,614 --> 00:12:21,782
are in lifeboats."
294
00:12:21,866 --> 00:12:22,742
And she said...
295
00:12:22,825 --> 00:12:23,826
No!
296
00:12:24,702 --> 00:12:27,037
We've been together
for 40 years.
297
00:12:27,121 --> 00:12:29,498
And where you go, I go.
298
00:12:29,582 --> 00:12:31,625
Don't argue with me, Isidor.
299
00:12:32,501 --> 00:12:34,044
You know it does no good.
300
00:12:34,128 --> 00:12:37,548
"We will be on the ship
together as it goes down.
301
00:12:38,048 --> 00:12:41,927
We will die
as we have lived, together."
302
00:12:43,345 --> 00:12:45,389
When they found Isidor's body,
303
00:12:45,473 --> 00:12:49,727
they found a locket
with initials, Isidor Straus.
304
00:12:50,853 --> 00:12:54,982
- Here is a picture
of their eldest son, Jesse.
Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm.
305
00:12:55,065 --> 00:12:58,652
And here is a picture
of their eldest daughter, Sara.
306
00:12:58,736 --> 00:13:00,176
- Your grandmother.
- My grandmother.
307
00:13:00,237 --> 00:13:01,322
Your grandmother.
308
00:13:02,156 --> 00:13:03,491
So, that's what he...
309
00:13:03,574 --> 00:13:05,785
That's what he kept
close to his heart.
310
00:13:05,868 --> 00:13:10,164
And this is the most
precious item in my life.
311
00:13:10,247 --> 00:13:12,416
Right. That's powerful.
That's powerful.
312
00:13:13,292 --> 00:13:15,002
When the end of the film came,
313
00:13:15,085 --> 00:13:16,378
I didn't wanna move.
314
00:13:16,462 --> 00:13:17,880
I didn't wanna
leave the theater.
315
00:13:17,963 --> 00:13:19,924
- Well, thanks.
- I was captured.
316
00:13:20,007 --> 00:13:22,092
It was really the accuracy,
317
00:13:22,176 --> 00:13:24,720
the work that you did
as director toward
318
00:13:24,804 --> 00:13:26,680
ensuring authenticity
of the film.
319
00:13:26,764 --> 00:13:27,807
It wasn't just me, though.
320
00:13:27,890 --> 00:13:30,351
It wasn't just me,
because once we had
dived to the wreck,
321
00:13:30,434 --> 00:13:31,769
everybody who came aboard,
322
00:13:31,852 --> 00:13:34,230
production designer,
costume designer,
323
00:13:34,313 --> 00:13:37,441
everyone felt that we had
to live up to that standard.
324
00:13:39,235 --> 00:13:40,235
Twenty years ago,
325
00:13:40,277 --> 00:13:43,489
we tried to bring Titanic
to life without compromise.
326
00:13:44,031 --> 00:13:46,784
We did the best we could
with the information we had.
327
00:13:47,117 --> 00:13:50,496
But since then, I've made
33 dives to the wreck site
328
00:13:50,579 --> 00:13:53,582
and I've discovered surprising
new things about the ship
329
00:13:53,666 --> 00:13:56,836
and solved mysteries that have
puzzled explorers for decades.
330
00:14:02,883 --> 00:14:04,218
For the movie Titanic,
331
00:14:04,301 --> 00:14:06,053
we unearthed
every known photograph,
332
00:14:06,136 --> 00:14:08,347
poured over
architectural drawings,
333
00:14:08,764 --> 00:14:10,474
and built our ship
rivet by rivet,
334
00:14:11,016 --> 00:14:13,435
making sure everything
was in its rightful place,
335
00:14:13,811 --> 00:14:16,355
as was known back in 1996.
336
00:14:17,106 --> 00:14:19,567
Today at the
Reagan Library Exhibit,
337
00:14:19,650 --> 00:14:21,402
we'll look back at
some of our film sets
338
00:14:21,485 --> 00:14:24,655
armed with ROV footage
from my 33 dives to the wreck
339
00:14:24,738 --> 00:14:25,948
to see what we got right
340
00:14:26,031 --> 00:14:27,031
and what we didn't.
341
00:14:29,076 --> 00:14:31,078
It's quite proper, I assure you.
342
00:14:31,161 --> 00:14:32,580
This is the sitting room.
343
00:14:34,582 --> 00:14:38,460
Wow. So they've
completely rebuilt the set.
344
00:14:38,544 --> 00:14:40,522
You know, I haven't seen this
since we made the film
345
00:14:40,546 --> 00:14:41,690
- 20 years ago.
- Isn't this great?
346
00:14:41,714 --> 00:14:42,965
It's great, yeah.
347
00:14:43,048 --> 00:14:45,676
This was like one of our
first couple days of shooting.
348
00:14:45,759 --> 00:14:47,052
And one of the very first things
349
00:14:47,136 --> 00:14:50,055
that Kate Winslet
and Leonardo had to do were,
350
00:14:50,723 --> 00:14:51,723
you know, get naked.
351
00:14:52,683 --> 00:14:56,979
We were inspired by
this Regency motif
352
00:14:57,062 --> 00:14:58,564
that was known to be on Olympic
353
00:14:58,647 --> 00:15:01,775
and known to be on Titanic
in other rooms,
354
00:15:01,859 --> 00:15:03,527
and we placed it into the...
355
00:15:03,611 --> 00:15:05,321
A portside millionaire's suite,
356
00:15:05,404 --> 00:15:06,715
- the three-room suite.
- Yes. Yes.
357
00:15:06,739 --> 00:15:07,966
Because nobody knew
what was in there.
358
00:15:07,990 --> 00:15:09,134
We didn't know that at the time.
359
00:15:09,158 --> 00:15:11,243
I was
working in what was not known.
360
00:15:11,327 --> 00:15:13,454
The crazy thing about all this
361
00:15:14,246 --> 00:15:15,956
is we made the movie in '96,
362
00:15:16,040 --> 00:15:21,587
and in 2005 we got into
the Straus suite on B deck,
363
00:15:21,670 --> 00:15:23,648
and it looked just like
the fake set that we have built.
364
00:15:23,672 --> 00:15:25,299
The most excited
I've ever seen you.
365
00:15:25,382 --> 00:15:27,885
Oh, man.
That, that was, like,
I was geeking out.
366
00:15:27,968 --> 00:15:29,803
Oh, say, it's not the clock.
367
00:15:29,887 --> 00:15:31,388
It's... It looks like
a clock to me.
368
00:15:31,472 --> 00:15:33,223
Say it, it's
not the clock on the mantel.
369
00:15:33,307 --> 00:15:34,308
Oh, my God!
370
00:15:34,391 --> 00:15:35,601
And look at the, the woodwork.
371
00:15:35,684 --> 00:15:36,684
This is outrageous.
372
00:15:36,727 --> 00:15:37,811
It was just sitting there.
373
00:15:37,895 --> 00:15:39,813
KEN It was utterly surreal.
374
00:15:39,897 --> 00:15:43,776
It was like a little
bubble of perfect preservation.
375
00:15:43,859 --> 00:15:44,860
Oh, it's unbelievable.
376
00:15:44,944 --> 00:15:46,528
If you wrote a screenplay
with that,
377
00:15:46,612 --> 00:15:48,447
it's almost, you know,
like, pushing it.
378
00:15:48,530 --> 00:15:49,698
Yeah, sure, the clock's gonna
379
00:15:49,782 --> 00:15:50,884
still be sitting on the mantel.
380
00:15:50,908 --> 00:15:52,302
- It was.
- Of course it was attached
381
00:15:52,326 --> 00:15:54,870
for heavy seas in
the North Atlantic, but that it,
382
00:15:54,954 --> 00:15:56,997
that nothing hit it,
that no furniture floating
383
00:15:57,081 --> 00:15:58,141
- around the room...
- Took it out.
384
00:15:58,165 --> 00:15:59,517
- Or broke the glass.
- Yeah. Exactly.
385
00:15:59,541 --> 00:16:02,211
And that clock holds
an important forensic clue.
386
00:16:02,294 --> 00:16:05,214
That clock has the time
that this cabin flooded.
387
00:16:05,297 --> 00:16:06,131
Right.
388
00:16:06,215 --> 00:16:07,508
And we know the times
389
00:16:07,591 --> 00:16:09,802
on the chronometer
on the bridge.
390
00:16:09,885 --> 00:16:12,221
So if we can get
the time off that clock
391
00:16:12,304 --> 00:16:14,682
and match it to the time
on the bridge chronometer,
392
00:16:14,765 --> 00:16:16,767
we have the rate of
Titanic sinking.
393
00:16:17,226 --> 00:16:18,912
You're telling me
I got to go back down there?
394
00:16:18,936 --> 00:16:21,188
Well, there's
some muck on that thing.
395
00:16:21,271 --> 00:16:23,357
- We need to clean it off
and see what it says.
Yeah.
396
00:16:28,070 --> 00:16:30,739
CQD? Sir?
397
00:16:32,866 --> 00:16:33,867
That's right, CQD.
398
00:16:33,951 --> 00:16:35,077
The distress call.
399
00:16:35,661 --> 00:16:36,661
That's our position.
400
00:16:41,625 --> 00:16:43,752
When we shot the film in '96,
401
00:16:43,836 --> 00:16:45,921
this was based on
the best information we had.
402
00:16:46,005 --> 00:16:46,797
- Mm-hmm.
- Right.
403
00:16:46,880 --> 00:16:48,674
There was one kind of funky,
404
00:16:48,757 --> 00:16:50,801
double-exposed picture.
405
00:16:50,884 --> 00:16:51,885
- Of Titanic.
- Yeah.
406
00:16:51,969 --> 00:16:54,430
And it showed
kind of this area, as I recall.
407
00:16:54,513 --> 00:16:56,241
And this is not in the photo.
You didn't see
any of that.
408
00:16:56,265 --> 00:16:58,368
You didn't see any of that.
We assumed it was there...
409
00:16:58,392 --> 00:16:59,977
Because the Olympic
photos showed it.
410
00:17:00,060 --> 00:17:01,228
Yeah.
So this was actually
411
00:17:01,311 --> 00:17:04,106
a pretty good reproduction
of Olympic,
412
00:17:04,523 --> 00:17:06,859
and it turned out to be
completely wrong for Titanic
413
00:17:06,942 --> 00:17:09,278
once we got
in there with the ROV.
414
00:17:09,361 --> 00:17:10,946
So we kinda got this part right
415
00:17:11,030 --> 00:17:12,465
and we got this part
completely wrong,
416
00:17:12,489 --> 00:17:14,491
'cause this is all actually
in a separate room.
417
00:17:14,575 --> 00:17:15,826
The silent room, right?
418
00:17:16,326 --> 00:17:18,037
The thing is,
these guys were heroes.
419
00:17:18,662 --> 00:17:20,372
I didn't have time
to get it into the film,
420
00:17:20,456 --> 00:17:21,665
but the wireless operators
421
00:17:21,749 --> 00:17:23,375
were like the hackers
of their day.
422
00:17:24,043 --> 00:17:26,754
The actions taken by
operators, Bride and Phillips,
423
00:17:26,837 --> 00:17:28,547
saved hundreds of lives.
424
00:17:28,630 --> 00:17:30,215
They lost power on the set
425
00:17:30,299 --> 00:17:31,633
the day before the disaster.
426
00:17:31,717 --> 00:17:33,469
The Marconi
maintenance manual says
427
00:17:33,552 --> 00:17:35,888
in this situation,
you leave it alone,
428
00:17:35,971 --> 00:17:39,016
- wait for a Marconi Engineer
ashore to fix it.
Yeah, yeah.
429
00:17:39,099 --> 00:17:42,269
And you're gonna operate
off this emergency coil here.
430
00:17:42,352 --> 00:17:43,145
Yeah.
431
00:17:43,228 --> 00:17:46,106
Which is battery powered,
which had zippo for range.
432
00:17:46,190 --> 00:17:48,567
About 60,
70 miles theoretical range.
433
00:17:48,650 --> 00:17:49,443
Yeah.
434
00:17:49,526 --> 00:17:53,322
Which Carpathia was
a little bit outside that range
435
00:17:53,405 --> 00:17:55,908
when she started to pick up
Titanic's distress call.
436
00:17:55,991 --> 00:17:57,052
And going
in the other direction.
437
00:17:57,076 --> 00:17:59,912
So if they hadn't
rebuilt the set,
438
00:17:59,995 --> 00:18:02,372
they wouldn't have
been able to talk to Carpathia.
439
00:18:02,456 --> 00:18:03,456
Probably not.
440
00:18:03,499 --> 00:18:05,626
Carpathia saved over 700 people.
441
00:18:06,085 --> 00:18:07,836
The point is they wouldn't
have been saved
442
00:18:08,170 --> 00:18:10,547
if these guys hadn't
disobeyed the rules.
443
00:18:21,642 --> 00:18:23,185
So you wanna go to a real party?
444
00:18:24,686 --> 00:18:26,396
So this is the grand staircase,
445
00:18:26,480 --> 00:18:28,941
which we built it
from the plans,
446
00:18:29,024 --> 00:18:30,943
the way they actually
built the staircase.
447
00:18:31,026 --> 00:18:32,626
So the staircase
has got a steel footing.
448
00:18:32,694 --> 00:18:35,114
Then when we sank
the ship, it lifted.
449
00:18:35,197 --> 00:18:36,198
Wood is buoyant.
450
00:18:36,281 --> 00:18:39,451
It ripped off that footing
and it all floated up.
451
00:18:39,535 --> 00:18:42,412
And it actually
pinned two stunt players.
452
00:18:42,496 --> 00:18:43,914
Fortunately, they weren't hurt,
453
00:18:43,997 --> 00:18:45,916
but it was
a pretty scary moment.
454
00:18:46,291 --> 00:18:49,128
When the wreck
was first found,
there was no staircase.
455
00:18:49,545 --> 00:18:50,629
And the assumption was made
456
00:18:50,712 --> 00:18:52,422
that there were
little wood-boring mollusks
457
00:18:52,506 --> 00:18:53,746
that had eaten the whole thing.
458
00:18:54,007 --> 00:18:55,068
But then we couldn't figure out
459
00:18:55,092 --> 00:18:57,845
why all the columns
and wall paneling,
460
00:18:57,928 --> 00:18:59,429
and everything
on the D deck level
461
00:18:59,513 --> 00:19:00,806
and so on were still there.
462
00:19:00,889 --> 00:19:02,450
And this is
so substantial.
It doesn't add up.
463
00:19:02,474 --> 00:19:03,809
I mean, this is solid oak.
464
00:19:03,892 --> 00:19:06,854
Oak is one of the strongest,
densest woods.
465
00:19:06,937 --> 00:19:08,577
Yeah.
And even if
the wood had disappeared,
466
00:19:08,605 --> 00:19:10,399
where did all those
iron balustrades go?
467
00:19:10,482 --> 00:19:11,400
Yeah, exactly.
468
00:19:11,483 --> 00:19:12,943
So we went down
and we looked around
469
00:19:13,026 --> 00:19:14,027
the bottom with the ROV,
470
00:19:14,111 --> 00:19:15,737
- we couldn't even
find remnants.
No.
471
00:19:15,821 --> 00:19:17,698
We couldn't find
remnants of the balustrades.
472
00:19:17,781 --> 00:19:20,409
We couldn't find
remnants of the stairs
or any of that stuff.
473
00:19:20,492 --> 00:19:23,787
So we thought,
"Ah, it floated out."
474
00:19:24,621 --> 00:19:25,941
That was an interesting,
you know,
475
00:19:25,998 --> 00:19:29,001
- kind of
art-imitating life where...
Yeah.
476
00:19:29,084 --> 00:19:31,020
Exactly.
If we hadn't made
the movie, we wouldn't have
477
00:19:31,044 --> 00:19:33,088
come to that answer,
I don't think.
478
00:19:42,764 --> 00:19:44,683
Wandering through
the Titanic Exhibit,
479
00:19:44,766 --> 00:19:47,853
it's hard not to feel haunted
by the relics of the past,
480
00:19:48,312 --> 00:19:51,523
a deck chair,
a gold pocket watch,
481
00:19:51,607 --> 00:19:53,150
a traveling coat.
482
00:19:53,233 --> 00:19:56,111
You feel the lost souls
standing there beside you.
483
00:19:56,195 --> 00:19:58,405
And I felt that way
making the movie as well.
484
00:19:59,239 --> 00:20:00,675
- This is Jim Cameron.
- A pleasure to meet you.
485
00:20:00,699 --> 00:20:01,801
- This is Jackie Drexel.
- Very nice to meet you.
486
00:20:01,825 --> 00:20:03,219
Her grandparents were
John Jacob Astor
487
00:20:03,243 --> 00:20:04,596
- and Madeleine Astor.
- Sure, of course, yeah.
488
00:20:04,620 --> 00:20:06,830
In the case of
John Jacob Astor
and Madeleine,
489
00:20:06,914 --> 00:20:08,916
here was the richest man
on the Titanic
490
00:20:08,999 --> 00:20:10,000
with this brand-new wife
491
00:20:10,083 --> 00:20:11,960
and starting a new family
and everything.
492
00:20:12,586 --> 00:20:14,254
Jackie had a strong personality,
493
00:20:14,338 --> 00:20:16,006
and I saw kind of a through line
494
00:20:16,089 --> 00:20:19,343
in that spark of life
that I imagine JJ Astor had.
495
00:20:19,426 --> 00:20:20,677
Thank you for joining us here.
496
00:20:20,761 --> 00:20:23,305
Your father,
I believe, was in...
497
00:20:23,388 --> 00:20:24,223
Yes, five months.
498
00:20:24,306 --> 00:20:26,558
In Madeleine Astor's
abdomen at that point.
499
00:20:26,642 --> 00:20:27,517
She was five months pregnant.
500
00:20:27,601 --> 00:20:29,019
His little wifey
there, Madeleine,
501
00:20:29,102 --> 00:20:30,979
is my age
and in a delicate condition.
502
00:20:31,063 --> 00:20:32,731
See how she's trying to hide it?
503
00:20:32,814 --> 00:20:34,733
He seemed like
a really interesting man.
504
00:20:34,816 --> 00:20:36,526
He's an absolutely
fascinating man.
505
00:20:36,610 --> 00:20:40,405
He was more praised
for dying as a hero,
506
00:20:40,489 --> 00:20:42,157
rather than the life
that he actually led,
507
00:20:42,241 --> 00:20:43,367
which was quite amazing.
508
00:20:43,450 --> 00:20:44,450
He had a curious mind.
509
00:20:45,494 --> 00:20:47,746
We shot a couple scenes
around their story
510
00:20:47,829 --> 00:20:49,456
that got cut out of the movie.
511
00:20:49,539 --> 00:20:51,559
I was fascinated by the moment
where he was cutting open
512
00:20:51,583 --> 00:20:53,502
the life preserver
and seeing the cork
513
00:20:53,585 --> 00:20:55,425
and figuring out
how the life preserver worked.
514
00:20:56,088 --> 00:20:58,066
- But this is what Madeleine wore.
She died
at a young age.
515
00:20:58,090 --> 00:20:59,091
It looks tiny.
516
00:20:59,174 --> 00:21:01,718
Yeah, well, this is,
this-this life jacket
517
00:21:01,802 --> 00:21:04,096
kept her warm and maybe,
maybe kept her alive.
518
00:21:04,179 --> 00:21:06,473
My father went to Halifax
and he was offered that.
519
00:21:06,556 --> 00:21:09,017
And he said... He just
couldn't even talk about it.
520
00:21:09,101 --> 00:21:10,411
- Hmm.
- Couldn't even think about it.
521
00:21:10,435 --> 00:21:11,353
Too traumatic.
522
00:21:11,436 --> 00:21:12,729
They changed his life,
523
00:21:12,813 --> 00:21:14,898
and I think his mother
was totally traumatized.
524
00:21:14,982 --> 00:21:16,233
Yeah.
525
00:21:16,316 --> 00:21:19,278
Do you by any chance
know how my grandfather died,
526
00:21:19,361 --> 00:21:21,613
and if the lifeboat number four
527
00:21:21,697 --> 00:21:24,741
that my grandmother was in,
was close enough to have seen...
528
00:21:24,825 --> 00:21:26,636
Have seen it?
Well, I don't think
they would've seen it.
529
00:21:26,660 --> 00:21:29,079
Because he died
with the funnel collapsing.
530
00:21:29,162 --> 00:21:31,581
It's thought because of
the soot on his body.
531
00:21:33,709 --> 00:21:35,877
Your vision of the faces
in the water
532
00:21:35,961 --> 00:21:39,631
gave just the most amazing
chilling feeling.
533
00:21:39,715 --> 00:21:41,174
I think one of my realizations
534
00:21:41,258 --> 00:21:43,176
after the film
was released is that,
535
00:21:43,927 --> 00:21:45,429
you know,
this isn't ancient history.
536
00:21:45,512 --> 00:21:46,638
This isn't 200 years ago.
537
00:21:47,139 --> 00:21:49,349
In trying to sell viscerally
538
00:21:49,433 --> 00:21:53,103
how traumatic it must
have been for the survivors,
539
00:21:53,186 --> 00:21:55,564
including going back
into that field of bodies,
540
00:21:55,647 --> 00:21:57,899
trying to find
somebody still alive,
541
00:21:58,483 --> 00:22:00,043
you know, I probably
wasn't as sensitive
542
00:22:00,068 --> 00:22:01,428
to how that might've felt
to people
543
00:22:01,486 --> 00:22:04,281
whose families had been
traumatized by the event.
544
00:22:04,364 --> 00:22:06,116
I'd never
thought about it before.
Yeah.
545
00:22:06,199 --> 00:22:08,285
And then I saw it,
and it really hit me.
546
00:22:12,581 --> 00:22:13,498
The film Titanic
547
00:22:13,582 --> 00:22:15,876
depicted what we believed
was an accurate portrayal
548
00:22:15,959 --> 00:22:17,669
of the ship's last hours.
549
00:22:17,753 --> 00:22:19,296
We showed it sinking bow-first,
550
00:22:19,379 --> 00:22:21,423
lifting the stern
high in the air
551
00:22:21,506 --> 00:22:24,092
before its massive weight
broke the vessel in two.
552
00:22:25,344 --> 00:22:27,363
Over the past 20 years,
I've been trying to figure out
553
00:22:27,387 --> 00:22:28,513
if we got that right.
554
00:22:28,972 --> 00:22:30,849
I've dived to the wreck
dozens of times
555
00:22:30,932 --> 00:22:32,392
and I brought in naval engineers
556
00:22:32,476 --> 00:22:35,270
to analyze all the complex
variables at work.
557
00:22:36,104 --> 00:22:38,273
Now, I wanna take it
to the next level,
558
00:22:38,648 --> 00:22:41,068
doing an actual,
real-world physical test
559
00:22:41,151 --> 00:22:42,778
of the sinking that incorporates
560
00:22:42,861 --> 00:22:44,529
the new information
we've gathered.
561
00:22:45,113 --> 00:22:46,865
Will it sink the way
we portrayed it?
562
00:22:46,948 --> 00:22:47,991
I don't know.
563
00:22:48,075 --> 00:22:50,702
Our mission is to mirror
the physics at work
564
00:22:50,786 --> 00:22:53,038
as best we can,
and see what happens.
565
00:22:53,121 --> 00:22:54,998
There's a gazillion
theories floating around,
566
00:22:55,082 --> 00:22:56,082
there always have been.
567
00:22:56,124 --> 00:22:58,293
We wanna come up
with a credible theory.
568
00:22:58,377 --> 00:22:59,961
The whole purpose
of this investigation
569
00:23:00,045 --> 00:23:03,048
is to understand, does this
hang on or does it go away?
570
00:23:03,131 --> 00:23:04,692
I've been talking about
the bow swinging down
571
00:23:04,716 --> 00:23:05,735
and breaking off for 20 years,
572
00:23:05,759 --> 00:23:06,799
but I never had any proof.
573
00:23:06,843 --> 00:23:09,721
It's just outside of science
at this point.
574
00:23:10,055 --> 00:23:12,557
And I thought, we'll just
build a model and break it.
575
00:23:12,641 --> 00:23:14,518
I, I have no way of saying
576
00:23:14,601 --> 00:23:15,870
that that is in fact
what happened,
577
00:23:15,894 --> 00:23:18,605
but I'd like to be able to
rule it in as a possibility.
578
00:23:18,688 --> 00:23:20,941
'Cause then, I don't have
to remake the freakin' film.
579
00:23:21,024 --> 00:23:23,693
We're gonna be doing practical
rigging with pyrotechnics,
580
00:23:24,194 --> 00:23:25,487
and sinking it in a tank.
581
00:23:25,570 --> 00:23:27,010
I immediately thought
of Gene Warren.
582
00:23:27,406 --> 00:23:28,240
I've known him forever,
583
00:23:28,323 --> 00:23:30,617
we've done a few projects
together over the years.
584
00:23:30,700 --> 00:23:33,787
Let's think about
what would be the best way
585
00:23:33,870 --> 00:23:36,206
to help hold that up
when this breaks.
586
00:23:36,289 --> 00:23:39,584
He wanted us to do
a disaster forensics
587
00:23:39,668 --> 00:23:43,380
on really what happened
when Titanic sank.
588
00:23:43,463 --> 00:23:44,548
Because water is water.
589
00:23:44,631 --> 00:23:47,384
Water doesn't change
its dynamics.
590
00:23:47,467 --> 00:23:48,528
Let's see what the bow does.
591
00:23:48,552 --> 00:23:49,845
Let's see what the stern does,
592
00:23:49,928 --> 00:23:52,264
and recreate
what might've happened.
593
00:23:52,347 --> 00:23:54,724
I've been wanting
to do this damn model test
for a long time.
594
00:23:54,808 --> 00:23:56,810
I knew that trying to
incorporate all the lessons
595
00:23:56,893 --> 00:23:58,079
we'd learned about the sinking
596
00:23:58,103 --> 00:24:00,063
into a single model test
wouldn't be easy.
597
00:24:00,147 --> 00:24:01,499
Well, that's not
what I believe happened.
598
00:24:01,523 --> 00:24:03,942
But I was about to find out
just how hard it would be.
599
00:24:04,025 --> 00:24:05,465
You're not following
what I'm saying.
600
00:24:07,612 --> 00:24:09,114
Iceberg right ahead!
601
00:24:11,700 --> 00:24:13,160
For over 20 years, I've wondered
602
00:24:13,243 --> 00:24:15,412
why Titanic went down
the way it did.
603
00:24:17,330 --> 00:24:18,540
In the movie, it breaks,
604
00:24:18,623 --> 00:24:21,084
and the stern falls back
with a big wave,
605
00:24:21,168 --> 00:24:22,919
and then the bow pulls it down,
606
00:24:23,003 --> 00:24:24,754
and its stern
stands up straight.
607
00:24:24,838 --> 00:24:27,007
And then the bow breaks off,
sinks straight down,
608
00:24:27,090 --> 00:24:29,250
and that stern's sittin' there
and it slowly goes down.
609
00:24:29,634 --> 00:24:31,136
It's a dramatic image,
610
00:24:31,219 --> 00:24:33,472
and as accurate as
I could make it at the time.
611
00:24:34,389 --> 00:24:35,700
But I've never stopped
trying to find out
612
00:24:35,724 --> 00:24:36,892
exactly what happened.
613
00:24:37,601 --> 00:24:40,145
Over the years,
our little analysis team
614
00:24:40,228 --> 00:24:43,023
has used a wide variety
of source material
615
00:24:43,106 --> 00:24:45,984
in order to try and put together
the pieces of the puzzle
616
00:24:46,067 --> 00:24:48,236
that is the sinking
of the Titanic.
617
00:24:48,320 --> 00:24:50,989
We know from the wreck
exactly where the steel broke.
618
00:24:51,072 --> 00:24:51,865
Right to the rivet.
619
00:24:51,948 --> 00:24:54,951
Jim's exploration
of the bow section
620
00:24:55,035 --> 00:24:57,496
has fine-tuned our understanding
621
00:24:57,579 --> 00:24:59,456
of what was going on
during the flooding
622
00:24:59,539 --> 00:25:01,416
and during the descent
to the ocean floor.
623
00:25:01,500 --> 00:25:03,627
We got a mast
that's knocked aft,
624
00:25:03,710 --> 00:25:06,755
all the B deck
forward-facing windows...
625
00:25:07,589 --> 00:25:09,132
broken, broken, broken.
626
00:25:09,216 --> 00:25:11,426
To me, that all adds up to
627
00:25:11,510 --> 00:25:14,596
a very strong
longitudinal flow over the ship.
628
00:25:14,679 --> 00:25:16,681
We see a consistent pattern
629
00:25:16,765 --> 00:25:20,769
of the effects of an almost
hurricane-like flow of water
630
00:25:20,852 --> 00:25:23,271
from the front of the ship
toward the back of the ship.
631
00:25:23,730 --> 00:25:24,773
That can only be explained
632
00:25:24,856 --> 00:25:27,192
by the ship sinking
vertically straight down.
633
00:25:27,275 --> 00:25:29,277
A big piece of the keel,
70-feet long,
634
00:25:29,361 --> 00:25:32,113
two big frames
of the double bottom
635
00:25:32,197 --> 00:25:34,032
were found way out
in the debris field.
636
00:25:34,115 --> 00:25:35,909
They had been
ripped off the ship. By what?
637
00:25:35,992 --> 00:25:38,119
Well, they'd been ripped off
by the bow separating.
638
00:25:38,203 --> 00:25:41,665
Bit by bit, putting all these
little data points together,
639
00:25:41,748 --> 00:25:45,460
we're essentially able to
reverse-engineer
640
00:25:45,544 --> 00:25:48,380
major key frames of the sinking.
641
00:25:48,463 --> 00:25:49,881
We engaged
the United States Navy
642
00:25:49,965 --> 00:25:53,969
to build two computer
simulation models of Titanic.
643
00:25:54,678 --> 00:25:56,680
One showed us
how the water progressed
644
00:25:56,763 --> 00:25:57,889
through the ship as it sank.
645
00:25:57,973 --> 00:26:00,183
The other measures
the stresses in the hull.
646
00:26:00,267 --> 00:26:01,601
And what it told us was,
647
00:26:01,685 --> 00:26:05,605
Titanic didn't need to rise
90 degrees out of the water.
648
00:26:05,689 --> 00:26:08,817
The model calculated
approximately 23 degrees
649
00:26:08,900 --> 00:26:11,236
before peak stresses
were realized
650
00:26:11,319 --> 00:26:12,779
in the structure and she broke.
651
00:26:12,862 --> 00:26:15,615
But for a ship
the size of Titanic to sink,
652
00:26:16,032 --> 00:26:18,952
there's an unlimited number
of variables
653
00:26:19,035 --> 00:26:20,203
going on during the sinking.
654
00:26:20,287 --> 00:26:23,164
The computer simulation
would bear some of that out,
655
00:26:23,248 --> 00:26:24,708
but too many variables
to nail down
656
00:26:24,791 --> 00:26:25,875
exactly what happened,
657
00:26:25,959 --> 00:26:27,752
so we got to try
a different dimension,
658
00:26:27,836 --> 00:26:29,629
and that's where
the physical model comes in.
659
00:26:29,713 --> 00:26:32,132
Hydrodynamically,
it's got to be pretty close
660
00:26:32,215 --> 00:26:33,800
to what the ship was, I think.
661
00:26:33,883 --> 00:26:35,343
It's a one-off model.
662
00:26:35,427 --> 00:26:37,679
It's not a 100% accurate
in some of its fine details,
663
00:26:37,762 --> 00:26:39,722
but it was accurate
in terms of the overall shape,
664
00:26:39,764 --> 00:26:42,058
which is all we really need
for a hydrodynamic study.
665
00:26:42,142 --> 00:26:43,768
The biggest part was
666
00:26:43,852 --> 00:26:46,563
having this model float
and then sink,
667
00:26:46,646 --> 00:26:49,524
like we learned from
all of our research gathering.
668
00:26:49,608 --> 00:26:51,359
It's a known length,
right, 70 feet?
Yes.
669
00:26:51,443 --> 00:26:53,236
70 feet from the break aft.
670
00:26:53,320 --> 00:26:54,654
From the breakpoint here.
671
00:26:54,738 --> 00:26:56,257
We knew that the model
was gonna have to break,
672
00:26:56,281 --> 00:26:57,949
so we had to put in a mechanism
673
00:26:58,033 --> 00:27:00,493
that would allow it
to break at the point
674
00:27:00,577 --> 00:27:03,747
where our computer simulation
had indicated.
675
00:27:03,830 --> 00:27:05,665
And so this is
the hinge piece down here?
676
00:27:05,749 --> 00:27:07,208
The hinge is right here.
677
00:27:07,292 --> 00:27:09,794
No, that's not what
I'm calling a hinge piece.
678
00:27:09,878 --> 00:27:10,712
The hinge isn't here.
679
00:27:10,795 --> 00:27:11,921
The hinge is here.
680
00:27:12,005 --> 00:27:14,090
Jim, he'd
given us some direction.
681
00:27:14,174 --> 00:27:16,343
Um, we kinda got it half-right,
682
00:27:16,426 --> 00:27:18,345
but he wanted the hinge
in a different place.
683
00:27:18,428 --> 00:27:20,180
It's what I call
a banana theory,
684
00:27:20,263 --> 00:27:22,015
which is, as the ship broke,
685
00:27:22,098 --> 00:27:25,060
that keel, the strongest part
of the ship held on.
686
00:27:25,143 --> 00:27:26,519
This falls back,
and that's there,
687
00:27:26,603 --> 00:27:27,913
- and then it rips away.
- Mm-hmm.
688
00:27:27,937 --> 00:27:29,439
That's your hinge piece.
689
00:27:29,522 --> 00:27:30,815
And as it ripped away,
690
00:27:30,899 --> 00:27:32,984
it formed almost
like a third piece.
691
00:27:33,068 --> 00:27:35,862
The keel, it goes,
grrsh, like that.
692
00:27:35,945 --> 00:27:38,281
No, don't take off yet,
necessarily, necessarily.
693
00:27:38,365 --> 00:27:40,742
That's what we wanna understand.
694
00:27:40,825 --> 00:27:42,952
It's a kind of
a proof of concept.
695
00:27:43,036 --> 00:27:45,747
We can never prove
what actually happened.
696
00:27:46,122 --> 00:27:48,541
We can only prove
what might have happened.
697
00:27:48,625 --> 00:27:51,252
The hydrodynamic forces on this
698
00:27:51,336 --> 00:27:53,880
were enough to
snap the mast aft,
699
00:27:53,963 --> 00:27:55,632
blow the wheelhouse off.
700
00:27:55,715 --> 00:27:57,133
Jim came in and looked at it,
701
00:27:57,217 --> 00:27:59,052
and what he did not see
702
00:27:59,135 --> 00:28:01,680
is the water flow that accounts
703
00:28:01,763 --> 00:28:04,015
for a lot of the damage
that we've seen at the wreck.
704
00:28:04,099 --> 00:28:05,892
So he's directed some changes
705
00:28:05,975 --> 00:28:08,311
so that we can truly remove
706
00:28:08,395 --> 00:28:11,022
any latent buoyancy
left in the bow.
707
00:28:11,106 --> 00:28:13,566
We didn't have
all the interior walls
and everything
708
00:28:13,650 --> 00:28:15,985
that would have slowed down
the rate of flooding.
709
00:28:16,069 --> 00:28:20,240
So, we used a combination
of sponges and foam,
710
00:28:20,323 --> 00:28:22,200
foam to provide buoyancy,
711
00:28:22,283 --> 00:28:24,994
sponges to provide
a delaying factor
712
00:28:25,078 --> 00:28:27,664
in how quickly a space
will fill up with water
when it's flooding.
713
00:28:27,747 --> 00:28:29,833
It's all very catastrophic
right in here
714
00:28:29,916 --> 00:28:32,627
and very fast, which is
the equivalent of this
715
00:28:32,711 --> 00:28:34,963
wicking the water in rapidly.
716
00:28:35,046 --> 00:28:38,007
Each successive run
was basically
717
00:28:38,091 --> 00:28:39,592
a fine-tuning of the model
718
00:28:39,676 --> 00:28:42,345
to where we would see it perform
719
00:28:42,429 --> 00:28:44,431
the way that we knew it had to.
720
00:28:44,514 --> 00:28:45,866
Haven't we sunk
this damn ship yet?
721
00:28:45,890 --> 00:28:47,618
Believe it or not,
we're doing actually exactly...
722
00:28:47,642 --> 00:28:48,768
We're doing the banana peel.
723
00:28:48,852 --> 00:28:50,437
Okay. Let's see what we got.
724
00:28:54,441 --> 00:28:56,001
That thing's buoyant,
so that's no good.
725
00:28:56,067 --> 00:28:57,444
It needs to be negative.
726
00:28:58,027 --> 00:28:59,422
Then we
came up with another problem,
727
00:28:59,446 --> 00:29:02,991
when the ship breaks,
it loses buoyancy.
728
00:29:03,074 --> 00:29:04,909
Our buoyancy was foam.
729
00:29:05,368 --> 00:29:08,204
We couldn't just make it
disappear when it broke.
730
00:29:08,288 --> 00:29:10,331
So we had to come up
with a method
731
00:29:10,665 --> 00:29:14,210
to have the foam work
its own way out of the hull
732
00:29:14,294 --> 00:29:17,464
to simulate the loss of
buoyancy after the break.
733
00:29:17,547 --> 00:29:20,091
If they tried to adjust
flotation in this
734
00:29:20,175 --> 00:29:23,636
so that the break happened
where it's always been filmed,
735
00:29:24,387 --> 00:29:25,627
it's too high out of the water.
736
00:29:25,680 --> 00:29:27,766
Oh, yeah. Yeah, yeah.
We definitely got that wrong.
737
00:29:27,849 --> 00:29:30,560
At that point,
it became a team effort.
738
00:29:30,643 --> 00:29:32,771
I would drill up
this area, right?
739
00:29:32,854 --> 00:29:35,106
This should all be packed
with sponge up in here.
740
00:29:35,190 --> 00:29:36,357
He jumped in with us like
741
00:29:36,441 --> 00:29:39,736
we were at Roger Corman days,
like he was in his 20s again.
742
00:29:39,819 --> 00:29:41,756
So, we'll probably have
to cut these up, all right?
743
00:29:41,780 --> 00:29:43,990
There we were,
back rigging stuff together,
744
00:29:44,073 --> 00:29:45,450
and doing tape and soldering
745
00:29:45,533 --> 00:29:46,773
and all the things that you do.
746
00:29:46,826 --> 00:29:48,369
That wasn't setting
the wayback machine
747
00:29:48,453 --> 00:29:50,079
for 20 years ago on Titanic.
748
00:29:50,163 --> 00:29:53,124
That was setting it back
to the early '80s for me.
749
00:29:53,208 --> 00:29:54,667
You've done this before.
750
00:29:54,751 --> 00:29:55,960
A few times.
751
00:29:56,878 --> 00:29:58,671
I've blown my share of up.
752
00:29:58,755 --> 00:30:01,132
We started to figure out
how to do it in a way
753
00:30:01,216 --> 00:30:05,345
that we fine-tune the breakup
by changing the timing.
754
00:30:05,428 --> 00:30:08,348
We could have the stern fall
back more or fall back less,
755
00:30:08,431 --> 00:30:10,311
have the bow swing down more
or swing down less.
756
00:30:11,726 --> 00:30:13,353
When we did
our computer simulation,
757
00:30:13,436 --> 00:30:15,897
there was a moment
where the stresses on the ship
758
00:30:15,980 --> 00:30:18,650
exceeded the strength
of the material.
759
00:30:19,317 --> 00:30:21,027
And that's when
it should have broken.
760
00:30:21,611 --> 00:30:24,489
And that happened when
the ship tilted to 23 degrees.
761
00:30:25,114 --> 00:30:27,534
So when we sank
the ship at 23 degrees,
762
00:30:27,992 --> 00:30:29,953
it seemed to do everything
that was observed.
763
00:30:30,036 --> 00:30:31,871
We said it broke at 23 degrees.
764
00:30:31,955 --> 00:30:35,083
We were actually breaking
at around 25, 26 degrees,
765
00:30:35,166 --> 00:30:36,334
according to this crude test.
766
00:30:36,417 --> 00:30:38,479
But I mean, I think, you know,
it's telling us something.
767
00:30:38,503 --> 00:30:39,796
We're homing in on this.
768
00:30:39,879 --> 00:30:42,507
And in fact, that was even
increased when it broke,
769
00:30:42,590 --> 00:30:44,801
the stern kinda
popped up a little bit
770
00:30:44,884 --> 00:30:46,219
and you could kinda
see the break.
771
00:30:46,302 --> 00:30:47,887
And the bow swung down
772
00:30:47,971 --> 00:30:49,722
and detached
and fell vertically.
773
00:30:49,806 --> 00:30:52,517
So we feel pretty comfortable
that it was somewhere between
774
00:30:53,017 --> 00:30:56,354
maybe 20 and 30 degrees
of tilt when it broke.
775
00:30:56,437 --> 00:30:57,437
All right, here we go.
776
00:30:57,480 --> 00:30:58,731
Let's do it, let's roll.
777
00:31:01,901 --> 00:31:03,862
All right, so props are clear.
778
00:31:06,197 --> 00:31:08,741
And it breaks
right at the waterline.
779
00:31:08,825 --> 00:31:10,618
- It's up a little bit.
- Ah, sweet. Sweet.
780
00:31:13,788 --> 00:31:16,374
Swings down,
pulls the stern more vertical.
781
00:31:16,457 --> 00:31:18,877
That's the banana model.
Check that out.
782
00:31:18,960 --> 00:31:21,170
Touchdown!
783
00:31:21,713 --> 00:31:23,631
We did see
some scenarios played out
784
00:31:23,715 --> 00:31:25,466
almost exactly as it was filmed.
785
00:31:25,967 --> 00:31:27,844
The stern going
under vertically,
786
00:31:28,428 --> 00:31:30,430
giving Jack and Rose
a few moments,
787
00:31:30,513 --> 00:31:31,639
right there at the fantail.
788
00:31:32,056 --> 00:31:34,267
As the stern came up
and went vertical,
789
00:31:34,350 --> 00:31:36,769
it always turned
almost 90 degrees.
790
00:31:37,145 --> 00:31:38,813
And that's exactly
what people saw.
791
00:31:39,188 --> 00:31:41,065
Now people describe it
standing up like, uh,
792
00:31:41,149 --> 00:31:43,735
like a tower or like a finger
pointing at the sky
793
00:31:44,068 --> 00:31:45,445
and that's exactly what we saw.
794
00:31:45,528 --> 00:31:48,156
Yes! Vertical stern!
795
00:31:48,239 --> 00:31:49,866
Yes!
796
00:31:49,949 --> 00:31:52,118
It's not like we did
a battery of a hundred runs
797
00:31:52,201 --> 00:31:53,536
with a very precision model.
798
00:31:53,620 --> 00:31:56,956
But I think it does show what
is possible to have happened.
799
00:31:57,040 --> 00:31:59,334
I think what we're seeing is
there's a range, right?
800
00:31:59,417 --> 00:32:01,794
You can get it to
where the stern falls back.
801
00:32:02,462 --> 00:32:05,965
But then it doesn't go
vertical when it goes under.
802
00:32:06,049 --> 00:32:08,193
When we found out that you can
have the stern sink vertically
803
00:32:08,217 --> 00:32:11,930
and you can have the stern
fall back with a big splash,
804
00:32:12,013 --> 00:32:13,264
but you can't have both.
805
00:32:13,348 --> 00:32:16,434
So the film is wrong
on one point or the other.
806
00:32:16,517 --> 00:32:20,146
I tend to think it's wrong
on the fall back of the stern,
807
00:32:20,521 --> 00:32:23,650
because of what we see
at the bow of the wreck.
808
00:32:25,777 --> 00:32:28,446
There are about
five or six instances
809
00:32:28,529 --> 00:32:30,573
of hydrodynamic effects,
810
00:32:30,657 --> 00:32:32,325
and there's only one way
that can happen.
811
00:32:32,408 --> 00:32:35,662
It swung down,
and it shot off like a bomb
812
00:32:35,745 --> 00:32:36,955
dropping straight down.
813
00:32:37,038 --> 00:32:39,707
So I think we can
rule in the possibility
814
00:32:40,124 --> 00:32:41,501
of a vertical stern sinking,
815
00:32:41,584 --> 00:32:43,461
and I think we can
rule out the possibility
816
00:32:43,544 --> 00:32:46,172
of it both falling back
and then going vertical.
817
00:32:46,255 --> 00:32:48,341
We were sort of
half-right in the movie.
818
00:32:48,424 --> 00:32:50,009
With each thing that we try,
819
00:32:50,093 --> 00:32:51,511
each step that we take,
820
00:32:51,594 --> 00:32:53,346
I think we're getting
closer and closer
821
00:32:53,429 --> 00:32:55,056
to what actually
did happen that night.
822
00:32:55,139 --> 00:32:56,224
Okay, let's do it again.
823
00:32:56,307 --> 00:32:57,707
That was perfect.
Let's do it again.
824
00:32:59,227 --> 00:33:02,063
I'm constantly fascinated
by the engineering,
825
00:33:02,146 --> 00:33:03,773
the hardware, the forensics,
826
00:33:03,856 --> 00:33:06,901
and I'll get very excited
about the ideas, you know.
827
00:33:07,235 --> 00:33:09,362
You always have to
kinda grab yourself
828
00:33:09,445 --> 00:33:11,364
by the scruff of your neck
and remind yourself
829
00:33:11,447 --> 00:33:13,282
what happened there
was a real tragedy
830
00:33:13,741 --> 00:33:14,901
that happened to real people,
831
00:33:14,951 --> 00:33:17,203
and it still resonates
down through time
832
00:33:17,286 --> 00:33:18,579
in this very powerful way.
833
00:33:19,455 --> 00:33:21,708
Sometimes you forget that
in the moment,
834
00:33:21,791 --> 00:33:24,085
but I try never to forget it
for very long.
835
00:33:24,168 --> 00:33:26,587
Our scale model sinking
took only seconds.
836
00:33:26,671 --> 00:33:28,840
In real life,
the passengers and crew
837
00:33:28,923 --> 00:33:31,175
had about an hour
and a half to escape.
838
00:33:31,718 --> 00:33:33,720
More than two-thirds
of them didn't make it.
839
00:33:34,387 --> 00:33:36,139
Which brings up
another controversy,
840
00:33:36,472 --> 00:33:38,266
could more people
have been saved?
841
00:33:40,601 --> 00:33:43,604
Mr. Andrews,
forgive me.
842
00:33:44,230 --> 00:33:45,773
I did the sum in my head,
843
00:33:45,857 --> 00:33:47,692
and with the number of lifeboats
844
00:33:47,775 --> 00:33:49,986
times the capacity
you mentioned,
845
00:33:50,069 --> 00:33:52,530
forgive me, but it seems
that there are not enough
846
00:33:52,613 --> 00:33:53,613
for everyone aboard.
847
00:33:54,449 --> 00:33:55,658
About half, actually.
848
00:33:56,367 --> 00:33:57,702
Titanic carried 20 lifeboats,
849
00:33:57,785 --> 00:33:59,412
but they only managed
to launch 18
850
00:33:59,495 --> 00:34:00,788
in an hour and a half.
851
00:34:00,872 --> 00:34:01,789
Now we've all been told
852
00:34:01,873 --> 00:34:03,332
that if the ship
carried more boats,
853
00:34:03,416 --> 00:34:04,917
more lives
could have been saved.
854
00:34:05,001 --> 00:34:06,961
But would that really
have made a difference?
855
00:34:07,462 --> 00:34:10,590
Could the crew
have launched more boats
in the time they had?
856
00:34:11,382 --> 00:34:13,051
I've wondered about this
for a long time,
857
00:34:13,134 --> 00:34:15,303
and we never
tested it until now.
858
00:34:17,221 --> 00:34:20,433
So what we did was
we took a replica lifeboat
859
00:34:20,516 --> 00:34:22,060
left over from the movie
860
00:34:22,143 --> 00:34:25,188
with a set of davits
mounted on top of a platform
861
00:34:25,271 --> 00:34:26,856
that was tall enough
to represent
862
00:34:26,939 --> 00:34:28,900
the height of
the promenade deck,
863
00:34:28,983 --> 00:34:30,359
boat deck being up on top.
864
00:34:30,443 --> 00:34:34,113
Got a crew to man
and lower the lifeboat
865
00:34:34,197 --> 00:34:36,616
so that we could see
how long it took.
866
00:34:37,658 --> 00:34:39,386
We figured that it would
take about two minutes
867
00:34:39,410 --> 00:34:41,454
to roll the canvas back
on these lifeboats.
868
00:34:41,537 --> 00:34:43,539
Roll back that cover!
Roll back that cover!
869
00:34:43,623 --> 00:34:45,583
So we preset
our clock to two minutes.
870
00:34:48,961 --> 00:34:50,922
Okay, so the ropes are in,
871
00:34:51,005 --> 00:34:52,590
and you guys know
what to do, right,
872
00:34:52,673 --> 00:34:54,273
- to get them flaked out
on the deck.
Yes.
873
00:34:54,300 --> 00:34:56,385
You gonna do that,
sort of there and there
874
00:34:56,469 --> 00:34:57,613
so we need to stay out of this.
875
00:34:57,637 --> 00:34:58,763
We can put it right there.
876
00:34:58,846 --> 00:35:00,282
Well, put it
where you would've done it
877
00:35:00,306 --> 00:35:02,016
- if you were really on the ship.
- Okay.
878
00:35:02,100 --> 00:35:03,619
And if we're in your way,
then move us out of the way
879
00:35:03,643 --> 00:35:05,520
'cause we're curious passengers,
880
00:35:06,145 --> 00:35:07,873
and you're having to yell at us
to get out of the way.
881
00:35:07,897 --> 00:35:10,066
Politely, of course,
'cause we're also, you know,
882
00:35:10,149 --> 00:35:14,237
rich passengers in
the first class area
of Titanic.
883
00:35:14,320 --> 00:35:17,031
So, when we say go,
884
00:35:17,532 --> 00:35:20,243
ready the boat and then
tell us when it's ready, okay?
885
00:35:20,326 --> 00:35:21,619
Bring lines on deck.
886
00:35:22,662 --> 00:35:23,955
Clock is running.
887
00:35:38,761 --> 00:35:39,761
Remove cradle.
888
00:35:42,849 --> 00:35:44,433
Swing boat out.
889
00:35:47,770 --> 00:35:49,605
Yeah, you can see
how geared down it is
890
00:35:49,689 --> 00:35:50,689
on that leadscrew.
891
00:35:50,731 --> 00:35:53,151
It takes a lot of cranks
to get that davit to move
892
00:35:53,568 --> 00:35:54,861
just a few feet.
893
00:35:54,944 --> 00:35:56,445
Keel cleared, keep cranking.
894
00:35:56,529 --> 00:35:58,197
The other thing you notice is...
895
00:35:58,281 --> 00:36:00,074
Was the voice commands
by the officer
896
00:36:00,158 --> 00:36:01,492
coordinating the two sides.
897
00:36:01,576 --> 00:36:03,536
And in the beginning
with that steam going off,
898
00:36:04,537 --> 00:36:05,897
they're gonna have
trouble hearing.
899
00:36:05,955 --> 00:36:07,057
Somebody would
have to yell back and forth
900
00:36:07,081 --> 00:36:08,624
or somebody would just
have to see
901
00:36:08,958 --> 00:36:11,752
the other guys working
and just imitate,
902
00:36:11,836 --> 00:36:13,196
'cause they couldn't
hear anything.
903
00:36:20,553 --> 00:36:21,679
Okay, good.
904
00:36:24,891 --> 00:36:26,131
Lower boat to embarkation deck.
905
00:36:26,851 --> 00:36:28,644
So, at what point
do they start loading?
906
00:36:28,728 --> 00:36:30,062
So they're going
to lower it down
907
00:36:30,146 --> 00:36:31,306
to the edge of the boat deck.
908
00:36:31,355 --> 00:36:32,732
'Cause then
you just step into it.
909
00:36:32,815 --> 00:36:34,084
- Right.
- You wanna step into it.
910
00:36:34,108 --> 00:36:36,211
You do not want them stepping
over, if you can avoid it.
911
00:36:36,235 --> 00:36:38,738
Hold it! Secure the boat.
912
00:36:38,821 --> 00:36:39,821
Okay.
913
00:36:40,198 --> 00:36:41,365
All right, stop the clock.
914
00:36:41,699 --> 00:36:42,950
Eight minutes and 30 seconds.
915
00:36:43,034 --> 00:36:44,577
Eight minutes and 30 seconds.
916
00:36:44,994 --> 00:36:46,537
Now we're gonna
have to just estimate
917
00:36:46,621 --> 00:36:47,413
the loading time.
918
00:36:47,496 --> 00:36:48,414
The key here is, is that
919
00:36:48,497 --> 00:36:50,333
you don't know
how much time you have,
920
00:36:50,416 --> 00:36:51,751
you've never practiced this.
921
00:36:51,834 --> 00:36:53,753
But just as a baseline,
let's get some values
922
00:36:53,836 --> 00:36:56,315
- for how long it takes to do
each part of the operation.
Yeah, exactly.
923
00:36:56,339 --> 00:37:01,177
So I think you're probably
looking at a-a time that varied.
924
00:37:01,260 --> 00:37:03,095
Initially it was
probably slower,
925
00:37:03,179 --> 00:37:04,722
as people were reticent,
926
00:37:04,805 --> 00:37:06,474
and then later as they
got more desperate,
927
00:37:06,557 --> 00:37:07,391
it probably sped up.
928
00:37:07,475 --> 00:37:08,493
- Let's say ten minutes.
- Okay.
929
00:37:08,517 --> 00:37:09,536
- Let's say ten minutes.
- Yeah.
930
00:37:09,560 --> 00:37:12,396
Okay. That put us up to
18 and a half minutes.
931
00:37:12,480 --> 00:37:13,624
Now let's see
how long it takes us
932
00:37:13,648 --> 00:37:14,815
to lower one deck level.
933
00:37:14,899 --> 00:37:16,192
And clock running.
934
00:37:16,275 --> 00:37:18,819
Ready. Okay, lower.
935
00:37:21,489 --> 00:37:23,616
All right, it jerks
its way down. And look at the...
936
00:37:23,699 --> 00:37:25,660
You can see how jerky
it is even now, not loaded.
937
00:37:26,577 --> 00:37:29,163
It'd be like three times that
when it was fully loaded.
938
00:37:29,247 --> 00:37:30,687
That'd make it
a lot harder to lower.
939
00:37:38,005 --> 00:37:40,174
- Okay, hold it.
- Okay.
940
00:37:40,258 --> 00:37:41,467
Stopping the clock.
941
00:37:42,593 --> 00:37:44,238
- So what was that?
- Just shy of two minutes.
942
00:37:44,262 --> 00:37:45,096
Just shy of two minutes.
943
00:37:45,179 --> 00:37:47,056
Okay, so that's two minutes
to go ten feet.
944
00:37:47,556 --> 00:37:49,058
It's another 50 feet
to the water,
945
00:37:49,141 --> 00:37:51,060
so we have to add
another ten minutes.
946
00:37:51,143 --> 00:37:53,646
So that's 30 minutes,
30 seconds.
947
00:37:53,729 --> 00:37:55,165
And they
were working simultaneously.
948
00:37:55,189 --> 00:37:57,984
They were loading passengers in
949
00:37:58,067 --> 00:37:59,777
while they were
cranking out the next boat.
950
00:38:00,194 --> 00:38:02,780
Then our times can
telescope somewhat.
951
00:38:02,863 --> 00:38:04,824
When you start
multiplying it out,
952
00:38:04,907 --> 00:38:06,575
it should have taken
more like two hours.
953
00:38:06,659 --> 00:38:09,161
From the time the lifeboats
were ordered launched,
954
00:38:09,245 --> 00:38:10,746
you had about
an hour and a half.
955
00:38:10,830 --> 00:38:12,290
However they managed it,
956
00:38:12,373 --> 00:38:15,501
they had just enough time
to get those boats off.
957
00:38:15,584 --> 00:38:17,145
- Not quite enough time.
- Yeah, not quite.
958
00:38:17,169 --> 00:38:18,754
The truth is the last two boats,
959
00:38:18,838 --> 00:38:21,382
the last two collapsibles
were washed off the ship.
960
00:38:21,465 --> 00:38:22,591
They did not have time.
961
00:38:23,759 --> 00:38:25,862
It's actually pretty amazing
that they managed to launch
962
00:38:25,886 --> 00:38:27,596
as many lifeboats as they did.
963
00:38:28,097 --> 00:38:29,598
And what made it
even more challenging
964
00:38:29,682 --> 00:38:32,518
was that in the final stages
of Titanic sinking,
965
00:38:32,601 --> 00:38:33,870
the lifeboats
were being launched
966
00:38:33,894 --> 00:38:35,229
right on top of each other.
967
00:38:35,938 --> 00:38:37,398
To avoid being crushed,
968
00:38:37,481 --> 00:38:39,608
men were cutting the ropes
connected to the davits
969
00:38:39,692 --> 00:38:41,152
with pocket knives.
970
00:38:41,235 --> 00:38:43,571
I mean, I want to see for myself
how difficult that was.
971
00:38:44,780 --> 00:38:46,258
Well, let's raise up
one end of the boat,
972
00:38:46,282 --> 00:38:47,074
in contact.
973
00:38:47,158 --> 00:38:49,410
About one inch
out of the cradle.
974
00:38:49,493 --> 00:38:51,305
- And then they want to
cut one of the ropes.
Okay.
975
00:38:51,329 --> 00:38:52,556
No, I was thinking
more like a foot.
976
00:38:52,580 --> 00:38:53,980
- Let's do an action shot.
- A foot?
977
00:38:56,208 --> 00:38:57,877
Let's raise it up a foot, guys.
978
00:38:59,378 --> 00:39:01,213
All right, so who's
gonna do the honors?
979
00:39:01,297 --> 00:39:03,966
What, somebody
has to go onto the boat?
I'll do it. I'll do it.
980
00:39:04,633 --> 00:39:06,469
Whatever happens, Jim,
we'll get it on film.
981
00:39:07,094 --> 00:39:08,094
Exactly.
982
00:39:08,512 --> 00:39:09,972
- Let's go.
- Clock running.
983
00:39:10,056 --> 00:39:11,307
All right.
984
00:39:11,390 --> 00:39:14,101
Jeez, is this an actual knife?
985
00:39:14,185 --> 00:39:16,562
It-it should have been
a really sharp knife.
And it's sharp.
986
00:39:16,645 --> 00:39:18,481
We do know
this type of knife was used.
987
00:39:18,564 --> 00:39:20,483
All right, I'm gonna
go with your expertise.
988
00:39:21,025 --> 00:39:22,401
I think I probably
would cut faster
989
00:39:22,485 --> 00:39:23,819
if my life depended on it.
990
00:39:25,696 --> 00:39:27,336
- That's promising.
- We're getting close.
991
00:39:28,616 --> 00:39:29,700
Ah, jeez.
992
00:39:29,784 --> 00:39:31,869
You imagine, like,
50 people screaming.
993
00:39:31,952 --> 00:39:33,662
- Yeah.
- Water coming up.
994
00:39:33,746 --> 00:39:35,432
There's a boat coming
down on your head, don't forget.
995
00:39:35,456 --> 00:39:36,499
Yeah, that too.
996
00:39:36,582 --> 00:39:38,250
It's gonna get dramatic
here in a second.
997
00:39:38,334 --> 00:39:39,502
I can hear it.
998
00:39:40,461 --> 00:39:41,754
All right, that's promising.
999
00:39:48,344 --> 00:39:50,471
Beauty. And we're free.
1000
00:39:50,554 --> 00:39:51,554
Yeah.
1001
00:39:52,556 --> 00:39:54,558
So how long
did that take?
1.40.
1002
00:39:54,642 --> 00:39:56,185
I would say
if my life depended on it,
1003
00:39:56,268 --> 00:39:58,188
I could probably shave
about 30 seconds off that.
1004
00:39:58,854 --> 00:40:00,106
And you go for a ride.
1005
00:40:03,818 --> 00:40:05,658
I think if you had more
lifeboats on that ship,
1006
00:40:05,694 --> 00:40:07,196
they would've just
gotten in the way
1007
00:40:07,279 --> 00:40:09,156
and it might've cost
hundreds of lives.
1008
00:40:14,328 --> 00:40:17,081
At Cherbourg,
a woman came aboard
1009
00:40:17,164 --> 00:40:18,666
named Margaret Brown,
1010
00:40:18,999 --> 00:40:20,584
but we all called her Molly.
1011
00:40:21,043 --> 00:40:24,547
History would call her
the Unsinkable Molly Brown.
1012
00:40:24,630 --> 00:40:26,674
Well, I wasn't about
to wait all day for you, sonny.
1013
00:40:26,757 --> 00:40:28,342
Yes.
Here, if you think
you can manage.
1014
00:40:28,426 --> 00:40:29,343
Yes, ma'am.
1015
00:40:29,427 --> 00:40:30,761
Margaret Brown
was one of the most
1016
00:40:30,845 --> 00:40:32,847
famous survivors of the Titanic.
1017
00:40:33,305 --> 00:40:35,766
Her warmth and strength
after the disaster
1018
00:40:35,850 --> 00:40:37,393
became part of the legend.
1019
00:40:37,476 --> 00:40:40,479
Margaret Brown, Molly Brown
as the world knows her,
1020
00:40:41,188 --> 00:40:43,149
uh, was obviously
quite a character.
1021
00:40:43,816 --> 00:40:45,056
She sounded like a real pistol,
1022
00:40:45,109 --> 00:40:46,211
I would have loved
to have met her.
1023
00:40:46,235 --> 00:40:48,237
It seems like you
got a little bit of her,
1024
00:40:48,571 --> 00:40:51,031
her gene of vivaciousness.
1025
00:40:51,115 --> 00:40:52,825
Oh, that's nice of you to say.
1026
00:40:52,908 --> 00:40:54,285
She was intelligent.
1027
00:40:54,368 --> 00:40:56,579
She had like that
emotional intelligence
1028
00:40:56,662 --> 00:40:57,681
- to read the situations.
- Yeah.
1029
00:40:57,705 --> 00:40:59,540
And I-I really like that.
1030
00:40:59,623 --> 00:41:01,917
The fact that she was
in boat six with, uh,
1031
00:41:02,001 --> 00:41:03,502
with the guy
that was at the helm
1032
00:41:03,586 --> 00:41:04,837
when they hit the iceberg,
1033
00:41:04,920 --> 00:41:06,338
the guy that was
in the crow's nest
1034
00:41:06,422 --> 00:41:07,774
who should have
spotted the iceberg
1035
00:41:07,798 --> 00:41:09,175
maybe a little bit sooner.
1036
00:41:09,258 --> 00:41:11,010
And then the helmsman, Hichens,
1037
00:41:11,093 --> 00:41:12,344
he refused to go back
1038
00:41:12,428 --> 00:41:14,013
and got into
a real tussle with her.
1039
00:41:14,096 --> 00:41:16,056
There's plenty of room for more!
1040
00:41:16,140 --> 00:41:17,725
And there'll be
one less on this boat
1041
00:41:17,808 --> 00:41:20,978
if you don't shut
that hole in your face!
1042
00:41:22,771 --> 00:41:26,525
I like to say that
my great grandmother's story
1043
00:41:26,942 --> 00:41:29,111
starts where
your movie left off.
1044
00:41:29,195 --> 00:41:31,572
Ah, well...
Because later
in the night
1045
00:41:31,655 --> 00:41:35,826
she actually
took over that boat.
1046
00:41:35,910 --> 00:41:36,994
Right.
1047
00:41:37,077 --> 00:41:39,246
Actually using the same threat
1048
00:41:39,330 --> 00:41:41,081
that Hichens had used on her
1049
00:41:41,165 --> 00:41:42,583
that, "If you interfere
1050
00:41:42,666 --> 00:41:46,045
"with us doing what I think
we need to do right now,
1051
00:41:46,462 --> 00:41:47,963
I'm gonna
throw you overboard."
1052
00:41:48,047 --> 00:41:49,757
You don't understand.
1053
00:41:50,508 --> 00:41:52,760
If we go back,
they'll swamp the boat!
1054
00:41:52,843 --> 00:41:54,523
They'll pull us right down,
I'm telling ya!
1055
00:41:54,553 --> 00:41:56,847
Knock it off.
You're scaring me.
1056
00:41:56,931 --> 00:42:01,310
And they told me that
he had said during his lifetime,
1057
00:42:02,186 --> 00:42:06,190
"Mrs. Brown could have gotten
into any boat that night,
1058
00:42:06,273 --> 00:42:08,713
- why did she have to step in mine?"
"Why did she
get in mine?"
1059
00:42:09,860 --> 00:42:11,987
Well, she was
very confronting with him.
1060
00:42:12,071 --> 00:42:14,114
He was at the helm
when the ship hit an iceberg.
1061
00:42:26,460 --> 00:42:28,754
So, now I've learned
a little bit more
1062
00:42:28,837 --> 00:42:29,880
about my ancestor,
1063
00:42:29,964 --> 00:42:32,299
but is there anything that
1064
00:42:32,383 --> 00:42:34,260
you would really like
to have changed now
1065
00:42:34,343 --> 00:42:36,428
that this much time has gone by,
1066
00:42:36,512 --> 00:42:38,764
or based on reaction
from the movie, or...
1067
00:42:38,847 --> 00:42:40,140
Well, you know,
it's interesting,
1068
00:42:40,224 --> 00:42:43,352
I think that meeting people
such as yourselves
1069
00:42:43,435 --> 00:42:44,435
who are connected,
1070
00:42:44,478 --> 00:42:46,272
whose families
are connected to the event,
1071
00:42:46,355 --> 00:42:48,482
really made me appreciate
something that I don't think
1072
00:42:48,566 --> 00:42:50,734
I quite realized
when I was making the film.
1073
00:42:50,818 --> 00:42:51,902
Yes, I knew it was history,
1074
00:42:51,986 --> 00:42:54,113
but I wasn't as sensitive
to the families,
1075
00:42:54,196 --> 00:42:55,948
I don't think, the descendants,
1076
00:42:56,031 --> 00:42:59,034
and how that story
meant so much to them
1077
00:42:59,368 --> 00:43:03,789
and in the case of First Officer
William McMaster Murdoch,
1078
00:43:03,872 --> 00:43:07,167
I took the liberty
of showing him
1079
00:43:07,251 --> 00:43:10,462
shoot somebody
and then shoot himself.
1080
00:43:14,842 --> 00:43:17,511
He's a named character,
he wasn't a generic officer,
1081
00:43:17,595 --> 00:43:19,305
we don't know that he did that,
1082
00:43:19,388 --> 00:43:21,473
but, you know,
the storyteller in me says,
1083
00:43:21,557 --> 00:43:23,434
"Oh, I start
connecting the dots.
1084
00:43:23,517 --> 00:43:27,104
He was on duty, he's carrying
all this burden with him,"
1085
00:43:27,187 --> 00:43:28,564
made him
an interesting character,
1086
00:43:28,647 --> 00:43:29,887
but I was being a screenwriter,
1087
00:43:29,940 --> 00:43:32,484
I wasn't thinking
about being a historian.
1088
00:43:32,568 --> 00:43:34,194
And I think
I wasn't as sensitive
1089
00:43:34,278 --> 00:43:36,614
about the fact
that his family is,
1090
00:43:36,697 --> 00:43:40,284
that his survivors
might feel offended by that,
1091
00:43:40,367 --> 00:43:41,367
and they were.
1092
00:43:41,410 --> 00:43:43,203
- Mm-hmm.
- And, uh...
1093
00:43:43,287 --> 00:43:44,872
you know, I-I feel like
1094
00:43:44,955 --> 00:43:48,500
I should have made him more of
a generic character than...
1095
00:43:48,584 --> 00:43:50,044
And just...
Then it could have been
1096
00:43:50,127 --> 00:43:51,629
any one of a number of people
1097
00:43:51,712 --> 00:43:53,547
who were at that place
at that time.
1098
00:43:53,631 --> 00:43:54,840
What was that, Mr. Murdoch?
1099
00:43:56,342 --> 00:43:57,509
An iceberg, sir.
1100
00:44:00,304 --> 00:44:02,181
When we would
go out on an expedition,
1101
00:44:02,264 --> 00:44:04,642
we'd wait until
11:40 at night,
1102
00:44:04,725 --> 00:44:07,019
which was the moment
the ship hit the iceberg,
1103
00:44:07,353 --> 00:44:08,937
right at that exact spot
1104
00:44:09,605 --> 00:44:11,982
and we'd go out onto
the bow of the research ship
1105
00:44:12,316 --> 00:44:15,611
and we'd raise a glass
in honor of the passengers
1106
00:44:15,694 --> 00:44:18,030
and the crew of the RMS Titanic.
1107
00:44:18,822 --> 00:44:21,992
And so, I would just like
to propose a toast to you,
1108
00:44:22,576 --> 00:44:27,581
the descendants
and the representatives
of that history.
1109
00:44:27,665 --> 00:44:30,376
And thank you
for sharing it with us.
1110
00:44:30,918 --> 00:44:33,003
So, to your ancestors.
1111
00:44:34,004 --> 00:44:36,340
These are people that have
grown up with Titanic
1112
00:44:36,423 --> 00:44:37,549
in their family.
1113
00:44:37,633 --> 00:44:40,302
And it's kind of
always looming over them
1114
00:44:40,386 --> 00:44:42,096
and it, and it means
something to them.
1115
00:44:42,179 --> 00:44:44,348
And in some ways
it's defined them
1116
00:44:44,431 --> 00:44:47,476
to an entire global community
1117
00:44:47,559 --> 00:44:49,978
of Titanic enthusiasts
and historians,
1118
00:44:50,062 --> 00:44:52,981
these people are
passing on the torch
1119
00:44:53,065 --> 00:44:54,483
of what their family knows.
1120
00:44:55,484 --> 00:44:56,777
To making it count.
1121
00:45:00,698 --> 00:45:01,990
Jim Cameron's Titanic
1122
00:45:02,074 --> 00:45:04,368
was beyond
anybody's expectations.
1123
00:45:04,451 --> 00:45:06,078
We knew when we were
working on it,
1124
00:45:06,161 --> 00:45:07,496
it was going to be epic.
1125
00:45:07,579 --> 00:45:09,456
What a great setting
for a love story,
1126
00:45:09,540 --> 00:45:12,793
this fantastic shipwreck
that has fascinated people
1127
00:45:12,876 --> 00:45:14,086
for decades anyway,
1128
00:45:14,169 --> 00:45:16,922
presented so vividly
and so accurately.
1129
00:45:17,005 --> 00:45:19,508
To go back there
is to risk being pulled down
1130
00:45:19,591 --> 00:45:21,677
into that icy water with them.
1131
00:45:21,760 --> 00:45:23,429
So it's really a choice between
1132
00:45:23,804 --> 00:45:26,014
your lives and their lives.
1133
00:45:26,473 --> 00:45:29,017
James Cameron
brought Titanic back to life
1134
00:45:29,101 --> 00:45:30,269
as I have tried to do
1135
00:45:30,352 --> 00:45:32,229
through my entire life
with my paintings
1136
00:45:32,312 --> 00:45:34,356
and you can't put
enough value on that.
1137
00:45:34,440 --> 00:45:36,692
I knew
the old lady in her grave,
1138
00:45:36,775 --> 00:45:38,569
that's the Titanic I knew.
1139
00:45:38,652 --> 00:45:41,321
Jim showed me this
beautiful young woman,
1140
00:45:41,405 --> 00:45:43,574
we sailors tend to
think of ships as women.
1141
00:45:43,657 --> 00:45:45,534
He showed me
that beautiful ship.
1142
00:45:45,617 --> 00:45:46,618
I just loved it.
1143
00:45:47,161 --> 00:45:49,830
That movie used
Titanic as a stage
1144
00:45:49,913 --> 00:45:51,623
to tell a teenage love story.
1145
00:45:51,707 --> 00:45:54,001
It wasn't meant to be
a historical narrative,
1146
00:45:54,084 --> 00:45:57,629
but it created a passion in Jim
1147
00:45:57,713 --> 00:46:00,466
to follow up that movie
with actual expeditions
1148
00:46:00,549 --> 00:46:01,592
to the actual wreck
1149
00:46:01,675 --> 00:46:04,553
and because of
that continued interest
1150
00:46:04,636 --> 00:46:07,723
that goes way beyond
a feature film,
1151
00:46:07,806 --> 00:46:10,934
we have made discoveries
and learned things
1152
00:46:11,018 --> 00:46:13,437
that have actually
changed the history
1153
00:46:13,520 --> 00:46:15,397
and our understanding
of Titanic.
1154
00:46:15,731 --> 00:46:19,067
I just really
was fascinated by Titanic,
1155
00:46:19,151 --> 00:46:21,236
the story, the archaeology of it
1156
00:46:21,320 --> 00:46:22,480
and just wanted to know more.
1157
00:46:23,322 --> 00:46:24,656
What happened that night,
1158
00:46:24,740 --> 00:46:27,242
in terms of the final moments
of the ship and the breakup,
1159
00:46:27,326 --> 00:46:28,577
the way it sank.
1160
00:46:28,660 --> 00:46:30,704
We will never know
exactly what happened,
1161
00:46:31,163 --> 00:46:33,832
but we can say what is
possible to have happened.
1162
00:46:34,666 --> 00:46:37,002
Titanic wasn't just a story.
1163
00:46:37,085 --> 00:46:38,170
This was something real.
1164
00:46:38,253 --> 00:46:40,172
This really happened
to real people.
1165
00:46:40,255 --> 00:46:44,468
And we need to honor those
that died and their families.
1166
00:46:44,551 --> 00:46:47,262
I think it's important
for filmmakers to,
1167
00:46:47,346 --> 00:46:49,056
to understand
that responsibility
1168
00:46:49,139 --> 00:46:50,182
and actually get it right.
1169
00:46:50,265 --> 00:46:51,266
-Captioned by Point.360.
90063
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