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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 0 00:00:01,000 --> 00:00:04,000 Downloaded From www.AllSubs.org 1 00:00:03,192 --> 00:00:05,581 After the Germans defeated France, 2 00:00:05,727 --> 00:00:09,977 their soldier was sent to Paris for rest and recreation. 3 00:00:21,437 --> 00:00:26,309 One of the soldiers on leave, is 19 years old, Lieutenant August von Kageneck. 4 00:00:27,217 --> 00:00:29,998 His unit did not take part in the France campaign. 5 00:00:30,675 --> 00:00:32,942 He is visiting the city for the first time. 6 00:00:34,140 --> 00:00:35,192 He writes: 7 00:00:35,290 --> 00:00:38,000 We are given very strict instructions. 8 00:00:38,102 --> 00:00:42,585 We must impeccably dressed, and avoid all contact with the population. 9 00:00:43,014 --> 00:00:45,325 We're inventing mass tourism. 10 00:00:48,206 --> 00:00:50,564 The French refuse to look at them. 11 00:00:55,430 --> 00:00:57,820 Some, have started to fight back. 12 00:00:59,137 --> 00:01:02,012 These two men who sabotage telephone lines 13 00:01:02,177 --> 00:01:05,516 will be the first to be executed by the German� . 14 00:01:06,343 --> 00:01:11,125 The new French state, under the authoritarian rule of Mar�chal Petain, 15 00:01:11,242 --> 00:01:14,195 chooses to collaborate with Germany. 16 00:01:14,768 --> 00:01:17,474 Petain promulgates a set of anti Jewish statutes 17 00:01:17,633 --> 00:01:20,481 that excludes Jews from public life. 18 00:01:20,880 --> 00:01:24,004 He and Hitler have shaken hands. 19 00:01:26,828 --> 00:01:29,706 Everyday, the Wehrmacht parades. 20 00:01:35,615 --> 00:01:40,580 The Germans occupy the capital cities of Europe 21 00:01:41,075 --> 00:01:45,773 After Prague and Warsaw, Brussels, Luxemburg, The Hague, 22 00:01:45,874 --> 00:01:47,873 Copenhagen, and Oslo, 23 00:01:48,743 --> 00:01:50,273 but not London. 24 00:01:53,289 --> 00:01:56,497 February 1941, in the suburbs of London. 25 00:01:57,757 --> 00:02:03,043 Rose, who is only 3, has already lived through 2 years of war. 26 00:02:04,471 --> 00:02:08,813 Timing & Viet by jdinic3@podnapisi English by godlob@IDWS 27 00:02:22,523 --> 00:02:24,558 Rose is brave, 28 00:02:24,629 --> 00:02:27,583 and bravery is called for in Britain. 29 00:02:28,292 --> 00:02:31,395 3/6 Shock 30 00:02:47,727 --> 00:02:52,831 Great Britain's cities had been devastated by German bombs. 31 00:02:55,505 --> 00:02:58,428 But the country stands firm around Churchill 32 00:02:58,852 --> 00:03:01,615 and with the providential aid of Roosevelt. 33 00:03:04,327 --> 00:03:09,643 Roosevelt has just been re-elected for third term as President of the United States. 34 00:03:10,096 --> 00:03:13,830 Though American opinion remain opposed to war, he declares 35 00:03:14,161 --> 00:03:17,736 We must be the great arsenal of democracy. 36 00:03:18,805 --> 00:03:23,357 Only part of the equipment he sends to Great Britain gets through. 37 00:03:26,018 --> 00:03:29,360 Every British ship at sea is in a great danger. 38 00:03:31,219 --> 00:03:35,215 The Atlantic ocean is crawled by the German submarines. 39 00:03:39,465 --> 00:03:42,789 Their periscopes seek out British vessels. 40 00:04:00,675 --> 00:04:01,968 Churchill is worried. 41 00:04:02,028 --> 00:04:04,473 Soon, nothing will get through 42 00:04:04,606 --> 00:04:07,756 and the outcome of the war seems uncertain. 43 00:04:09,087 --> 00:04:13,866 Great Britain is an island, This is an advantage as well as a disadvantage. 44 00:04:14,293 --> 00:04:18,462 But it is the best hope for the countries under occupation. 45 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:25,773 The German submarines, or U-boats, now have the French harbors at their disposals. 46 00:04:26,895 --> 00:04:30,484 Grouped into packs, using torpedoes and cannons 47 00:04:30,557 --> 00:04:36,186 These 'Wolves of the Atlantics' succeeded in sinking 4,000,000 tons of British shipping. 48 00:04:36,299 --> 00:04:38,853 in 1941 alone. 49 00:04:51,712 --> 00:04:56,599 Here, German submariners toss loafs of bread to a shipwrecked crew 50 00:04:56,666 --> 00:04:59,717 who have almost no chance of surviving. 51 00:05:06,266 --> 00:05:10,029 They will die of thirst, of hunger, of cold 52 00:05:10,527 --> 00:05:12,746 or by choking on oil. 53 00:05:18,769 --> 00:05:21,427 Hitler is delighted with the success of his submarines 54 00:05:21,519 --> 00:05:25,405 but America's massive re-armament program worries him. 55 00:05:27,800 --> 00:05:29,865 He tells his secretary, Bormann, 56 00:05:29,942 --> 00:05:33,797 In one year, The United States will be ready to go to war. 57 00:05:33,835 --> 00:05:37,251 If we are to face them, we need more war materials. 58 00:05:37,420 --> 00:05:39,730 those materials are in the East. 59 00:05:40,170 --> 00:05:42,403 We need to conquer that 'Living Space'. 60 00:05:42,895 --> 00:05:45,905 then, Britain will lose all hope, and make peace, 61 00:05:46,274 --> 00:05:48,815 and it will be too late for the Americans. 62 00:05:48,905 --> 00:05:52,315 Let us attack Russia as soon as possible. 63 00:05:53,278 --> 00:05:57,008 Hitler codenamed the plan "Operation Barbarossa" 64 00:05:57,075 --> 00:06:00,323 after the medieval emperor, Frederick Barbarossa. 65 00:06:02,403 --> 00:06:05,972 The Wehrmacht started to concentrate its troop in the East. 66 00:06:06,846 --> 00:06:09,848 Lieutenant von Kageneck leaves for Poland. 67 00:06:14,121 --> 00:06:18,597 Polish prisoners and Jews have been put to work in various construction projects. 68 00:06:19,258 --> 00:06:21,997 Hitler wants to build a motorway across Poland 69 00:06:22,061 --> 00:06:25,863 in order to move his army over to the new border of the Russia. 70 00:06:36,166 --> 00:06:39,041 This is where the 9th Panzer Division is installed 71 00:06:39,091 --> 00:06:41,810 along with von Kageneck's regiment. 72 00:06:41,930 --> 00:06:42,920 He writes: 73 00:06:43,026 --> 00:06:45,354 Next to us is an SS youth. 74 00:06:45,454 --> 00:06:49,331 The commander asks: - Do you want to see a Jew? 75 00:06:49,360 --> 00:06:52,408 He makes a sign and a soldier brings over a little man. 76 00:06:53,216 --> 00:06:55,444 How many people have you been stolen from today? 77 00:06:55,946 --> 00:06:57,890 The man doesn't reply. 78 00:06:58,472 --> 00:07:00,568 Beat him 10 times with the stick 79 00:07:01,721 --> 00:07:06,147 We were appalled. So this is our occupation of Poland? 80 00:07:06,372 --> 00:07:08,562 We had heard fake stories of cruelty, 81 00:07:08,661 --> 00:07:11,519 but it was impossible to know what was really going on. 82 00:07:12,173 --> 00:07:15,016 This country has become the country of silence. 83 00:07:15,843 --> 00:07:19,336 We didn't know that this was the beginning of the genocide 84 00:07:19,435 --> 00:07:24,123 to which we will lend our hands and our courage. 85 00:07:31,333 --> 00:07:34,738 Hitler diverse his plans for an offensive in the East. 86 00:07:34,852 --> 00:07:37,116 He has to help out his ally, Mussolini 87 00:07:37,313 --> 00:07:40,425 who wants to fight his own separate war. 88 00:07:41,827 --> 00:07:45,302 Il Duce has just been routed by British in Africa. 89 00:07:48,899 --> 00:07:52,576 The Italian army is in disarray in the desert. 90 00:07:53,756 --> 00:07:55,556 To rescue Mussolini from disaster 91 00:07:55,650 --> 00:07:58,896 Hitler dispatches one of his best generals over to Libya. 92 00:07:59,503 --> 00:08:05,139 General Rommel, along with his armored division. The Afrikakorp 93 00:08:14,424 --> 00:08:16,876 In Germany, Rommel is a big hero. 94 00:08:17,079 --> 00:08:23,079 He is the man who took Cambrai, Arras, Rouen and Cherbourg in May and June of 1940. 95 00:08:24,126 --> 00:08:25,870 And he is a true Nazi. 96 00:08:25,977 --> 00:08:31,005 a devotee who has served Hitler with great zeal and efficiency from the very beginning. 97 00:08:31,721 --> 00:08:36,226 Rommel believes in tanks and in a 'lightning war'. 98 00:08:36,497 --> 00:08:40,875 He quickly orders the Afrikakorp to set off to the British position. 99 00:08:51,837 --> 00:08:54,512 Rommel is already making a name for himself. 100 00:08:54,904 --> 00:09:00,265 The British circulated his picture with the description, "This man is dangerous." 101 00:09:02,856 --> 00:09:07,514 Hitler attacks Greece, the country that Mussolini has already tried to take 102 00:09:09,565 --> 00:09:13,528 After his 'blitzkrieg' in the Balkans and his occupation over the Yugoslavia. 103 00:09:13,825 --> 00:09:17,389 He drops his paratroopers over Crete. 104 00:09:19,792 --> 00:09:23,435 Hitler has secured his southern flank for the invasion of Russia 105 00:09:23,538 --> 00:09:25,587 but he lost precious time. 106 00:09:25,805 --> 00:09:29,576 Operation Barbarossa has been delayed for several weeks. 107 00:09:31,872 --> 00:09:35,952 A grand military parade is traditionally held in Moscow's Red Square 108 00:09:36,048 --> 00:09:38,805 to celebrate International Workers Day. 109 00:09:38,910 --> 00:09:41,588 Special preparations have gone into this one, however, 110 00:09:41,826 --> 00:09:44,782 Stalin wants to make a big impression on the Germans. 111 00:09:45,418 --> 00:09:50,151 He's been receiving information from his spies warning of the imminence of an attack. 112 00:09:50,730 --> 00:09:53,064 But he finds it hard to believe that Hitler 113 00:09:53,150 --> 00:09:57,755 would dare to break German-Soviet Non-aggression Pact, so soon. 114 00:09:58,383 --> 00:10:00,475 The Germans are attending the parade, 115 00:10:00,741 --> 00:10:05,121 and Marshall Timoshenko, The People Commissar and Stalin's Defense Minister 116 00:10:05,203 --> 00:10:07,685 seems to salute them with great respect. 117 00:10:21,841 --> 00:10:23,652 Hitler is ready to attack 118 00:10:23,738 --> 00:10:26,464 but he wants to avoid fighting on 2 fronts. 119 00:10:26,548 --> 00:10:29,538 He would like to make peace with Great Britain first. 120 00:10:30,832 --> 00:10:35,185 In the suburb of London, in a house that has been spared from the German bombs 121 00:10:35,282 --> 00:10:38,885 Rose is helping her parents who is listening to the radio. 122 00:10:39,637 --> 00:10:43,335 Suddenly, an astonishing announcement comes over the BBC. 123 00:10:45,379 --> 00:10:49,048 In Scotland, near Glasgow, the remains of a German plane 124 00:10:49,138 --> 00:10:52,262 Messerschmitt 110 has been found. 125 00:10:52,372 --> 00:10:54,959 Its pilot bailed out by parachute. 126 00:10:57,668 --> 00:11:00,128 He turned out to be a top-ranked Nazi 127 00:11:00,326 --> 00:11:02,960 Hitler's deputy, Rudolf Hess. 128 00:11:03,318 --> 00:11:04,194 He says: 129 00:11:04,204 --> 00:11:07,262 I have come in a mission of peace. 130 00:11:10,159 --> 00:11:12,768 Hess was one of Hitler first supporters 131 00:11:12,895 --> 00:11:15,376 and he is one of the most fanatical. 132 00:11:15,748 --> 00:11:19,432 The Party is Hitler 133 00:11:19,626 --> 00:11:23,754 Hitler is Germany Germany is Hitler! 134 00:11:28,117 --> 00:11:33,672 Hess feels that the role he has played is not being as glorious as that of other Nazi leaders. 135 00:11:33,754 --> 00:11:37,573 He wants to prove to his Fuhrer, that he, Rudolf Hess, is the only person 136 00:11:37,664 --> 00:11:42,366 capable of finding a way out of the conflict with Great Britain. 137 00:11:45,107 --> 00:11:47,275 But he is immediately locked up. 138 00:11:47,504 --> 00:11:51,645 Churchill rejects his overtures, and Hitler disowns him. 139 00:11:52,336 --> 00:11:56,609 Hess will remain in prison for the rest of his life. 140 00:11:59,749 --> 00:12:05,186 Meanwhile, intelligence reports indicate that Hitler is planning to invade the Soviet Union, 141 00:12:05,263 --> 00:12:07,647 but Stalin ignores the reports 142 00:12:07,905 --> 00:12:11,280 just as he ignores the last message sent in by Richard Sorge, 143 00:12:11,357 --> 00:12:13,846 a Soviet spy based in Tokyo. 144 00:12:13,932 --> 00:12:18,839 The document dated May 30, 1941, warns of the German attack. 145 00:12:19,854 --> 00:12:23,507 In fact, Stalin continues to send war materials to the Reich. 146 00:12:23,796 --> 00:12:26,767 Since the signing of the German-Soviet Non-aggression Pact, 147 00:12:26,844 --> 00:12:31,886 he has exported thousands of tons of oil, chrome, and nickel to Germany. 148 00:12:32,032 --> 00:12:36,063 All of which, help Hitler to conquer France. 149 00:12:37,514 --> 00:12:41,919 The last train load was sent off on the night of June 21, 1941. 150 00:12:42,622 --> 00:12:47,519 Carrying tons of wheat, this train crosses over the border at midnight. 151 00:12:47,984 --> 00:12:52,586 And on June 22, at 3 AM, without officially declaring war, 152 00:12:52,737 --> 00:12:57,919 The first Wehrmacht sapper�s stealth over into Russian territory. 153 00:13:07,664 --> 00:13:12,160 They are followed by 153 German Divisions, 154 00:13:12,265 --> 00:13:17,073 As well as the Finnish, Romanian, Slovakian, and Hungarian troops. 155 00:13:17,604 --> 00:13:20,464 There is a division of Spanish fascist. 156 00:13:22,238 --> 00:13:26,701 3,000,000 million men, along with 600,000 trucks, 157 00:13:26,795 --> 00:13:31,740 many of which were made by French manufacturer, such as Berliet and Renault. 158 00:13:34,646 --> 00:13:40,238 More than 3,000 tanks, 7,000 cannons, 159 00:13:41,447 --> 00:13:45,126 3,000 aero planes. 160 00:13:53,550 --> 00:13:54,950 Within 24 hours, 161 00:13:55,040 --> 00:14:00,685 1,500 Soviet aircraft are wiped out on the ground. 162 00:14:04,700 --> 00:14:08,690 300 more Russian planes are shot down by the Germans. 163 00:14:09,732 --> 00:14:12,279 Taken by surprise, over-powered, 164 00:14:12,377 --> 00:14:16,620 The Soviet Air Force are suffered a devastating blow. 165 00:14:20,668 --> 00:14:24,718 The German offensive is unleashed across 3,000 km 166 00:14:24,819 --> 00:14:26,969 and in 3 different directions. 167 00:14:27,321 --> 00:14:31,067 In the north, the ideological target, Leningrad. 168 00:14:31,138 --> 00:14:35,791 Lenin city, the cradle of the Russian revolution, modern day's St. Petersburg. 169 00:14:39,552 --> 00:14:44,585 In the center, the political target, Moscow, Stalin's capital. 170 00:14:45,796 --> 00:14:50,486 In the south, the economic target, Kiev, at the Ukraine. 171 00:14:53,227 --> 00:14:56,214 Our armies are thrusting to the east 172 00:14:56,595 --> 00:14:59,597 Into Russian land 173 00:15:00,434 --> 00:15:03,889 Comrades, take your guns! 174 00:15:04,439 --> 00:15:07,483 Victory will be ours 175 00:15:07,980 --> 00:15:11,530 From Finland to the Black Sea 176 00:15:12,220 --> 00:15:15,722 Forward, forward! 177 00:15:16,020 --> 00:15:19,661 Forward to the east, storming army 178 00:15:19,765 --> 00:15:22,817 Freedom is our goal 179 00:15:23,743 --> 00:15:25,971 Victory is our banner 180 00:15:26,815 --> 00:15:30,083 Fuhrer, order us! 181 00:15:30,215 --> 00:15:32,605 We will follow you! 182 00:15:32,868 --> 00:15:37,892 In the northern Baltic states, The German are sometimes hailed as liberators. 183 00:15:41,509 --> 00:15:46,003 After Stalin's reign of terror, anything is better than the NKVD. 184 00:15:46,138 --> 00:15:50,517 The ruthless Soviet Secret Police, responsible for political repression. 185 00:15:51,427 --> 00:15:56,203 Forced to pull out, they execute the Baltic anti-communists in the prisons. 186 00:15:57,362 --> 00:16:01,899 Local anti-Semites accused the Jews are being in collision with the communists. 187 00:16:02,947 --> 00:16:05,564 Jews are forced to carry the corpses. 188 00:16:13,638 --> 00:16:18,248 Across the Baltic states, people started organizing pogrom against Jews 189 00:16:18,327 --> 00:16:21,355 which the German encourages with special instruction like: 190 00:16:21,487 --> 00:16:24,614 Do not leave any traces. 191 00:16:27,518 --> 00:16:31,106 Burning the bodies is one way eliminating them. 192 00:16:39,904 --> 00:16:42,203 On the central line, General Guderian, 193 00:16:42,309 --> 00:16:45,010 German tank strategist and the proponent of the blitzkrieg 194 00:16:45,085 --> 00:16:47,675 is held up by the Stalin line. 195 00:16:47,784 --> 00:16:52,113 A series of fortifications that the panzer grenadier have to take by a sword. 196 00:16:56,588 --> 00:16:59,333 Guderian continues to advance. 197 00:17:07,375 --> 00:17:12,090 But an unforeseen factor soon slows down his fine motorized unit, 198 00:17:12,552 --> 00:17:14,763 as described by von Kageneck: 199 00:17:15,713 --> 00:17:19,339 We advance in our armored cars and the dust envelopes us. 200 00:17:19,668 --> 00:17:23,306 We're in Russia, where road and asphalts don't exist. 201 00:17:23,886 --> 00:17:28,165 It's awful. The sticky yellow or red dust gets into everything 202 00:17:28,313 --> 00:17:32,562 into your eyes, your nose, your mouth. 203 00:17:35,601 --> 00:17:39,741 Under such condition, these men moves 50 km a day. 204 00:17:40,176 --> 00:17:45,100 They've marched all the way through Warsaw, to Oslo, to Bayonne. 205 00:17:46,548 --> 00:17:50,726 They are beginning to realize just how vast Russia is. 206 00:17:59,552 --> 00:18:05,338 Hundreds and hundreds of kilometers go by, without a single village in sight. 207 00:18:05,474 --> 00:18:07,127 It is becoming harder and harder 208 00:18:07,233 --> 00:18:11,385 for the supply, fuel, and ammunition trucks to get through. 209 00:18:14,535 --> 00:18:18,384 But there is another situation that the German soldiers must deal with. 210 00:18:18,468 --> 00:18:21,493 The Russian are putting up a good defense. 211 00:18:25,312 --> 00:18:28,889 A new type of Russian tank appears on the scene 212 00:18:28,976 --> 00:18:31,055 and this is a big surprise. 213 00:18:31,475 --> 00:18:34,698 The T-34, a 30 ton monster 214 00:18:34,778 --> 00:18:39,420 equipped with a formidable cannon and wide tracks that can go anywhere. 215 00:18:40,741 --> 00:18:44,817 It is superior to the German tanks in gun power and armor thickness 216 00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:50,208 but has only rudimentary radios, and clunky gearboxes. 217 00:18:56,382 --> 00:19:01,427 The only weapon powerful enough to neutralize it is the German "88" cannon 218 00:19:13,415 --> 00:19:18,011 Still, the German is better armed and they're army is stronger. 219 00:19:22,429 --> 00:19:28,384 But these 'Ivans', as they call the Russian, will fight to the nail, until the very end. 220 00:19:32,085 --> 00:19:34,804 The Russian have already suffered heavy losses, 221 00:19:34,945 --> 00:19:38,188 but the German casualties were also rising. 222 00:19:51,680 --> 00:19:55,321 The Germans continue to make progress towards their 3 goals. 223 00:19:55,396 --> 00:20:00,780 Leningrad, Moscow, and�Kiev by capturing entire armies. 224 00:20:05,236 --> 00:20:09,483 Hitler's orders are to immediately executes all political commissars, 225 00:20:09,944 --> 00:20:13,217 members of the Communist Party whose job is to oversee the officers 226 00:20:13,634 --> 00:20:16,534 and keep an eye on the soldiers in each military unit. 227 00:20:17,405 --> 00:20:20,351 Guderian is opposed to this criminal order. 228 00:20:21,238 --> 00:20:25,970 However, according to the Commander of the 4th Panzer Army Group, General Hopner: 229 00:20:26,182 --> 00:20:29,748 This war must be led with unprecedented brutality. 230 00:20:29,844 --> 00:20:32,979 There is to be no mercy for the Bolsheviks. 231 00:20:41,050 --> 00:20:43,916 The Bolsheviks, the Russian, fight desperately 232 00:20:44,018 --> 00:20:49,260 with fewer and fewer weapons, often with only one riffle for 4 men. 233 00:20:56,941 --> 00:21:00,572 They are forced to retreat along the entire front. 234 00:21:07,183 --> 00:21:09,813 For Stalin, things are looking very bad. 235 00:21:17,432 --> 00:21:19,436 With his heavy, Georgian accent, 236 00:21:19,515 --> 00:21:22,835 he pronounces words he's never used before. 237 00:21:22,930 --> 00:21:28,215 He calls the Russians, 'my brothers' and 'my sisters'. He tells them the truth: 238 00:21:28,788 --> 00:21:34,535 We are under attack by Hitler's Germany. The enemy is cruel and implacable. 239 00:21:34,931 --> 00:21:37,681 A grave danger hangs over our country. 240 00:21:39,104 --> 00:21:41,430 In the darkest hour, he dares to predict: 241 00:21:41,616 --> 00:21:45,861 Is it true that the German fascists are invincible? 242 00:21:45,976 --> 00:21:50,598 Napoleon's army is considered invincible, but it was beaten. 243 00:22:08,361 --> 00:22:12,105 He orders the factories along with their machines and their workers 244 00:22:12,202 --> 00:22:16,379 to relocate to the East, to the Ural mountains. 245 00:22:18,470 --> 00:22:21,754 And he gives farmers and peasants an absolute order: 246 00:22:21,867 --> 00:22:26,250 Leave, leave your izba, your house. Destroy everything. 247 00:22:26,341 --> 00:22:32,217 Leave behind nothing that can be of any use to the fascist-Hitler-right aggressors. 248 00:22:33,420 --> 00:22:36,689 This is Stalin's Scorched Earth Policy. 249 00:22:46,098 --> 00:22:49,499 The German officers have not forgotten about Napoleon. 250 00:22:52,344 --> 00:22:56,326 In 1812, the Russians defeated Napoleon's Grand Army 251 00:22:56,427 --> 00:22:58,947 by burning their towns and fields. 252 00:22:59,045 --> 00:23:03,424 And then massacre the French in the Battle of Berezina. 253 00:23:04,460 --> 00:23:08,817 In early July 1941, the Germans also reach the Berezina River, 254 00:23:08,947 --> 00:23:12,287 on the central front and they keep going. 255 00:23:13,503 --> 00:23:15,927 Resistance by the Soviet is growing stronger. 256 00:23:17,523 --> 00:23:21,535 On the other side of the river, an unpleasant surprise awaits the Germans. 257 00:23:22,313 --> 00:23:24,968 The Russian has set up a new kind of artillery, 258 00:23:25,796 --> 00:23:30,504 a rocket launcher called 'Stalin's Organ' or 'Katyusha' 259 00:23:30,907 --> 00:23:33,860 that was a sound like a mess of organ pipes. 260 00:23:34,766 --> 00:23:37,405 A most terrifying weapon. 261 00:23:43,761 --> 00:23:46,494 But nothing can stop the German advance. 262 00:23:48,253 --> 00:23:50,986 By mid-July, they have reached Smolensk, 263 00:23:51,095 --> 00:23:53,738 the last big city before Moscow. 264 00:23:59,417 --> 00:24:02,752 The battle of Smolensk lasts 3 weeks. 265 00:24:12,938 --> 00:24:15,241 The Russians fight until the very end 266 00:24:15,333 --> 00:24:19,351 despite the calls for surrender coming over the German land speakers. 267 00:24:21,295 --> 00:24:24,002 Surrender! 268 00:24:24,197 --> 00:24:28,213 You will be treated well. 269 00:24:29,951 --> 00:24:32,750 Very few are taken prisoner. 270 00:24:33,452 --> 00:24:38,383 Some of the survivors go into hiding in the deep forest and become insurgents. 271 00:24:48,293 --> 00:24:52,871 They are joined by many peasants and farmers, whom they train to fight. 272 00:24:53,837 --> 00:24:59,156 They hunt down traitors and disrupt enemy's communication lines. 273 00:25:06,579 --> 00:25:09,411 The �Grizzle� are brutal. The Fuhrer orders: 274 00:25:09,719 --> 00:25:14,851 Immediately liquidate all people suspected of harboring even the smallest amount of hostility. 275 00:25:26,537 --> 00:25:31,104 Hitler consults with the Wehrmacht's commander-in-chief, Field Marshall Keitel. 276 00:25:34,459 --> 00:25:37,392 Operation Barbarossa is slowing down. 277 00:25:38,442 --> 00:25:43,815 Some of the generals believe that Hitler's strategy of using a 3-prompt attack is to blame. 278 00:25:50,615 --> 00:25:54,402 Instead Marshall von Bock, commander of the army group center 279 00:25:54,521 --> 00:25:57,718 wants all of his forces focused on Moscow. 280 00:25:58,039 --> 00:26:02,005 Hitler does not like generals who dare to contradict him. 281 00:26:05,604 --> 00:26:08,795 General Guderian is there, he insists: 282 00:26:09,002 --> 00:26:12,267 We're only 350 km away from Moscow now. 283 00:26:13,651 --> 00:26:14,857 You understand nothing, says the Fuhrer. 284 00:26:15,183 --> 00:26:17,906 You know nothing of all time economics. 285 00:26:18,181 --> 00:26:20,478 First, we need the wheat from the Ukraine, 286 00:26:20,584 --> 00:26:23,766 so that they don't starve as they did in the previous war. 287 00:26:24,067 --> 00:26:28,257 Moscow is nothing but a symbol. We'll take care of it later. 288 00:26:28,597 --> 00:26:31,540 He orders Guderian to swing south towards Kiev 289 00:26:31,668 --> 00:26:35,559 in order to close the ***** around the Russian armies still operating 290 00:26:35,651 --> 00:26:38,519 in pockets to the rear of the Wehrmacht. 291 00:26:45,538 --> 00:26:48,979 It will be the biggest encirclement of all time. 292 00:26:49,327 --> 00:26:54,722 The Germans capture 600,000 Russian soldiers in one fell swoop. 293 00:26:56,091 --> 00:26:58,637 Himmler comes through on a visit. 294 00:26:58,744 --> 00:27:02,105 No provision had been made to feed the prisoners. 295 00:27:05,386 --> 00:27:07,058 With supreme indifference, 296 00:27:07,164 --> 00:27:10,472 Himmler contemplates those he calls the 'untermensch', 297 00:27:10,606 --> 00:27:12,666 or 'sub-human'. 298 00:27:13,492 --> 00:27:16,993 He will coldly let them starve to death. 299 00:27:22,486 --> 00:27:24,550 Lieutenant von Kageneck writes: 300 00:27:24,829 --> 00:27:26,825 We live quite well in the Ukraine. 301 00:27:26,939 --> 00:27:31,573 We had everything we needed: eggs, butter, fruits, milk, wine, 302 00:27:31,705 --> 00:27:34,995 an excellent red wine from the area around the Black Sea. 303 00:27:45,320 --> 00:27:46,219 He goes on: 304 00:27:46,317 --> 00:27:50,284 The Ukrainians will come up to us, smiling, filled with joy. 305 00:27:50,403 --> 00:27:52,591 The women will bring us bread and honey. 306 00:27:52,850 --> 00:27:55,912 They shore us as their liberators. 307 00:28:02,342 --> 00:28:06,744 The Ukrainians have many reasons to hate the Russians, and especially Stalin, 308 00:28:07,035 --> 00:28:10,948 who in the early 30s, orchestrated a massive starvation policy 309 00:28:11,031 --> 00:28:14,296 that killed as many as 7,000,000 people. 310 00:28:14,554 --> 00:28:20,113 Many Ukrainians, some anti-Semitic, also incriminated the Jews and carry out pogroms 311 00:28:20,385 --> 00:28:24,230 such as here in Zolochiv, while the Germans look on. 312 00:28:28,141 --> 00:28:32,260 In fact, many Ukrainians side with the Nazis. 313 00:28:35,030 --> 00:28:38,634 But Germany will spoil this opportunity to gain an ally. 314 00:28:39,000 --> 00:28:43,593 Marshall Goering, the second highest ranking figure in the Reich, comes to the Ukraine. 315 00:28:44,060 --> 00:28:44,898 He says: 316 00:28:45,202 --> 00:28:47,436 No useless mouth to feed 317 00:28:47,547 --> 00:28:51,681 Those who could work, have to work for the Reich. The rest, will die. 318 00:28:52,258 --> 00:28:57,102 Those who work have to give everything they have until they themselves die. 319 00:29:08,549 --> 00:29:12,643 Goering is here to implement this policy of enslaving the Ukraine 320 00:29:12,740 --> 00:29:16,442 and to carry out the methodical annihilation of the Jews. 321 00:29:16,721 --> 00:29:21,598 He is accompanied by Alfred Rosenberg, a central theoretician of Nazi racism. 322 00:29:28,499 --> 00:29:33,892 Himmler and�Heydrich set up execution commandos called 'einsatz grupen', 323 00:29:33,991 --> 00:29:38,643 for the compose of SS members, policemen, and Wehrmacht soldiers, 324 00:29:38,768 --> 00:29:41,276 who round up the Jews. 325 00:29:47,410 --> 00:29:51,091 The SS take the Jews into the woods and give them shovels 326 00:29:51,191 --> 00:29:54,926 so that they can dig their own graves. 327 00:30:13,511 --> 00:30:16,484 But they decide that this process is too slow. 328 00:30:16,570 --> 00:30:19,787 So they order long, common graves to be dug 329 00:30:19,882 --> 00:30:24,850 and make their victims lay down on top of the last group of dead bodies 330 00:30:46,813 --> 00:30:50,329 But even this procedure takes too long. 331 00:30:50,448 --> 00:30:55,559 The SS prepare a ravine known as 'Babi Yar', near Kiev. 332 00:30:58,762 --> 00:31:04,708 33,771 Jews will be executed in 2 days. 333 00:31:05,516 --> 00:31:08,893 Men, women, and children. 334 00:31:15,963 --> 00:31:20,139 In this 'living hell', as in hundreds of others through out the front, 335 00:31:20,281 --> 00:31:23,738 the executioners take picture of their victims 336 00:31:25,490 --> 00:31:29,743 This premeditated, cold-blooded massacre of a million of Jews 337 00:31:30,049 --> 00:31:34,044 will come to be known as 'The Holocaust by bullets'. 338 00:31:34,992 --> 00:31:36,880 But Himmler is not pleased. 339 00:31:37,006 --> 00:31:41,362 He has attended one of the 'einsatz grupens' so called 'actionz'. 340 00:31:41,568 --> 00:31:45,946 Noticing the psychological burden of this mass killing have for his soldiers, 341 00:31:46,074 --> 00:31:49,091 he begins searching alternative methods. 342 00:31:49,985 --> 00:31:55,452 This would lead to the use of a gas van with exhaust pipe hooked up to their rear compartments. 343 00:31:55,709 --> 00:31:59,348 And a year later, the gas chambers. 344 00:32:01,077 --> 00:32:04,761 In the north, the long siege of Leningrad begins. 345 00:32:16,497 --> 00:32:18,765 The Germans have their plan: 346 00:32:18,850 --> 00:32:20,503 Instead of fighting in the streets, 347 00:32:20,585 --> 00:32:25,554 we'll let our artillery and starvation do the job. 348 00:32:45,251 --> 00:32:47,635 City buildings are destroyed. 349 00:32:56,363 --> 00:32:59,681 A zoo elephant is the victim of an air raid. 350 00:33:02,081 --> 00:33:05,558 Food ration soon fall below the minimum necessary. 351 00:33:06,267 --> 00:33:10,100 But the worst is to come with the arrival of winter. 352 00:33:14,475 --> 00:33:17,578 In the south, Guderian finally received the order from Hitler 353 00:33:17,684 --> 00:33:22,812 to rejoin the other armies up north, and proceeds towards Moscow. 354 00:33:28,190 --> 00:33:32,128 Along this enormous front, from Leningrad to Odessa 355 00:33:32,265 --> 00:33:35,881 the thrust towards Moscow seems unstoppable. 356 00:33:41,091 --> 00:33:45,059 The Germans take another 700,000 prisoners. 357 00:33:48,427 --> 00:33:51,582 General Jodl, chief of staff of the Wehrmacht says: 358 00:33:51,875 --> 00:33:53,999 We have won the war. 359 00:34:02,527 --> 00:34:04,021 von Kageneck writes: 360 00:34:04,186 --> 00:34:07,529 We suddenly have to deal with the most frightful adversary, 361 00:34:07,634 --> 00:34:12,756 the autumn rain and mud, which the Russians called "rasputiza". 362 00:34:12,872 --> 00:34:17,798 Endless mud so gluey and sticky that it sucks and hold onto everything. 363 00:34:17,894 --> 00:34:19,523 They won't let go of anything, 364 00:34:19,605 --> 00:34:24,049 whether it be a tank, a truck, a horse, or a man. 365 00:34:32,792 --> 00:34:34,924 It makes any movement impossible. 366 00:34:35,017 --> 00:34:39,541 We do 5 to 8 km a day, instead of 30. 367 00:34:40,811 --> 00:34:44,819 Putting one foot in front of the other require superhuman effort. 368 00:34:44,955 --> 00:34:49,411 The panzer, the pride of the Wehrmacht, are brought to a stand still. 369 00:35:01,447 --> 00:35:03,330 Hitler writes to his troops: 370 00:35:03,478 --> 00:35:05,512 Soldiers in the eastern front, 371 00:35:05,611 --> 00:35:10,311 Comrades, today begins the last, great decisive battle. 372 00:35:18,456 --> 00:35:22,576 And all at once, the German army starts moving again towards Moscow 373 00:35:22,670 --> 00:35:26,204 because the frost has come and harden the ground. 374 00:35:26,307 --> 00:35:31,649 The world is holding its breath. Will Hitler defeat Stalin? 375 00:35:35,077 --> 00:35:37,965 This is when the rightwing extremists in the occupied countries 376 00:35:38,186 --> 00:35:41,092 start signing up to serve in the German Army. 377 00:35:41,689 --> 00:35:44,339 Belgians, Danes, Dutchmen, 378 00:35:44,587 --> 00:35:48,239 and the young men in the LVF (Legion French Volunteers), 379 00:35:48,717 --> 00:35:54,063 decide to don the German uniform and fight on the Eastern Front. 380 00:36:03,412 --> 00:36:05,131 They will suffer. 381 00:36:05,244 --> 00:36:09,882 An early cold front sweeps through begin in November 1941. 382 00:36:09,987 --> 00:36:14,882 Temperatures will plummet to almost -40 degrees Celsius. 383 00:36:15,764 --> 00:36:20,119 The Wehrmacht was designed to conduct a blitzkrieg, a lightning war. 384 00:36:20,360 --> 00:36:24,173 It was supposed to bring Russia to its knees in 4 months. 385 00:36:25,097 --> 00:36:27,543 It is not equipped for winter. 386 00:36:27,739 --> 00:36:29,647 Guderian writes in his memoirs: 387 00:36:30,406 --> 00:36:34,613 It was a sight to see those half starved, insufficiently clothed men 388 00:36:34,705 --> 00:36:37,476 fight over a poor shelter. 389 00:36:38,717 --> 00:36:41,731 They fight to control even the tiniest village. 390 00:36:50,379 --> 00:36:54,721 Losing a village, losing even a single izba means death. 391 00:36:56,080 --> 00:36:59,314 The men die of cold, or of dysentery. 392 00:36:59,558 --> 00:37:03,894 Diarrhea makes them run off 30 times a day. 393 00:37:04,001 --> 00:37:06,789 Doctor Haape, the Wehrmacht physician warns them: 394 00:37:06,876 --> 00:37:11,763 You have to choose: if you pull down your trousers, you'll freeze to death. 395 00:37:11,858 --> 00:37:17,055 You must take a pat the seam in the back, so you won't have to pull them down. 396 00:37:18,943 --> 00:37:22,340 In sharp contrasts, the men in Afrikakorp, in the desert 397 00:37:22,437 --> 00:37:26,547 are able to fry egg on the top of the sizzling surfaces of their tanks, 398 00:37:26,653 --> 00:37:30,080 while listening to the war song, "Lili Marlene". 399 00:37:45,393 --> 00:37:49,696 The war in the desert has also getting bogged down, in the sand. 400 00:37:50,291 --> 00:37:52,575 Petrol and food supply are lacking. 401 00:37:52,979 --> 00:37:55,591 Rommel has to order a halt. 402 00:37:55,832 --> 00:37:58,315 However, he is planning a new offensive 403 00:37:58,403 --> 00:38:02,427 And new sacrifices for his men in the Afrikakorp. 404 00:38:05,487 --> 00:38:07,453 Meanwhile, on the road to Moscow, 405 00:38:07,553 --> 00:38:11,596 The Germans are no longer able to wash or change their clothes. 406 00:38:12,615 --> 00:38:16,661 Like their enemies, they are driven crazy by lice, and parasites 407 00:38:16,774 --> 00:38:19,231 that bring scabies and typhus. 408 00:38:19,849 --> 00:38:24,538 Napoleon's Grand Army lost over 100,000 men to typhus. 409 00:38:25,524 --> 00:38:28,504 In spite of it all, the Wehrmacht pushes on. 410 00:38:35,039 --> 00:38:38,308 The German vanguard reaches the outskirts of Moscow, 411 00:38:38,432 --> 00:38:42,976 and even in the end of a bus line that goes straight to Red Square. 412 00:38:46,662 --> 00:38:50,045 While the Soviet army holds back the advancing German troops, 413 00:38:50,146 --> 00:38:56,003 Stalin orders the parade commemorating the anniversary of the revolution to be held as usual. 414 00:39:01,816 --> 00:39:04,675 To galvanize his troops, Stalin makes a speech 415 00:39:04,774 --> 00:39:10,750 that invokes forbidden images from the past, the great soldiers from the time of the Tsars. 416 00:39:14,397 --> 00:39:17,090 Be worthy of your glorious ancestors, 417 00:39:17,190 --> 00:39:22,268 Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Pozharsky, 418 00:39:22,369 --> 00:39:26,868 Alexander Suvorov, and Mikhail Kutuzov. 419 00:39:29,263 --> 00:39:34,333 Stalin has organized Moscow's defense in conjunction with one of his most brilliant generals. 420 00:39:34,468 --> 00:39:38,315 A tank specialist considered to be the Russian equivalent of Guderian, 421 00:39:38,413 --> 00:39:41,640 45 years old, General Zhukov. 422 00:39:43,068 --> 00:39:45,137 Luck is on Zhukov's side. 423 00:39:45,231 --> 00:39:50,426 Sorge, the Soviet spy, has discovered that Japan, though it is Hitler's ally 424 00:39:50,557 --> 00:39:55,873 has not decided to attack Russia, because its primary enemy is The United States. 425 00:39:56,680 --> 00:40:01,065 This enable Zhukov to reduce the number of troops in the Far East. 426 00:40:01,144 --> 00:40:05,592 He brings over several of the Siberian Divisions, they are well equipped. 427 00:40:07,051 --> 00:40:09,309 Siberians are not afraid of the cold. 428 00:40:09,395 --> 00:40:13,229 They are rugged, outdoors men, who used into using their whips. 429 00:40:13,543 --> 00:40:16,544 They've brought their ski, and their reindeer with them, 430 00:40:17,142 --> 00:40:20,808 And now they are going hunting, for Germans. 431 00:40:21,226 --> 00:40:24,981 Zhukov wants to trap the Wehrmacht on a pinsel movement. 432 00:41:36,708 --> 00:41:40,713 Some 30,000 Germans are killed or missing. 433 00:41:46,557 --> 00:41:48,800 Thousands are sent off to Siberia. 434 00:41:50,353 --> 00:41:53,274 Their struggle with the cold are far from over. 435 00:41:53,405 --> 00:41:58,464 Less than 1 in 3 will return home, almost 15 years later. 436 00:42:04,069 --> 00:42:08,657 August von Kageneck is severely wounded and evacuated back to Germany. 437 00:42:09,059 --> 00:42:10,020 He writes: 438 00:42:10,577 --> 00:42:14,110 Faith disappears, doubt become obsessive, 439 00:42:14,388 --> 00:42:17,697 Death becomes your best friend, men's only friend, 440 00:42:18,017 --> 00:42:21,244 because it will deliver you, from your suffering. 441 00:42:22,606 --> 00:42:25,505 The suffering of the Russian is not over either. 442 00:42:25,602 --> 00:42:27,478 Their country has been ravage, 443 00:42:27,577 --> 00:42:32,027 Moscow has been saved, but millions of people have been killed, or taken prisoner, 444 00:42:32,313 --> 00:42:35,209 and the danger is still there. 445 00:42:56,281 --> 00:42:59,910 The Wehrmacht has been pushed back 200km. 446 00:43:00,952 --> 00:43:04,951 Hitler orders his army to defend that new line at all costs. 447 00:43:05,334 --> 00:43:09,299 He dismisses 35 generals, including Guderian, 448 00:43:09,407 --> 00:43:12,720 and takes personal charge of the Wehrmacht. 449 00:43:20,052 --> 00:43:23,223 He was succeeded in re-establishing his army's position, 450 00:43:23,334 --> 00:43:26,647 Re-equipping his troops, and plotting his revenge. 451 00:43:26,728 --> 00:43:30,415 The Wehrmacht remains firmly planted in Russia. 452 00:43:34,174 --> 00:43:38,444 Hitler returns to his dogs back in his chalet in Bavaria. 453 00:43:39,992 --> 00:43:42,298 It is opinion the defeat 454 00:43:42,427 --> 00:43:45,382 before Moscow was the fort of his generals and his diplomats. 455 00:43:45,698 --> 00:43:49,967 Weren't they the one's who would claim the France and the Britain wouldn't go to war for Poland? 456 00:43:50,719 --> 00:43:53,713 and of the Abwehr, the German Intelligence Service, 457 00:43:53,812 --> 00:43:57,175 that misinformed them about the state of the Russian army. 458 00:43:57,801 --> 00:43:58,701 Hitler adds: 459 00:43:59,169 --> 00:44:03,471 The Bolshevik army is made up from peasants who fight with barbarian and consciousness, 460 00:44:03,589 --> 00:44:08,058 and workers, trained by fanatical mysticism of communism. 461 00:44:10,875 --> 00:44:13,481 But Hitler believes in his 'lucky star', 462 00:44:13,860 --> 00:44:16,158 he will prevail. 463 00:44:19,828 --> 00:44:23,570 He can enjoy himself in the company of his 'sacred' fans 464 00:44:24,530 --> 00:44:28,340 Here, Bormann' mistress introduces him to a German movie star, 465 00:44:28,475 --> 00:44:31,277 the actress, Magda Schneider. 466 00:44:41,868 --> 00:44:47,214 Not far away, her daughter, Romy Schneider, plays with Bormann's children. 467 00:44:48,763 --> 00:44:51,453 Life in Germany is still carefree. 468 00:44:51,554 --> 00:44:53,993 The massive bombing has not yet begun 469 00:44:54,104 --> 00:44:58,410 and those who sacrifice their life in Moscow are so far away 470 00:44:58,779 --> 00:45:00,994 deep in the snow. 471 00:45:03,171 --> 00:45:05,953 Two days after Hitler's major defeat, 472 00:45:06,053 --> 00:45:09,096 his ally, Japan, launches a surprise attack 473 00:45:09,197 --> 00:45:14,248 on the United States big naval base in the Pacific, Pearl Harbor. 474 00:45:15,628 --> 00:45:17,962 And with this wave of Japanese planes, 475 00:45:18,060 --> 00:45:22,350 the war becomes a 'world war'. 476 00:45:27,424 --> 00:45:32,117 In London, Rose dances. She's already dreaming of Christmas. 477 00:45:33,276 --> 00:45:35,135 She hears her parents say, 478 00:45:35,291 --> 00:45:38,143 Now the Americans will fight on our side, 479 00:45:38,231 --> 00:45:40,241 The Russians on our side. 480 00:45:40,348 --> 00:45:43,180 We, British, are no longer alone in this. anymore. 481 00:45:46,571 --> 00:47:49,724 Need help on some blanks (*****). 482 00:47:50,724 --> 00:48:00,724 Downloaded From www.AllSubs.org 44651

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