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Narrator: Untameable and mighty.
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The oceans are our last true wilderness.
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They cover 70%
of the surface of our planet.
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00:02:04,541 --> 00:02:07,248
Their power can fill us with awe.
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And, at times, fear.
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But, today, we are also beginning
to reveal their hidden wonders.
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Off the wild coast of South Africa,
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bottlenose dolphins face
some of the roughest seas on earth.
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But for them,
big waves are an opportunity for play.
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And why do they do it?
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To build friendships
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and strengthen family bonds.
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And, also, for the sheer joy of it.
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There is so much more
to discover about our oceans
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and their importance to us.
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Over 40% of us
live within 609 miles of the seas.
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But it is still
the least known part of our planet.
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Today, scientists and film makers
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are heading out
to explore the seven seas.
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Equipped with the latest technology,
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their mission is to bring us
a new understanding
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of life beneath the waves.
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At a time when the health of our oceans
is increasingly under threat,
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this has never been more urgent.
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Our journey begins in the warm,
clear shallows of the tropics.
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Home to coral reefs.
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They occupy less than
1% of the ocean floor.
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Yet, they are home
to a quarter of all marine species.
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Competition is fierce
in these crowded underwater cities.
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We are learning just how noisy they are
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with state-of-the-art
underwater microphones.
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Amazingly, fish can talk to each other.
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But sometimes it's better to stay quiet.
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On Australia's great barrier reef,
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one character is challenging
our understanding of fish intelligence.
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This is a tusk fish.
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He does something
few would have believed a fish could do.
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Every morning, he makes a journey
out to the edge of the reef.
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He is looking for breakfast.
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A clam.
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But how to crack it open
and get to the meat inside?
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He carries it all the way back
to his special kitchen.
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A bowl shaped coral.
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With a particular bump inside
that he always uses.
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It's not easy
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if you have no hands.
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Oops.
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Dropped it again.
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But he's got great determination.
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At last.
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So here's a fish that uses a tool.
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Some fish are much cleverer
than we ever thought.
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Even ocean creatures
that we already knew where smart
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are continuing to surprise us.
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This bottlenose dolphin mum
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is about to teach her calf
an important lesson
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here in the red seas.
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She leads him
to a particular bush-like coral
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called a gorgonian.
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The family rub themselves
through the fronds.
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The calf is watching
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and learning.
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Gorgonian fronds
are covered with a mucous
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that can have anti-inflammatory
and anti-microbial properties.
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So, maybe, the dolphins are doing this
to protect themselves from infection.
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The calf may be too young to join in,
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but his family's secret knowledge
of the coral reef
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is teaching us to search
for new medicines here, too.
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00:13:14,919 --> 00:13:18,958
As we leave the tropics
and head into cooler waters,
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we enter the temperate seas.
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These are home
to mysterious undersea forests.
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Giant kelp, a seaweed,
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towers 200 feet high,
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growing two feet a day
under the summer sunshine.
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00:14:06,637 --> 00:14:10,095
Marine plants
are the lungs of our planet.
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00:14:10,767 --> 00:14:13,383
They pump out as much oxygen
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as all the forests
and grassy plains on land.
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00:14:22,862 --> 00:14:28,107
Within their tangled undergrowth,
extraordinary discoveries await.
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In the shark-filled
kelp forests of Southern Africa
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lives one brave little octopus.
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00:15:01,275 --> 00:15:05,609
Pyjama sharks
are every octopus' worst nightmare.
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00:15:18,251 --> 00:15:21,288
But the octopus
has a trick up her sleeve.
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In a behaviour
previously unknown to science,
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she disguises herself with shells,
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creating a suit of armour.
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The shark can sense its prey.
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But the shells protect her.
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Superior wits allow this octopus
to stay alive.
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00:16:47,006 --> 00:16:49,543
But just as we're getting
to know these forests,
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we're recognising their vulnerability.
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00:16:59,644 --> 00:17:03,478
Off north America's pacific coast,
great stands of kelp
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are being felled
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00:17:08,110 --> 00:17:11,443
by armies of ravenous sea urchins.
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They much through the roots
with razor-sharp teeth.
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But some kelp forests here
have unlikely guardians.
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Seg otters.
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00:17:58,286 --> 00:18:02,370
Because they live their entire lives
in such cold waters,
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they need to eat
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30% of their body weight a day
to stay warm.
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00:18:23,102 --> 00:18:26,720
One of their favourite foods
is sea urchin.
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00:18:57,261 --> 00:18:59,126
By removing the urchins,
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the otters allow
the forests to flourish.
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00:19:06,354 --> 00:19:11,394
And with all this food,
they're having a baby boom.
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Now, in a few remote areas,
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sea otters are creating vast rafts
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in numbers not seen
for more than a century.
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00:20:15,965 --> 00:20:19,002
As we leave our coasts
and head for the high seas,
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we enter the open ocean.
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00:20:28,227 --> 00:20:31,139
Covering over half our planet's surface,
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it's the world's greatest wilderness.
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A vast empty void
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where there's nowhere to hide
and little to eat.
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00:21:02,011 --> 00:21:05,503
And, yet, it's home
to vast numbers of dolphins.
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Spinner dolphins.
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00:21:30,664 --> 00:21:33,497
They sweep this marine desert for food
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in a superpod 5,000 strong.
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And they're leading this research vessel
to a rare feeding event.
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But to find it, they have to be fast.
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00:22:10,788 --> 00:22:14,701
Using echolocation,
they lock on to their prey.
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00:22:19,547 --> 00:22:21,788
Great shoals of lantern fish.
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00:23:00,212 --> 00:23:02,874
By pinning the school
against the surface,
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00:23:02,965 --> 00:23:06,298
the dolphins keep
this fleeting opportunity alive.
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00:23:14,310 --> 00:23:17,268
But all this food
attracts other predators.
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00:23:17,897 --> 00:23:19,433
Yellowfin tuna.
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00:23:29,575 --> 00:23:31,281
They rip through the lantern fish
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in a whirling carousel
at 40 miles an hour.
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00:23:36,999 --> 00:23:39,536
Now, the sea begins to boil.
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00:24:02,733 --> 00:24:04,644
Finally, mobula rays
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with ten foot wing spans swoop in.
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In just 15 minutes, all that's left
is a silvery confetti of scales.
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These fleeting events are becoming rarer
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as we continue
to overfish our high seas.
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00:25:18,183 --> 00:25:20,265
The open ocean may be featureless
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00:25:22,771 --> 00:25:27,936
but isolated volcanic peaks
rise abruptly from deep water...
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00:25:35,617 --> 00:25:38,575
Hinting at a secret world below.
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00:25:52,134 --> 00:25:56,628
The deep ocean
is as challenging to explore as space.
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00:26:06,982 --> 00:26:11,976
We know more about the surface of Mars
than we do about the deep sea.
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00:26:22,748 --> 00:26:25,831
Now, from the research vessel alucia,
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we can dive these uncharted depths
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00:26:30,714 --> 00:26:33,501
to discover our final frontier.
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As we descend,
the pressure increases relentlessly.
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00:26:56,073 --> 00:27:01,067
Six hundred feet down,
we enter an alien world.
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The twilight zone.
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00:27:21,640 --> 00:27:23,301
A pyrosome.
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A tube of jelly six-feet long.
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And, stranger still barrel eye.
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A fish with a transparent head,
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so that it can look up
through its skull.
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Eventually,
we reach the deep sea floor.
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A layer of mud. In places, a mile thick.
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00:28:20,782 --> 00:28:24,320
Over time, the mud here slowly decays.
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00:28:34,546 --> 00:28:37,834
Creating volcanoes of methane gas.
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The deep maybe hostile,
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but it's also home
to the weird and wonderful.
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Dancing crabs called yetis.
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Because of their hairy arms
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on which they farm bacteria to eat.
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A dumbo octopus.
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00:29:53,542 --> 00:29:56,955
With ear-like-fins to hover
above the muddy sea floor.
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There are also corals here.
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With more species
than on shallow tropical reefs.
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Astonishingly, we're now finding
there's more life down here
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than anywhere else on earth.
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This may seem an alien world,
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but we are more closely
connected to the deep
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than we ever thought possible.
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Thanks to great ocean currents.
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00:31:07,866 --> 00:31:11,029
These begin at the frozen poles.
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Here in Antarctica,
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the surface waters
are so cold and heavy
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that they sink.
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00:31:32,933 --> 00:31:37,677
That creates immense rivers of water
that flow into the deep
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00:31:37,771 --> 00:31:41,389
where they power
a global network of currents.
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00:31:57,749 --> 00:32:00,661
These currents flow
from the frozen poles
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to the warm tropics and back again,
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linking every ocean.
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They redistribute heat around the planet
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maintaining a climate favourable
for life on earth.
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From producing the oxygen we breathe
to controlling our weather,
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the oceans are our life-support system.
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00:32:44,671 --> 00:32:48,539
But just as we're discovering
how dependant we are on the oceans,
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there are worrying signs
that they are warming
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at a faster rate than every before
in human history.
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00:33:01,563 --> 00:33:03,895
And nowhere is this more extreme
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than in the arctic.
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Walrus prefer to rest on sea ice.
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But with less ice than ever before,
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hundreds of quarrelsome mothers
now have to haul out on dry land.
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It's far from an ideal nursery.
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Nor is it safe from polar bears.
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00:33:54,449 --> 00:33:58,408
A full-grown male walrus
is too big for a bear to tackle.
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00:34:03,583 --> 00:34:06,416
So, it's looking for a walrus baby.
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This young mother
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needs to find somewhere
for her pup to rest.
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The only safe places
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are the last remaining pieces
of floating ice.
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00:35:17,324 --> 00:35:18,324
The trouble is...
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That they're slippery...
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00:35:39,387 --> 00:35:43,175
And some walrus pups are just too heavy.
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The best icebergs are already full.
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It only takes another one-ton mum
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to tip the balance.
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00:36:53,461 --> 00:36:56,373
Finding a safe place
on these melting shores
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becomes harder and harder.
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00:37:37,839 --> 00:37:42,833
Solving these problems together
helps create a bond so strong
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that the mother and her youngster
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will stay in contact
for the rest of their lives.
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00:38:05,867 --> 00:38:07,903
Just as we're beginning to understand
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00:38:07,994 --> 00:38:10,531
the sophisticated lives
of sea creatures,
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00:38:11,623 --> 00:38:16,162
so we begin to recognise
the fragility of their home.
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00:38:29,224 --> 00:38:32,682
As we explore every part
of the remote seas
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00:38:35,188 --> 00:38:37,099
and meet astonishing animals
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00:38:43,029 --> 00:38:47,238
We've begun to appreciate
the importance of our oceans.
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00:38:52,789 --> 00:38:57,749
There has never been a more crucial time
to continue this journey of discovery.
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00:39:06,135 --> 00:39:10,879
Because our future, too,
depends on a healthy blue planet.
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00:39:14,936 --> 00:39:18,428
And who knows
what other secrets are out there...
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Waiting to be discovered.
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00:39:39,711 --> 00:39:41,702
Man 1: The first time
I saw the tusk fish
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00:39:41,796 --> 00:39:44,208
cracking a clam open
on its little anvil,
220
00:39:44,299 --> 00:39:46,164
I was just gobsmacked.
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00:39:47,468 --> 00:39:49,959
He must have hit it well over 50 times.
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00:39:50,847 --> 00:39:53,259
We call him Percy. Percy the persistent.
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00:39:57,979 --> 00:40:01,813
Man 2: No one has previously dived
to a thousand metres in Antarctica.
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00:40:04,444 --> 00:40:06,605
It is exciting. It is thrilling.
225
00:40:07,322 --> 00:40:09,153
And, yet, it's also slightly terrifying.
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00:40:16,039 --> 00:40:18,030
Man 3:
Control, control, deep rover.
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00:40:18,291 --> 00:40:22,125
My depth is 1,000 metres
on bottom. Over.
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00:40:23,963 --> 00:40:27,171
Man 2: We can't explore
the deep ocean remotely
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00:40:27,300 --> 00:40:29,632
without actually going there ourselves.
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00:40:30,303 --> 00:40:31,884
And we're the first to do that here.
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00:40:37,518 --> 00:40:40,806
Man 4: It's an ordeal to get it going
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00:40:42,065 --> 00:40:44,772
because it's a big,
giant piece of equipment.
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00:40:45,485 --> 00:40:48,522
But we now have it.
We're heading out to find some walrus.
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00:40:53,076 --> 00:40:56,819
We just had our first successful shoot
with the megadome, and it was great.
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00:40:56,913 --> 00:41:00,201
I mean, it was that classic shot
of an iceberg,
236
00:41:00,291 --> 00:41:03,283
where six-sevenths of the berg
is underwater
237
00:41:03,461 --> 00:41:05,167
and then on top was two walrus.
238
00:41:14,013 --> 00:41:15,799
Man 5: I'm feeling pretty nervous.
The erm...
239
00:41:16,766 --> 00:41:18,131
It's a big swell out there.
240
00:41:18,768 --> 00:41:21,529
This will probably be the biggest seas,
I think I've ever been out in.
241
00:41:22,814 --> 00:41:25,351
The wave actually
hit the back of the sled.
242
00:41:25,483 --> 00:41:28,395
Hit a big bump and almost bounced off
trying to hold the camera,
243
00:41:28,528 --> 00:41:29,734
and just rode out of there.
244
00:41:30,571 --> 00:41:32,800
Just another day at the office.
Created BY Pinroy Bijayan
19294
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