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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:10,761 --> 00:00:12,229 From space, 2 00:00:12,304 --> 00:00:15,729 the view of our planet 3 00:00:15,849 --> 00:00:17,943 is breathtaking. 4 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:25,074 5 00:00:31,448 --> 00:00:34,418 Satellites orbiting the Earth 6 00:00:34,535 --> 00:00:36,629 can now look down on it 7 00:00:36,745 --> 00:00:41,171 in absolutely extraordinary detail. 8 00:00:50,175 --> 00:00:53,019 Using cameras on the ground, 9 00:00:53,136 --> 00:00:54,558 in the air... 10 00:00:55,639 --> 00:00:57,687 and in space, 11 00:00:57,808 --> 00:01:00,061 we can tell the story of life on Earth 12 00:01:00,143 --> 00:01:03,113 from a brand-new perspective. 13 00:01:07,359 --> 00:01:10,408 At a time when the Earth's surface is changing faster 14 00:01:10,529 --> 00:01:13,282 than at any point in human history... 15 00:01:15,075 --> 00:01:18,875 we can see just what impact we're having. 16 00:01:24,626 --> 00:01:26,469 In this episode... 17 00:01:27,671 --> 00:01:29,765 satellites uncover 18 00:01:29,881 --> 00:01:32,805 previously unknown colonies of penguins... 19 00:01:38,390 --> 00:01:43,738 reveal mysterious ice rings that could put seal pups in danger... 20 00:01:44,771 --> 00:01:47,445 and make surprising discoveries 21 00:01:47,566 --> 00:01:51,070 in Earth's most remote landscapes. 22 00:01:53,363 --> 00:01:55,411 Behind every image... 23 00:01:56,450 --> 00:01:57,872 there's a story. 24 00:02:00,954 --> 00:02:03,878 This is our home 25 00:02:03,999 --> 00:02:07,469 as we've never seen it before. 26 00:02:35,614 --> 00:02:37,833 At any given moment, 27 00:02:37,949 --> 00:02:41,249 over a thousand satellites are orbiting the Earth. 28 00:02:47,918 --> 00:02:52,469 Some are capturing images across the planet's surface so detailed... 29 00:02:54,549 --> 00:02:59,055 that we can now see individual animals from space... 30 00:03:01,473 --> 00:03:06,024 while simultaneously following them on the ground. 31 00:03:10,357 --> 00:03:12,701 Kenya, East Africa. 32 00:03:16,488 --> 00:03:18,161 The green of a river bank. 33 00:03:19,783 --> 00:03:23,663 Look closely, and grey bodies are just visible. 34 00:03:25,872 --> 00:03:28,250 A family of elephants. 35 00:03:49,020 --> 00:03:50,567 They have a new calf... 36 00:03:51,732 --> 00:03:53,450 just over a week old. 37 00:04:05,454 --> 00:04:09,004 At around 100 kilos, and growing fast, 38 00:04:09,124 --> 00:04:13,095 she needs to drink some 12 litres of milk a day. 39 00:04:18,675 --> 00:04:22,350 But her mother is struggling to provide it for her. 40 00:04:24,222 --> 00:04:27,897 She hasn't fed properly in weeks. 41 00:04:33,774 --> 00:04:36,744 In fact, the whole herd is in trouble. 42 00:04:48,955 --> 00:04:52,835 And from space, it's clear why. 43 00:04:55,378 --> 00:04:57,176 At this time of year, 44 00:04:57,297 --> 00:05:01,052 the family is usually found ten kilometres north, 45 00:05:01,176 --> 00:05:04,851 in the relative safety of Samburu National Reserve. 46 00:05:07,516 --> 00:05:10,690 But satellite images reveal that all is not well here. 47 00:05:15,023 --> 00:05:16,821 The ground is deep orange. 48 00:05:19,611 --> 00:05:21,204 Barely any signs of water... 49 00:05:22,322 --> 00:05:24,290 or green spots of vegetation. 50 00:05:32,874 --> 00:05:36,845 Samburu is in the grip of a vicious drought. 51 00:05:42,425 --> 00:05:47,647 Northern Kenya has been struck hard by the planet's changing climate. 52 00:05:54,020 --> 00:05:58,491 This year has seen 25% less rain than the average. 53 00:05:59,860 --> 00:06:02,830 The dry season has been extreme. 54 00:06:06,741 --> 00:06:09,290 Animals are starving. 55 00:06:21,965 --> 00:06:24,138 A desperate search for food 56 00:06:24,259 --> 00:06:26,136 has forced the family 57 00:06:26,261 --> 00:06:28,104 out of the safety of the reserve... 58 00:06:29,806 --> 00:06:32,104 to a few small patches of green 59 00:06:32,225 --> 00:06:35,195 dangerously close to a busy main road. 60 00:06:48,450 --> 00:06:51,624 Scrubby vegetation provides a little to eat. 61 00:06:53,163 --> 00:06:56,588 But here, the family could be a target for poachers. 62 00:07:01,880 --> 00:07:05,180 On the ground, their situation is desperate. 63 00:07:09,304 --> 00:07:12,023 But with cameras in space, 64 00:07:12,140 --> 00:07:15,440 we can see what the elephants can't. 65 00:07:20,023 --> 00:07:26,076 From a satellite taking an image of the whole Earth every 15 minutes, 66 00:07:26,196 --> 00:07:28,290 we can track weather patterns. 67 00:07:35,705 --> 00:07:40,051 Over East Africa, clouds are building. 68 00:07:42,587 --> 00:07:45,716 Rain is just six days away. 69 00:07:56,142 --> 00:07:57,815 The calf is worn out. 70 00:08:06,403 --> 00:08:08,781 But her mother will not let her rest. 71 00:08:26,172 --> 00:08:29,722 It's not safe to be so close to a busy road. 72 00:08:31,344 --> 00:08:32,891 They need to move on. 73 00:08:34,431 --> 00:08:35,808 But she's too tired. 74 00:09:10,717 --> 00:09:14,142 This is the first rain she's ever experienced... 75 00:09:17,348 --> 00:09:18,975 and it's hard to get to grips with. 76 00:09:32,655 --> 00:09:35,204 Her mother encourages her to her feet. 77 00:09:40,163 --> 00:09:43,292 She wants her baby out of this dangerous place. 78 00:09:57,680 --> 00:10:01,230 Samburu is transforming. 79 00:10:34,467 --> 00:10:37,186 Elephants, scattered by the drought, 80 00:10:37,262 --> 00:10:39,685 are now returning to the reserve. 81 00:10:43,309 --> 00:10:46,779 And our family is with them. 82 00:11:23,558 --> 00:11:27,563 Overnight, one of the other females has given birth. 83 00:11:48,917 --> 00:11:51,045 The rain means the best start 84 00:11:51,169 --> 00:11:52,842 for a new generation 85 00:11:52,962 --> 00:11:55,385 of this vulnerable species. 86 00:12:24,744 --> 00:12:27,839 And it's not just elephants we can see from space. 87 00:12:33,461 --> 00:12:37,341 Satellite cameras are finding animals across the globe. 88 00:12:44,222 --> 00:12:46,896 The dunes of Namibia, Southern Africa. 89 00:12:50,019 --> 00:12:54,320 Tiny dark spots line the edge of the surf. 90 00:12:57,568 --> 00:13:00,196 Each one is a Cape fur seal... 91 00:13:03,241 --> 00:13:06,666 in a colony several thousand strong. 92 00:13:17,380 --> 00:13:19,974 Over the East African plains of the Serengeti... 93 00:13:22,885 --> 00:13:27,186 scientists monitor the size of wildebeest herds 94 00:13:27,265 --> 00:13:28,858 on their annual migration. 95 00:13:41,362 --> 00:13:44,787 From 600 kilometres above Baja, Mexico... 96 00:13:50,621 --> 00:13:53,750 we can see grey whales 97 00:13:53,875 --> 00:13:55,377 beneath the water... 98 00:13:57,754 --> 00:13:59,756 arriving here to give birth. 99 00:14:08,389 --> 00:14:13,065 This new technology is now helping wildlife conservation 100 00:14:13,186 --> 00:14:15,439 in the most inaccessible places. 101 00:14:18,691 --> 00:14:19,863 Antarctica. 102 00:14:22,403 --> 00:14:25,498 A continent so hostile and remote... 103 00:14:27,200 --> 00:14:31,580 that studying life here is incredibly challenging. 104 00:14:35,208 --> 00:14:41,341 But now satellites allow us to access every square kilometre of its surface. 105 00:14:48,221 --> 00:14:52,317 And this has led to an extraordinary discovery. 106 00:14:57,522 --> 00:15:01,618 Brown patches dotted across the ice. 107 00:15:03,569 --> 00:15:05,617 Seemingly out of place... 108 00:15:08,157 --> 00:15:09,909 but they are vital clues... 109 00:15:11,661 --> 00:15:16,132 helping us to find one of our most iconic species. 110 00:15:36,269 --> 00:15:37,566 Emperor penguins. 111 00:15:47,029 --> 00:15:49,123 This colony is full of new life. 112 00:15:56,247 --> 00:15:58,545 Hatched just a month before, 113 00:15:58,624 --> 00:16:02,674 the chicks consume pre-digested fish and krill 114 00:16:02,795 --> 00:16:04,468 brought to them by their parents. 115 00:16:09,802 --> 00:16:13,727 But the results of this diet can be messy. 116 00:16:37,205 --> 00:16:39,173 Over 10,000 birds 117 00:16:39,290 --> 00:16:41,088 create a vast amount... 118 00:16:42,752 --> 00:16:43,844 of poo. 119 00:16:52,011 --> 00:16:54,230 A problem for the colony. 120 00:16:59,519 --> 00:17:03,444 At minus 20, all the water is frozen solid. 121 00:17:05,024 --> 00:17:06,321 With nothing to drink, 122 00:17:06,442 --> 00:17:09,742 penguins eat the snow beneath their feet... 123 00:17:11,155 --> 00:17:13,624 which is becoming rather unappealing. 124 00:17:21,332 --> 00:17:23,255 They need to find fresh snow. 125 00:17:30,466 --> 00:17:31,809 The youngest chicks, 126 00:17:31,926 --> 00:17:33,529 who aren't yet able to keep themselves warm, 127 00:17:33,553 --> 00:17:36,397 are carried on their parents' feet. 128 00:17:52,613 --> 00:17:55,583 Others should be walking by now. 129 00:18:06,627 --> 00:18:09,176 As each penguin moves to find clean snow... 130 00:18:11,090 --> 00:18:15,015 the colony slowly works its way across the ice... 131 00:18:24,520 --> 00:18:27,069 leaving a trail behind them. 132 00:18:32,361 --> 00:18:34,830 Over weeks, the patches spread. 133 00:18:37,366 --> 00:18:40,791 From space, a penguin colony would be difficult to spot 134 00:18:40,911 --> 00:18:43,005 in this vast sea of white. 135 00:18:45,791 --> 00:18:48,590 But the marks they leave behind stand out. 136 00:18:55,468 --> 00:18:59,223 And now that scientists know what to look for, 137 00:18:59,347 --> 00:19:01,190 they are finding more colonies. 138 00:19:05,186 --> 00:19:10,488 So far, 26 new colonies have been discovered... 139 00:19:14,862 --> 00:19:19,618 doubling the known global population of the species. 140 00:19:23,204 --> 00:19:26,128 A discovery at a crucial time. 141 00:19:28,501 --> 00:19:32,551 It is predicted that the sea ice, on which the penguins breed, 142 00:19:32,672 --> 00:19:35,016 will recede due to climate change. 143 00:19:37,968 --> 00:19:39,265 And as a consequence, 144 00:19:39,387 --> 00:19:43,938 20% of emperor penguins could disappear in the next century. 145 00:19:49,814 --> 00:19:51,236 From satellite, 146 00:19:51,357 --> 00:19:54,782 scientists are now monitoring these colonies 147 00:19:54,860 --> 00:19:57,113 as they face an uncertain future. 148 00:20:03,619 --> 00:20:08,090 The view from space is allowing us to make scientific breakthroughs 149 00:20:08,207 --> 00:20:11,086 in the most remote places on the planet. 150 00:20:14,672 --> 00:20:20,270 In 2017, cameras captured a crack in the Antarctic ice shelf... 151 00:20:23,222 --> 00:20:26,021 ".450 metres wide... 152 00:20:29,437 --> 00:20:32,361 and nearly 200 kilometres long. 153 00:20:36,068 --> 00:20:41,120 So inaccessible that the only way to track it 154 00:20:41,240 --> 00:20:43,538 has been from 600 kilometres up. 155 00:20:47,705 --> 00:20:52,461 Images taken over the year showed the crack growing, 156 00:20:52,543 --> 00:20:53,635 until eventually... 157 00:20:55,296 --> 00:20:57,799 a vast piece of ice broke free. 158 00:21:00,801 --> 00:21:03,645 Four times the size of Greater London, 159 00:21:03,763 --> 00:21:08,018 it is one of the largest icebergs on record. 160 00:21:19,612 --> 00:21:21,785 In a remote part of Alberta, Canada... 161 00:21:24,241 --> 00:21:25,993 miles from civilisation... 162 00:21:29,830 --> 00:21:32,379 a strange arced shape... 163 00:21:36,295 --> 00:21:38,047 in the middle of the forest. 164 00:21:40,382 --> 00:21:44,558 This is the world's largest beaver dam. 165 00:21:48,057 --> 00:21:52,153 Satellite records show that it was built over the last 3O years... 166 00:21:56,357 --> 00:21:59,201 and it's now almost a kilometre long. 167 00:22:01,821 --> 00:22:05,496 No-one knew that the species was capable of construction 168 00:22:05,616 --> 00:22:07,334 on such a scale. 169 00:22:12,248 --> 00:22:14,250 And in Mozambique, Africa... 170 00:22:19,338 --> 00:22:23,138 a scientist scanning through satellite images 171 00:22:23,259 --> 00:22:24,727 found a lost world... 172 00:22:31,767 --> 00:22:37,945 an isolated rainforest, on top of cliffs almost 500 metres high... 173 00:22:40,317 --> 00:22:44,242 completely untouched and unexplored. 174 00:22:49,702 --> 00:22:52,330 Expeditions are now being launched 175 00:22:52,454 --> 00:22:57,426 in the hope of discovering entirely new species. 176 00:23:10,055 --> 00:23:13,150 But other images are harder to explain. 177 00:23:19,481 --> 00:23:21,904 Lake Baikal, Siberia. 178 00:23:24,945 --> 00:23:27,994 The largest body of fresh water on the planet. 179 00:23:33,787 --> 00:23:37,587 Its surface frozen solid for five months of the year. 180 00:23:58,979 --> 00:24:03,655 But satellite images have revealed something unexpected in the ice. 181 00:24:09,990 --> 00:24:12,709 A huge dark ring. 182 00:24:21,126 --> 00:24:25,006 Broken ice and meltwater 183 00:24:25,130 --> 00:24:28,350 in a circle over four kilometres across. 184 00:24:34,139 --> 00:24:37,518 A number of these rings appear almost every year... 185 00:24:40,062 --> 00:24:42,611 and in different parts of the lake... 186 00:24:46,485 --> 00:24:49,705 each triggering vast areas of ice to break apart. 187 00:25:01,250 --> 00:25:02,843 A potential disaster... 188 00:25:04,420 --> 00:25:07,515 for an animal who lives on the ice. 189 00:25:16,015 --> 00:25:17,688 The Baikal seal. 190 00:25:25,899 --> 00:25:28,573 This pup was born in the depths of winter, 191 00:25:28,694 --> 00:25:32,449 spending the first weeks of her life in and around an ice den. 192 00:25:38,287 --> 00:25:40,881 In the spring, the ice will melt. 193 00:25:49,048 --> 00:25:52,723 She has just two months to prepare for life in the water. 194 00:26:08,859 --> 00:26:11,328 Moving around on the frozen surface 195 00:26:11,445 --> 00:26:14,369 helps her to shed her soft baby coat. 196 00:26:20,162 --> 00:26:22,381 With claws like ice picks, 197 00:26:22,498 --> 00:26:25,502 pups haul themselves across the ice... 198 00:26:45,020 --> 00:26:47,193 bar the occasional slip-up. 199 00:26:55,656 --> 00:26:59,411 She's developing the muscles needed to swim and to hunt. 200 00:27:00,953 --> 00:27:03,081 Each day, she grows stronger. 201 00:27:10,337 --> 00:27:12,089 But if an ice ring appears... 202 00:27:13,340 --> 00:27:18,813 a pup, without its adult coat or full swimming strength, 203 00:27:18,929 --> 00:27:21,307 could become stranded on an ice floe... 204 00:27:22,558 --> 00:27:24,856 or drown in open water. 205 00:27:29,857 --> 00:27:33,862 These melting ice rings intrigued scientists, 206 00:27:33,986 --> 00:27:35,784 who launched an investigation. 207 00:27:44,288 --> 00:27:46,882 By studying satellite images 208 00:27:46,999 --> 00:27:50,469 and taking measurements from beneath the ice, 209 00:27:50,586 --> 00:27:54,966 the cause of the rings has been uncovered. 210 00:27:59,428 --> 00:28:02,898 Powerful warm water currents 211 00:28:03,015 --> 00:28:06,064 rising and swirling in circles. 212 00:28:13,901 --> 00:28:16,950 As the ring begins to break apart, 213 00:28:17,070 --> 00:28:21,416 satellites show that the ice across the rest of the lake is solid. 214 00:28:35,631 --> 00:28:38,555 She has time to prepare 215 00:28:38,675 --> 00:28:40,552 for a life in the water... 216 00:28:42,221 --> 00:28:45,065 once the ice finally melts. 217 00:29:02,574 --> 00:29:04,793 Ours is a blue planet. 218 00:29:09,873 --> 00:29:13,377 From space, we can see how water defines the landscape. 219 00:29:18,048 --> 00:29:22,144 Ocean tributaries fan out like branches on a tree 220 00:29:22,261 --> 00:29:25,606 through an island off the coast of West Africa... 221 00:29:27,140 --> 00:29:32,738 while the veins of the Yukon Delta flow into the Bering Sea, off Alaska. 222 00:29:38,694 --> 00:29:41,789 We depend so much on water 223 00:29:41,905 --> 00:29:44,078 that we've built our cities around it. 224 00:29:46,410 --> 00:29:47,582 Venice. 225 00:29:51,915 --> 00:29:53,292 London. 226 00:29:59,756 --> 00:30:01,258 Hong Kong. 227 00:30:09,057 --> 00:30:11,310 Wherever there is water on our planet... 228 00:30:15,605 --> 00:30:16,731 there is life. 229 00:30:22,946 --> 00:30:25,825 Botswana, Africa. 230 00:30:30,579 --> 00:30:35,506 In the heart of a desert is a vast, shimmering fan. 231 00:30:41,423 --> 00:30:45,269 Channels of water have created a delta 232 00:30:45,385 --> 00:30:47,638 that never reaches the ocean... 233 00:30:49,348 --> 00:30:52,318 but disappears into the sand. 234 00:30:56,396 --> 00:30:57,773 The Okavango. 235 00:31:02,235 --> 00:31:06,581 From above, you can see a network of tracks and paths 236 00:31:06,698 --> 00:31:08,325 running through the wetland. 237 00:31:11,703 --> 00:31:12,875 Crossroads. 238 00:31:15,207 --> 00:31:16,333 Forks in the road. 239 00:31:19,252 --> 00:31:20,378 Roundabouts. 240 00:31:24,758 --> 00:31:28,729 Carefully constructed by Africa's most unlikely architect... 241 00:31:32,307 --> 00:31:33,604 hiPPOp0tamus. 242 00:31:43,110 --> 00:31:47,286 The delta is home to Botswana's largest population of hippos. 243 00:31:52,661 --> 00:31:55,335 They wallow in pools to escape the heat. 244 00:32:01,503 --> 00:32:04,598 But they can't escape each other. 245 00:32:16,643 --> 00:32:18,395 Males defend their territory... 246 00:32:21,606 --> 00:32:24,109 while juveniles try to copy them. 247 00:32:30,240 --> 00:32:32,789 There are youngsters underfoot. 248 00:32:42,294 --> 00:32:45,218 And the females have had enough. 249 00:32:47,174 --> 00:32:51,270 They all need just a bit more space. 250 00:33:09,362 --> 00:33:13,083 As the sun begins to set and the temperature drops... 251 00:33:17,454 --> 00:33:21,584 the hippos leave the pools to find food. 252 00:33:26,046 --> 00:33:30,017 The best grazing spots can be more than a kilometre away, 253 00:33:30,133 --> 00:33:31,976 through thick vegetation. 254 00:33:40,352 --> 00:33:43,902 Their routes to feeding grounds are retraced daily. 255 00:33:51,530 --> 00:33:56,001 Three-tonne bulldozers keeping the pathways clear. 256 00:34:08,463 --> 00:34:11,012 And as alljourneys originate in a pool, 257 00:34:11,132 --> 00:34:15,262 the hippo tracks act like release valves... 258 00:34:18,473 --> 00:34:23,525 allowing water and nutrients to flow deep into the delta. 259 00:34:27,023 --> 00:34:30,493 It's this movement that creates the channels 260 00:34:30,610 --> 00:34:33,784 that sustain so much life. 261 00:34:49,212 --> 00:34:54,309 These hippo tracks have helped to create a tangled network of waterways. 262 00:34:58,138 --> 00:35:01,312 Stretching for over 10,000 square kilometres. 263 00:35:08,440 --> 00:35:11,660 Transforming a desert into an oasis... 264 00:35:13,320 --> 00:35:16,540 in the heart of Southern Africa. 265 00:35:29,336 --> 00:35:32,385 Water isn't the only element needed for life. 266 00:35:36,760 --> 00:35:37,977 From space, 267 00:35:38,094 --> 00:35:41,098 we can see an extraordinary phenomenon at work. 268 00:35:42,307 --> 00:35:46,403 A surprising connection between two distant continents 269 00:35:46,519 --> 00:35:49,523 that supports millions of animal species. 270 00:35:57,405 --> 00:35:59,203 A plume of orange. 271 00:36:02,661 --> 00:36:05,130 Hundreds of kilometres across. 272 00:36:08,541 --> 00:36:09,838 Dust 273 00:36:15,924 --> 00:36:19,929 It comes from here - North Africa. 274 00:36:26,768 --> 00:36:30,614 What looks like a small white scar in the Sahara desert... 275 00:36:32,107 --> 00:36:35,361 is actually the remains of a vast lake. 276 00:36:43,034 --> 00:36:45,412 Once rich in life, 277 00:36:45,537 --> 00:36:46,834 now a dust bowl. 278 00:36:52,836 --> 00:36:55,214 Winds whipping across the lakebed 279 00:36:55,338 --> 00:36:58,592 lift nutrient-rich Saharan dust 280 00:36:58,717 --> 00:36:59,969 into the air. 281 00:37:10,311 --> 00:37:12,734 By following the dust plume day and night... 282 00:37:16,860 --> 00:37:21,206 we can see it travel more than 3,000 kilometres... 283 00:37:27,495 --> 00:37:28,917 over the Atlantic... 284 00:37:43,845 --> 00:37:46,689 to Central and South America... 285 00:37:53,146 --> 00:37:57,026 home to the largest tropical rainforest in the world. 286 00:38:05,825 --> 00:38:07,919 It rains here almost every day. 287 00:38:14,501 --> 00:38:17,846 But plants need more than just water to grow. 288 00:38:24,093 --> 00:38:26,516 Nutrient-rich Saharan dust... 289 00:38:28,056 --> 00:38:30,104 carried in the raindrops... 290 00:38:35,271 --> 00:38:36,739 fertilises the soil... 291 00:38:44,405 --> 00:38:45,907 feeding the forest 292 00:38:46,032 --> 00:38:49,252 and helping to sustain more species of animals... 293 00:38:50,370 --> 00:38:54,341 than anywhere else on Earth. 294 00:39:04,968 --> 00:39:09,348 It was only with satellites that scientists were able to calculate 295 00:39:09,472 --> 00:39:13,443 that over 27 million tonnes of dust 296 00:39:13,560 --> 00:39:16,029 makes this journey every year. 297 00:39:19,148 --> 00:39:22,698 A gift that has helped to make these rainforests 298 00:39:22,819 --> 00:39:26,073 some of the most diverse on the planet. 299 00:39:31,661 --> 00:39:35,336 Ancient forces are at work across our planet. 300 00:39:37,458 --> 00:39:40,587 Their impact etched on the landscape. 301 00:39:53,433 --> 00:39:57,734 A 1,300-kilometre scar runs through California. 302 00:40:01,858 --> 00:40:03,360 The San Andreas fault. 303 00:40:07,238 --> 00:40:10,242 Created by the shifting of tectonic plates 304 00:40:10,366 --> 00:40:13,586 over the last 3O million years. 305 00:40:21,294 --> 00:40:22,887 The Grand Canyon... 306 00:40:25,298 --> 00:40:28,802 carved by the Colorado River over millennia. 307 00:40:32,013 --> 00:40:34,141 Now over a kilometre deep. 308 00:40:41,272 --> 00:40:45,527 And Uluru, Ayers Rock, in Australia 309 00:40:45,652 --> 00:40:48,075 has been eroded into an island of stone... 310 00:40:51,449 --> 00:40:54,248 over 500 million years. 311 00:40:59,791 --> 00:41:03,466 But now, we can see the Earth's surface transform 312 00:41:03,544 --> 00:41:05,888 in almost real time. 313 00:41:10,468 --> 00:41:12,345 In the South Pacific, 314 00:41:12,470 --> 00:41:13,687 two islands... 315 00:41:17,809 --> 00:41:19,482 become one. 316 00:41:28,361 --> 00:41:32,787 New land, formed in a matter of weeks... 317 00:41:34,951 --> 00:41:39,377 by the eruption of an underwater volcano. 318 00:41:47,296 --> 00:41:53,224 Satellites allow us to monitor dramatic change over time. 319 00:41:58,558 --> 00:42:00,401 And there's one change 320 00:42:00,518 --> 00:42:04,148 that fundamentally affects the lives of animals. 321 00:42:05,231 --> 00:42:06,699 The passing seasons. 322 00:42:14,574 --> 00:42:16,952 These are the Himalaya. 323 00:42:19,954 --> 00:42:24,175 A wall of rock stretching between India and China. 324 00:42:29,881 --> 00:42:31,724 When winter arrives, 325 00:42:31,841 --> 00:42:34,811 the Hengduan range in the east of the Himalaya 326 00:42:34,927 --> 00:42:36,645 becomes locked in ice. 327 00:42:44,020 --> 00:42:47,115 The temperature rarely rises above freezing. 328 00:42:52,403 --> 00:42:55,202 Most animals leave the mountains, 329 00:42:55,323 --> 00:42:58,827 choosing lower valleys to escape the extreme cold. 330 00:43:06,250 --> 00:43:07,547 But not all. 331 00:43:15,510 --> 00:43:18,013 Living 4,000 metres above sea level... 332 00:43:21,224 --> 00:43:25,149 Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys 333 00:43:25,269 --> 00:43:28,614 are the world's highest-living primate. 334 00:43:33,861 --> 00:43:35,534 With dense fur... 335 00:43:37,073 --> 00:43:40,998 and a shortened nose to avoid frostbite... 336 00:43:42,745 --> 00:43:44,839 they're built for the cold. 337 00:43:50,002 --> 00:43:52,050 This male is a year old. 338 00:43:56,300 --> 00:43:58,302 Without a full adult coat, 339 00:43:58,427 --> 00:44:01,897 he huddles close to his mother for warmth. 340 00:44:04,725 --> 00:44:06,602 In just a few months, 341 00:44:06,727 --> 00:44:10,402 he'll leave her side and go it alone. 342 00:44:14,610 --> 00:44:17,955 Before then, there are lessons to learn. 343 00:44:23,786 --> 00:44:25,163 The most important... 344 00:44:28,583 --> 00:44:29,755 to find food. 345 00:44:34,255 --> 00:44:37,805 While other animals head down the mountain to feed, 346 00:44:37,925 --> 00:44:41,850 the male must follow his family... 347 00:44:43,097 --> 00:44:44,269 up... 348 00:44:51,981 --> 00:44:53,824 500 metres... 349 00:44:56,068 --> 00:44:59,242 through some of the hardest terrain on Earth. 350 00:45:29,143 --> 00:45:31,271 The slopes are shrouded in shadow... 351 00:45:37,068 --> 00:45:40,072 but there is a little sunlight on the peaks. 352 00:45:41,405 --> 00:45:43,703 It takes the edge off the cold. 353 00:45:55,795 --> 00:45:57,889 But there's only lichen to eat. 354 00:46:10,685 --> 00:46:12,278 It will keep them alive. 355 00:46:13,479 --> 00:46:15,277 But it's far from a feast. 356 00:46:23,948 --> 00:46:27,953 These monkeys endure winter on these peaks for good reason... 357 00:46:30,913 --> 00:46:32,460 which becomes clear 358 00:46:32,581 --> 00:46:36,711 when you look down from space. 359 00:46:41,090 --> 00:46:44,185 Most of the Himalaya run west to east, 360 00:46:44,302 --> 00:46:47,897 forming a barrier to tropical air moving north. 361 00:46:51,017 --> 00:46:54,692 But the valleys of the Hengduans run north to south. 362 00:46:59,191 --> 00:47:01,785 This allows warm, moist air 363 00:47:01,861 --> 00:47:03,989 to funnel up the deep valleys. 364 00:47:12,121 --> 00:47:14,465 By combining satellite images... 365 00:47:18,961 --> 00:47:23,262 we can watch the mountains transform as spring arrives. 366 00:47:30,306 --> 00:47:34,152 The tropical air increases plant growth, 367 00:47:34,268 --> 00:47:36,441 creating a unique environment. 368 00:47:42,360 --> 00:47:47,207 Amongst the lush green, bursts of colour. 369 00:48:03,756 --> 00:48:08,478 Rhododendrons bloom in their thousands. 370 00:48:22,066 --> 00:48:23,909 By toughing it out, 371 00:48:24,026 --> 00:48:27,451 the monkeys are rewarded with a paradise. 372 00:48:34,120 --> 00:48:38,375 A secret kingdom where they can feed without competition. 373 00:48:46,424 --> 00:48:50,019 Sweet rhododendron nectar is a real treat. 374 00:49:06,610 --> 00:49:08,988 Spring brings new life to the troop. 375 00:49:18,038 --> 00:49:20,211 With the mother's hands full... 376 00:49:22,126 --> 00:49:25,300 it's this male's cue to start out on his own... 377 00:49:29,341 --> 00:49:31,309 making the most of this new world... 378 00:49:33,679 --> 00:49:36,808 before winter reclaims it again. 379 00:49:49,069 --> 00:49:53,666 While satellites allow us to explore Earth's most remote landscapes... 380 00:49:57,077 --> 00:49:59,876 we can also see our cities... 381 00:50:07,087 --> 00:50:09,010 find famous landmarks... 382 00:50:17,765 --> 00:50:21,269 and even ourselves. 383 00:50:29,652 --> 00:50:32,826 In Mecca, pilgrims from across the globe 384 00:50:32,947 --> 00:50:36,372 come together to worship during the hajj. 385 00:50:45,209 --> 00:50:47,052 In the UK, 386 00:50:47,169 --> 00:50:51,299 the green fields of Glastonbury transform 387 00:50:51,382 --> 00:50:54,056 into the world's most iconic festival. 388 00:50:59,932 --> 00:51:01,479 In the desert of Nevada... 389 00:51:03,561 --> 00:51:05,563 a crescent is formed 390 00:51:05,688 --> 00:51:08,567 by 50,000 revellers 391 00:51:08,691 --> 00:51:10,409 at Burning Man festival. 392 00:51:16,865 --> 00:51:19,914 And crowds gather in the Vatican 393 00:51:20,035 --> 00:51:22,788 to hear the Pope speak at Easter. 394 00:51:37,219 --> 00:51:39,392 In Central China... 395 00:51:40,848 --> 00:51:43,772 is the small city of Dengfeng. 396 00:51:47,187 --> 00:51:50,066 Amongst the shapes of buildings, 397 00:51:50,190 --> 00:51:52,818 bright red circles. 398 00:51:56,614 --> 00:51:59,367 Shaolin kung fu students. 399 00:52:19,720 --> 00:52:25,318 13-year-old Ching-Yiu Lam goes to a very different kind of school. 400 00:52:33,817 --> 00:52:36,070 The students here spend their school life 401 00:52:36,195 --> 00:52:40,792 mastering the art of Shaolin kung fu. 402 00:52:46,538 --> 00:52:49,007 Kung fu means hard training. 403 00:52:49,124 --> 00:52:54,130 And to be a champion takes years of dedication. 404 00:53:07,059 --> 00:53:09,278 As well as normal lessons, 405 00:53:09,395 --> 00:53:12,114 Ching-Yiu spends six hours a day... 406 00:53:13,732 --> 00:53:16,986 six days a week... 407 00:53:17,111 --> 00:53:20,035 learning multiple martial art disciplines. 408 00:53:33,752 --> 00:53:35,504 And all his training 409 00:53:35,629 --> 00:53:39,850 culminates in a very special performance. 410 00:54:01,280 --> 00:54:04,625 Ching-Yiu is part of a display so impressive... 411 00:54:10,122 --> 00:54:12,716 that while we film them on the ground... 412 00:54:14,793 --> 00:54:16,761 at the same moment, 413 00:54:16,879 --> 00:54:19,348 satellites capture the shapes they make. 414 00:54:47,326 --> 00:54:50,546 A series of precise kung fu moves... 415 00:54:54,041 --> 00:54:56,920 creating patterns visible far above. 416 00:55:00,464 --> 00:55:06,312 Thousands of students performing in perfect synchronicity. 417 00:55:47,427 --> 00:55:51,898 We first went into space to discover other worlds. 418 00:55:54,476 --> 00:55:56,854 But it's only when we look back 419 00:55:56,979 --> 00:56:02,531 that we realise just how special our home really is. 420 00:56:10,075 --> 00:56:11,122 Next time... 421 00:56:12,870 --> 00:56:16,249 the view from space reveals extraordinary landscapes... 422 00:56:19,418 --> 00:56:21,420 covered in strange shapes... 423 00:56:23,797 --> 00:56:25,549 and mysterious patterns. 424 00:56:31,722 --> 00:56:35,477 Water transforms Brazilian sand dunes. 425 00:56:40,564 --> 00:56:43,192 A lake in China disappears... 426 00:56:44,526 --> 00:56:46,278 leading to conflict. 427 00:56:50,449 --> 00:56:53,828 And the twists and turns of the Amazon 428 00:56:53,952 --> 00:56:56,956 are the last hope for vulnerable manatees. 429 00:57:02,336 --> 00:57:05,135 This is our home... 430 00:57:06,340 --> 00:57:09,310 as you've never seen it before. 430 00:57:10,305 --> 00:57:16,915 Support us and become VIP member to remove all ads from OpenSubtitles.org32467

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