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{\an7}\hNARRATOR: Johnny and Pauline
Falk are adventurous travelers.
2
00:00:13,096 --> 00:00:21,771
{\an7}In 1937, they board the Pan Am
Clipper in San Francisco Bay.
3
00:00:23,065 --> 00:00:26,360
{\an7}\hPan Am has just begun the
first commercial air service
4
00:00:26,401 --> 00:00:30,363
{\an7}across the Pacific.
5
00:00:31,573 --> 00:00:35,869
{\an7}It’s no simple task.
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00:00:35,911 --> 00:00:40,749
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThe small float plane
faces an 8200-mile flight path.
7
00:00:41,291 --> 00:00:44,127
{\an7}\h\h\h\hIt pushes the
limits of its range...
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00:00:44,169 --> 00:00:51,051
{\an7}\h\h\hto fly between tiny dots
scattered across the great sea.
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00:00:51,093 --> 00:00:55,598
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAirborne at last,
Pauline writes in her diary.
10
00:00:55,639 --> 00:00:58,350
{\an7}\h\h\h\hPAULINE: The
flight is so smooth,
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00:00:58,392 --> 00:01:02,563
{\an7}there is no feeling about it.
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00:01:02,604 --> 00:01:07,317
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: After 19 hours,
they make their first landing.
13
00:01:07,359 --> 00:01:12,072
{\an7}Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
14
00:01:12,114 --> 00:01:17,411
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hThis American
territory is barely American.
15
00:01:17,786 --> 00:01:21,581
{\an7}\hIts people are more
rooted in the Pacific.
16
00:01:26,461 --> 00:01:30,840
{\an7}Next stop -- Midway.
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00:01:33,594 --> 00:01:35,554
{\an7}Johnny films an idyllic scene
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00:01:35,596 --> 00:01:41,852
{\an7}\h\h\h\hon an island that
will soon become infamous.
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00:01:41,893 --> 00:01:48,483
{\an7}PAULINE: The gooney birds are
marvelous in the sand dunes.
20
00:01:48,525 --> 00:01:51,319
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: Their home movies
from the Smithsonian Archives
21
00:01:51,361 --> 00:01:53,321
{\an7}are among the first color images
22
00:01:53,363 --> 00:01:58,368
{\an7}\hof these remote
American outposts.
23
00:02:00,912 --> 00:02:04,332
{\an7}Then -- Wake Island.
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00:02:04,374 --> 00:02:06,585
{\an7}\h\hIt’s uninhabited
until Pan Am turns it
25
00:02:06,627 --> 00:02:11,882
{\an7}into a first class way station.
26
00:02:15,302 --> 00:02:22,935
{\an7}\h\h\h\hIt’s another 11 hours
over the open sea -- to Guam.
27
00:02:23,310 --> 00:02:27,147
{\an7}\hPAULINE: The most
tropical place yet.
28
00:02:27,189 --> 00:02:34,071
{\an7}\hDrove to Agana,
the largest town.
29
00:02:35,322 --> 00:02:37,115
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: A small
military base protects
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00:02:37,157 --> 00:02:41,286
{\an7}20,000 American nationals.
31
00:02:43,121 --> 00:02:50,045
{\an7}\hThe Falks film smiling
kids parading in uniform.
32
00:02:51,672 --> 00:02:57,011
{\an7}\hTheir next stop will
be a much longer stay.
33
00:03:02,391 --> 00:03:08,480
{\an7}\h\h\h\hPAULINE: I find it
difficult to leave Manila.
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00:03:09,981 --> 00:03:11,024
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: The
Philippines have been
35
00:03:11,066 --> 00:03:15,571
{\an7}in U.S. hands since 1898.
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00:03:15,612 --> 00:03:19,658
{\an7}It’s America’s most
distant territory --
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00:03:19,700 --> 00:03:27,791
{\an7}\h\hthe edge of a young
empire, defined in neon.
38
00:03:33,213 --> 00:03:39,636
{\an7}\h\h\h\hPast Manila, the Falks
finally escape America’s reach.
39
00:03:40,095 --> 00:03:44,016
{\an7}Nothing looks familiar.
40
00:03:44,558 --> 00:03:50,814
{\an7}In Hong Kong harbor, ships
have sails like seashells.
41
00:03:52,858 --> 00:04:00,991
{\an7}\h\h\hIn China, the
boats are simpler...
42
00:04:01,032 --> 00:04:06,079
{\an7}and the people are spellbinding.
43
00:04:06,955 --> 00:04:10,709
{\an7}\h\h\hFinally, exactly two
months after leaving home,
44
00:04:10,751 --> 00:04:14,797
{\an7}\hthey reach their
final destination.
45
00:04:16,131 --> 00:04:19,426
{\an7}Japan.
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00:04:44,785 --> 00:04:48,455
{\an7}\hJohnny and Pauline’s
journey is remarkable,
47
00:04:48,497 --> 00:04:52,793
{\an7}and their path is prophetic.
48
00:04:54,795 --> 00:04:57,673
{\an7}\h\h\h\hThey have crossed an
ocean that Ferdinand Magellan
49
00:04:57,714 --> 00:05:04,012
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hnamed "Mar
Pacifico," the peaceful sea.
50
00:05:06,348 --> 00:05:12,479
{\an7}\h\hBut a wave of war will soon
obliterate the Falk’s footsteps,
51
00:05:12,521 --> 00:05:14,898
{\an7}replacing scenes of peace
52
00:05:14,940 --> 00:05:21,655
{\an7}with scenes of a cataclysm
\hno one can yet imagine.
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00:05:21,696 --> 00:05:25,700
{\an7}♪ ♪
54
00:05:28,453 --> 00:05:30,372
{\an7}\h\h\hCOL DONOVAN: It looked
like you’re headed for hell.
55
00:05:30,413 --> 00:05:31,831
{\an7}Because you were.
56
00:05:31,873 --> 00:05:34,667
{\an7}[explosion]
57
00:05:34,709 --> 00:05:40,340
{\an7}\h\hPVT MENDEZ: My heart was
beating 1,000 times a minute.
58
00:05:40,382 --> 00:05:42,301
{\an7}THOMAS: They didn’t
want to be captured.
59
00:05:42,342 --> 00:05:48,557
{\an7}It was either us... or them.
60
00:05:48,932 --> 00:05:51,017
{\an7}SN RIPPER: Coming towards
us was a Japanese plane,
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00:05:51,059 --> 00:05:53,478
{\an7}just skimming over the water.
62
00:05:53,520 --> 00:05:57,149
{\an7}[din of war]
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00:05:57,190 --> 00:05:59,359
{\an7}\h\h\h\hK.L.: My eyes
were paining with oil.
64
00:05:59,401 --> 00:06:03,447
{\an7}\h\hBut we got a rope,
and were taken aboard.
65
00:06:04,531 --> 00:06:07,701
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hJERELL: The
beach was a mountain.
66
00:06:07,742 --> 00:06:11,412
{\an7}\hTIM: We didn’t think
of ourselves as heroes.
67
00:06:11,454 --> 00:06:15,333
{\an7}\h\hGEORGE: It’s not
just what I remember.
68
00:06:15,375 --> 00:06:18,086
{\an7}It’s what I’ll never forget.
69
00:06:18,128 --> 00:06:22,132
{\an7}[♪ theme music ♪]
70
00:06:33,560 --> 00:06:37,564
{\an7}[car horns honking]
71
00:06:39,733 --> 00:06:43,570
{\an7}NARRATOR: Philadelphia, 1939.
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00:06:43,612 --> 00:06:46,698
{\an7}\hThere’s a buzz building
inside Municipal Stadium.
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00:06:46,740 --> 00:06:49,159
{\an7}[hum of crowd]
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00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:53,663
{\an7}\hA marching band warms up the
crowd on a chilly December day.
75
00:06:53,705 --> 00:06:57,709
{\an7}[marching band plays]
76
00:07:00,587 --> 00:07:05,092
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hThen, military
formations fill the field.
77
00:07:05,133 --> 00:07:12,349
{\an7}First the Army, then the Navy.
78
00:07:14,851 --> 00:07:20,648
{\an7}\h\h\h\hOnce the field is
clear, the battle begins.
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00:07:24,819 --> 00:07:28,698
{\an7}This is the first known color
\hfilm of the Army Navy game.
80
00:07:28,740 --> 00:07:33,036
{\an7}[crowd cheering]
81
00:07:34,287 --> 00:07:39,292
{\an7}\h\h\hColonel Wilbur Dockum
shoots from his corner seat.
82
00:07:41,252 --> 00:07:44,589
{\an7}♪ ♪
83
00:07:44,631 --> 00:07:50,303
{\an7}\hDockum also films his Army
unit training at West Point.
84
00:07:50,345 --> 00:07:55,684
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIn 1939, America’s
military is not very robust.
85
00:07:55,725 --> 00:08:01,314
{\an7}All the services combined
\hhave about 600,000 men.
86
00:08:01,356 --> 00:08:04,818
{\an7}\hBack at the warehouse,
everything looks dated --
87
00:08:04,859 --> 00:08:08,571
{\an7}right out of World War I.
88
00:08:08,613 --> 00:08:10,448
{\an7}\h\hThe average foot
soldier still carries
89
00:08:10,490 --> 00:08:16,162
{\an7}a 1903 Springfield rifle.
90
00:08:16,204 --> 00:08:21,000
{\an7}\hTraining is sincere,
but not always serious.
91
00:08:22,961 --> 00:08:24,296
{\an7}PVT BAYE: I was a radio man.
92
00:08:24,337 --> 00:08:25,797
{\an7}I only fired my rifle once
93
00:08:25,839 --> 00:08:29,301
{\an7}\h\h\h\hthe whole damn
time I was in the Army.
94
00:08:30,260 --> 00:08:32,512
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: The Army figures
less than half of its troops
95
00:08:32,554 --> 00:08:35,807
{\an7}are properly trained.
96
00:08:35,849 --> 00:08:37,517
{\an7}They’re barely literate.
97
00:08:37,559 --> 00:08:40,729
{\an7}\h\h\h\hSeventy-five percent
haven’t finished high school,
98
00:08:40,770 --> 00:08:45,400
{\an7}and 41 percent never started it.
99
00:08:47,110 --> 00:08:52,490
{\an7}Americans greet their military
\h\h\hwith a collective shrug.
100
00:08:52,824 --> 00:08:55,201
{\an7}\hWhen Dockum’s unit
parades through town,
101
00:08:55,243 --> 00:08:58,663
{\an7}few people stop to watch.
102
00:08:58,705 --> 00:09:04,127
{\an7}It’s more sideshow
than show of force.
103
00:09:08,298 --> 00:09:11,468
{\an7}Dockum captures it
all on color film,
104
00:09:11,509 --> 00:09:14,345
{\an7}\h\ha recent invention
for home movie buffs --
105
00:09:14,387 --> 00:09:16,973
{\an7}and combat cameramen.
106
00:09:17,015 --> 00:09:18,308
{\an7}♪ ♪
107
00:09:18,349 --> 00:09:20,226
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hSGT HATCH: I was
carrying two hand cameras.
108
00:09:20,268 --> 00:09:22,437
{\an7}[explosions and gunfire]
109
00:09:22,479 --> 00:09:25,440
{\an7}\hWe were laying on the
beach, watching this --
110
00:09:25,482 --> 00:09:29,069
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hguys were
getting blown to pieces.
111
00:09:32,322 --> 00:09:35,492
{\an7}♪ ♪
112
00:09:35,533 --> 00:09:42,206
{\an7}NARRATOR: In the 1930s, America
is a fragmented society.
113
00:09:50,632 --> 00:09:53,385
{\an7}\h\hAbout the only thing
everyone faces in common
114
00:09:53,426 --> 00:09:58,056
{\an7}are the fierce headwinds
of the Great Depression.
115
00:10:03,895 --> 00:10:09,776
{\an7}\h\h\hSome of America’s future
soldiers are still school kids.
116
00:10:15,824 --> 00:10:19,036
{\an7}Armand Maffuccio hustles
to make a few extra bucks
117
00:10:19,077 --> 00:10:22,038
{\an7}\hfor his family of
Italian immigrants.
118
00:10:22,997 --> 00:10:25,791
{\an7}\h\h\hARMAND: I’d get up early
and work with the baker first.
119
00:10:25,834 --> 00:10:31,506
{\an7}Then after school, I’d go back
and help him make the bread.
120
00:10:31,548 --> 00:10:37,262
{\an7}\hFor a few dollars, you’d go
anyplace. You just go get it.
121
00:10:37,303 --> 00:10:39,639
{\an7}NARRATOR: Michael Kuryla
frequents the movie house
122
00:10:39,681 --> 00:10:43,768
{\an7}\h\h\h\hto follow the war
already raging in Europe.
123
00:10:47,021 --> 00:10:49,065
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hPO3 KURYLA: At the
movies, they’d show newsreels
124
00:10:49,107 --> 00:10:51,526
{\an7}\hshowing the fleet
and all the warships
125
00:10:51,568 --> 00:10:55,030
{\an7}in a row out there in the ocean.
126
00:10:55,071 --> 00:10:59,784
{\an7}♪ ♪
127
00:10:59,826 --> 00:11:02,120
{\an7}NARRATOR: In 1940,
Americans re-elect
128
00:11:02,162 --> 00:11:05,123
{\an7}President Franklin Roosevelt,
129
00:11:05,165 --> 00:11:09,294
{\an7}banking on his promise
to stay out of the war.
130
00:11:09,335 --> 00:11:13,464
{\an7}\h\hMany feel America should
solve its own problems first.
131
00:11:15,592 --> 00:11:18,553
{\an7}\hPO3 KURYLA: My dad
didn’t have any work.
132
00:11:18,595 --> 00:11:20,097
{\an7}A lot of times we were wondering
133
00:11:20,138 --> 00:11:23,767
{\an7}\h\h\hwhere our next
meal would come from.
134
00:11:26,895 --> 00:11:28,480
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: Most
people think going to war
135
00:11:28,521 --> 00:11:32,150
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hwill be an
economic step backward.
136
00:11:33,735 --> 00:11:39,074
{\an7}Two thirds think it will make
the next generation worse off.
137
00:11:39,741 --> 00:11:43,328
{\an7}America’s focus is inward.
138
00:11:46,080 --> 00:11:47,623
{\an7}\h\h\hMost live out
their lives without
139
00:11:47,665 --> 00:11:53,087
{\an7}\hventuring much beyond the
horizon of their own needs.
140
00:11:54,797 --> 00:11:56,132
{\an7}But in a few months,
141
00:11:56,174 --> 00:12:00,762
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hsome will venture
farther than they ever dreamed.
142
00:12:00,929 --> 00:12:04,558
{\an7}♪ ♪
143
00:12:04,599 --> 00:12:07,852
{\an7}\hSN RIPPER: We had
never gone anywhere.
144
00:12:07,894 --> 00:12:14,984
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hOnce we got away from
home, it was a different world.
145
00:12:15,026 --> 00:12:18,947
{\an7}♪ ♪
146
00:12:18,988 --> 00:12:22,241
{\an7}NARRATOR: Shanghai, China.
147
00:12:22,784 --> 00:12:25,996
{\an7}Here, cultures intersect.
148
00:12:26,621 --> 00:12:31,292
{\an7}\h\hIt’s a Chinese city with an
American and British settlement.
149
00:12:32,835 --> 00:12:38,090
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hStreets reveal a
global mix of carts and cars.
150
00:12:38,132 --> 00:12:40,635
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIt’s an
international crossroads,
151
00:12:40,677 --> 00:12:44,598
{\an7}\hbut Japan has it
in its crosshairs.
152
00:12:44,639 --> 00:12:48,768
{\an7}[gunfire]
153
00:12:48,810 --> 00:12:52,689
{\an7}In 1937, they invade.
154
00:12:52,730 --> 00:12:58,361
{\an7}Their own film shows parts of
Shanghai crumbling in a heap.
155
00:12:58,403 --> 00:13:00,822
{\an7}Japan seizes the
Chinese portion,
156
00:13:01,030 --> 00:13:04,534
{\an7}surrounding the westerners.
157
00:13:06,995 --> 00:13:12,334
{\an7}Then Japan storms another city.
158
00:13:12,917 --> 00:13:17,213
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hThey overwhelm
Chinese forces within days...
159
00:13:17,255 --> 00:13:22,761
{\an7}\h\hthen massacre up
to 300,000 citizens.
160
00:13:23,803 --> 00:13:28,433
{\an7}It becomes known as
the Rape of Nanking.
161
00:13:28,474 --> 00:13:31,060
{\an7}♪ ♪
162
00:13:31,102 --> 00:13:37,150
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThe Chinese try to
carry on -- amid the rubble.
163
00:13:38,735 --> 00:13:42,822
{\an7}The horrors linger like ghosts.
164
00:13:47,452 --> 00:13:49,120
{\an7}On this pockmarked building,
165
00:13:49,162 --> 00:13:54,000
{\an7}\h\hthe invaders flaunt
their flag like a brand.
166
00:13:54,042 --> 00:13:59,005
{\an7}Japanese soldiers signal
a new imperial presence.
167
00:13:59,047 --> 00:14:03,593
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAmerica wonders if
Japan’s ambition ends here --
168
00:14:03,634 --> 00:14:08,848
{\an7}\h\h\hor extends to one of
its own territories nearby.
169
00:14:10,850 --> 00:14:14,103
{\an7}\hCOL OLSON: Sirens in
Manila were going off.
170
00:14:14,145 --> 00:14:19,525
{\an7}\hWe began to get a picture
that it wasn’t looking good.
171
00:14:21,361 --> 00:14:25,365
{\an7}♪ ♪
172
00:14:33,289 --> 00:14:36,751
{\an7}\h\h\hNARRATOR: When the Falks
visit the Philippines in 1937,
173
00:14:36,793 --> 00:14:39,337
{\an7}they stay at the Manila Hotel,
174
00:14:39,379 --> 00:14:45,218
{\an7}\han upscale haven for
expats and foreigners.
175
00:14:45,259 --> 00:14:47,261
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hAs Pauline
enjoys the warm breeze
176
00:14:47,303 --> 00:14:49,430
{\an7}coming through the hotel window,
177
00:14:49,472 --> 00:14:54,644
{\an7}\h\hanother family is living
upstairs in the penthouse.
178
00:14:57,063 --> 00:15:03,069
{\an7}\h\hLittle Arthur, his mother
Jean, and his father Douglas.
179
00:15:03,111 --> 00:15:07,741
{\an7}These are the personal films
of General Douglas MacArthur.
180
00:15:07,782 --> 00:15:09,784
{\an7}He’s retired from the U.S. Army,
181
00:15:09,826 --> 00:15:12,579
{\an7}winding down his career
by serving as an advisor
182
00:15:12,620 --> 00:15:16,124
{\an7}to the Philippine government.
183
00:15:16,165 --> 00:15:17,124
{\an7}♪ ♪
184
00:15:17,166 --> 00:15:18,459
{\an7}He oversees a joint force
185
00:15:18,501 --> 00:15:23,798
{\an7}of 130,000 Filipino
and American troops.
186
00:15:24,507 --> 00:15:26,384
{\an7}GEN MACARTHUR: With adequate
\h\hprotection this country
187
00:15:26,426 --> 00:15:30,680
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hwill flourish as a
brilliant product of democracy.
188
00:15:30,721 --> 00:15:34,266
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: But
protection is not adequate.
189
00:15:34,308 --> 00:15:39,647
{\an7}\hFilipino troops are barely
trained, and poorly equipped.
190
00:15:39,981 --> 00:15:42,567
{\an7}PVT BROWN: They had six shooter
pistols, believe it or not.
191
00:15:42,608 --> 00:15:44,151
{\an7}Colts.
192
00:15:44,193 --> 00:15:49,115
{\an7}They were so old you couldn’t
even get ammunition for them.
193
00:15:49,157 --> 00:15:51,826
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: Robert Brown
admits his own American forces
194
00:15:51,868 --> 00:15:54,120
{\an7}aren’t much better off.
195
00:15:54,162 --> 00:15:57,540
{\an7}\h\h\h\hPVT BROWN: We had
World War I hand grenades.
196
00:15:57,582 --> 00:16:01,127
{\an7}\hYou could pull the pins and
hit them with a baseball bat,
197
00:16:01,169 --> 00:16:04,381
{\an7}and they would not go off.
198
00:16:04,422 --> 00:16:05,715
{\an7}NARRATOR: If war breaks out,
199
00:16:05,756 --> 00:16:08,926
{\an7}\h\hthe Philippines
are in grave danger.
200
00:16:08,968 --> 00:16:12,805
{\an7}\hMacArthur wonders why 16
million American nationals
201
00:16:12,847 --> 00:16:15,141
{\an7}are barely protected.
202
00:16:15,183 --> 00:16:16,643
{\an7}\hGEN MACARTHUR: The
apparent disinterest
203
00:16:16,684 --> 00:16:21,230
{\an7}\hon the part of the United
States is incomprehensible.
204
00:16:21,272 --> 00:16:26,235
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: But if Army officers
are worried, they don’t show it.
205
00:16:29,071 --> 00:16:33,367
{\an7}♪ ♪
206
00:16:33,409 --> 00:16:35,620
{\an7}At a base south of Manila,
207
00:16:35,661 --> 00:16:40,708
{\an7}\hAmericans carve out
a colonial playground.
208
00:16:43,961 --> 00:16:49,341
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hRecreation includes
rousing games of bicycle polo.
209
00:16:56,557 --> 00:17:00,394
{\an7}There are some casualties.
210
00:17:02,146 --> 00:17:03,439
{\an7}An assignment in the Philippines
211
00:17:03,481 --> 00:17:08,528
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\happears to be
mostly about fun and sun.
212
00:17:08,569 --> 00:17:12,448
{\an7}Soon, it will be about survival.
213
00:17:13,866 --> 00:17:15,993
{\an7}[explosion]
214
00:17:16,035 --> 00:17:19,413
{\an7}2LT HATCH: As I was going out
front, I got shot in the leg.
215
00:17:19,455 --> 00:17:24,919
{\an7}\hWhen I looked up, I got shot
again -- right through my nose.
216
00:17:27,421 --> 00:17:31,216
{\an7}♪ ♪
217
00:17:31,259 --> 00:17:37,098
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: The epicenter of
the coming earthquake is Japan.
218
00:17:37,640 --> 00:17:43,104
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIts proud history
stretches back 2,000 years.
219
00:17:43,145 --> 00:17:48,317
{\an7}It’s become wary of encroaching
western influence in Asia,
220
00:17:48,359 --> 00:17:49,694
{\an7}thinking they should be the ones
221
00:17:49,735 --> 00:17:53,489
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hto lead the
continent into the future.
222
00:17:54,490 --> 00:17:58,119
{\an7}But Japan is also stuck
in the Great Depression,
223
00:17:58,160 --> 00:18:03,332
{\an7}and many think expansion is the
only way to crawl out of it.
224
00:18:03,666 --> 00:18:05,084
{\an7}\h\hKUMAGAYA: People were
looking for a breakthrough
225
00:18:05,126 --> 00:18:06,961
{\an7}because times were hard
226
00:18:07,003 --> 00:18:11,132
{\an7}\hand no one thought of
war in a realistic way.
227
00:18:12,967 --> 00:18:16,971
{\an7}[men shouting]
228
00:18:19,056 --> 00:18:23,352
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: By 1940 the
military controls Japan.
229
00:18:23,394 --> 00:18:27,231
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hThey have 1.5
million men in uniform --
230
00:18:27,273 --> 00:18:30,860
{\an7}more than double
America’s forces.
231
00:18:30,901 --> 00:18:34,196
{\an7}The manpower comes from within.
232
00:18:34,238 --> 00:18:38,451
{\an7}\hThe raw materials come
from its growing empire.
233
00:18:40,286 --> 00:18:43,039
{\an7}\hGEN MACARTHUR: They lacked
sugar, so they took Formosa.
234
00:18:43,080 --> 00:18:45,916
{\an7}They lacked iron, so
they took Manchuria.
235
00:18:45,958 --> 00:18:49,795
{\an7}\h\hThey lacked hard coal and
timber, so they invaded China.
236
00:18:49,837 --> 00:18:54,300
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hThey lacked
security, so they took Korea.
237
00:18:54,925 --> 00:18:57,719
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThey intended, by
force of arms if necessary,
238
00:18:57,762 --> 00:18:59,639
{\an7}to establish an economic sphere
239
00:18:59,680 --> 00:19:03,017
{\an7}\hcompletely under
their own control.
240
00:19:06,479 --> 00:19:08,731
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: But waves
of Japanese expansion
241
00:19:08,773 --> 00:19:10,692
{\an7}have yet to reach here.
242
00:19:10,733 --> 00:19:12,360
{\an7}♪ ♪
243
00:19:12,401 --> 00:19:15,237
{\an7}Hawaii.
244
00:19:17,531 --> 00:19:20,159
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hThe famous
crossroads sign in Honolulu
245
00:19:20,201 --> 00:19:26,332
{\an7}\h\hshows just how far
it is -- from anywhere.
246
00:19:26,374 --> 00:19:29,711
{\an7}\h\h\h\hIn 1941, the U.S.
Navy base at Pearl Harbor
247
00:19:29,752 --> 00:19:34,465
{\an7}is just about the only sign that
it’s an American territory.
248
00:19:37,927 --> 00:19:43,349
{\an7}\h\h\hMostly, Hawaii
hums to its own tune.
249
00:19:46,519 --> 00:19:50,064
{\an7}This is the pre-war footage
\hof Francis Raymond Line,
250
00:19:50,106 --> 00:19:52,775
{\an7}a traveling filmmaker.
251
00:19:52,817 --> 00:19:58,406
{\an7}\h\h\h\hHis color film unspools
like a perfect travel brochure.
252
00:19:58,447 --> 00:20:01,241
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFRANCIS: We
discovered a dozen rainbows --
253
00:20:01,283 --> 00:20:04,328
{\an7}some even two at a time.
254
00:20:05,079 --> 00:20:09,834
{\an7}\hOur camera drank in
scenes of the harvest.
255
00:20:09,875 --> 00:20:12,711
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAnd cattle being
loaded by rope and derrick
256
00:20:12,753 --> 00:20:16,882
{\an7}onto ships off shore
at the Parker Ranch.
257
00:20:16,924 --> 00:20:21,637
{\an7}NARRATOR: Hawaii has its
own way of doing things.
258
00:20:21,679 --> 00:20:25,391
{\an7}\h\hIt’s not used to
cultural convulsions.
259
00:20:25,433 --> 00:20:29,896
{\an7}\h\h\h\hChange usually
comes on the slow boat.
260
00:20:33,607 --> 00:20:38,904
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hFrancis Line’s film
paints Hawaii as nearly perfect.
261
00:20:38,946 --> 00:20:44,660
{\an7}It’s paradise framed
by crashing waves --
262
00:20:44,702 --> 00:20:48,080
{\an7}\h\ha roaring perimeter with
wondrous views of the Pacific
263
00:20:48,122 --> 00:20:51,208
{\an7}curving out of sight.
264
00:20:51,250 --> 00:20:55,254
{\an7}♪ ♪
265
00:21:02,470 --> 00:21:05,515
{\an7}Beyond Hawaii’s horizon line,
266
00:21:05,556 --> 00:21:07,767
{\an7}Japanese cameras film an armada
267
00:21:07,808 --> 00:21:12,563
{\an7}\h\hsecretly slicing its
way through the Pacific.
268
00:21:12,605 --> 00:21:17,443
{\an7}It’s December 6th, 1941.
269
00:21:20,279 --> 00:21:26,660
{\an7}The American military is on
alert, but not up to speed.
270
00:21:26,702 --> 00:21:28,370
{\an7}On this very day, one unit
271
00:21:28,412 --> 00:21:31,206
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hhas no hand
grenades to practice with.
272
00:21:31,248 --> 00:21:35,377
{\an7}Instead, they throw eggs.
273
00:21:35,419 --> 00:21:39,506
{\an7}Also on December 6th, newspaper
ads call on congressmen
274
00:21:39,548 --> 00:21:44,303
{\an7}\h\h\hto keep America out of
the war across the Atlantic.
275
00:21:44,345 --> 00:21:49,141
{\an7}\h\hIt’s the other ocean
that’s about to explode.
276
00:21:49,183 --> 00:21:53,312
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hPearl Harbor goes to
sleep, innocent and unscathed,
277
00:21:53,354 --> 00:21:57,316
{\an7}for the last time.
278
00:22:01,237 --> 00:22:04,031
{\an7}\h\h\hThe next morning,
one colonel is up early,
279
00:22:04,073 --> 00:22:08,077
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hand assumes he’s
watching a military exercise.
280
00:22:08,994 --> 00:22:11,121
{\an7}\hCOL FARTHING: Very
realistic maneuvers.
281
00:22:11,163 --> 00:22:12,748
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hI wonder what the
Marines are doing to the Navy
282
00:22:12,790 --> 00:22:16,627
{\an7}so early on Sunday.
283
00:22:16,669 --> 00:22:20,673
{\an7}♪ ♪
284
00:22:22,550 --> 00:22:25,386
{\an7}[explosions]
285
00:22:25,427 --> 00:22:27,638
{\an7}NARRATOR: This is considered
\h\h\hthe only color footage
286
00:22:27,680 --> 00:22:34,103
{\an7}of the attack on Pearl Harbor,
shot by sailor Clyde Daughtry.
287
00:22:34,520 --> 00:22:40,359
{\an7}The film is badly damaged,
\hbut the chaos is clear.
288
00:22:41,527 --> 00:22:44,697
{\an7}William Lockey is just one
week out of basic training,
289
00:22:44,738 --> 00:22:48,116
{\an7}aboard the USS New Orleans.
290
00:22:48,158 --> 00:22:50,869
{\an7}\h\h\h\hSN LOCKEY: I said,
let’s get the guns loaded!
291
00:22:50,911 --> 00:22:53,539
{\an7}They said, we got no ammunition.
292
00:22:53,581 --> 00:22:57,293
{\an7}\h\h\hWho’s got the
key? We don’t know!
293
00:22:57,334 --> 00:22:58,794
{\an7}NARRATOR: Surprised sailors fire
294
00:22:58,836 --> 00:23:04,633
{\an7}their anti-aircraft guns wildly,
295
00:23:04,675 --> 00:23:09,221
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hkilling some
civilians up in the hills.
296
00:23:09,263 --> 00:23:13,559
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hRadio stations begin
shouting that it’s not a drill.
297
00:23:13,601 --> 00:23:16,312
{\an7}ARCHIVE: The city of Honolulu
\h\hhas also been attacked...
298
00:23:16,353 --> 00:23:21,441
{\an7}It is no joke. It is a real war.
299
00:23:21,483 --> 00:23:25,445
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hUSS
is listing badly.
300
00:23:25,487 --> 00:23:26,905
{\an7}One sailor on deck
301
00:23:26,947 --> 00:23:31,869
{\an7}\h\his shot through the face
by a strafing Japanese plane.
302
00:23:31,911 --> 00:23:35,998
{\an7}\hOther crews are
faring far worse.
303
00:23:36,040 --> 00:23:39,502
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hUSS Shaw
bursts into a fireball.
304
00:23:39,543 --> 00:23:42,379
{\an7}[explosion]
305
00:23:48,302 --> 00:23:50,513
{\an7}\h\h\h\hSN LOCKEY: The boys
were out there in the water
306
00:23:50,554 --> 00:23:53,640
{\an7}in all that oil.
307
00:23:53,682 --> 00:23:56,018
{\an7}\hThey’d come up, knock
the oil out of their way
308
00:23:56,060 --> 00:23:59,355
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hand catch a
breath, then go back down.
309
00:23:59,772 --> 00:24:02,066
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: In one
hour and fifteen minutes,
310
00:24:02,107 --> 00:24:09,114
{\an7}Japan damages or sinks nineteen
ships, and kills 2,400.
311
00:24:10,199 --> 00:24:14,954
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThe news ripples
outward like a shock wave.
312
00:24:17,164 --> 00:24:19,541
{\an7}\h\h\hA Pam Am Clipper
full of tourists is out
313
00:24:19,583 --> 00:24:24,088
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hover the Pacific --
which is suddenly a war zone.
314
00:24:24,129 --> 00:24:26,298
{\an7}They turn off their lights...
315
00:24:26,340 --> 00:24:27,967
{\an7}blacken their windows...
316
00:24:28,008 --> 00:24:30,636
{\an7}and change course.
317
00:24:30,678 --> 00:24:34,849
{\an7}\h\hAll over the country,
military phones light up.
318
00:24:34,890 --> 00:24:38,394
{\an7}\hJack Lent is on
duty in San Diego.
319
00:24:38,435 --> 00:24:39,853
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hSSG LENT: Some
colonel was on the phone.
320
00:24:39,895 --> 00:24:41,980
{\an7}\h\h\hHe said, "You get
your commanding officer
321
00:24:42,022 --> 00:24:45,067
{\an7}\h\h\hand tell him that Pearl
Harbor has just been bombed."
322
00:24:45,109 --> 00:24:50,698
{\an7}\hI said, "Yes, sir!
What’s Pearl Harbor?"
323
00:24:51,991 --> 00:24:55,119
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: Behind
closed doors on a Sunday,
324
00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:59,414
{\an7}President Roosevelt is composing
a short speech in his head.
325
00:24:59,456 --> 00:25:03,293
{\an7}He resists advice
to give it today.
326
00:25:03,335 --> 00:25:07,214
{\an7}Instead, Eleanor Roosevelt
\hsteps up to a microphone
327
00:25:07,256 --> 00:25:11,177
{\an7}\h\h\h\hand gives the first
official American response.
328
00:25:11,218 --> 00:25:13,512
{\an7}ELEANOR ROOSEVELT: You
cannot escape anxiety,
329
00:25:13,554 --> 00:25:17,016
{\an7}\h\h\h\hyou cannot escape the
clutch of fear at your heart.
330
00:25:17,057 --> 00:25:18,892
{\an7}\h\hAnd yet I hope
that the certainty
331
00:25:18,934 --> 00:25:20,727
{\an7}of what we have to meet
332
00:25:20,769 --> 00:25:25,857
{\an7}will make you rise
above these fears.
333
00:25:25,899 --> 00:25:28,652
{\an7}NARRATOR: Many Americans do not.
334
00:25:28,694 --> 00:25:31,238
{\an7}The FBI switchboard
lights up with calls
335
00:25:31,280 --> 00:25:36,035
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hreporting suspicious
behavior of Japanese Americans.
336
00:25:36,076 --> 00:25:39,246
{\an7}\h\h\h\hIn New York City,
Japanese restaurant owners
337
00:25:39,288 --> 00:25:42,833
{\an7}\h\htell their patrons
to finish their meals.
338
00:25:42,875 --> 00:25:44,710
{\an7}Then they shutter their doors
339
00:25:44,752 --> 00:25:50,549
{\an7}\h\h\hand drive each other
home in convoys for safety.
340
00:25:51,050 --> 00:25:53,970
{\an7}\h\h\hIn San Francisco,
people report everything
341
00:25:54,011 --> 00:25:57,223
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hfrom strange
airplanes in the sky...
342
00:25:57,264 --> 00:26:00,517
{\an7}to shady men on the streetcars.
343
00:26:00,559 --> 00:26:05,564
{\an7}\h\hSirens wail for
no apparent reason.
344
00:26:06,106 --> 00:26:10,402
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIn Seattle, 2,000
people descend upon downtown
345
00:26:10,444 --> 00:26:12,905
{\an7}to enforce a blackout.
346
00:26:12,946 --> 00:26:16,825
{\an7}It devolves into looting.
347
00:26:16,867 --> 00:26:19,787
{\an7}In Hawaii, radio
stations declare
348
00:26:19,828 --> 00:26:24,207
{\an7}\h\h\hthe islands are
now under martial law.
349
00:26:24,249 --> 00:26:27,377
{\an7}Then they order a
complete blackout.
350
00:26:27,419 --> 00:26:28,879
{\an7}\h\hRADIO ANNOUNCER:
Turn out your lights.
351
00:26:28,921 --> 00:26:31,048
{\an7}This means the whole territory.
352
00:26:31,090 --> 00:26:33,551
{\an7}\hTurn out your lights
and do not turn them on
353
00:26:33,592 --> 00:26:37,930
{\an7}for any purpose whatsoever.
354
00:26:38,347 --> 00:26:42,268
{\an7}[radio chatter in Japanese]
355
00:26:42,309 --> 00:26:47,940
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: America is on its
heels, and Japan isn’t finished.
356
00:26:47,981 --> 00:26:53,028
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThe next 48
hours shock the world.
357
00:26:55,864 --> 00:27:00,869
{\an7}\h\h\h\hJust hours after
attacking Pearl Harbor...
358
00:27:00,911 --> 00:27:03,205
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hthe Japanese
launch a surprise assault
359
00:27:03,247 --> 00:27:07,501
{\an7}\h\hon the American
base on Wake Island.
360
00:27:10,462 --> 00:27:12,297
{\an7}Fearing a land invasion,
361
00:27:12,339 --> 00:27:18,095
{\an7}a Pan Am Clipper captain jams
70 civilians onto his plane.
362
00:27:18,137 --> 00:27:22,266
{\an7}\h\hWay overweight, the plane
finally gets off the water --
363
00:27:22,307 --> 00:27:25,560
{\an7}on the third try.
364
00:27:26,520 --> 00:27:30,524
{\an7}\h\h\hThen Japan bombs the
U.S. military base on Guam
365
00:27:30,566 --> 00:27:35,029
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hthat the Falks
filmed a few years earlier.
366
00:27:35,070 --> 00:27:37,823
{\an7}\h\h\h\hIn three days,
they capture the island
367
00:27:37,865 --> 00:27:42,661
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hand take 20,000
American nationals prisoner.
368
00:27:43,620 --> 00:27:47,874
{\an7}Also on December 7th, Japan
invades the Gilbert Islands,
369
00:27:47,916 --> 00:27:50,210
{\an7}a British colony.
370
00:27:50,252 --> 00:27:54,006
{\an7}They also fall in three days.
371
00:27:54,590 --> 00:27:58,803
{\an7}\h\h\hJapanese forces on the
way back from Pearl Harbor...
372
00:27:58,844 --> 00:28:00,763
{\an7}shell Midway Island.
373
00:28:00,804 --> 00:28:04,850
{\an7}[explosions]
374
00:28:04,892 --> 00:28:08,270
{\an7}\h\hRepelling fire
drives them off...
375
00:28:08,312 --> 00:28:11,690
{\an7}\h\h\h\hbut not before the
American base takes a hit.
376
00:28:11,732 --> 00:28:16,528
{\an7}[explosions]
377
00:28:16,570 --> 00:28:20,407
{\an7}Japan is thrusting a sword deep
into the Central Pacific --
378
00:28:20,449 --> 00:28:24,578
{\an7}\h\ha violent blitz that
takes the ocean by storm.
379
00:28:24,620 --> 00:28:26,163
{\an7}♪ ♪
380
00:28:26,205 --> 00:28:32,044
{\an7}\hAt the same time, Japan’s own
film captures a surge into Asia.
381
00:28:32,085 --> 00:28:36,423
{\an7}[sounds of warfare]
382
00:28:36,465 --> 00:28:41,553
{\an7}\h\h\hThey begin bombing the
Philippines on December 8th.
383
00:28:41,845 --> 00:28:45,599
{\an7}\h\h\h\hOn the same day
they invade Thailand...
384
00:28:45,641 --> 00:28:49,728
{\an7}and soon roll into Bangkok.
385
00:28:49,770 --> 00:28:55,192
{\an7}They attack the British colonies
of Hong Kong and Singapore.
386
00:28:55,234 --> 00:28:57,778
{\an7}\h\h\hAnd they storm
the rest of Shanghai,
387
00:28:57,819 --> 00:29:02,824
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hoverrunning the
British and American enclave.
388
00:29:03,575 --> 00:29:08,205
{\an7}Stuck on a small base in China
is a company of U.S. Marines --
389
00:29:08,247 --> 00:29:12,501
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hnow completely
surrounded by the Japanese.
390
00:29:12,542 --> 00:29:17,172
{\an7}\hSuperiors order them to
surrender without a fight.
391
00:29:17,214 --> 00:29:20,634
{\an7}\hSergeant Robert Smith
marches into captivity,
392
00:29:20,676 --> 00:29:24,221
{\an7}\h\h\has the victors
switch out the flag.
393
00:29:24,263 --> 00:29:31,520
{\an7}SGT SMITH: Look what’s up there
now. A flaming red asshole.
394
00:29:31,561 --> 00:29:32,937
{\an7}♪ ♪
395
00:29:32,980 --> 00:29:35,399
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: Before
the world can react,
396
00:29:35,440 --> 00:29:39,569
{\an7}\h\h\hJapan cleaves its
way into Southeast Asia.
397
00:29:39,611 --> 00:29:45,617
{\an7}\h\hThey light the fuse of
war all around the Pacific.
398
00:29:48,453 --> 00:29:53,208
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIn Japan, many
citizens are flush with pride.
399
00:29:53,250 --> 00:29:57,171
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hBut there’s an
undercurrent of anxiety.
400
00:29:57,212 --> 00:29:59,965
{\an7}NOGI: We were assured we
would not have to worry.
401
00:30:00,007 --> 00:30:02,051
{\an7}America was a democratic nation,
402
00:30:02,092 --> 00:30:05,137
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hand so would
disintegrate and collapse.
403
00:30:05,178 --> 00:30:07,722
{\an7}\h\hThey can’t unite
for a common purpose.
404
00:30:07,764 --> 00:30:13,061
{\an7}\h\hOne blow against them,
and they’ll fall to pieces.
405
00:30:15,731 --> 00:30:19,944
{\an7}NARRATOR: Back in Washington,
Roosevelt addresses Congress.
406
00:30:19,985 --> 00:30:23,697
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hPRES ROOSEVELT:
Yesterday, December 7th...
407
00:30:23,739 --> 00:30:27,534
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: First, he makes
a few last-minute revisions.
408
00:30:27,576 --> 00:30:33,207
{\an7}PRES ROOSEVELT: ... a date
which will live in infamy.
409
00:30:33,248 --> 00:30:34,791
{\an7}♪ ♪
410
00:30:34,833 --> 00:30:40,839
{\an7}NARRATOR: For years, the nation
felt stuck. Now it feels stung.
411
00:30:40,881 --> 00:30:43,550
{\an7}\h\hPRES ROOSEVELT: There
is no blinking at the fact
412
00:30:43,592 --> 00:30:49,181
{\an7}\h\h\h\hthat our people, our
territory, and our interests
413
00:30:49,222 --> 00:30:52,183
{\an7}are in grave danger.
414
00:30:52,225 --> 00:30:55,103
{\an7}NARRATOR: America is at war.
415
00:30:55,145 --> 00:31:00,609
{\an7}\hMost didn’t want it. But
most will have to join it.
416
00:31:00,650 --> 00:31:07,240
{\an7}\h\h\hEither in support at
home, or in uniform beyond.
417
00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:16,083
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h2LT SIMMONS:
There were college men
418
00:31:16,124 --> 00:31:19,294
{\an7}\h\h\h\hwho joined the
service that very day.
419
00:31:19,336 --> 00:31:21,421
{\an7}\h\h\hThey left letters with
the manager of the dormitory
420
00:31:21,463 --> 00:31:23,632
{\an7}and they took off.
421
00:31:23,673 --> 00:31:25,508
{\an7}The feeling of the moment was,
422
00:31:25,550 --> 00:31:30,889
{\an7}I would like to fly a plane and
drop a bomb on the bastards.
423
00:31:34,518 --> 00:31:36,937
{\an7}ST BRUNTON: That trip to West
Virginia to have my physical
424
00:31:36,978 --> 00:31:41,816
{\an7}\h\h\hwas the first time I was
ever out of the state of Ohio.
425
00:31:43,193 --> 00:31:45,487
{\an7}\h\h\hPVT LIBERTY: Roughest
ride I ever had in my life.
426
00:31:45,529 --> 00:31:49,658
{\an7}\h\h\h\hLike traveling on a
gravel road for 2,000 miles.
427
00:31:49,699 --> 00:31:52,952
{\an7}I swear they had square wheels.
428
00:31:54,579 --> 00:31:58,208
{\an7}ENS AITKEN: My examination
took probably 30 seconds.
429
00:31:58,250 --> 00:32:02,796
{\an7}\h\h\h\hDrop my pants;
check forward and aft;
430
00:32:02,838 --> 00:32:08,761
{\an7}check and see if I’m breathing;
son, you’re ready to go.
431
00:32:10,053 --> 00:32:13,348
{\an7}CPL MOORE: I didn’t pass because
the guy handed me a book
432
00:32:13,390 --> 00:32:17,477
{\an7}\h\h\h\hand said "Read the
numbers." I only saw dots.
433
00:32:17,519 --> 00:32:21,064
{\an7}\hHe said, "I can’t take
you. You’re colorblind."
434
00:32:21,106 --> 00:32:23,900
{\an7}\hI said, "What am
I supposed to see?"
435
00:32:23,942 --> 00:32:27,737
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hHe said, "A
three, five, and nine."
436
00:32:27,779 --> 00:32:33,034
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hSo I hitchhiked to
Indianapolis... got in line...
437
00:32:33,076 --> 00:32:35,620
{\an7}\h\hThey gave me the
same book and I said,
438
00:32:35,662 --> 00:32:38,748
{\an7}"I see a three, five, and nine."
439
00:32:38,790 --> 00:32:42,460
{\an7}They said, "You’re in."
440
00:32:45,297 --> 00:32:47,841
{\an7}NARRATOR: Armand Maffucio,
the kid who baked his way
441
00:32:47,883 --> 00:32:51,929
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hthrough the
depression, joins the Navy.
442
00:32:51,970 --> 00:32:54,806
{\an7}They don’t waste his talent.
443
00:32:55,265 --> 00:32:57,517
{\an7}\h\h\hARMAND: All we made was
the bread, rolls, and desserts
444
00:32:57,559 --> 00:33:05,692
{\an7}for the crew. Of course,
there were 2,000 sailors.
445
00:33:05,734 --> 00:33:08,028
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: Michael
Kuryla, who admired Navy ships
446
00:33:08,069 --> 00:33:11,656
{\an7}\h\hin the newsreels,
also takes the plunge.
447
00:33:12,240 --> 00:33:14,826
{\an7}\h\hPO3 KURYLA: They gave us
our uniforms and everything.
448
00:33:14,868 --> 00:33:16,286
{\an7}They gave us our caps.
449
00:33:16,328 --> 00:33:18,038
{\an7}Then they’d give
us our haircuts,
450
00:33:18,079 --> 00:33:20,248
{\an7}and the caps didn’t fit anymore.
451
00:33:20,290 --> 00:33:23,418
{\an7}Our ears were holding them up.
452
00:33:23,835 --> 00:33:27,213
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: First
stop -- the pool.
453
00:33:27,255 --> 00:33:29,716
{\an7}They practice treading water --
454
00:33:29,758 --> 00:33:33,845
{\an7}while someone tries
to hold them under.
455
00:33:35,013 --> 00:33:39,851
{\an7}But deeper water awaits
-- in an unlikely place.
456
00:33:39,893 --> 00:33:41,269
{\an7}♪ ♪
457
00:33:41,311 --> 00:33:43,605
{\an7}\h\h\hThese are cadets in
Northwestern University’s
458
00:33:43,647 --> 00:33:48,819
{\an7}Naval Reserve Midshipmen’s
\h\h\hSchool near Chicago.
459
00:33:48,860 --> 00:33:51,237
{\an7}They are called "90-day wonders"
460
00:33:51,279 --> 00:33:56,284
{\an7}\hbecause that’s how fast
the program is in wartime.
461
00:33:56,785 --> 00:34:00,122
{\an7}\h\h\hLake Michigan isn’t
exactly the Pacific Ocean,
462
00:34:00,163 --> 00:34:03,375
{\an7}but it’ll have to do.
463
00:34:06,044 --> 00:34:09,256
{\an7}They study navigation.
464
00:34:09,297 --> 00:34:14,135
{\an7}\h\hAnd the fine art
of swabbing the deck.
465
00:34:14,177 --> 00:34:18,181
{\an7}They are literally
learning the ropes.
466
00:34:19,474 --> 00:34:24,145
{\an7}\h\h\hFinally, they practice
the choreography of gun work.
467
00:34:27,315 --> 00:34:31,903
{\an7}\h\h\hNow, they have time to
break it down, step by step.
468
00:34:31,945 --> 00:34:36,199
{\an7}Soon, they won’t.
469
00:34:36,741 --> 00:34:40,370
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hST BRUNTON: They
peeled off and dove on us.
470
00:34:42,122 --> 00:34:45,292
{\an7}They got close...
471
00:34:49,671 --> 00:34:51,339
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: The Army
picks a training spot
472
00:34:51,381 --> 00:34:54,676
{\an7}\hthat could at least
pass for the Pacific.
473
00:34:54,718 --> 00:34:57,304
{\an7}The Florida swamp.
474
00:34:57,345 --> 00:35:00,557
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThis is Wakulla
Springs near Tallahassee,
475
00:35:00,599 --> 00:35:02,935
{\an7}\hwhere Hollywood filmed
some of the jungle scenes
476
00:35:02,976 --> 00:35:06,313
{\an7}in Tarzan movies.
477
00:35:06,354 --> 00:35:08,982
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNow the Army is
filming its own recruits
478
00:35:09,024 --> 00:35:10,859
{\an7}trying to master an environment
479
00:35:10,900 --> 00:35:16,114
{\an7}\h\h\h\hmore common in New
Guinea than North America.
480
00:35:16,156 --> 00:35:21,453
{\an7}The horrors of Pearl Harbor
inform a few of the drills.
481
00:35:21,494 --> 00:35:24,998
{\an7}Smoke-screen maneuvers.
482
00:35:25,290 --> 00:35:28,668
{\an7}Swimming around an oil fire.
483
00:35:31,004 --> 00:35:35,175
{\an7}\h\hThis is not the Army
Thomas Baye had in mind.
484
00:35:35,216 --> 00:35:36,592
{\an7}\h\hPVT BAYE: I chose
the Army over the Navy
485
00:35:36,635 --> 00:35:40,013
{\an7}because I’m scared of the water.
486
00:35:40,055 --> 00:35:43,517
{\an7}I didn’t know how to swim.
487
00:35:43,558 --> 00:35:45,727
{\an7}♪ ♪
488
00:35:45,769 --> 00:35:48,146
{\an7}NARRATOR: No one quite knows
what fighting across an ocean
489
00:35:48,188 --> 00:35:51,024
{\an7}will look like.
490
00:35:52,817 --> 00:35:57,280
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThey ford a river by
making a hand bridge of rifles.
491
00:35:58,239 --> 00:36:02,744
{\an7}\h\hThey use their tents and
poles to make a supply raft.
492
00:36:04,412 --> 00:36:06,915
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThey practice
hiding from the enemy --
493
00:36:06,956 --> 00:36:10,001
{\an7}with synchronized ducking.
494
00:36:17,258 --> 00:36:20,011
{\an7}\hAnd, predictably,
they blow stuff up.
495
00:36:20,053 --> 00:36:24,599
{\an7}[explosions]
496
00:36:24,641 --> 00:36:27,144
{\an7}Underwater demolition teams
497
00:36:27,185 --> 00:36:32,649
{\an7}\htry to smooth the way
for a new kind of boat.
498
00:36:34,359 --> 00:36:37,529
{\an7}\h\hThis is an early
amphibious vehicle --
499
00:36:37,570 --> 00:36:41,240
{\an7}a duck made by General Motors.
500
00:36:41,658 --> 00:36:44,369
{\an7}Driving through the
water is a novelty.
501
00:36:44,411 --> 00:36:47,789
{\an7}Soon it will be a necessity.
502
00:36:50,542 --> 00:36:54,254
{\an7}SGT PERRY: We walked
into a hornets’ nest.
503
00:36:54,629 --> 00:36:56,548
{\an7}\hI was thinking,
"How in the world
504
00:36:56,589 --> 00:37:00,009
{\an7}\h\h\h\hdid I ever get
sucked into this mess?"
505
00:37:02,470 --> 00:37:03,513
{\an7}\h\h\hPVT DURHAM: The
Navy recruiting office
506
00:37:03,555 --> 00:37:05,849
{\an7}\h\h\h\hwas jammed up
with 70 new recruits.
507
00:37:05,890 --> 00:37:07,850
{\an7}So I went around the corner
508
00:37:07,892 --> 00:37:10,728
{\an7}\h\hand the Marine Corps
had a little shingle out,
509
00:37:10,770 --> 00:37:14,148
{\an7}and I was it. There was no line.
510
00:37:15,066 --> 00:37:16,359
{\an7}\h\h\hPVT ROUSH: The
first thing we heard
511
00:37:16,401 --> 00:37:17,861
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hwhen the bus came
through the gate that morning
512
00:37:17,902 --> 00:37:21,614
{\an7}was, "You’ll be sorry."
513
00:37:22,198 --> 00:37:23,449
{\an7}NARRATOR: Before the war,
514
00:37:23,491 --> 00:37:26,285
{\an7}\h\hthe Marine Corps was
struggling for relevance.
515
00:37:26,327 --> 00:37:29,997
{\an7}Some thought the Army
should just absorb it.
516
00:37:30,039 --> 00:37:33,543
{\an7}\hIt was a service
without a purpose,
517
00:37:33,585 --> 00:37:38,256
{\an7}\hderided as the foster
home for Navy flunkies.
518
00:37:39,507 --> 00:37:42,844
{\an7}\h\hPVT DURHAM: The first
three weeks were terrible.
519
00:37:44,637 --> 00:37:46,931
{\an7}\h\h\h\hThey insisted on
teaching us how to walk,
520
00:37:46,973 --> 00:37:50,852
{\an7}and I felt we already knew.
521
00:37:51,394 --> 00:37:54,063
{\an7}\hNARRATOR: The Marine Corps
wants to shed its reputation
522
00:37:54,105 --> 00:37:57,609
{\an7}as a military afterthought.
523
00:37:57,650 --> 00:38:01,988
{\an7}Instead of the weakest, they
want to become the toughest.
524
00:38:03,364 --> 00:38:05,491
{\an7}\h\hPVT PASE: Every Marine,
before he was anything else,
525
00:38:05,533 --> 00:38:08,786
{\an7}was a rifleman.
526
00:38:08,828 --> 00:38:11,539
{\an7}\h\hIf you’re a tank
driver, pilot, cook,
527
00:38:11,581 --> 00:38:14,167
{\an7}we don’t care what else you are.
528
00:38:14,209 --> 00:38:18,380
{\an7}First of all, you’re a rifleman.
529
00:38:18,421 --> 00:38:20,173
{\an7}[gunfire]
530
00:38:20,215 --> 00:38:21,341
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: They’ll
be using their rifles
531
00:38:21,382 --> 00:38:23,926
{\an7}as part of a new tactic.
532
00:38:23,968 --> 00:38:25,052
{\an7}♪ ♪
533
00:38:25,094 --> 00:38:27,930
{\an7}The amphibious assault.
534
00:38:28,515 --> 00:38:32,227
{\an7}\hThe Marine Corps adopted this
doctrine only six years earlier,
535
00:38:32,268 --> 00:38:33,728
{\an7}with a publication called
536
00:38:33,770 --> 00:38:38,108
{\an7}\h\h\h"Tentative Manual
for Landing Operations."
537
00:38:38,149 --> 00:38:41,819
{\an7}They can’t afford to
be tentative anymore.
538
00:38:41,861 --> 00:38:47,658
{\an7}\h\hThe doctrine was in search
of a war, and now it’s here --
539
00:38:47,700 --> 00:38:52,830
{\an7}just as they’re cracking
the book on how to do it.
540
00:38:52,872 --> 00:38:56,626
{\an7}As they rehearse storming
a beach in North Carolina,
541
00:38:56,668 --> 00:38:59,629
{\an7}it looks clunky.
542
00:39:02,257 --> 00:39:04,259
{\an7}This ramp door jams,
543
00:39:04,300 --> 00:39:08,596
{\an7}\h\hand Marines have to
pile out over the sides.
544
00:39:08,638 --> 00:39:13,226
{\an7}Some experts consider the
whole idea complete folly.
545
00:39:13,518 --> 00:39:14,853
{\an7}\h\hPVT PASE: We had
no idea in the world
546
00:39:14,894 --> 00:39:18,231
{\an7}\h\h\hhow we were going to
use this type of training.
547
00:39:20,108 --> 00:39:23,153
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: In 1940,
there are fewer than 30,000
548
00:39:23,194 --> 00:39:25,071
{\an7}active duty Marines.
549
00:39:25,113 --> 00:39:26,740
{\an7}Total.
550
00:39:26,781 --> 00:39:29,534
{\an7}In just three years,
that’ll be the number
551
00:39:29,576 --> 00:39:33,288
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hinvading a
single Pacific island.
552
00:39:33,329 --> 00:39:36,833
{\an7}None of these guys can
really see that coming.
553
00:39:36,875 --> 00:39:38,085
{\an7}\hPO3 LEBOW: We just
thought the Japanese
554
00:39:38,126 --> 00:39:42,589
{\an7}\h\h\h\hcouldn’t possibly
carry on a very long war.
555
00:39:42,630 --> 00:39:46,008
{\an7}\h\hWe thought it would be
over in a matter of weeks.
556
00:39:49,178 --> 00:39:53,849
{\an7}CPL KETCHAM: The Japs whipped
\h\hus for three solid weeks.
557
00:39:53,892 --> 00:39:57,771
{\an7}We couldn’t move more
than two yards a day.
558
00:39:57,812 --> 00:40:01,065
{\an7}It was just hell day and night.
559
00:40:01,107 --> 00:40:05,153
{\an7}[sounds of warfare]
560
00:40:05,194 --> 00:40:07,863
{\an7}\h\h\hARCHIVE: This is
your ship. Look at her.
561
00:40:07,906 --> 00:40:11,451
{\an7}\h\hShe’s a symbol of our
American industrial skill.
562
00:40:11,492 --> 00:40:14,662
{\an7}NARRATOR: That skill
is now under the gun.
563
00:40:14,704 --> 00:40:21,294
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hThe Navy needs
thousands more ships. Fast.
564
00:40:21,336 --> 00:40:26,633
{\an7}\h\h\hIn Portland, Oregon,
shipyards grow like weeds.
565
00:40:26,674 --> 00:40:30,803
{\an7}\h\h\hIndustrialist Henry
Kaiser owns three of them.
566
00:40:30,845 --> 00:40:36,100
{\an7}This is Kaiser’s own film
of his Portland operation.
567
00:40:36,142 --> 00:40:40,855
{\an7}He builds mostly Liberty ships
-- cargo and transport vessels
568
00:40:40,897 --> 00:40:45,193
{\an7}\h\hthat will carry the
war across the Pacific.
569
00:40:45,234 --> 00:40:47,945
{\an7}\h\h\hWorkers come from
all over the country --
570
00:40:47,987 --> 00:40:53,242
{\an7}men, women, and entire families.
571
00:40:53,284 --> 00:40:55,244
{\an7}\h\h\h\hKaiser builds a
town near Portland just
572
00:40:55,286 --> 00:41:01,626
{\an7}to house them all -- Vanport
\h\hCity, population 42,000.
573
00:41:01,668 --> 00:41:04,588
{\an7}Many just call it "Kaiserville."
574
00:41:04,629 --> 00:41:06,131
{\an7}♪ ♪
575
00:41:06,172 --> 00:41:08,549
{\an7}By the end of 1941, nearly half
576
00:41:08,591 --> 00:41:11,344
{\an7}of America’s heavy
industry workforce
577
00:41:11,386 --> 00:41:14,973
{\an7}is working on defense contracts.
578
00:41:15,014 --> 00:41:18,768
{\an7}Bullets in Indiana.
579
00:41:18,810 --> 00:41:22,856
{\an7}Rivets in Kansas City.
580
00:41:22,897 --> 00:41:26,984
{\an7}Parachutes in Utah.
581
00:41:28,695 --> 00:41:33,491
{\an7}But not all war weapons
are built from scratch.
582
00:41:33,533 --> 00:41:36,077
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hARCHIVE: War had
exploded over the entire world.
583
00:41:36,119 --> 00:41:39,539
{\an7}\h\h\h\hEvery Pan American
route was now a war route.
584
00:41:39,580 --> 00:41:41,123
{\an7}NARRATOR: The Pan Am Clipper,
585
00:41:41,165 --> 00:41:44,877
{\an7}the same airplane that brought
the Falks to Asia in peacetime,
586
00:41:44,919 --> 00:41:48,297
{\an7}becomes a wartime workhorse.
587
00:41:48,339 --> 00:41:49,841
{\an7}They’re still the only planes
588
00:41:49,882 --> 00:41:53,177
{\an7}that can carry a big
load across an ocean.
589
00:41:53,219 --> 00:41:54,303
{\an7}So the company becomes
590
00:41:54,345 --> 00:41:59,559
{\an7}a de-facto wing of
the U.S military --
591
00:41:59,600 --> 00:42:03,521
{\an7}\h\hand all crews get
new uniforms to match.
592
00:42:03,563 --> 00:42:05,523
{\an7}\h\h\h\hED: As soon as I was
outfitted in these uniforms,
593
00:42:05,565 --> 00:42:09,069
{\an7}\h\hthey took my picture
for my personnel folder.
594
00:42:09,110 --> 00:42:13,072
{\an7}We called them our
"obituary photos."
595
00:42:13,114 --> 00:42:15,908
{\an7}You can guess why.
596
00:42:15,950 --> 00:42:17,743
{\an7}NARRATOR: As Clippers
get baptized into war
597
00:42:17,785 --> 00:42:20,621
{\an7}with a new camouflage paint job,
598
00:42:20,663 --> 00:42:25,418
{\an7}\hthe world awaits
Japan’s next move.
599
00:42:27,378 --> 00:42:31,424
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIt’s eyeing up more
islands to expand its empire.
600
00:42:31,466 --> 00:42:35,387
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hJava and Timor have
important resources to harvest.
601
00:42:35,428 --> 00:42:41,059
{\an7}Standing in the way is the small
air and naval base in Darwin.
602
00:42:41,768 --> 00:42:43,603
{\an7}On a sunny Thursday morning,
603
00:42:43,644 --> 00:42:46,772
{\an7}Japan slashes into
Northern Australia.
604
00:42:46,814 --> 00:42:48,566
{\an7}[explosions]
605
00:42:48,608 --> 00:42:51,903
{\an7}\hBy the time sailor Monty
Tuckerman grabs his camera,
606
00:42:51,944 --> 00:42:55,531
{\an7}the Japanese planes are gone.
607
00:42:56,532 --> 00:42:59,577
{\an7}It’s the only color footage
\hof the raid on Darwin --
608
00:42:59,619 --> 00:43:04,290
{\an7}\ha surprise attack considered
to be Australia’s Pearl Harbor.
609
00:43:04,832 --> 00:43:06,000
{\an7}LT GRIFFITHS: With one big crash
610
00:43:06,042 --> 00:43:08,878
{\an7}they dropped their entire loads.
611
00:43:08,920 --> 00:43:12,507
{\an7}With a noise like the
roll of heavy thunder,
612
00:43:12,548 --> 00:43:16,761
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hred and yellow
flame shot into the air.
613
00:43:18,346 --> 00:43:20,890
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: Eleven ships
belch out their last breath
614
00:43:20,932 --> 00:43:26,604
{\an7}of acrid smoke before
disappearing undersea.
615
00:43:27,355 --> 00:43:30,650
{\an7}The Japanese don’t
stop at the harbor.
616
00:43:30,691 --> 00:43:33,235
{\an7}They bomb buildings in town.
617
00:43:33,277 --> 00:43:37,740
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hPeople run for the
hills, fearing a land invasion.
618
00:43:37,782 --> 00:43:42,912
{\an7}\h\h\hThe attack kills 235
and injures hundreds more.
619
00:43:42,954 --> 00:43:47,584
{\an7}All in a town of only 2,000.
620
00:43:47,625 --> 00:43:51,629
{\an7}\h\hClouds of war now rise
over a nervous Australia --
621
00:43:51,671 --> 00:43:53,256
{\an7}a nation right in the shadows
622
00:43:53,297 --> 00:43:58,093
{\an7}\hof an expanding and
unpredictable empire.
623
00:44:03,432 --> 00:44:07,937
{\an7}Newsreels from the Philippines
show Japanese arriving in waves
624
00:44:07,979 --> 00:44:11,483
{\an7}\h\h-- and Americans
scattering like ants.
625
00:44:11,983 --> 00:44:14,444
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hPVT BROWN: They
handed each one of us a can.
626
00:44:14,485 --> 00:44:16,404
{\an7}I got a can of cherries.
627
00:44:16,445 --> 00:44:18,822
{\an7}And they said, disperse.
628
00:44:18,865 --> 00:44:21,701
{\an7}I mean, we just dispersed.
629
00:44:21,742 --> 00:44:25,704
{\an7}\h\hWe didn’t know what
the hell we were doing.
630
00:44:26,330 --> 00:44:27,456
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNARRATOR:
There’s no color footage
631
00:44:27,498 --> 00:44:30,126
{\an7}of the brutal fight
for the Philippines.
632
00:44:30,168 --> 00:44:32,295
{\an7}\hCornered on the
Bataan peninsula,
633
00:44:32,336 --> 00:44:36,465
{\an7}\h\h\hAmericans have little
food and no reinforcements.
634
00:44:36,507 --> 00:44:40,261
{\an7}\hMacArthur holds
out on Corregidor.
635
00:44:41,679 --> 00:44:46,309
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hJapanese film shows
their overwhelming advantage.
636
00:44:46,893 --> 00:44:50,563
{\an7}\h\h\h\hSoon, they’re
celebrating in Manila.
637
00:44:52,148 --> 00:44:54,901
{\an7}\h\h\h\hMacArthur and his
family escape to Australia
638
00:44:54,942 --> 00:44:58,487
{\an7}as Corregidor falls.
639
00:44:58,529 --> 00:45:00,114
{\an7}Those left in the Philippines
640
00:45:00,156 --> 00:45:03,534
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hare no longer
enjoying a sunny deployment.
641
00:45:03,576 --> 00:45:07,330
{\an7}\h\h\h\hThey’re enduring
their darkest nightmare.
642
00:45:07,371 --> 00:45:12,877
{\an7}\h\hThese very boys are now
dead, starving, or captured.
643
00:45:12,919 --> 00:45:14,254
{\an7}\h\h\hPVT BROWN: That was
something I told my mother
644
00:45:14,295 --> 00:45:16,881
{\an7}that would never happen.
645
00:45:16,923 --> 00:45:20,260
{\an7}I’d be behind the front lines.
646
00:45:20,301 --> 00:45:24,180
{\an7}Wrong. Dead wrong.
647
00:45:24,222 --> 00:45:27,350
{\an7}♪ ♪
648
00:45:27,391 --> 00:45:31,061
{\an7}NARRATOR: Japan has uncoiled a
ferocious multi-pronged attack
649
00:45:31,103 --> 00:45:36,358
{\an7}\hacross land and sea
in several directions.
650
00:45:36,400 --> 00:45:42,948
{\an7}The U.S. is still creating its
wartime organizational chart.
651
00:45:43,282 --> 00:45:45,284
{\an7}\h\h\hRoosevelt puts
the Southwest Pacific
652
00:45:45,326 --> 00:45:47,995
{\an7}into General MacArthur’s hands.
653
00:45:48,037 --> 00:45:50,164
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hHe’s already
glaring at the Philippines
654
00:45:50,206 --> 00:45:52,709
{\an7}with revenge in his eyes.
655
00:45:52,750 --> 00:45:56,003
{\an7}\h\hThe vast open seas
of the Central Pacific
656
00:45:56,045 --> 00:46:00,424
{\an7}\h\hwill be under Navy
Admiral Chester Nimitz.
657
00:46:00,466 --> 00:46:04,720
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hThe two men could
scarcely be more different.
658
00:46:04,762 --> 00:46:09,642
{\an7}Nimitz is a soft-spoken leader
by example who shuns attention.
659
00:46:09,684 --> 00:46:14,856
{\an7}\h\h\hHe loathes PR men who
suggest he show more pizazz.
660
00:46:14,897 --> 00:46:18,401
{\an7}In contrast, MacArthur is a
man of sweeping statements,
661
00:46:18,442 --> 00:46:20,194
{\an7}grand gestures, and a fondness
662
00:46:20,236 --> 00:46:24,615
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hfor any recording
device that can capture them.
663
00:46:24,657 --> 00:46:27,118
{\an7}\h\h\h\hThese top men
from the Army and Navy
664
00:46:27,159 --> 00:46:31,038
{\an7}\hnow have the Pacific
War on their shoulders.
665
00:46:31,080 --> 00:46:33,916
{\an7}Like the football game
between their services,
666
00:46:33,958 --> 00:46:38,754
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hit’ll be part
camaraderie, part competition.
667
00:46:39,046 --> 00:46:43,133
{\an7}\h\h\hBut their boss
calls the first play.
668
00:46:50,016 --> 00:46:52,769
{\an7}\hBack in December,
President Roosevelt
669
00:46:52,810 --> 00:46:57,565
{\an7}\h\h\h\hissued a secret order
after the Pearl Harbor attack:
670
00:46:57,606 --> 00:47:01,902
{\an7}\h\h\h\hFind a way to
strike back at Japan.
671
00:47:01,944 --> 00:47:06,240
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hIt takes four
months to figure out how.
672
00:47:06,282 --> 00:47:09,118
{\an7}The distance is daunting.
673
00:47:10,995 --> 00:47:13,831
{\an7}The technology is lacking.
674
00:47:14,623 --> 00:47:16,500
{\an7}But they pull together a plan
675
00:47:16,542 --> 00:47:23,340
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hthat’s part
bravado, part desperation.
676
00:47:24,592 --> 00:47:30,181
{\an7}Ships cut through a stormy
Pacific in radio silence --
677
00:47:30,222 --> 00:47:35,060
{\an7}\h\hjust as the Japanese
did coming the other way.
678
00:47:36,687 --> 00:47:42,151
{\an7}\h\h\hAmerican carriers
haven’t yet come of age.
679
00:47:42,193 --> 00:47:43,778
{\an7}\h\hThis one’s only
big enough to launch
680
00:47:43,819 --> 00:47:47,656
{\an7}a scout plane with a catapult.
681
00:47:50,034 --> 00:47:53,496
{\an7}\h\h\hTo bomb Japan, they’ll
have to launch a bigger plane
682
00:47:53,537 --> 00:47:58,333
{\an7}off this deck -- a B-25.
683
00:47:58,626 --> 00:48:01,462
{\an7}They’ve never tried it.
684
00:48:02,421 --> 00:48:06,050
{\an7}2LT MACIA: We hadn’t actually
\hflown off a carrier before.
685
00:48:06,092 --> 00:48:09,262
{\an7}I wondered -- could I get
out of that damn airplane
686
00:48:09,303 --> 00:48:13,516
{\an7}\h\h\hif we go off the
end of the flight deck?
687
00:48:13,557 --> 00:48:16,977
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: Bombardier
Herb Macia scrapes the waves
688
00:48:17,019 --> 00:48:21,524
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hand gets
airborne -- by a whisker.
689
00:48:23,818 --> 00:48:30,283
{\an7}There’s no turning back -- the
deck is too short to land on.
690
00:48:32,827 --> 00:48:40,376
{\an7}\h\hSixteen planes are off to
Japan, on a wing and a prayer.
691
00:48:41,752 --> 00:48:46,799
{\an7}It’s called the Doolittle raid,
for the Colonel who leads it.
692
00:48:47,508 --> 00:48:51,178
{\an7}There’s no footage
of the raid itself.
693
00:48:52,012 --> 00:48:57,684
{\an7}Some bombs hit Tokyo,
but damage is minimal.
694
00:48:59,478 --> 00:49:04,441
{\an7}Most planes go on to
crash land in China.
695
00:49:05,443 --> 00:49:11,324
{\an7}\h\hAs payback for Pearl
Harbor, it hardly rates.
696
00:49:11,949 --> 00:49:15,035
{\an7}America doesn’t care.
697
00:49:15,786 --> 00:49:17,329
{\an7}ARCHIVE: Doolittle
and his gallant men
698
00:49:17,371 --> 00:49:20,791
{\an7}\h\hshake the complacency
of the Japanese warlords.
699
00:49:20,833 --> 00:49:22,918
{\an7}♪ ♪
700
00:49:22,960 --> 00:49:24,920
{\an7}\h\h\h\hNARRATOR: It will
take more than a few bombs
701
00:49:24,962 --> 00:49:28,090
{\an7}to win the Pacific War.
702
00:49:28,799 --> 00:49:32,678
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hIt will take
weapons yet to be built.
703
00:49:33,721 --> 00:49:36,307
{\an7}Teamwork yet to be tested.
704
00:49:36,348 --> 00:49:40,102
{\an7}[sounds of warfare]
705
00:49:40,144 --> 00:49:44,398
{\an7}And blood yet to be spilled.
706
00:49:45,274 --> 00:49:50,613
{\an7}For now, the combatants
remain an ocean apart.
707
00:49:54,033 --> 00:49:57,828
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hBut soon, the
Pacific War will move beyond
708
00:49:57,870 --> 00:50:03,042
{\an7}\h\hrushing across the
sea for sneak attacks.
709
00:50:04,126 --> 00:50:08,631
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hInstead, it will
collide with gruesome force,
710
00:50:08,672 --> 00:50:14,011
{\an7}\h\h\hwith young men meeting
face to face to slug it out.
711
00:50:17,473 --> 00:50:22,061
{\an7}\hPVT DURHAM: I was scared to
death, ice water in my veins.
712
00:50:22,102 --> 00:50:28,025
{\an7}The only reason I could move was
because the rest of them were.
713
00:50:28,067 --> 00:50:30,486
{\an7}JAPANESE SOLDIER: I am pleased
\h\h\hto think that I will die
714
00:50:30,528 --> 00:50:33,531
{\an7}in true samurai style.
715
00:50:33,572 --> 00:50:38,577
{\an7}\h\hI feel now like a
full-fledged warrior.
716
00:50:39,119 --> 00:50:43,457
{\an7}\h\hNARRATOR: The stakes
are unblinkingly clear.
717
00:50:44,625 --> 00:50:49,171
{\an7}\hSucceed, and control
a third of the globe.
718
00:50:49,964 --> 00:50:54,510
{\an7}Fail, and crash into the abyss.
85018
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