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The Danish Film Museum presents:
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THE VILLAGE CHURCH
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In Denmark there are more
than 2,000 village churches.
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They are almost all
between 700 and 800 years old.
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25 generations have
come and gone in them,
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through changing times,
in joy and in sorrow.
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Large forests provided the oak
for the first Danish churches.
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They consisted of a small choir
to the east and a nave to the west.
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We only have a few planks left
of those churches,
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but in other Nordic countries
mediaeval wood churches still exist.
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The congregation
assembled in the nave.
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In the choir, the priest celebrated
Holy Mass at the altar.
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Across Denmark, huge boulders
lay spread out after the ice age.
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From them, parish churches
were built in the 12th century,
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when Christianity prevailed.
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Building in stone
was something quite new.
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The house of God
should last for eternity.
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Churches were built in the Romanesque
style with round arches
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during this first great
church-building period.
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Almost all old churches still
have stone walls from that time.
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The windows were small
and placed high up the walls,
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close to the raftered ceiling.
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They gave only a very subdued light,
but more was not needed,
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because when the congregation sang,
it was without a hymn book.
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Otherwise, they were just
spectators in the audience.
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Think of the day
when you were baptised.
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For then you promise
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to honour and worship Christ,
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King of Kings,
and Lord of Lords,
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and you promise to renounce
the devil and all his works.
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The font was by the door, for baptism
was the door to the Kingdom of God.
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Some of the oldest stone churches
are built from travertine.
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It is also called ''froth stone'',
because it looks like froth.
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Some Romanesque stone churches
have a tower to the west.
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Some even have twin towers.
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To the east
they have the round choir.
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The choir vault, just like the walls,
was a picture Bible of frescoes.
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Here, the congregation could see
stories from the Bible and legends.
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In the name of the Father,
the Son and the Holy Spirit. Amen.
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I take you to be my wedded wife.
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I take you to be my wedded husband.
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The towers stand mighty and strong.
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From them, then as now,
the bells called to service,
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or they tolled when there was a death
or a funeral, or in case of danger.
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During periods of unrest,
the church was used as a refuge.
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People left their houses built of mud
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and sought protection
behind the heavy stone walls.
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From around 1250,
a new style appeared in Denmark.
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It was the Gothic style
with pointed arches
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and soaring lines.
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Through the large lancet windows,
light flooded inside.
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The nave was also completely
transformed in the Gothic style.
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The old wooden ceilings
were replaced by brick vaults
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and the slender, soaring ribs
met in pointed arches.
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Some of the churches
acquired two naves
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where the old Romanesque naves
were so broad
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that they could not be covered
by one line of vaults.
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Then central columns were raised,
with two sets of vaults at the walls.
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Under these vaults,
the church lived its life,
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watching over people
from baptism to death,
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and from death into eternity.
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The art of burning bricks
came to the country around 1160.
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The large, red mediaeval bricks
were used more and more,
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particularly for
all the Gothic additions.
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Churches were given
towers and sacristies,
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porches and chapels,
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and a few large village churches
acquired three naves.
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The church interiors were greatly
influenced by the Reformation,
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even if some of the old furniture
was preserved.
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The font was preserved, but a basin
of pewter or brass was placed on top,
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and from then on, children
were baptised as they are today.
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In the name of the Father
and the Son and the Holy Spirit.
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Amen.
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Also preserved was the carved
grouping of the crucified Christ
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with Mary and John
at the foot of the cross.
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The finely carved altarpiece
was also allowed to stay put
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as long as it was
of a general nature.
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Most of the Catholic images
of saints were removed.
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The pulpit was placed
in the middle of the church.
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Preaching became one of the most
important parts of the service,
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and during the long sermons
the congregation had to sit
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so the church
was filled with church pews.
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Let us not rely on deeds
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or on the constraints of the law,
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but solely on the word of the Gospel,
which comforts the conscience.
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Through life's vicissitudes,
the church provided a focus.
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The peasants got together here
when the secular authorities called
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for a parish meeting in the vestry.
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It has come to our notice
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that there is much idolatry
in the parish
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with geese, lambs and chickens
being sacrificed
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according to ancient customs.
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The village church is today
the oldest building in the parish,
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but is not the same
as when it was built.
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Both the Catholic and Protestant
tradition have shaped it.
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800 years of Denmark's history
have left their mark on its churches.
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Through the ages, so much
has been added and changed
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that we have to remove the additions
in order to see the Romanesque core.
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The north chapel is the most recent
addition, built around 1600.
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The sacristy is the next most recent.
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It goes back to Gothic times,
to the end of the Middle Ages.
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The porch is a little older,
but it is still Gothic.
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The Corbie gables on the nave
and the choir are from the same time,
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as is the tower.
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And then we are left
with the oldest stone church,
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the small Romanesque building
with only a choir and a nave.
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Inside the church, we can
also go back through the ages.
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The altarpiece is from
Protestant times
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and in the style of
the older absolute monarchy.
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The pulpit is from the time
of Christian IV.
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The crucifix and the figures
are now placed on the choir wall,
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but were placed over the choir arch
in Catholic times.
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The Virgin Mary with the Christ child
once stood on a Catholic side altar.
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The font is Romanesque,
from the earliest time of the church.
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But only a few steps away
is the modern organ.
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Built on the Rock
the Church doth stand
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Even when steeples are falling
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Crumbled have spires in every land
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Bells are still chiming and calling
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Calling the young and old to rest
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But above all the soul distressed
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Longing for rest everlasting.
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