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Berlin in the 1990s
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00:04:07,464 --> 00:04:09,022
Federal Chancellery Architect
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00:04:09,366 --> 00:04:12,460
In Bonn construction costs
were triple the estimates.
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00:04:13,770 --> 00:04:17,467
Now the issue is
404 instead of 400 million.
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00:04:17,640 --> 00:04:20,370
It's a joke, but it's just not available.
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00:04:20,543 --> 00:04:23,376
Because the whole country
is in a state of anxiety.
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00:04:35,058 --> 00:04:36,685
The sun is almost gone.
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00:04:37,460 --> 00:04:39,928
-Hello.
-How's it going?
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00:04:40,630 --> 00:04:44,532
-Do we start with prefab pillars?
-And the ceiling, the ''wave''.
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00:04:44,701 --> 00:04:47,898
The wall is extraordinarily massive.
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00:04:48,471 --> 00:04:50,632
Not much is done.
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00:04:50,807 --> 00:04:52,468
The damn mud.
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00:04:53,376 --> 00:04:57,574
Look at that.
They have such huge cracks in them.
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00:04:57,814 --> 00:05:00,874
Just one more glazing on the bridge,
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00:05:01,051 --> 00:05:03,042
and that's the end of it.
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00:05:04,087 --> 00:05:06,385
That's the open courtyard.
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00:05:07,357 --> 00:05:09,484
-Want to see it outside?
-Yes.
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00:05:10,960 --> 00:05:15,954
They should get rid of the grating
so we get a clear idea of what's next.
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00:05:16,399 --> 00:05:19,630
Especially the new prefab pillars
in the middle.
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00:05:19,803 --> 00:05:22,931
They must be positioned on site.
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00:05:24,074 --> 00:05:26,065
A damn nuisance.
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00:05:26,409 --> 00:05:28,934
The thing is finally gone and...
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00:05:31,414 --> 00:05:36,351
Have you compared the shade
with the exposed concrete?
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00:05:36,519 --> 00:05:38,384
It was yellow in the factory.
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00:05:38,555 --> 00:05:43,322
It was a shitty beige in the factory
because of the HPI lamps.
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00:05:43,493 --> 00:05:45,620
In the factory building.
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00:05:48,798 --> 00:05:52,928
So what?
Today we had a planning session.
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00:05:53,369 --> 00:05:59,103
Haverkampf is harassing them.
You see the result. A pain in the neck.
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00:06:06,382 --> 00:06:10,910
We participated in gigantic juries,
which cut a federal government axis.
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00:06:11,087 --> 00:06:15,387
They said it was the symbol
of federal commitment to Berlin.
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00:06:15,692 --> 00:06:20,925
This was the only design
that broke with the historical pattern
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00:06:21,097 --> 00:06:24,396
to create
an architectural bridging effect.
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00:06:24,601 --> 00:06:28,469
Now they drop the keystone
and are left with three solitaires.
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00:06:28,638 --> 00:06:34,907
-Helmut Kohl wanted it that way.
-That's unfair. He was for the works.
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00:06:36,079 --> 00:06:39,480
City Building Supervisor and Architect
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00:06:40,650 --> 00:06:45,587
You know that the Chancellor had
a pronounced weakness for symbols.
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00:06:45,755 --> 00:06:47,552
For grand gestures.
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00:06:48,124 --> 00:06:51,992
That's why he accepted
this town planning policy.
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00:06:52,562 --> 00:06:57,499
Yes, this is really a huge problem,
not implementing the federal axis.
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00:06:57,667 --> 00:07:00,693
The concept is no longer visible.
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00:07:00,970 --> 00:07:05,168
The Citizens Forum idea is
a place for people to congregate.
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00:07:05,508 --> 00:07:07,135
That is the big magnet.
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00:07:07,477 --> 00:07:10,935
Every secondary school pupil
will be sent there.
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00:07:11,114 --> 00:07:13,844
And perhaps
every primary school pupil.
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00:07:14,017 --> 00:07:17,077
The museum will focus on history.
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00:07:17,253 --> 00:07:20,086
Modern German history.
It concerns us all.
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00:07:20,256 --> 00:07:25,694
Since the dissolution
of the First German Empire,
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00:07:25,862 --> 00:07:28,023
when the whole confusion started.
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00:07:28,198 --> 00:07:31,099
You have a sovereign and a nation.
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00:07:31,267 --> 00:07:33,462
A people that believes it is German
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00:07:33,636 --> 00:07:36,127
on the basis
of its own common history.
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00:07:36,506 --> 00:07:41,637
An exhibition
mushrooming forth from the cellar...
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00:07:41,878 --> 00:07:46,008
-Who will champion such a concept?
-The new Bundestag.
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00:08:32,228 --> 00:08:35,129
They won't last much longer.
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00:08:36,032 --> 00:08:38,193
A hurricane would help.
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00:08:38,534 --> 00:08:40,900
It would save us the trouble
of tearing them down.
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00:08:43,773 --> 00:08:47,038
Developer and Architects on Site
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00:08:56,819 --> 00:08:59,310
That housed
the Metropol theatre administration.
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00:08:59,656 --> 00:09:04,787
Now they are in the Admirals Palace.
That isn't the issue.
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00:09:05,828 --> 00:09:11,562
The problem is they need
a makeshift solution for their props.
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-I see.
-But the theatre is closed.
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00:09:15,872 --> 00:09:19,603
-Can it be rearranged?
-A container would do.
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00:09:19,809 --> 00:09:22,004
Here we have the passageway
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00:09:22,345 --> 00:09:25,974
and the arcade
which continues over here.
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00:09:26,215 --> 00:09:29,150
-This area still needs a strong...
-Yes.
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00:09:29,719 --> 00:09:36,056
Here, this corner.
Highlighting it is vital.
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00:09:36,225 --> 00:09:37,692
-That's not unimportant.
-Right.
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00:09:37,860 --> 00:09:39,885
You needn't do that first,
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00:09:40,063 --> 00:09:42,930
but it's good to know
what it was before.
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00:09:43,099 --> 00:09:44,691
Knowledge never hurt anyone.
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00:09:44,867 --> 00:09:49,031
At any rate, a prominent corner.
A reading room is planned.
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00:09:49,605 --> 00:09:53,598
We focused
on how the corner is used.
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00:09:55,111 --> 00:09:58,877
It's important
to have such a room upstairs.
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00:09:59,048 --> 00:10:03,178
The railway tracks limit
ground floor options.
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00:10:03,353 --> 00:10:05,218
The storey is 4.50 metres high.
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00:10:05,388 --> 00:10:08,585
We have a little more than that.
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00:10:08,758 --> 00:10:12,592
We need a 4.5 m floor height
for the arcade below.
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00:10:13,029 --> 00:10:15,054
Architects are dreamers.
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00:10:15,231 --> 00:10:18,064
If you don't have dreams,
you can't fulfil them.
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00:10:18,234 --> 00:10:22,398
Find me buyers for 200 luxury flats
and you get the contract.
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00:10:22,739 --> 00:10:25,299
So that's how it works!
Now we know.
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We're still there to answer
any questions you might have.
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00:10:32,348 --> 00:10:35,875
Hello. Yes, it's Bachmann speaking.
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00:13:03,132 --> 00:13:06,295
Developer and Foreman
in Apartment Block
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00:13:07,904 --> 00:13:11,032
Tenants must move in
or we can't start on the next phase.
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00:13:11,207 --> 00:13:12,504
I see.
87
00:13:13,042 --> 00:13:15,067
-That's the dormer of...
-The bath.
88
00:13:15,244 --> 00:13:20,944
-That's the bedroom, right?
-The bath is in the corner.
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00:13:21,417 --> 00:13:22,247
Terrific!
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00:13:22,418 --> 00:13:26,855
Down here in the front of the flat
you have 82 square metres.
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00:13:27,023 --> 00:13:30,322
-82.
-For two rooms.
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00:13:30,493 --> 00:13:32,927
That's what I call luxurious.
93
00:13:33,229 --> 00:13:37,495
That's not something you can get
for a song and a dance.
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00:13:37,800 --> 00:13:40,564
The top floor costs more.
95
00:16:23,733 --> 00:16:27,032
I dined here once as a Party guest.
96
00:16:27,203 --> 00:16:29,296
-A Politburo member invited me.
-When?
97
00:16:29,472 --> 00:16:33,636
-In 1983.
-That's suspicious, Mr Nagel.
98
00:16:34,543 --> 00:16:38,775
We, the Fundus Group,
are proprietors of the buildings
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00:16:39,515 --> 00:16:42,075
on Friedrich St.
including the newer one.
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00:16:42,451 --> 00:16:45,545
City Building Supervisor
and Ex-Politician
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00:16:46,756 --> 00:16:52,092
We got it from the Finance Dept.
102
00:16:52,261 --> 00:16:55,526
We bought several buildings at a time.
All of Oranienburger St.
103
00:16:56,031 --> 00:17:00,661
-You aren't planning covered malls.
-Uncovered.
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00:17:00,836 --> 00:17:04,067
Nobody has suggested
anything else until now.
105
00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:07,609
What we're doing now
in the exploratory phase
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00:17:07,777 --> 00:17:10,712
is finding
intelligent town planning concepts
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00:17:11,046 --> 00:17:15,540
to make money with the company.
That's where I come in.
108
00:17:16,719 --> 00:17:22,487
And we have to incorporate
the existing milieu.
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00:17:22,658 --> 00:17:26,822
Like the Hackesche Höfe on the
other side. August St. is interesting.
110
00:17:27,163 --> 00:17:31,657
It has a number of galleries.
Small pubs have sprung up there.
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00:17:31,834 --> 00:17:36,168
So we have local colour.
A fertile foundation.
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00:17:36,338 --> 00:17:38,806
Here's the crucial question.
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00:17:39,141 --> 00:17:42,133
Can you create a ''natural habitat''?
114
00:17:42,311 --> 00:17:44,802
-What's that pre-war building?
-The hall?
115
00:17:45,147 --> 00:17:47,377
With the figures.
116
00:17:47,550 --> 00:17:50,519
-See the entrance arch?
-The old department store.
117
00:17:51,320 --> 00:17:55,848
For a nominal rent we give the building
to the Tacheles artists.
118
00:17:56,192 --> 00:17:58,694
-What's its fate?
-It will stay.
119
00:17:58,694 --> 00:18:04,064
This is a major contribution
to town planning implementation.
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00:18:04,200 --> 00:18:06,634
One of the last mega projects.
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00:21:29,605 --> 00:21:32,540
Architect and Chancellor
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00:21:37,846 --> 00:21:40,041
Mr Chancellor,
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00:21:40,916 --> 00:21:43,544
Mr Governing Mayor,
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00:21:43,986 --> 00:21:46,887
Mr and Mrs Pei,
125
00:21:47,256 --> 00:21:49,554
Ladies and Gentlemen,
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00:21:49,892 --> 00:21:53,885
I cordially welcome you
to the groundbreaking ceremony
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00:21:54,063 --> 00:22:00,127
for the German Historical Museum
here in the middle of Berlin.
128
00:22:50,085 --> 00:22:53,316
Now I would ask you
to show the video
129
00:22:53,789 --> 00:22:55,620
of the new building.
130
00:23:01,430 --> 00:23:04,558
Karl Marx Allee, Ex-Stalin Allee
Est. 1949 ff.
131
00:23:58,220 --> 00:24:00,882
My dear City Building Councillor!
132
00:24:01,657 --> 00:24:05,923
We are now in a sector which is known
to informed planners and architects
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00:24:06,094 --> 00:24:10,997
as a new construction area
of the late 1960s.
134
00:24:11,166 --> 00:24:15,034
An example
of modern urban development.
135
00:24:15,404 --> 00:24:18,862
Borough Building Councillor
and State Secretary
136
00:24:19,174 --> 00:24:22,337
In fact this was all medieval here.
137
00:24:22,878 --> 00:24:26,370
We don't want to demolish
the post-war buildings.
138
00:24:26,715 --> 00:24:30,981
We want to try to restore
the old ground plan.
139
00:24:31,153 --> 00:24:35,453
It's a question of upgrading
East German modernism,
140
00:24:35,791 --> 00:24:39,124
and merging
the 1960s with historical sites.
141
00:24:39,294 --> 00:24:45,290
We are not debating
that this was the old urban core.
142
00:24:45,834 --> 00:24:48,803
The issue is how to handle
modernist East German architecture.
143
00:24:49,004 --> 00:24:51,837
How to improve
an urban-planned neighbourhood.
144
00:24:52,341 --> 00:24:55,367
The first in central East Berlin.
145
00:24:55,877 --> 00:24:59,438
We see it as part of history.
An understandable part.
146
00:24:59,781 --> 00:25:02,045
The town centre was destroyed.
147
00:25:02,217 --> 00:25:05,744
It is part of post-war reconstruction.
148
00:25:05,921 --> 00:25:09,254
So we aim to complement
what's there.
149
00:25:09,424 --> 00:25:12,916
Adapt town planning
to existing construction.
150
00:25:13,095 --> 00:25:17,862
That won't work. Not if you
envision pavilions. Like them.
151
00:25:20,335 --> 00:25:22,826
New, functional designs.
152
00:25:23,071 --> 00:25:26,404
Any attempt to add a chapter
to the history of East Germany
153
00:25:26,742 --> 00:25:30,735
is out of step with the times.
154
00:25:30,946 --> 00:25:33,915
Let's add something new.
155
00:25:34,082 --> 00:25:38,075
We must finance street narrowing
and upgrade that block of flats.
156
00:25:38,253 --> 00:25:42,314
-That's our idea.
-It won't enhance flats.
157
00:25:42,524 --> 00:25:46,392
Building an additional row of shops
takes away people's frontage.
158
00:25:46,561 --> 00:25:50,725
You're talking ''tenement housing''.
159
00:25:51,133 --> 00:25:55,934
You fret over East German modernism
more than the quality of urban living.
160
00:25:58,473 --> 00:26:01,533
I'm starting with my Dutch Embassy
161
00:26:01,877 --> 00:26:06,746
because it shows the correlation
to your project next door.
162
00:26:08,517 --> 00:26:11,918
Architect
and Non-Commercial Clients
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00:26:13,021 --> 00:26:15,888
It's unique because the Dutch decided
164
00:26:16,058 --> 00:26:19,118
on an embassy here
and not in the West.
165
00:26:19,828 --> 00:26:24,390
Initially we were afraid
that we would be forced to adhere
166
00:26:24,599 --> 00:26:28,126
to the current Berlin Dogma
of the intact built-up block.
167
00:26:28,303 --> 00:26:33,832
Borough authorities in Mitte
enabled us to build a facility
168
00:26:34,042 --> 00:26:37,102
with a certain freestanding touch.
169
00:26:37,312 --> 00:26:40,975
-What Berlin Dogma?
-Perimeter block construction.
170
00:26:41,149 --> 00:26:46,143
As a culmination and end-all.
Our composition is a new approach.
171
00:26:46,455 --> 00:26:52,121
We tried to overcome the dreariness
of Berlin ''tight-quarters'' construction.
172
00:26:52,394 --> 00:26:57,229
We are striving to create open spaces
to break up the confining ''compound''.
173
00:26:57,899 --> 00:27:03,166
We want to give access to daylight
at every point of the property.
174
00:27:03,872 --> 00:27:08,138
You mean the Berlin Dogma
of the 1990s boom.
175
00:27:08,310 --> 00:27:14,082
Many other dogmas existed in the past,
but nobody pays attention any more.
176
00:27:14,082 --> 00:27:18,487
The other dogmas are aspects
of our environment.
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00:27:18,487 --> 00:27:21,945
Part and parcel of our work.
178
00:27:22,090 --> 00:27:25,890
The bright side of town planning
is the shroud of old dogmas.
179
00:27:33,402 --> 00:27:35,063
Right after the Wall fell
180
00:27:35,237 --> 00:27:40,470
we saw widespread debate and doubt
if we could fit it all in a block grid.
181
00:27:40,642 --> 00:27:44,169
Advocates of the traditional structure
182
00:27:44,346 --> 00:27:46,644
said Berlin is a low-rise city
183
00:27:46,982 --> 00:27:51,282
and shouldn't have buildings
with facades higher than 23 m.
184
00:27:51,453 --> 00:27:55,223
Other people said
we had a golden opportunity
185
00:27:55,223 --> 00:27:58,192
to give Berlin a brand new look.
186
00:27:59,861 --> 00:28:03,228
Architect
and City Building Supervisor
187
00:28:04,166 --> 00:28:07,431
A bold experiment as an attempt
188
00:28:07,602 --> 00:28:10,400
to give the city
more structural coherence.
189
00:28:10,572 --> 00:28:13,564
A totally new urban constellation.
190
00:28:13,942 --> 00:28:17,241
Both of these concepts
are far-fetched schemes.
191
00:28:18,580 --> 00:28:21,947
It wasn't long
before we developed the idea
192
00:28:22,117 --> 00:28:25,018
of keeping the city knee high,
193
00:28:25,187 --> 00:28:29,487
with tall, dense components
at Potsdamer and Alexander Platz.
194
00:28:30,091 --> 00:28:34,357
As two focal points for functions
that have no place in our briar patch.
195
00:28:34,529 --> 00:28:38,693
We aimed to elevate
the potential of these two squares
196
00:28:39,034 --> 00:28:42,060
with clusters of skyscrapers.
197
00:28:47,275 --> 00:28:50,403
Sony Center Architect
and Clients
198
00:29:12,133 --> 00:29:16,229
It was September 14, 1991
199
00:29:16,638 --> 00:29:21,098
when I made the first sketch
of the Sony Center.
200
00:29:22,077 --> 00:29:27,515
It already outlined the form
and vision of the forum
201
00:29:27,983 --> 00:29:33,182
as a type of urban space
at the dawn of the 21st century.
202
00:29:33,688 --> 00:29:39,024
The international competition
decided in our favour six years ago.
203
00:29:39,261 --> 00:29:41,627
At that time my bid stated:
204
00:29:42,130 --> 00:29:47,966
''We believe that critical reconstruction
is insufficient alone.
205
00:29:48,169 --> 00:29:50,763
We require new forms,
206
00:29:51,106 --> 00:29:54,507
spatial rearrangement,
and visionary engineering.''
207
00:30:40,388 --> 00:30:42,720
Meanwhile, a Few Miles Away...
208
00:30:43,224 --> 00:30:48,560
We praise the Lord and His power,
His mercy shown every hour.
209
00:30:48,863 --> 00:30:52,060
For the sweat we perspired,
The fatigue when we were tired,
210
00:30:52,500 --> 00:30:56,436
May the heavenly liquid flow
From Thy barrel here below.
211
00:30:57,272 --> 00:31:03,211
May the lord of this house and soil
Enjoy the fruits of honest toil.
212
00:31:08,650 --> 00:31:11,642
I'd like to add my two cents.
213
00:31:12,687 --> 00:31:16,646
I'm delighted
that today's topping-off ceremony
214
00:31:17,158 --> 00:31:18,750
is a party for the builders.
215
00:31:19,094 --> 00:31:23,258
That is rarely the case
with Berlin events of this kind.
216
00:31:23,865 --> 00:31:29,531
Berlin topping-off festivities
usually serve a different purpose.
217
00:31:29,704 --> 00:31:31,831
To give politicians more air time.
218
00:31:31,906 --> 00:31:35,501
Here we are celebrating
in the traditional manner.
219
00:31:35,910 --> 00:31:39,744
Craftsmen are well represented.
A few old tenants are here.
220
00:31:41,983 --> 00:31:44,144
A Few Nights Later...
221
00:31:46,121 --> 00:31:48,282
Great and gracious God,
we thank Thee for Thy presence.
222
00:31:48,456 --> 00:31:53,120
We ask Thee to bless this project.
The foundation stone laid today.
223
00:31:53,328 --> 00:31:56,525
Protect those
who will work on this site.
224
00:31:57,365 --> 00:32:01,665
Almighty God, we ask Thy blessing
for this symbolic stone.
225
00:32:02,871 --> 00:32:06,136
May it remind us today
and future generations
226
00:32:06,307 --> 00:32:10,368
of the foundation
on which we build our hopes.
227
00:32:11,913 --> 00:32:16,350
Now we have the ceremony
of putting records into the time capsule.
228
00:32:16,718 --> 00:32:19,778
Neues Kranzlereck blueprints,
229
00:32:20,488 --> 00:32:23,116
building permits, a set of coins,
230
00:32:23,525 --> 00:32:28,758
and the newspapers published
in Berlin on this memorable day.
231
00:32:28,963 --> 00:32:32,296
The capsule will be sealed
by soldering
232
00:32:32,600 --> 00:32:35,160
and lowered into the foundation stone.
233
00:33:42,804 --> 00:33:44,738
They've been trying all afternoon.
234
00:33:45,807 --> 00:33:49,004
Crane 3 up the street, Crane 4 down.
235
00:33:54,315 --> 00:33:56,613
The pump is here.
Where does it go?
236
00:33:58,453 --> 00:34:01,479
Foreman and Concrete Layers
at Foreign Ministry
237
00:34:07,762 --> 00:34:08,888
Hey, Alex.
238
00:34:09,063 --> 00:34:14,558
<-I hear you clearly, Detlef.
-Can you handle the glass blocks?
239
00:34:39,360 --> 00:34:40,987
Crane 3, come in.
240
00:34:41,362 --> 00:34:44,798
<-I read you.
-How much longer do you need?
241
00:36:41,816 --> 00:36:44,614
Two Blocks Away
at Gendarmenmarkt
242
00:38:30,158 --> 00:38:33,423
They built it
at the end of my studies.
243
00:38:33,594 --> 00:38:35,755
I knew it as a building site.
244
00:38:38,766 --> 00:38:42,099
New KudammEck Architect
245
00:38:42,370 --> 00:38:46,466
Werner Düttman built it.
He had his fingers in every pie.
246
00:38:46,574 --> 00:38:52,103
His brainchild was a high-rise mall,
a one-stop vertical shopping district.
247
00:38:52,280 --> 00:38:55,647
Stores from bottom to top.
No daylight inside.
248
00:38:55,817 --> 00:39:01,278
A pitch-black cavern that never saw
the light of day commercially.
249
00:39:01,756 --> 00:39:06,557
Only the two lowest levels were rented
before it went bankrupt.
250
00:39:07,028 --> 00:39:12,432
One of Berlin's construction tycoons,
Jovi, built it.
251
00:39:12,834 --> 00:39:16,565
Grothe told me it cost 170 million
to erect it in the first place.
252
00:39:16,771 --> 00:39:19,001
He paid 17 million at auction.
253
00:39:19,440 --> 00:39:22,898
Owner of the Old and New Building
254
00:39:24,779 --> 00:39:28,112
He left the top floors vacant
and made money with advertising.
255
00:39:28,282 --> 00:39:31,115
More rent for signs than shops.
256
00:39:37,358 --> 00:39:39,622
-I was here recently.
-Me too.
257
00:39:39,794 --> 00:39:42,354
It's a narrow segment.
258
00:39:42,730 --> 00:39:46,359
-The colours match.
-Not bad.
259
00:39:46,734 --> 00:39:51,569
But I must say I like the darker shade
better than the lighter.
260
00:39:51,739 --> 00:39:53,707
The dark, top-middle part?
261
00:39:53,875 --> 00:39:59,142
It goes better with the windows
and the metal strips.
262
00:39:59,313 --> 00:40:01,178
It's the only logical alternative.
263
00:40:01,349 --> 00:40:05,445
However, the middle window strips
are absolutely impossible.
264
00:40:05,620 --> 00:40:07,781
They take away the elegance.
265
00:40:08,122 --> 00:40:13,424
They make a job centre
out of an eight-star hotel.
266
00:40:21,736 --> 00:40:24,796
Former Building Contractor
267
00:40:34,315 --> 00:40:39,753
I took an early out.
I gave up my career as the boss
268
00:40:40,421 --> 00:40:43,754
of my own construction company.
269
00:40:43,925 --> 00:40:48,862
One of the largest here in Berlin
at its peak.
270
00:40:49,897 --> 00:40:52,229
A flourishing enterprise.
271
00:40:52,533 --> 00:40:54,728
Many colleagues told me
272
00:40:54,936 --> 00:40:58,838
I was crazy to quit in the 1990s
when business was booming.
273
00:40:59,507 --> 00:41:02,704
But we only have
so many years to live.
274
00:41:02,877 --> 00:41:08,315
What's the sense of becoming
the richest man in the cemetery?
275
00:41:08,482 --> 00:41:13,681
All the managers I know with large-scale
operations have health problems.
276
00:41:15,489 --> 00:41:18,185
No wonder.
Each project is a forced march.
277
00:41:33,641 --> 00:41:38,408
Pariser Platz is the hottest topic
among German architecture critics.
278
00:41:38,613 --> 00:41:40,478
It was demolished later.
279
00:41:40,915 --> 00:41:44,407
State Secretary and Architects on Site
280
00:41:44,986 --> 00:41:48,581
It came down after the Wall went up.
The Adlon was still there.
281
00:41:48,756 --> 00:41:53,216
One fragment wasn't levelled
after the fall of the Wall.
282
00:41:53,394 --> 00:41:56,261
The Academy of Arts.
283
00:41:56,464 --> 00:42:00,491
The Berlin government
agreed at once to restore the square.
284
00:42:00,668 --> 00:42:03,159
Reconstruction
of the spatial configuration.
285
00:42:03,404 --> 00:42:07,704
Town planners and legislators
devised a strict code
286
00:42:07,875 --> 00:42:11,242
unlike in the rest of Berlin.
287
00:42:11,445 --> 00:42:13,675
Redevelopment is oriented
288
00:42:13,881 --> 00:42:17,442
on the final condition
before World War II.
289
00:42:17,718 --> 00:42:20,482
The Late Modernist style
of the 1920s.
290
00:42:20,688 --> 00:42:22,918
The way it looked back then.
291
00:42:23,357 --> 00:42:27,760
New structures are designed
as tall as the Brandenburg Gate.
292
00:42:28,896 --> 00:42:32,855
They get the height
of the palaces that stood here.
293
00:42:37,672 --> 00:42:42,234
Pariser Platz is back in place.
What can I say?
294
00:42:42,410 --> 00:42:44,901
I could say this or that is ugly.
295
00:42:45,246 --> 00:42:48,272
Or that something could be better.
296
00:42:48,449 --> 00:42:51,680
Basically, it has been restored.
297
00:42:52,353 --> 00:42:56,881
The overall composition
is now what it formerly was.
298
00:42:57,058 --> 00:42:58,889
And that's fine.
299
00:43:05,866 --> 00:43:11,566
I don't want to restore the palace
to make it a home fit for a Kaiser.
300
00:43:12,006 --> 00:43:16,636
The idea is to restore the palace
as a piece of architecture.
301
00:43:16,944 --> 00:43:20,937
What it houses is another story.
That's not important.
302
00:43:28,022 --> 00:43:30,718
Berlin City Palace 1950
303
00:44:17,405 --> 00:44:19,771
Same Site 1998
East German Palace of the Republic
304
00:44:27,148 --> 00:44:30,481
I disagree completely.
305
00:44:30,651 --> 00:44:34,712
I think we should knock it down
and leave the space vacant a while.
306
00:44:34,889 --> 00:44:38,381
To get a feel
for the emptiness created
307
00:44:38,559 --> 00:44:42,051
by the destruction
of the old Prussian palace.
308
00:44:42,396 --> 00:44:46,662
This is third-class architecture,
at best.
309
00:44:47,601 --> 00:44:50,764
The location is too important
310
00:44:50,938 --> 00:44:53,532
to maintain an eyesore
for sentimental reasons.
311
00:44:53,707 --> 00:44:55,868
The Old Museum, the palace,
312
00:44:56,043 --> 00:44:58,477
the oversized cathedral.
313
00:44:59,146 --> 00:45:02,274
A superb area
geometrically and spatially.
314
00:45:04,385 --> 00:45:07,821
Architect and State Secretary
315
00:45:08,255 --> 00:45:11,281
-We must recover the spaciousness.
-I certainly won't argue with that.
316
00:45:12,059 --> 00:45:14,926
In my opinion,
the main problem is
317
00:45:15,095 --> 00:45:17,086
that policymakers have locked horns.
318
00:45:17,431 --> 00:45:22,391
It's ''palace'' versus ''palace''.
Restoration versus status quo.
319
00:45:22,570 --> 00:45:25,903
We can't overcome this impasse.
320
00:45:26,073 --> 00:45:28,371
The odds are insurmountable.
321
00:45:28,542 --> 00:45:32,444
A peak we'll never climb.
We don't have the energy.
322
00:45:32,613 --> 00:45:35,707
What we can do
is deal with the sites.
323
00:45:35,883 --> 00:45:37,748
We need more courage.
324
00:45:37,918 --> 00:45:40,409
Where was Palace Square?
I always ask people that.
325
00:45:40,588 --> 00:45:44,581
-Over there.
-In front.
326
00:45:44,758 --> 00:45:48,888
Why can't we restore the square?
As a shape.
327
00:45:49,063 --> 00:45:51,122
-Plus a monument.
-Yes, a monument.
328
00:45:51,465 --> 00:45:56,198
With a fountain, for instance.
Then we'd have a site.
329
00:45:57,938 --> 00:46:03,205
At least we agree that the dimensions
of the old palace must be recreated.
330
00:46:03,544 --> 00:46:06,707
It was once a lovely urban space.
331
00:46:06,881 --> 00:46:10,146
-Nobody questions that.
-Schultes does.
332
00:46:10,484 --> 00:46:14,887
He wants something baroque.
You can't take that seriously.
333
00:46:17,992 --> 00:46:21,086
Architect With His Plaster Model
334
00:46:21,262 --> 00:46:24,197
It started with the Palace Square.
335
00:46:24,698 --> 00:46:29,897
It expanded and developed gradually
in the direction of the canal.
336
00:46:30,237 --> 00:46:35,231
The old Palace Square provided
excellent urban spaces.
337
00:46:38,112 --> 00:46:41,013
As the Hohenzollern style
began to make its mark,
338
00:46:41,181 --> 00:46:45,550
as the palace
became Prussian and Wilhelminian,
339
00:46:45,753 --> 00:46:48,688
all that remained
was this bulky monolith
340
00:46:48,856 --> 00:46:55,159
which occupied
and dominated the whole location.
341
00:46:57,264 --> 00:47:00,495
It overshadowed all else,
leaving spatial remnants.
342
00:47:00,668 --> 00:47:03,865
Our main criticism concerning this zone
is not palace reconstruction.
343
00:47:04,038 --> 00:47:05,562
A palace is fine.
344
00:47:05,806 --> 00:47:09,207
We address the impact
of the palace as an edifice.
345
00:47:09,777 --> 00:47:12,837
Recreating a wasteland
that existed for centuries.
346
00:47:13,013 --> 00:47:17,541
Building a worthless site.
A heart of wind and backyards.
347
00:47:28,629 --> 00:47:31,598
Foreman and Iron Layers
at Hausvogtei Square
348
00:47:32,967 --> 00:47:35,697
The wall that goes across here
349
00:47:35,869 --> 00:47:37,769
bends inward by 20 centimetres.
350
00:47:39,006 --> 00:47:42,169
My ceiling is bulging.
351
00:47:44,778 --> 00:47:50,216
That's right. A crack going up and misalignment
mean the rods must be shorter.
352
00:47:50,551 --> 00:47:53,679
If you lay the irons in here.
353
00:47:53,854 --> 00:47:55,082
Exactly.
354
00:47:55,623 --> 00:47:59,889
We have to trim the bottom.
We can't cut off the hooks.
355
00:48:00,094 --> 00:48:01,652
The rods have to hang somehow.
356
00:48:32,092 --> 00:48:35,255
At Potsdamer Platz
357
00:49:54,074 --> 00:49:57,271
Underwater Construction Workers
358
00:50:24,371 --> 00:50:26,168
<-Wolfgang?
-Yes.
359
00:50:26,340 --> 00:50:28,934
00:50:33,804
-Lower the ''shaker''.
<-The ''shaker's'' coming.
361
00:52:16,617 --> 00:52:19,609
3 Weeks Later
362
00:52:41,708 --> 00:52:45,166
3 Months Later
363
00:56:13,487 --> 00:56:16,684
2 Years Later
364
00:56:28,835 --> 00:56:32,362
DaimlerChrysler Real Estate
Building A1 Architect
365
00:57:13,280 --> 00:57:16,545
Can we pour a little water on it?
366
00:57:20,954 --> 00:57:24,117
A larger grain size would be better.
367
00:57:27,327 --> 00:57:29,192
We'll make it 32.
368
00:57:29,462 --> 00:57:32,829
That would be much more expensive.
369
00:57:33,934 --> 00:57:37,165
Managing Director,
DaimlerChrysler Real Estate
370
00:57:45,445 --> 00:57:48,107
-Have you been one level higher?
-Yes.
371
00:57:48,281 --> 00:57:50,146
-How is it?
-A good job.
372
00:57:50,317 --> 00:57:52,376
We need terrazzo practice.
373
00:57:54,254 --> 00:57:56,085
The air duct is 3 x 3 metres.
374
00:57:57,123 --> 00:58:01,856
-We put it as far back as we could.
-The terrace up there...
375
00:58:02,262 --> 00:58:03,251
-I don't know.
-It's not good.
376
00:58:03,430 --> 00:58:07,526
I'll get Westphal to try
to give you two metres.
377
00:58:07,867 --> 00:58:08,959
Please do that.
378
00:58:11,238 --> 00:58:16,574
As we were saying the other day,
there's a gorgeous view from here.
379
00:58:17,010 --> 00:58:19,535
The scaffolding still blocks the view.
380
00:58:26,419 --> 00:58:29,115
Are they working
or is it too cold today?
381
00:58:30,357 --> 00:58:32,518
They're putting it up fast.
382
00:58:32,993 --> 00:58:37,259
I'm always amazed
at the excellent quality
383
00:58:37,430 --> 00:58:39,762
of the prefabricated elements.
384
00:58:41,568 --> 00:58:45,766
If masons had done it the old way
it wouldn't be that perfect.
385
00:58:51,544 --> 00:58:54,206
We had a meeting yesterday.
386
00:58:55,015 --> 00:58:58,041
The consultants
bug us with misgivings.
387
00:58:58,585 --> 00:59:01,076
Sony Center Architect
388
00:59:02,289 --> 00:59:04,484
I put my foot down.
389
00:59:04,691 --> 00:59:07,023
Said they'd gone too far.
390
00:59:07,193 --> 00:59:11,562
I didn't come all this way
to get pushed around here.
391
00:59:12,065 --> 00:59:15,523
Send a fax to Chicago.
To Murphy / Jahn.
392
00:59:15,969 --> 00:59:21,669
Nobody here knows how to coordinate.
Not one mole who can find his hole.
393
00:59:22,008 --> 00:59:23,999
I have to do it all.
394
00:59:24,210 --> 00:59:26,542
Don't let Chicago do it. Okay?
395
00:59:26,713 --> 00:59:30,080
The railing problem really upset me.
396
00:59:30,250 --> 00:59:32,718
Suddenly a different kind
was delivered.
397
01:00:15,695 --> 01:00:19,096
Potsdamer Platz Master Planner
398
01:00:23,036 --> 01:00:24,936
-Got the keys?
-Open up.
399
01:02:30,697 --> 01:02:33,530
Grand Opening
Potsdamer Platz
400
01:03:04,464 --> 01:03:07,865
Years Earlier
401
01:03:38,665 --> 01:03:43,364
01:03:45,602
01:03:47,501
01:03:51,405
01:03:55,405
01:03:59,385
01:04:03,555
< Where we see a chain of events
408
01:04:03,990 --> 01:04:06,458
01:04:09,351
01:04:11,895
01:04:15,196
01:04:19,304
01:04:22,771
01:04:25,672
01:04:30,875
< It is so strong
01:04:36,982
01:04:39,821
01:04:44,853
01:04:49,857
01:04:52,500
01:05:12,114
Jewish Museum
422
01:08:27,119 --> 01:08:30,282
The Longest Building Site
423
01:09:37,256 --> 01:09:41,124
The session is scheduled
for , I believe.
424
01:09:42,695 --> 01:09:45,163
Lehrter Central Station Architects
425
01:09:52,004 --> 01:09:53,369
All fixed up again?
426
01:09:54,440 --> 01:09:57,671
-It's intact now.
-Over and over.
427
01:09:58,911 --> 01:10:00,845
He put it together.
428
01:10:01,013 --> 01:10:06,610
He is in a position to do it so precisely
that we get the vault shape.
429
01:10:07,286 --> 01:10:09,220
-The advantage is...
-Noble.
430
01:10:09,555 --> 01:10:11,580
-It looks noble as hell.
-Very noble.
431
01:10:11,757 --> 01:10:15,853
A full-scale model has been proposed.
432
01:10:16,028 --> 01:10:19,794
We submitted an estimate
of 800,000 deutschmarks.
433
01:10:19,966 --> 01:10:21,763
-For a model?
-Life-size.
434
01:10:21,934 --> 01:10:24,630
-For 800,000?
-The ceiling.
435
01:10:24,837 --> 01:10:31,242
-A whole train platform as a model?
-Ceiling, walls, a cross-section.
436
01:10:31,811 --> 01:10:35,247
The vault and the exterior wall
and platform surface
437
01:10:35,581 --> 01:10:39,813
as a model to show
to the German Railway.
438
01:10:40,186 --> 01:10:43,019
You prepared for this
as if you were competing
439
01:10:43,189 --> 01:10:45,714
with other architects.
440
01:10:45,891 --> 01:10:48,291
We've been wheeling plans
down halls all year.
441
01:10:48,627 --> 01:10:50,356
We want to get Mr Lepper
to give his okay.
442
01:10:50,696 --> 01:10:54,223
He wants us to go down
from 170 to 100 million.
443
01:10:54,834 --> 01:10:56,233
Quite a cut!
444
01:10:56,869 --> 01:10:59,929
I said we'd manage
if he cut out all the trimmings.
445
01:11:00,139 --> 01:11:03,631
Mr Sommer attended
a session on nodes in Berlin.
446
01:11:03,876 --> 01:11:06,106
And on timeframes.
447
01:11:06,345 --> 01:11:10,145
He told them
if they kept twiddling their thumbs
448
01:11:10,349 --> 01:11:11,941
they'd be building in 2015.
449
01:11:12,118 --> 01:11:16,020
And he's right.
Now about the shop facades.
450
01:11:17,256 --> 01:11:21,317
We had a look at Potsdamer Platz.
It opened last weekend.
451
01:11:21,660 --> 01:11:22,991
The shopping mall.
452
01:11:23,162 --> 01:11:24,993
It's uglier than Leipzig's.
453
01:11:25,164 --> 01:11:26,654
Chaos strikes again.
454
01:11:26,866 --> 01:11:31,633
That inclines us to opt
for a shell made entirely of glass.
455
01:11:31,804 --> 01:11:36,901
The thing that makes a mall
like in Leipzig
456
01:11:37,076 --> 01:11:42,673
or Potsdamer Platz a hodgepodge
is not the advertising
457
01:11:42,848 --> 01:11:45,840
but diverse materials and lighting.
458
01:11:46,052 --> 01:11:48,418
Different shapes and forms.
459
01:11:48,754 --> 01:11:51,222
One chain has a cosy cabin,
the next a Black Forest.
460
01:12:55,121 --> 01:12:57,385
Under the Tunnel Segment
461
01:14:48,867 --> 01:14:52,268
Reichstag Dome 1999
462
01:16:16,322 --> 01:16:19,348
Remodelling Architect
with Clients
463
01:17:18,917 --> 01:17:23,854
Mr President,
Ladies, Gentlemen and Colleagues,
464
01:17:25,090 --> 01:17:28,389
we have finally lived to see it.
465
01:17:28,727 --> 01:17:31,855
The reunified German Parliament
comes home.
466
01:17:32,064 --> 01:17:36,433
''For the German People''
is the Reichstag inscription.
467
01:17:36,769 --> 01:17:40,830
It again obliges us,
members of the Bundestag.
468
01:17:44,009 --> 01:17:47,638
In the Psalms
of the people of Israel we read:
469
01:17:47,813 --> 01:17:52,273
Unless the Lord watches over the city,
the watchman stays awake in vain.
470
01:17:52,885 --> 01:17:56,446
It is in vain that you rise up early
471
01:17:57,055 --> 01:17:59,182
and go late to rest,
472
01:17:59,992 --> 01:18:02,893
eating the bread of anxious toil
473
01:18:03,395 --> 01:18:06,660
for he gives to his beloved sheep.
474
01:18:09,768 --> 01:18:14,705
Our Father, Who art in Heaven,
hallowed be Thy Name.
475
01:18:15,040 --> 01:18:17,008
Thy Kingdom come.
476
01:18:17,176 --> 01:18:18,939
Thy Will be done
477
01:18:19,244 --> 01:18:22,145
on Earth as it is Heaven.
478
01:18:22,347 --> 01:18:25,714
Give us this day our daily bread.
479
01:18:26,051 --> 01:18:32,183
And forgive us our trespasses
as we forgive our trespassers.
480
01:18:32,524 --> 01:18:38,360
And lead us not into temptation,
but deliver us from evil.
481
01:18:39,164 --> 01:18:40,961
For Thine is the Kingdom,
482
01:18:41,333 --> 01:18:42,823
and the Power,
483
01:18:43,001 --> 01:18:46,129
and the Glory forever.
484
01:18:46,338 --> 01:18:47,498
Amen.
485
01:18:51,109 --> 01:18:55,273
May Almighty God grant you
His blessing and salvation.
486
01:18:55,481 --> 01:18:58,473
May He strengthen
your sense of responsibility
487
01:18:58,851 --> 01:19:03,151
and help you to abide
by His commandments
488
01:19:04,122 --> 01:19:07,216
so that nothing will happen
against His will.
489
01:19:09,361 --> 01:19:13,422
May He guide your footsteps
on the path of peace,
490
01:19:14,032 --> 01:19:17,126
of freedom and righteousness
491
01:19:18,103 --> 01:19:20,731
so you will do only good
492
01:19:21,039 --> 01:19:23,803
and lead the way to an era of love.
493
01:20:36,848 --> 01:20:42,081
I realise Berliners lost all
of what they saw as a beautiful city.
494
01:20:43,188 --> 01:20:49,388
The wish of two Berlin generations
to have a complete city once again
495
01:20:50,095 --> 01:20:55,829
is a reaction to living for 50 years
in a war-torn cityscape.
496
01:20:56,335 --> 01:20:58,963
The next generation will gripe.
497
01:20:59,171 --> 01:21:02,868
They'll start wailing,
''Who dreamed this up?''
498
01:21:03,041 --> 01:21:07,102
-No open spaces.
-Built up tight like in the 19th century.
499
01:21:07,312 --> 01:21:10,281
Academy of Arts
Remodelling Architects
500
01:21:11,650 --> 01:21:15,347
This was Speer's command centre.
501
01:21:15,988 --> 01:21:19,890
I hoped I'd never enter
such a dump again!
502
01:21:21,627 --> 01:21:24,494
Monument preservationists demanded
503
01:21:24,663 --> 01:21:28,360
it be kept in its present state.
504
01:21:28,900 --> 01:21:32,392
Back then these were
fine exhibition spaces.
505
01:21:32,571 --> 01:21:35,404
Compared to the other facilities.
506
01:21:36,008 --> 01:21:39,307
But the wide frieze is peculiar,
isn't it?
507
01:21:39,511 --> 01:21:42,969
-It's the maintenance area.
-All fine and good, but...
508
01:21:43,515 --> 01:21:47,645
-Let's go over to get a good look.
-Let them do what they like.
509
01:21:49,421 --> 01:21:54,484
We have to be extremely careful
not to succumb to fetishism.
510
01:21:55,227 --> 01:21:58,458
This is the Snow White Coffin.
511
01:22:00,098 --> 01:22:02,623
That's not right at all.
512
01:22:03,101 --> 01:22:07,333
It's sagging from one side to the other.
You can't reconstruct it.
513
01:22:07,506 --> 01:22:12,375
It's no point of interest
as an engineering feat.
514
01:22:12,544 --> 01:22:15,377
-It's just an old relic.
-Because of its historic location.
515
01:22:15,547 --> 01:22:20,007
The only thing left apart from
the Brandenburg Gate.
516
01:22:21,586 --> 01:22:23,486
There's nothing we can do.
517
01:22:24,690 --> 01:22:29,127
What do we do with such an element?
518
01:22:29,361 --> 01:22:32,956
If it is used, the platforms and cuts
will be a total mess.
519
01:22:33,131 --> 01:22:37,261
The best thing to do
is to avoid the whole thing.
520
01:22:37,536 --> 01:22:40,972
I can't bear to look at this place.
521
01:22:42,240 --> 01:22:45,573
Imagine how it will look
with the wrap-around glass.
522
01:22:45,744 --> 01:22:49,180
The tower will stand
as a compact mass
523
01:22:49,347 --> 01:22:54,307
and can serve a purpose
as a connecting link.
524
01:22:56,388 --> 01:23:01,621
-When did Speer build these rooms?
-The tower was built in 1905-1906.
525
01:23:01,793 --> 01:23:05,422
-And this addition here?
-After 1938.
526
01:23:05,630 --> 01:23:09,691
In 1937 Hitler gave him
title to the property.
527
01:23:10,235 --> 01:23:11,224
-That's Speer's tract?
-Yes.
528
01:23:11,403 --> 01:23:16,773
The superstructure over the tract
depriving it of sunlight.
529
01:23:17,109 --> 01:23:22,103
This former Nazi tract was furnished
for the draughtsmen who worked here.
530
01:23:22,280 --> 01:23:28,776
This is the section we'd eliminate
in order to build a skylight.
531
01:23:29,121 --> 01:23:33,114
This was all superimposed
on the original structure.
532
01:23:35,127 --> 01:23:40,030
What did they do in here?
Drafting or designing?
533
01:23:40,232 --> 01:23:42,757
Schelkes worked here.
You know him.
534
01:23:43,101 --> 01:23:45,592
-He can't still be alive.
-Yes, he is.
535
01:23:45,771 --> 01:23:51,334
He wanted me to make a speech
for his 90th birthday.
536
01:23:51,510 --> 01:23:53,478
How nice! What did you say?
537
01:23:53,645 --> 01:23:56,705
I told his story
at the home for the aged.
538
01:23:57,349 --> 01:23:59,647
The seduction of a generation.
539
01:24:00,218 --> 01:24:02,448
That was moving, heavy.
540
01:24:06,191 --> 01:24:11,720
And Schelkes was able to draw
a ground plan of all this from memory.
541
01:24:12,063 --> 01:24:14,054
Who worked where,
the model studio.
542
01:24:14,232 --> 01:24:18,532
Huge models extended
through the row of showrooms.
543
01:24:19,237 --> 01:24:23,537
They were always brought here
for final inspection.
544
01:24:24,109 --> 01:24:29,376
The top brass, or Hitler himself,
made corrections to the plans.
545
01:24:30,615 --> 01:24:33,846
The historical significance
is staggering.
546
01:24:34,186 --> 01:24:36,848
A strange, multi-layered place.
547
01:24:44,029 --> 01:24:45,656
That's the way it is!
42330
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