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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:06,840 --> 00:00:09,441 Narrator: WHY WOULD A GOAT NEVER LEAVE A HORSE'S SIDE... 2 00:00:09,443 --> 00:00:11,377 FOR 16 YEARS? 3 00:00:13,446 --> 00:00:15,948 WHAT WOULD POSSESS A BIG LION 4 00:00:15,950 --> 00:00:17,449 TO BOND WITH A LITTLE COYOTE? 5 00:00:17,451 --> 00:00:19,451 Man: MOTHER NATURE IS TEACHING ME SOMETHING 6 00:00:19,453 --> 00:00:21,453 EVERY TIME I SEE A RELATIONSHIP LIKE THIS. 7 00:00:21,455 --> 00:00:23,455 Narrator: SCENES LIKE THESE 8 00:00:23,457 --> 00:00:26,425 ARE OVERTURNING THE CONVENTIONAL WISDOM -- 9 00:00:26,427 --> 00:00:29,628 THAT ONLY HUMANS FORGE FRIENDSHIPS. 10 00:00:29,630 --> 00:00:31,547 THERE'S A LOT OF PEOPLE THAT DON'T WANT TO ADMIT 11 00:00:31,549 --> 00:00:32,998 THAT ANIMALS HAVE EMOTIONS. 12 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:35,367 Narrator: IS IT COMPASSION OR COMPANIONSHIP 13 00:00:35,369 --> 00:00:38,170 THAT BONDS TWO ANIMALS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES TOGETHER? 14 00:00:38,172 --> 00:00:39,838 Woman: WHEN THEY GREET EACH OTHER, 15 00:00:39,840 --> 00:00:41,440 I'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING LIKE IT. 16 00:00:41,442 --> 00:00:42,908 IT'S NOT A DEER GREETING A DEER, 17 00:00:42,910 --> 00:00:44,309 IT'S NOT A DOG GREETING A DOG. 18 00:00:44,311 --> 00:00:45,477 IT'S DEFINITELY SOMETHING 19 00:00:45,479 --> 00:00:47,446 THAT THEY HAVE BETWEEN THE TWO OF THEM. 20 00:00:47,448 --> 00:00:49,481 Narrator: WHATEVER THE CASE, SOMETHING DEEP 21 00:00:49,483 --> 00:00:54,253 IS BEING EXPRESSED WHEN ANIMALS MAKE UNEXPECTED FRIENDS. 22 00:01:36,270 --> 00:01:37,937 Narrator: AT BUSCH GARDENS IN FLORIDA, 23 00:01:37,939 --> 00:01:40,039 AN UNLIKELY COUPLE 24 00:01:40,041 --> 00:01:43,209 IS ABOUT TO ENTERTAIN THE VISITORS. 25 00:01:43,211 --> 00:01:44,744 [ DOG BARKS ] 26 00:02:31,192 --> 00:02:33,960 IN ZOOS AND SANCTUARIES AROUND THE WORLD, 27 00:02:33,962 --> 00:02:36,596 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DIFFERENT SPECIES 28 00:02:36,598 --> 00:02:40,083 ARE SHEDDING NEW LIGHT ON THE INNER LIVES OF ANIMALS 29 00:02:40,085 --> 00:02:42,602 AND THE POWERFUL BONDS THAT LINK US ALL. 30 00:02:42,604 --> 00:02:45,238 MTANI, THE RETRIEVER, MAY WEIGH LESS 31 00:02:45,240 --> 00:02:47,740 AND NOT BE AS FAST AS THE CHEETAH, 32 00:02:47,742 --> 00:02:50,977 BUT SHE'S THE ONE WHO RULES THIS RELATIONSHIP. 33 00:02:50,979 --> 00:02:53,780 AND KASI, THE NATURAL BORN HUNTER, 34 00:02:53,782 --> 00:02:56,349 IS JUST FINE WITH THAT. 35 00:02:58,619 --> 00:03:00,220 IT'S AN INTERESTING RELATIONSHIP 36 00:03:00,222 --> 00:03:01,654 AND IT'S ONE THAT WE DEVELOP 37 00:03:01,656 --> 00:03:03,723 AND WE HELP THEM DEVELOP AND CULTIVATE. 38 00:03:03,725 --> 00:03:07,327 BUT I DO BELIEVE THAT THEY HAVE GROWN 39 00:03:07,329 --> 00:03:09,462 TO DEPEND ON ONE ANOTHER. 40 00:03:12,132 --> 00:03:15,552 DOGS AND CHEETAHS ARE SO CLOSE, OVERALL, 41 00:03:15,554 --> 00:03:17,020 IN THEIR DISPOSITION, 42 00:03:17,022 --> 00:03:18,504 THE WAY THAT THEY ARE SOCIALLY STRUCTURED, 43 00:03:18,506 --> 00:03:20,206 LENGTH OF LIFE -- 44 00:03:20,208 --> 00:03:22,141 THAT THEY CAN COEXIST 45 00:03:22,143 --> 00:03:24,677 IN A SPACE, EVEN THOUGH THEY'RE AT 46 00:03:24,679 --> 00:03:28,948 DIFFERENT PLACES ON THE LINE OF CARNIVORE. 47 00:03:28,950 --> 00:03:33,853 Narrator: THESE SIMILARITIES LED THE KEEPERS AT BUSCH GARDENS 48 00:03:33,855 --> 00:03:36,072 TO EMBARK ON A PILOT PROJECT ONE YEAR AGO, 49 00:03:36,074 --> 00:03:37,323 PAIRING A YOUNG CHEETAH 50 00:03:37,325 --> 00:03:40,026 AND A PUPPY, TO SEE IF THEY COULD FORM 51 00:03:40,028 --> 00:03:41,794 A SUPPORTIVE RELATIONSHIP. 52 00:03:41,796 --> 00:03:43,079 Smith: IN THE BEGINNING, 53 00:03:43,081 --> 00:03:44,898 WE MADE THE CHOICE TO PUT THEM TOGETHER. 54 00:03:44,900 --> 00:03:46,266 THEY MADE THE CHOICE AS TO 55 00:03:46,268 --> 00:03:48,234 WHETHER OR NOT THAT WAS GOING TO WORK. 56 00:03:52,940 --> 00:03:56,643 THEY WERE ACTUALLY BOTH ORPHANS, IF YOU WILL. 57 00:03:56,645 --> 00:03:59,379 KASI, THE CHEETAH, 58 00:03:59,381 --> 00:04:01,381 WAS BORN AT THE JACKSONVILLE ZOO. 59 00:04:01,383 --> 00:04:03,750 THE OTHER THREE CUBS ACTUALLY PASSED AWAY 60 00:04:03,752 --> 00:04:06,486 AND THE MOTHER CHEETAH WAS NOT ABLE TO RAISE HIM. 61 00:04:06,488 --> 00:04:10,323 AND SO, AT THAT POINT, KASI NEEDED A HOME. 62 00:04:14,228 --> 00:04:16,629 [ DOG BARKING ] 63 00:04:16,631 --> 00:04:21,034 MTANI HERE IS ACTUALLY A RESCUE DOG. 64 00:04:21,036 --> 00:04:23,202 WE COLLECTED HER FROM ONE OF OUR LOCAL RESCUE CENTERS. 65 00:04:23,204 --> 00:04:27,307 RELATIONSHIPS ARE ABOUT PERSONALITIES, AND THEM GELLING, 66 00:04:27,309 --> 00:04:29,909 YOU KNOW, AND IT DOESN'T MATTER 67 00:04:29,911 --> 00:04:32,812 SO MUCH 68 00:04:32,814 --> 00:04:35,148 WHAT THE SPECIES IS. 69 00:04:35,150 --> 00:04:37,584 [ BARKING ] 70 00:04:37,586 --> 00:04:40,386 [ MTANI BARKING, KASI CHIRPING ] 71 00:04:40,388 --> 00:04:43,323 Narrator: CHEETAHS CHIRP AND DOGS BARK... 72 00:04:43,325 --> 00:04:45,658 AND THEY BOTH GROWL. 73 00:04:45,660 --> 00:04:47,894 KASI AND MTANI'S COMFORT 74 00:04:47,896 --> 00:04:49,796 WITH EACH OTHER HAS BEEN SHAPED BY 75 00:04:49,798 --> 00:04:51,764 THEIR SHARED WAYS OF COMMUNICATING, 76 00:04:51,766 --> 00:04:55,602 WHICH GAVE THEM A RUNNING START AT UNDERSTANDING ONE ANOTHER. 77 00:04:55,604 --> 00:05:00,306 [ BARKING ] 78 00:05:00,308 --> 00:05:02,075 Smith: THESE TWO HAVE FIGURED OUT 79 00:05:02,077 --> 00:05:04,577 HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH ONE ANOTHER. 80 00:05:04,579 --> 00:05:06,229 AND I THINK THAT'S THROUGH THE FACT THAT 81 00:05:06,231 --> 00:05:08,731 THEY'RE NOT SO DIFFERENT. 82 00:05:08,733 --> 00:05:13,686 THERE'S A LOT OF SIGNALS THAT ARE GIVEN BY ANY ANIMAL. 83 00:05:13,688 --> 00:05:16,022 AND YOU START TO LOOK AT THOSE THINGS, 84 00:05:16,024 --> 00:05:18,858 WHETHER IT BE THE EARS BACK OR THE TAIL IS TAUT, 85 00:05:18,860 --> 00:05:21,561 OR, YOU KNOW, THE BODY POSITIONING HIGH OR LOW. 86 00:05:21,563 --> 00:05:24,280 BUT YOU ALSO NEED TO LOOK AT THE EYES, YOU KNOW -- 87 00:05:24,282 --> 00:05:26,599 ARE THE EYES KIND OF LAID BACK AND COMFORTABLE, 88 00:05:26,601 --> 00:05:28,701 OR ARE THEY REALLY INTENSE? 89 00:05:28,703 --> 00:05:31,204 YOU CAN TELL A LOT FROM THE LIPS OF A DOG 90 00:05:31,206 --> 00:05:33,706 AND WHETHER THERE'S A LITTLE SNEER GOING ON, 91 00:05:33,708 --> 00:05:35,575 OR IF THEY'RE NICE AND RELAXED. 92 00:05:35,577 --> 00:05:38,344 YOU SEE THOSE KINDS OF THINGS NOT ONLY IN THE DOG, 93 00:05:38,346 --> 00:05:41,347 BUT YOU CAN SEE THEM IN THE CHEETAH, AS WELL. 94 00:05:41,349 --> 00:05:43,316 I THINK THEIR COMMUNICATION IS A FACTOR, 95 00:05:43,318 --> 00:05:45,818 BUT I ALSO THINK THAT THEY'RE LEARNING A NEW LANGUAGE. 96 00:05:45,820 --> 00:05:47,820 THEY'RE NOT LEARNING THE CHEETAH LANGUAGE 97 00:05:47,822 --> 00:05:49,255 OR THE DOG LANGUAGE, 98 00:05:49,257 --> 00:05:51,991 THEY'RE LEARNING KASI-MTANI'S LANGUAGE. 99 00:05:51,993 --> 00:05:54,027 AND THEY'VE HAD TO LEARN THAT 100 00:05:54,029 --> 00:05:59,065 THROUGH BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS AND TRUST. 101 00:05:59,067 --> 00:06:00,733 THE THING THAT SURPRISES ME MOST 102 00:06:00,735 --> 00:06:02,835 IS HOW THEY SEEM TO NEED ONE ANOTHER. 103 00:06:02,837 --> 00:06:05,672 KASI, THE CHEETAH, IN PARTICULAR, 104 00:06:05,674 --> 00:06:07,006 HE SEEMS TO NEED HER. 105 00:06:07,008 --> 00:06:10,176 YOU KNOW, IF SHE'S NOT AROUND, HE'S LOOKING FOR HER. 106 00:06:10,178 --> 00:06:13,946 I THINK THAT HE'D HAVE A MUCH MORE DIFFICULT TIME 107 00:06:13,948 --> 00:06:17,050 IF SHE WAS NOT A PART OF THIS ENVIRONMENT. 108 00:06:19,303 --> 00:06:21,921 IT'S TIME TO CHASE. 109 00:06:21,923 --> 00:06:24,724 IT'S MORE THAN JUST 110 00:06:24,726 --> 00:06:26,492 COMING OUT HERE AND RUNNING 111 00:06:26,494 --> 00:06:29,128 THE CHEETAHS AND DOGS FOR THE, YES, ENJOYMENT 112 00:06:29,130 --> 00:06:30,363 AND UNDERSTANDING -- 113 00:06:30,365 --> 00:06:32,498 IT'S REALLY AN EXERCISE PROGRAM. 114 00:06:35,335 --> 00:06:37,837 EACH TIME THEY COME OUT, THEY GET A LITTLE BETTER 115 00:06:37,839 --> 00:06:40,373 AT EITHER RUNNING OR DODGING OR CHANGING DIRECTION. 116 00:06:51,085 --> 00:06:52,885 THEY ARE BOTH REACHING 117 00:06:52,887 --> 00:06:54,687 20 TO 30 MILES PER HOUR RIGHT NOW, 118 00:06:54,689 --> 00:06:56,823 WHICH IS PRETTY DARN GOOD WHEN YOU FIGURE 119 00:06:56,825 --> 00:06:58,191 AN ADULT CHEETAH IN THE WILD 120 00:06:58,193 --> 00:07:00,660 REACHES SPEEDS OF 60 TO 70 MILES PER HOUR. 121 00:07:09,002 --> 00:07:10,136 IT'S KIND OF STRANGE, 122 00:07:10,138 --> 00:07:11,571 BUT AT THE END OF THE DAY, 123 00:07:11,573 --> 00:07:13,639 THE LABRADOR RETRIEVER ACTUALLY HAS 124 00:07:13,641 --> 00:07:15,074 A LOT MORE STAMINA. 125 00:07:15,076 --> 00:07:17,810 SHE CAN GO FOR A LOT LONGER PERIOD OF TIME. 126 00:07:17,812 --> 00:07:21,481 AND, SO, WE RUN HER A LOT MORE THAN WE DO HIM. 127 00:07:24,585 --> 00:07:27,086 YOU KNOW, IT'S NOT SIMPLE -- IT DOESN'T MATTER 128 00:07:27,088 --> 00:07:30,056 WHETHER IT'S TWO HUMANS, TWO DOGS, A DOG AND A CHEETAH. 129 00:07:30,058 --> 00:07:32,592 YOU KNOW, RELATIONSHIPS ARE REALLY TOUGH. 130 00:07:32,594 --> 00:07:33,826 THERE'S PEOPLE THAT GO THROUGH LIFE 131 00:07:33,828 --> 00:07:35,128 THAT DON'T FIND THAT COMPANION. 132 00:07:35,130 --> 00:07:36,596 THERE'S ANIMALS THAT GO THROUGH LIFE 133 00:07:36,598 --> 00:07:38,331 THAT LIVE COMPLETELY BY THEMSELVES. 134 00:07:38,333 --> 00:07:41,000 THESE TWO HAVE A SHOT AT BEING COMPANIONS WITH ONE ANOTHER 135 00:07:41,002 --> 00:07:42,435 FOR THE REST OF THEIR LIVES, 136 00:07:42,437 --> 00:07:44,704 AND THEY SEEM TO BE MAKING THAT KIND OF A CHOICE. 137 00:07:48,809 --> 00:07:51,110 Man: I THINK THE CHOICES ANIMALS MAKE 138 00:07:51,112 --> 00:07:52,862 IN CROSS-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS 139 00:07:52,864 --> 00:07:55,181 ARE SIMILAR TO THE CHOICES THEY MAKE 140 00:07:55,183 --> 00:07:57,183 IN SAME-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS. 141 00:07:57,185 --> 00:07:59,819 LIKE, SOME DOGS DON'T LIKE EVERY OTHER DOG. 142 00:07:59,821 --> 00:08:01,187 THEY MAY NOT ATTACK THE DOG, 143 00:08:01,189 --> 00:08:03,372 BUT THEY DON'T FORM THAT CLOSE RELATIONSHIP. 144 00:08:03,374 --> 00:08:05,925 ANIMALS ARE VERY SELECTIVE 145 00:08:05,927 --> 00:08:08,561 ABOUT THE OTHER INDIVIDUALS 146 00:08:08,563 --> 00:08:11,230 WHO THEY LET INTO THEIR LIVES. 147 00:08:11,232 --> 00:08:14,116 Woman: WELL, AS AN AUTISTIC PERSON, 148 00:08:14,118 --> 00:08:16,903 I AM AN EXTREME VISUAL THINKER. 149 00:08:16,905 --> 00:08:19,372 EVERYTHING I THINK ABOUT IS IN A PICTURE. 150 00:08:19,374 --> 00:08:20,807 AND THAT'S THE WAY ANIMALS ARE. 151 00:08:20,809 --> 00:08:23,209 AN ANIMAL'S WORLD IS SENSORY BASED, 152 00:08:23,211 --> 00:08:24,710 IT'S NOT WORD BASED. 153 00:08:24,712 --> 00:08:29,248 WHAT CROSS-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS SHOW YOU IS THAT 154 00:08:29,250 --> 00:08:32,885 THERE'S BEHAVIORS AND EMOTIONS THAT JUST GO ACROSS SPECIES. 155 00:08:32,887 --> 00:08:35,387 I MEAN, MAMMALS HAVE CERTAIN BEHAVIORS 156 00:08:35,389 --> 00:08:37,523 THAT GO ACROSS ALL THE SPECIES, 157 00:08:37,525 --> 00:08:39,058 BECAUSE THEY'RE MAMMALS. 158 00:08:39,060 --> 00:08:42,028 YOU KNOW, I DON'T THINK SNAKES ARE GOING TO BE DOING THIS. 159 00:08:42,030 --> 00:08:44,363 Narrator: WE NEED LOOK NO FURTHER 160 00:08:44,365 --> 00:08:46,833 THAN OUR RELATIONSHIPS WITH OUR PETS 161 00:08:46,835 --> 00:08:49,001 FOR EXAMPLES OF THE DEEP BONDS 162 00:08:49,003 --> 00:08:52,505 THAT CAN FORM BETWEEN DIFFERENT SPECIES. 163 00:08:52,507 --> 00:08:54,440 BUT WE STILL HAVE A LOT TO LEARN 164 00:08:54,442 --> 00:08:56,409 ABOUT CROSS-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS. 165 00:08:59,246 --> 00:09:01,747 DO THE SAME ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL BONDING 166 00:09:01,749 --> 00:09:03,649 SPAN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM? 167 00:09:03,651 --> 00:09:05,885 A QUESTION ALL THE MORE PERPLEXING 168 00:09:05,887 --> 00:09:07,887 WHEN ANIMALS BREAK BOUNDARIES 169 00:09:07,889 --> 00:09:11,457 WE'D THINK WOULD BE TOO STRONG TO OVERCOME. 170 00:09:11,459 --> 00:09:13,993 Bekoff: THERE'S DEFINITELY A RISK INVOLVED 171 00:09:13,995 --> 00:09:16,596 IN RELATIONSHIPS THAT FORM BETWEEN ANIMALS, 172 00:09:16,598 --> 00:09:18,598 SAY, OF DIFFERENT SIZES, 173 00:09:18,600 --> 00:09:20,466 AND PREDATORS AND PREY, FOR EXAMPLE. 174 00:09:20,468 --> 00:09:22,919 SO THERE IS A RISK, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PREY ANIMAL. 175 00:09:22,921 --> 00:09:25,788 AND THAT'S WHAT I THINK IS SO INTRIGUING 176 00:09:25,790 --> 00:09:27,790 ABOUT THE CROSS-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS. 177 00:09:27,792 --> 00:09:29,825 THERE'S INCREDIBLE TRUST, 178 00:09:29,827 --> 00:09:32,795 AND IT HAS TO FORM IMMEDIATELY. 179 00:09:50,964 --> 00:09:53,449 Man: I WAS IN SHOW BUSINESS, 180 00:09:53,451 --> 00:09:56,202 BOUGHT A COUPLE OF BABY TIGERS FOR ALL THE WRONG REASONS, 181 00:09:56,204 --> 00:09:58,271 AND DID A SHOW AT THE ALADDIN HOTEL 182 00:09:58,273 --> 00:09:59,772 CALLED "PREDATOR'S PARADISE," 183 00:09:59,774 --> 00:10:01,006 AND I JUST DIDN'T LIKE 184 00:10:01,008 --> 00:10:03,109 THE EXPLOITATION OF EXOTIC ANIMALS. 185 00:10:03,111 --> 00:10:08,080 SO, I DECIDED TO START RESCUING ANIMALS. 186 00:10:19,259 --> 00:10:22,295 ALL THE ANIMALS THAT WE HAVE HAVE EITHER BEEN RESCUED 187 00:10:22,297 --> 00:10:25,097 OR RETIRED FROM SHOW BUSINESS, 188 00:10:25,099 --> 00:10:27,300 OR THEY HAVE BEEN CONFISCATED BY GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, 189 00:10:27,302 --> 00:10:29,302 EITHER THE USDA OR THE DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE. 190 00:10:29,304 --> 00:10:32,004 [ LION GROWLING ] 191 00:10:47,487 --> 00:10:49,739 Narrator: ANTHONY, THE LION, 192 00:10:49,741 --> 00:10:52,491 CAME TO KEEPERS OF THE WILD AS A SICKLY CUB 193 00:10:52,493 --> 00:10:55,911 WHO WAS DISCARDED AFTER BEING AUCTIONED OFF IN VIRGINIA. 194 00:10:55,913 --> 00:11:01,067 RILEY, THE COYOTE, WAS RESCUED BY ARIZONA GAME AND FISH. 195 00:11:01,069 --> 00:11:04,503 THEY CAME TOGETHER WHEN BOTH WERE JUST OVER A MONTH OLD -- 196 00:11:04,505 --> 00:11:06,806 TOO YOUNG, PERHAPS, TO UNDERSTAND THAT 197 00:11:06,808 --> 00:11:08,607 NATURE WOULD NEVER CAST THEM 198 00:11:08,609 --> 00:11:10,042 AS FRIENDS. 199 00:11:10,044 --> 00:11:12,278 Kraft: SINCE THEY WERE BOTH THE SAME AGE, 200 00:11:12,280 --> 00:11:13,779 AND WE HAD THEM IN OUR HOUSE, 201 00:11:13,781 --> 00:11:17,083 WE FIGURED, "WELL, YOU KNOW, LET'S RAISE THEM TOGETHER." 202 00:11:17,085 --> 00:11:20,186 AND SO THEY GREW UP TOGETHER FROM LITTLE BABIES ON. 203 00:11:27,361 --> 00:11:29,895 WHEN THEY WERE VERY, VERY SMALL, IT WAS REAL EASY 204 00:11:29,897 --> 00:11:32,198 BECAUSE THEY WERE BOTH ABOUT THE SAME SIZE. 205 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,200 AND, OF COURSE, THE LITTLE COYOTE, 206 00:11:34,202 --> 00:11:36,068 SHE'S STAYED RELATIVELY SMALL, 207 00:11:36,070 --> 00:11:38,037 AND SHE JUST WATCHES HIM GROW UP 208 00:11:38,039 --> 00:11:39,772 TO BE A GIANT. 209 00:11:41,775 --> 00:11:45,511 THE GENTLENESS BETWEEN THEM AND THE BOND 210 00:11:45,513 --> 00:11:49,148 AND THE CLOSENESS HAS NEVER CHANGED. 211 00:11:51,585 --> 00:11:53,986 COYOTES ARE SOCIAL ANIMALS, 212 00:11:53,988 --> 00:11:55,755 AND SO ARE LIONS. 213 00:11:55,757 --> 00:11:59,592 I THINK COMPANY IS VERY, VERY IMPORTANT TO SOCIAL ANIMALS. 214 00:12:20,347 --> 00:12:22,548 Narrator: SOCIAL ANIMALS 215 00:12:22,550 --> 00:12:24,283 BUILD BONDS BY PLAYING TOGETHER, 216 00:12:24,285 --> 00:12:26,018 TESTING THEIR STRENGTHS AND LIMITS. 217 00:12:26,020 --> 00:12:29,622 AND IN DOING SO, THEY LEARN ABOUT TRUST. 218 00:12:34,094 --> 00:12:38,180 Kraft: I THINK IT'S A WONDERFUL EXERCISE FOR THEM 219 00:12:38,182 --> 00:12:39,899 TO ACT OUT THEIR HUNTING TECHNIQUES 220 00:12:39,901 --> 00:12:44,537 AND THEIR STALKING TECHNIQUES. 221 00:12:44,539 --> 00:12:47,873 I ALSO SEE HER TEASING HIM -- SHE RUNS AWAY AND THEN 222 00:12:47,875 --> 00:12:49,408 SHE LETS HIM CATCH HER. 223 00:12:49,410 --> 00:12:52,545 AND HE WILL JUMP HER -- HE WILL STALK HER AND JUMP HER, 224 00:12:52,547 --> 00:12:55,181 AND THEN SHE DOES A LITTLE YELP AND HE LETS HER GO RIGHT AWAY. 225 00:13:00,187 --> 00:13:01,720 I HAVE NOT YET SEEN THEM 226 00:13:01,722 --> 00:13:04,573 INTENTIONALLY HURT EACH OTHER AT ALL. 227 00:13:07,027 --> 00:13:08,694 I WOULD INTERVENE 228 00:13:08,696 --> 00:13:10,579 IF I FELT THAT THE COYOTE WAS IN DANGER -- 229 00:13:10,581 --> 00:13:12,131 I WOULD PULL HER IN A HEARTBEAT. 230 00:13:12,133 --> 00:13:16,068 I DON'T WANT TO PUT HER IN ANY KIND OF JEOPARDY. 231 00:13:16,070 --> 00:13:21,273 BUT I DON'T THINK THAT SHE THINKS THAT SHE'S A COYOTE. 232 00:13:21,275 --> 00:13:24,110 I DON'T THINK SHE'S EVER SEEN OTHER COYOTES. 233 00:13:27,614 --> 00:13:30,449 ANTHONY AND RILEY'S RELATIONSHIP 234 00:13:30,451 --> 00:13:32,351 MAKES THEM HEALTHIER. 235 00:13:32,353 --> 00:13:34,353 IT'S KIND OF LIKE HUMANS, IF YOU'VE GOT 236 00:13:34,355 --> 00:13:36,255 A GOOD RELATIONSHIP, MORE THAN LIKELY 237 00:13:36,257 --> 00:13:37,690 YOU'LL BE HAPPIER, 238 00:13:37,692 --> 00:13:39,825 EVERYTHING IN YOUR BODY FUNCTIONS BETTER. 239 00:13:39,827 --> 00:13:41,694 I THINK MENTALLY YOU'RE MORE STABLE, 240 00:13:41,696 --> 00:13:45,197 AND I THINK IT'S THE SAME THING WITH THE LION AND THE COYOTE. 241 00:13:45,199 --> 00:13:48,567 I'VE BEEN AROUND BIG CATS FOR 20 SOME ODD YEARS NOW, 242 00:13:48,569 --> 00:13:50,769 AND I THOUGHT I'D SEEN IT ALL. 243 00:13:50,771 --> 00:13:53,572 I MUST ADMIT THAT THIS IS EXTREMELY RARE. 244 00:13:53,574 --> 00:13:56,675 BUT MOTHER NATURE IS TEACHING ME SOMETHING EVERY TIME, 245 00:13:56,677 --> 00:13:59,578 PARTICULARLY WHEN I SEE A RELATIONSHIP LIKE THIS. 246 00:13:59,580 --> 00:14:03,482 Narrator: BUT ARE STRONG SOCIAL BONDS ENOUGH 247 00:14:03,484 --> 00:14:05,718 TO KEEP PREY ANIMALS SAFE 248 00:14:05,720 --> 00:14:08,621 IN THESE MISMATCHED RELATIONSHIPS? 249 00:14:12,692 --> 00:14:14,777 Grandin: THERE'S A VERY STRONG INSTINCT 250 00:14:14,779 --> 00:14:17,363 IN THE PREDATOR ANIMALS, WITH A LION OR A TIGER, 251 00:14:17,365 --> 00:14:19,565 TO RUN AFTER SOMETHING THAT MOVES RAPIDLY. 252 00:14:22,652 --> 00:14:24,236 NOW, THEY LEARN, 253 00:14:24,238 --> 00:14:28,624 YOU KNOW, WHAT ANIMALS ARE LUNCH AND WHAT ANIMALS ARE NOT. 254 00:14:28,626 --> 00:14:31,460 YOU KNOW, TO SAY THAT AN ANIMAL IS JUST SORT OF A ROBOT 255 00:14:31,462 --> 00:14:34,112 THAT BLINDLY DOES INSTINCTUAL HARD-WIRED BEHAVIOR, 256 00:14:34,114 --> 00:14:36,465 THAT'S JUST RIDICULOUS. 257 00:14:36,467 --> 00:14:39,468 WHEN IT COMES TO SOME OF THE EMOTIONAL THINGS 258 00:14:39,470 --> 00:14:41,136 AND COGNITION IN ANIMALS, 259 00:14:41,138 --> 00:14:43,455 I THINK SCIENTISTS ARE GOING TO PROVE 260 00:14:43,457 --> 00:14:45,841 THAT LITTLE OLD LADIES IN TENNIS SHOES 261 00:14:45,843 --> 00:14:48,460 WHO SAY THAT LITTLE FIFI REALLY CAN THINK, ARE RIGHT, 262 00:14:48,462 --> 00:14:50,012 BUT THAT DOESN'T MEAN THAT 263 00:14:50,014 --> 00:14:51,513 AN ANIMAL CAN THINK AT OUR LEVEL. 264 00:14:51,515 --> 00:14:55,801 THERE'S STILL A LOT THAT'S NOT KNOWN. 265 00:14:55,803 --> 00:14:59,305 BUT IT'S BEEN VERY CLEARLY SHOWN THAT IN ALL MAMMALS, 266 00:14:59,307 --> 00:15:01,874 YOU'VE GOT THE SAME EMOTIONAL DRIVERS 267 00:15:01,876 --> 00:15:05,377 DOWN IN THE BASE OF THE BRAIN THAT DRIVE BEHAVIOR -- 268 00:15:05,379 --> 00:15:07,846 FEAR, SEPARATION DISTRESS OR PANIC, 269 00:15:07,848 --> 00:15:10,883 SEEKING THE URGE TO EXPLORE NEW THINGS, 270 00:15:10,885 --> 00:15:14,520 RAGE, SEX BEHAVIOR, AND PLAY. 271 00:15:14,522 --> 00:15:17,823 [ GOATS BLEATING ] 272 00:15:17,825 --> 00:15:21,460 ¶ HERE WE COME 273 00:15:21,462 --> 00:15:24,330 ¶ WALKING DOWN THE STREET 274 00:15:24,332 --> 00:15:27,233 ¶ WE GET THE FUNNIEST LOOKS FROM ¶ 275 00:15:27,235 --> 00:15:29,902 ¶ EVERYONE WE MEET 276 00:15:29,904 --> 00:15:32,404 ¶ HEY, HEY, WE'RE THE MONKEES 277 00:15:32,406 --> 00:15:34,540 ¶ AND PEOPLE SAY WE MONKEY AROUND ¶ 278 00:15:34,542 --> 00:15:38,277 ¶ BUT WE'RE TOO BUSY SINGING 279 00:15:38,279 --> 00:15:41,664 ¶ TO PUT ANYBODY DOWN 280 00:15:41,666 --> 00:15:44,366 ¶ WE'RE JUST TRYING TO BE FRIENDLY ¶ 281 00:15:44,368 --> 00:15:45,918 ¶ COME AND WATCH US SING AND PLAY... ¶ 282 00:15:45,920 --> 00:15:48,754 Narrator: BEFORE SCIENTISTS CAN BEGIN TO UNDERSTAND 283 00:15:48,756 --> 00:15:50,339 CROSS-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS, 284 00:15:50,341 --> 00:15:52,841 THEY NEED TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE COMPLEXITY 285 00:15:52,843 --> 00:15:55,594 OF THE BONDS ANIMALS FORM WITHIN THEIR OWN SPECIES. 286 00:15:59,099 --> 00:16:02,101 Woman: I THINK SCIENTISTS ARE STARTING TO BUY INTO THIS IDEA 287 00:16:02,103 --> 00:16:04,603 THAT OTHER ANIMALS HAVE COMPLEX EMOTIONAL LIVES. 288 00:16:04,605 --> 00:16:08,140 UNTIL VERY RECENTLY, AND WE'RE TALKING THIS YEAR, 289 00:16:08,142 --> 00:16:10,276 WE DIDN'T LIKE TO USE THE WORD "FRIENDSHIP" 290 00:16:10,278 --> 00:16:12,844 WHEN WE WERE TALKING, YOU KNOW, ABOUT SERIOUS SCIENCE. 291 00:16:12,846 --> 00:16:14,280 IN SORT OF PASSING, 292 00:16:14,282 --> 00:16:15,781 SPEAKING WITH OUR FRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES, 293 00:16:15,783 --> 00:16:18,016 WE WOULD TALK ABOUT FRIENDSHIP IN OTHER ANIMALS, 294 00:16:18,018 --> 00:16:20,352 BUT WE WOULD NEVER WRITE IT IN A SCIENTIFIC PAPER. 295 00:16:20,354 --> 00:16:24,022 THE USE OF THE TERM FRIENDSHIP AND THE STUDY OF FRIENDSHIP, 296 00:16:24,024 --> 00:16:28,877 NOW IT'S REALLY KIND OF COME INTO ITS OWN AS A TOPIC. 297 00:16:28,879 --> 00:16:31,880 IN FACT, BY STUDYING MONKEYS, I'M HOPING TO GET CLUES 298 00:16:31,882 --> 00:16:36,468 AS TO WHY FRIENDSHIP EVOLVED IN PEOPLE. 299 00:16:36,470 --> 00:16:38,036 MONKEYS DO HAVE FRIENDS. 300 00:16:38,038 --> 00:16:39,922 THEY INTERACT WITH INDIVIDUALS 301 00:16:39,924 --> 00:16:42,841 WHO THEY ARE NOT RELATED TO IN FRIENDLY WAYS. 302 00:16:42,843 --> 00:16:44,743 EVEN THOUGH NO ONE IS GOING TO SAY THAT 303 00:16:44,745 --> 00:16:46,745 THE DEFINITION OF "FRIENDSHIP" IN MONKEYS 304 00:16:46,747 --> 00:16:48,147 IS EXACTLY THE SAME AS 305 00:16:48,149 --> 00:16:50,733 HOW WE MIGHT DEFINE FRIENDSHIP IN HUMANS, 306 00:16:50,735 --> 00:16:53,819 IT'S KIND OF UNDENIABLE THAT THERE ARE INDIVIDUALS 307 00:16:53,821 --> 00:16:55,654 WHO AREN'T RELATED TO EACH OTHER 308 00:16:55,656 --> 00:16:58,123 WHO SPEND TIME TOGETHER IN A FRIENDLY FASHION. 309 00:16:58,125 --> 00:17:00,793 SOMETIMES WE CALL IT SOCIAL BONDS, THAT THEY'RE BONDED. 310 00:17:00,795 --> 00:17:02,227 BUT, I MEAN, WHAT IS THAT, 311 00:17:02,229 --> 00:17:06,081 OTHER THAN JUST SORT OF A MORE DESCRIPTIVE WORD FOR FRIENDSHIP? 312 00:17:06,083 --> 00:17:07,583 BUT WHAT, EXACTLY, 313 00:17:07,585 --> 00:17:09,368 FRIENDSHIPS GET YOU, 314 00:17:09,370 --> 00:17:11,670 THAT IS VERY MUCH STILL OPEN, 315 00:17:11,672 --> 00:17:13,739 WE'RE STILL WORKING ON IT. 316 00:17:17,410 --> 00:17:19,578 Narrator: CAYO SANTIAGO IS ONE OF 317 00:17:19,580 --> 00:17:22,014 THE FEW PRIMATE FIELD RESEARCH SITES IN THE WORLD 318 00:17:22,016 --> 00:17:26,552 DEVOTED TO THE LONG-TERM STUDY OF RHESUS MACAQUES. 319 00:17:32,359 --> 00:17:35,994 PROFESSOR LAUREN BRENT HAS SPENT OVER SIX YEARS ON THE ISLAND 320 00:17:35,996 --> 00:17:40,833 STUDYING HOW NON-RELATED MONKEYS INTERACT AND FORM BONDS. 321 00:17:40,835 --> 00:17:42,334 HER RESEARCH HAS LED TO 322 00:17:42,336 --> 00:17:45,170 SOME GROUND-BREAKING DISCOVERIES. 323 00:17:45,172 --> 00:17:47,139 Brent: SO, WE CAN'T ASK A MONKEY, 324 00:17:47,141 --> 00:17:48,590 "WHO IS YOUR BEST FRIEND?" 325 00:17:48,592 --> 00:17:51,477 SO WE HAVE TO STUDY IT BY OBSERVING THEIR BEHAVIORS. 326 00:17:51,479 --> 00:17:53,645 AND SO, WE DEFINE FRIENDSHIP IN MONKEYS 327 00:17:53,647 --> 00:17:55,681 AS WHO THEY SPEND A LOT OF TIME WITH, 328 00:17:55,683 --> 00:17:58,233 AND WHO THEY INTERACT WITH IN A FRIENDLY MANNER. 329 00:17:58,235 --> 00:18:01,186 IN PARTICULAR, WE LOOK AT THINGS LIKE GROOMING, 330 00:18:01,188 --> 00:18:02,788 FEEDING NEXT TO EACH OTHER, 331 00:18:02,790 --> 00:18:05,791 WHO SPENDS TIME TOGETHER, WHO IS AGGRESSIVE TO WHO. 332 00:18:05,793 --> 00:18:08,560 SO, WHATEVER THE MONKEYS ARE DOING, 333 00:18:08,562 --> 00:18:11,080 WE'RE FOLLOWING THEM AND RECORDING IT. 334 00:18:11,082 --> 00:18:12,915 DO YOU KNOW THAT ONE? 335 00:18:12,917 --> 00:18:15,033 SO, WE WOULD PICK AN INDIVIDUAL, 336 00:18:15,035 --> 00:18:17,503 AND WE DO TEN-MINUTE FOCAL FOLLOWS. 337 00:18:17,505 --> 00:18:20,506 SO, FOR TEN MINUTES, RECORD EVERYTHING 338 00:18:20,508 --> 00:18:22,040 THAT THE FOCAL ANIMAL IS DOING, 339 00:18:22,042 --> 00:18:23,408 WHO THEY ARE INTERACTING WITH, 340 00:18:23,410 --> 00:18:28,347 AND SO, THE MONKEYS DICTATE WHAT HAPPENS. 341 00:18:28,349 --> 00:18:30,632 SO, THAT'S 25-R. 342 00:18:30,634 --> 00:18:34,085 I WAS TELLING JOEL THIS MORNING THAT 25-R USED TO BE A MEMBER 343 00:18:34,087 --> 00:18:36,622 OF THIS LITTLE BAND OF MALES THAT WERE ALL MIDDLE RANKING. 344 00:18:36,624 --> 00:18:38,123 THEY WERE TOGETHER QUITE A LOT 345 00:18:38,125 --> 00:18:39,892 AND WOULD SUPPORT EACH OTHER IN FIGHTS. 346 00:18:39,894 --> 00:18:41,944 BUT HIS BUDDIES HAVE DISPERSED TO ANOTHER GROUP. 347 00:18:41,946 --> 00:18:43,529 SO, HE'S KIND OF LEFT ON HIS OWN, 348 00:18:43,531 --> 00:18:45,764 ALTHOUGH ONE OF THEM SEEMS TO HAVE MAYBE COME BACK, 349 00:18:45,766 --> 00:18:48,534 BUT I HAVEN'T SEEN THEM INTERACTING. 350 00:18:48,536 --> 00:18:50,869 HE'S A GOOD GUY. 351 00:18:50,871 --> 00:18:54,907 Narrator: THE MONKEYS HAVE TATTOOS TO IDENTIFY THEM, 352 00:18:54,909 --> 00:18:57,459 BUT IT'S STILL TRICKY. 353 00:18:57,461 --> 00:18:58,994 THERE ARE OVER 1,000 ON THE ISLAND, 354 00:18:58,996 --> 00:19:00,546 SPREAD ACROSS AT LEAST EIGHT TROOPS 355 00:19:00,548 --> 00:19:03,665 WHOSE MEMBERSHIP CONSTANTLY CHANGES, 356 00:19:03,667 --> 00:19:06,451 MAKING LAUREN'S TEST TROOP A MOVING TARGET. 357 00:19:06,453 --> 00:19:08,670 20-F REALLY... 358 00:19:08,672 --> 00:19:10,589 I DON'T KNOW IF YOU'LL NOTICE IT WHEN YOU COLLECT DATA, 359 00:19:10,591 --> 00:19:12,841 BUT IN PREVIOUS YEARS 20-F HAS BEEN REALLY ASOCIAL. 360 00:19:12,843 --> 00:19:14,309 SO, SHE IS ALWAYS KIND OF THE PERIPHERY OF THE GROUP. 361 00:19:14,311 --> 00:19:20,649 I DON'T KNOW IF I'VE EVER SEEN HER GROOMING ANYBODY. 362 00:19:20,651 --> 00:19:25,070 [ MACAQUES CALLING ] 363 00:19:25,072 --> 00:19:28,440 IN TERMS OF MY RESEARCH, I'VE BEEN ABLE TO SHOW THAT 364 00:19:28,442 --> 00:19:31,009 FEMALES THAT HAVE TIGHTER SOCIAL BONDS 365 00:19:31,011 --> 00:19:33,145 HAD LOWER STRESS HORMONE LEVELS. 366 00:19:35,482 --> 00:19:38,000 SO, WE MEASURE, IN THEIR FECES THEIR LEVEL OF CORTISOL, 367 00:19:38,002 --> 00:19:40,836 WHICH IS THIS HORMONE THAT YOU RELEASE WHEN YOU FEEL STRESSED. 368 00:19:40,838 --> 00:19:42,454 AND FEMALES THAT HAVE 369 00:19:42,456 --> 00:19:46,425 TIGHTER KNIT SOCIAL CONNECTIONS HAD LOWER STRESS HORMONE LEVELS. 370 00:19:48,811 --> 00:19:52,681 WE KNOW GROOMING FEELS GOOD, IT'S SORT OF LIKE A MASSAGE. 371 00:19:52,683 --> 00:19:54,099 SO WHEN YOU'RE RECEIVING GROOMING, 372 00:19:54,101 --> 00:19:55,634 YOUR STRESS HORMONE LEVELS GO DOWN, 373 00:19:55,636 --> 00:19:57,969 YOU RELEASE SOMETHING THAT'S CALLED OXYTOCIN, 374 00:19:57,971 --> 00:19:59,655 WHICH IS THE, SORT OF, HORMONE OF LOVE, 375 00:19:59,657 --> 00:20:01,323 BECAUSE WHEN YOU'RE IN PHYSICAL CONTACT 376 00:20:01,325 --> 00:20:04,142 WITH ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL, YOU RELEASE OXYTOCIN -- 377 00:20:04,144 --> 00:20:07,829 IT HAS THIS CASCADING EFFECT ON YOUR PHYSIOLOGY. 378 00:20:07,831 --> 00:20:10,365 SO, INTERACTING WITH ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL IN A POSITIVE WAY, 379 00:20:10,367 --> 00:20:11,617 IN BOTH PEOPLE AND MONKEYS, 380 00:20:11,619 --> 00:20:13,952 FEELS GOOD. 381 00:20:19,325 --> 00:20:22,127 UM, SO, SCAN -- HE'S BEEN SOCIAL. 382 00:20:26,833 --> 00:20:31,837 THE BENEFIT OF FRIENDSHIP IS MULTI-LEVELED. 383 00:20:31,839 --> 00:20:34,839 FEMALES WHO HAVE STRONGER SOCIAL BONDS 384 00:20:34,841 --> 00:20:36,191 LIVE LONGER, HAVE MORE INFANTS, 385 00:20:36,193 --> 00:20:37,842 THEIR INFANTS ARE MORE LIKELY TO SURVIVE. 386 00:20:37,844 --> 00:20:41,513 SO, MAYBE ALL OF THESE THINGS, THESE FAVORS THAT WE HAVE, 387 00:20:41,515 --> 00:20:44,650 THIS PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATION WITH FRIENDSHIP, 388 00:20:44,652 --> 00:20:48,570 THEN BUILDS TO THIS OUTPUT OF BETTER EVOLUTIONARY FITNESS. 389 00:20:52,858 --> 00:20:54,993 WE KNOW NOW THAT 390 00:20:54,995 --> 00:20:56,828 HAVING SOCIAL BONDS WITH OTHER INDIVIDUALS 391 00:20:56,830 --> 00:20:58,363 HELPS YOU SURVIVE, 392 00:20:58,365 --> 00:21:00,048 HELPS YOU COPE WITH THE CHALLENGES 393 00:21:00,050 --> 00:21:01,667 THAT YOU FACE IN YOUR ENVIRONMENT. 394 00:21:09,375 --> 00:21:12,043 Narrator: MAINTAINING TIGHT SOCIAL BONDS 395 00:21:12,045 --> 00:21:14,896 REQUIRES RECOGNIZING NOT ONLY YOUR FRIENDS, 396 00:21:14,898 --> 00:21:17,432 BUT ALSO THE FRIENDS OF YOUR FRIENDS, 397 00:21:17,434 --> 00:21:21,052 AND THE ENEMIES OF YOUR FRIENDS. 398 00:21:21,054 --> 00:21:24,156 BUILDING FRIENDSHIPS IS A COMPLEX SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 399 00:21:24,158 --> 00:21:27,392 THAT SCIENTISTS SUCH AS LAUREN BRENT 400 00:21:27,394 --> 00:21:30,596 NOW BELIEVE EVOLUTION ENCODED INTO THE DNA 401 00:21:30,598 --> 00:21:32,831 OF HUMANS AND OTHER SPECIES. 402 00:21:36,169 --> 00:21:37,703 Grandin: I'VE STUDIED A LOT OF 403 00:21:37,705 --> 00:21:39,237 THE NEUROSCIENCE OF EMOTIONS. 404 00:21:39,239 --> 00:21:40,539 AND THERE'S BASIC EMOTIONS 405 00:21:40,541 --> 00:21:41,807 THAT ANIMALS DEFINITELY HAVE. 406 00:21:41,809 --> 00:21:43,542 IT HAS BEEN IN THE NEUROSCIENCE LITERATURE 407 00:21:43,544 --> 00:21:45,611 FOR YEARS. 408 00:21:45,613 --> 00:21:47,846 IT WAS IN THE NEUROSCIENCE LITERATURE WHEN I STUDIED 409 00:21:47,848 --> 00:21:51,283 PSYCHOLOGY BACK IN THE '60s. 410 00:21:51,285 --> 00:21:52,851 PROBLEM IS, THERE'S THIS RESEARCH 411 00:21:52,853 --> 00:21:54,186 THAT'S ALL OVER IN NEUROSCIENCE, 412 00:21:54,188 --> 00:21:56,254 AND THERE'S A LOT OF PEOPLE, EVEN VETERINARIANS, 413 00:21:56,256 --> 00:21:58,490 THAT DON'T WANT TO ADMIT THAT ANIMALS HAVE EMOTIONS. 414 00:21:58,492 --> 00:22:00,792 I JUST GOT AN E-MAIL FROM A VETERINARIAN THE OTHER DAY 415 00:22:00,794 --> 00:22:03,428 THAT SAYS, "WELL, WE JUST CAN'T SAY THAT ANIMALS HAVE EMOTIONS. 416 00:22:03,430 --> 00:22:05,197 IT'S JUST STRESS." 417 00:22:05,199 --> 00:22:07,165 I DON'T... I DON'T BUY THAT. 418 00:22:18,878 --> 00:22:22,481 WE GOT A BANDIT IN THE TREE. 419 00:22:22,483 --> 00:22:24,866 Woman: 16 YEARS AGO, 420 00:22:24,868 --> 00:22:26,918 I WAS TAKING IN DOGS AND CATS AND FARM ANIMALS, 421 00:22:26,920 --> 00:22:28,920 AND SOMEBODY BROUGHT ME A PAIR OF RACCOON KITS. 422 00:22:30,456 --> 00:22:32,891 IN THE STATE OF OKLAHOMA, 423 00:22:32,893 --> 00:22:34,292 THE STATE OWNS THE WILDLIFE 424 00:22:34,294 --> 00:22:35,727 AND IN ORDER TO CARE FOR THEM, 425 00:22:35,729 --> 00:22:37,996 YOU HAVE TO HAVE A SPECIAL LICENSE FOR REHABILITATION. 426 00:22:37,998 --> 00:22:40,232 AND I WENT LOOKING FOR A FACILITY THAT WOULD TAKE THEM 427 00:22:40,234 --> 00:22:42,034 AND TURN THEM LOOSE WHEN THEY WERE RAISED; 428 00:22:42,036 --> 00:22:46,371 THERE WASN'T ONE. 429 00:22:46,373 --> 00:22:49,541 SO, WHAT I DECIDED TO DO WAS TO GET A LICENSE AND RUIN MY LIFE. 430 00:22:49,543 --> 00:22:51,710 AT THE TIME, I DIDN'T KNOW I WAS RUINING MY LIFE. 431 00:22:51,712 --> 00:22:53,412 I THOUGHT, A COUPLE OF RACCOON KITS, 432 00:22:53,414 --> 00:22:54,780 LOTS OF FUN, GET THEM WILD. 433 00:22:54,782 --> 00:22:56,481 MY FIRST YEAR, I TOOK IN 434 00:22:56,483 --> 00:22:58,984 860 ORPHANED AND INJURED WILD ANIMALS. 435 00:22:58,986 --> 00:23:01,453 AND SO, I REALIZED THAT THERE WAS A HUGE NEED. 436 00:23:01,455 --> 00:23:03,789 IN 16 YEARS, 437 00:23:03,791 --> 00:23:06,692 I'VE RELEASED WAY OVER 16,000 ANIMALS INTO THE WILD. 438 00:23:06,694 --> 00:23:10,262 WE AVERAGE 1,000 A YEAR. 439 00:23:10,264 --> 00:23:13,615 Narrator: THERE IS ONE ANIMAL AT WILD HEART RANCH 440 00:23:13,617 --> 00:23:16,568 WHO CAN NEVER BE RELEASED -- A 16 YEAR OLD 441 00:23:16,570 --> 00:23:21,106 LONE SITKA DEER NAMED AMY, WHO IS NOT NATIVE TO THE AREA. 442 00:23:21,108 --> 00:23:22,541 Tucker: HER MOTHERING INSTINCTS 443 00:23:22,543 --> 00:23:23,792 ARE VERY DOMINANT. 444 00:23:23,794 --> 00:23:26,778 SO, BECAUSE I HAVE MANY, MANY BABY DEER, 445 00:23:26,780 --> 00:23:29,331 IT WORKED OUT PERFECT, BECAUSE SHE'S WILLING TO 446 00:23:29,333 --> 00:23:31,216 ACCEPT THESE ORPHANS AS HER OWN 447 00:23:31,218 --> 00:23:33,251 AND TEACH THEM TO BEHAVE LIKE A DEER. 448 00:23:39,392 --> 00:23:42,828 THE DOG IS A GOLDEN RETRIEVER PUPPY NAMED "RANSOM." 449 00:23:42,830 --> 00:23:44,329 HE WAS BORN BLIND. 450 00:23:44,331 --> 00:23:48,100 AT SIX WEEKS OLD, WE TOOK THE PUPPY IN, 451 00:23:48,102 --> 00:23:52,070 OTHERWISE THE PUPPY WOULD HAVE BEEN EUTHANIZED. 452 00:23:52,072 --> 00:23:54,573 WHAT HAPPENED WAS, HERE'S THIS LITTLE BLIND PUPPY, 453 00:23:54,575 --> 00:23:57,109 AND WHEN I'M NOT AROUND, HE'S LOOKING FOR COMFORT, 454 00:23:57,111 --> 00:23:59,411 HE'S TRYING TO FIND SOMETHING TO NURTURE HIM. 455 00:23:59,413 --> 00:24:04,649 AMY, BEING A NATURAL MOTHER, ADOPTED THIS BLIND PUPPY. 456 00:24:04,651 --> 00:24:05,951 SO, WE SHARE CUSTODY. 457 00:24:05,953 --> 00:24:07,819 AMY AND I HAVE JOINT CUSTODY OF THE DOG. 458 00:24:07,821 --> 00:24:10,489 AND, WHETHER I'M HERE OR SHE'S HERE, 459 00:24:10,491 --> 00:24:11,990 IT ENRICHES HIS LIFE. 460 00:24:11,992 --> 00:24:14,860 AND IT GIVES HIM A SENSE OF SECURITY. 461 00:24:17,764 --> 00:24:21,500 SHE HAS A NATURAL COMPASSION. 462 00:24:21,502 --> 00:24:23,301 SHE KNOWS IT'S NOT A DEER. 463 00:24:23,303 --> 00:24:26,571 SHE'S HAD PLENTY OF DEER -- SHE KNOWS HE'S NOT A DEER. 464 00:24:32,078 --> 00:24:33,779 THEY SLEEP TOGETHER AT NIGHT, 465 00:24:33,781 --> 00:24:36,081 AND THEN IN THE MORNING, HE WAKES UP, 466 00:24:36,083 --> 00:24:38,784 AND BEFORE HE STARTS HIS DAY, SHE SPIKES HIS COAT. 467 00:24:38,786 --> 00:24:40,218 AND, I KNOW THAT HE'S GOTTEN 468 00:24:40,220 --> 00:24:44,523 HIS LITTLE HAIRDO FOR THE DAY FROM AMY, HIS DEER MOM. 469 00:24:46,959 --> 00:24:51,229 RANSOM REGAINED HIS EYESIGHT SEVERAL WEEKS AGO. 470 00:24:51,231 --> 00:24:52,597 IT WAS SUDDEN. 471 00:24:52,599 --> 00:24:54,232 IT TURNED OUT HIS PROBLEM WAS NUTRITIONAL. 472 00:24:54,234 --> 00:24:58,203 SO, NOW HE SEES AMY, HE KNOWS WHAT SHE IS, 473 00:24:58,205 --> 00:25:01,139 BUT TO HIM, THAT'S STILL MOM. 474 00:25:01,141 --> 00:25:04,476 THAT'S THE RELATIONSHIP THAT'S BEEN FORGED AND NURTURED. 475 00:25:04,478 --> 00:25:07,412 IT WORKS FOR RANSOM, AND AMY LOVES HIM. 476 00:25:12,752 --> 00:25:14,452 Man: I THINK A LOT OF PEOPLE 477 00:25:14,454 --> 00:25:17,522 FIND THESE CROSS-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS SURPRISING, 478 00:25:17,524 --> 00:25:20,192 BECAUSE THEY DON'T APPRECIATE THE RICHNESS 479 00:25:20,194 --> 00:25:22,961 OF THE EMOTIONAL LIVES OF NON-HUMAN ANIMALS. 480 00:25:22,963 --> 00:25:24,729 THAT NON-HUMAN ANIMALS 481 00:25:24,731 --> 00:25:27,499 EXPERIENCE THE SAME EMOTIONS WE DO. 482 00:25:27,501 --> 00:25:31,002 I LOVE STORIES ABOUT ANIMAL BEHAVIOR, 483 00:25:31,004 --> 00:25:33,522 AND I ALWAYS LIKE TO SAY 484 00:25:33,524 --> 00:25:36,024 THE PLURAL OF ANECDOTE IS DATA. 485 00:25:36,026 --> 00:25:38,009 AND WHEN I HEAR 100 STORIES 486 00:25:38,011 --> 00:25:40,612 ABOUT AN IMPROBABLE RELATIONSHIP, 487 00:25:40,614 --> 00:25:41,846 AS A SCIENTIST, 488 00:25:41,848 --> 00:25:44,649 IT BEHOOVES ME OR SOMEONE TO GO STUDY THEM. 489 00:25:44,651 --> 00:25:48,820 Narrator: ENDURING RELATIONSHIPS ACROSS SPECIES MAY BE RARE, 490 00:25:48,822 --> 00:25:53,792 BUT CARETAKERS OF ANIMALS HAVE OBSERVED SO MANY 491 00:25:53,794 --> 00:25:56,328 THAT SCIENTISTS NOW REGARD THEIR ACCOUNTS 492 00:25:56,330 --> 00:25:59,531 AS VALUABLE FIELD REPORTS, WARRANTING FURTHER STUDY. 493 00:25:59,533 --> 00:26:05,070 THIS COULD HERALD A WHOLE NEW AREA OF SCIENCE. 494 00:26:08,624 --> 00:26:11,326 Tucker: COME ON, BABIES. 495 00:26:11,328 --> 00:26:14,045 COME HERE, CHARLIE HORSE. COME ON, HORSE. 496 00:26:14,047 --> 00:26:15,914 THIS IS CHARLIE AND JACK. 497 00:26:15,916 --> 00:26:18,516 CHARLIE IS A HORSE THAT I RESCUED. 498 00:26:18,518 --> 00:26:20,018 HE'S EXTREMELY OLD -- 499 00:26:20,020 --> 00:26:21,653 HE IS 40 YEARS OLD. 500 00:26:21,655 --> 00:26:23,889 HE'S LOST THE SIGHT IN BOTH OF HIS EYES. 501 00:26:23,891 --> 00:26:25,490 WHEN HE LOST HIS EYESIGHT, 502 00:26:25,492 --> 00:26:28,126 WE DECIDED THAT WE NEEDED TO PUT HIM DOWN, 503 00:26:28,128 --> 00:26:30,228 BUT WE DIDN'T GIVE ENOUGH CREDIT 504 00:26:30,230 --> 00:26:32,430 TO RELATIONSHIPS AMONG OUR ANIMALS. 505 00:26:32,432 --> 00:26:35,233 BECAUSE AS SOON AS CHARLIE LOST HIS EYESIGHT, 506 00:26:35,235 --> 00:26:37,435 JACK, MY OLD GOAT HERE, WHO'S 16, 507 00:26:37,437 --> 00:26:39,938 TOOK UP THE JOB OF BEING CHARLIE'S EYES. 508 00:26:42,174 --> 00:26:43,692 ONE TIME WE HAD 509 00:26:43,694 --> 00:26:45,226 SOME TORNADO WEATHER, AND THERE WAS A MICROBLAST. 510 00:26:45,228 --> 00:26:48,713 [ HORSE WHINNIES ] 511 00:26:48,715 --> 00:26:54,119 [ THUNDER CRASHING ] 512 00:26:54,121 --> 00:26:56,888 JACK CAME HOME SCREAMING. 513 00:26:56,890 --> 00:26:59,491 AND IT WAS LIKE, "TIMMY'S IN THE WELL!" 514 00:26:59,493 --> 00:27:02,493 KIND OF THING -- HE'S RUNNING TO THE GATE, HE'S YELLING. 515 00:27:02,495 --> 00:27:06,014 AND SO WE COME THROUGH THE GATE, AND JACK JUST TOOK OFF. 516 00:27:06,016 --> 00:27:07,799 AND WHAT WE FOUND WAS THE MICROBLAST 517 00:27:07,801 --> 00:27:09,801 HAD TWISTED A GROVE OF TREES IN A CIRCLE, 518 00:27:09,803 --> 00:27:12,537 AND MY BLIND HORSE IS IN THE MIDDLE OF IT. 519 00:27:12,539 --> 00:27:14,439 AND THERE WAS NO WAY FOR HIM TO GET OUT. 520 00:27:14,441 --> 00:27:15,941 SO, JACK ACTUALLY 521 00:27:15,943 --> 00:27:17,242 CAME AND GOT US TO GO HELP HIS BUDDY 522 00:27:17,244 --> 00:27:21,046 BECAUSE HE COULDN'T LEAD CHARLIE OUT OF THAT. 523 00:27:21,048 --> 00:27:24,883 AFTER THAT DAY, I'VE NO LONGER WORRIED ABOUT MY BLIND HORSE. 524 00:27:34,160 --> 00:27:37,495 THE REASON I KNOW THAT JACK KNOWS THAT CHARLIE IS BLIND 525 00:27:37,497 --> 00:27:41,399 IS BECAUSE WHEN CHARLIE LOST HIS EYESIGHT IN THE ONE EYE, 526 00:27:41,401 --> 00:27:44,569 JACK WOULD LEAD HIM ON THE SIDE. 527 00:27:44,571 --> 00:27:47,472 WHEN CHARLIE LOST THE EYESIGHT IN HIS REMAINING EYE, 528 00:27:47,474 --> 00:27:49,441 JACK STARTED LEADING IN THE FRONT. 529 00:27:53,612 --> 00:27:54,980 THERE IS A PATCH OF GRASS 530 00:27:54,982 --> 00:27:57,215 THAT GROWS IN THE BACK OF THE PROPERTY, 531 00:27:57,217 --> 00:27:59,217 AND IT'S HARD TO GET TO. 532 00:27:59,219 --> 00:28:04,456 AND FOR NO APPARENT REASON, JACK WILL TAKE CHARLIE BACK, 533 00:28:04,458 --> 00:28:05,957 LETS HIS FRIEND GRAZE. 534 00:28:05,959 --> 00:28:08,727 WHEN CHARLIE'S DONE, JACK LEADS HIM BACK. 535 00:28:08,729 --> 00:28:10,161 WHEN THEY ARE LEADING BACK, 536 00:28:10,163 --> 00:28:12,530 TYPICALLY THE GOAT WOULD BE FORAGING ALONG THE WAY HOME -- 537 00:28:12,532 --> 00:28:15,333 HE DOESN'T DO THAT; HE STAYS ON THE TRAIL. 538 00:28:15,335 --> 00:28:17,802 HE LINES HIMSELF UP IN FRONT OF HIS BUDDY, 539 00:28:17,804 --> 00:28:20,271 KEEPS CHARLIE WITHIN 10 OR 15 FEET OF HIM, 540 00:28:20,273 --> 00:28:22,607 AND BRINGS HIM HOME SLOWLY. 541 00:28:26,979 --> 00:28:29,948 CHARLIE CAN TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN JACK'S FOOTSTEPS 542 00:28:29,950 --> 00:28:31,649 AND THE OTHER HORSE OR PEOPLE. 543 00:28:34,053 --> 00:28:36,187 CHARLIE KNOWS THOSE FOOTSTEPS 544 00:28:36,189 --> 00:28:38,490 LIKE HIS OWN HEARTBEAT. 545 00:28:57,143 --> 00:28:59,444 ONCE CHARLIE KNOWS JACK HAS HIM ON THE TRAIL, 546 00:28:59,446 --> 00:29:01,579 YOU'LL NOTICE HE STOPS SWEEPING -- 547 00:29:01,581 --> 00:29:04,716 BECAUSE HE KNOWS JACK IS GOING TO LEAD HIM TO THIS AREA 548 00:29:04,718 --> 00:29:06,885 THAT CHARLIE IS MOST FAMILIAR WITH, 549 00:29:06,887 --> 00:29:09,054 AND THEN HE'S GOOD. 550 00:29:12,091 --> 00:29:14,592 WE SAY THAT HUMANS ARE THE ONLY ONES 551 00:29:14,594 --> 00:29:16,895 WITH THE INSTINCT OF COMPASSION. 552 00:29:16,897 --> 00:29:19,264 I SAY THAT'S WRONG. 553 00:29:19,266 --> 00:29:22,300 I SAY THAT SOME PEOPLE ARE MORE COMPASSIONATE THAN OTHERS, 554 00:29:22,302 --> 00:29:25,136 SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE COMPASSIONATE THAN OTHER ANIMALS 555 00:29:25,138 --> 00:29:27,172 BUT WE'RE ALL CAPABLE. 556 00:29:27,174 --> 00:29:31,009 WE ALL HAVE THE SAME INSTINCT TO BE COMPASSIONATE. 557 00:29:31,011 --> 00:29:33,678 JACK GETS NOTHING OUT OF THIS RELATIONSHIP. 558 00:29:33,680 --> 00:29:37,282 CHARLIE CAN NEITHER PROTECT HIM OR PROVIDE FOR HIM. 559 00:29:37,284 --> 00:29:40,785 SO, WHAT JACK HAS DONE IS, HE IS PROTECTING HIS FRIEND, 560 00:29:40,787 --> 00:29:42,687 PERIOD, END OF STORY. 561 00:29:45,091 --> 00:29:49,094 THERE IS NO CHARLIE WITHOUT JACK. 562 00:29:49,096 --> 00:29:51,296 ALL OF THE THINGS THAT A NORMAL, 563 00:29:51,298 --> 00:29:53,565 SIGHTED HORSE WOULD HAVE, HE HAS, 564 00:29:53,567 --> 00:29:56,501 BASED ON A RELATIONSHIP WITH AN OLD GOAT. 565 00:29:59,538 --> 00:30:02,674 Narrator: AFTER 16 YEARS WITH JACK, 566 00:30:02,676 --> 00:30:07,345 CHARLIE RECENTLY HAD HIS LAST MOMENT IN THE SUN AND DIED. 567 00:30:09,115 --> 00:30:12,650 JACK WALKED OUT TO HIS FRIEND AND PUT HIS HEAD DOWN. 568 00:30:12,652 --> 00:30:15,920 AND, UH, HE TURNED AROUND AND WENT HOME. 569 00:30:15,922 --> 00:30:18,556 UM, AND THE WAY HE WENT HOME SURPRISED ME. 570 00:30:18,558 --> 00:30:21,259 I KIND OF EXPECTED JACK TO HAVE AN EMOTIONAL REACTION, 571 00:30:21,261 --> 00:30:22,760 BUT HE REALLY DIDN'T. 572 00:30:22,762 --> 00:30:27,248 HE TURNED AROUND, AND HE HEADED BACK HOME DOWN THE TRAIL. 573 00:30:27,250 --> 00:30:28,900 AND WENT TO HIS FAVORITE PLACE TO BED DOWN AT NIGHT, 574 00:30:28,902 --> 00:30:31,252 AND HE WAS DONE. 575 00:30:33,289 --> 00:30:34,756 AT FIRST, I THOUGHT, 576 00:30:34,758 --> 00:30:36,257 WELL, MAYBE HE DOESN'T UNDERSTAND CHARLIE HAS GONE. 577 00:30:36,259 --> 00:30:37,759 BUT THEN I THOUGHT, 578 00:30:37,761 --> 00:30:41,379 WELL, HE'S NEVER LEFT HIS SIDE, 579 00:30:41,381 --> 00:30:44,766 AND SEEING CHARLIE LAYING DOWN LIKE THAT SHOULD ALARM JACK. 580 00:30:44,768 --> 00:30:46,768 BUT, IT DIDN'T ALARM HIM. 581 00:30:46,770 --> 00:30:48,853 HE JUST KIND OF WENT, "OKAY, OLD FRIEND, 582 00:30:48,855 --> 00:30:50,438 YOU KNOW, WE'RE DONE." 583 00:30:50,440 --> 00:30:53,892 AND VERY QUICKLY, HE'S GONE DOWNHILL. 584 00:31:04,570 --> 00:31:07,104 I DON'T WANT THIS LITTLE GOAT AND THIS LITTLE HORSE'S STORY 585 00:31:07,106 --> 00:31:08,606 TO PASS UNKNOWN. 586 00:31:08,608 --> 00:31:12,460 THE STIGMA WITH ANIMALS THAT THEY'RE JUST MUSCLE AND BONE 587 00:31:12,462 --> 00:31:14,996 AND ALL THEY CARE ABOUT IS FOOD -- 588 00:31:14,998 --> 00:31:16,948 I MEAN, WHO WOULD THINK THAT 589 00:31:16,950 --> 00:31:19,750 A GOAT WOULD TAKE UP WITH A BLIND HORSE 590 00:31:19,752 --> 00:31:23,771 AND SPEND YEARS DOING NOTHING EXCEPT BABYSITTING THIS ANIMAL 591 00:31:23,773 --> 00:31:27,775 JUST BECAUSE HE NEEDED HELP? 592 00:31:27,777 --> 00:31:30,812 THESE GUYS HAVE SO MUCH MORE TO THEM 593 00:31:30,814 --> 00:31:34,866 THAN WE GIVE THEM CREDIT FOR. 594 00:31:34,868 --> 00:31:36,901 WE BURIED CHARLIE IN A SPOT IN THE WOODS 595 00:31:36,903 --> 00:31:39,103 UNDER THE TREES WHERE THEY USED TO HANG OUT. 596 00:31:39,105 --> 00:31:40,989 AND YOU COULD GO THERE IN THE AFTERNOON, 597 00:31:40,991 --> 00:31:42,323 AND CHARLIE WOULD BE GRAZING, 598 00:31:42,325 --> 00:31:44,292 AND JACK WOULD BE LYING IN THE SUN, AND... 599 00:31:44,294 --> 00:31:45,960 THAT'S WHERE WE PUT CHARLIE, 600 00:31:45,962 --> 00:31:48,796 AND SOON JACK WILL JOIN HIS FRIEND RIGHT THERE. 601 00:31:57,806 --> 00:31:59,457 Grandin: I THINK GRIEVING, YOU KNOW, 602 00:31:59,459 --> 00:32:01,292 WHEN YOU LOSE A FRIEND, 603 00:32:01,294 --> 00:32:03,261 IT'S A FORM OF SEPARATION DISTRESS. 604 00:32:05,481 --> 00:32:07,899 THERE'S SOME BRAND NEW RESEARCH THAT SHOWS THAT 605 00:32:07,901 --> 00:32:09,567 PHYSIOLOGICALLY, THE PAIN CIRCUITS 606 00:32:09,569 --> 00:32:13,771 ACTUALLY GET INVOLVED IN EMOTIONAL PAIN. 607 00:32:13,773 --> 00:32:15,306 THERE'S BEEN BRAIN SCAN STUDIES 608 00:32:15,308 --> 00:32:17,242 WHERE THEY'VE PUT PEOPLE IN SCANNERS 609 00:32:17,244 --> 00:32:19,577 AND SHOW THEM PICTURES OF DEPARTED LOVED ONES, 610 00:32:19,579 --> 00:32:21,446 AND THE PAIN CIRCUITS ARE TURNING ON. 611 00:32:37,663 --> 00:32:40,782 Brent: WE ARE INTERESTED IN WHAT THEY PERCEIVE, 612 00:32:40,784 --> 00:32:42,817 AT LEAST WHEN IT COMES TO DEATH. 613 00:32:42,819 --> 00:32:45,119 SO, WE'VE DESIGNED AN EXPERIMENT WHERE 614 00:32:45,121 --> 00:32:49,407 I SHOW MONKEYS PICTURES OF THE FACES OF OTHER MONKEYS. 615 00:32:51,910 --> 00:32:53,778 MONKEY, LOOK LEFT. 616 00:32:53,780 --> 00:32:56,581 LOOK RIGHT. 617 00:32:56,583 --> 00:32:58,466 ON ONE SIDE OF THE APPARATUS, 618 00:32:58,468 --> 00:33:02,420 I'LL SHOW THEM THE PICTURE OF AN ANIMAL WHO'S IN THEIR GROUP, 619 00:33:02,422 --> 00:33:04,856 CURRENTLY ALIVE. 620 00:33:04,858 --> 00:33:06,724 AND THE OTHER SIDE OF THE APPARATUS, 621 00:33:06,726 --> 00:33:08,660 I'LL SHOW THEM A PICTURE OF AN ANIMAL 622 00:33:08,662 --> 00:33:10,795 RECENTLY IN THEIR GROUP, BUT WHO HAS DIED. 623 00:33:10,797 --> 00:33:14,649 AND I RECORD THEIR REACTION. 624 00:33:14,651 --> 00:33:17,502 AND IF THEY SPEND MORE TIME LOOKING AT THE DEAD INDIVIDUAL, 625 00:33:17,504 --> 00:33:19,070 POTENTIALLY THIS IS AN INDICATOR 626 00:33:19,072 --> 00:33:21,773 THAT AT LEAST IT'S SOMETHING THAT THEY FIND INTERESTING. 627 00:33:21,775 --> 00:33:24,575 WE WON'T BE ABLE TO SAY, "OH, IT'S A SIGN OF GRIEF," 628 00:33:24,577 --> 00:33:26,511 BUT AT LEAST IT'LL BE A FIRST STEP 629 00:33:26,513 --> 00:33:28,579 IN HAVING GOOD QUANTITATIVE EVIDENCE 630 00:33:28,581 --> 00:33:32,784 THAT THIS IS SOMETHING THAT THEY POTENTIALLY UNDERSTAND. 631 00:33:32,786 --> 00:33:35,320 Narrator: PROFESSOR BRENT'S FIELD RESEARCH 632 00:33:35,322 --> 00:33:37,455 ON GRIEF AMONG MACAQUES CONTINUES; 633 00:33:37,457 --> 00:33:39,190 THE RESULTS OF HER EXPERIMENTS 634 00:33:39,192 --> 00:33:42,293 HAVE YET TO BE TABULATED. 635 00:33:42,295 --> 00:33:45,346 Brent: CURRENTLY, WE DON'T ACTUALLY UNDERSTAND VERY MUCH 636 00:33:45,348 --> 00:33:47,665 IF ANYTHING ABOUT WHAT NON-HUMAN ANIMALS 637 00:33:47,667 --> 00:33:51,035 THINK ABOUT DEATH. 638 00:33:51,037 --> 00:33:55,573 WE CAN'T SAY WITH ANY CERTAINTY THAT NON-HUMAN ANIMALS GRIEVE. 639 00:33:59,010 --> 00:34:01,813 Bekoff: SOME PEOPLE LIKE TO THINK THAT 640 00:34:01,815 --> 00:34:04,315 WE ARE THE TEMPLATE AGAINST WHICH 641 00:34:04,317 --> 00:34:08,236 ALL OTHER ANIMALS SHOULD BE COMPARED. 642 00:34:08,238 --> 00:34:13,057 BUT WE DON'T REALLY HAVE EXCLUSIVITY ON EMOTIONS. 643 00:34:13,059 --> 00:34:16,227 WE HAVE JOY, OTHER ANIMALS HAVE JOY. 644 00:34:16,229 --> 00:34:18,796 WE HAVE DEEP GRIEF, OTHER ANIMALS HAVE DEEP GRIEF. 645 00:34:18,798 --> 00:34:22,032 OUR JOY MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE JOY OF A DOG, 646 00:34:22,034 --> 00:34:24,535 OR OUR GRIEF MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM 647 00:34:24,537 --> 00:34:27,055 THE GRIEF OF A DEEPLY GRIEVING GOAT 648 00:34:27,057 --> 00:34:28,973 WHO LOST THEIR HORSE FRIEND, 649 00:34:28,975 --> 00:34:31,476 OR AN ELEPHANT WHO LOST THEIR ELEPHANT FRIEND, 650 00:34:31,478 --> 00:34:33,761 BUT FROM THE FACT THAT IT'S DIFFERENT, 651 00:34:33,763 --> 00:34:37,565 IT DOESN'T MEAN IT'S LESS DEEP, IT'S JUST DIFFERENT. 652 00:34:50,896 --> 00:34:52,797 Narrator: AT THE MONKEYLAND 653 00:34:52,799 --> 00:34:55,733 PRIMATE SANCTUARY IN SOUTH AFRICA, 654 00:34:55,735 --> 00:34:58,569 SURPLUS ZOO ANIMALS AND ABANDONED PETS 655 00:34:58,571 --> 00:35:01,038 ARE OFFERED A NEW BEGINNING. 656 00:35:01,040 --> 00:35:03,708 KEEPERS HELP THEM GAIN THEIR NATURAL IDENTITIES 657 00:35:03,710 --> 00:35:07,011 IN A LARGE, PROTECTED HABITAT. 658 00:35:13,552 --> 00:35:15,486 Schauerte: OUR MAIN CONCERN WITH PRIMATES IS THAT 659 00:35:15,488 --> 00:35:17,255 THEY ARE STILL BOUGHT AS A PET. 660 00:35:17,257 --> 00:35:19,724 AND WE'VE SEEN IT WITH EXPERIENCE THAT MONKEYS 661 00:35:19,726 --> 00:35:22,360 DON'T MAKE GOOD PETS. 662 00:35:22,362 --> 00:35:25,196 THE BACKGROUND 663 00:35:25,198 --> 00:35:26,497 TO MOST OF OUR INDIVIDUAL MONKEYS 664 00:35:26,499 --> 00:35:27,732 AREN'T REALLY WELL KNOWN TO US, 665 00:35:27,734 --> 00:35:30,201 BECAUSE THE PEOPLE WHO BRING THE MONKEYS TO US 666 00:35:30,203 --> 00:35:32,970 ARE NOT REALLY KEEN TO ACTUALLY EXPLAIN THE SCENARIO 667 00:35:32,972 --> 00:35:34,972 PRIOR TO THEM BEING DROPPED OFF HERE. 668 00:35:39,678 --> 00:35:44,248 Narrator: ATLAS THE GIBBON WAS BORN IN A SOUTH AFRICAN ZOO. 669 00:35:44,250 --> 00:35:48,319 HE WAS ONLY TWO WHEN HIS FATHER BECAME VERY AGGRESSIVE WITH HIM 670 00:35:48,321 --> 00:35:52,657 AND THE ZOO WAS FORCED TO TAKE ATLAS AWAY FROM HIS FAMILY. 671 00:35:52,659 --> 00:35:54,859 AFTER 13 YEARS AT MONKEYLAND, 672 00:35:54,861 --> 00:35:57,762 HE IS STILL STRUGGLING TO FIT IN. 673 00:36:02,568 --> 00:36:05,837 ATLAS SPENT HIS FIRST FEW MONTHS HERE IN A PRE-RELEASE CAGE 674 00:36:05,839 --> 00:36:08,539 WITH TWO OTHER GIBBONS. 675 00:36:08,541 --> 00:36:11,943 THE KEEPERS HOPED HE WOULD BOND WITH MONKEYS THAT, 676 00:36:11,945 --> 00:36:15,947 ALTHOUGH DARKER IN COLOR, WERE OF HIS OWN KIND. 677 00:36:15,949 --> 00:36:18,449 INSTEAD, ATLAS SPENT MORE TIME 678 00:36:18,451 --> 00:36:21,752 FOCUSING HIS ATTENTION ON THE MONKEYS 679 00:36:21,754 --> 00:36:25,122 OUTSIDE THE ENCLOSURE. 680 00:36:25,124 --> 00:36:27,859 Schauerte: ALL THE MONKEYS THAT ACTUALLY LIVE IN MONKEYLAND 681 00:36:27,861 --> 00:36:29,126 ARE CURIOUS OF NEWCOMERS. 682 00:36:29,128 --> 00:36:30,328 SO, ANY NEW INDIVIDUAL 683 00:36:30,330 --> 00:36:32,830 THAT IS ACTUALLY RELEASED INTO THE PRE-RELEASE CAGE 684 00:36:32,832 --> 00:36:34,499 WILL BE VISITED BY, TYPICALLY, 685 00:36:34,501 --> 00:36:36,634 NEARLY EVERY SINGLE MONKEY IN THE FOREST, 686 00:36:36,636 --> 00:36:38,736 JUST TO SEE WHO THEY ARE. 687 00:36:38,738 --> 00:36:40,872 Narrator: ONE GROUP OF MONKEYS 688 00:36:40,874 --> 00:36:43,241 REALLY CAUGHT THE EYE OF YOUNG ATLAS. 689 00:36:45,911 --> 00:36:48,679 Schauerte: NORMALLY WE DON'T SEE MUCH INTERACTION 690 00:36:48,681 --> 00:36:51,883 BETWEEN SPECIES, BUT CAPUCHIN MONKEYS, 691 00:36:51,885 --> 00:36:53,751 WE NOTICED THAT, ESPECIALLY THE JUVENILES, 692 00:36:53,753 --> 00:36:56,888 WERE ENGAGING ON THE FENCING OR ON THE ROOF OF THE CAGE, 693 00:36:56,890 --> 00:36:59,323 WERE ENGAGING IN PLAYFUL ACTIVITIES WITH ATLAS. 694 00:37:02,361 --> 00:37:07,198 Narrator: WHEN IT CAME TIME TO BE RELEASED FROM THE CAGE, 695 00:37:07,200 --> 00:37:09,433 THE TWO OTHER GIBBONS BOUNDED OFF INTO THE FOREST, 696 00:37:09,435 --> 00:37:10,935 LEAVING ATLAS BEHIND. 697 00:37:10,937 --> 00:37:15,773 THAT'S WHEN ATLAS MADE AN UNEXPECTED DECISION. 698 00:37:15,775 --> 00:37:17,808 [ ATLAS CALLING ] 699 00:37:21,547 --> 00:37:23,047 HE JOINED THE CAPUCHINS, 700 00:37:23,049 --> 00:37:27,885 MAKING THEM HIS SURROGATE FAMILY. 701 00:37:27,887 --> 00:37:30,988 IN THE WILD, MALE GIBBONS 702 00:37:30,990 --> 00:37:32,823 ARE SUBSERVIENT TO FEMALES, 703 00:37:32,825 --> 00:37:35,293 AND EVEN THEIR OWN OFFSPRING. 704 00:37:35,295 --> 00:37:39,363 BUT FAMILY BONDS ARE TIGHT AND ENDURING. 705 00:37:39,365 --> 00:37:42,333 THE BONDS ATLAS HAS FORMED 706 00:37:42,335 --> 00:37:44,869 WITH THE CAPUCHINS, HOWEVER, ARE GENERAL AND FLEETING. 707 00:37:44,871 --> 00:37:47,505 HE ENGAGES THE PLAYFUL CURIOSITY 708 00:37:47,507 --> 00:37:50,174 OF THE JUVENILES UNTIL THEY GROW 709 00:37:50,176 --> 00:37:53,144 AND MOVE UP IN THE TROOP. 710 00:37:53,146 --> 00:37:55,379 THEN HE CONNECTS WITH THE NEXT GENERATION. 711 00:38:21,540 --> 00:38:24,141 Narrator: ATLAS WAITS WITH THE JUVENILES 712 00:38:24,143 --> 00:38:25,643 FOR HIS TURN TO EAT. 713 00:38:25,645 --> 00:38:27,144 THE CAPUCHINS TOLERATE ATLAS; 714 00:38:27,146 --> 00:38:31,082 HE'S A MISFIT. 715 00:38:31,084 --> 00:38:33,417 BUT EVEN AS A MARGINAL MEMBER OF THE TROOP, 716 00:38:33,419 --> 00:38:36,087 HE GAINS SOME FEELING OF COMPANIONSHIP. 717 00:39:08,620 --> 00:39:12,289 THE CONFINES OF THE SANCTUARY BRING TOGETHER MONKEYS 718 00:39:12,291 --> 00:39:14,692 THAT WOULD RARELY COME INTO CONTACT IN THE WILD. 719 00:39:14,694 --> 00:39:17,995 AND THEY ALL HAVE TO FIGURE OUT HOW TO GET ALONG. 720 00:39:20,666 --> 00:39:22,933 LARGER AND MORE AGGRESSIVE, 721 00:39:22,935 --> 00:39:27,271 VERVETS ARE THE CAPUCHINS' MAIN RIVALS FOR FOOD. 722 00:39:27,273 --> 00:39:30,007 THE YOUNG CAPUCHINS VALUE ATLAS 723 00:39:30,009 --> 00:39:31,942 AS A PROTECTIVE ALLY. 724 00:39:34,813 --> 00:39:37,248 HE GUARDS THEM AS THEY FEED, DRIVING OFF 725 00:39:37,250 --> 00:39:38,949 THE COMPETITION. 726 00:41:03,001 --> 00:41:05,202 Narrator: DESPITE HIS EFFORTS, 727 00:41:05,204 --> 00:41:08,572 ATLAS SEEMS DESTINED TO LEAD A SOLITARY LIFE. 728 00:41:11,943 --> 00:41:14,145 MOST GIBBONS DO NOWADAYS, 729 00:41:14,147 --> 00:41:17,481 BECAUSE THEIR SPECIES IS ENDANGERED. 730 00:41:17,483 --> 00:41:20,151 Schauerte: ANIMALS DON'T ALWAYS FIND THE RIGHT PARTNER 731 00:41:20,153 --> 00:41:21,652 AT THE RIGHT TIME, 732 00:41:21,654 --> 00:41:23,921 ESPECIALLY NOWADAYS WITH DEFORESTATION 733 00:41:23,923 --> 00:41:25,790 BEING A BIG ISSUE IN THE WILD. 734 00:41:25,792 --> 00:41:28,659 SO, THEY MAY BE SPENDING MONTHS OR EVEN YEARS ALONE 735 00:41:28,661 --> 00:41:30,561 WITHOUT THE BECK CALL OF FEMALE 736 00:41:30,563 --> 00:41:32,930 THAT WOULD ACTUALLY PARTNER UP WITH THEM. 737 00:41:32,932 --> 00:41:34,431 [ CALLING ] 738 00:41:34,433 --> 00:41:37,401 [ ATLAS'S CALLS ECHO AND FADE ] 739 00:41:40,972 --> 00:41:44,675 Bekoff: MANY ANIMALS HAVE A VERY STRONG SOCIAL DRIVE. 740 00:41:44,677 --> 00:41:48,562 IT'S ALMOST AN INSTINCT TO BE WITH OTHER ANIMALS. 741 00:41:48,564 --> 00:41:51,649 AND YOU'LL FIND VARIATION WITHIN SPECIES, 742 00:41:51,651 --> 00:41:54,985 BUT REALLY MOST INDIVIDUALS OF SOCIAL SPECIES 743 00:41:54,987 --> 00:41:57,855 HAVE THIS INNATE DRIVE TO HAVE FRIENDS 744 00:41:57,857 --> 00:42:00,024 AND TO BE PART OF A GROUP. 745 00:42:03,328 --> 00:42:05,663 SOME OF THE CROSS-SPECIES RELATIONSHIPS 746 00:42:05,665 --> 00:42:08,532 ARE REALLY AMONG ODD COUPLES, IF YOU WILL. 747 00:42:15,740 --> 00:42:22,112 Narrator: SOMETIMES, ANIMAL ATTRACTION IS A MYSTERY. 748 00:42:27,953 --> 00:42:31,788 THIS 45-YEAR-OLD FEMALE ALDABRA TORTOISE 749 00:42:31,790 --> 00:42:36,644 WAS CHOSEN BY AN UNLIKELY SUITOR, A MALE BRANT GOOSE. 750 00:42:36,646 --> 00:42:39,980 THE GOOSE FOLLOWS THE TORTOISE EVERYWHERE, 751 00:42:39,982 --> 00:42:43,734 AND WARY BE THE ONE WHO GETS TOO CLOSE TO HER. 752 00:42:45,303 --> 00:42:48,072 [ HONKING ] 753 00:42:51,076 --> 00:42:54,495 BRANT GEESE MATE FOR LIFE, 754 00:42:54,497 --> 00:42:58,315 AND IN THE TORTOISE, OUR GOOSE HAS FOUND A ROCK STEADY PARTNER, 755 00:42:58,317 --> 00:43:02,453 BUT WHAT DOES THE TORTOISE GET OUT OF IT? 756 00:43:02,455 --> 00:43:05,205 WELL, SHE GETS A PROTECTOR, A COMPANION, 757 00:43:05,207 --> 00:43:07,958 AND A COVETED SPACE 758 00:43:07,960 --> 00:43:10,628 AT THE ALL-YOU-CAN-EAT SALAD BAR. 759 00:43:16,585 --> 00:43:19,370 [ HONKING ] 760 00:43:24,759 --> 00:43:28,345 THE TORTOISE IS ENTIRELY CAPABLE OF REBUFFING HIS ATTENTIONS, 761 00:43:28,347 --> 00:43:31,599 BUT SHE ACCEPTS THEM. 762 00:43:33,768 --> 00:43:36,387 THEY'VE BEEN TOGETHER FOR OVER FOUR YEARS, 763 00:43:36,389 --> 00:43:39,440 AND THEIR KEEPERS HAVE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING LIKE IT. 764 00:43:39,442 --> 00:43:42,426 Brent: WHEN IT COMES TO FORMING 765 00:43:42,428 --> 00:43:46,363 THESE COMPLICATED RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHERS, 766 00:43:46,365 --> 00:43:47,932 I THINK WE HAVE TO ADMIT THAT 767 00:43:47,934 --> 00:43:50,067 WE'RE NOT THE ONLY ONES THAT DO THAT, 768 00:43:50,069 --> 00:43:52,369 AND THAT OTHER ANIMALS HAVE FRIENDS, TOO, 769 00:43:52,371 --> 00:43:54,738 AND POTENTIALLY EVOLVED THAT TRAIT 770 00:43:54,740 --> 00:43:57,308 FOR THE SAME REASON THAT WE DID. 771 00:43:57,310 --> 00:43:58,809 THIS INCREDIBLY COMPLICATED, 772 00:43:58,811 --> 00:44:01,712 TIME CONSUMING, SOMETIMES PAINFUL, THING THAT WE DO -- 773 00:44:01,714 --> 00:44:04,414 GETTING A RELATIONSHIP WITH ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL -- 774 00:44:04,416 --> 00:44:08,285 IS NECESSARY FOR OUR SURVIVAL. 775 00:44:08,287 --> 00:44:13,057 Bekoff: GOOD SCIENTISTS ARE REALLY TAPPING INTO STORIES 776 00:44:13,059 --> 00:44:16,760 AND THEN DOING MORE SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH. 777 00:44:16,762 --> 00:44:18,178 IT'S GOING TO BE SLOW, 778 00:44:18,180 --> 00:44:21,265 BECAUSE SCIENTISTS WE'RE VERY SLOW TO ACCEPT THAT 779 00:44:21,267 --> 00:44:22,883 DOGS HAD EMOTIONS. 780 00:44:22,885 --> 00:44:25,269 SO, THEY'RE GOING TO BE MORE RELUCTANT 781 00:44:25,271 --> 00:44:28,238 TO THINK ABOUT HIPPOS AND TORTOISES, 782 00:44:28,240 --> 00:44:30,607 OR, SAY, CHEETAHS AND DOGS. 783 00:44:30,609 --> 00:44:33,143 BUT I THINK WITH THIS HEIGHTENED INTEREST 784 00:44:33,145 --> 00:44:34,995 IN UNLIKELY FRIENDSHIPS, 785 00:44:34,997 --> 00:44:38,365 YOU'RE GOING TO SEE A LOT MORE REPORTS OF IT 786 00:44:38,367 --> 00:44:41,669 FROM CREDIBLE FIELD BIOLOGISTS. 787 00:44:41,671 --> 00:44:44,288 Narrator: THE RELATIONSHIPS WE'VE SEEN 788 00:44:44,290 --> 00:44:47,858 BETWEEN ANIMALS DRAWN TOGETHER ACROSS THE SPECIES DIVIDE 789 00:44:47,860 --> 00:44:50,728 SHOW ELEMENTS OF WHAT WE CALL FRIENDSHIP -- 790 00:44:50,730 --> 00:44:52,696 COMMUNICATION, TRUST, 791 00:44:52,698 --> 00:44:56,033 COMPASSION, EVEN ALTRUISM. 792 00:44:56,035 --> 00:44:58,719 BUT THESE PARTNERSHIPS ARE BETWEEN DOMESTICATED ANIMALS, 793 00:44:58,721 --> 00:45:04,308 OR HAVE BEEN FOSTERED IN SOME WAY BY HUMANS. 794 00:45:04,310 --> 00:45:06,143 WOULD AN ANIMAL IN THE WILD 795 00:45:06,145 --> 00:45:08,746 FEEL COMPELLED TO BUILD A FRIENDSHIP 796 00:45:08,748 --> 00:45:11,382 WITH ANOTHER FROM A DIFFERENT SPECIES? 797 00:45:33,505 --> 00:45:36,123 Woman: IT WAS EITHER THE NEXT DAY OR THE DAY AFTER, 798 00:45:36,125 --> 00:45:38,375 I CAN'T QUITE REMEMBER, WE STARTED HEARING 799 00:45:38,377 --> 00:45:40,077 THE CALLING. 800 00:45:40,079 --> 00:45:41,428 [ ANIMAL CRYING ] 801 00:45:41,430 --> 00:45:44,047 THE BABY SCREAMING, AND THEY SOUND LIKE A BABY. 802 00:45:44,049 --> 00:45:45,549 THEY SOUND LIKE A CHILD. 803 00:45:45,551 --> 00:45:48,718 AND WE COULD HEAR IT, WE DIDN'T KNOW WHAT IT WAS. 804 00:45:48,720 --> 00:45:50,654 SO WE WENT OUT TO INVESTIGATE, 805 00:45:50,656 --> 00:45:54,758 AND WE COULDN'T SEE ANYTHING, BUT WE COULD HEAR IT. 806 00:45:54,760 --> 00:45:56,944 AND THIS WENT ON 807 00:45:56,946 --> 00:45:58,929 FOR THREE DAYS. 808 00:45:58,931 --> 00:46:01,431 IT WAS WANDERING AROUND, CRYING AND CRYING. 809 00:46:01,433 --> 00:46:05,268 AND WE REALIZED THAT THE MOM HAD DESERTED IT. 810 00:46:05,270 --> 00:46:07,104 EVENTUALLY IT GOT TO THE POINT WHERE WE THOUGHT, YOU KNOW, 811 00:46:07,106 --> 00:46:08,455 IT'S REALLY HOT OUT, 812 00:46:08,457 --> 00:46:09,957 SHE'S IN THE MIDDLE OF THE PADDOCK 813 00:46:09,959 --> 00:46:11,291 CRYING HER LITTLE EYES OUT. 814 00:46:11,293 --> 00:46:13,544 SO WE WENT OUT AND BROUGHT HER IN THE HOUSE, 815 00:46:13,546 --> 00:46:15,913 AND THAT WAS THAT. 816 00:46:21,519 --> 00:46:23,687 KATE INSTANTLY TOOK TO THE FAWN. 817 00:46:23,689 --> 00:46:27,291 SHE ACTED AS IF THIS WAS WHAT SHE HAD ALWAYS BEEN WAITING FOR. 818 00:46:27,293 --> 00:46:31,428 IT WAS AS IF A NEW MOM HAD STEPPED IN, 819 00:46:31,430 --> 00:46:33,464 AND THE FAWN INSTANTLY BRIGHTENED UP. 820 00:46:33,466 --> 00:46:37,601 AND IT JUST WENT UP FROM THERE. 821 00:46:38,036 --> 00:46:40,404 KATE WAS AMAZING. 822 00:46:40,406 --> 00:46:42,506 SHE WAS SO PATIENT. 823 00:46:42,508 --> 00:46:44,641 I WAS A LITTLE WORRIED BECAUSE THE FAWN WAS SO ROUGH 824 00:46:44,643 --> 00:46:46,477 SUCKLING ON HER, AND THERE'S NO MILK, 825 00:46:46,479 --> 00:46:48,212 SO SHE KEPT BOOTING HER, YOU KNOW, 826 00:46:48,214 --> 00:46:49,913 HOW THEY DO THAT WITH THEIR HEAD. 827 00:46:49,915 --> 00:46:51,315 SHE NEVER RAISED A LIP. 828 00:46:51,317 --> 00:46:53,884 SHE NEVER GROWLED, SHE NEVER DID ANYTHING. 829 00:46:53,886 --> 00:46:55,352 GOOD DOG! 830 00:46:55,354 --> 00:46:56,854 KATE JUST SEEMED TO KNOW 831 00:46:56,856 --> 00:46:59,189 THAT THIS LITTLE ANIMAL NEEDED LOOKING AFTER. 832 00:47:05,763 --> 00:47:07,965 SHE USED TO TAKE HER AROUND THE EDGE OF THE LAWN 833 00:47:07,967 --> 00:47:10,100 QUITE A BIT, AND INTO THE FOREST A LITTLE BIT, 834 00:47:10,102 --> 00:47:11,802 BUT NOT TOO FAR. 835 00:47:11,804 --> 00:47:14,004 SO I'M NOT SURE IF SHE WAS TEACHING HER BOUNDARIES OR NOT, 836 00:47:14,006 --> 00:47:15,506 BUT IT LOOKED LIKE IT. 837 00:47:15,508 --> 00:47:20,377 SHE WOULD WALK AROUND SNIFFING AS IF SHE WAS GRAZING. 838 00:47:20,379 --> 00:47:22,045 AND PIP WOULD BE RIGHT BESIDE HER GRAZING. 839 00:47:22,047 --> 00:47:23,847 BUT I DON'T KNOW WHETHER KATE KNEW THAT SHE WAS 840 00:47:23,849 --> 00:47:26,416 TEACHING HER SOMETHING, BUT SHE DID. 841 00:47:28,620 --> 00:47:31,421 YOU KNOW, I DON'T BELIEVE IN MAKING THEM INTO PETS. 842 00:47:31,423 --> 00:47:34,308 WE WERE JUST TRYING TO SAVE HER LIFE. 843 00:47:34,310 --> 00:47:36,827 I DIDN'T WANT TO BE PICKING HER UP AND CUDDLING HER, 844 00:47:36,829 --> 00:47:38,762 OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT -- SHE'S A DEER. 845 00:47:38,764 --> 00:47:41,031 AND I WANTED HER TO LIVE A DEER'S LIFE. 846 00:47:47,172 --> 00:47:49,740 AFTER ABOUT TWO WEEKS, SHE WANTED TO BE OUTSIDE 847 00:47:49,742 --> 00:47:51,141 AND SLEEPING IN THE WOODS, 848 00:47:51,143 --> 00:47:54,011 AND THAT'S THE WAY IT WENT. 849 00:47:54,013 --> 00:47:56,146 AND IT WAS MORTIFYING, 850 00:47:56,148 --> 00:47:58,849 YOU KNOW, THINKING THAT SHE WAS SLEEPING OUT IN THE WOODS, 851 00:47:58,851 --> 00:48:00,984 ALL ON HER OWN -- BUT THAT'S WHAT DEER DO. 852 00:48:00,986 --> 00:48:03,787 THEY HIDE THEIR BABIES FOR 12 HOURS AND GO OFF, 853 00:48:03,789 --> 00:48:05,422 AND DO WHATEVER. 854 00:48:05,424 --> 00:48:08,358 AND THE BABY HAS A SUCKLE, AND THEN THE MOM'S GONE AGAIN. 855 00:48:08,360 --> 00:48:12,362 SHE'D SLEEP IN THE WOODS FOR HOURS, 856 00:48:12,364 --> 00:48:14,031 AND THEN KATE WOULD GO AND FIND HER. 857 00:48:14,033 --> 00:48:15,566 SHE'D COME IN AND HAVE HER MEAL, 858 00:48:15,568 --> 00:48:17,334 AND THEY'D PLAY FOR A FEW MINUTES, 859 00:48:17,336 --> 00:48:20,037 AND THEN SHE'D GO TO SLEEP AGAIN, JUST LIKE ALL BABIES -- 860 00:48:20,039 --> 00:48:23,941 YOU KNOW, PLAY, EAT, SLEEP. 861 00:48:27,212 --> 00:48:31,748 Narrator: AS THE MONTHS PASSED, PIP GREW BY LEAPS AND BOUNDS. 862 00:48:31,750 --> 00:48:34,284 AND SHE BEGAN TO STAY AWAY FOR DAYS AT A TIME. 863 00:48:34,286 --> 00:48:39,156 KATE KEPT A CONSTANT VIGIL FOR HER FRIEND. 864 00:48:49,767 --> 00:48:51,368 Springett: WHEN THEY GREET EACH OTHER, 865 00:48:51,370 --> 00:48:52,803 I'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING LIKE IT. 866 00:48:52,805 --> 00:48:55,205 IT'S NOT A DEER GREETING A DEER, IT'S NOT A DOG GREETING A DOG. 867 00:48:55,207 --> 00:48:57,040 IT'S DEFINITELY 868 00:48:57,042 --> 00:48:59,843 SOMETHING THAT THEY HAVE BETWEEN THE TWO OF THEM. 869 00:48:59,845 --> 00:49:01,778 I THINK THE THING THAT SURPRISED ME MOST 870 00:49:01,780 --> 00:49:04,481 WAS WHEN THEY STARTED TO PLAY. 871 00:49:04,483 --> 00:49:05,916 [ LAUGHING ] 872 00:49:20,665 --> 00:49:22,866 I'VE SEEN THEM BE VERY LOVING TO EACH OTHER, 873 00:49:22,868 --> 00:49:24,101 LIKE LAYING ON THE GRASS 874 00:49:24,103 --> 00:49:26,203 AND CURLING THEIR NECKS AROUND EACH OTHER, 875 00:49:26,205 --> 00:49:27,871 AND JUST RESTING ON EACH OTHER. 876 00:49:27,873 --> 00:49:30,340 AND TO ME, IT LOOKS LIKE A LOVING FRIENDSHIP. 877 00:49:30,342 --> 00:49:34,144 PIP HAS DONE A REALLY GOOD JOB OF FOLLOWING HER INSTINCTS 878 00:49:34,146 --> 00:49:36,730 AND NOT BECOMING TOO, UH, HUMANIZED. 879 00:49:36,732 --> 00:49:38,482 OTHER DOGS SOMETIMES COME AROUND 880 00:49:38,484 --> 00:49:40,684 AND SHE DOESN'T REACT TO THEM AT ALL. 881 00:49:40,686 --> 00:49:42,185 SHE DOESN'T COME NEAR THEM. 882 00:49:42,187 --> 00:49:45,222 IT'S ONLY KATE THAT SHE IS ATTACHED TO. 883 00:49:45,224 --> 00:49:49,059 Narrator: WHEN SHE'S NOT WITH KATE, 884 00:49:49,061 --> 00:49:53,964 PIP MERGES INTO THE HERD OF DEER THAT GRAZE ON ISOBEL'S PROPERTY. 885 00:49:56,434 --> 00:49:59,202 Springett: IT'S AMAZING THAT SHE HAS A HUGE COMMUNITY 886 00:49:59,204 --> 00:50:00,704 THAT SHE'S WITH, OF DEER, 887 00:50:00,706 --> 00:50:03,557 AND SHE LEAVES THAT COMMUNITY AND COMES TO SEE KATE, 888 00:50:03,559 --> 00:50:05,408 I THINK IS REALLY COOL. 889 00:50:05,410 --> 00:50:07,243 I THINK THAT'S AMAZING, 890 00:50:07,245 --> 00:50:09,313 AND I THINK THAT SPEAKS A LOT FOR ANIMALS -- 891 00:50:09,315 --> 00:50:10,647 NOT NECESSARILY INTELLIGENCE, 892 00:50:10,649 --> 00:50:13,317 BUT THAT WE DON'T GIVE THEM ENOUGH CREDIT 893 00:50:13,319 --> 00:50:15,919 FOR HOW MUCH THEY ABSORB IN THEIR LIVES, 894 00:50:15,921 --> 00:50:19,423 HOW MUCH INFORMATION THEY TAKE IN AND STORE AND THEY USE. 895 00:50:23,695 --> 00:50:26,029 I THINK WE COULD BE GONE FOR YEARS AND COME BACK 896 00:50:26,031 --> 00:50:28,432 AND PIP WOULD STILL KNOW WHO KATE WAS. 897 00:50:28,434 --> 00:50:30,717 WHEN WE'RE IN THE WOODS, SHE'LL OFTEN BE LOOKING FOR HER. 898 00:50:30,719 --> 00:50:32,803 AND THEN WHEN SHE SEES HER, SHE'S HAPPY TO SEE HER, 899 00:50:32,805 --> 00:50:34,805 YOU KNOW -- THE WHOLE TAIL STARTS GOING, YOU KNOW. 900 00:50:46,534 --> 00:50:48,618 THREE TIMES NOW, SHE HAS HAD HER FAWNS 901 00:50:48,620 --> 00:50:50,570 WITHIN A HUNDRED FEET OF THE HOUSE, 902 00:50:50,572 --> 00:50:52,422 AND I THINK THAT SHE FEELS THAT 903 00:50:52,424 --> 00:50:54,858 SHE'S GETTING SOME PROTECTION FROM KATE. 904 00:50:58,329 --> 00:51:00,063 WHEN IT FIRST STARTED OUT, 905 00:51:00,065 --> 00:51:03,333 THERE WAS A LOT OF KATE LOOKING FOR PIPPEN. 906 00:51:03,335 --> 00:51:05,135 SHE WOULD GO OFF INTO THE WOODS 907 00:51:05,137 --> 00:51:07,371 AND LOOK FOR WHERE SHE WAS SLEEPING, 908 00:51:07,373 --> 00:51:09,740 AND WAS SO THRILLED WHEN SHE WOULD FIND HER 909 00:51:09,742 --> 00:51:12,008 AND WOULD BRING HER BACK FOR HER FEEDING. 910 00:51:12,010 --> 00:51:14,845 AND THAT WAS WHEN THERE REALLY WAS A LOT OF INVESTMENT 911 00:51:14,847 --> 00:51:17,397 BY KATE IN PIPPEN. 912 00:51:19,567 --> 00:51:22,018 NOW, PIP COMES BACK TO FIND KATE. 913 00:51:24,072 --> 00:51:27,574 SO, I THINK THAT SPEAKS A HUGE AMOUNT TO ANIMAL RELATIONSHIPS. 914 00:51:30,361 --> 00:51:33,163 AND I THINK THAT'S THE BEAUTIFUL THING THEY CAN TEACH US, 915 00:51:33,165 --> 00:51:35,415 IS THAT IT DOESN'T MATTER WHAT YOU LOOK LIKE, 916 00:51:35,417 --> 00:51:37,584 IT DOESN'T MATTER WHAT SPECIES YOU ARE. 917 00:51:37,586 --> 00:51:39,202 WE'RE ALL FROM THE SAME PLANET. 918 00:51:39,204 --> 00:51:42,205 WE ALL NEED BASICALLY THE SAME THINGS. 919 00:51:42,207 --> 00:51:47,010 WHY NOT A DOG AND A DEER? 920 00:51:47,012 --> 00:51:48,912 WHY NOT? 921 00:52:42,733 --> 00:52:46,369 TO LEARN MORE ABOUT WHAT YOU'VE SEEN ON THIS "NATURE" PROGRAM, 922 00:52:46,371 --> 00:52:48,438 VISIT pbs.org. 80996

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