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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:01,418 --> 00:00:04,376 Imagine you're at the movies. 2 00:00:26,959 --> 00:00:32,168 MY JOURNEY THROUGH FRENCH CINEMA 3 00:00:46,376 --> 00:00:50,084 FORGOTTEN FILMMAKERS 4 00:00:50,251 --> 00:00:53,001 Nearly all the directors in this episode, 5 00:00:53,168 --> 00:00:54,876 all these forgotten names, 6 00:00:55,043 --> 00:01:00,376 had huge box office successes and enjoyed prestige as well. 7 00:01:00,543 --> 00:01:04,668 And then they virtually disappeared from collective memory. 8 00:01:04,834 --> 00:01:08,043 They were erased, eradicated. 9 00:01:08,209 --> 00:01:10,501 Lack of attention from the critics, 10 00:01:10,668 --> 00:01:13,876 lack of interest in the types of movies they made, 11 00:01:14,043 --> 00:01:17,251 a change in fashion, in sensibility, 12 00:01:17,418 --> 00:01:19,668 disappointing late careers. 13 00:01:20,168 --> 00:01:23,918 One man in the late 1970s 14 00:01:24,084 --> 00:01:26,668 championed at least three of these directors. 15 00:01:26,834 --> 00:01:30,293 That was Patrick Brion, in his legendary Cinéma de Minuit, 16 00:01:30,459 --> 00:01:34,709 the only one to program, to have restored 17 00:01:34,876 --> 00:01:37,126 and to defend films by Raymond Bernard, 18 00:01:37,293 --> 00:01:39,709 Maurice Tourneur and Anatole Litvak. 19 00:01:40,918 --> 00:01:45,751 Very early on, I was interested in films by some of these directors. 20 00:01:46,084 --> 00:01:50,959 I would discover the very brilliant, very immoral and very incisive 21 00:01:51,709 --> 00:01:53,168 With a Smile, 22 00:01:53,334 --> 00:01:56,793 the portrait of a cynical and wheedling opportunist 23 00:01:56,959 --> 00:01:59,501 who stops at nothing 24 00:01:59,668 --> 00:02:03,043 - blackmail, betrayal, lies - to get what he wants. 25 00:02:03,584 --> 00:02:05,876 Why that's terrible, Mr. Ledru. 26 00:02:06,043 --> 00:02:08,501 So you believe my wife is cheating? 27 00:02:09,543 --> 00:02:10,709 What? 28 00:02:11,126 --> 00:02:12,709 You didn't know? 29 00:02:13,376 --> 00:02:15,959 I'm so very sorry, Mr. Albert. 30 00:02:17,209 --> 00:02:19,418 I think I've committed a blunder. 31 00:02:20,001 --> 00:02:21,876 So who's criticizing me? 32 00:02:22,043 --> 00:02:25,126 Dear me, sir, I'm not an informer. 33 00:02:25,543 --> 00:02:27,626 And it's someone 34 00:02:27,793 --> 00:02:29,334 so close to you 35 00:02:30,168 --> 00:02:33,501 that your immediate associate, 36 00:02:33,918 --> 00:02:35,959 the person you trust the most... 37 00:02:36,126 --> 00:02:37,001 Bruzin? 38 00:02:37,334 --> 00:02:39,251 That hypocrite, that snake. 39 00:02:40,293 --> 00:02:42,459 He won't be around long. 40 00:02:43,501 --> 00:02:46,168 That will make Suzy Dorfeuil unhappy. 41 00:02:47,084 --> 00:02:49,293 Why? He's her lover? 42 00:02:50,084 --> 00:02:51,626 Didn't you know? 43 00:02:52,168 --> 00:02:55,376 He even goes after the Fine Arts School director, 44 00:02:55,543 --> 00:02:58,918 blackmailing him by making him think 45 00:02:59,084 --> 00:03:01,543 he knows secrets about his wife. 46 00:03:01,709 --> 00:03:02,709 Her mugshot? 47 00:03:03,959 --> 00:03:04,918 That's it. 48 00:03:05,418 --> 00:03:07,918 Filed under the name of Miss... 49 00:03:08,084 --> 00:03:09,376 Go on, say it. 50 00:03:09,543 --> 00:03:12,251 Emma Piedoux, alias The Tireless. 51 00:03:13,043 --> 00:03:16,876 Her maiden name. I'd have never dared utter it. 52 00:03:17,418 --> 00:03:18,793 Mr. Larmois, 53 00:03:18,959 --> 00:03:21,459 burn the record and I'll pay 100,000 francs. 54 00:03:21,626 --> 00:03:24,168 No, I want the Opera. 55 00:03:24,334 --> 00:03:25,626 You're obsessed. 56 00:03:26,126 --> 00:03:27,126 Very well. 57 00:03:27,876 --> 00:03:30,001 Four nice little 100-franc notes. 58 00:03:30,168 --> 00:03:34,418 The film's particular originality, as Jacques Lourcelles notes, 59 00:03:34,584 --> 00:03:36,334 is that instead of being dark, 60 00:03:36,501 --> 00:03:39,334 it is light-hearted, charming and insidious, 61 00:03:39,501 --> 00:03:43,001 double-faced like its hero's smile. 62 00:03:43,168 --> 00:03:46,709 My capital is very small 63 00:03:47,209 --> 00:03:50,626 I'm a Croesus in sandals 64 00:03:51,418 --> 00:03:54,626 But there's a feeling inside me 65 00:03:55,126 --> 00:03:58,209 This money will be multiplying 66 00:03:58,376 --> 00:04:00,834 The clever, original tone was credited 67 00:04:01,001 --> 00:04:04,918 to dramatist Louis Verneuil, author of My Cousin from Warsaw 68 00:04:05,084 --> 00:04:08,709 and the play that inspired Hitchcock's I Confess. 69 00:04:08,876 --> 00:04:12,334 But Christine Leteux, in her book on Maurice Tourneur, 70 00:04:12,501 --> 00:04:17,293 informs us that Verneuil only wrote a few paragraphs. 71 00:04:17,459 --> 00:04:21,459 Tired of waiting, Tourneur had contacted Carlo Rim, 72 00:04:21,626 --> 00:04:24,793 and asked him to write the screenplay and dialogue. 73 00:04:24,959 --> 00:04:27,334 He is the one who finally wrote it. 74 00:04:27,918 --> 00:04:29,084 Carlo Rim, 75 00:04:29,251 --> 00:04:31,126 who wrote the screenplay. 76 00:04:33,793 --> 00:04:37,418 And here is Maurice Tourneur, the director. 77 00:04:39,793 --> 00:04:42,001 The equally remarkable Justin de Marseille, 78 00:04:42,168 --> 00:04:44,376 again written by Carlo Rim, 79 00:04:44,543 --> 00:04:48,043 is an original blend of Marseille comedy, 80 00:04:48,209 --> 00:04:52,251 neo-realist moments, exotic scenes, 81 00:04:52,418 --> 00:04:53,459 and film noir 82 00:04:53,626 --> 00:04:55,876 against a backdrop of drug trafficking. 83 00:04:56,959 --> 00:04:59,459 - Justin, good fresh fish! - Thanks, no time. 84 00:04:59,626 --> 00:05:01,126 The finest. 85 00:05:01,293 --> 00:05:03,751 Doesn't Justin look fine today! 86 00:05:04,668 --> 00:05:06,043 Nice tie! 87 00:05:07,251 --> 00:05:09,334 Look at her eyes. 88 00:05:09,501 --> 00:05:12,918 A mobster who no longer respects the mob is done for! 89 00:05:13,084 --> 00:05:14,668 You hear me? 90 00:05:14,834 --> 00:05:16,709 Would you shut up! 91 00:05:16,876 --> 00:05:19,126 It's full of unusual touches, 92 00:05:19,293 --> 00:05:23,001 like this black pimp who meets a violent death. 93 00:05:36,084 --> 00:05:38,209 Or this shoot-out with police 94 00:05:38,376 --> 00:05:41,459 that ends in a very Scorsese-like tracking shot. 95 00:06:02,459 --> 00:06:04,251 The tone changes constantly, 96 00:06:04,418 --> 00:06:08,876 switching from a murder filmed American-style to a comical touch... 97 00:06:10,793 --> 00:06:13,834 - Oh boy! - He sure runs fast. 98 00:06:14,209 --> 00:06:16,126 to a hilarious scene... 99 00:06:21,168 --> 00:06:23,126 No time to lose. 100 00:06:23,293 --> 00:06:26,001 I'm chasing crooks and I'm running on empty. 101 00:06:27,293 --> 00:06:30,418 In this heat, I pity you, officer. 102 00:06:30,876 --> 00:06:33,334 But duty is duty, right? 103 00:06:35,876 --> 00:06:37,251 Say, officer, 104 00:06:37,418 --> 00:06:40,126 how 'bout a drink while you wait? 105 00:06:40,584 --> 00:06:43,501 I won't say no, but a quick one. 106 00:06:43,668 --> 00:06:46,668 I'll tell you about the case. It's like in the movies. 107 00:06:46,834 --> 00:06:48,584 Or this memorable family scene... 108 00:06:49,293 --> 00:06:51,709 If they do, he knows how to respond. 109 00:06:52,168 --> 00:06:55,418 Justin has men to enforce his will. And fists. 110 00:06:55,584 --> 00:06:57,584 - If that Italian keeps it up... - Shut up! 111 00:06:57,751 --> 00:06:59,709 I want to be left alone, Mama! 112 00:06:59,876 --> 00:07:02,834 - Would you shut up! - Only if I want to, dammit! 113 00:07:07,209 --> 00:07:10,793 Forgive me, Mama. I'm a bit on edge today, you know. 114 00:07:10,959 --> 00:07:12,168 I know. 115 00:07:15,043 --> 00:07:18,334 Another great Tourneur film, Au Nom de la loi, 116 00:07:18,501 --> 00:07:21,334 is striking in its documentary precision: 117 00:07:21,584 --> 00:07:23,543 these location shots, 118 00:07:23,709 --> 00:07:26,751 the discovery of a corpse in the river. 119 00:07:44,001 --> 00:07:45,668 Poor Clamart. 120 00:07:46,001 --> 00:07:47,709 It was bound to happen. 121 00:07:48,376 --> 00:07:50,918 He took a bullet in the back of the head. 122 00:07:58,001 --> 00:08:00,043 I'll get the one who did it. 123 00:08:01,001 --> 00:08:03,793 The film is full of documentary touches: 124 00:08:03,959 --> 00:08:06,584 There were no women in the police then, 125 00:08:06,751 --> 00:08:09,251 so it's the concierge at police headquarters 126 00:08:09,418 --> 00:08:11,834 who does the body searches. 127 00:08:22,709 --> 00:08:23,543 There! 128 00:08:36,584 --> 00:08:38,084 Grab his gun! 129 00:08:46,668 --> 00:08:49,001 That scene is realistic. 130 00:08:49,168 --> 00:08:52,543 They really come to blows. 131 00:08:52,709 --> 00:08:54,709 But above all, 132 00:08:54,876 --> 00:08:57,459 they bring the suspect back alive. 133 00:08:57,709 --> 00:08:59,334 You've got no evidence. 134 00:08:59,501 --> 00:09:03,126 You almost killed an inspector. You're good for the penal colony. 135 00:09:03,293 --> 00:09:05,668 Go on, talk, you're done for. 136 00:09:05,834 --> 00:09:07,751 It's not the colony, it's the guillotine. 137 00:09:07,918 --> 00:09:09,834 You killed Clamart. 138 00:09:10,001 --> 00:09:12,793 It wasn't me. I swear it wasn't me. 139 00:09:13,626 --> 00:09:17,626 There's a strong-arm interrogation scene with Gabriel Gabrio, 140 00:09:18,334 --> 00:09:21,626 suddenly interrupted by a meal being served. 141 00:09:22,584 --> 00:09:25,126 It gave the expression "sit down for dinner," 142 00:09:25,293 --> 00:09:26,876 i.e. "Spill the beans." 143 00:09:27,043 --> 00:09:30,334 What's funny is that crooks say it, too. 144 00:09:30,501 --> 00:09:32,834 They "sit down for dinner, " spill the beans. 145 00:09:33,001 --> 00:09:36,668 Ritually, it seems crazy. It's incredible folklore. 146 00:09:36,834 --> 00:09:39,584 When they confessed, they sat down for dinner. 147 00:09:40,001 --> 00:09:41,126 Amédée. 148 00:09:43,918 --> 00:09:44,876 Drink this. 149 00:09:48,001 --> 00:09:49,959 The taxi driver didn't talk. 150 00:09:50,126 --> 00:09:51,501 I don't think he did. 151 00:09:51,668 --> 00:09:55,084 But then Vanel offers him a glass of wine, 152 00:09:55,251 --> 00:09:57,543 and the look the two men exchange 153 00:09:57,709 --> 00:09:59,626 is quite amazing. 154 00:10:07,709 --> 00:10:08,876 Thanks. 155 00:10:11,126 --> 00:10:12,168 Come on. 156 00:10:14,459 --> 00:10:16,501 I'll get you, you know. 157 00:10:16,876 --> 00:10:18,793 Jean Gabin told me that back then 158 00:10:18,959 --> 00:10:22,293 shooting could last 10, 12, even 15 hours 159 00:10:22,459 --> 00:10:25,001 according to the producers' wishes. 160 00:10:25,168 --> 00:10:27,543 And he added - I can still hear his voice - 161 00:10:27,709 --> 00:10:30,626 "They paid us in wax beans." 162 00:10:30,793 --> 00:10:32,793 I'd asked him about Jacques. 163 00:10:32,959 --> 00:10:36,501 But he preferred to talk about his father Maurice, saying 164 00:10:36,668 --> 00:10:39,626 "He was the first director 165 00:10:39,793 --> 00:10:42,251 "to impose set hours, 166 00:10:42,418 --> 00:10:46,001 "who stopped at 7:30 or 8 p.m. 167 00:10:46,168 --> 00:10:47,918 "whatever we were shooting. 168 00:10:48,084 --> 00:10:52,876 "And then Tourneur would say, Now boys, make me laugh. 169 00:10:53,043 --> 00:10:55,168 "But he never laughed." 170 00:10:55,334 --> 00:10:57,293 Isn't there enough to do at the squadron? 171 00:10:57,876 --> 00:10:59,584 I don't have time, sir. 172 00:10:59,918 --> 00:11:01,043 Why not? 173 00:11:01,209 --> 00:11:03,334 I'm always in prison, so I can't go. 174 00:11:03,501 --> 00:11:05,251 I can't resist showing some shots 175 00:11:05,418 --> 00:11:07,001 from Gaîtés de l'escadron. 176 00:11:07,168 --> 00:11:10,668 The film contrasts with the coarse vaudevilles popular then, 177 00:11:10,834 --> 00:11:13,168 like Le Tampon du capiston. 178 00:11:13,334 --> 00:11:16,251 First because it's not a vaudeville 179 00:11:16,418 --> 00:11:20,084 but a satire of military life 180 00:11:20,251 --> 00:11:22,251 that's quite faithful to Courteline. 181 00:11:22,418 --> 00:11:24,876 There's no plot per se, 182 00:11:25,043 --> 00:11:27,668 no sudden developments, no mistaken identity, 183 00:11:27,834 --> 00:11:32,001 just a series of little incidents that Tourneur films 184 00:11:32,168 --> 00:11:33,793 with a slightly 185 00:11:34,001 --> 00:11:35,668 amused distance. 186 00:11:35,834 --> 00:11:37,584 - I'm too kind. - But sir... 187 00:11:37,751 --> 00:11:40,209 Everybody makes a monkey out of me. 188 00:11:40,376 --> 00:11:42,043 But they won't get away with it. 189 00:11:42,209 --> 00:11:44,168 Things are going to change! 190 00:11:44,876 --> 00:11:46,918 Smoking? Making a fool of me, too? 191 00:11:47,084 --> 00:11:48,501 Give me a light. 192 00:11:48,668 --> 00:11:51,293 Raimu portrays the ultimate Hurluret. 193 00:11:51,459 --> 00:11:53,459 I'm too nice. 194 00:12:03,084 --> 00:12:06,668 Some stencil colored shots that have been restored 195 00:12:06,834 --> 00:12:08,168 are marvelous. 196 00:12:15,334 --> 00:12:17,001 When you're a prisoner, 197 00:12:17,168 --> 00:12:19,543 the best chore is cleanup detail. 198 00:12:20,501 --> 00:12:23,168 So when's it finished? 199 00:12:23,918 --> 00:12:25,626 When there's no more dirt. 200 00:12:26,626 --> 00:12:28,709 With this, there's always dirt. 201 00:12:35,584 --> 00:12:36,418 Fooled you! 202 00:12:36,584 --> 00:12:40,001 You rascals sure have tricks. 203 00:12:41,293 --> 00:12:44,668 Dimwit! You almost knocked me down! 204 00:12:46,126 --> 00:12:50,334 Unable to work after a car accident in which he lost both legs, 205 00:12:50,501 --> 00:12:52,793 he translated thrillers. 206 00:12:52,959 --> 00:12:57,043 No one was interested in him except Jean Mitry. 207 00:12:57,209 --> 00:12:59,668 But he had help, writes Christine Leteux, 208 00:12:59,834 --> 00:13:02,501 from his former assistant, Clarence Brown, 209 00:13:03,209 --> 00:13:06,293 who had become an important director. 210 00:13:06,459 --> 00:13:10,001 Appalled to see him in such dire straits, 211 00:13:10,168 --> 00:13:12,251 Brown offered his support 212 00:13:12,418 --> 00:13:14,793 to this man whose work 213 00:13:15,376 --> 00:13:18,543 had had as much influence as Griffith's. 214 00:13:21,084 --> 00:13:22,876 As for Anatole Litvak, 215 00:13:23,043 --> 00:13:26,584 Pierre Rissient and I both regret 216 00:13:26,751 --> 00:13:28,543 to have passed him over, 217 00:13:28,709 --> 00:13:31,668 to have never tried to meet him. 218 00:13:31,834 --> 00:13:33,043 This Russian émigré 219 00:13:33,209 --> 00:13:35,043 who'd worked in many countries: 220 00:13:35,209 --> 00:13:36,043 Russia, 221 00:13:36,209 --> 00:13:38,418 Germany, which he left very early, 222 00:13:38,584 --> 00:13:40,376 France, the United States, 223 00:13:40,543 --> 00:13:44,168 was apparently generous, warm and welcoming. 224 00:13:44,334 --> 00:13:48,543 Admittedly, we were influenced by the tone of other critics. 225 00:13:48,709 --> 00:13:52,793 It's a very French habit to defend one director against another. 226 00:13:52,959 --> 00:13:55,334 We defended Preminger - that was fine - 227 00:13:55,501 --> 00:13:57,709 against Litvak, who had made 228 00:13:57,876 --> 00:14:00,293 several outmoded, disappointing films. 229 00:14:00,459 --> 00:14:05,251 As a result, we passed over a no doubt fascinating figure, 230 00:14:05,418 --> 00:14:09,793 a director who shot the first anti-Nazi film in the US, 231 00:14:09,959 --> 00:14:12,543 and several good films such as City for Conquest, 232 00:14:12,709 --> 00:14:14,584 Sorry, Wrong Number, 233 00:14:15,209 --> 00:14:18,459 and especially, Decision before Dawn, showing the twilight 234 00:14:18,626 --> 00:14:21,709 of Nazi Germany on the brink. 235 00:14:21,876 --> 00:14:26,376 Even his remake of Le Jour se lève, - The Long Night - 236 00:14:26,543 --> 00:14:28,751 deserves better than what was said. 237 00:14:28,918 --> 00:14:33,293 And he played an essential role in making the documentary series 238 00:14:33,459 --> 00:14:35,543 Why We Fight. 239 00:14:35,709 --> 00:14:39,168 People like Carl Foreman and Budd Schulberg told us 240 00:14:39,334 --> 00:14:42,043 that he'd been the conscience of those films. 241 00:14:42,209 --> 00:14:46,001 He'd been the brains, and his intellectual role 242 00:14:46,168 --> 00:14:49,376 had been much greater than Capra's. 243 00:14:49,793 --> 00:14:52,001 And all the films he made in the US 244 00:14:52,168 --> 00:14:54,793 - most of them in any case - 245 00:14:54,959 --> 00:14:59,751 were written by communist or very progressive screenwriters. 246 00:14:59,918 --> 00:15:04,626 It's no accident that he left the US 247 00:15:04,793 --> 00:15:06,626 in the late 1940s, 248 00:15:06,793 --> 00:15:09,543 when McCarthyism was on the rise 249 00:15:09,709 --> 00:15:12,043 and the witch-hunt had begun. 250 00:15:12,209 --> 00:15:15,793 I'm sure he could have told us much about all that. 251 00:15:18,959 --> 00:15:22,959 The first revelation came when I saw Lilac. 252 00:15:32,668 --> 00:15:36,293 The highly inventive mise en scene plays with sound 253 00:15:36,459 --> 00:15:39,459 as brilliantly as Renoir in La Chienne. 254 00:15:39,626 --> 00:15:41,709 Look at these location dolly shots. 255 00:15:41,876 --> 00:15:44,709 The choreography of various marches 256 00:15:44,876 --> 00:15:47,209 that end with a brilliant scene: 257 00:15:47,376 --> 00:15:49,918 the discovery of a corpse. 258 00:16:05,209 --> 00:16:06,959 Look at that guy! 259 00:16:22,918 --> 00:16:25,793 There's a guy in the grass. 260 00:16:25,959 --> 00:16:27,376 His head's all bloody. 261 00:16:27,543 --> 00:16:28,834 He's certainly dead. 262 00:16:34,001 --> 00:16:36,209 I thought you were a cop. 263 00:16:36,376 --> 00:16:38,376 Lilac masterfully juxtaposes 264 00:16:38,584 --> 00:16:40,293 very different genres and tones. 265 00:16:42,918 --> 00:16:43,918 Your papers. 266 00:16:44,709 --> 00:16:48,501 A police investigation with an undercover cop... 267 00:17:01,751 --> 00:17:03,084 Alright. 268 00:17:08,501 --> 00:17:12,501 Sentimental moments reminiscent of Frank Borzage's masterpieces... 269 00:17:12,668 --> 00:17:14,876 Still not getting off? 270 00:17:15,251 --> 00:17:18,084 You seem to like my car. 271 00:17:21,376 --> 00:17:23,876 Once more to the end of the line. 272 00:17:24,043 --> 00:17:25,959 Still 6 francs. 273 00:17:31,584 --> 00:17:32,626 Or comic moments 274 00:17:32,834 --> 00:17:34,418 like Fernandel's song... 275 00:17:34,584 --> 00:17:37,834 Don't cry if the bride's too pretty 276 00:17:38,001 --> 00:17:39,418 If she's got many charms 277 00:17:39,793 --> 00:17:41,084 Don't cry 278 00:17:41,251 --> 00:17:44,418 Don't cry if she's in other arms 279 00:17:44,584 --> 00:17:45,834 If she's stolen away 280 00:17:46,418 --> 00:17:47,751 Don't cry 281 00:17:48,084 --> 00:17:50,834 Shouldn't have chosen the envy of all 282 00:17:51,418 --> 00:17:54,376 An ugly one would be all yours 283 00:17:54,793 --> 00:17:57,626 Don't cry if the bride's too pretty 284 00:17:57,793 --> 00:17:59,251 If she's got many charms 285 00:17:59,626 --> 00:18:01,126 Don't cry 286 00:18:08,084 --> 00:18:10,876 The film turns its back on many clichés, 287 00:18:11,043 --> 00:18:14,293 as in this fight scene relegated off screen... 288 00:18:24,126 --> 00:18:26,293 We'll leave you to your happiness. 289 00:18:26,459 --> 00:18:29,543 Or this final scene, a breakup 290 00:18:29,709 --> 00:18:32,334 constantly interrupted by a wedding party... 291 00:18:38,668 --> 00:18:40,543 I thought that through you... 292 00:18:40,709 --> 00:18:42,168 And you figured, I did it. 293 00:18:42,626 --> 00:18:44,543 Lilac, listen. I'm telling you... 294 00:18:44,709 --> 00:18:47,293 I don't believe you! Not anymore. 295 00:18:48,126 --> 00:18:50,084 You've told me nothing but lies. 296 00:18:50,251 --> 00:18:53,793 You said you loved me. It was a lie to make me confess. 297 00:18:53,959 --> 00:18:55,043 Well, I confess. 298 00:18:55,376 --> 00:18:56,668 I killed Loriot. 299 00:18:59,084 --> 00:19:02,376 What are you waiting for to collect your bonus? 300 00:19:04,543 --> 00:19:06,209 Now what? 301 00:19:07,043 --> 00:19:08,668 Long camera movements 302 00:19:08,834 --> 00:19:11,834 and long takes were Litvak's trademark, 303 00:19:12,001 --> 00:19:13,876 as here, right from the opening scene 304 00:19:14,043 --> 00:19:16,084 of Cette vieille canaille... 305 00:19:52,168 --> 00:19:54,459 You came. You kept your word. 306 00:19:54,709 --> 00:19:57,918 In his autobiography, Elia Kazan writes 307 00:19:58,084 --> 00:20:00,626 that Litvak was the only director 308 00:20:00,793 --> 00:20:05,001 to impose that style of shot at Warner Bros. in the 1930s, 309 00:20:05,168 --> 00:20:08,876 the only one to choose his own angles and frames, 310 00:20:09,043 --> 00:20:12,668 never delegating to the cameraman. 311 00:20:14,209 --> 00:20:15,501 Flight into Darkness, 312 00:20:15,668 --> 00:20:18,418 with its remarkable aerial combat scenes 313 00:20:18,584 --> 00:20:21,709 underscored by Arthur Honegger's fine music 314 00:20:21,876 --> 00:20:23,584 was my second revelation. 315 00:20:23,751 --> 00:20:26,876 It was the first collaboration with Joseph Kessel, 316 00:20:27,043 --> 00:20:29,334 with whom he made five films. 317 00:20:47,168 --> 00:20:50,001 A story of friendship between two pilots, 318 00:20:50,168 --> 00:20:53,626 one of whom realizes he's in love with the other's wife, 319 00:20:53,793 --> 00:20:55,168 which will divide them, 320 00:20:55,334 --> 00:20:57,626 is hardly diminished 321 00:20:57,793 --> 00:21:00,668 by Jean-Pierre Aumont's rather tepid acting. 322 00:21:00,834 --> 00:21:03,876 Charles Vanel, once again admirable, 323 00:21:04,043 --> 00:21:05,834 ever so subtly plays 324 00:21:06,001 --> 00:21:08,376 a solitary character, tragic, 325 00:21:08,543 --> 00:21:11,209 vulnerable and unloved. 326 00:21:11,376 --> 00:21:14,001 Sorry, I'm ridiculously sensitive. 327 00:21:14,168 --> 00:21:16,293 Don't think badly of me for that. 328 00:21:17,001 --> 00:21:20,876 But sometimes I'm at the end of my rope. 329 00:21:22,959 --> 00:21:25,043 Life doesn't want me 330 00:21:25,918 --> 00:21:27,876 and neither does death. 331 00:21:29,876 --> 00:21:30,959 At times, 332 00:21:31,834 --> 00:21:32,959 I'd rather end it all. 333 00:21:33,584 --> 00:21:35,376 How can you say that? 334 00:21:36,418 --> 00:21:39,168 There are people who love you, waiting for you... 335 00:21:39,334 --> 00:21:41,126 You're right. 336 00:21:41,293 --> 00:21:43,668 I'm crazy. Yes... 337 00:21:44,668 --> 00:21:46,334 Of course someone loves me. 338 00:21:47,001 --> 00:21:48,001 My wife. 339 00:21:49,418 --> 00:21:52,626 We found the lyrical, yet restrained directing 340 00:21:52,793 --> 00:21:55,959 superior to Hawks' Dawn Patrol. 341 00:21:59,501 --> 00:22:02,251 In this admirably filmed scene, 342 00:22:02,418 --> 00:22:05,376 see how the horror of war leaps out. 343 00:22:07,043 --> 00:22:08,459 Come on! 344 00:22:18,376 --> 00:22:20,001 Get him out. Quick. 345 00:22:20,168 --> 00:22:21,751 A stretcher, fast! 346 00:22:22,001 --> 00:22:22,959 Maury! 347 00:22:23,126 --> 00:22:23,959 Sir? 348 00:22:24,126 --> 00:22:25,959 Didn't you notice you'd been hit? 349 00:22:26,126 --> 00:22:27,001 No, sir. 350 00:22:27,501 --> 00:22:29,584 The engine was talking too loud. 351 00:22:29,751 --> 00:22:30,709 Easy. 352 00:22:35,626 --> 00:22:38,376 Can't be any fun flying in that murk. 353 00:22:41,168 --> 00:22:44,043 You also sense it here in the mess hall, 354 00:22:44,209 --> 00:22:47,293 where they await the return of a crew, sent to slaughter 355 00:22:47,834 --> 00:22:50,626 on the general's stupid order. 356 00:23:05,209 --> 00:23:08,501 The love story brings out the violence 357 00:23:08,668 --> 00:23:10,918 and moves toward the tragic, 358 00:23:11,168 --> 00:23:14,168 as in this shot of Annabella, splendid, 359 00:23:14,334 --> 00:23:16,834 following the truck carrying her lover 360 00:23:17,001 --> 00:23:19,918 without noticing the wounded she passes. 361 00:23:37,918 --> 00:23:40,293 I might add this amusing tidbit: 362 00:23:40,751 --> 00:23:42,043 The Lady in the Car 363 00:23:42,209 --> 00:23:45,376 is one of Quentin Tarentino's favorites. 364 00:23:45,543 --> 00:23:49,709 He thought it was the coolest swan song 365 00:23:49,876 --> 00:23:53,084 of a filmmaker in the 1970s. 366 00:23:54,043 --> 00:23:56,459 Another long-forgotten director, 367 00:23:56,626 --> 00:23:59,209 Raymond Bernard, was recently rediscovered. 368 00:23:59,376 --> 00:24:02,501 Cahiers du Cinéma and Le Monde even ranked Wooden Crosses 369 00:24:02,668 --> 00:24:05,209 among the masterpieces of French cinema, 370 00:24:05,376 --> 00:24:08,043 taking the filmmaker out of a long purgatory, 371 00:24:08,209 --> 00:24:09,459 at least in France, 372 00:24:09,626 --> 00:24:13,584 despite the efforts of certain champions: 373 00:24:13,751 --> 00:24:16,918 Lenny Borger, Patrick Brion and Jacques Siclier. 374 00:24:18,126 --> 00:24:21,876 For many years, Wooden Crosses, based on a novel by Roland Dorgelès, 375 00:24:22,043 --> 00:24:26,126 was simply the film that ran on TV on Veterans Day. 376 00:24:26,918 --> 00:24:30,168 And yet, it is an exceptional film. 377 00:24:31,834 --> 00:24:36,918 Nearly all the actors had fought in World War I, 378 00:24:37,084 --> 00:24:39,709 which may explain the film's conviction, 379 00:24:39,876 --> 00:24:42,126 a blend of stark realism, 380 00:24:42,293 --> 00:24:44,668 as when the soldiers realize 381 00:24:44,834 --> 00:24:49,209 that a mine is being laid beneath their trench to blow them up. 382 00:24:53,334 --> 00:24:54,334 Yes. 383 00:24:55,543 --> 00:24:58,043 That's what it is. No surprise. 384 00:24:58,209 --> 00:25:00,418 They blew one up last month. 385 00:25:01,126 --> 00:25:02,418 Now what? 386 00:25:03,043 --> 00:25:05,293 I'll inform the major. 387 00:25:06,168 --> 00:25:08,876 And I'll go see about orders. 388 00:25:09,043 --> 00:25:10,834 What about us? 389 00:25:12,709 --> 00:25:15,543 Do we wait here? 390 00:25:15,709 --> 00:25:17,168 Of course. 391 00:25:17,334 --> 00:25:19,959 We can't abandon Mount Calvary, can we? 392 00:25:22,543 --> 00:25:26,459 After days of waiting, they meet the relief troops, 393 00:25:26,626 --> 00:25:28,626 a stark, devastating scene 394 00:25:28,793 --> 00:25:29,918 all the more terrible 395 00:25:30,084 --> 00:25:31,876 for its restraint. 396 00:25:59,126 --> 00:26:00,834 How many men were there? 397 00:26:01,418 --> 00:26:02,543 Eleven. 398 00:26:03,293 --> 00:26:04,918 And four gunners. 399 00:26:10,918 --> 00:26:14,543 The night attacks are among the finest war scenes 400 00:26:14,709 --> 00:26:16,251 in the history of cinema, 401 00:26:16,418 --> 00:26:19,376 with a remarkable use of sound, 402 00:26:19,543 --> 00:26:23,251 the first example of sound mixing in French film. 403 00:26:23,418 --> 00:26:27,501 The din of shellfire, whistling, explosions, 404 00:26:27,668 --> 00:26:32,418 had to be very pervasive without drowning out the dialogue. 405 00:26:33,043 --> 00:26:35,584 Artillery's firing short, sir! 406 00:26:35,751 --> 00:26:37,751 David, run to command. 407 00:26:37,918 --> 00:26:40,543 Have them advance our line of fire. 408 00:26:43,793 --> 00:26:46,168 I had tremendous difficulties. 409 00:26:46,334 --> 00:26:49,043 The talkies had only just begun. 410 00:26:49,209 --> 00:26:51,834 First we had to create 411 00:26:52,001 --> 00:26:54,626 the aural ambience of war. 412 00:26:54,793 --> 00:26:56,543 To create this ambience, 413 00:26:56,709 --> 00:27:01,668 we first needed to record the explosions 414 00:27:01,834 --> 00:27:06,584 of cannon fire, the rattle of machine guns, rifles. 415 00:27:06,751 --> 00:27:10,459 To achieve that, I tried out any number of things. 416 00:27:10,626 --> 00:27:13,334 I can't tell you how many microphones I ruined. 417 00:27:14,543 --> 00:27:16,251 After you, sir. 418 00:27:17,209 --> 00:27:18,668 Are you afraid? 419 00:27:18,834 --> 00:27:19,793 Me, afraid? 420 00:27:20,543 --> 00:27:21,918 I'll go over first. 421 00:27:22,543 --> 00:27:24,084 Morache is chickening out. 422 00:27:24,251 --> 00:27:25,793 He'll go over. 423 00:27:25,959 --> 00:27:27,918 Easier than putting them in the clink. 424 00:27:28,084 --> 00:27:30,168 A humanistic attention to character, 425 00:27:30,334 --> 00:27:32,126 a lack of incidental detail, 426 00:27:32,293 --> 00:27:35,043 - little is known about the protagonists - 427 00:27:35,209 --> 00:27:37,668 inform an unsparing denunciation 428 00:27:37,834 --> 00:27:40,584 of what they are enduring. 429 00:27:47,626 --> 00:27:50,043 No speeches, no statements, 430 00:27:50,209 --> 00:27:51,626 just facts 431 00:27:51,793 --> 00:27:55,126 and images remarkably photographed by Jules Kruger. 432 00:27:55,293 --> 00:27:59,834 There are astounding shots of incredible power and emotion. 433 00:28:00,751 --> 00:28:01,959 Forward! 434 00:28:25,376 --> 00:28:28,751 I wanted to make Wooden Crosses 435 00:28:28,918 --> 00:28:33,418 in a genuine human atmosphere. 436 00:28:33,584 --> 00:28:35,834 I shot Wooden Crosses 437 00:28:36,001 --> 00:28:38,793 almost exclusively in locations 438 00:28:39,376 --> 00:28:42,584 where battles had taken place. 439 00:28:43,168 --> 00:28:44,834 As a result, 440 00:28:45,001 --> 00:28:48,168 on several occasions, 441 00:28:48,334 --> 00:28:52,251 we unearthed bodies. 442 00:28:52,418 --> 00:28:55,543 And some could even be identified. 443 00:28:56,168 --> 00:29:00,168 It created quite a stir, 444 00:29:00,334 --> 00:29:02,751 which was rather painful, I must say. 445 00:29:39,043 --> 00:29:44,209 And this went on for ten days 446 00:29:44,376 --> 00:29:47,126 Don't talk, pal. It'll wear you out. 447 00:29:49,959 --> 00:29:51,376 Don't worry. 448 00:29:52,418 --> 00:29:57,209 Charles Vanel had just done a scene 449 00:29:57,376 --> 00:29:59,501 in a cemetery, at night. 450 00:29:59,668 --> 00:30:01,918 He was dying in the cemetery, 451 00:30:02,084 --> 00:30:05,334 and I remember someone said, 452 00:30:05,751 --> 00:30:08,084 "You played that so well." 453 00:30:08,251 --> 00:30:10,834 And Vanel simply answered, 454 00:30:11,459 --> 00:30:15,584 "For that sort of role, no need to play, 455 00:30:15,751 --> 00:30:18,293 "you just have to remember." 456 00:30:20,293 --> 00:30:21,751 Les Misérables is probably 457 00:30:21,918 --> 00:30:24,918 the best adaptation of Victor Hugo's masterpiece, 458 00:30:25,084 --> 00:30:27,334 with an ideal cast: 459 00:30:27,668 --> 00:30:30,626 Harry Baur, an unforgettable Jean Valjean, 460 00:30:31,543 --> 00:30:35,293 Charles Vanel, once again brilliant as Javert, 461 00:30:36,001 --> 00:30:37,376 Florelle, 462 00:30:40,418 --> 00:30:42,418 not to forget Charles Dullin 463 00:30:42,959 --> 00:30:44,209 and Marguerite Moreno, 464 00:30:44,376 --> 00:30:46,459 consummate Thénardiers. 465 00:30:46,876 --> 00:30:48,584 We're keeping Cosette. 466 00:30:49,168 --> 00:30:53,126 The missus and I thought it over. We can't let you have her. 467 00:30:53,293 --> 00:30:55,251 Her mother entrusted her to us. 468 00:30:55,418 --> 00:30:57,793 I'm an honest man. The child is a sacred trust. 469 00:30:57,959 --> 00:31:01,126 I swore to her mother to love her like my own daughters. 470 00:31:01,293 --> 00:31:02,626 It marks you. 471 00:31:02,793 --> 00:31:06,584 We won't tear out our heart for 1,500 francs. 472 00:31:08,584 --> 00:31:13,459 Raymond Bernard indulges in his favorite tilt shots 473 00:31:13,959 --> 00:31:17,918 but proves wholly inspired in many intimate scenes: 474 00:31:18,584 --> 00:31:20,751 the meeting with Bishop Myriel. 475 00:31:23,793 --> 00:31:24,626 Monsignor... 476 00:31:25,626 --> 00:31:26,709 He's a bishop? 477 00:31:27,376 --> 00:31:28,668 You arrested 478 00:31:28,834 --> 00:31:30,334 this man? 479 00:31:33,209 --> 00:31:36,834 You're mistaken. He's not a thief. 480 00:31:43,584 --> 00:31:45,126 That silver 481 00:31:47,168 --> 00:31:50,918 was given to him by me last night, 482 00:31:51,668 --> 00:31:54,501 along with two silver candlesticks. 483 00:31:55,043 --> 00:31:56,459 He's very poor, 484 00:31:56,793 --> 00:31:59,418 and I had nothing else to give him. 485 00:32:01,584 --> 00:32:05,251 Why didn't you take your candlesticks? 486 00:32:09,293 --> 00:32:12,001 Madame Magloire, go fetch them. 487 00:32:18,959 --> 00:32:21,043 The scene with the Savoyard boy. 488 00:32:26,459 --> 00:32:28,043 Mister, my coin. 489 00:32:30,668 --> 00:32:32,376 My coin, please. 490 00:32:32,834 --> 00:32:34,501 Give me back my coin. 491 00:32:35,209 --> 00:32:38,168 My silver coin. My 40-sous coin. 492 00:32:39,709 --> 00:32:42,084 - What is it? - It's mine, sir. 493 00:32:42,793 --> 00:32:45,043 Give me back my coin. 494 00:32:45,251 --> 00:32:47,251 You have your foot on it. 495 00:32:47,668 --> 00:32:50,043 Lift your foot. 496 00:33:01,043 --> 00:33:03,501 Scamper, little brat! 497 00:33:10,834 --> 00:33:15,168 And the epic scenes, such as General Lamarck's funeral, 498 00:33:15,918 --> 00:33:18,334 shot with hand-held camerawork. 499 00:33:47,959 --> 00:33:50,543 Or the capture of the barricades. 500 00:34:20,709 --> 00:34:24,793 I tried to be as faithful as I could to the poet, 501 00:34:24,959 --> 00:34:27,918 and that prompted these particular compositions, 502 00:34:28,084 --> 00:34:30,168 the rather special lighting, 503 00:34:30,334 --> 00:34:33,418 and a pace that was as much as possible 504 00:34:33,584 --> 00:34:36,334 a cinematic version 505 00:34:36,501 --> 00:34:39,584 of the pace in Victor Hugo's story. 506 00:34:40,418 --> 00:34:43,418 I robbed Bishop Myriel, it's true. 507 00:34:44,168 --> 00:34:47,126 I robbed the Savoyard boy, it's true. 508 00:34:48,001 --> 00:34:51,459 But perhaps the fault is not all mine. 509 00:34:52,626 --> 00:34:55,209 Hear me, members of the jury, 510 00:34:55,709 --> 00:34:59,543 a man fallen as low as I 511 00:34:59,709 --> 00:35:03,168 has no bone to pick with fate 512 00:35:03,334 --> 00:35:06,751 and no advice to give society. 513 00:35:07,751 --> 00:35:11,751 But you see, the infamy I tried rise above 514 00:35:13,293 --> 00:35:15,168 is something 515 00:35:18,126 --> 00:35:20,084 abominable. 516 00:35:22,043 --> 00:35:25,418 It takes a galley to make a galley slave. 517 00:35:25,584 --> 00:35:26,876 We must also remember 518 00:35:27,043 --> 00:35:30,501 Raymond Bernard's remarkable Faubourg Montmartre 519 00:35:30,668 --> 00:35:32,376 and The Mayor's Dilemma, 520 00:35:32,543 --> 00:35:34,084 a pacifist drama 521 00:35:34,251 --> 00:35:37,584 written by Victor Trivas and Jean Anouilh, 522 00:35:37,751 --> 00:35:40,876 finished in 1939, 523 00:35:41,043 --> 00:35:42,043 bad luck. 524 00:35:42,209 --> 00:35:45,418 It couldn't be released until after Liberation. 525 00:35:45,751 --> 00:35:47,168 Well then. 526 00:35:47,334 --> 00:35:51,293 I need four volunteers. 527 00:35:51,668 --> 00:35:53,043 Why four? 528 00:35:53,209 --> 00:35:54,668 You just said five. 529 00:35:55,126 --> 00:35:57,209 As first citizen here, 530 00:35:57,376 --> 00:36:00,959 you won't deny me the right to volunteer automatically? 531 00:36:01,334 --> 00:36:04,084 First citizen? 532 00:36:04,459 --> 00:36:09,751 Some censored scenes were found in Swiss prints 533 00:36:09,918 --> 00:36:11,168 subtitled in German. 534 00:36:11,334 --> 00:36:14,126 So what does that make me? 535 00:36:14,709 --> 00:36:16,418 Rabbit dung? 536 00:36:16,584 --> 00:36:19,293 And my ancestors, 537 00:36:19,459 --> 00:36:22,376 who kicked your ancestors' behinds under Louis IX? 538 00:36:22,543 --> 00:36:25,418 - Doesn't that count? - No, that doesn't count. 539 00:36:25,668 --> 00:36:27,626 Look at him. 540 00:36:27,793 --> 00:36:32,001 The man wants to be a hostage because he made money in trade. 541 00:36:32,168 --> 00:36:34,501 Saturnin Fabre is fabulous 542 00:36:34,668 --> 00:36:36,209 both in his scenes 543 00:36:36,418 --> 00:36:37,334 with Charpin 544 00:36:37,584 --> 00:36:39,334 as in those with his wife. 545 00:36:39,501 --> 00:36:41,751 I'll wear my white gloves and monocle 546 00:36:41,918 --> 00:36:43,793 to look at them. 547 00:36:43,959 --> 00:36:46,334 Take out my top hat, naturally. 548 00:36:46,501 --> 00:36:50,501 I'm the only one here who has one. Show them who I am. 549 00:36:50,668 --> 00:36:53,251 Take a muffler, mornings are chilly. 550 00:36:53,418 --> 00:36:55,959 A muffler, she says. 551 00:36:56,126 --> 00:36:58,251 I'm representing France. 552 00:36:58,418 --> 00:37:00,376 France, France! 553 00:37:00,543 --> 00:37:03,084 She's not asking you to catch cold. 554 00:37:03,251 --> 00:37:05,751 I don't want to lose you. 555 00:37:05,918 --> 00:37:08,168 I love you, you fool. 556 00:37:08,334 --> 00:37:09,834 So do I. 557 00:37:10,251 --> 00:37:13,376 I wish it could have lasted longer, 558 00:37:13,918 --> 00:37:16,001 the two of us, but duty calls... 559 00:37:16,168 --> 00:37:17,584 We're alone, 560 00:37:17,751 --> 00:37:19,584 spare me the speeches. 561 00:37:19,751 --> 00:37:22,668 You're still my little teddy bear. 562 00:37:22,834 --> 00:37:26,001 Don't call me teddy bear at a time like this. 563 00:37:26,168 --> 00:37:30,043 During Occupation, as a Jew he was excluded from the industry. 564 00:37:30,209 --> 00:37:32,543 The script for Caprices was extorted from him, 565 00:37:32,709 --> 00:37:35,126 and he went into hiding in Vercors. 566 00:37:35,293 --> 00:37:39,043 His father, Tristan Bernard, was interned at Drancy 567 00:37:39,209 --> 00:37:41,918 and his nephew deported to Mauthausen. 568 00:38:04,501 --> 00:38:08,918 When I became interested in movies, it was fashionable, 569 00:38:09,084 --> 00:38:12,876 - and I admit having adhered to this attitude - 570 00:38:13,043 --> 00:38:18,459 to look down on René Clair, even scorn him. 571 00:38:18,626 --> 00:38:22,043 He was an official filmmaker, 572 00:38:22,209 --> 00:38:24,418 elected to the French Academy, 573 00:38:24,584 --> 00:38:28,459 who seemed very remote 574 00:38:28,918 --> 00:38:31,209 from the cinema we loved. 575 00:38:31,376 --> 00:38:33,959 We set aside his silent films: 576 00:38:34,293 --> 00:38:38,751 14 Juillet, which I'd enjoyed at the Cinémathèque, 577 00:38:39,001 --> 00:38:40,501 even Man about Town. 578 00:38:40,668 --> 00:38:42,459 I couldn't stand 579 00:38:42,668 --> 00:38:43,751 A Nous la liberté, 580 00:38:43,918 --> 00:38:46,543 La Beauté du diable left me cold, 581 00:38:48,001 --> 00:38:51,584 and most of Clair's recent films didn't interest me at all. 582 00:38:54,793 --> 00:38:58,751 Pierre Billard's biography shook my certainties a little. 583 00:38:58,918 --> 00:39:01,876 But watching several of his films again, 584 00:39:02,043 --> 00:39:03,751 I was stunned. 585 00:39:03,918 --> 00:39:04,751 14 Juillet: 586 00:39:04,918 --> 00:39:07,834 I was dazzled by certain scenes, 587 00:39:08,001 --> 00:39:12,626 but also by the very warm, friendly evocation 588 00:39:12,793 --> 00:39:16,418 of a working-class Paris filled with blue-collars... 589 00:39:18,001 --> 00:39:19,251 Isn't this a find? 590 00:39:19,418 --> 00:39:21,626 We can have a toast. 591 00:39:21,793 --> 00:39:23,709 ...shopkeepers, craftsmen, 592 00:39:23,876 --> 00:39:24,876 hoodlums. 593 00:39:25,043 --> 00:39:26,084 This looks nice. 594 00:39:26,251 --> 00:39:28,918 Though Paris was partly fantasized, 595 00:39:29,084 --> 00:39:31,501 it reflected a certain reality. 596 00:39:31,668 --> 00:39:33,334 It'll look nicer tonight. 597 00:39:38,334 --> 00:39:42,209 And watching these films again produces a touch of melancholy, 598 00:39:42,376 --> 00:39:45,501 because that Paris is gone forever. 599 00:39:53,251 --> 00:39:57,001 The empathy Clair shows for his characters 600 00:39:57,168 --> 00:39:59,584 largely explains the film's quality. 601 00:40:00,543 --> 00:40:02,918 Look how he films Annabella, 602 00:40:05,834 --> 00:40:08,876 how he makes her at once vulnerable, 603 00:40:09,501 --> 00:40:11,084 proud, fragile 604 00:40:11,251 --> 00:40:13,209 and incredibly sexy. 605 00:40:13,376 --> 00:40:15,209 Can't you shut the door? 606 00:40:15,709 --> 00:40:18,084 She is amazingly beautiful. 607 00:40:18,626 --> 00:40:20,376 At the time she was thought 608 00:40:20,543 --> 00:40:22,126 to be a limited actress. 609 00:40:22,293 --> 00:40:24,418 Probably because she didn't overact, 610 00:40:24,584 --> 00:40:26,126 she didn't add effects, 611 00:40:26,293 --> 00:40:28,418 she didn't telegraph. 612 00:40:30,084 --> 00:40:35,126 And finally, seeing her films again, her performance seems much less dated 613 00:40:36,334 --> 00:40:39,084 than many actresses of the time. 614 00:40:39,584 --> 00:40:42,334 It even appears very modern. 615 00:40:42,501 --> 00:40:44,418 She acts like Isabelle Huppert. 616 00:41:00,376 --> 00:41:03,168 Fine, all together now... 617 00:41:03,918 --> 00:41:06,251 Under the roofs of Paree 618 00:41:08,668 --> 00:41:11,376 There's also the contribution and complicity 619 00:41:11,543 --> 00:41:15,084 that Clair had with Lazare Meerson and Alexandre Trauner. 620 00:41:15,251 --> 00:41:17,251 The sets they designed 621 00:41:17,418 --> 00:41:20,584 inspired magnificent camera movements. 622 00:41:20,751 --> 00:41:26,084 All these qualities make watching Clair's films again 623 00:41:26,251 --> 00:41:29,834 a very stimulating experience that shows 624 00:41:30,001 --> 00:41:33,459 one mustn't always trust 625 00:41:33,626 --> 00:41:36,918 youthful impressions, 626 00:41:37,584 --> 00:41:40,626 especially when they are dictated by others. 627 00:41:43,834 --> 00:41:48,459 Living in the hollow of the night 628 00:41:48,626 --> 00:41:50,543 Clair often worked 629 00:41:50,709 --> 00:41:52,418 with Georges Van Parys. 630 00:41:53,001 --> 00:41:56,959 I find you as you were before 631 00:41:57,418 --> 00:42:00,168 You sense a great complicity 632 00:42:00,543 --> 00:42:03,334 between director and composer, 633 00:42:03,501 --> 00:42:07,543 not surprising coming from Clair, since, if I may indulge 634 00:42:07,751 --> 00:42:09,543 in a quick flashback, 635 00:42:09,709 --> 00:42:12,834 Clair was someone who used music 636 00:42:13,001 --> 00:42:16,793 in a very novel way in Le Million, 637 00:42:16,959 --> 00:42:19,626 switching from realistic dialogue to song. 638 00:42:30,251 --> 00:42:32,709 I don't mind being kept awake, 639 00:42:33,293 --> 00:42:36,834 but at least tell me why you're all so merry. 640 00:42:37,959 --> 00:42:40,626 You haven't heard? They haven't heard! 641 00:42:41,793 --> 00:42:46,209 They haven't heard the story so we'll tell you 642 00:42:46,376 --> 00:42:50,251 But you'll never believe it Though every word is true 643 00:42:50,418 --> 00:42:54,001 But you'll never believe it Though every word is true 644 00:42:54,334 --> 00:42:57,501 Van Parys wrote a lot of film music. 645 00:42:57,668 --> 00:42:59,168 - Jacqueline. - What? 646 00:42:59,334 --> 00:43:00,793 Your piano lesson. 647 00:43:01,376 --> 00:43:02,543 Oh, darn! 648 00:43:02,709 --> 00:43:05,043 I'll mention Beauties of the Night. 649 00:43:05,209 --> 00:43:08,959 First because Van Parys mentions it often in his memoirs, 650 00:43:09,126 --> 00:43:11,626 calling it a musical exercise 651 00:43:11,793 --> 00:43:14,418 that was exciting, fascinating even. 652 00:43:14,584 --> 00:43:16,959 An exercise in scales. 653 00:43:17,584 --> 00:43:20,459 René Clair posed me a problem for the film: 654 00:43:20,626 --> 00:43:24,126 I want you to write me a waltz that starts with a scale. 655 00:43:24,293 --> 00:43:26,668 Because the little girl 656 00:43:26,834 --> 00:43:30,543 taking lessons with Gérard Philipe is playing a scale. 657 00:43:34,543 --> 00:43:37,793 The scale turns into a song sung by Martine Carol, 658 00:43:37,959 --> 00:43:40,334 and we go from reality to dream. 659 00:43:40,501 --> 00:43:43,043 So the song has to begin like this... 660 00:43:45,918 --> 00:43:48,293 The variations on a rising scale 661 00:43:48,459 --> 00:43:53,334 are also a good way to show how a character slides 662 00:43:53,834 --> 00:43:56,293 from the rather stuffy real world 663 00:43:56,459 --> 00:43:57,918 to a fantasy world, 664 00:43:58,084 --> 00:43:59,959 a world of imagination 665 00:44:00,126 --> 00:44:01,251 and dreams. 666 00:44:14,793 --> 00:44:18,418 Georges Van Parys is one of the great French melodists. 667 00:44:19,251 --> 00:44:22,501 We can thank him for dozens of familiar tunes. 668 00:44:22,668 --> 00:44:24,418 Who wrote that lovely piece? 669 00:44:24,584 --> 00:44:26,168 - I did. - You did? 670 00:44:26,959 --> 00:44:29,959 As one might expect 671 00:44:39,001 --> 00:44:41,959 As one might expect... 672 00:44:47,959 --> 00:44:50,126 And Arletty chimes in: 673 00:44:50,293 --> 00:44:53,918 He found her vicious 674 00:44:54,084 --> 00:44:56,168 As one might expect... 675 00:44:56,334 --> 00:44:58,376 We had great fun with this song. 676 00:45:06,251 --> 00:45:08,209 Nice voice, don't you think? 677 00:45:12,334 --> 00:45:16,251 The steps up to Montmartre 678 00:45:16,418 --> 00:45:18,834 Are steep for the lovelorn 679 00:45:19,001 --> 00:45:21,293 The sails of the windmill 680 00:45:21,459 --> 00:45:24,168 shield lovers from the storm 681 00:45:24,668 --> 00:45:27,668 Among the films Georges Van Parys scored 682 00:45:27,834 --> 00:45:29,834 there is, of course, Casque d'Or. 683 00:45:31,293 --> 00:45:32,793 Kiss me, Manda. 684 00:45:56,709 --> 00:45:59,876 One of Georges Van Parys' great achievements 685 00:46:00,043 --> 00:46:02,834 is the music he wrote for Madame de... 686 00:46:03,001 --> 00:46:05,459 At the beginning Darrieux sings, 687 00:46:05,626 --> 00:46:08,668 answers and plays with the music. 688 00:46:31,251 --> 00:46:34,459 I'd rather die than give these up. 689 00:46:36,918 --> 00:46:38,334 My cross. 690 00:46:38,501 --> 00:46:39,459 My cross? 691 00:46:39,626 --> 00:46:41,126 No. I love it. 692 00:46:44,043 --> 00:46:46,126 These are the ones I like least. 693 00:46:47,209 --> 00:46:50,043 They're mine, after all. I can do as I please. 694 00:46:54,209 --> 00:46:58,918 Many said it reminded them of Mozart's late work, 695 00:46:59,084 --> 00:47:02,376 that the film was tinged with that feeling 696 00:47:02,543 --> 00:47:05,668 of the fragility of human essence. 697 00:47:06,043 --> 00:47:08,626 Van Parys' music captured that. 698 00:47:25,876 --> 00:47:28,001 Your turn, Michel. 699 00:47:28,168 --> 00:47:29,959 - I'm waiting. - Alright. That's it. 700 00:47:30,126 --> 00:47:35,418 Jean Boyer was discredited by critics and then by movie buffs 701 00:47:35,584 --> 00:47:38,293 due to a disastrous late career. 702 00:47:38,668 --> 00:47:40,834 Les Croulants, scene 346R, take 6. 703 00:47:41,251 --> 00:47:43,959 He had made several lazy films. 704 00:47:44,126 --> 00:47:47,418 We remembered them as excruciatingly awful. 705 00:47:47,709 --> 00:47:51,251 Boyer was almost the example of what not to do. 706 00:47:51,793 --> 00:47:54,376 Now I find that terribly unfair. 707 00:47:54,543 --> 00:47:56,376 Suzy Delair told me 708 00:47:56,543 --> 00:47:59,834 she thought he was one of the best comedy directors. 709 00:48:00,334 --> 00:48:02,084 And Georges Van Parys, 710 00:48:02,251 --> 00:48:04,251 in his autobiography, 711 00:48:04,584 --> 00:48:07,584 describes him as sensitive and talented, 712 00:48:07,751 --> 00:48:09,626 very talented for comedy. 713 00:48:10,334 --> 00:48:14,668 He also said he was a remarkable lyricist. 714 00:48:15,418 --> 00:48:18,501 It's true that he wrote dozens of songs. 715 00:48:18,668 --> 00:48:21,251 "Totor, t'as tort. Tu t'uses et tu te tues" 716 00:48:21,418 --> 00:48:22,376 was Jean Boyer. 717 00:48:22,543 --> 00:48:25,501 "That makes excellent Frenchmen" was Boyer. 718 00:48:26,251 --> 00:48:29,334 Instead of kicking up a fuss 719 00:48:29,501 --> 00:48:32,126 As one might expect 720 00:48:32,293 --> 00:48:33,709 He simply kicked her 721 00:48:33,876 --> 00:48:35,543 In the tush 722 00:48:35,709 --> 00:48:38,084 As one might expect 723 00:48:38,251 --> 00:48:41,876 I had in memory Nous irons à Paris, 724 00:48:42,043 --> 00:48:44,543 a film full of good humor, 725 00:48:44,709 --> 00:48:47,126 enthusiasm and joyfulness, 726 00:48:47,293 --> 00:48:49,501 a lack of pretention, too. 727 00:48:49,668 --> 00:48:53,501 Lack of pretention was characteristic of all Boyer's films, 728 00:48:53,668 --> 00:48:55,626 even the most successful. 729 00:48:55,876 --> 00:48:59,376 In mid-August Hearts are all on a picnic 730 00:48:59,543 --> 00:49:02,626 In mid-August Gals are not so modest 731 00:49:03,084 --> 00:49:04,751 And if the lady says 732 00:49:04,918 --> 00:49:06,543 "I love furs 733 00:49:06,709 --> 00:49:08,293 "When do I get my mink?" 734 00:49:08,459 --> 00:49:10,168 Just sing to her with a wink 735 00:49:10,626 --> 00:49:14,043 In mid-August That will save you money 736 00:49:14,209 --> 00:49:17,334 In mid-August The tomcats sing in chorus 737 00:49:40,584 --> 00:49:46,084 And it was one of the first evocations of a pirate radio. 738 00:49:48,876 --> 00:49:51,834 Now, dear listeners, that's it for Radio X. 739 00:49:52,001 --> 00:49:55,001 The big stars you just heard 740 00:49:55,168 --> 00:49:56,751 all wear Lotus girdles. 741 00:49:56,918 --> 00:49:59,251 Lotus, the no-hurdle girdle! 742 00:49:59,543 --> 00:50:01,334 But I had other surprises 743 00:50:01,501 --> 00:50:05,084 as I strolled back through the 1930s. 744 00:50:05,376 --> 00:50:09,043 Back then, Boyer wrote and directed 745 00:50:09,209 --> 00:50:12,418 a number of films, often musicals, 746 00:50:12,918 --> 00:50:15,959 that are wonderfully full of rhythm, 747 00:50:16,126 --> 00:50:19,543 good cheer and energy. 748 00:50:21,334 --> 00:50:22,876 Excuse me, excuse me 749 00:50:23,043 --> 00:50:24,626 Please don't refuse me 750 00:50:24,793 --> 00:50:26,293 We'd like, we'd like 751 00:50:26,459 --> 00:50:28,334 Some information 752 00:50:28,501 --> 00:50:31,876 Give us the itinerary 753 00:50:32,043 --> 00:50:35,043 Of the trip for our holiday 754 00:50:35,209 --> 00:50:36,084 It begins, 755 00:50:36,251 --> 00:50:37,584 like with Jacques Demy, 756 00:50:37,751 --> 00:50:40,793 by a scene with everyone singing, 757 00:50:40,959 --> 00:50:42,709 not on a stage, 758 00:50:43,126 --> 00:50:45,501 but in the Touring Club office. 759 00:50:46,001 --> 00:50:48,334 When you belong to the Touring Club 760 00:50:49,793 --> 00:50:52,293 Don't hesitate, we're here till late 761 00:50:52,459 --> 00:50:54,584 We humble secretaries 762 00:50:55,168 --> 00:50:57,584 Never do we travel, never go beyond 763 00:50:57,751 --> 00:51:00,126 The city's outer boundaries 764 00:51:00,293 --> 00:51:02,751 But we know by heart 765 00:51:02,918 --> 00:51:05,459 Itineraries the world over 766 00:51:05,626 --> 00:51:08,043 And travelers we send 767 00:51:08,418 --> 00:51:10,834 From their home to land's end 768 00:51:11,168 --> 00:51:15,501 It continues with other remarkable songs, 769 00:51:15,668 --> 00:51:19,043 again by Van Parys and Jean Boyer. 770 00:51:19,209 --> 00:51:20,834 Take the road, you can choose it 771 00:51:21,001 --> 00:51:23,376 Take the road, you can't lose it 772 00:51:23,543 --> 00:51:25,668 It's all yours 773 00:51:25,834 --> 00:51:29,293 Paris air dulls your complexion 774 00:51:29,459 --> 00:51:32,918 The country air dispels all infection 775 00:51:33,084 --> 00:51:35,168 No more drops to take for a cough 776 00:51:35,334 --> 00:51:36,918 Take the road and don't scoff 777 00:51:37,084 --> 00:51:40,209 Take the road and you're off 778 00:51:41,251 --> 00:51:44,959 He films on location using tracking shots 779 00:51:45,126 --> 00:51:48,918 with lots of camera movement for "Always a railroad crossing." 780 00:51:49,084 --> 00:51:52,418 Whether you have 8-cylinder power Or an old jalopy 781 00:51:52,584 --> 00:51:55,793 You won't be early, no matter the hour 782 00:51:55,959 --> 00:51:57,584 Like a torpedo speeding 783 00:51:57,751 --> 00:51:59,126 Or a tortoise creeping 784 00:51:59,293 --> 00:52:02,459 It's like one big family meeting At the railroad crossing 785 00:52:02,626 --> 00:52:05,501 There's always a railroad crossing 786 00:52:05,668 --> 00:52:09,084 That blocks the road You're ready to explode 787 00:52:09,251 --> 00:52:12,126 You arrive too early or too late 788 00:52:12,293 --> 00:52:15,584 You whizz through or have to wait 789 00:52:15,751 --> 00:52:19,001 Up or down is the gate 790 00:52:19,168 --> 00:52:21,293 You wonder where the orchestra was, 791 00:52:21,459 --> 00:52:23,959 if the songs were filmed in direct sound, 792 00:52:24,126 --> 00:52:25,126 where was the orchestra? 793 00:52:25,293 --> 00:52:28,043 There's always a level crossing gate 794 00:52:28,543 --> 00:52:31,334 Un Mauvais garcon has fewer songs, 795 00:52:31,501 --> 00:52:35,834 but the title song is very famous, 796 00:52:36,001 --> 00:52:38,626 sung by Henri Garat and Danièle Darrieux. 797 00:52:38,876 --> 00:52:42,418 We are bums Unloved ones 798 00:52:42,751 --> 00:52:46,168 For the bourgeois sort Who only eat and sport 799 00:52:46,334 --> 00:52:50,043 You gotta have For them to adore ya 800 00:52:50,209 --> 00:52:53,918 A clean white collar And a fedora 801 00:52:54,084 --> 00:52:55,501 A newsboy cap 802 00:52:55,668 --> 00:52:57,876 has no dazzle 803 00:52:58,043 --> 00:53:01,626 It makes you look like a rascal 804 00:53:01,793 --> 00:53:05,418 And that is why When a bourgeois sees us 805 00:53:05,584 --> 00:53:08,876 He points a finger to tease us: 806 00:53:09,584 --> 00:53:12,251 He's a bad sort of guy 807 00:53:12,418 --> 00:53:17,209 Not a straight shooter 808 00:53:17,751 --> 00:53:21,168 He's not one to meet 809 00:53:21,334 --> 00:53:24,834 At night in the street 810 00:53:25,459 --> 00:53:28,043 He's a nasty sort of guy 811 00:53:28,209 --> 00:53:32,876 Who works on the sly When an argument starts 812 00:53:33,459 --> 00:53:36,418 The fists begin to fly From head down to toe 813 00:53:36,584 --> 00:53:40,001 A bad sort of guy 814 00:53:42,043 --> 00:53:44,376 Un Mauvais garçon is an excellent comedy 815 00:53:44,543 --> 00:53:46,334 with André Alerme, 816 00:53:46,501 --> 00:53:49,959 one of his favorite actors, who's fantastic. 817 00:53:50,126 --> 00:53:51,418 Listen up. 818 00:53:51,584 --> 00:53:55,251 If in 18 months you don't have some sort of position, 819 00:53:55,418 --> 00:53:58,168 if you're not well on your way, 820 00:53:58,334 --> 00:54:00,334 I'll tell you, daughter 821 00:54:00,501 --> 00:54:01,959 - put down your cigarette - 822 00:54:02,209 --> 00:54:05,418 I'll say, daughter, come home. 823 00:54:05,584 --> 00:54:09,043 Marry a fine young man and give me a grandchild. 824 00:54:09,501 --> 00:54:11,584 And you'd do what I say 825 00:54:11,751 --> 00:54:14,501 to thank me for doing what you wanted. 826 00:54:14,668 --> 00:54:15,876 Yes, Papa. 827 00:54:16,334 --> 00:54:19,001 The film owes a lot to Darrieux, 828 00:54:19,168 --> 00:54:22,501 who's incredibly spontaneous. 829 00:54:22,668 --> 00:54:27,793 She brings a freshness, pace and vivacity to her character 830 00:54:27,959 --> 00:54:30,001 that's remarkable. 831 00:54:30,209 --> 00:54:33,834 I wouldn't trade places For a cannonball 832 00:54:34,001 --> 00:54:38,251 I wouldn't trade places It's right for me 833 00:54:38,418 --> 00:54:41,543 All my troubles fade away Hope is in my heart 834 00:54:41,709 --> 00:54:45,584 To all the people who come this way I'll say I'm happy as a lark 835 00:54:52,959 --> 00:54:56,626 I wouldn't trade places With my neighbor 836 00:54:56,793 --> 00:55:00,251 I won't give up my job And need no other favors 837 00:55:42,001 --> 00:55:44,876 Subtitles: Cynthia Schoch & Lenny Borger 838 00:55:45,209 --> 00:55:46,918 Subtitling: ECLAIR 63497

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