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00:00:02,870 --> 00:00:04,405
{\an7}SOUTH CAROLINA...
2
00:00:04,438 --> 00:00:07,174
{\an7}IT MAY BE THE SMALLEST STATE
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE SOUTH,
3
00:00:07,207 --> 00:00:11,078
{\an7}\hBUT IT‘S PLAYED A GIANT ROLE
IN THE HISTORY OF THE NATION.
4
00:00:11,111 --> 00:00:14,715
{\an7}\hIT WAS HERE WHERE EUROPEAN
SETTLERS AND AFRICAN SLAVES
5
00:00:14,748 --> 00:00:18,452
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTURNED MARSHES
INTO FORTUNES OF RICE...
6
00:00:18,485 --> 00:00:21,288
{\an7}WHERE THE FIRST SHOTS OF
THE CIVIL WAR WERE FIRED
7
00:00:21,321 --> 00:00:23,290
{\an7}AND WHERE NEW INDUSTRY
\h\h\hHAS TRANSFORMED
8
00:00:23,323 --> 00:00:28,962
{\an7}\h\h\h\hA SMALL NORTHERN TOWN
INTO THE DETROIT OF THE SOUTH.
9
00:00:28,996 --> 00:00:32,233
{\an7}\h\hAERIAL SOUTH CAROLINA
JOURNEYS ACROSS LANDMARKS
10
00:00:32,266 --> 00:00:34,101
{\an7}OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR
11
00:00:34,134 --> 00:00:36,837
{\an7}THROUGH A VAST CYPRESS SWAMP
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT ONCE WAS
12
00:00:36,870 --> 00:00:40,774
{\an7}THE REFUGE OF A FAMOUS AMERICAN
FREEDOM FIGHTER...
13
00:00:40,807 --> 00:00:42,409
{\an7}AND DOWN THE COLORFUL STREETS
14
00:00:42,442 --> 00:00:45,912
{\an7}OF WHAT MAY BE THE MOST ELEGANT
CITY IN THE NATION...
15
00:00:45,946 --> 00:00:50,517
{\an7}\h\hTO EXPLORE THE TRUE SPIRIT
AND RICH HISTORY OF THE SOUTH.
16
00:00:54,555 --> 00:00:56,690
{\an7}FROM A STUNNING COASTLINE
17
00:00:56,723 --> 00:00:59,693
{\an7}WHERE HURRICANES STRIKE
\h\h\hWITH DEADLY FORCE
18
00:00:59,726 --> 00:01:02,729
{\an7}TO A LITTLE-KNOWN ISLAND
THAT TURNS NEW RECRUITS
19
00:01:02,763 --> 00:01:05,566
{\an7}INTO AMERICA‘S MARINES.
20
00:01:08,135 --> 00:01:11,538
{\an7}THIS IS SOUTH CAROLINA.
21
00:01:48,008 --> 00:01:50,878
{\an7}THE COAST OF SOUTH CAROLINA
\h\hIS ONE OF THE MOST LOVED
22
00:01:50,911 --> 00:01:53,447
{\an7}ON THE EASTERN SEABOARD.
23
00:01:53,480 --> 00:01:57,851
{\an7}BUT IT WASN‘T ALWAYS THIS WAY...
24
00:01:57,884 --> 00:02:02,055
{\an7}IN 1562, 27 FRENCH SAILORS
\h\hWERE DROPPED OFF HERE
25
00:02:02,089 --> 00:02:04,491
{\an7}WITH ORDERS TO START A COLONY.
26
00:02:04,524 --> 00:02:08,728
{\an7}\h\hBUT LIFE WAS DIFFICULT
AND FOOD SUPPLIES SCARCE.
27
00:02:08,762 --> 00:02:11,798
{\an7}SO THE SETTLERS ATTEMPTED
\h\hTO FLEE BACK TO FRANCE
28
00:02:11,832 --> 00:02:13,701
{\an7}ON A HOMEMADE SHIP.
29
00:02:13,734 --> 00:02:17,404
{\an7}\hIT WAS A HORRIFIC JOURNEY ON
WHICH MANY OF THE MEN PERISHED
30
00:02:17,437 --> 00:02:21,308
{\an7}\hAND OTHERS RESORTED TO
CANNIBALISM TO SURVIVE.
31
00:02:27,014 --> 00:02:29,483
{\an7}THE BRITISH HAD MORE SUCCESS.
32
00:02:29,516 --> 00:02:32,452
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN 1670,
ENGLAND‘S KING CHARLES II
33
00:02:32,486 --> 00:02:36,590
{\an7}GIFTED THE LAND OF THE CAROLINAS
TO EIGHT OF HIS NOBLEMEN.
34
00:02:36,623 --> 00:02:40,293
{\an7}SOON A GROUP OF ENGLISH SETTLERS
ARRIVED ON A STORM-TOSSED SHIP
35
00:02:40,327 --> 00:02:44,164
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hCAROLINA
TO START A COLONY HERE.
36
00:02:44,197 --> 00:02:47,000
{\an7}\hTHEY NAMED THEIR FIRST
SETTLEMENT CHARLESTOWN,
37
00:02:47,034 --> 00:02:48,702
{\an7}AFTER THEIR KING.
38
00:02:57,811 --> 00:02:59,279
{\an7}WRITER PAT CONROY HAS SAID
39
00:02:59,312 --> 00:03:03,216
{\an7}THAT CHARLESTON IS A FEAST
\h\h\h\hFOR THE HUMAN EYE,
40
00:03:03,250 --> 00:03:05,686
{\an7}BUT ALSO A DARK CITY
\h\h\h\hWITH SECRETS
41
00:03:05,719 --> 00:03:09,323
{\an7}AS POWERFUL AND BEGUILING
\h\h\h\h\hAS ITS ELEGANCE.
42
00:03:16,563 --> 00:03:19,766
{\an7}\h\hCHARLESTON MAY BE
AN ELEGANT CITY TODAY,
43
00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:21,935
{\an7}BUT IT HASN‘T ALWAYS BEEN.
44
00:03:21,968 --> 00:03:26,072
{\an7}IN 1923, WHILE WORKING ON
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hRUNNIN‘ WILD,
45
00:03:26,106 --> 00:03:28,241
{\an7}COMPOSER AND PIANIST
\h\hJAMES P. JOHNSON
46
00:03:28,275 --> 00:03:34,248
{\an7}MADE CHARLESTON A HOUSEHOLD NAME
AROUND THE WORLD.
47
00:03:34,281 --> 00:03:36,917
{\an7}THE CHARLESTON WAS ONE OF
THE DEFINITIVE DANCE TUNES
48
00:03:36,950 --> 00:03:39,753
{\an7}OF THE 1920s.
49
00:03:39,786 --> 00:03:41,154
{\an7}BUT AT THE TIME,
50
00:03:41,188 --> 00:03:45,559
{\an7}THE CITY WAS ALREADY SHOWING
\h\h\h\h\hSIGNS OF ITS AGE.
51
00:03:45,592 --> 00:03:48,228
{\an7}MANY 18th CENTURY BUILDINGS,
\h\h\h\h\h\hINCLUDING THESE,
52
00:03:48,261 --> 00:03:49,596
{\an7}WHICH STOOD IN THE HEART OF
53
00:03:49,629 --> 00:03:52,031
{\an7}CHARLESTON‘S FORMER
COMMERCIAL DISTRICT,
54
00:03:52,065 --> 00:03:55,735
{\an7}WERE FALLING INTO DISREPAIR.
55
00:03:55,769 --> 00:03:59,106
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAFTER THE CIVIL WAR,
PLANTATION PROFITS PLUMMETED,
56
00:03:59,139 --> 00:04:01,508
{\an7}AND MANY WEALTHY LANDOWNERS
\h\h\h\h\h\hHAD A HARD TIME
57
00:04:01,541 --> 00:04:04,577
{\an7}MAINTAINING THEIR PROPERTIES.
58
00:04:04,611 --> 00:04:08,982
{\an7}\h\hAS A LOCAL SAYING GOES, THE
OWNERS BECAME TOO POOR TO PAINT,
59
00:04:09,015 --> 00:04:11,518
{\an7}BUT TOO PROUD TO WHITEWASH.
60
00:04:13,386 --> 00:04:17,223
{\an7}IN THE 1930s, A PRESERVATIONIST
NAMED DOROTHY LEGGE
61
00:04:17,257 --> 00:04:19,960
{\an7}WANTED TO SEE IF SHE COULD
\h\h\hTURN THINGS AROUND.
62
00:04:19,993 --> 00:04:23,263
{\an7}SHE BEGAN RESTORING TWO OF THESE
HISTORIC BUILDINGS,
63
00:04:23,296 --> 00:04:26,366
{\an7}WHICH DATE FROM THE 1700s.
64
00:04:26,399 --> 00:04:29,836
{\an7}SOON, OTHERS FOLLOWED.
65
00:04:29,870 --> 00:04:31,672
{\an7}\h\hTHE OWNERS DECIDED
TO PAINT THEIR HOUSES
66
00:04:31,705 --> 00:04:34,508
{\an7}THE COLORS OF THE RAINBOW
\h\hTO HELP DRAW ATTENTION
67
00:04:34,541 --> 00:04:38,979
{\an7}\hTO CHARLESTON‘S RICH
ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY.
68
00:04:39,012 --> 00:04:42,716
{\an7}TODAY, THESE ICONIC BUILDINGS
\h\hARE KNOWN AROUND THE WORLD
69
00:04:42,749 --> 00:04:45,352
{\an7}AS RAINBOW ROW.
70
00:04:45,385 --> 00:04:48,421
{\an7}FROM ITS EARLIEST DAYS,
\hCHARLESTON‘S HISTORY,
71
00:04:48,455 --> 00:04:51,525
{\an7}AND MANY OF ITS RESIDENTS,
HAVE BEEN JUST AS COLORFUL
72
00:04:51,558 --> 00:04:53,393
{\an7}AS ITS STREETS.
73
00:04:57,931 --> 00:05:00,400
{\an7}CHARLESTON‘S LOCATION,
\hSURROUNDED BY WATER
74
00:05:00,433 --> 00:05:03,336
{\an7}AT THE MOUTHS OF THE ASHLEY
\h\h\h\h\hAND COOPER RIVERS,
75
00:05:03,370 --> 00:05:06,373
{\an7}MADE THE CITY AND ITS PORT
\hPARTICULARLY VULNERABLE
76
00:05:06,406 --> 00:05:09,042
{\an7}TO INVADERS FROM THE ATLANTIC.
77
00:05:10,443 --> 00:05:13,813
{\an7}\h\hIN THE EARLY 1700s,
THE INFAMOUS BLACKBEARD
78
00:05:13,847 --> 00:05:16,416
{\an7}PLUNDERED VESSELS ANCHORED
\h\hIN CHARLESTON HARBOR,
79
00:05:16,449 --> 00:05:20,253
{\an7}HOLDING THEIR CARGO AND
\hPASSENGERS FOR RANSOM.
80
00:05:20,287 --> 00:05:23,257
{\an7}BLACKBEARD ESCAPED CAPTURE
\h\h\h\hIN SOUTH CAROLINA,
81
00:05:23,290 --> 00:05:27,060
{\an7}BUT ANOTHER EQUALLY COLORFUL
\hPIRATE NAMED STEDE BONNET
82
00:05:27,093 --> 00:05:28,995
{\an7}WASN‘T SO LUCKY.
83
00:05:29,029 --> 00:05:31,965
{\an7}HE WAS BROUGHT TO JUSTICE HERE
\hIN CHARLESTON‘S BATTERY PARK
84
00:05:31,998 --> 00:05:34,100
{\an7}OVERLOOKING THE HARBOR.
85
00:05:36,436 --> 00:05:39,272
{\an7}STEDE WAS AN UNLIKELY BUCCANEER.
86
00:05:39,306 --> 00:05:43,110
{\an7}\h\h\hSOME CALLED HIM
THE GENTLEMAN PIRATE.
87
00:05:43,143 --> 00:05:45,712
{\an7}HE WAS ONCE A WEALTHY LANDOWNER
IN BARBADOS,
88
00:05:45,745 --> 00:05:48,147
{\an7}\h\h\hBUT LEGEND SAYS
THAT MARITAL PROBLEMS
89
00:05:48,181 --> 00:05:51,017
{\an7}DROVE HIM TO A LIFE OF CRIME.
90
00:05:51,051 --> 00:05:54,488
{\an7}HE BOUGHT AN OLD SLOOP,
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hREVENGE,
91
00:05:54,521 --> 00:05:57,524
{\an7}\h\hAND PLUNDERED VESSELS
UP AND DOWN THE EAST COAST
92
00:05:57,557 --> 00:06:02,195
{\an7}BEFORE HE WAS FINALLY CAPTURED
\h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE CAROLINAS.
93
00:06:02,229 --> 00:06:06,033
{\an7}ON DECEMBER 10, 1718,
STEDE WAS BROUGHT HERE
94
00:06:06,066 --> 00:06:10,504
{\an7}TO WHITE POINT GARDENS
\hTO FACE THE GALLOWS.
95
00:06:10,537 --> 00:06:14,641
{\an7}\hHIS BODY WAS LEFT HANGING FOR
FOUR DAYS AS A WARNING TO OTHERS
96
00:06:14,674 --> 00:06:18,611
{\an7}WHO MIGHT HAVE BEEN CONSIDERING
A LIFE OF PIRACY.
97
00:06:22,282 --> 00:06:25,185
{\an7}IN LATER YEARS, FORTS WERE BUILT
TO PROTECT THE CITY
98
00:06:25,218 --> 00:06:29,889
{\an7}FROM PIRATES AND THE UNION NAVY.
99
00:06:29,923 --> 00:06:31,558
{\an7}STARTING IN THE 1841,
100
00:06:31,591 --> 00:06:34,961
{\an7}70,000 TONS OF NEW ENGLAND
\hGRANITE AND OTHER STONE
101
00:06:34,995 --> 00:06:38,332
{\an7}WERE SUNK IN CHARLESTON HARBOR
\h\h\h\h\hTO MAKE FORT SUMTER.
102
00:06:38,365 --> 00:06:41,001
{\an7}IT WAS ONE OF A SERIES
OF KEY FORTIFICATIONS
103
00:06:41,034 --> 00:06:43,904
{\an7}ALONG THE EASTERN SEABOARD.
104
00:06:43,937 --> 00:06:47,207
{\an7}\h\hLITTLE DID ANYONE KNOW,
THE FIRST ATTACK ON THE FORT
105
00:06:47,240 --> 00:06:49,676
{\an7}\hWOULD COME FROM
CHARLESTON ITSELF.
106
00:06:51,478 --> 00:06:57,017
{\an7}ON APRIL 12, 1861, CONFEDERATE
\h\hFORCES STORMED FORT SUMTER
107
00:06:57,050 --> 00:07:00,053
{\an7}AND FIRED THE FIRST SHOT
\h\h\hOF THE CIVIL WAR--
108
00:07:00,086 --> 00:07:04,657
{\an7}OR AS IT‘S CALLED IN THE SOUTH,
THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES.
109
00:07:10,397 --> 00:07:13,967
{\an7}GUARDING THE HARBOR TODAY
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hU.S.S. YORKTOWN--
110
00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:17,470
{\an7}\hAMERICA‘S OLDEST
AIRCRAFT CARRIER.
111
00:07:17,504 --> 00:07:19,973
{\an7}\hIT‘S DOCKED HERE
AT PATRIOTS POINT,
112
00:07:20,006 --> 00:07:24,878
{\an7}\hONE OF THE WORLD‘S LARGEST
NAVAL AND MARITIME MUSEUMS.
113
00:07:24,911 --> 00:07:26,746
{\an7}COMMISSIONED IN 1943,
114
00:07:26,780 --> 00:07:29,549
{\an7}AND NEARLY AS LONG AS
THREE FOOTBALL FIELDS,
115
00:07:29,582 --> 00:07:34,720
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIS THE FOURTH U.S.
NAVAL SHIP TO BEAR THAT NAME.
116
00:07:34,754 --> 00:07:37,724
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWAS LOST
AT THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY
117
00:07:37,757 --> 00:07:39,692
{\an7}DURING WORLD WAR II.
118
00:07:41,895 --> 00:07:44,498
{\an7}\h\h\hTHIS ONE WAS RENAMED
IN ITS HONOR AND TOOK PART
119
00:07:44,531 --> 00:07:47,401
{\an7}\h\h\hIN SEVERAL IMPORTANT
PACIFIC THEATER CAMPAIGNS,
120
00:07:47,434 --> 00:07:51,104
{\an7}INCLUDING THE BATTLE OF IWO JIMA
AND LATER IN VIETNAM,
121
00:07:51,137 --> 00:07:56,676
{\an7}EARNING HER A TOTAL OF
\h\h\h16 BATTLE STARS.
122
00:07:56,710 --> 00:08:00,047
{\an7}\h\h\hIN DECEMBER 1968,
THE CARRIER MADE HISTORY
123
00:08:00,080 --> 00:08:01,715
{\an7}\hWHEN SHE SERVED AS
THE RECOVERY VESSEL
124
00:08:01,748 --> 00:08:04,985
{\an7}FOR THE APOLLO 8 COMMAND MODULE
AND HER ASTRONAUTS,
125
00:08:05,018 --> 00:08:06,319
{\an7}WHO RETURNED TO EARTH
\h\h\hAFTER COMPLETING
126
00:08:06,353 --> 00:08:09,990
{\an7}NASA‘S FIRST MANNED LUNAR
\h\h\h\h\hORBITAL MISSION.
127
00:08:11,992 --> 00:08:16,029
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hDECK STANDS
AN F-14A TOMCAT--
128
00:08:16,062 --> 00:08:17,764
{\an7}\hONE OF THE MOST
POWERFUL FIGHTERS
129
00:08:17,797 --> 00:08:20,266
{\an7}IN THE HISTORY OF THE U.S. NAVY.
130
00:08:20,300 --> 00:08:25,705
{\an7}AND THE E-1B TRACER.
131
00:08:25,739 --> 00:08:28,875
{\an7}DATING FROM THE 1950s,
\hTHE E-1B IS MOUNTED
132
00:08:28,908 --> 00:08:30,710
{\an7}WITH AN EARLY WARNING
\h\h\h\h\h\hRADAR DOME
133
00:08:30,744 --> 00:08:32,613
{\an7}THAT WAS USED BY THE PLANE‘S
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFOUR-MAN CREW
134
00:08:32,645 --> 00:08:35,448
{\an7}TO FIND AND TRACK
\hENEMY AIRCRAFT.
135
00:08:41,988 --> 00:08:44,757
{\an7}TODAY CHARLESTON HARBOR
\h\h\h\h\h\hIS ALSO HOME
136
00:08:44,791 --> 00:08:48,528
{\an7}TO ONE OF THE BUSIEST CONTAINER
CARGO PORTS IN THE COUNTRY--
137
00:08:48,561 --> 00:08:51,964
{\an7}SECOND ONLY TO NEW YORK ON
\h\hTHE EASTERN SEABOARD.
138
00:08:51,998 --> 00:08:55,468
{\an7}\h\hTHE PORT IS LOCATED INSIDE
THE MOUTH OF THE COOPER RIVER
139
00:08:55,502 --> 00:08:57,738
{\an7}TO HELP PROTECT FREIGHTERS
\h\h\hFROM THE HURRICANES
140
00:08:57,771 --> 00:08:59,906
{\an7}THAT BATTER THE COAST.
141
00:08:59,939 --> 00:09:01,874
{\an7}WITH ITS WIDE, DEEP
\h\h\hNATURAL HARBOR
142
00:09:01,908 --> 00:09:05,712
{\an7}AND HIGH-TECH CRANE SYSTEM, THIS
PORT CAN MOVE CARGO AND SHIPS
143
00:09:05,745 --> 00:09:10,383
{\an7}FASTER THAN ANY OTHER
IN THE UNITED STATES.
144
00:09:10,417 --> 00:09:13,020
{\an7}\h\h\h\hBUT TO GET HERE,
SHIPS HAVE TO PASS UNDER
145
00:09:13,053 --> 00:09:17,257
{\an7}\h\h\hTHIS MARVEL OF
MODERN ENGINEERING.
146
00:09:17,290 --> 00:09:23,396
{\an7}THE ARTHUR RAVENEL BRIDGE SOARS
570 FEET ABOVE THE COOPER RIVER.
147
00:09:23,430 --> 00:09:25,933
{\an7}ITS ROAD DECKS ARE SUSPENDED
\h\h\h\h\hHIGH OFF THE WATER
148
00:09:25,965 --> 00:09:30,136
{\an7}TO MAKE WAY FOR THE WORLD‘S
\h\h\h\hLARGEST FREIGHTERS.
149
00:09:30,170 --> 00:09:32,939
{\an7}NAMED AFTER U.S. CONGRESSMAN
\h\h\h\hARTHUR RAVENEL, JR.,
150
00:09:32,972 --> 00:09:37,477
{\an7}THE BRIDGE‘S MAIN SPAN IS
MORE THAN 1,500 FEET LONG,
151
00:09:37,510 --> 00:09:39,846
{\an7}MAKING IT THE LONGEST
\hCABLE-STAYED BRIDGE
152
00:09:39,879 --> 00:09:41,714
{\an7}IN NORTH AMERICA.
153
00:09:44,584 --> 00:09:48,688
{\an7}\hBUILDING THE RAVENEL WAS
A MAJOR ENGINEERING FEAT.
154
00:09:48,721 --> 00:09:50,122
{\an7}ITS LOCATION MAKES IT VULNERABLE
155
00:09:50,156 --> 00:09:52,592
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTO A HOST OF
POTENTIAL CATASTROPHES,
156
00:09:52,625 --> 00:09:58,231
{\an7}SO ENGINEERS HAD TO TAKE EVERY
MEASURE TO MAKE IT FAIL-SAFE.
157
00:09:58,264 --> 00:10:01,367
{\an7}THEY DRILLED 240 DEEP SHAFTS
\h\h\h\h\hINTO THE RIVERBED
158
00:10:01,401 --> 00:10:03,536
{\an7}FOR THE BRIDGE‘S MAIN FOOTINGS.
159
00:10:03,570 --> 00:10:07,707
{\an7}\hAND THEY ENCASED EACH SUPPORT
TOWER IN A ONE-ACRE ROCK ISLAND,
160
00:10:07,740 --> 00:10:13,012
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hBUILT WITH MORE THAN
HALF A MILLION TONS OF STONE.
161
00:10:13,046 --> 00:10:16,716
{\an7}\hTHESE FEATURES ENSURE THAT THE
BRIDGE CAN WITHSTAND EVERYTHING
162
00:10:16,749 --> 00:10:22,588
{\an7}\hFROM 300 MILE PER HOUR WINDS
TO MAGNITUDE 7.4 EARTHQUAKES,
163
00:10:22,622 --> 00:10:27,794
{\an7}AND EVEN IMPACT COLLISION WITH
\h\hTHE WORLD‘S LARGEST SHIPS.
164
00:10:27,827 --> 00:10:30,263
{\an7}TODAY THE RAVENEL
IS A CRUCIAL LINK
165
00:10:30,296 --> 00:10:32,698
{\an7}IN SOUTH CAROLINA‘S
\h\hHIGHWAY SYSTEM.
166
00:10:32,732 --> 00:10:35,301
{\an7}IT OFFERS TRAVELERS FROM
\hCHARLESTON FAST ACCESS
167
00:10:35,335 --> 00:10:38,405
{\an7}TO SOME OF THE STATE‘S
\hGREATEST TREASURES--
168
00:10:38,438 --> 00:10:43,276
{\an7}THE STUNNING BEACHES AND BARRIER
ISLANDS THAT LINE ITS COAST.
169
00:10:46,012 --> 00:10:50,383
{\an7}THIS 60-MILE-LONG BEACH IS
\hCALLED THE GRAND STRAND,
170
00:10:50,416 --> 00:10:52,351
{\an7}AND STRETCHES FROM GEORGETOWN
171
00:10:52,385 --> 00:10:55,588
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hRIGHT UP TO
THE NORTH CAROLINA BORDER.
172
00:10:55,622 --> 00:10:59,926
{\an7}AT ITS HEART IS SOUTH CAROLINA‘S
MOST FAMOUS COASTAL TOWN--
173
00:10:59,959 --> 00:11:02,595
{\an7}MYRTLE BEACH.
174
00:11:02,629 --> 00:11:05,265
{\an7}\h\h\hIT‘S HOME TO JUST
30,000 WINTER RESIDENTS
175
00:11:05,298 --> 00:11:09,769
{\an7}BUT TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS
\hDURING THE SUMMER MONTHS.
176
00:11:09,802 --> 00:11:13,572
{\an7}THEY TURN THIS SLEEPY WINTER
TOWN INTO A VACATION MECCA,
177
00:11:13,606 --> 00:11:18,277
{\an7}\hPACKING HIGH-END HOTELS AND
GOLF COURSES AND CAMPGROUNDS.
178
00:11:21,915 --> 00:11:25,886
{\an7}THE PACE OF DEVELOPMENT ON THIS
STRETCH OF BEACH HAS BEEN RAPID.
179
00:11:25,919 --> 00:11:29,990
{\an7}\h\hJUST OVER A CENTURY AGO
IT WAS LARGELY UNINHABITED--
180
00:11:30,023 --> 00:11:33,493
{\an7}AND FOR GOOD REASON.
181
00:11:33,526 --> 00:11:35,561
{\an7}UP UNTIL THE END OF
\hTHE 19th CENTURY,
182
00:11:35,595 --> 00:11:38,965
{\an7}\h\h\h\hSWAMPS MADE IT HARD
TO EVEN GET TO THE COAST...
183
00:11:38,998 --> 00:11:41,968
{\an7}AND SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS
\h\h\hAND LOW CROP YIELDS
184
00:11:42,001 --> 00:11:44,704
{\an7}MADE FARMING HERE DIFFICULT.
185
00:11:44,737 --> 00:11:48,374
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hTO TOP IT OFF,
STORMS BATTERED THE BEACH.
186
00:11:50,543 --> 00:11:53,379
{\an7}NO ONE KNEW THE DIFFICULTIES
OF FARMING AND SURVIVAL HERE
187
00:11:53,413 --> 00:11:57,951
{\an7}BETTER THAN A FAMILY
CALLED THE WITHERS.
188
00:11:57,984 --> 00:11:59,352
{\an7}IN THE MID 1700s
189
00:11:59,385 --> 00:12:02,121
{\an7}THEY RECEIVED LARGE LAND GRANTS
ALONG THE COAST
190
00:12:02,155 --> 00:12:05,825
{\an7}AND CLEARED FORESTS
\h\hTO MAKE FIELDS.
191
00:12:05,858 --> 00:12:10,429
{\an7}BUT IN 1822, THE GIFT OF THAT
\h\hPROPERTY TURNED TO TRAGEDY
192
00:12:10,463 --> 00:12:13,599
{\an7}WHEN A HURRICANE SWEPT THE HOME
OF ROBERT WITHERS
193
00:12:13,633 --> 00:12:15,001
{\an7}INTO THE OCEAN.
194
00:12:15,034 --> 00:12:18,804
{\an7}18 PEOPLE HAD SOUGHT REFUGE
IN THE HOUSE FROM THE STORM,
195
00:12:18,838 --> 00:12:21,741
{\an7}BUT 14 OF THEM DROWNED.
196
00:12:21,774 --> 00:12:24,010
{\an7}AFTER WITHERS WATCHED
\hTHE STORM CARRY AWAY
197
00:12:24,043 --> 00:12:28,147
{\an7}HIS WIFE AND FIVE CHILDREN,
\h\h\hHE ABANDONED THE LAND
198
00:12:28,181 --> 00:12:32,018
{\an7}HIS FAMILY HAD HELD HERE
\h\h\h\hFOR GENERATIONS.
199
00:12:32,051 --> 00:12:34,620
{\an7}\h\hCOASTAL FORESTS
RECLAIMED HIS FIELDS
200
00:12:34,654 --> 00:12:38,291
{\an7}AND THE AREA REMAINED
LARGELY UNINHABITED...
201
00:12:40,660 --> 00:12:43,863
{\an7}THAT IS UNTIL A LUMBER BARON
\h\h\hARRIVED WITH A VISION
202
00:12:43,896 --> 00:12:47,967
{\an7}THAT WOULD TRANSFORM MILES
\h\hOF PRISTINE COASTLINE
203
00:12:48,001 --> 00:12:51,872
{\an7}INTO THE POPULAR TOWNS AND
\hBEACHES THEY ARE TODAY.
204
00:12:51,904 --> 00:12:53,706
{\an7}IT STARTED AFTER THE CIVIL WAR,
205
00:12:53,740 --> 00:12:56,176
{\an7}WHEN A BUSINESSMAN NAMED
\h\h\h\h\hF.G. BURROUGHS
206
00:12:56,209 --> 00:12:58,878
{\an7}BUILT A LUMBER MILL NEARBY.
207
00:12:58,911 --> 00:13:01,313
{\an7}\h\h\h\hBURROUGHS LOGGED
THE LONGLEAF PINE TREES
208
00:13:01,347 --> 00:13:05,384
{\an7}THAT STILL GROW ABUNDANTLY HERE.
209
00:13:05,418 --> 00:13:08,154
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hHE STARTED LAYING
RAILROAD TRACKS ACROSS THE SWAMP
210
00:13:08,187 --> 00:13:10,222
{\an7}TO GET HIS TIMBER ONTO SHIPS
211
00:13:10,256 --> 00:13:12,625
{\an7}\hAND TRANSPORT IT
UP THE EAST COAST.
212
00:13:14,494 --> 00:13:17,797
{\an7}\h\hBURROUGHS DIED BEFORE
THE TRACKS WERE COMPLETED,
213
00:13:17,830 --> 00:13:20,733
{\an7}BUT HIS SONS FINISHED HIS WORK.
214
00:13:20,767 --> 00:13:23,069
{\an7}\hSOON, VACATIONERS
WERE HITCHING RIDES
215
00:13:23,102 --> 00:13:26,539
{\an7}ON THE LUMBER TRAINS
TO REACH THE BEACH.
216
00:13:26,572 --> 00:13:31,210
{\an7}IN 1901 THE BUDDING RESORT HAD
\h\h\h\hITS VERY FIRST HOTEL--
217
00:13:31,244 --> 00:13:33,379
{\an7}THE SEASIDE INN.
218
00:13:33,413 --> 00:13:34,915
{\an7}LONG SINCE DEMOLISHED,
219
00:13:34,947 --> 00:13:39,051
{\an7}THE INN WAS AT THE CENTER OF
\h\h\h\hWHAT‘S NOW DOWNTOWN.
220
00:13:39,085 --> 00:13:41,254
{\an7}\h\hTHAT SAME YEAR
A CONTEST WAS HELD
221
00:13:41,287 --> 00:13:45,158
{\an7}TO GIVE THE UP-AND-COMING TOWN
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hA PROPER NAME.
222
00:13:45,191 --> 00:13:46,926
{\an7}BURROUGHS‘ WIDOW PROPOSED
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hNAMING IT
223
00:13:46,959 --> 00:13:51,497
{\an7}AFTER THE MYRTLE EVERGREEN SHRUB
THAT GREW ALONG THE SHORE.
224
00:13:51,531 --> 00:13:57,704
{\an7}\h\h\h\hSHE WON THE CONTEST AND
THE NAME MYRTLE BEACH WAS BORN.
225
00:13:57,737 --> 00:13:59,906
{\an7}AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY,
\h\h\h\h\h\hEMPTY LOTS HERE
226
00:13:59,939 --> 00:14:03,976
{\an7}WERE PURPORTEDLY SOLD FOR JUST
\h\h\h\h\h25 DOLLARS A PIECE.
227
00:14:04,010 --> 00:14:06,546
{\an7}TODAY THEY CAN BE
\hWORTH MILLIONS,
228
00:14:06,579 --> 00:14:10,983
{\an7}\hEVEN THOUGH THE BEACH
THEY‘RE ON IS SHRINKING.
229
00:14:11,017 --> 00:14:13,786
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hSTUDIES ARE SHOWING
THAT PARTS OF THE GRAND STRAND
230
00:14:13,820 --> 00:14:18,925
{\an7}AND LOSE UP TO 8 INCHES OF BEACH
EVERY YEAR TO EROSION.
231
00:14:18,958 --> 00:14:22,361
{\an7}EVERY FEW YEARS THE STATE SPENDS
TENS OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS
232
00:14:22,395 --> 00:14:24,464
{\an7}TO REPLENISH THE BEACH.
233
00:14:24,497 --> 00:14:28,234
{\an7}OFFSHORE, A DREDGE GATHERS SAND
FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA
234
00:14:28,267 --> 00:14:30,836
{\an7}\hAND SENDS IT TO
A PUMPING STATION.
235
00:14:30,870 --> 00:14:34,907
{\an7}\hHERE, GIANT PUMPS DELIVER
THE SLURRY OF SAND TO SHORE
236
00:14:34,941 --> 00:14:37,076
{\an7}VIA STEEL PIPES.
237
00:14:37,110 --> 00:14:38,545
{\an7}ONCE IT ARRIVES,
238
00:14:38,578 --> 00:14:42,549
{\an7}BULLDOZERS SPREAD THE NEW SAND
\h\h\h\h\hAND SHAPE THE BEACH.
239
00:14:42,582 --> 00:14:47,320
{\an7}\hAN AMPHIBIOUS TRIPOD ARMED
WITH GPS, KNOWN AS THE CRAB,
240
00:14:47,353 --> 00:14:49,655
{\an7}\h\hALLOWS SURVEYORS
TO MAP THE SHORELINE
241
00:14:49,689 --> 00:14:53,493
{\an7}\h\hAND CAREFULLY DETERMINE
HOW MUCH NEW SAND IS NEEDED.
242
00:14:53,526 --> 00:14:56,329
{\an7}THE REPLENISHED BEACHES CAUSE
\h\h\h\hSTORM SURGES TO BREAK
243
00:14:56,362 --> 00:14:58,364
{\an7}SAFELY FAR AWAY FROM SHORE,
244
00:14:58,398 --> 00:15:01,034
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hPROTECTING
THE BEACHFRONT PROPERTY.
245
00:15:06,773 --> 00:15:11,645
{\an7}SOUTH CAROLINA LIES
IN HURRICANE ALLEY.
246
00:15:11,677 --> 00:15:15,447
{\an7}EVERY JUNE BRINGS A NEW
\h\h\hHURRICANE SEASON.
247
00:15:15,481 --> 00:15:18,884
{\an7}\h\hNO ONE KNOWS IF AND WHEN
THE NEXT BIG STORM WILL HIT,
248
00:15:18,918 --> 00:15:23,122
{\an7}BUT WHEN THEY DO THE DAMAGE
\h\h\h\hCAN BE CATASTROPHIC.
249
00:15:25,525 --> 00:15:29,329
{\an7}ONE HURRICANE SYSTEM CALLED
\h\hTHE GREAT STORM OF 1893
250
00:15:29,362 --> 00:15:33,233
{\an7}\h\h\hKILLED AN ESTIMATED
2,000 PEOPLE ON THE COAST.
251
00:15:36,602 --> 00:15:40,873
{\an7}IN 1989 HURRICANE HUGO WAS
\hONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL
252
00:15:40,907 --> 00:15:44,644
{\an7}RECENT STORMS TO HIT THE STATE.
253
00:15:44,677 --> 00:15:47,880
{\an7}WINDS GUSTED UP TO
160 MILES PER HOUR
254
00:15:47,914 --> 00:15:50,383
{\an7}AND COASTAL WATERS
\hSURGED 20 FEET,
255
00:15:50,416 --> 00:15:56,088
{\an7}\hCAUSING 7 BILLION DOLLARS IN
DAMAGE AND KILLING 35 PEOPLE.
256
00:15:58,691 --> 00:16:00,793
{\an7}SO FAR THIS STATE HAS
\h\h\hNOT YET BEEN HIT
257
00:16:00,827 --> 00:16:04,831
{\an7}BY A CATEGORY 5 HURRICANE--
\h\h\h\h\hTHE MOST POWERFUL.
258
00:16:04,864 --> 00:16:07,333
{\an7}BUT EVERY HURRICANE SEASON
\h\h\h\hCOASTAL RESIDENTS
259
00:16:07,366 --> 00:16:10,736
{\an7}IN MYRTLE BEACH AND OTHER TOWNS
UP AND DOWN THE COAST
260
00:16:10,770 --> 00:16:12,672
{\an7}TURN THEIR EYES TO THE SEA
261
00:16:12,705 --> 00:16:15,875
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAND TRACK EACH NEW
WEATHER SYSTEM THAT MOVES NORTH,
262
00:16:15,908 --> 00:16:21,447
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hJUST IN CASE THE NEXT
GREAT STORM IS HEADED THEIR WAY.
263
00:16:26,853 --> 00:16:29,356
{\an7}BUT IT‘S NOT JUST THE COAST
\h\h\h\hTHAT CAN BE HIT HARD
264
00:16:29,388 --> 00:16:31,523
{\an7}BY NATURAL DISASTERS.
265
00:16:33,793 --> 00:16:35,495
{\an7}SOUTHWEST OF THE GRAND STRAND
266
00:16:35,528 --> 00:16:37,597
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hLIES MORE THAN
A QUARTER OF A MILLION ACRES
267
00:16:37,630 --> 00:16:42,401
{\an7}\h\hOF WILD, SWAMPY LAND
AND GIANT CYPRESS TREES.
268
00:16:42,435 --> 00:16:46,940
{\an7}THIS IS THE FRANCIS MARION
\h\h\h\h\hNATIONAL FOREST.
269
00:16:46,973 --> 00:16:52,345
{\an7}IN 1989, HURRICANE HUGO LEVELED
MORE THAN 30% OF THE FOREST,
270
00:16:52,378 --> 00:16:54,714
{\an7}AND STRIPPED THE LEAVES
FROM THE CYPRESS TREES,
271
00:16:54,747 --> 00:16:58,284
{\an7}LEAVING THEM VULNERABLE
\h\h\h\hTO FOREST FIRES.
272
00:16:58,317 --> 00:17:00,686
{\an7}BUT IT REMAINS A HAVEN
\h\h\h\hFOR WILDLIFE,
273
00:17:00,720 --> 00:17:05,358
{\an7}INCLUDING THE CANADA GEESE THAT
MIGRATE HERE EVERY WINTER.
274
00:17:11,264 --> 00:17:14,267
{\an7}\h\h\hAT THE END OF THE AMERICAN
REVOLUTION, THE FOREST WAS HOME
275
00:17:14,300 --> 00:17:19,572
{\an7}TO A FAMOUS FREEDOM FIGHTER
\h\hKNOWN AS THE SWAMP FOX.
276
00:17:19,605 --> 00:17:23,509
{\an7}WHEN BRITISH FORCES TOOK CONTROL
OF SOUTH CAROLINA IN 1780,
277
00:17:23,543 --> 00:17:26,312
{\an7}\h\h\hIN WHAT‘S KNOWN AS
THE SIEGE OF CHARLESTON,
278
00:17:26,345 --> 00:17:31,250
{\an7}\h\hMANY IN THE COLONY CONTINUED
TO FIGHT FOR THEIR INDEPENDENCE.
279
00:17:31,284 --> 00:17:33,686
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hONE OF THEM WAS
A PLANTATION OWNER AND SOLDIER
280
00:17:33,719 --> 00:17:36,188
{\an7}NAMED FRANCIS MARION
281
00:17:36,222 --> 00:17:37,690
{\an7}WHO RALLIED A BAND OF FIGHTERS
282
00:17:37,723 --> 00:17:40,593
{\an7}TO LAUNCH HIT-AND-RUN ASSAULTS
\h\h\h\hON BRITISH REGIMENTS.
283
00:17:43,129 --> 00:17:46,399
{\an7}THE MEN WERE CALLED
\hMARION‘S BRIGADE.
284
00:17:46,432 --> 00:17:48,334
{\an7}\hWITH THE BRITISH
HOT ON HIS TRAIL,
285
00:17:48,367 --> 00:17:51,270
{\an7}\hMARION TOOK REFUGE
IN THIS SWAMPY FOREST
286
00:17:51,304 --> 00:17:53,740
{\an7}JUST 30 MILES NORTH
\h\h\hOF CHARLESTON.
287
00:17:53,773 --> 00:17:59,312
{\an7}UNABLE TO CATCH HIM, THE BRITISH
NICKNAMED MARION THE SWAMP FOX.
288
00:17:59,345 --> 00:18:02,715
{\an7}TO THIS DAY, HISTORIANS DEBATE
\h\h\h\hWHETHER FRANCIS MARION
289
00:18:02,748 --> 00:18:04,583
{\an7}WAS A TERRORIST OR A HERO
290
00:18:04,617 --> 00:18:07,520
{\an7}IN AMERICA‘S FIGHT
FOR INDEPENDENCE.
291
00:18:09,989 --> 00:18:15,795
{\an7}SOME CLAIM THAT HE‘S THE FATHER
OF MODERN GUERRILLA WARFARE.
292
00:18:15,828 --> 00:18:18,564
{\an7}\hWITH SUCH COLORFUL EXPLOITS,
IT‘S NO WONDER THAT FILMMAKERS
293
00:18:18,598 --> 00:18:21,034
{\an7}\hDREW INSPIRATION
FROM MARION‘S LIFE
294
00:18:21,067 --> 00:18:23,469
{\an7}THE PATRIOT,
295
00:18:23,502 --> 00:18:27,172
{\an7}STARRING MEL GIBSON
\hAS THE SWAMP FOX.
296
00:18:36,015 --> 00:18:39,519
{\an7}WITH SO MANY HURRICANES SLAMMING
SOUTH CAROLINA‘S COAST,
297
00:18:39,552 --> 00:18:42,422
{\an7}BUILDING ANYTHING HERE
\h\h\hCAN BE RISKY...
298
00:18:42,455 --> 00:18:47,160
{\an7}UNLESS IT‘S ENGINEERED
\h\h\h\hFOR DISASTER.
299
00:18:47,193 --> 00:18:48,561
{\an7}A TOWER RISES
300
00:18:48,594 --> 00:18:51,564
{\an7}OVER ONE OF SOUTH CAROLINA‘S
\h\h\h\h\h\hCOASTAL ISLANDS.
301
00:18:51,597 --> 00:18:56,769
{\an7}THIS LIGHTHOUSE WAS BUILT WITH
JUST THREE SIDES FOR A REASON.
302
00:18:56,802 --> 00:18:58,437
{\an7}ITS RIGID TRIANGULAR SHAPE
303
00:18:58,471 --> 00:19:03,443
{\an7}WILL ENABLE IT TO SURVIVE WINDS
UP TO 125 MILES PER HOUR
304
00:19:03,476 --> 00:19:06,746
{\an7}AND HELP KEEP SHIPS
\h\hSAFELY OFFSHORE.
305
00:19:09,315 --> 00:19:12,451
{\an7}BUT ONCE, SULLIVAN‘S ISLAND
\h\h\h\hWAS THE PORT OF CALL
306
00:19:12,485 --> 00:19:15,722
{\an7}FOR MANY OF THE WORLD‘S
\h\h\h\h\h\hSLAVE SHIPS.
307
00:19:15,755 --> 00:19:19,025
{\an7}HISTORIANS ESTIMATE
THAT AS MANY AS 40%
308
00:19:19,058 --> 00:19:20,526
{\an7}\hOF THE MILLIONS
OF AFRICAN SLAVES
309
00:19:20,559 --> 00:19:25,197
{\an7}THAT ARRIVED ON AMERICA‘S SHORES
DISEMBARKED HERE.
310
00:19:25,231 --> 00:19:27,900
{\an7}\h\hTHOSE WHO SURVIVED
THE VOYAGE FROM AFRICA
311
00:19:27,933 --> 00:19:29,334
{\an7}WERE QUARANTINED ON THE ISLAND
312
00:19:29,368 --> 00:19:33,672
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hBEFORE BEING SOLD IN
THE SLAVE MARKETS OF CHARLESTON.
313
00:19:33,706 --> 00:19:35,308
{\an7}IT‘S WHY THE AREA
\hHAS BEEN CALLED
314
00:19:35,341 --> 00:19:39,245
{\an7}THE ELLIS ISLAND OF SLAVERY.
315
00:19:39,278 --> 00:19:41,947
{\an7}IN 1989, THE WRITER
\h\h\hTONI MORRISON
316
00:19:41,981 --> 00:19:46,419
{\an7}NOTED THAT AMAZINGLY, THERE WAS
NO SUITABLE MEMORIAL, PLAQUE,
317
00:19:46,452 --> 00:19:48,955
{\an7}OR EVEN WREATH ON THE ISLAND
\h\h\hTO PAY PROPER TRIBUTE
318
00:19:48,988 --> 00:19:53,326
{\an7}TO THE HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF
SLAVES WHO LANDED HERE.
319
00:19:56,762 --> 00:19:59,598
{\an7}SULLIVAN‘S ISLAND HAS ALSO
\hPLAYED AN IMPORTANT ROLE
320
00:19:59,632 --> 00:20:02,301
{\an7}IN THE DEFENSE OF CHARLESTON
\h\h\h\h\h\hAND ITS HARBOR,
321
00:20:02,334 --> 00:20:05,003
{\an7}THANKS TO FORT MOULTRIE.
322
00:20:06,872 --> 00:20:10,275
{\an7}WHEN IT WAS BUILT, THE FORT‘S
WALLS WERE CONSTRUCTED OF LOGS
323
00:20:10,309 --> 00:20:13,379
{\an7}MADE FROM FRESHLY CUT
\h\h\hPALMETTO TREES.
324
00:20:14,814 --> 00:20:17,517
{\an7}DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR,
\h\h\h\hTHIS WOOD PROVED TO BE
325
00:20:17,550 --> 00:20:20,420
{\an7}SURPRISINGLY RESILIENT
\hAGAINST CANNON SHOT
326
00:20:20,453 --> 00:20:24,624
{\an7}\hAND HELPED COLONIAL FORCES
REPEL A BRITISH NAVAL SIEGE.
327
00:20:26,525 --> 00:20:28,594
{\an7}IT‘S WHY THE PALMETTO TREE
\h\h\h\hEVENTUALLY BECAME
328
00:20:28,627 --> 00:20:32,764
{\an7}THE STATE SYMBOL AND APPEARS
ON THE SOUTH CAROLINA FLAG.
329
00:20:37,670 --> 00:20:42,975
{\an7}\h\h\hSOUTH CAROLINA HAS
187 MILES OF COASTLINE,
330
00:20:43,008 --> 00:20:45,577
{\an7}\hBUT THAT NUMBER
CAN BE DECEPTIVE.
331
00:20:45,611 --> 00:20:48,681
{\an7}BEHIND THE STATE‘S PRISTINE
BEACHES AND BARRIER ISLANDS
332
00:20:48,714 --> 00:20:52,151
{\an7}LIE NEARLY 3,000 MILES
\h\h\h\hOF SHORELINE.
333
00:20:53,753 --> 00:20:54,921
{\an7}MUCH OF IT LIES HERE
334
00:20:54,954 --> 00:20:58,024
{\an7}IN ONE OF THE COUNTRY‘S
\h\hGREATEST WATERWAYS--
335
00:20:58,057 --> 00:21:02,428
{\an7}THE MOUTH OF THE SANTEE RIVER.
336
00:21:02,461 --> 00:21:05,464
{\an7}IT‘S THE LARGEST DELTA ON
\h\hTHE EASTERN SEABOARD.
337
00:21:05,498 --> 00:21:10,269
{\an7}MILE AFTER MILE OF TWISTING
\hINLETS AND SALT MARSHES--
338
00:21:10,302 --> 00:21:13,205
{\an7}A HAVEN FOR MIGRATING BIRDS.
339
00:21:16,976 --> 00:21:20,947
{\an7}BY 1690, ONE OF THE WORLD‘S
\h\hMOST DESIRED COMMODITIES
340
00:21:20,980 --> 00:21:23,349
{\an7}WAS PRODUCED HERE ON THE COAST--
341
00:21:23,382 --> 00:21:28,287
{\an7}\h\hA VARIETY OF RICE
CALLED CAROLINA GOLD.
342
00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:30,823
{\an7}SLAVES WORKED AND SHAPED
THESE MARSHES TO CREATE
343
00:21:30,856 --> 00:21:35,327
{\an7}WHAT WERE SOME OF THE LARGEST
\h\hRICE PLANTATIONS ON EARTH.
344
00:21:35,361 --> 00:21:40,233
{\an7}GROWING RICE HERE WAS
\h\hBACKBREAKING WORK.
345
00:21:40,266 --> 00:21:42,535
{\an7}\h\hSLAVES CUT DITCHES
AND BUILT EMBANKMENTS
346
00:21:42,568 --> 00:21:44,703
{\an7}TO CONTROL THE SALINITY
\h\h\h\h\hOF THE WATER,
347
00:21:44,737 --> 00:21:49,775
{\an7}WHILE TRYING TO AVOID ALLIGATORS
AND POISONOUS SNAKES.
348
00:21:49,809 --> 00:21:54,681
{\an7}RICE BECAME SOUTH CAROLINA‘S
\h\h\h\h\hBIGGEST COMMODITY.
349
00:21:54,713 --> 00:21:57,516
{\an7}\h\hGEORGETOWN COUNTY ALONE
ONCE PRODUCED CLOSE TO HALF
350
00:21:57,550 --> 00:22:00,720
{\an7}\hOF ALL THE RICE GROWN IN
THE U.S. AND AT ONE POINT
351
00:22:00,753 --> 00:22:05,391
{\an7}EXPORTED MORE RICE THAN ANY
\h\hOTHER PORT IN THE WORLD.
352
00:22:05,424 --> 00:22:09,061
{\an7}\h\hIT‘S BEEN SAID THAT CAROLINA
GOLD WAS ONCE THE PREFERRED RICE
353
00:22:09,094 --> 00:22:11,697
{\an7}OF THE EMPEROR OF CHINA.
354
00:22:11,730 --> 00:22:15,033
{\an7}THE END OF SLAVERY DROVE MOST OF
THESE COASTAL PLANTATIONS
355
00:22:15,067 --> 00:22:16,402
{\an7}OUT OF BUSINESS.
356
00:22:16,435 --> 00:22:19,738
{\an7}BUT A FEW OLD STRUCTURES
\h\hREMAIN IN THE SWAMP,
357
00:22:19,772 --> 00:22:23,342
{\an7}LIKE THIS HOUSE BUILT ON STILTS
TO PROTECT RESIDENTS
358
00:22:23,375 --> 00:22:28,013
{\an7}\h\hFROM FLOODING AND STORMS,
A COMMON PRACTICE TO THIS DAY.
359
00:22:33,752 --> 00:22:36,388
{\an7}WHILE MOST OF SOUTH CAROLINA‘S
\h\h\hCOASTAL RICE PLANTATIONS
360
00:22:36,422 --> 00:22:41,727
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hARE GONE, MANY OTHER
PLANTATION HOUSES INLAND REMAIN.
361
00:22:41,760 --> 00:22:44,563
{\an7}THE FIRST OF THESE ESTATES WERE
BUILT WHEN BRITISH LORDS
362
00:22:44,597 --> 00:22:48,067
{\an7}AWARDED LARGE TRACTS OF LAND
\hHERE TO ENGLISH SETTLERS,
363
00:22:48,100 --> 00:22:52,705
{\an7}IN ORDER TO FARM RICE, COTTON,
\h\h\h\hAND OTHER CASH CROPS.
364
00:22:52,738 --> 00:22:53,973
{\an7}POWERED BY SLAVE LABOR,
365
00:22:54,006 --> 00:22:58,110
{\an7}\h\hTHE OUTPUT OF THESE ONCE
GIANT FARMS WAS ASTOUNDING.
366
00:22:58,143 --> 00:23:00,178
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hBY THE DAWN OF
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION,
367
00:23:00,212 --> 00:23:01,714
{\an7}\h\hPLANTATIONS HERE
HAD ALREADY PRODUCED
368
00:23:01,747 --> 00:23:04,583
{\an7}A MILLION POUNDS OF
\hTHE PLANT INDIGO,
369
00:23:04,617 --> 00:23:08,187
{\an7}FROM WHICH WAS PRODUCED
A DISTINCTIVE BLUE DYE.
370
00:23:08,220 --> 00:23:10,989
{\an7}INDIGO EXPORTS HELPED
\hMAKE SOUTH CAROLINA
371
00:23:11,023 --> 00:23:14,326
{\an7}BRITAIN‘S WEALTHIEST COLONY.
372
00:23:14,360 --> 00:23:16,262
{\an7}DURING THE FIRST YEARS
\h\h\h\hOF THE COLONY
373
00:23:16,295 --> 00:23:19,231
{\an7}MOST ENGLISH SETTLERS
\hCAME FROM BARBADOS.
374
00:23:19,265 --> 00:23:21,300
{\an7}\hTHEY WERE YOUNG,
AMBITIOUS FARMERS
375
00:23:21,333 --> 00:23:23,936
{\an7}\h\hEAGER TO EXPAND
THEIR OPPORTUNITIES.
376
00:23:23,969 --> 00:23:28,707
{\an7}AMONG THESE EARLY SETTLERS WERE
THOMAS AND ANNE DRAYTON.
377
00:23:28,741 --> 00:23:34,714
{\an7}ARRIVING FROM BARBADOS IN 1679,
THEY BUILT MAGNOLIA PLANTATION.
378
00:23:34,747 --> 00:23:36,449
{\an7}BUT IT WAS ONE OF
THE DRAYTONS‘ SONS
379
00:23:36,482 --> 00:23:40,219
{\an7}WHO ESTABLISHED THE FAMILY‘S
\h\h\h\h\h\hGREATEST LEGACY.
380
00:23:40,252 --> 00:23:41,954
{\an7}AS THE THIRD SON,
381
00:23:41,987 --> 00:23:45,657
{\an7}JOHN DRAYTON KNEW HE WOULDN‘T
\h\hINHERIT HIS FAMILY‘S LAND.
382
00:23:45,691 --> 00:23:51,597
{\an7}\hSO, IN 1738 THE 23-YEAR-OLD
PURCHASED 350 ACRES OF HIS OWN
383
00:23:51,630 --> 00:23:54,800
{\an7}ALONG THE ASHLEY RIVER.
384
00:23:54,833 --> 00:23:57,135
{\an7}THE RIVER WOULD PROVIDE
A TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
385
00:23:57,169 --> 00:24:00,839
{\an7}TO CARRY HIS CROPS TO THE PORTS.
386
00:24:00,873 --> 00:24:03,142
{\an7}HE THEN SET ABOUT BUILDING
\h\h\hHIMSELF A NEW HOUSE
387
00:24:03,175 --> 00:24:06,779
{\an7}ON A GRAND SCALE.
388
00:24:06,812 --> 00:24:09,748
{\an7}DURING THE CIVIL WAR,
UNION SOLDIERS TORCHED
389
00:24:09,782 --> 00:24:13,386
{\an7}MANY OF THE PLANTATION HOUSES
\h\h\hALONG THE ASHLEY RIVER.
390
00:24:13,419 --> 00:24:18,624
{\an7}AMAZINGLY, DRAYTON HALL WAS ONE
OF ONLY THREE THAT SURVIVED.
391
00:24:18,657 --> 00:24:23,428
{\an7}WHY IT DID IS A MYSTERY THAT HAS
LONG PUZZLED HISTORIANS.
392
00:24:23,462 --> 00:24:26,332
{\an7}SOME SAY THAT GENERAL SHERMAN
\h\h\h\h\h\hSPARED THE ESTATE
393
00:24:26,365 --> 00:24:29,368
{\an7}BECAUSE HE WAS IN LOVE WITH
\hONE OF THE DRAYTON WOMEN.
394
00:24:29,401 --> 00:24:32,571
{\an7}\h\h\hANOTHER THEORY IS THAT THE
SLAVES WORKING ON THE PLANTATION
395
00:24:32,604 --> 00:24:35,173
{\an7}WERE ORDERED TO TELL UNION
\h\hTROOPS THAT THE HOUSE
396
00:24:35,207 --> 00:24:39,144
{\an7}WAS A SMALLPOX HOSPITAL
\hAND SHOULD BE SPARED.
397
00:24:39,178 --> 00:24:42,014
{\an7}\h\h\hTODAY DRAYTON HALL
IS CONSIDERED THE OLDEST
398
00:24:42,047 --> 00:24:45,717
{\an7}\h\hAND MOST SPLENDID EXAMPLE OF
GEORGIAN PALLADIAN ARCHITECTURE
399
00:24:45,751 --> 00:24:47,419
{\an7}IN THE UNITED STATES.
400
00:24:47,453 --> 00:24:51,857
{\an7}LUCKILY, IT‘S NOT JUST THE GRAND
HOUSES OF PLANTATION OWNERS
401
00:24:51,890 --> 00:24:53,458
{\an7}THAT HAVE SURVIVED.
402
00:24:53,492 --> 00:24:57,963
{\an7}ON THE NEARBY BOONE PLANTATION,
SMALL SLAVE CABINS STILL STAND
403
00:24:57,997 --> 00:25:00,566
{\an7}ON WHAT‘S KNOWN AS SLAVE STREET.
404
00:25:00,599 --> 00:25:02,935
{\an7}IT WAS COMMON AT THE TIME FOR
\h\h\hSLAVE CABINS TO BE BUILT
405
00:25:02,968 --> 00:25:04,636
{\an7}\h\h\h\hIN FRONT OF
A PLANTATION MANSION
406
00:25:04,670 --> 00:25:07,773
{\an7}AS A PUBLIC DISPLAY
OF THEIR PROSPERITY.
407
00:25:10,142 --> 00:25:12,711
{\an7}THESE HISTORIC SITES PROVIDE
\h\h\h\h\hSTUNNING GLIMPSES
408
00:25:12,745 --> 00:25:15,648
{\an7}OF THE ANTEBELLUM PERIOD AND
\h\h\hA CHANCE TO UNDERSTAND
409
00:25:15,681 --> 00:25:20,186
{\an7}WHAT LIFE WAS LIKE FOR ENSLAVED
AFRICANS IN SOUTH CAROLINA.
410
00:25:26,358 --> 00:25:28,393
{\an7}AS PLANTATION PROFITS GREW,
411
00:25:28,427 --> 00:25:32,631
{\an7}SO, TOO, DID THE ESTATES
\h\h\h\hOF THEIR OWNERS.
412
00:25:32,664 --> 00:25:35,333
{\an7}THE VAST LANDSCAPE GARDENS
\h\h\h\hOF MIDDLETON PLACE
413
00:25:35,367 --> 00:25:39,071
{\an7}\h\hARE THOUGHT TO BE
THE OLDEST IN THE U.S.
414
00:25:39,104 --> 00:25:40,639
{\an7}THEY WERE DESIGNED AND PLANTED
415
00:25:40,672 --> 00:25:45,744
{\an7}SO THAT THERE WOULD BE SOMETHING
IN BLOOM EVERY DAY OF THE YEAR.
416
00:25:45,778 --> 00:25:50,182
{\an7}\hMIDDLETON PLACE WAS ALSO THE
SITE OF A FARMING EXPERIMENT.
417
00:25:50,215 --> 00:25:53,285
{\an7}IN 1846 THE OWNERS IMPORTED
418
00:25:53,318 --> 00:25:55,554
{\an7}\h\h\hWATER BUFFALO
FROM CONSTANTINOPLE
419
00:25:55,587 --> 00:25:58,657
{\an7}\h\h\hTO SEE IF, WITH THEIR
WIDE HOOVES AND STURDY LEGS,
420
00:25:58,690 --> 00:26:02,527
{\an7}THEY COULD OUTPERFORM HORSES
\h\hIN TILLING RICE FIELDS.
421
00:26:02,561 --> 00:26:04,163
{\an7}BUT DURING THE CIVIL WAR
422
00:26:04,196 --> 00:26:06,098
{\an7}UNION TROOPS BURNED
\h\h\hTHE MAIN HOUSE
423
00:26:06,131 --> 00:26:09,401
{\an7}AND SLAUGHTERED SOME OF
\hTHE ANIMALS FOR FOOD.
424
00:26:09,435 --> 00:26:11,404
{\an7}MANY OF THE BUFFALO
\h\hTHAT WERE SPARED
425
00:26:11,437 --> 00:26:16,709
{\an7}\h\h\hULTIMATELY ENDED UP IN
NEW YORK‘S CENTRAL PARK ZOO.
426
00:26:16,742 --> 00:26:22,214
{\an7}\h\hTODAY, MIDDLETON PLACE IS
A NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK.
427
00:26:22,247 --> 00:26:25,684
{\an7}ITS GARDENS WERE OPENED TO
\hTHE PUBLIC IN THE 1920s.
428
00:26:25,717 --> 00:26:27,652
{\an7}\h\h\hTHE GARDEN CLUB
OF AMERICA CALLED THEM
429
00:26:27,686 --> 00:26:30,088
{\an7}"THE MOST INTERESTING
AND IMPORTANT GARDENS
430
00:26:30,122 --> 00:26:33,058
{\an7}IN THE UNITED STATES."
431
00:26:33,092 --> 00:26:36,762
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hFROM THE AIR
IT‘S EASY TO SEE WHY.
432
00:26:41,767 --> 00:26:44,770
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hMOVING INLAND FROM
SOUTH CAROLINA‘S COASTLINE,
433
00:26:44,803 --> 00:26:48,140
{\an7}A ROLLING LANDSCAPE BECKONS.
434
00:26:48,173 --> 00:26:51,009
{\an7}THIS IS NORTH AMERICA‘S
\h\hLARGEST INTACT AREA
435
00:26:51,043 --> 00:26:55,114
{\an7}\h\hOF OLD GROWTH
FLOODPLAIN FOREST.
436
00:26:55,147 --> 00:26:56,515
{\an7}THIS FERTILE REGION
\h\h\hONCE BELONGED
437
00:26:56,548 --> 00:27:00,685
{\an7}TO A NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBE
\h\h\hCALLED THE CONGAREE.
438
00:27:00,719 --> 00:27:04,156
{\an7}PERIODICALLY, NEARBY RIVERS
\h\h\h\h\hFLOOD THE FOREST,
439
00:27:04,189 --> 00:27:06,291
{\an7}\h\hSUPPLYING IT WITH
NUTRIENTS AND SEDIMENT
440
00:27:06,325 --> 00:27:08,093
{\an7}THAT CREATE A RICH ECOSYSTEM
441
00:27:08,127 --> 00:27:14,867
{\an7}THAT‘S HOME TO A WIDE VARIETY OF
FISH, REPTILES, AND INSECTS.
442
00:27:14,900 --> 00:27:18,937
{\an7}WHEN EUROPEAN SETTLERS ARRIVED
\hHERE THEY BROUGHT SMALLPOX,
443
00:27:18,971 --> 00:27:21,707
{\an7}WHICH NEARLY WIPED OUT
\h\h\h\hTHE CONGAREE.
444
00:27:21,740 --> 00:27:23,709
{\an7}THE FEW MEMBERS OF THE TRIBE
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT REMAINED
445
00:27:23,742 --> 00:27:28,313
{\an7}WERE EITHER IMPRISONED OR KILLED
BY THE COLONISTS.
446
00:27:28,347 --> 00:27:31,116
{\an7}THERE ARE NO CONGAREE
\h\h\h\h\hLEFT TODAY,
447
00:27:31,150 --> 00:27:33,452
{\an7}BUT THIS VAST STRETCH OF
\h\h\hTHEIR ANCIENT LAND
448
00:27:33,485 --> 00:27:37,522
{\an7}REMAINS PRACTICALLY UNTOUCHED.
449
00:27:37,556 --> 00:27:41,360
{\an7}THE CONGAREE NATIONAL PARK
\h\h\hCOVERS 27,000 ACRES
450
00:27:41,393 --> 00:27:44,429
{\an7}AND IS HOME TO NEARLY
\h100 SPECIES OF TREES
451
00:27:44,463 --> 00:27:49,335
{\an7}AND A CANOPY THAT RISES HIGHER
\hTHAN THE AMAZON RAINFOREST.
452
00:27:52,871 --> 00:27:57,909
{\an7}\h\h\hTHE DAMPNESS HERE IS ALSO
WHAT‘S PROTECTED IT FROM PEOPLE.
453
00:27:57,943 --> 00:27:59,478
{\an7}IN THE EARLY 20th CENTURY,
454
00:27:59,511 --> 00:28:03,682
{\an7}\h\h\h\hA SINGLE LOGGING COMPANY
BOUGHT UP NEARLY ALL THIS LAND.
455
00:28:03,715 --> 00:28:07,919
{\an7}BUT THE TREES WERE SO WET THEY
WOULDN‘T EVEN FLOAT DOWNRIVER,
456
00:28:07,953 --> 00:28:11,223
{\an7}\h\h\h\hAND THE COMPANY QUICKLY
ABANDONED THEIR OPERATIONS HERE,
457
00:28:11,256 --> 00:28:16,928
{\an7}\h\hLEAVING THE CONGAREE‘S
FLOODPLAIN FORESTS INTACT.
458
00:28:16,962 --> 00:28:20,933
{\an7}20 MILES TO THE NORTHWEST
\h\hTHE FLOODPLAIN ENDS...
459
00:28:20,966 --> 00:28:26,271
{\an7}JUST BEFORE REACHING COLUMBIA,
THE CAPITAL OF SOUTH CAROLINA.
460
00:28:27,973 --> 00:28:30,742
{\an7}AT THE CENTER OF TOWN LIES ONE
OF THE MOST NOTABLE BUILDINGS
461
00:28:30,776 --> 00:28:35,581
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN THE COUNTRY--
THE SOUTH CAROLINA STATE HOUSE.
462
00:28:35,614 --> 00:28:38,484
{\an7}ITS MOST UNIQUE FEATURE
\h\h\h\h\h\hIS ITS DOME
463
00:28:38,517 --> 00:28:43,288
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hCOVERED WITH
44,000 POUNDS OF COPPER.
464
00:28:43,322 --> 00:28:45,024
{\an7}BUT WHAT‘S EVEN MORE REMARKABLE
465
00:28:45,057 --> 00:28:49,862
{\an7}IS THAT THIS STATE HOUSE
\h\h\hIS EVEN STANDING.
466
00:28:49,895 --> 00:28:54,233
{\an7}\h\hCONSTRUCTION OF A NEW
STATE HOUSE BEGAN IN 1851,
467
00:28:54,266 --> 00:28:56,468
{\an7}BUT THE FIRST STRUCTURE
\h\hHAD TO BE TORN DOWN
468
00:28:56,501 --> 00:29:00,672
{\an7}\hBECAUSE OF MAJOR
STRUCTURAL FLAWS.
469
00:29:00,706 --> 00:29:04,143
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hMAJOR JOHN NIERNSEE,
A VIENNA-BORN RAILWAY ENGINEER
470
00:29:04,176 --> 00:29:06,111
{\an7}TOOK OVER THE PROJECT.
471
00:29:06,144 --> 00:29:09,648
{\an7}\h\hBUT HIS STRUCTURE
WAS THREATENED BY WAR.
472
00:29:09,681 --> 00:29:14,486
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hON FEBRUARY 17, 1865,
GENERAL WILLIAM TECUMSEH SHERMAN
473
00:29:14,519 --> 00:29:18,390
{\an7}AND HIS UNION TROOPS
SWEPT INTO COLUMBIA.
474
00:29:18,423 --> 00:29:21,293
{\an7}FUELED BY ABANDONED BARRELS
\h\hOF CONFEDERATE WHISKEY,
475
00:29:21,326 --> 00:29:26,264
{\an7}THE DISORDERLY SOLDIERS PILLAGED
AND SET FIRE TO THE CITY.
476
00:29:26,298 --> 00:29:31,370
{\an7}\h\h\hA TOTAL OF 84 BLOCKS
BURNED IN A SINGLE NIGHT.
477
00:29:31,403 --> 00:29:35,240
{\an7}INCREDIBLY, THE NEW STATE HOUSE,
ALREADY UNDER CONSTRUCTION,
478
00:29:35,274 --> 00:29:37,943
{\an7}SURVIVED THE ATTACK.
479
00:29:37,976 --> 00:29:39,311
{\an7}BUT THE FIRES DID DESTROY
480
00:29:39,344 --> 00:29:42,380
{\an7}\hALL THE BUILDING‘S
ARCHITECTURAL PLANS.
481
00:29:42,414 --> 00:29:45,250
{\an7}AND WITH THE STATE‘S COFFERS
\hEMPTY AFTER THE CIVIL WAR,
482
00:29:45,284 --> 00:29:50,689
{\an7}THE BUILDING WASN‘T COMPLETED
\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hUNTIL 1903.
483
00:29:50,722 --> 00:29:55,527
{\an7}ITS CORINTHIAN COLUMNS ARE AMONG
THE LARGEST IN THE WORLD.
484
00:29:55,560 --> 00:29:59,597
{\an7}EACH IS CARVED FROM A SINGLE
MASSIVE HUNK OF BLUE GRANITE
485
00:29:59,631 --> 00:30:04,002
{\an7}THAT SLAVES PULLED FROM A QUARRY
JUST SOUTH OF THE CITY.
486
00:30:06,805 --> 00:30:08,440
{\an7}FOR NEARLY FOUR DECADES,
487
00:30:08,473 --> 00:30:12,210
{\an7}THE CONFEDERATE FLAG FLEW ATOP
\h\h\h\hTHE STATE HOUSE DOME.
488
00:30:12,244 --> 00:30:15,247
{\an7}IT WAS RAISED IN 1962
TO MARK THE SACRIFICES
489
00:30:15,280 --> 00:30:19,451
{\an7}OF WHITE SOUTH CAROLINIANS
\h\h\h\hIN THE CIVIL WAR.
490
00:30:19,484 --> 00:30:22,520
{\an7}BUT MANY SAW IT AS A SYMBOL
\h\hOF THE STATE‘S REBELLION
491
00:30:22,554 --> 00:30:25,524
{\an7}\h\h\h\hTO THE GROWING
CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT.
492
00:30:25,557 --> 00:30:28,360
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN 2000,
NEARLY 50,000 PROTESTERS
493
00:30:28,393 --> 00:30:30,762
{\an7}\hMARCHED UP MAIN STREET
TO THE STATE HOUSE STEPS
494
00:30:30,796 --> 00:30:34,700
{\an7}\hAND DEMANDED THAT
THE FLAG BE LOWERED.
495
00:30:34,733 --> 00:30:37,336
{\an7}\h\h\hLATER THAT YEAR
IT WAS FINALLY REMOVED
496
00:30:37,369 --> 00:30:39,705
{\an7}MAKING SOUTH CAROLINA
\h\h\h\hTHE LAST STATE
497
00:30:39,738 --> 00:30:43,942
{\an7}\h\hTO OFFICIALLY FLY
THE CONFEDERATE FLAG.
498
00:30:43,975 --> 00:30:45,243
{\an7}BUT THE CONFEDERATE SPIRIT
499
00:30:45,277 --> 00:30:48,747
{\an7}STILL COOKS UP CONTROVERSY
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hIN COLUMBIA.
500
00:30:48,780 --> 00:30:51,049
{\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE SAME DAY THAT
THE REBEL FLAG WAS REMOVED
501
00:30:51,083 --> 00:30:54,920
{\an7}FROM THE STATE HOUSE, THE OWNER
OF A POPULAR BARBECUE CHAIN
502
00:30:54,953 --> 00:31:00,325
{\an7}RAISED CONFEDERATE FLAGS OVER
\hHIS NINE LOCAL RESTAURANTS.
503
00:31:00,359 --> 00:31:04,296
{\an7}BARBECUE IS ALWAYS A CONTENTIOUS
SUBJECT IN THE CAROLINAS.
504
00:31:04,329 --> 00:31:07,032
{\an7}THE QUESTION OF MUSTARD VERSUS
\h\h\h\h\hTOMATO-BASED SAUCES
505
00:31:07,065 --> 00:31:09,768
{\an7}HAS BEEN KNOWN TO START DUELS.
506
00:31:09,801 --> 00:31:13,638
{\an7}\hBUT THE BATTLE WAGED BY THE
OWNER OF MAURICE‘S PIGGIE PARK
507
00:31:13,672 --> 00:31:15,240
{\an7}IS A RACIAL ONE.
508
00:31:15,273 --> 00:31:18,476
{\an7}\h\h\h\hMAURICE OPENLY DEFENDS
THE FORMER PRACTICE OF SLAVERY
509
00:31:18,510 --> 00:31:19,845
{\an7}IN THE STATE.
510
00:31:19,878 --> 00:31:23,248
{\an7}IN PROTEST, MAJOR STORE CHAINS
\h\h\h\h\hTHROUGHOUT THE SOUTH
511
00:31:23,281 --> 00:31:25,784
{\an7}HAVE PULLED ALL THE COMPANY‘S
\h\h\h\h\h\hBARBECUE PRODUCTS
512
00:31:25,817 --> 00:31:27,485
{\an7}FROM THEIR SHELVES.
513
00:31:29,588 --> 00:31:33,959
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hHEADING NORTH LIES
SOUTH CAROLINA‘S BACKCOUNTRY.
514
00:31:33,992 --> 00:31:37,262
{\an7}THESE FORESTS WERE ONCE HOME
\h\h\hTO THE CHEROKEE TRAIL,
515
00:31:37,295 --> 00:31:40,365
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hA KEY NATIVE AMERICAN
TRADE ROUTE THAT ONCE STRETCHED
516
00:31:40,399 --> 00:31:44,770
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hFROM CHARLESTON
ALL THE WAY TO TENNESSEE.
517
00:31:44,803 --> 00:31:48,440
{\an7}\hEUROPEAN SETTLERS USED
THE TRAIL TO EXPAND WEST
518
00:31:48,473 --> 00:31:53,078
{\an7}AND TRADE THEIR WEAPONS, RUM,
\h\h\hAND GUNPOWDER FOR PELTS.
519
00:31:53,111 --> 00:31:58,483
{\an7}IN 1748 ALONE, THE SKINS OF
\h160,000 DEER WERE EXPORTED
520
00:31:58,517 --> 00:32:04,023
{\an7}\hFROM SOUTH CAROLINA TO EUROPE
TO MAKE PANTS, GLOVES, AND HATS.
521
00:32:04,055 --> 00:32:07,225
{\an7}DEERSKIN WAS SOUTH CAROLINA‘S
\h\h\h\h\h\hBIGGEST COMMODITY
522
00:32:07,259 --> 00:32:10,996
{\an7}\hUNTIL THE ARRIVAL
OF RICE CULTIVATION.
523
00:32:11,029 --> 00:32:15,467
{\an7}\h\hBY 1775, A SETTLEMENT WITH
12 DWELLINGS AND A COURTHOUSE
524
00:32:15,500 --> 00:32:19,704
{\an7}WAS ESTABLISHED ON THE CHEROKEE
TRAIL NEAR A PLENTIFUL SPRING.
525
00:32:19,738 --> 00:32:23,375
{\an7}\h\h\h\hIT WAS NAMED 96,
FROM THE MISTAKEN BELIEF
526
00:32:23,408 --> 00:32:28,647
{\an7}THAT IT LAY 96 MILES AWAY FROM
THE CHEROKEE CAPITAL, KEOWEE.
527
00:32:28,680 --> 00:32:30,815
{\an7}THE VILLAGE HAS SINCE
\h\hBEEN RECONSTRUCTED
528
00:32:30,849 --> 00:32:36,488
{\an7}ALONG WITH A STOCKADE FORT BUILT
IN 1781 TO PROTECT THE SPRING.
529
00:32:40,392 --> 00:32:44,596
{\an7}NEARBY, AN ODD FORM APPEARS
\h\h\h\hON THE GROUND BELOW.
530
00:32:44,629 --> 00:32:48,466
{\an7}POINTS OF A STAR PUSHING UP
\h\h\h\h\h\hFROM THE EARTH.
531
00:32:48,500 --> 00:32:52,170
{\an7}THESE ARE THE REMAINS
\h\h\h\hOF STAR FORT.
532
00:32:52,204 --> 00:32:55,074
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hBRITISH LOYALISTS
BUILT THE FORT HERE IN 1780
533
00:32:55,106 --> 00:33:00,778
{\an7}\h\h\hWITH SLAVE LABOR TO DEFEND
THEMSELVES AGAINST REBEL FORCES.
534
00:33:00,812 --> 00:33:02,814
{\an7}THE FORT WAS DESIGNED
\h\hWITH EIGHT POINTS
535
00:33:02,848 --> 00:33:05,184
{\an7}TO HELP THE LOYALISTS
BETTER SEE THEIR ENEMY
536
00:33:05,217 --> 00:33:07,119
{\an7}AND FEND OFF THE ATTACK.
537
00:33:09,821 --> 00:33:14,559
{\an7}IN 1781, 1,000 PATRIOTS
\h\h\hATTACKED THE FORT.
538
00:33:14,593 --> 00:33:16,995
{\an7}\h\h\hTHE ENSUING BATTLE
BECAME THE LONGEST SIEGE
539
00:33:17,028 --> 00:33:20,798
{\an7}OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION.
540
00:33:20,832 --> 00:33:23,635
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hINSIDE THE FORT
LIE THE REMAINS OF A WELL
541
00:33:23,668 --> 00:33:26,471
{\an7}\h\hTHAT BRITISH FORCES DUG
HOPING TO SUSTAIN THEMSELVES
542
00:33:26,505 --> 00:33:28,907
{\an7}THROUGHOUT THE LONG SIEGE...
543
00:33:28,940 --> 00:33:31,376
{\an7}BUT THEY NEVER REACHED WATER.
544
00:33:35,514 --> 00:33:38,417
{\an7}HEADING TOWARDS THE NORTHWEST
\h\h\h\hBOUNDARY OF THE STATE,
545
00:33:38,450 --> 00:33:42,087
{\an7}THE BLUE RIDGE MOUNTAINS BECKON.
546
00:33:42,120 --> 00:33:44,456
{\an7}\hTHIS USED TO BE
CHEROKEE COUNTRY.
547
00:33:47,225 --> 00:33:50,128
{\an7}\hA LEGEND OF THE TRIBE
SAYS THAT A GIANT SPIRIT
548
00:33:50,161 --> 00:33:51,929
{\an7}USED TO SIT ON ONE
OF THESE MOUNTAINS
549
00:33:51,963 --> 00:33:55,166
{\an7}AND EAT FROM THE TOP OF ANOTHER.
550
00:33:58,069 --> 00:33:59,971
{\an7}TABLE ROCK, AS IT‘S CALLED,
551
00:34:00,005 --> 00:34:02,608
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hIS LOCATED IN
TABLE ROCK STATE PARK--
552
00:34:02,641 --> 00:34:07,446
{\an7}\hA PROTECTED WILDERNESS THAT
COVERS MORE THAN 3,000 ACRES.
553
00:34:09,381 --> 00:34:13,018
{\an7}IT‘S ALSO HOME TO
PINNACLE MOUNTAIN.
554
00:34:13,051 --> 00:34:14,986
{\an7}AT MORE THAN 3,400 FEET,
555
00:34:15,020 --> 00:34:17,189
{\an7}IT‘S THE HIGHEST PEAK
THAT‘S ENTIRELY WITHIN
556
00:34:17,222 --> 00:34:19,791
{\an7}THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA.
557
00:34:26,298 --> 00:34:29,635
{\an7}EAST OF THE BLUE RIDGE MOUNTAINS
LIES GAFFNEY.
558
00:34:29,668 --> 00:34:32,104
{\an7}IT WAS ONCE A THRIVING
\hTEXTILE MILL CENTER.
559
00:34:32,137 --> 00:34:36,775
{\an7}\hTODAY IT‘S A SLEEPY TOWN,
BUT ONE WITH ENORMOUS PRIDE.
560
00:34:36,808 --> 00:34:40,845
{\an7}ENOUGH TO ERECT A FOUR-STORY,
ONE MILLION GALLON WATER TANK
561
00:34:40,879 --> 00:34:43,115
{\an7}TO CELEBRATE IT.
562
00:34:43,148 --> 00:34:46,518
{\an7}LOCALS CALL IT THE PEACHOID.
563
00:34:46,551 --> 00:34:48,586
{\an7}PEACHES WERE ORIGINALLY
\h\h\hBROUGHT TO AMERICA
564
00:34:48,620 --> 00:34:52,257
{\an7}BY SPANISH EXPLORERS
\h\h\hIN THE 1500s.
565
00:34:52,290 --> 00:34:55,460
{\an7}AND WHEN ENGLISH COLONISTS
\hARRIVED 100 YEARS LATER,
566
00:34:55,493 --> 00:34:58,429
{\an7}THEY FOUND NATIVE AMERICANS
\h\hCULTIVATING THE FRUIT...
567
00:34:58,463 --> 00:34:59,931
{\an7}LEAVING THE SETTLERS TO BELIEVE
568
00:34:59,965 --> 00:35:04,703
{\an7}THAT PEACHES WERE ACTUALLY
NATIVE TO SOUTH CAROLINA.
569
00:35:04,736 --> 00:35:08,607
{\an7}BUILT IN 1981, THE WATER TOWER
WAS DESIGNED AS A GIANT PEACH
570
00:35:08,640 --> 00:35:09,774
{\an7}TO LET THE WORLD KNOW
571
00:35:09,808 --> 00:35:12,678
{\an7}\hTHAT SOUTH CAROLINA
PRODUCES MORE PEACHES
572
00:35:12,711 --> 00:35:17,549
{\an7}\h\hTHAN THE SO-CALLED
PEACH STATE, GEORGIA.
573
00:35:17,582 --> 00:35:21,252
{\an7}\h\hIN FACT, SOUTH CAROLINA
NOW OFFICIALLY CALLS ITSELF
574
00:35:21,286 --> 00:35:24,122
{\an7}"THE TASTIER PEACH STATE."
575
00:35:27,892 --> 00:35:31,229
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hANOTHER SMALL
UPSTATE SOUTH CAROLINA TOWN
576
00:35:31,262 --> 00:35:34,799
{\an7}\h\hIS HOME TO A UNIQUE
AMERICAN SUCCESS STORY.
577
00:35:34,833 --> 00:35:39,137
{\an7}\hAS IN GAFFNEY, TEXTILE MILLS
THRIVED IN THE TOWN OF GREER.
578
00:35:39,170 --> 00:35:40,605
{\an7}BUT BY THE 1970s,
579
00:35:40,639 --> 00:35:44,877
{\an7}COMPETITION FROM ASIA SENT
\hTHE REGION INTO DECLINE.
580
00:35:44,909 --> 00:35:50,014
{\an7}\hTHEN, IN THE EARLY 1990s, BMW
OPENED ITS FIRST AND ONLY PLANT
581
00:35:50,048 --> 00:35:55,687
{\an7}IN THE UNITED STATES, RIGHT HERE
IN THE SMALL TOWN OF GREER.
582
00:35:55,720 --> 00:35:58,890
{\an7}\hTHIS STATE-OF-THE-ART FACTORY
COVERS FOUR MILLION SQUARE FEET,
583
00:35:58,923 --> 00:36:02,860
{\an7}\h\h\hAN AREA THE SIZE OF
NEARLY 70 FOOTBALL FIELDS.
584
00:36:02,894 --> 00:36:08,633
{\an7}INSIDE, 7,000 WORKERS PRODUCE
ABOUT 600 VEHICLES EVERY DAY--
585
00:36:08,667 --> 00:36:12,538
{\an7}ONE OUT OF EVERY SIX THAT
\h\h\h\hTHE COMPANY MAKES.
586
00:36:12,570 --> 00:36:14,672
{\an7}AFTER THEY ROLL OFF
\hTHE ASSEMBLY LINE,
587
00:36:14,706 --> 00:36:17,442
{\an7}\hTHESE LUXURY CARS ARE
SHIPPED ACROSS THE U.S.
588
00:36:17,475 --> 00:36:23,281
{\an7}AND FROM THE PORT OF CHARLESTON
INTO 130 MARKETS WORLDWIDE.
589
00:36:23,314 --> 00:36:25,950
{\an7}\h\h\h\hTODAY, MANY CALL
THE REGION AROUND GREER
590
00:36:25,984 --> 00:36:28,453
{\an7}THE DETROIT OF THE SOUTH.
591
00:36:32,891 --> 00:36:36,328
{\an7}TRAVELING SOUTH OF GREER
\hIS A TRIP BACK IN TIME
592
00:36:36,361 --> 00:36:37,662
{\an7}TO A PLACE WHERE PIONEERS
593
00:36:37,696 --> 00:36:41,066
{\an7}SETTLED THEIR DIFFERENCES
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWITH BLOOD.
594
00:36:41,099 --> 00:36:46,471
{\an7}\h\h\hTODAY, EDGEFIELD IS BY ALL
APPEARANCES PEACEFUL AND QUAINT.
595
00:36:46,504 --> 00:36:48,172
{\an7}BUT IN THE EARLY 19th CENTURY,
596
00:36:48,206 --> 00:36:50,008
{\an7}\h\h\h\hTHIS TOWN AND
THE SURROUNDING COUNTY
597
00:36:50,041 --> 00:36:53,578
{\an7}\h\h\hHAD ONE OF THE HIGHEST
MURDER RATES IN THE COUNTRY.
598
00:36:53,611 --> 00:36:56,114
{\an7}LOCAL LEGEND SAYS THAT
BLOOD HAS BEEN SPILLED
599
00:36:56,147 --> 00:36:59,283
{\an7}OVER EVERY SQUARE FOOT
\hOF THIS TOWN CENTER.
600
00:36:59,317 --> 00:37:01,820
{\an7}ACCUSED CRIMINALS
\hWERE TRIED HERE
601
00:37:01,853 --> 00:37:03,955
{\an7}AT THE EDGEFIELD COURTHOUSE.
602
00:37:03,988 --> 00:37:06,290
{\an7}ONE OF THE MOST COLORFUL TRIALS
OF THE DAY
603
00:37:06,324 --> 00:37:09,861
{\an7}WAS THAT OF A YOUNG BEAUTY
\h\h\hNAMED BECKY COTTON.
604
00:37:09,894 --> 00:37:13,631
{\an7}\hSHE HAD MURDERED HER FIRST
HUSBAND WITH A LARGE NEEDLE,
605
00:37:13,665 --> 00:37:15,200
{\an7}POISONED HER SECOND,
606
00:37:15,233 --> 00:37:17,902
{\an7}AND PUT AN AXE THROUGH THE SKULL
OF HER THIRD.
607
00:37:17,936 --> 00:37:22,474
{\an7}BUT SURPRISINGLY, SHE WAS
ACQUITTED ON ALL CHARGES.
608
00:37:22,507 --> 00:37:25,877
{\an7}SOME SAY SHE USED HER BEAUTY
\h\hTO WIN OVER THE JURY...
609
00:37:25,910 --> 00:37:27,845
{\an7}AND PERHAPS THEY‘RE RIGHT--
610
00:37:27,879 --> 00:37:31,149
{\an7}BECKY COTTON WENT ON TO MARRY
\h\h\h\h\hONE OF THE JURYMEN.
611
00:37:31,182 --> 00:37:32,717
{\an7}BUT BEFORE SHE COULD KILL HIM
612
00:37:32,751 --> 00:37:35,320
{\an7}\h\h\hHER OWN BROTHER
MURDERED HER FIRST...
613
00:37:35,353 --> 00:37:39,357
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hAND HE DID IT RIGHT ON
THE EDGEFIELD COURTHOUSE STEPS.
614
00:37:43,595 --> 00:37:45,831
{\an7}TODAY, EDGEFIELD COUNTY
\h\hIS BETTER REMEMBERED
615
00:37:45,864 --> 00:37:49,000
{\an7}\hAS THE BIRTHPLACE OF TEN
SOUTH CAROLINA GOVERNORS,
616
00:37:49,033 --> 00:37:52,703
{\an7}\h\h\hFIVE LIEUTENANT GOVERNORS,
AND A NUMBER OF STATE SENATORS,
617
00:37:52,737 --> 00:37:54,739
{\an7}INCLUDING THE OLDEST
\h\hAND LONGEST ONE
618
00:37:54,773 --> 00:37:58,510
{\an7}TO SERVE IN THE STATE‘S HISTORY:
STROM THURMOND.
619
00:37:58,543 --> 00:38:01,179
{\an7}\h\hWEST OF EDGEFIELD,
THESE PEACEFUL WATERS
620
00:38:01,212 --> 00:38:04,015
{\an7}\h\hHAVE BEEN NAMED
IN THURMOND‘S HONOR.
621
00:38:04,048 --> 00:38:07,585
{\an7}STROM THURMOND LAKE
COVERS 71,000 ACRES
622
00:38:07,619 --> 00:38:11,523
{\an7}\h\hAND IS SURROUNDED BY
A 1,200-MILE SHORELINE.
623
00:38:11,556 --> 00:38:15,360
{\an7}IT‘S ONE OF THE LARGEST INLAND
BODIES OF WATER IN THE SOUTH.
624
00:38:15,393 --> 00:38:17,395
{\an7}AND WHILE IT MAY NOT
\h\h\hLOOK LIKE IT,
625
00:38:17,428 --> 00:38:20,665
{\an7}THE LAKE IS ENTIRELY MANMADE.
626
00:38:23,201 --> 00:38:25,503
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\hIT WAS CREATED WHEN
THE U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
627
00:38:25,537 --> 00:38:28,707
{\an7}BUILT THE STROM THURMOND DAM ON
THE SAVANNAH RIVER
628
00:38:28,740 --> 00:38:32,277
{\an7}IN ORDER TO STOP FLOODING
IN COMMUNITIES DOWNSTREAM
629
00:38:32,310 --> 00:38:35,146
{\an7}AND TO PROVIDE POWER
\h\h\hFOR THE STATE.
630
00:38:40,919 --> 00:38:44,055
{\an7}\h\h\h\hTHE SAVANNAH RIVER
STRETCHES OVER 300 MILES--
631
00:38:44,088 --> 00:38:46,257
{\an7}\hFROM THE FOOTHILLS OF
THE BLUE RIDGE MOUNTAINS
632
00:38:46,291 --> 00:38:48,960
{\an7}ALL THE WAY TO THE ATLANTIC.
633
00:38:48,993 --> 00:38:53,965
{\an7}THE RIVER DIVIDES SOUTH CAROLINA
FROM GEORGIA TO THE SOUTH.
634
00:38:53,998 --> 00:38:57,668
{\an7}\h\hLYING IN THE MIDST OF THIS
SEEMINGLY PRISTINE WILDERNESS
635
00:38:57,702 --> 00:39:01,372
{\an7}IS A VAST, ONCE TOP SECRET
\h\h\h\hINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
636
00:39:01,406 --> 00:39:04,242
{\an7}THAT COVERS 300 SQUARE MILES.
637
00:39:06,110 --> 00:39:07,979
{\an7}THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE
\h\h\h\h\h\h\hWAS BUILT
638
00:39:08,012 --> 00:39:12,183
{\an7}BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
IN THE 1950s.
639
00:39:12,217 --> 00:39:16,488
{\an7}FOR DECADES, UP TO FIVE GIANT
\h\h\h\hREACTORS PRODUCED 40%
640
00:39:16,521 --> 00:39:20,759
{\an7}OF THE PLUTONIUM USED TO BUILD
THE NATION‘S NUCLEAR WEAPONS.
641
00:39:22,493 --> 00:39:25,663
{\an7}\h\hTODAY THE REACTORS AND THE
SITE‘S OTHER PROCESSING PLANTS
642
00:39:25,697 --> 00:39:27,032
{\an7}HAVE BEEN SHUT DOWN.
643
00:39:27,065 --> 00:39:31,870
{\an7}THEY WERE TOO OLD TO OPERATE
\hWITHOUT EXPENSIVE REPAIRS.
644
00:39:31,903 --> 00:39:33,772
{\an7}AND THE SITE IS NOW CONTAMINATED
645
00:39:33,805 --> 00:39:37,642
{\an7}WITH TENS OF MILLIONS OF GALLONS
OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE.
646
00:39:37,675 --> 00:39:42,813
{\an7}\hTHE PLAN IS TO ENTOMB THE OLD
REACTORS AND SEAL OFF THE WASTE.
647
00:39:42,847 --> 00:39:45,850
{\an7}BUT THAT‘S EXPECTED TO TAKE
\hA VAST AMOUNT OF CEMENT--
648
00:39:45,884 --> 00:39:51,056
{\an7}\hENOUGH TO FILL FOUR HOME DEPOT
STORES RIGHT UP TO THEIR ROOFS.
649
00:39:57,528 --> 00:40:00,898
{\an7}60 MILES UP THE COAST FROM
THE MOUTH OF THE SAVANNAH
650
00:40:00,932 --> 00:40:02,467
{\an7}IS WADMALAW ISLAND,
651
00:40:02,500 --> 00:40:06,838
{\an7}\h\h\h\hHOME TO A UNIQUE
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT.
652
00:40:06,871 --> 00:40:08,272
{\an7}IN THE LATE 19th CENTURY,
653
00:40:08,306 --> 00:40:09,874
{\an7}THE AMERICAN DEPARTMENT
\h\h\h\h\hOF AGRICULTURE
654
00:40:09,908 --> 00:40:13,378
{\an7}\h\hWAS SEARCHING FOR NEW
FINANCIALLY VIABLE CROPS.
655
00:40:13,411 --> 00:40:19,517
{\an7}\h\hUNTIL THEN, ALMOST ALL OF
AMERICA‘S TEA CAME FROM ASIA.
656
00:40:19,550 --> 00:40:22,553
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHEY DISCOVERED THAT
SOUTH CAROLINA‘S HUMID CLIMATE
657
00:40:22,587 --> 00:40:27,826
{\an7}AND SANDY SOIL COULD BE PERFECT
FOR GROWING HIGH QUALITY TEA.
658
00:40:27,859 --> 00:40:31,529
{\an7}\hBUT THE LABOR COST OF PICKING
THE TEA LEAVES IN SOUTH CAROLINA
659
00:40:31,562 --> 00:40:35,733
{\an7}WAS EIGHT TIMES MORE EXPENSIVE
THAN IT WAS IN CHINA OR INDIA,
660
00:40:35,767 --> 00:40:40,405
{\an7}AND AFTER JUST FOUR YEARS
THE VENTURE WAS SHUT DOWN.
661
00:40:40,438 --> 00:40:45,076
{\an7}HOWEVER, ANOTHER TEA PLANTATION
WAS FOUNDED NEARBY IN 1888,
662
00:40:45,109 --> 00:40:50,748
{\an7}\h\hPRODUCING AWARD-WINNING TEAS
UNTIL ITS OWNER‘S DEATH IN 1915.
663
00:40:50,782 --> 00:40:54,419
{\an7}THEN, THE TEA PLANTS GREW WILD
\hUNTIL THEY WERE TRANSPLANTED
664
00:40:54,452 --> 00:40:59,290
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hAND CULTIVATED BY
THE LIPTON TEA COMPANY IN 1963.
665
00:40:59,324 --> 00:41:01,593
{\an7}FEARING THE INSTABILITY OF
THE THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
666
00:41:01,626 --> 00:41:05,096
{\an7}\h\hTHAT PRODUCED SO MUCH OF ITS
TEA, LIPTON WANTED TO EXPERIMENT
667
00:41:05,129 --> 00:41:08,265
{\an7}WITH CREATING ITS OWN
\h\hWORKING TEA FARM.
668
00:41:08,299 --> 00:41:10,268
{\an7}THE COMPANY EVENTUALLY
\h\hSOLD THE VENTURE,
669
00:41:10,301 --> 00:41:13,437
{\an7}BUT TODAY THE TEA PLANTATION
\h\h\h\hREMAINS IN OPERATION
670
00:41:13,471 --> 00:41:16,774
{\an7}AS THE COUNTRY‘S ONLY
COMMERCIAL TEA GARDEN.
671
00:41:16,808 --> 00:41:19,611
{\an7}THE AMERICAN CLASSIC BRAND
\hOF TEA THAT IT PRODUCES
672
00:41:19,644 --> 00:41:22,780
{\an7}IS THE OFFICIAL TEA
OF THE WHITE HOUSE.
673
00:41:26,250 --> 00:41:28,953
{\an7}SOUTHWEST IS ANOTHER
\h\h\hBARRIER ISLAND
674
00:41:28,987 --> 00:41:33,792
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\hTHAT ONCE PRODUCED
THE FINEST COTTON IN THE WORLD.
675
00:41:33,825 --> 00:41:37,562
{\an7}HILTON HEAD ISLAND COVERS
MORE THAN 40 SQUARE MILES,
676
00:41:37,595 --> 00:41:41,466
{\an7}\h\hAND IS ONE OF THE LARGEST
BARRIER ISLANDS ON THE COAST.
677
00:41:41,499 --> 00:41:43,901
{\an7}IT‘S HAD MANY INHABITANTS
\h\h\hOVER THE CENTURIES,
678
00:41:43,935 --> 00:41:47,939
{\an7}INCLUDING NATIVE AMERICANS
\h\hAND SPANISH EXPLORERS.
679
00:41:47,972 --> 00:41:49,974
{\an7}\h\h\h\hBUT IT WASN‘T UNTIL
THE BRITISH COTTON PLANTERS
680
00:41:50,008 --> 00:41:52,043
{\an7}ARRIVED HERE AROUND 1800
681
00:41:52,076 --> 00:41:56,213
{\an7}THAT THE ISLAND DEVELOPED INTO
\h\h\hAN ECONOMIC POWERHOUSE.
682
00:41:56,247 --> 00:41:58,082
{\an7}BY THE START OF THE CIVIL WAR,
683
00:41:58,116 --> 00:42:00,452
{\an7}MORE THAN 20 PLANTATIONS
\h\h\h\h\hHAD SPRUNG UP,
684
00:42:00,485 --> 00:42:02,153
{\an7}INCLUDING THE FIRST IN AMERICA
685
00:42:02,186 --> 00:42:04,822
{\an7}TO GROW EXTRA-LONG
\h\hSTAPLE COTTON,
686
00:42:04,856 --> 00:42:08,259
{\an7}BETTER KNOWN AS EGYPTIAN COTTON.
687
00:42:08,292 --> 00:42:10,494
{\an7}COTTON MAY NO LONGER
\h\h\hBE KING HERE,
688
00:42:10,528 --> 00:42:14,298
{\an7}BUT THE ISLAND IS STILL
AN ECONOMIC POWERHOUSE.
689
00:42:14,332 --> 00:42:18,870
{\an7}\hEVERY YEAR, TOURISTS PUMP
ROUGHLY 1.5 BILLION DOLLARS
690
00:42:18,903 --> 00:42:21,472
{\an7}INTO HILTON HEAD‘S ECONOMY.
691
00:42:25,710 --> 00:42:27,045
{\an7}JUST NORTH OF HILTON HEAD
692
00:42:27,078 --> 00:42:31,349
{\an7}LIES ONE OF THE TOUGHEST
\h\h\h\hPLACES ON EARTH.
693
00:42:31,382 --> 00:42:34,185
{\an7}PARRIS ISLAND HAD BEEN HOME TO
\h\h\h\hTHE U.S. MARINE CORPS
694
00:42:34,218 --> 00:42:36,153
{\an7}SINCE 1891.
695
00:42:37,955 --> 00:42:41,192
{\an7}\hIT‘S HERE WHERE NEWLY ENLISTED
RECRUITS ARE TURNED INTO MARINES
696
00:42:41,225 --> 00:42:44,061
{\an7}IN JUST 13 WEEKS.
697
00:42:44,095 --> 00:42:46,464
{\an7}TODAY, DRILL INSTRUCTORS
\h\h\hTRAIN AN ESTIMATED
698
00:42:46,497 --> 00:42:51,502
{\an7}\h\h\h\h19,000 MEN AND WOMEN
AT PARRIS ISLAND EACH YEAR.
699
00:42:51,536 --> 00:42:54,172
{\an7}THE HUMORIST ART BUCHWALD,
\h\h\h\h\hA FORMER MARINE
700
00:42:54,205 --> 00:42:55,907
{\an7}WHO GOT HIS TRAINING
\hAT PARRIS ISLAND,
701
00:42:55,940 --> 00:43:00,144
{\an7}DESCRIBED HIS EXPERIENCE THERE
\h\h\hAS, "A VERY PAINFUL ONE,
702
00:43:00,178 --> 00:43:04,149
{\an7}WHICH IS EXACTLY HOW THE MARINES
INTENDED IT TO BE."
703
00:43:04,182 --> 00:43:06,284
{\an7}\h\hITS PURPOSE HE SAID
WAS TO "BREAK YOU DOWN,
704
00:43:06,317 --> 00:43:08,486
{\an7}AND THEN REBUILD YOU
\h\h\hINTO A SOLDIER
705
00:43:08,519 --> 00:43:10,221
{\an7}\h\hWHO WILL NEVER
QUESTION AN ORDER,
706
00:43:10,254 --> 00:43:12,156
{\an7}WHO WILL ALWAYS WORRY
\h\hABOUT THEIR BUDDY,
707
00:43:12,190 --> 00:43:16,528
{\an7}AND WHO SOMEDAY WILL WALK
\hAS TALL AS JOHN WAYNE."
708
00:43:23,134 --> 00:43:25,937
{\an7}IN MARCH 1971, JOE FRAZIER
709
00:43:25,970 --> 00:43:28,206
{\an7}BECAME A HOUSEHOLD NAME
\h\h\h\hAROUND THE WORLD
710
00:43:28,239 --> 00:43:30,742
{\an7}\h\hWHEN HE KNOCKED DOWN
MUHAMMAD ALI IN ROUND 15
711
00:43:30,775 --> 00:43:33,478
{\an7}AT MADISON SQUARE GARDEN.
712
00:43:33,511 --> 00:43:36,080
{\an7}FRAZIER WAS BORN HERE
\h\h\h\h\hIN BEAUFORT,
713
00:43:36,114 --> 00:43:39,250
{\an7}\h\hSOUTH CAROLINA‘S
SECOND OLDEST TOWN.
714
00:43:39,283 --> 00:43:41,252
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hITS QUAINT,
HISTORIC STREETS AND HOUSES
715
00:43:41,285 --> 00:43:44,288
{\an7}HAVE MADE THIS TOWN
AN IDEAL MOVIE SET.
716
00:43:44,322 --> 00:43:46,658
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\h\hFILMS LIKE
FORREST GUMP, THE BIG CHILL,
717
00:43:46,691 --> 00:43:49,594
{\an7}\h\h\h\hPRINCE OF TIDES
WERE ALL SHOT HERE.
718
00:43:49,627 --> 00:43:51,996
{\an7}CELEBRITIES OFTEN STAY
AT THE RHETT HOUSE INN
719
00:43:52,029 --> 00:43:53,430
{\an7}ON CRAVEN STREET,
720
00:43:53,464 --> 00:43:59,103
{\an7}A CLASSIC 1820 PLANTATION HOUSE
TURNED LUXURY HOTEL.
721
00:43:59,137 --> 00:44:00,705
{\an7}DURING THE CIVIL WAR,
722
00:44:00,738 --> 00:44:04,809
{\an7}BEAUFORT WAS MORE FORTUNATE THAN
MANY OF ITS NEIGHBORING TOWNS.
723
00:44:04,842 --> 00:44:06,143
{\an7}WHEREVER THEY WENT,
724
00:44:06,177 --> 00:44:10,181
{\an7}\hNORTHERN TROOPS LEFT
A PATH OF DESTRUCTION.
725
00:44:10,214 --> 00:44:12,049
{\an7}BUT THE ARMY SPARED BEAUFORT,
726
00:44:12,083 --> 00:44:15,053
{\an7}\hUSING IT INSTEAD AS
A UNION HEADQUARTERS.
727
00:44:15,086 --> 00:44:19,123
{\an7}AS A RESULT, MANY OF THE CITY‘S
HISTORIC ANTEBELLUM BUILDINGS
728
00:44:19,157 --> 00:44:21,026
{\an7}HAVE BEEN PRESERVED.
729
00:44:23,427 --> 00:44:28,666
{\an7}\hFROM ITS BARRIER ISLANDS,
ALONG ITS PRISTINE BEACHES,
730
00:44:28,699 --> 00:44:34,471
{\an7}AND INLAND ACROSS ITS GIANT
\h\h\h\h\hFLOODPLAIN FOREST,
731
00:44:34,505 --> 00:44:38,509
{\an7}SOUTH CAROLINA IS AS MUCH
DEFINED BY ITS WILD SPACES
732
00:44:38,543 --> 00:44:42,981
{\an7}AS IT IS BY THE HISTORY
\hWOVEN INTO ITS EARTH.
733
00:44:43,014 --> 00:44:47,185
{\an7}TO SEE SOUTH CAROLINA BY AIR
\h\h\hIS A CHANCE TO EXPLORE
734
00:44:47,218 --> 00:44:49,520
{\an7}THE TRUE SPIRIT OF THE SOUTH.
735
00:44:49,554 --> 00:44:52,424
{\an7}FROM THE ELEGANT STREETS
\h\h\h\h\hOF CHARLESTON,
736
00:44:52,456 --> 00:44:56,660
{\an7}TO THE ROUGH FRONTIER VILLAGES
\h\h\h\h\h\hOF EARLY PIONEERS,
737
00:44:56,694 --> 00:44:58,262
{\an7}TO THE GIANT PLANTATIONS
738
00:44:58,296 --> 00:45:01,432
{\an7}\h\h\h\h\hTHAT BUILT SOME OF
AMERICA‘S BIGGEST FORTUNES,
739
00:45:01,465 --> 00:45:04,735
{\an7}\h\hAND THE STORIES OF THOSE
WHO WERE BROUGHT UNWILLINGLY
740
00:45:04,769 --> 00:45:06,337
{\an7}TO ITS SHORES...
741
00:45:06,370 --> 00:45:08,739
{\an7}AERIAL SOUTH CAROLINA
\h\h\h\hTRAVELS ACROSS
742
00:45:08,773 --> 00:45:11,542
{\an7}AMERICA‘S SMALLEST
\h\hSOUTHERN STATE
743
00:45:11,576 --> 00:45:16,247
{\an7}WHOSE STORIES ARE AS BIG
\hAS THE NATION ITSELF.
91526
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