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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:07,800 --> 00:00:08,800 The BKA, 2 00:00:08,840 --> 00:00:10,880 the German Federal Police in Wiesbaden. 3 00:00:11,440 --> 00:00:14,120 For six years the agency is run by a man 4 00:00:14,160 --> 00:00:15,760 integral to its inception, 5 00:00:15,800 --> 00:00:17,160 Paul Dickopf. 6 00:00:19,200 --> 00:00:22,320 A top civil servant, with a seemingly clean record, 7 00:00:22,320 --> 00:00:24,280 he claims he opposed the Nazis. 8 00:00:27,760 --> 00:00:29,200 Until 1971, 9 00:00:29,240 --> 00:00:31,360 Willy Brandt is Chancellor. 10 00:00:31,600 --> 00:00:33,480 He is the top criminologist 11 00:00:33,480 --> 00:00:34,920 in West Germany. 12 00:00:43,080 --> 00:00:44,520 Anyone who criticized him, 13 00:00:44,560 --> 00:00:46,840 or posed any kind of threat to him, 14 00:00:46,840 --> 00:00:48,560 was never allowed to forget it. 15 00:00:48,760 --> 00:00:51,320 He held a grudge and destroyed such people. 16 00:00:55,680 --> 00:00:56,960 Dickopf doesn't only 17 00:00:56,960 --> 00:00:59,480 forge a career for himself in West Germany. 18 00:00:59,880 --> 00:01:03,160 In 1968 he becomes head of Interpol. 19 00:01:04,280 --> 00:01:05,320 It's now his job 20 00:01:05,360 --> 00:01:07,560 to fight crime on an international scale. 21 00:01:09,600 --> 00:01:10,960 When Dickopf left, 22 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:13,600 Genscher, his Interior Minister of the time 23 00:01:13,640 --> 00:01:15,120 held him out as an example 24 00:01:15,160 --> 00:01:17,160 to police all over Germany. 25 00:01:20,920 --> 00:01:23,280 After Dickopf's death, in 1973, 26 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:24,880 staff researching files 27 00:01:24,920 --> 00:01:26,280 to compile the obituary... 28 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:28,440 make an astonishing find. 29 00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:32,440 They turn up documents 30 00:01:32,440 --> 00:01:35,080 outing Dickopf as a staunch Nazi. 31 00:01:36,040 --> 00:01:37,720 His lifelong lie 32 00:01:37,760 --> 00:01:39,720 finally comes to light. 33 00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:44,200 Dickopf was not only a member of the SS 34 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:45,800 and a Nazi spy. 35 00:01:46,360 --> 00:01:48,360 Shortly before the end of the war, 36 00:01:48,360 --> 00:01:50,960 he switched sides to start working as an agent 37 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:52,360 for the Americans. 38 00:01:54,320 --> 00:01:55,800 Numerous CIA documents 39 00:01:55,840 --> 00:01:58,600 given insight into the work of Caravel, 40 00:01:58,640 --> 00:02:00,720 which was Dickopf's CIA code name. 41 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:05,320 The highest ranking member 42 00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:06,680 of the German police, 43 00:02:06,680 --> 00:02:08,600 sold confidential information 44 00:02:08,600 --> 00:02:10,120 from the government. 45 00:02:13,720 --> 00:02:14,920 Chancellor, Willy Brandt, 46 00:02:16,440 --> 00:02:18,840 was of particular interest to the Americans. 47 00:02:19,320 --> 00:02:22,120 And Dickopf readily provided the information... 48 00:02:25,240 --> 00:02:27,800 as did many other Nazis, during the Cold War. 49 00:02:28,400 --> 00:02:29,960 They became willing helpers, 50 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:33,080 spies, because American intelligence services 51 00:02:33,120 --> 00:02:35,360 used their pasts to blackmail them. 52 00:02:43,400 --> 00:02:45,160 The Americans were never very bothered 53 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:47,280 if the people they needed have closes ties 54 00:02:47,320 --> 00:02:49,280 to mass murderers, or extremists, 55 00:02:49,320 --> 00:02:50,520 or terrorists. 56 00:02:50,800 --> 00:02:52,880 The ends justified the means. 57 00:02:54,320 --> 00:02:55,960 American intelligence services 58 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:57,400 faced a new enemy... 59 00:02:57,400 --> 00:02:58,520 Communism. 60 00:02:58,560 --> 00:03:01,440 The US enlisted former Nazis as spies. 61 00:03:01,640 --> 00:03:03,040 There was no attempt to punish them 62 00:03:03,080 --> 00:03:04,400 for their war crimes. 63 00:03:04,680 --> 00:03:07,720 As the Cold War grew hot... 64 00:03:07,960 --> 00:03:10,240 these Nazi collaborators... 65 00:03:10,520 --> 00:03:12,320 became pawns... 66 00:03:12,560 --> 00:03:14,880 of Western intelligence services, 67 00:03:14,880 --> 00:03:17,600 for a variety of both psychological 68 00:03:17,600 --> 00:03:19,160 warfare type missions... 69 00:03:19,200 --> 00:03:20,800 covert operations, 70 00:03:20,800 --> 00:03:22,600 and this type of thing. 71 00:03:41,320 --> 00:03:43,160 Only now, are Secret Service files 72 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:44,920 from the Cold War, accessible. 73 00:03:45,280 --> 00:03:48,000 And they contain documents about Nazis, 74 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:50,600 who became CIA spies. 75 00:03:51,520 --> 00:03:53,520 Another case, that has recently surfaced, 76 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:55,160 is that of Eugen Steinle, 77 00:03:55,200 --> 00:03:56,280 a die-hard Nazi 78 00:03:56,320 --> 00:03:58,680 who led firing squads in the Soviet Union. 79 00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:04,840 Steinle was thought to be among those killed, 80 00:04:04,840 --> 00:04:07,280 when a Lufthansa plane crashed, near Nuremberg, 81 00:04:07,280 --> 00:04:09,760 on the 20th of April, 1945. 82 00:04:13,240 --> 00:04:16,000 Eyewitnesses saw the burning plane in the sky. 83 00:04:16,320 --> 00:04:18,120 And the crash sight is still visible 84 00:04:18,120 --> 00:04:20,160 in the Piesenkofen forest today. 85 00:04:24,840 --> 00:04:26,440 At the time, locals collected up everything 86 00:04:26,480 --> 00:04:28,480 that they found around the wreckage. 87 00:04:36,080 --> 00:04:37,880 One item recovered was a briefcase 88 00:04:37,880 --> 00:04:39,960 containing documents and IDs. 89 00:04:40,520 --> 00:04:42,960 Among them, was one belonging to Steinle. 90 00:04:43,400 --> 00:04:44,480 The briefcase was taken 91 00:04:44,520 --> 00:04:46,560 to the local Nazi commander's office. 92 00:04:47,840 --> 00:04:48,920 A few days later... 93 00:04:48,920 --> 00:04:51,000 US troops marched into the area. 94 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:52,200 And the briefcase was ceased 95 00:04:52,240 --> 00:04:54,480 by members of the army's secret service. 96 00:04:55,360 --> 00:04:56,880 The Americans were looking for Nazis 97 00:04:56,920 --> 00:04:58,880 they could use for their own purposes. 98 00:04:58,920 --> 00:05:00,360 And every personal detail 99 00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:01,880 would help them in their search. 100 00:05:04,080 --> 00:05:06,480 They suspected Steinle, was still alive. 101 00:05:07,440 --> 00:05:08,520 CIA documents, 102 00:05:08,520 --> 00:05:10,320 listing the contents of the briefcase, 103 00:05:10,560 --> 00:05:12,160 make it possible to reconstruct 104 00:05:12,160 --> 00:05:13,600 what really happened. 105 00:05:14,840 --> 00:05:16,920 The Lufthansa plane takes off from Tempelhof 106 00:05:16,960 --> 00:05:19,080 on April the twentieth, 1945 107 00:05:19,320 --> 00:05:21,400 while the battle for Berlin is raging. 108 00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:24,400 Those on board know it's only a matter of time 109 00:05:24,400 --> 00:05:27,360 before the Russians and the Western allies, take power. 110 00:05:32,240 --> 00:05:34,960 There are more than twenty passengers on the condor... 111 00:05:35,200 --> 00:05:38,400 among them, a number of men in leather overcoats. 112 00:05:44,080 --> 00:05:47,000 The captain takes off under the cover of darkness. 113 00:05:47,520 --> 00:05:49,240 The planned destination is Spain... 114 00:05:49,480 --> 00:05:50,960 with a fuel stop in Munich. 115 00:05:51,440 --> 00:05:52,840 But the weather is bad. 116 00:05:59,280 --> 00:06:00,920 I can still remember my father 117 00:06:00,920 --> 00:06:02,520 telling us over breakfast... 118 00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:04,880 about a low-flying plane... 119 00:06:05,200 --> 00:06:07,160 making such a racket. 120 00:06:12,800 --> 00:06:14,560 A friend lives very near to here 121 00:06:14,960 --> 00:06:16,480 and that evening, a burning plane 122 00:06:16,480 --> 00:06:17,880 flew over her roof. 123 00:06:18,440 --> 00:06:20,440 Panic-stricken, her mother grabbed hold 124 00:06:20,480 --> 00:06:21,920 of both the children 125 00:06:21,920 --> 00:06:24,320 and threw them and herself to the ground. 126 00:06:24,920 --> 00:06:26,280 She said that since the father 127 00:06:26,280 --> 00:06:27,600 had died in the war 128 00:06:27,600 --> 00:06:29,640 the three of them should die together. 129 00:06:32,320 --> 00:06:35,200 The plane crashes in a forest with no survivors. 130 00:06:36,040 --> 00:06:37,360 Were there high-ranking Nazis 131 00:06:37,400 --> 00:06:39,600 on-board the condor, trying to get to Spain? 132 00:06:40,760 --> 00:06:42,160 American intelligence flies 133 00:06:42,200 --> 00:06:44,680 the briefcase and the documents to the US. 134 00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:55,800 The agents in Washington know the end of the war 135 00:06:55,800 --> 00:06:57,160 will herald a new chapter 136 00:06:57,160 --> 00:06:59,560 in the confrontation of the superpowers. 137 00:07:00,520 --> 00:07:02,600 And, in order to secure an advantage... 138 00:07:02,840 --> 00:07:05,320 they will recruit former, top Nazis. 139 00:07:13,360 --> 00:07:14,800 They strike it lucky. 140 00:07:14,960 --> 00:07:16,080 One man in the files 141 00:07:16,080 --> 00:07:18,040 is of particular interest to the Americans... 142 00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:20,800 Eugen Steinle. 143 00:07:21,440 --> 00:07:22,640 Their research tells them... 144 00:07:22,880 --> 00:07:25,400 he was responsible for mass murders in Russia. 145 00:07:29,680 --> 00:07:32,960 The agents suspect he is still alive. 146 00:07:34,440 --> 00:07:35,760 As a number of witnesses 147 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:38,320 report having seen him, after the crash. 148 00:07:49,360 --> 00:07:52,840 Locals near the crash sight are questioned again. 149 00:07:53,840 --> 00:07:55,080 As a war criminal, 150 00:07:55,120 --> 00:07:57,760 Steinle is valuable to the Americans. 151 00:08:03,320 --> 00:08:04,680 It was impossible... 152 00:08:05,040 --> 00:08:06,600 to systematically... 153 00:08:06,960 --> 00:08:08,320 uh, recruit 154 00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:10,080 intelligence agents... 155 00:08:10,520 --> 00:08:11,560 without... 156 00:08:11,600 --> 00:08:15,040 systematically recruiting war criminals. 157 00:08:15,280 --> 00:08:16,760 Those things went together. 158 00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:21,520 They launch a manhunt 159 00:08:21,520 --> 00:08:23,720 across Germany, for Eugen Steinle... 160 00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:26,400 who fled to his home, in the Black Forest. 161 00:08:35,400 --> 00:08:36,640 The net closes 162 00:08:37,080 --> 00:08:39,000 and in autumn, 1945 163 00:08:39,160 --> 00:08:41,240 the former SS intelligence officer, 164 00:08:41,280 --> 00:08:43,440 turns himself in for interrogation. 165 00:08:43,880 --> 00:08:46,480 He knows his only chance is to tell the truth. 166 00:08:54,440 --> 00:08:56,640 A defector, who has something to hide 167 00:08:56,840 --> 00:08:58,080 murders, for example 168 00:08:58,400 --> 00:08:59,600 can be blackmailed. 169 00:08:59,920 --> 00:09:01,080 And is therefore valuable 170 00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:03,040 in the hands of his new bosses. 171 00:09:05,520 --> 00:09:07,120 Steinle, collaborates. 172 00:09:07,600 --> 00:09:10,280 His testimony on the documents from the briefcase 173 00:09:10,280 --> 00:09:11,800 help the Americans to uncover 174 00:09:11,840 --> 00:09:14,880 an entire network of German spies in Spain. 175 00:09:15,960 --> 00:09:18,600 It consists of dozens of ex-Nazis, 176 00:09:18,600 --> 00:09:20,920 who followed the collapse of the Third Reich, 177 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:21,960 are already working 178 00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:23,920 on their next crazy idea, 179 00:09:23,960 --> 00:09:25,360 the Fourth Reich, 180 00:09:25,360 --> 00:09:28,080 which translates to worldwide fascism. 181 00:09:30,200 --> 00:09:32,000 The Americans observe them... 182 00:09:32,280 --> 00:09:33,800 and recruit the Spanish players 183 00:09:33,840 --> 00:09:35,440 to work on their behalf. 184 00:09:42,200 --> 00:09:43,840 Following his interrogation, 185 00:09:43,880 --> 00:09:46,520 Steinle is sentenced to death by hanging. 186 00:09:46,760 --> 00:09:49,560 But is then, surprisingly pardoned. 187 00:09:49,760 --> 00:09:53,440 Did the Americans enlist him and influence the verdict? 188 00:09:54,160 --> 00:09:56,880 There is no proof as important files are missing 189 00:09:56,880 --> 00:09:59,960 from the US interrogation center, in Oberursel. 190 00:10:05,120 --> 00:10:07,520 Nazis like Dickopf and Steinle 191 00:10:07,520 --> 00:10:08,840 had become agents. 192 00:10:08,840 --> 00:10:10,800 But the US intelligence services 193 00:10:10,800 --> 00:10:14,840 want more than just spies, they want Nazi traitors. 194 00:10:21,640 --> 00:10:23,440 Right up until the war was over 195 00:10:23,600 --> 00:10:27,160 the allies believed the Nazis had an Alpine redoubt. 196 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:30,560 Even now the myth of missing Nazi gold, 197 00:10:30,560 --> 00:10:33,080 still lures treasure hunters to the area. 198 00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:36,040 But do these treasures really exist? 199 00:10:48,560 --> 00:10:51,600 Towards the end of the war German industry made plans 200 00:10:51,640 --> 00:10:54,360 to secure its capital in the event of defeat. 201 00:11:04,320 --> 00:11:05,880 This was very dangerous, 202 00:11:05,920 --> 00:11:07,960 to have such discussions. 203 00:11:08,160 --> 00:11:09,440 But nevertheless, 204 00:11:09,440 --> 00:11:10,560 the alternative 205 00:11:10,560 --> 00:11:11,840 of losing everything 206 00:11:11,840 --> 00:11:13,920 when Hitler was finally dead 207 00:11:13,920 --> 00:11:17,720 however that exactly happened, was even more dangerous. 208 00:11:17,880 --> 00:11:19,240 So they went ahead with this. 209 00:11:19,560 --> 00:11:21,040 And they started to... 210 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:22,520 draw up... 211 00:11:22,960 --> 00:11:24,160 plans... 212 00:11:24,360 --> 00:11:26,160 some of which still exist... 213 00:11:26,480 --> 00:11:28,840 on how they would attempt to... 214 00:11:29,040 --> 00:11:30,600 reconstitute... 215 00:11:30,720 --> 00:11:33,560 Germany after Hitler left. 216 00:11:36,080 --> 00:11:37,920 These activities were no secret 217 00:11:37,920 --> 00:11:39,880 to the allied intelligence services. 218 00:11:40,640 --> 00:11:42,200 They launched a large scale 219 00:11:42,240 --> 00:11:44,120 international surveillance operation 220 00:11:44,480 --> 00:11:46,480 code named 'Safe Haven'. 221 00:11:50,880 --> 00:11:53,480 Safe Haven was the... 222 00:11:53,640 --> 00:11:56,040 name of a US Government program 223 00:11:56,040 --> 00:11:57,240 whose task it was 224 00:11:57,280 --> 00:11:59,160 to track and seize 225 00:11:59,400 --> 00:12:03,520 assets that the Nazis had seized, had looted, from Europe. 226 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:05,320 They were attempting to distribute 227 00:12:05,360 --> 00:12:06,960 around the world, in order to... 228 00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:09,520 uh, for use after 1945. 229 00:12:11,320 --> 00:12:12,880 The Americans knew such plans 230 00:12:12,920 --> 00:12:14,440 had been hatched by industry... 231 00:12:14,720 --> 00:12:16,840 and even in the Reich chancery. 232 00:12:17,520 --> 00:12:18,560 They were also aware 233 00:12:18,600 --> 00:12:20,280 of a network of foreign companies 234 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:22,200 set up to keep funds safe. 235 00:12:24,360 --> 00:12:25,760 In Monaco in particular, 236 00:12:25,800 --> 00:12:27,240 numerous shell corporations 237 00:12:27,280 --> 00:12:28,880 had access to millions. 238 00:12:33,640 --> 00:12:35,400 One company was a broadcaster... 239 00:12:35,640 --> 00:12:37,560 on whose board, sat the then unknown... 240 00:12:37,800 --> 00:12:39,520 Kurt Georg Kiesinger. 241 00:12:44,200 --> 00:12:47,000 He would eventually become chancellor of West Germany. 242 00:12:48,960 --> 00:12:49,960 The fact that he worked 243 00:12:49,960 --> 00:12:51,680 for the Foreign and Propaganda Ministries, 244 00:12:51,720 --> 00:12:53,000 during the Third Reich, 245 00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:55,280 didn't adversely affect his career. 246 00:12:58,680 --> 00:13:01,000 Allied agents submitted detailed reports 247 00:13:01,040 --> 00:13:02,600 about financial transfers. 248 00:13:03,040 --> 00:13:04,960 Sometimes, they were even able 249 00:13:04,960 --> 00:13:07,000 to smuggle people into meetings. 250 00:13:08,760 --> 00:13:10,120 This espionage operation 251 00:13:10,160 --> 00:13:11,600 was led by Allan Dallas, 252 00:13:11,640 --> 00:13:13,640 then a US agent in Switzerland, 253 00:13:13,680 --> 00:13:15,920 who later rose to be head of the CIA. 254 00:13:18,480 --> 00:13:20,080 He knew how to use his knowledge 255 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:21,680 of the Nazi's financial doings 256 00:13:21,680 --> 00:13:23,880 to benefit his career, in Washington. 257 00:13:31,840 --> 00:13:34,240 When a bomb attack destroys the Berlin Reichsbank, 258 00:13:34,280 --> 00:13:35,880 in March 1945... 259 00:13:36,120 --> 00:13:37,720 gold and currency reserves 260 00:13:37,720 --> 00:13:39,360 are no longer secure. 261 00:13:46,960 --> 00:13:49,280 It's time to put the plan into action... 262 00:13:49,760 --> 00:13:51,280 quickly and thoroughly. 263 00:13:51,560 --> 00:13:54,520 Everything is meticulously noted and checked 264 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:56,720 as 360 tons of gold 265 00:13:56,960 --> 00:13:58,720 and 300 tons of silver 266 00:13:58,720 --> 00:13:59,880 and banknotes 267 00:13:59,920 --> 00:14:01,800 are loaded up and taken away. 268 00:14:03,360 --> 00:14:05,560 Documents relating to the Reichsbank's gold 269 00:14:05,600 --> 00:14:08,080 remain undiscovered in the German Central Bank 270 00:14:08,120 --> 00:14:09,960 for more than sixty years 271 00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:12,640 when Karl Bernd Esser finally finds them. 272 00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:20,240 All the gold that was in the Reichsbank 273 00:14:20,240 --> 00:14:21,560 was moved to Merkers 274 00:14:21,560 --> 00:14:24,080 or to certain depots in Bavaria. 275 00:14:27,080 --> 00:14:29,400 Now the Americans see their chance. 276 00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:31,440 Thanks to Operation Safe Haven 277 00:14:31,600 --> 00:14:33,960 they know exactly where the gold is stored. 278 00:14:35,440 --> 00:14:37,600 They arrive in the Soviet occupation zone 279 00:14:37,840 --> 00:14:39,000 at the Merker's salt line 280 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:40,680 in the eastern state of Thuringia 281 00:14:40,920 --> 00:14:42,800 before the Soviets themselves. 282 00:14:43,840 --> 00:14:45,440 They declare the Reichsbank gold, 283 00:14:45,440 --> 00:14:46,760 to be Nazi loot... 284 00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:48,200 and take it with them. 285 00:14:49,360 --> 00:14:51,760 They also seize other treasures they find there. 286 00:14:52,200 --> 00:14:53,960 Including Italian gold reserves... 287 00:14:54,320 --> 00:14:55,720 and gold from a national bank 288 00:14:55,720 --> 00:14:57,600 for Bohemia and Moravia. 289 00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:09,480 Were the hiding places in the Alps 290 00:15:09,680 --> 00:15:11,640 also cleared out long ago? 291 00:15:14,920 --> 00:15:16,800 You definitely won't find any gold 292 00:15:16,840 --> 00:15:18,040 in Bavaria today. 293 00:15:18,320 --> 00:15:19,960 There was a settlement document 294 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:22,480 stating how much gold the Reichsbank deposited 295 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:23,800 in the different depots. 296 00:15:24,200 --> 00:15:27,240 These depots were all found largely by the Americans. 297 00:15:27,480 --> 00:15:30,640 We even went across into the Soviet zone to Merkers 298 00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:32,920 and quickly emptied the main depot there. 299 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:42,480 Karl Bernd Esser says it was an act of theft 300 00:15:42,680 --> 00:15:45,520 because it essentially means the Germans twice repaid 301 00:15:45,560 --> 00:15:47,120 their Marshall Plan loan. 302 00:15:47,480 --> 00:15:50,920 Once with the Reichsbank's gold and once in deutsche marks. 303 00:15:58,480 --> 00:16:00,120 The Marshall Plan, was a successful 304 00:16:00,160 --> 00:16:01,360 American invention 305 00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:02,680 of how to trek friends 306 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:04,000 without them realizing it. 307 00:16:04,160 --> 00:16:06,280 If I take a thousand Euros from you 308 00:16:06,320 --> 00:16:07,560 and you don't notice 309 00:16:07,600 --> 00:16:10,040 and then I say, "I'll lend you a thousand Euros 310 00:16:10,080 --> 00:16:12,280 and you pay it back with a bit of interest." 311 00:16:12,320 --> 00:16:14,240 You'd think, "What a nice gesture." 312 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:16,840 But in reality, I took a thousand Euros 313 00:16:16,880 --> 00:16:19,400 from you already, you just didn't notice. 314 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:24,880 The US intelligence services 315 00:16:24,920 --> 00:16:26,520 don't only use their knowledge 316 00:16:26,560 --> 00:16:28,240 and their treasures in Germany, 317 00:16:28,520 --> 00:16:30,880 but also recruit Italian fascists 318 00:16:30,920 --> 00:16:32,320 during the Cold War. 319 00:16:32,720 --> 00:16:35,480 The idea is that they will fight communism 320 00:16:35,480 --> 00:16:37,080 on America's behalf. 321 00:16:42,880 --> 00:16:44,680 Starting the 1960s... 322 00:16:44,880 --> 00:16:48,680 a series of attacks in Italy claim hundreds of lives. 323 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:52,320 The violence is initially blamed on left-wingers... 324 00:16:52,760 --> 00:16:54,360 but it's now known to have been the work 325 00:16:54,400 --> 00:16:56,080 of right-wing radicals. 326 00:16:57,400 --> 00:17:00,920 Stefano Delle Chiaie is head of the new Reich party. 327 00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:04,560 He is repeatedly accused of terrorist activity... 328 00:17:04,920 --> 00:17:06,440 but is never convicted. 329 00:17:12,920 --> 00:17:15,200 Our political position was very simple 330 00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:16,560 and quite clear. 331 00:17:17,160 --> 00:17:19,680 It was based on historical experience, 332 00:17:19,720 --> 00:17:22,680 for which we had great respect and that was fascism. 333 00:17:23,000 --> 00:17:25,320 We tried to apply basic fascist values 334 00:17:25,360 --> 00:17:27,240 to the reality surrounding us. 335 00:17:30,800 --> 00:17:32,120 In 1970, 336 00:17:32,160 --> 00:17:34,040 the fascist revolutionaries and their backers 337 00:17:34,080 --> 00:17:35,720 want to stage a coup in Italy 338 00:17:35,760 --> 00:17:37,800 and stamp out the left-wing parties. 339 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:40,680 They discuss their plans with the CIA. 340 00:17:43,440 --> 00:17:44,800 We know the CIA 341 00:17:44,800 --> 00:17:46,800 was informed about these plans. 342 00:17:49,120 --> 00:17:50,520 On December the seventh, 343 00:17:50,560 --> 00:17:52,120 Delle Chiaie supporters, 344 00:17:52,120 --> 00:17:54,440 the far right, Avanguardia Nazionale 345 00:17:54,440 --> 00:17:56,080 and parts of the military 346 00:17:56,080 --> 00:17:57,680 set their plan in motion. 347 00:18:00,480 --> 00:18:03,120 Their first targets are the state broadcaster 348 00:18:03,400 --> 00:18:04,880 and government buildings. 349 00:18:06,640 --> 00:18:07,840 The revolutionaries around 350 00:18:07,880 --> 00:18:09,200 Stefano Delle Chiaie, 351 00:18:09,240 --> 00:18:11,520 believe they are pulling the strings. 352 00:18:12,560 --> 00:18:16,120 But the attempted coup is actually being driven from elsewhere. 353 00:18:17,520 --> 00:18:18,920 Although Delle Chiaie, 354 00:18:18,920 --> 00:18:21,560 still proudly claims responsibility. 355 00:18:26,600 --> 00:18:29,840 I was responsible for the coup, morally and politically. 356 00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:32,480 Even if I wasn't in Italy at the time... 357 00:18:33,720 --> 00:18:36,280 The Commandant had prepared a perfect plan 358 00:18:36,520 --> 00:18:38,840 which would have triggered a chain of commands, 359 00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:40,880 starting at the Ministry of Defense. 360 00:18:41,840 --> 00:18:43,720 Everything was prepared and ready. 361 00:18:44,520 --> 00:18:46,600 And, had the plan been activated 362 00:18:46,840 --> 00:18:49,160 military units would have been mobilized 363 00:18:49,160 --> 00:18:52,920 and would've taken control of every strategic sight in the country. 364 00:18:57,120 --> 00:19:00,000 The fight against the left-wing, has a long history in Italy. 365 00:19:00,240 --> 00:19:02,280 And the US intelligence services 366 00:19:02,320 --> 00:19:04,480 have been involved from the very beginning. 367 00:19:05,760 --> 00:19:08,400 Its influence begins with the invasion of Sicily, 368 00:19:08,440 --> 00:19:11,680 when allied soldiers fight and beat the access powers. 369 00:19:15,080 --> 00:19:17,560 But some Italian forces don't give up 370 00:19:17,600 --> 00:19:21,520 and continue to fight on the side of the Germans until 1945. 371 00:19:22,800 --> 00:19:24,840 One unit in particular is feared, 372 00:19:24,880 --> 00:19:26,760 the Decima Flottiglia MAS, 373 00:19:26,880 --> 00:19:29,160 the world's first frogman commander. 374 00:19:30,120 --> 00:19:33,920 The allies both fear and admire their daring operations. 375 00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:37,400 The leader of the unit is Valerio Borghese, 376 00:19:37,440 --> 00:19:38,760 the Black Prince. 377 00:19:41,880 --> 00:19:44,280 The Decima MAS, Prince Borghese 378 00:19:44,320 --> 00:19:45,880 was probably the best trained 379 00:19:45,920 --> 00:19:47,720 and most highly motivated unit 380 00:19:47,720 --> 00:19:49,720 in the entire fascist republic. 381 00:19:53,080 --> 00:19:54,640 It takes another two years 382 00:19:54,680 --> 00:19:57,120 before World War II is won in Italy. 383 00:19:59,560 --> 00:20:02,200 And when the Americans finally march into Rome... 384 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:04,600 they are welcomed as liberators. 385 00:20:07,600 --> 00:20:10,520 Even by the pope who shares the US fear 386 00:20:10,560 --> 00:20:12,400 of a shift to the left in Italy. 387 00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:24,600 Because the Communists are gaining popularity. 388 00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:34,360 The aim of the Americans... 389 00:20:34,560 --> 00:20:35,800 was to keep the Communists 390 00:20:35,840 --> 00:20:37,280 out of the government. 391 00:20:37,560 --> 00:20:39,640 To keep them away from power. 392 00:20:45,680 --> 00:20:48,080 CIA agent, James Jesus Angleton, 393 00:20:48,080 --> 00:20:49,880 starts preparing a coup in the event 394 00:20:49,920 --> 00:20:52,240 that the Communists win the Italian elections. 395 00:20:55,200 --> 00:20:56,720 Angleton had excellent 396 00:20:56,760 --> 00:20:58,040 connections in Italy. 397 00:20:58,240 --> 00:21:00,520 He spoke Italian, even with the Vatican 398 00:21:00,760 --> 00:21:02,520 which back then, perhaps even now, 399 00:21:02,560 --> 00:21:05,560 has the most efficient intelligence service in the world. 400 00:21:08,600 --> 00:21:11,080 Angleton and Borghese became good friends. 401 00:21:11,520 --> 00:21:13,680 Borghese came from the fascist movement 402 00:21:13,760 --> 00:21:15,800 and founded the Fronte Nazionale 403 00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:17,040 as a way of bundling 404 00:21:17,080 --> 00:21:18,800 the different right-wing movements. 405 00:21:19,800 --> 00:21:21,080 It was all of the means 406 00:21:21,080 --> 00:21:23,080 of preventing shift to the left... 407 00:21:23,320 --> 00:21:24,560 because the left parties, 408 00:21:24,600 --> 00:21:26,480 were gaining strength in Italy. 409 00:21:32,320 --> 00:21:35,080 The Communists are the archenemies of Borghese, 410 00:21:35,120 --> 00:21:37,560 who almost killed him at the end of the war. 411 00:21:38,800 --> 00:21:40,600 To act against the Communists 412 00:21:40,800 --> 00:21:43,280 the CIA enlists Borghese. 413 00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:50,400 Angleton, succeeded in convincing 414 00:21:50,440 --> 00:21:52,360 the rest of the US government... 415 00:21:52,760 --> 00:21:53,800 that... 416 00:21:53,840 --> 00:21:55,760 the elections of 1947, 417 00:21:55,800 --> 00:21:57,680 1948 in Italy 418 00:21:58,000 --> 00:21:59,880 would lead to a Communist 419 00:22:00,200 --> 00:22:01,680 government in Italy. 420 00:22:01,680 --> 00:22:03,640 And therefore... 421 00:22:03,640 --> 00:22:06,480 the Americans should sink millions of dollars 422 00:22:06,680 --> 00:22:09,200 into disrupting these elections 423 00:22:09,240 --> 00:22:10,760 and disrupting particularly 424 00:22:10,960 --> 00:22:13,400 the left-wing candidates in these elections. 425 00:22:14,600 --> 00:22:16,920 Operation Safe Haven pays off. 426 00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:19,640 The Americans used seized Nazi loot 427 00:22:19,680 --> 00:22:23,440 to finance Angleton's activities against Italy's Communists. 428 00:22:24,200 --> 00:22:26,680 The seized riches will never be returned 429 00:22:26,680 --> 00:22:28,840 to the victims or their relatives. 430 00:22:31,600 --> 00:22:32,800 The money was 431 00:22:32,880 --> 00:22:34,640 money frequently, 432 00:22:34,680 --> 00:22:37,040 that had been looted from Europe's Jews. 433 00:22:37,080 --> 00:22:38,080 Why? 434 00:22:38,120 --> 00:22:39,960 The exchange stabilization fund 435 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:43,240 was set up... early during World War II... 436 00:22:43,520 --> 00:22:47,400 to seize Nazi assets in international trade. 437 00:22:47,440 --> 00:22:49,160 It was part of the blockade... 438 00:22:49,440 --> 00:22:50,920 of Germany. 439 00:22:52,920 --> 00:22:55,320 Angleton sets up a partisan army. 440 00:22:56,120 --> 00:22:58,960 This rarely seen footage shows training. 441 00:23:00,160 --> 00:23:02,880 Many of the partisans are fascists 442 00:23:02,920 --> 00:23:04,400 from Borghese's front men. 443 00:23:05,320 --> 00:23:07,240 Gladio, as the unit was called, 444 00:23:07,240 --> 00:23:10,120 is under the exclusive command of the CIA. 445 00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:13,400 In the event that Italy 446 00:23:13,440 --> 00:23:16,480 democratically voted to become socialists, 447 00:23:16,520 --> 00:23:18,560 there would be stay-behind networks 448 00:23:18,600 --> 00:23:21,760 underground elements that were honored and paid 449 00:23:21,800 --> 00:23:24,920 and ideologically prepared to... 450 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:26,680 attempt to overturn 451 00:23:26,720 --> 00:23:28,960 that democratically elected government. 452 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:32,280 But Gladio, was called off 453 00:23:32,320 --> 00:23:34,320 because the Communists lost the first 454 00:23:34,360 --> 00:23:35,680 post-war elections. 455 00:23:37,920 --> 00:23:39,400 The mood is tense... 456 00:23:39,600 --> 00:23:41,200 as the Soviets are forced to accept 457 00:23:41,240 --> 00:23:44,480 that Italy now belongs to the US fear of control. 458 00:23:45,600 --> 00:23:47,720 And any hopes of a third way 459 00:23:47,760 --> 00:23:49,560 are dashed by Yalta. 460 00:23:51,160 --> 00:23:52,600 Yalta, meant the victors, 461 00:23:52,600 --> 00:23:55,320 or better said, Russia, Great Britain and the US 462 00:23:55,360 --> 00:23:56,520 signed a treaty in which 463 00:23:56,520 --> 00:23:57,560 they divided the world 464 00:23:57,560 --> 00:23:59,560 into future areas of influence 465 00:23:59,760 --> 00:24:01,800 and shared it out amongst themselves. 466 00:24:02,040 --> 00:24:04,680 Most specifically, they divided up Europe. 467 00:24:05,080 --> 00:24:06,800 The treaty remained unchanged 468 00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:08,640 until the collapse of the Soviet Union. 469 00:24:08,800 --> 00:24:11,640 Until the fall of the Berlin wall in the eighties. 470 00:24:16,200 --> 00:24:19,320 Yalta puts Italy under US influence. 471 00:24:19,960 --> 00:24:22,280 It's clear that in matters relating to their political 472 00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:23,640 and strategic interests... 473 00:24:23,880 --> 00:24:26,280 the Americans will do what they see fit. 474 00:24:27,240 --> 00:24:29,160 And that they will not create space 475 00:24:29,160 --> 00:24:31,360 between the blocks for a third power. 476 00:24:34,840 --> 00:24:36,320 In the post-Yalta world, 477 00:24:36,360 --> 00:24:38,240 in which the borders of the different blocks 478 00:24:38,280 --> 00:24:41,680 were carefully adhered to the respective hegemonic powers, 479 00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:43,560 crushed any uprising. 480 00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:49,000 That went for Hungary in 1956 and even more so for Berlin in 1953. 481 00:24:49,040 --> 00:24:51,040 And it went for every other revolt. 482 00:24:51,360 --> 00:24:53,640 And terrorism in Italy and Germany, 483 00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:55,760 really only served one purpose, 484 00:24:55,800 --> 00:24:58,600 it was to stabilize the political status quo. 485 00:25:00,080 --> 00:25:01,880 As to the 1978 murder 486 00:25:01,880 --> 00:25:04,040 of Italian Prime Minister, Aldo Moro... 487 00:25:04,960 --> 00:25:08,040 he was kidnapped and shot by the Red Brigades. 488 00:25:09,520 --> 00:25:11,840 But numerous agents and intelligence services 489 00:25:11,840 --> 00:25:13,600 were also involved in the killing. 490 00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:16,360 Many Italians believed Moro was murdered 491 00:25:16,360 --> 00:25:18,240 because he wanted a third way. 492 00:25:19,560 --> 00:25:23,440 Other powers were also involved in the 1970 attempted coup. 493 00:25:23,800 --> 00:25:27,040 Borghese and Delle Chiaie were just puppets. 494 00:25:36,880 --> 00:25:38,320 We know of a telephone call 495 00:25:38,360 --> 00:25:39,800 with Borghese that took place 496 00:25:39,800 --> 00:25:41,920 between one and two in the morning. 497 00:25:41,960 --> 00:25:43,880 And then the coup was stopped. 498 00:25:44,360 --> 00:25:46,560 We also know that this call was with 499 00:25:46,600 --> 00:25:48,280 a high ranking politician. 500 00:25:49,160 --> 00:25:51,680 In a written statement he made before his death, 501 00:25:51,720 --> 00:25:55,240 Borghese claimed that one of Andreotti's confidantes, 502 00:25:55,280 --> 00:26:00,360 had called him and that he was acting on the instructions of Andreotti 503 00:26:00,360 --> 00:26:02,640 who was the American's puppet at the time. 504 00:26:08,720 --> 00:26:10,560 The ones really pulling the strings 505 00:26:10,600 --> 00:26:12,360 are high ranking Italians. 506 00:26:12,800 --> 00:26:15,240 Right-wing politician, Giulio Andreotti... 507 00:26:15,480 --> 00:26:17,720 who was later Prime Minister, seven times. 508 00:26:18,240 --> 00:26:19,560 And Licio Gelli, 509 00:26:19,600 --> 00:26:23,560 head of the P2 Freemasons lodge and American agent. 510 00:26:29,960 --> 00:26:32,480 They started to spread all kinds of lies. 511 00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:34,680 We're talking now about Gelli, 512 00:26:34,720 --> 00:26:36,240 who blew off the coup. 513 00:26:36,640 --> 00:26:39,440 We're talking about Andreotti who backed him 514 00:26:39,480 --> 00:26:42,200 and who's still withholding important facts. 515 00:26:43,200 --> 00:26:44,680 For example, that his friend, 516 00:26:44,720 --> 00:26:46,280 the public prosecutor of the coup 517 00:26:46,280 --> 00:26:48,000 of the charter, Borghese, 518 00:26:48,040 --> 00:26:49,800 who was also Andreotti's puppet... 519 00:26:50,120 --> 00:26:53,440 requested 28 years in prison for me and my comrades. 520 00:26:54,000 --> 00:26:56,080 You have to be careful with friends like that. 521 00:27:01,200 --> 00:27:04,560 During the attempted coup the US Military flexed its muscles. 522 00:27:04,920 --> 00:27:07,480 Shortly beforehand, the sixth US fleet 523 00:27:07,480 --> 00:27:09,560 was allegedly put on a state of alert. 524 00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:13,840 Hoping to impress the CIA, Gelli and Andreotti 525 00:27:13,880 --> 00:27:15,800 presented themselves to the Americans, 526 00:27:15,840 --> 00:27:19,120 as influential figures capable of both mobilizing 527 00:27:19,160 --> 00:27:21,280 and calling off military coups. 528 00:27:26,680 --> 00:27:29,920 Fascists such as Borghese and Delle Chiaie, 529 00:27:29,960 --> 00:27:31,320 have to go underground. 530 00:27:31,560 --> 00:27:35,120 The US intelligence services choose South America 531 00:27:35,120 --> 00:27:36,960 as the most suitable place. 532 00:27:37,680 --> 00:27:39,640 There, in their search for power... 533 00:27:39,920 --> 00:27:43,000 the Fascists join forces with Dictators. 534 00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:49,840 Clearly we wanted to implement our ideology, 535 00:27:49,880 --> 00:27:51,240 and our conviction there. 536 00:27:51,600 --> 00:27:53,120 And our fight for fascism, 537 00:27:53,160 --> 00:27:56,720 fell on more fertile ground in Latin America than elsewhere. 538 00:27:57,400 --> 00:27:59,040 Many parties in Latin America, 539 00:27:59,080 --> 00:28:01,800 had fascist or national socialist roots. 540 00:28:05,840 --> 00:28:07,440 But Chile is different. 541 00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:10,120 In 1971, Socialist, Salvador Allende 542 00:28:10,160 --> 00:28:11,560 is elected to power. 543 00:28:12,560 --> 00:28:14,880 His Marxist politics, make him enemies... 544 00:28:15,240 --> 00:28:17,520 and many enthusiastic followers. 545 00:28:20,120 --> 00:28:22,280 This was perceived by the United States... 546 00:28:22,680 --> 00:28:24,200 as a tremendous threat. 547 00:28:24,440 --> 00:28:26,560 Because if peaceful revolution... 548 00:28:27,000 --> 00:28:28,720 uh, were to take hold... 549 00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:33,200 that would greatly weaken the United States ideological 550 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:35,640 hold on South America. 551 00:28:37,240 --> 00:28:39,560 Under the instruction of US Secretary of State, 552 00:28:39,600 --> 00:28:43,360 Henry Kissinger, the CIA becomes active in Chile. 553 00:28:43,880 --> 00:28:45,600 The staunch anti-communist 554 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:47,600 is not content to bank on Allende 555 00:28:47,600 --> 00:28:49,360 losing the next elections. 556 00:28:50,680 --> 00:28:53,680 In September, 1973, General Pinochet, 557 00:28:53,680 --> 00:28:57,520 supported by Italian fascists, stages a military coup. 558 00:28:57,960 --> 00:29:00,120 The Americans leave them to it. 559 00:29:01,240 --> 00:29:03,000 The two sides, like Pinochet, 560 00:29:03,040 --> 00:29:04,840 want to wipe out communism. 561 00:29:16,880 --> 00:29:18,920 We were in contact with Chilean comrades 562 00:29:18,920 --> 00:29:20,520 before the coup in Chile. 563 00:29:23,520 --> 00:29:27,480 In 1974, Commandant Borghese and I were in Santiago, 564 00:29:27,520 --> 00:29:29,520 where we met President Pinochet. 565 00:29:29,920 --> 00:29:32,080 We started working closely together. 566 00:29:33,320 --> 00:29:34,600 When we arrived in Chile 567 00:29:34,880 --> 00:29:37,000 we were greeted by President Pinochet. 568 00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:43,120 In 1975, 569 00:29:43,160 --> 00:29:44,840 the Fascists gather in Madrid 570 00:29:44,880 --> 00:29:46,440 to attend the funeral of a mutual 571 00:29:46,480 --> 00:29:47,880 and like-minded friend, 572 00:29:47,920 --> 00:29:50,200 Spanish dictator, Francisco Franco. 573 00:29:51,960 --> 00:29:54,600 It's here that the cooperation between Italian fascists 574 00:29:54,640 --> 00:29:58,000 and the Chilean intelligence service, DINA, is sealed. 575 00:29:58,920 --> 00:30:02,360 The ringleader is none other than Stefano Delle Chiaie. 576 00:30:03,280 --> 00:30:07,480 But again, his involvement in the ensuing crimes is never proven. 577 00:30:08,800 --> 00:30:10,960 The first meeting of collaborators... 578 00:30:11,240 --> 00:30:13,160 but it's not the last. 579 00:30:14,720 --> 00:30:17,000 Pinochet himself, meets with these... 580 00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:18,880 terrorists who have just pulled off 581 00:30:18,880 --> 00:30:20,160 this assassination. 582 00:30:20,440 --> 00:30:21,600 And um... 583 00:30:21,600 --> 00:30:23,600 Monroe Contreras says they're in 584 00:30:23,640 --> 00:30:26,560 everybody is... having a kind of... 585 00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:28,160 right-wing love fest. 586 00:30:28,640 --> 00:30:31,440 They then, Stefano Delle Chiaie are given 587 00:30:31,440 --> 00:30:33,560 permission, apparently at that meeting... 588 00:30:33,880 --> 00:30:36,440 that they can set up headquarters in Chile. 589 00:30:36,440 --> 00:30:39,800 So the Italians then began to collaborate with DINA. 590 00:30:40,760 --> 00:30:43,160 There follows a series of murders. 591 00:30:47,680 --> 00:30:50,120 Among the targets is Allende's former Foreign Minister, 592 00:30:50,160 --> 00:30:52,160 Orlando Letelier, in Washington. 593 00:30:53,120 --> 00:30:56,560 But terrorism on home turf is too much for the US 594 00:30:56,560 --> 00:30:58,040 which reigns Pinochet in. 595 00:31:03,000 --> 00:31:05,760 They talked about the weakness of the United States 596 00:31:05,800 --> 00:31:09,640 and its ability to defeat the communist menace. 597 00:31:10,240 --> 00:31:13,000 Uh... and the desire of the... 598 00:31:13,760 --> 00:31:15,680 military governance in Latin America 599 00:31:15,720 --> 00:31:17,080 take the leadership... 600 00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:19,280 uh, internationally... 601 00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:22,720 to defeat the communist movement worldwide. 602 00:31:23,000 --> 00:31:24,320 It's... 603 00:31:24,520 --> 00:31:26,400 uh, the scope of this... 604 00:31:26,880 --> 00:31:28,840 is mind-blowing. 605 00:31:29,160 --> 00:31:31,680 They actually refer to it as... 606 00:31:31,880 --> 00:31:33,200 World War III. 607 00:31:34,440 --> 00:31:37,600 Pinochet's Junta prepares for this war. 608 00:31:41,960 --> 00:31:44,920 It included the wish to own toxic gasses, 609 00:31:45,160 --> 00:31:47,480 the production of biological weapons... 610 00:31:47,880 --> 00:31:49,360 and prisoners in Chile, 611 00:31:49,560 --> 00:31:51,440 were killed during trials. 612 00:31:51,760 --> 00:31:54,120 And the production of toxic gasses, 613 00:31:54,400 --> 00:31:56,360 sarin and mustard gas. 614 00:32:02,400 --> 00:32:05,240 The research laboratory for inhuman experiments, 615 00:32:05,240 --> 00:32:07,760 is located at Colonia Dignidad. 616 00:32:08,640 --> 00:32:12,080 The hamlet goes from strange to sinister. 617 00:32:14,320 --> 00:32:17,280 Following the military coup in 1973, 618 00:32:17,480 --> 00:32:20,040 Colonia Dignidad became a torture camp... 619 00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:23,480 a training camp for the secret service, the DINA. 620 00:32:23,640 --> 00:32:27,320 Complete with torture school, an arms smuggling center, 621 00:32:27,520 --> 00:32:30,280 a center for alternative arms production... 622 00:32:30,720 --> 00:32:32,080 and a place for the DINA 623 00:32:32,080 --> 00:32:34,320 to communicate with the outside world. 624 00:32:39,360 --> 00:32:41,160 This part of Colonia Dignidad 625 00:32:41,160 --> 00:32:43,240 is sealed off with a death strip. 626 00:32:44,080 --> 00:32:47,040 The underground torture chambers are well hidden. 627 00:32:47,080 --> 00:32:48,680 So that from the outside, 628 00:32:48,680 --> 00:32:50,080 it looks like a farm. 629 00:32:50,680 --> 00:32:53,440 Anyone who wants to be fooled, could be. 630 00:32:57,720 --> 00:32:59,840 I was impressed by the compound. 631 00:33:03,040 --> 00:33:04,840 It impressed me because somehow 632 00:33:04,840 --> 00:33:06,080 I'm a dreamer. 633 00:33:07,240 --> 00:33:10,520 I'd always dreamed of setting up a center for my comrades. 634 00:33:12,680 --> 00:33:15,040 I wanted to give them the chance to relax 635 00:33:15,440 --> 00:33:17,480 and take a break from their fight. 636 00:33:19,920 --> 00:33:22,000 I'd been thinking about something like that. 637 00:33:27,160 --> 00:33:30,360 Far from being just a recuperation center for Nazis, 638 00:33:30,360 --> 00:33:32,760 Colonia Dignidad is also used to produce 639 00:33:32,760 --> 00:33:34,840 biological and chemical weapons. 640 00:33:35,760 --> 00:33:37,360 Chile's intelligence service, 641 00:33:37,400 --> 00:33:39,960 needs untraceable, deadly toxins. 642 00:33:42,600 --> 00:33:44,520 There is a shortlist of people 643 00:33:44,520 --> 00:33:46,120 that have been confirmed 644 00:33:46,120 --> 00:33:47,720 to have been murdered 645 00:33:47,760 --> 00:33:50,280 using... sarin gas. 646 00:33:51,400 --> 00:33:55,480 A German doctor is one of those experimenting at Colonia Dignidad. 647 00:33:58,880 --> 00:34:02,320 The doctor at Colonia Dignidad, Hartmut Hopp, 648 00:34:02,360 --> 00:34:04,920 who fled the Chilean courts to Krefeld 649 00:34:04,960 --> 00:34:07,200 at a devil's workshop containing some 650 00:34:07,240 --> 00:34:08,840 four hundred toxins. 651 00:34:10,480 --> 00:34:12,680 Among them were poisons to inhale... 652 00:34:13,200 --> 00:34:15,040 poisons deadly to the touch... 653 00:34:15,360 --> 00:34:18,120 poisons that kill when consumed with food. 654 00:34:18,920 --> 00:34:22,640 It was a wild arsenal and nobody knows exactly 655 00:34:22,640 --> 00:34:24,960 who fell prey to those substances. 656 00:34:31,160 --> 00:34:34,560 The Cold War Nazis don't only support Pinochet 657 00:34:34,560 --> 00:34:37,280 but other dictators in South America as well. 658 00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:40,400 The CIA gives them free reign. 659 00:34:52,680 --> 00:34:55,800 In 1980, the military stages a coup in Bolivia. 660 00:34:56,120 --> 00:34:57,880 Known as the 'Cocaine Coup' 661 00:34:57,920 --> 00:34:58,920 it brings the mafia 662 00:34:58,960 --> 00:35:01,160 under General Garcia Meza, to power. 663 00:35:05,160 --> 00:35:07,880 Pulling the strings in the background is a German... 664 00:35:08,960 --> 00:35:11,200 Nazi general, Klaus Barbie, 665 00:35:11,240 --> 00:35:14,120 a fascist companion, waxes lyrical. 666 00:35:15,320 --> 00:35:17,120 I met him when I was in Bolivia. 667 00:35:17,320 --> 00:35:18,680 He's a great character. 668 00:35:19,080 --> 00:35:23,000 Very intelligent, very capable, great integrity. 669 00:35:26,240 --> 00:35:28,480 Klaus Barbie, had won himself the name 670 00:35:28,520 --> 00:35:29,880 'The Butcher of Lyon' 671 00:35:29,880 --> 00:35:32,360 for his brutal treatment of members of the resistance 672 00:35:32,640 --> 00:35:35,680 opposing German occupation during World War II. 673 00:35:43,280 --> 00:35:44,320 After the war... 674 00:35:44,720 --> 00:35:45,720 Barbie was hired 675 00:35:45,760 --> 00:35:47,880 by the American intelligence services. 676 00:35:49,160 --> 00:35:50,440 There were different ways 677 00:35:50,440 --> 00:35:54,120 that senior SS and SD officers survived the war. 678 00:35:54,560 --> 00:35:56,800 But they do share a common pattern. 679 00:35:57,080 --> 00:35:59,120 And the pattern is something that I call 680 00:35:59,120 --> 00:36:00,680 'entrepreneurism' 681 00:36:00,720 --> 00:36:02,800 or 'intelligence entrepreneurism' 682 00:36:03,040 --> 00:36:04,440 in which they take 683 00:36:04,480 --> 00:36:06,920 whatever assets they can lay there hands on... 684 00:36:07,480 --> 00:36:09,400 and attempt to sell these... 685 00:36:09,840 --> 00:36:11,400 uh, or to... 686 00:36:11,440 --> 00:36:15,800 Encourage intelligence services to invest in them. 687 00:36:18,640 --> 00:36:20,120 Klaus Barbie, is a valuable 688 00:36:20,120 --> 00:36:21,400 agent for the Americans. 689 00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:24,720 He uses his knowledge of Communists and the resistance 690 00:36:24,760 --> 00:36:26,400 to buy his own freedom. 691 00:36:28,080 --> 00:36:30,080 The Americans did everything they could 692 00:36:30,080 --> 00:36:31,800 to ensure that the resistance fighters 693 00:36:31,840 --> 00:36:34,120 didn't come to power after the war. 694 00:36:34,320 --> 00:36:35,960 And Barbie was important for them 695 00:36:36,200 --> 00:36:38,360 because he was able to show the Americans 696 00:36:38,400 --> 00:36:40,680 that he knew the network of collaborators 697 00:36:40,720 --> 00:36:42,040 who had worked with the Germans 698 00:36:42,080 --> 00:36:43,360 in the occupied areas 699 00:36:43,400 --> 00:36:44,680 and in Vichy. 700 00:36:44,720 --> 00:36:46,520 It made him really valuable. 701 00:36:46,560 --> 00:36:49,400 With this he had an insight into the blackmail-ability 702 00:36:49,400 --> 00:36:51,720 of the entire French political scene. 703 00:36:55,840 --> 00:36:57,560 The Americans initially hide 704 00:36:57,600 --> 00:36:59,360 the war criminals in Germany 705 00:36:59,360 --> 00:37:01,120 and then in South America. 706 00:37:04,880 --> 00:37:07,800 They understood particularly the... 707 00:37:07,840 --> 00:37:09,480 bloody politics... 708 00:37:09,720 --> 00:37:11,480 of certain types of intelligence. 709 00:37:11,480 --> 00:37:14,080 They understood colonial war. 710 00:37:14,600 --> 00:37:16,640 They had a mentality that was... 711 00:37:16,800 --> 00:37:18,600 well-suited for colonial war, 712 00:37:18,640 --> 00:37:19,840 it's because they... 713 00:37:19,880 --> 00:37:20,920 uh... 714 00:37:21,320 --> 00:37:23,560 believed themselves to be... 715 00:37:24,240 --> 00:37:25,240 uh... 716 00:37:25,280 --> 00:37:26,720 when all is said and done, 717 00:37:26,760 --> 00:37:28,680 uber ... superior. 718 00:37:29,400 --> 00:37:30,400 Um... 719 00:37:30,680 --> 00:37:32,080 and thus, were willing 720 00:37:32,120 --> 00:37:34,440 to take the lives of a great many people 721 00:37:34,440 --> 00:37:39,000 that they considered to be inferior for racial or ethnic reasons. 722 00:37:40,760 --> 00:37:42,280 Barbie ultimately becomes 723 00:37:42,280 --> 00:37:43,760 an intelligence service adviser 724 00:37:43,800 --> 00:37:44,960 in South America. 725 00:37:46,160 --> 00:37:49,080 In the seventies Operation Condor begins. 726 00:37:50,440 --> 00:37:52,400 The American Operation Condor, 727 00:37:52,400 --> 00:37:55,040 was an alliance, if you will, 728 00:37:55,080 --> 00:37:57,680 between the intelligence agencies of 729 00:37:57,680 --> 00:37:59,800 several South American governments 730 00:37:59,840 --> 00:38:02,880 that at that time were run by fascist 731 00:38:02,880 --> 00:38:04,640 or extreme right-wing parties... 732 00:38:04,800 --> 00:38:07,920 with well documented histories of disappearances, 733 00:38:07,960 --> 00:38:10,800 abuse, murder of prisoners and so forth. 734 00:38:11,520 --> 00:38:13,640 And that those regimes... 735 00:38:14,160 --> 00:38:15,920 found Klaus Barbie, 736 00:38:15,960 --> 00:38:18,760 to be a very compatible agent... 737 00:38:19,000 --> 00:38:20,400 for their operations. 738 00:38:21,000 --> 00:38:22,680 A total of 50,000 people, 739 00:38:22,720 --> 00:38:25,200 from the alliance nations are murdered. 740 00:38:25,680 --> 00:38:28,400 Once again, the CIA is involved. 741 00:38:31,000 --> 00:38:32,680 I call it the red light... 742 00:38:33,080 --> 00:38:34,080 green light... 743 00:38:34,400 --> 00:38:35,720 uh, phenomenon. 744 00:38:36,040 --> 00:38:37,120 Uh, the United States 745 00:38:37,120 --> 00:38:38,600 was publicly saying, 746 00:38:38,600 --> 00:38:40,800 defending... human rights... 747 00:38:41,320 --> 00:38:43,360 um... and privately 748 00:38:43,400 --> 00:38:44,680 telling these regimes 749 00:38:44,720 --> 00:38:46,720 that what they were doing was okay. 750 00:38:47,360 --> 00:38:50,680 Until they defeated the left, they should go ahead and do it. 751 00:38:51,560 --> 00:38:54,520 Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, was seen as a driving force 752 00:38:54,560 --> 00:38:56,160 behind the CIA policy. 753 00:38:56,520 --> 00:38:58,240 France, Chile and Argentina, 754 00:38:58,280 --> 00:38:59,680 summon him to answer questions 755 00:38:59,680 --> 00:39:01,560 about human rights violations. 756 00:39:01,760 --> 00:39:05,280 In 2007, Uruguay requests his extradition. 757 00:39:05,840 --> 00:39:07,440 It gradually becomes clear 758 00:39:07,480 --> 00:39:09,920 Kissinger was covering for Operation Condor, 759 00:39:09,960 --> 00:39:11,480 even for the death squads. 760 00:39:12,080 --> 00:39:14,160 Among them, is a well-known fascist, 761 00:39:14,200 --> 00:39:16,600 Stefano Delle Chiaie in Bolivia, 762 00:39:16,600 --> 00:39:18,360 leading a troop of mercenaries. 763 00:39:21,120 --> 00:39:23,760 These 'Grooms of Death' as they were called, 764 00:39:23,760 --> 00:39:25,640 supported the Cocaine Mafia 765 00:39:25,640 --> 00:39:27,600 that staged the coup in Bolivia. 766 00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:29,880 And they reaped the rewards. 767 00:39:30,560 --> 00:39:31,840 They surged through many 768 00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:33,320 Latin American countries 769 00:39:33,360 --> 00:39:35,040 starting counter-revolutions. 770 00:39:35,240 --> 00:39:36,640 Killing, torturing 771 00:39:36,680 --> 00:39:38,840 and turning a profit in the process. 772 00:39:42,440 --> 00:39:45,480 The Grooms of Death are financed by the cocaine trade, 773 00:39:45,480 --> 00:39:48,960 a sector entwined with secret services worldwide. 774 00:39:53,560 --> 00:39:56,080 The drugs trade is an ideal source of money. 775 00:39:56,640 --> 00:39:58,160 Everything is top secret... 776 00:39:58,480 --> 00:40:00,920 and those involved can be blackmailed. 777 00:40:11,800 --> 00:40:14,400 The war against drugs is basically a means 778 00:40:14,400 --> 00:40:15,880 of tricking the public. 779 00:40:16,320 --> 00:40:18,400 Because the real drug trade 780 00:40:18,440 --> 00:40:20,880 is run by privileged individuals. 781 00:40:21,200 --> 00:40:22,720 People who are protected 782 00:40:22,760 --> 00:40:24,680 by the intelligence services. 783 00:40:24,840 --> 00:40:26,680 Who can grow any crop they like, 784 00:40:26,680 --> 00:40:28,000 without any risk. 785 00:40:28,560 --> 00:40:32,040 And sell them to America, Europe, wherever. 786 00:40:40,760 --> 00:40:43,120 The profit margin is astronomical. 787 00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:46,440 And the intelligence services siphon off what they need 788 00:40:46,480 --> 00:40:48,000 for their operations. 789 00:40:51,120 --> 00:40:52,560 Klaus Barbie perfected 790 00:40:52,600 --> 00:40:54,120 the cocaine trade in Bolivia... 791 00:40:54,320 --> 00:40:55,640 among other things. 792 00:40:59,400 --> 00:41:01,600 Barbie made impressions systematic. 793 00:41:01,880 --> 00:41:05,520 He abolished the system of arbitrary beating and brutality. 794 00:41:05,680 --> 00:41:08,240 And introduced systematic torture 795 00:41:08,240 --> 00:41:10,840 and an organized correctional system. 796 00:41:11,200 --> 00:41:12,440 And that was his doom. 797 00:41:12,560 --> 00:41:14,840 Because it meant people became aware of him. 798 00:41:15,240 --> 00:41:16,720 And then he was extradited. 799 00:41:20,560 --> 00:41:22,760 In Lyon in May 1987, 800 00:41:22,800 --> 00:41:24,680 four years after his extradition, 801 00:41:24,880 --> 00:41:28,040 Klaus Barbie was sentenced to lifelong imprisonment. 802 00:41:28,640 --> 00:41:31,200 He died in prison in 1991. 803 00:41:37,480 --> 00:41:40,000 Very few Nazis were ever sentenced. 804 00:41:40,160 --> 00:41:43,600 Paul Dickopf, the long serving president of the BKA... 805 00:41:43,720 --> 00:41:46,080 enjoyed the trust of leading politicians, 806 00:41:46,120 --> 00:41:47,280 until his death. 807 00:41:54,080 --> 00:41:56,520 Although a former SS man and Nazi spy... 808 00:41:57,000 --> 00:42:00,520 Dickopf was hired by the Americans, even before the end of the war. 809 00:42:01,920 --> 00:42:03,160 At some point he saw 810 00:42:03,160 --> 00:42:04,720 Germany wasn't going to win, 811 00:42:04,960 --> 00:42:06,840 so he hung his flag in the wind 812 00:42:06,840 --> 00:42:09,600 and decided it was time to switch sides. 813 00:42:13,080 --> 00:42:14,760 His friend, Francois Genoud, 814 00:42:14,800 --> 00:42:17,000 another Nazi agent, helps him. 815 00:42:17,040 --> 00:42:18,600 They know each other from Switzerland 816 00:42:18,800 --> 00:42:20,280 where they even lived together. 817 00:42:24,160 --> 00:42:26,040 Genoud was a major banker, 818 00:42:26,080 --> 00:42:29,400 a convinced Nazi and a big fan of Hitler's. 819 00:42:29,600 --> 00:42:31,320 And he was probably the one who saved 820 00:42:31,360 --> 00:42:34,800 Nazi and SS fortunes, after 1945. 821 00:42:39,240 --> 00:42:41,400 Genoud published Goebbels Diaries, 822 00:42:41,400 --> 00:42:43,120 and made a lot of money, as a result. 823 00:42:43,920 --> 00:42:47,200 He uses the proceeds to finance the defense for Adolf Eichmann... 824 00:42:47,480 --> 00:42:48,840 and Klaus Barbie. 825 00:42:51,960 --> 00:42:54,440 He's friends with the terrorists, Carlos... 826 00:42:57,560 --> 00:42:59,120 and Wadie Haddad... 827 00:42:59,360 --> 00:43:01,160 who was also a KGB agent... 828 00:43:01,360 --> 00:43:04,360 and is responsible for numerous brutal attacks. 829 00:43:07,200 --> 00:43:10,240 But Dickopf's connection don't damage his career. 830 00:43:10,680 --> 00:43:11,680 On the contrary... 831 00:43:11,920 --> 00:43:13,920 the CIA and its head... 832 00:43:14,240 --> 00:43:15,800 advance his career. 833 00:43:21,920 --> 00:43:23,520 His connection to the American 834 00:43:23,560 --> 00:43:24,960 intelligence services 835 00:43:25,000 --> 00:43:26,120 contributed to him 836 00:43:26,160 --> 00:43:29,000 being employed in the German Interior Ministry. 837 00:43:29,920 --> 00:43:32,280 And then, leading the BKA... 838 00:43:32,520 --> 00:43:35,640 Germany's federal office of criminal investigation. 839 00:43:36,200 --> 00:43:39,360 Even though he had an SS background. 840 00:43:42,080 --> 00:43:43,080 And I think... 841 00:43:43,360 --> 00:43:45,080 although it is just my opinion... 842 00:43:45,520 --> 00:43:49,040 that there was a CIA objective behind his promotion. 843 00:43:50,920 --> 00:43:53,960 I think... they wanted to see him in such a position. 844 00:44:01,480 --> 00:44:03,080 Dickopf passed on information 845 00:44:03,080 --> 00:44:04,480 about German politics... 846 00:44:04,680 --> 00:44:07,080 especially concerning Willy Brandt. 847 00:44:10,400 --> 00:44:11,920 In confidential meetings... 848 00:44:12,040 --> 00:44:13,160 the BKA president 849 00:44:13,160 --> 00:44:15,320 was partied to top secret intelligence... 850 00:44:15,560 --> 00:44:17,600 regarding Brandt's, Ostpolitik. 851 00:44:20,720 --> 00:44:22,640 It was information from a government 852 00:44:22,680 --> 00:44:24,280 who's policy of detente... 853 00:44:24,560 --> 00:44:27,040 was viewed with skepticism in the US. 854 00:44:29,640 --> 00:44:32,320 How much did Paul Dickopf really know? 855 00:44:42,440 --> 00:44:44,400 He took part in ministry meetings 856 00:44:44,400 --> 00:44:46,720 and was involved at a political level. 857 00:44:47,200 --> 00:44:49,000 But to what extent he compromised 858 00:44:49,040 --> 00:44:50,760 the sovereignty of West Germany 859 00:44:50,800 --> 00:44:52,720 in terms of what he gave away... 860 00:44:53,200 --> 00:44:54,400 no one can say. 861 00:44:57,120 --> 00:44:58,680 Dickopf is a window 862 00:44:58,720 --> 00:44:59,960 into the highest 863 00:45:00,000 --> 00:45:01,240 level security 864 00:45:01,240 --> 00:45:02,760 and intelligence issues 865 00:45:02,760 --> 00:45:05,880 as viewed by the German government of that period. 866 00:45:06,000 --> 00:45:07,040 This is... 867 00:45:07,360 --> 00:45:09,320 high level, elite... 868 00:45:09,520 --> 00:45:11,320 insight into... 869 00:45:11,640 --> 00:45:14,440 the security apparatus of a different country. 870 00:45:15,520 --> 00:45:16,960 In CIA files, 871 00:45:17,000 --> 00:45:19,680 Dickopf is described as a unilateral agent... 872 00:45:19,840 --> 00:45:22,160 as working exclusively for one side. 873 00:45:22,480 --> 00:45:24,480 Was he simply a traitor? 874 00:45:28,320 --> 00:45:30,000 I have a problem with the word 'traitor' 875 00:45:30,040 --> 00:45:31,320 in the context of Dickopf 876 00:45:31,360 --> 00:45:33,440 because for him it was everyday life. 877 00:45:33,680 --> 00:45:35,360 He was committed to both sides. 878 00:45:36,000 --> 00:45:38,040 There was almost certainly a kind of gratitude 879 00:45:38,080 --> 00:45:39,960 towards the Americans as well. 880 00:45:42,480 --> 00:45:45,040 How badly did Dickopf damage Germany? 881 00:45:49,600 --> 00:45:52,040 In 1972, his friend, Genoud 882 00:45:52,080 --> 00:45:54,120 helps to hijack a Lufthansa jet. 883 00:45:55,240 --> 00:45:57,440 The action generates fifteen million marks 884 00:45:57,440 --> 00:45:59,640 in ransom for Palestinian coffers. 885 00:46:00,280 --> 00:46:03,320 Money that would be used for further terrorist activity. 886 00:46:08,040 --> 00:46:12,200 In 1972, Genoud also finances the Munich massacre 887 00:46:12,200 --> 00:46:14,000 of the Israeli Olympic team. 888 00:46:16,440 --> 00:46:18,560 The sporting event, which is supposed to be 889 00:46:18,600 --> 00:46:20,360 Germany's big, prestigious moment... 890 00:46:20,720 --> 00:46:24,080 becomes one of the country's biggest ever catastrophes... 891 00:46:29,240 --> 00:46:31,280 when eleven Israeli athletes... 892 00:46:31,560 --> 00:46:34,120 are murdered as the world looks on. 893 00:46:43,240 --> 00:46:46,000 Genoud was close to Middle East terrorist circles. 894 00:46:46,240 --> 00:46:47,360 Some of which worked 895 00:46:47,400 --> 00:46:48,520 with Mosat. 896 00:46:49,760 --> 00:46:52,680 It's a very, very strange structure. 897 00:46:54,320 --> 00:46:57,000 As head of Interpol, Dickopf is supposed to fight 898 00:46:57,040 --> 00:46:59,760 such terrorists financed by his friend, Genoud. 899 00:47:00,600 --> 00:47:01,880 During his time in office... 900 00:47:02,280 --> 00:47:05,240 there's a rise in the number of attacks and hijackings. 901 00:47:06,080 --> 00:47:09,400 But Dickopf says that Interpol is powerless to stop them. 902 00:47:12,960 --> 00:47:15,320 You know that Article three of our statute, 903 00:47:15,320 --> 00:47:16,720 prevents the organization 904 00:47:16,720 --> 00:47:18,480 from any direct intervention. 905 00:47:19,000 --> 00:47:20,800 But that should encourage other countries 906 00:47:20,840 --> 00:47:22,080 to be much more active 907 00:47:22,120 --> 00:47:23,840 in sharing of intelligence. 908 00:47:27,120 --> 00:47:28,160 So, just because 909 00:47:28,160 --> 00:47:29,720 Interpol can't intervene... 910 00:47:29,880 --> 00:47:31,240 it doesn't mean other countries 911 00:47:31,280 --> 00:47:33,120 can't take bilateral action. 912 00:47:33,800 --> 00:47:35,920 Bilaterally and multilaterally. 913 00:47:36,080 --> 00:47:37,560 They can do whatever they want, 914 00:47:37,560 --> 00:47:39,560 as long as they don't involve Interpol. 915 00:47:43,920 --> 00:47:47,200 At the same time as fifteen and later thirty planes 916 00:47:47,200 --> 00:47:49,400 were being hijacked in a single year... 917 00:47:49,640 --> 00:47:54,920 the Western states decide that solving terrorist crimes is not Interpol's job. 918 00:47:59,480 --> 00:48:00,560 It's outrageous. 919 00:48:01,520 --> 00:48:03,760 Dickopf was in contact with Genoud... 920 00:48:04,040 --> 00:48:05,840 who he's always meeting up with. 921 00:48:05,960 --> 00:48:09,320 And Genoud finances the people who hijacked the planes. 922 00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:13,400 And at the same time Interpol says, "It's not our job." 923 00:48:18,400 --> 00:48:19,680 Did the CIA know 924 00:48:19,720 --> 00:48:21,960 about Dickopf's contacts with Genoud? 925 00:48:22,920 --> 00:48:24,920 Documents prove that they did. 926 00:48:25,920 --> 00:48:28,360 Dickopf himself told the CIA, 927 00:48:28,400 --> 00:48:30,840 that he had known him since the World War II. 928 00:48:35,240 --> 00:48:37,080 But the open files in Washington... 929 00:48:37,320 --> 00:48:40,160 don't seem to contain all the information the CIA 930 00:48:40,160 --> 00:48:42,800 claimed from Dickopf and other Nazis. 931 00:48:44,960 --> 00:48:49,000 The CIA had a conscious, deliberate campaign 932 00:48:49,040 --> 00:48:52,080 that was based in their general council's office... 933 00:48:52,320 --> 00:48:53,600 to obstruct 934 00:48:53,600 --> 00:48:55,480 the release of these records 935 00:48:55,480 --> 00:48:57,520 to the maximum extent possible. 936 00:48:58,360 --> 00:49:02,880 And most particularly to obstruct the release of records that dealt with... 937 00:49:03,440 --> 00:49:07,040 uh, relationships between informants and agents... 938 00:49:07,360 --> 00:49:08,440 and the CIA. 939 00:49:08,480 --> 00:49:10,800 Which was the exact point of this, okay? 940 00:49:12,000 --> 00:49:14,560 Christopher Simpson was a member of the commission... 941 00:49:14,600 --> 00:49:16,400 that negotiated with the CIA... 942 00:49:16,680 --> 00:49:18,920 over the release of the Nazi files. 943 00:49:22,440 --> 00:49:23,760 His experiences... 944 00:49:24,000 --> 00:49:25,200 are sobering. 945 00:49:25,960 --> 00:49:28,440 In one of the most important categories that fits... 946 00:49:28,720 --> 00:49:30,040 into that description... 947 00:49:30,400 --> 00:49:32,720 is what's called foreign government information. 948 00:49:33,120 --> 00:49:36,440 And that's information in which they have obtained... 949 00:49:36,880 --> 00:49:38,080 either legally... 950 00:49:38,560 --> 00:49:39,720 or illegally... 951 00:49:40,120 --> 00:49:41,920 from a separate government... 952 00:49:42,160 --> 00:49:44,240 about that government's affairs. 953 00:49:45,040 --> 00:49:46,200 This is why... 954 00:49:46,560 --> 00:49:48,120 uh... the... 955 00:49:48,160 --> 00:49:51,520 and you'll see this... in a Skorzeny file, 956 00:49:51,560 --> 00:49:52,960 you'll see it in the Dickopf file, 957 00:49:53,000 --> 00:49:54,600 you'll see it in the Klaus Barbie file... 958 00:49:54,760 --> 00:49:55,920 that to this day... 959 00:49:55,960 --> 00:49:57,360 um... 960 00:49:58,280 --> 00:50:00,640 most people aren't familiar with this reality 961 00:50:00,680 --> 00:50:02,080 but there are nevertheless 962 00:50:02,120 --> 00:50:04,000 continued to be withheld records... 963 00:50:04,240 --> 00:50:05,400 in those files. 964 00:50:06,960 --> 00:50:10,160 This policy prevents historians and journalists, 965 00:50:10,200 --> 00:50:11,680 from getting to the bottom 966 00:50:11,880 --> 00:50:14,440 of important espionage operations. 967 00:50:21,040 --> 00:50:23,040 The CIA is a global service 968 00:50:23,080 --> 00:50:24,320 with a huge budget 969 00:50:24,360 --> 00:50:26,360 and incredible possibilities. 970 00:50:26,560 --> 00:50:28,040 Because it also benefits 971 00:50:28,040 --> 00:50:29,320 from the drugs trade. 972 00:50:29,720 --> 00:50:33,000 And it exerts influence in all kinds of countries. 973 00:50:34,520 --> 00:50:36,920 All over Europe, it influences politics, 974 00:50:37,120 --> 00:50:38,680 the perception of the enemy... 975 00:50:39,320 --> 00:50:40,320 public opinion. 976 00:50:40,360 --> 00:50:42,560 It engages in psychological warfare. 977 00:50:43,360 --> 00:50:45,640 So, if I have an organization 978 00:50:45,920 --> 00:50:48,080 like the CIA, at my disposal... 979 00:50:48,360 --> 00:50:52,520 I can push a democracy in the way the Italian democracy was pushed. 980 00:50:53,160 --> 00:50:57,280 And in the way that certain political processes might have been influenced. 981 00:51:01,280 --> 00:51:03,680 An intelligence service, is not the boy scouts. 982 00:51:06,400 --> 00:51:08,400 Many intelligence service activities 983 00:51:08,400 --> 00:51:12,760 from the Cold War era has still not been opened to public scrutiny. 984 00:51:13,960 --> 00:51:16,160 This includes the operations... 985 00:51:16,360 --> 00:51:18,800 which turned war criminals and fascists... 986 00:51:19,160 --> 00:51:20,640 into collaborators. 68663

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