Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:08,880 --> 00:00:13,320
From the blackness of space
our home is a blue planet.
2
00:00:20,440 --> 00:00:22,680
But now satellite cameras
3
00:00:22,680 --> 00:00:24,480
capture a kaleidoscope...
4
00:00:27,920 --> 00:00:30,360
..of extraordinary colours...
5
00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:36,520
..surprising...
6
00:00:38,320 --> 00:00:40,560
..and constantly changing...
7
00:00:48,840 --> 00:00:51,120
..created by natural phenomena...
8
00:00:54,080 --> 00:00:55,800
..by animals...
9
00:01:00,480 --> 00:01:02,400
..and by people.
10
00:01:18,000 --> 00:01:21,720
These colours are revealing
new insight into the health
11
00:01:21,720 --> 00:01:23,680
of our fragile planet...
12
00:01:28,600 --> 00:01:31,760
CLICKS AND CHIRPS
13
00:01:35,600 --> 00:01:38,280
..transforming our understanding
14
00:01:38,280 --> 00:01:40,600
of our colourful home.
15
00:02:04,200 --> 00:02:05,680
The aurora...
16
00:02:12,440 --> 00:02:15,360
..our planet's greatest
natural spectacle.
17
00:02:33,520 --> 00:02:37,560
Energy from the sun
interacts with our atmosphere...
18
00:02:42,960 --> 00:02:45,760
..creating colourful light.
19
00:02:56,440 --> 00:02:58,480
In the Arctic,
20
00:02:58,480 --> 00:03:01,720
ribbons of green flicker overhead.
21
00:03:18,800 --> 00:03:21,000
But from space,
22
00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:24,560
the aurora is even more spectacular.
23
00:03:33,240 --> 00:03:36,400
It was only by looking down on the
aurora
24
00:03:36,400 --> 00:03:40,640
that we discovered it forms rings
around the Earth's poles.
25
00:03:47,440 --> 00:03:52,720
The gentle ribbons become
towering vertical streaks
26
00:03:52,720 --> 00:03:54,960
hundreds of kilometres high.
27
00:04:03,120 --> 00:04:07,920
And scientists observed
a surprising colour.
28
00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:13,640
300km up in the atmosphere...
29
00:04:14,840 --> 00:04:16,800
..clearly visible from orbit...
30
00:04:20,520 --> 00:04:22,600
..the lights turn from green...
31
00:04:23,840 --> 00:04:25,640
..to red...
32
00:04:28,280 --> 00:04:31,720
..as solar particles react with
oxygen.
33
00:04:47,400 --> 00:04:50,600
The view from space
reveals the sheer scale
34
00:04:50,600 --> 00:04:54,280
and power of this interaction
35
00:04:54,280 --> 00:04:57,120
between our planet and the sun.
36
00:05:13,920 --> 00:05:18,280
Satellite cameras are giving us
a brand-new perspective
37
00:05:18,280 --> 00:05:22,320
on many of the Earth's most
extraordinary natural spectacles.
38
00:05:31,520 --> 00:05:35,720
It's spring and, off the coast of
Alaska,
39
00:05:35,720 --> 00:05:37,840
the ocean has been transformed.
40
00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:44,040
Vast swirls of green and
turquoise...
41
00:05:45,320 --> 00:05:47,920
..hundreds of kilometres across.
42
00:05:49,480 --> 00:05:53,880
A plankton bloom,
shaped by ocean currents.
43
00:05:57,040 --> 00:06:00,120
Despite their size,
these blooms are created
44
00:06:00,120 --> 00:06:03,800
by some of the tiniest life forms
on our planet.
45
00:06:13,280 --> 00:06:17,920
Microscopic plant-like organisms
have survived through the winter.
46
00:06:22,560 --> 00:06:27,480
And now they use the warming waters
and spring sunshine to multiply...
47
00:06:28,520 --> 00:06:30,760
..in their millions...
48
00:06:35,480 --> 00:06:39,880
..transforming the ocean on a scale
that can only be seen...
49
00:06:41,520 --> 00:06:43,120
..from space.
50
00:06:49,600 --> 00:06:54,440
Many different animals are dependent
on these blooms for their survival.
51
00:06:59,720 --> 00:07:03,480
This sea lion mother has given
birth.
52
00:07:05,680 --> 00:07:08,360
Her pup is just hours old.
53
00:07:13,800 --> 00:07:17,360
Spring means a baby boom...
54
00:07:32,720 --> 00:07:35,920
..coinciding with
the plankton blooms offshore.
55
00:07:42,200 --> 00:07:44,920
Plankton feed
shoals of millions of herring.
56
00:07:46,960 --> 00:07:50,960
A feast for mothers with hungry
pups.
57
00:07:58,280 --> 00:08:01,520
But these blooms form off the
coast...
58
00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:06,600
..and crossing open water is risky.
59
00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:39,720
The sea lions stay in close
formation, each keeping a lookout.
60
00:09:01,560 --> 00:09:05,320
Swimming away from the group
is dangerous.
61
00:09:21,840 --> 00:09:23,360
Killer whales.
62
00:09:26,920 --> 00:09:31,760
This pod are sea lion hunters
and time their arrival with the
bloom.
63
00:09:36,960 --> 00:09:39,040
Sea lions have a powerful bite...
64
00:09:41,760 --> 00:09:45,200
..but the killer whales' surprise
attacks aim to disable it
65
00:09:45,200 --> 00:09:47,320
so it cannot fight back.
66
00:09:53,080 --> 00:09:57,320
Stunned and immobilised,
there is no chance of escape.
67
00:10:05,480 --> 00:10:08,120
Fishing in these seas is dangerous.
68
00:10:08,120 --> 00:10:10,480
But it's worth the risk.
69
00:10:11,720 --> 00:10:14,000
The bloom will provide these mothers
70
00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:16,840
with enough fish to support
their hungry pups.
71
00:10:22,120 --> 00:10:25,000
All across the world's oceans,
72
00:10:25,000 --> 00:10:29,200
plankton blooms attract animals
in huge numbers.
73
00:10:33,800 --> 00:10:36,840
In the Aleutian Islands,
thousands of shearwaters
74
00:10:36,840 --> 00:10:39,480
launch a surface attack
75
00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:41,800
on vast shoals of fish...
76
00:10:58,560 --> 00:11:03,520
..while below, humpback whales
gorge on up to one and a half tonnes
a day.
77
00:11:07,440 --> 00:11:09,880
And in the shallow seas of South
Africa...
78
00:11:11,280 --> 00:11:15,160
..plankton feed millions of
sardines...
79
00:11:15,160 --> 00:11:17,680
..attracting one of the largest
gathering of predators...
80
00:11:17,680 --> 00:11:19,480
CLICKS AND CHIRPS
81
00:11:19,480 --> 00:11:21,960
..anywhere on Planet Earth.
82
00:11:58,440 --> 00:12:02,800
But these blooms don't just support
ocean food chains.
83
00:12:04,120 --> 00:12:08,080
The tiny plant-like organisms
also produce oxygen.
84
00:12:14,040 --> 00:12:16,600
By studying the scale of these
blooms...
85
00:12:21,200 --> 00:12:23,400
..scientists now calculate
86
00:12:23,400 --> 00:12:27,640
they create up to 50%
of the planet's oxygen.
87
00:12:33,600 --> 00:12:36,400
And so it's not just forests
88
00:12:36,400 --> 00:12:42,160
but these oceanic swirls of colour
that are the lungs of our world.
89
00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:54,680
From space, we can monitor
the surface of our planet
90
00:12:54,680 --> 00:12:56,720
and see where life thrives.
91
00:13:01,400 --> 00:13:04,840
But these cameras
also reveal worrying signs
92
00:13:04,840 --> 00:13:07,880
that the natural world is under
threat.
93
00:13:10,720 --> 00:13:15,840
In Greenland, the white of the
icecap is spotted with blue.
94
00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:21,120
The ice is melting.
95
00:13:27,200 --> 00:13:30,000
Temperatures are rising
due to climate change.
96
00:13:51,360 --> 00:13:55,600
Rivers of turquoise meltwater
are crisscrossing further...
97
00:13:55,600 --> 00:13:58,240
..and further over the ice.
98
00:14:12,440 --> 00:14:15,920
These rivers flow into
depressions on the icecap...
99
00:14:46,840 --> 00:14:52,600
..each one up to seven square
kilometres of sapphire blue.
100
00:15:22,040 --> 00:15:25,440
Scientists have combined
satellite images of these lakes
101
00:15:25,440 --> 00:15:27,200
taken over the summer months.
102
00:15:30,200 --> 00:15:35,120
They fill and empty again and again.
103
00:15:41,240 --> 00:15:45,120
Every year, billion of tonnes of
water
104
00:15:45,120 --> 00:15:49,000
drain off the icecap and into the
sea.
105
00:16:30,600 --> 00:16:33,040
The Greenland ice sheet may soon
become
106
00:16:33,040 --> 00:16:36,080
the largest contributor
to rising sea levels.
107
00:16:41,440 --> 00:16:45,080
260 billion tonnes of ice
108
00:16:45,080 --> 00:16:47,760
are lost every year.
109
00:16:55,600 --> 00:16:59,000
Hundreds of blue lakes
that tell us the icecap...
110
00:17:00,240 --> 00:17:03,680
..is shrinking faster
than we've ever known before.
111
00:17:21,400 --> 00:17:24,400
Satellite cameras
are revolutionising the way
112
00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:26,480
scientists study the natural world.
113
00:17:30,080 --> 00:17:32,600
The tiniest splash of colour...
114
00:17:32,600 --> 00:17:36,480
..can reveal animals
in Earth's most remote landscapes.
115
00:17:41,920 --> 00:17:43,120
In Antarctica...
116
00:17:44,680 --> 00:17:46,560
..a speck of red.
117
00:17:48,560 --> 00:17:51,080
Blood on the ice...
118
00:17:54,520 --> 00:17:58,440
..where a Weddell seal
has just given birth.
119
00:18:08,720 --> 00:18:12,440
The South Atlantic seas
surrounding Bird Island
120
00:18:12,440 --> 00:18:17,360
are so treacherous that satellites
are the safest way to study them.
121
00:18:20,320 --> 00:18:23,720
Scientists are looking
for these tiny white spots...
122
00:18:26,360 --> 00:18:29,160
BUBBLING BIRD CALLS
123
00:18:29,160 --> 00:18:34,040
..each a vulnerable, wandering
albatross.
124
00:18:57,080 --> 00:18:59,680
And on the Antarctic Danger
Islands...
125
00:19:03,160 --> 00:19:06,720
..patches of pink rock
have led to the discovery
126
00:19:06,720 --> 00:19:10,520
of one of the largest
penguin colonies on Earth.
127
00:19:15,600 --> 00:19:18,600
The activity of millions
of Adelie penguins
128
00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,000
has worn away the vegetation
completely.
129
00:19:23,280 --> 00:19:26,680
Scientists now use colour
to estimate just how many penguins
130
00:19:26,680 --> 00:19:29,760
live on these remote islands
131
00:19:29,760 --> 00:19:32,440
without ever having to set foot
there.
132
00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:40,680
In June, the lakeshores of
East Africa are flecked with pink.
133
00:19:49,480 --> 00:19:52,160
Flocks of thousands
of lesser flamingos.
134
00:19:53,360 --> 00:19:56,600
They gather here to find a mate...
135
00:20:09,160 --> 00:20:13,160
..which is a flamboyant affair.
136
00:20:21,800 --> 00:20:24,440
The flamingos perform elaborate
dances...
137
00:20:26,120 --> 00:20:29,160
..which help each bird
to decide on a partner...
138
00:20:38,160 --> 00:20:42,320
..although it's still not fully
understood how they make their
choice.
139
00:20:46,640 --> 00:20:48,920
It's not easy to find
your one in a million.
140
00:20:53,920 --> 00:20:56,080
But trying to stand out from the
crowd...
141
00:20:57,080 --> 00:20:59,000
..isn't the answer.
142
00:21:03,560 --> 00:21:06,080
Flamingos are not born pink.
143
00:21:11,160 --> 00:21:15,600
Their feathers are dyed by a red
chemical found in the algae that
they eat...
144
00:21:21,560 --> 00:21:26,160
..holding their breath as they
reach for food in the deeper water.
145
00:21:30,840 --> 00:21:36,440
Throughout the year, these
flamboyant flocks move from remote
lake to lake
146
00:21:36,440 --> 00:21:37,920
in search of food.
147
00:21:39,800 --> 00:21:43,000
Tracking them from the ground
is very difficult.
148
00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:53,160
But, from space, scientists can now
spot the pink as they arrive on
lakeshores...
149
00:21:56,680 --> 00:22:00,200
..monitoring their movements
and their numbers.
150
00:22:04,080 --> 00:22:08,160
But not all the colours
we can see from space are natural.
151
00:22:12,080 --> 00:22:15,840
Human activity can be
just as eye-catching.
152
00:22:25,920 --> 00:22:27,720
In Massachusetts,
153
00:22:27,720 --> 00:22:29,720
millions of cranberries
154
00:22:29,720 --> 00:22:31,760
are harvested from flooded ponds.
155
00:22:42,760 --> 00:22:45,560
In the deserts of Utah,
156
00:22:45,560 --> 00:22:48,160
bright blue mineral pools...
157
00:22:51,600 --> 00:22:55,040
..full of potash,
used to make fertiliser.
158
00:23:07,680 --> 00:23:09,800
In the Gobi Desert,
159
00:23:09,800 --> 00:23:13,120
millions of red-hot chillies
160
00:23:13,120 --> 00:23:15,000
dry in the sun.
161
00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:31,720
The Bay Area of San Francisco
is like a rainbow.
162
00:23:38,080 --> 00:23:42,480
Water in evaporation ponds -
163
00:23:42,480 --> 00:23:46,520
each colour a different stage
in the production of salt.
164
00:23:57,480 --> 00:24:02,720
In spring, the fields of Holland
are painted with barcode stripes.
165
00:24:17,400 --> 00:24:20,840
Millions of tulips.
166
00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:45,200
60% of all the world's tulips
are harvested from these fields.
167
00:24:55,200 --> 00:25:01,840
Within a few weeks, all the flowers
and their colours are gone.
168
00:25:12,640 --> 00:25:16,280
And every spring in south-west
China...
169
00:25:17,960 --> 00:25:21,560
..a vast area becomes bright
yellow...
170
00:25:27,440 --> 00:25:30,480
..as millions of rapeseed flowers...
171
00:25:30,480 --> 00:25:32,320
..bloom.
172
00:25:35,640 --> 00:25:41,280
These flowers will eventually
produce almost 20%
173
00:25:41,280 --> 00:25:43,280
of all the world's rapeseed oil.
174
00:26:04,560 --> 00:26:07,680
A colour transformation
on such a grand scale
175
00:26:07,680 --> 00:26:10,920
that the only way to capture it
in its entirety...
176
00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:14,400
..is from space.
177
00:26:46,800 --> 00:26:50,520
Mr Dai and his son are nomads.
178
00:26:52,200 --> 00:26:55,640
They've travelled across China
just in time for the bloom.
179
00:26:58,680 --> 00:27:01,080
But they're not here for the oil.
180
00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:15,720
They've come to make honey.
181
00:27:32,960 --> 00:27:35,560
But the weather is not on their
side.
182
00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:43,960
The view from space
is almost completely white.
183
00:27:45,400 --> 00:27:48,640
Thick cloud is blocking the sun.
184
00:27:52,920 --> 00:27:55,280
THUNDER RUMBLES
185
00:27:59,360 --> 00:28:02,960
It's just too cold for the bees to
fly.
186
00:28:32,800 --> 00:28:34,000
With a chill in the air...
187
00:28:35,320 --> 00:28:38,880
..these bees aren't going anywhere.
188
00:28:41,640 --> 00:28:44,280
And time is running out.
189
00:28:45,320 --> 00:28:47,400
In two weeks, the rapeseed farmers
190
00:28:47,400 --> 00:28:49,800
will spray pesticides over the
fields...
191
00:28:52,560 --> 00:28:55,480
..making it a dangerous place
for the bees.
192
00:28:56,680 --> 00:29:00,720
They must move on
before the spraying starts.
193
00:29:04,000 --> 00:29:07,240
All they can do is
sit and wait for the sun.
194
00:29:33,920 --> 00:29:38,960
After three grey days,
the clouds finally part...
195
00:29:53,560 --> 00:29:57,800
..and one and a half million bees
head out to work.
196
00:30:11,440 --> 00:30:13,680
HE LAUGHS
197
00:30:16,760 --> 00:30:21,800
They must visit two million flowers
to make just one jar of honey.
198
00:30:43,120 --> 00:30:44,920
The bees drink the sugary nectar
199
00:30:44,920 --> 00:30:47,160
from the flowers they visit...
200
00:30:52,680 --> 00:30:58,040
..and transfer it to the hive,
where it becomes honey.
201
00:31:03,280 --> 00:31:06,480
Food for the long winter months.
202
00:31:10,200 --> 00:31:13,240
But bees are more than
just honey makers.
203
00:31:14,480 --> 00:31:18,000
They are one of the world's
most important crop pollinators...
204
00:31:19,400 --> 00:31:23,760
..helping plants produce
fruits, seeds and vegetables.
205
00:31:42,840 --> 00:31:45,520
But now pesticides are contributing
206
00:31:45,520 --> 00:31:48,880
to a worldwide decline
in the number of honeybees,
207
00:31:48,880 --> 00:31:52,200
and their future is under threat.
208
00:32:00,120 --> 00:32:02,960
Mr Dai's window of opportunity
is short...
209
00:32:06,760 --> 00:32:10,240
..but the bees have been hard at
work.
210
00:32:12,920 --> 00:32:15,120
He has plenty of honey.
211
00:32:17,880 --> 00:32:20,440
HE LAUGHS
212
00:32:30,360 --> 00:32:32,400
And not a moment too soon.
213
00:32:34,640 --> 00:32:37,120
The fields will be sprayed in two
days.
214
00:32:38,080 --> 00:32:39,520
It's time to move on.
215
00:33:04,200 --> 00:33:06,520
The effect of the passing seasons
216
00:33:06,520 --> 00:33:09,360
can be seen right across
the Earth's surface.
217
00:33:13,680 --> 00:33:16,240
Rain transforms a Californian
desert.
218
00:33:23,840 --> 00:33:28,640
In New England, autumn changes
the landscape from green to russet
red.
219
00:33:34,520 --> 00:33:38,000
And heavy snowfall
covers all of the British Isles.
220
00:33:46,760 --> 00:33:50,880
In some places, these seasonal
changes are so dramatic...
221
00:33:51,920 --> 00:33:54,640
..that surviving them is a
challenge.
222
00:34:00,560 --> 00:34:04,840
Each winter, these Japanese islands
turn from green...
223
00:34:06,040 --> 00:34:08,080
..to bright white.
224
00:34:16,040 --> 00:34:20,000
Some of the deepest snowfall
anywhere on Earth.
225
00:34:30,040 --> 00:34:33,840
It takes powerful machines
to clear the mountain passes...
226
00:34:37,120 --> 00:34:40,960
..creating walls of snow
up to 20 metres high.
227
00:34:45,240 --> 00:34:47,280
For one forest species...
228
00:34:48,520 --> 00:34:51,960
..such a complete change
in the landscape
229
00:34:51,960 --> 00:34:55,200
requires an equally radical
survival strategy.
230
00:35:02,920 --> 00:35:05,240
A solitary squirrel.
231
00:35:09,520 --> 00:35:12,280
At just half the size
of a grey squirrel...
232
00:35:13,560 --> 00:35:17,720
..this female is small enough
to fit in the palm of a hand.
233
00:35:23,120 --> 00:35:28,120
She spends most of the year
alone in the treetops.
234
00:35:31,800 --> 00:35:35,200
Being light allows her
to reach nutritious buds
235
00:35:35,200 --> 00:35:37,480
at the very tips of the branches.
236
00:35:42,040 --> 00:35:45,560
But at this time of year,
there's very little to eat.
237
00:35:50,280 --> 00:35:54,440
And the deep snow
makes it hard to get around.
238
00:35:58,160 --> 00:36:01,400
But she has a strategy.
239
00:36:03,320 --> 00:36:05,240
Flight.
240
00:36:08,760 --> 00:36:14,800
Siberian flying squirrels can glide
up to 50 metres from tree to tree
241
00:36:14,800 --> 00:36:16,040
in search of food.
242
00:36:22,160 --> 00:36:25,480
But even with this useful
adaptation,
243
00:36:25,480 --> 00:36:29,640
it's a struggle to consume
enough calories to keep warm.
244
00:36:32,000 --> 00:36:34,600
For many years, scientists wondered
245
00:36:34,600 --> 00:36:38,800
how this tiny animal copes
in the harsh winter months...
246
00:36:43,720 --> 00:36:47,240
..until they discovered
that this squirrel...
247
00:36:47,240 --> 00:36:49,560
..changes its behaviour.
248
00:36:55,320 --> 00:36:57,120
Throughout much of the year,
249
00:36:57,120 --> 00:37:00,560
Siberian flying squirrels
are solitary animals.
250
00:37:05,600 --> 00:37:09,520
But now she needs extra body heat.
251
00:37:15,520 --> 00:37:17,680
And another female in her
territory...
252
00:37:19,000 --> 00:37:21,200
..is her chance.
253
00:37:30,800 --> 00:37:33,600
The new female is welcomed into her
den.
254
00:37:39,800 --> 00:37:44,800
They will spend the winter together,
sharing body heat to survive the
cold...
255
00:37:47,800 --> 00:37:53,160
..parting ways when the island
once again transforms.
256
00:38:01,680 --> 00:38:03,120
The passing seasons
257
00:38:03,120 --> 00:38:06,920
have been changing the colours
of our planet for millennia.
258
00:38:14,360 --> 00:38:16,280
But off the coast of Australia...
259
00:38:17,560 --> 00:38:22,760
..satellites are monitoring
a more sudden and alarming change.
260
00:38:27,000 --> 00:38:28,840
The Great Barrier Reef.
261
00:38:32,720 --> 00:38:36,200
At over 2,000 kilometres long,
262
00:38:36,200 --> 00:38:38,480
the sheer scale of this habitat
263
00:38:38,480 --> 00:38:41,480
makes satellites the best way
to appreciate it.
264
00:38:51,480 --> 00:38:55,280
It's thought that the reef has
hugged the coastline of east
Australia
265
00:38:55,280 --> 00:38:57,720
for thousands of years.
266
00:39:03,240 --> 00:39:06,640
But now it's changing.
267
00:39:24,360 --> 00:39:28,560
This is an image of the reef in
2016.
268
00:39:34,720 --> 00:39:37,600
A year later, its colour is gone.
269
00:39:39,560 --> 00:39:43,840
Earth's changing climate
is warming the waters,
270
00:39:43,840 --> 00:39:45,760
affecting the reef...
271
00:39:47,680 --> 00:39:49,920
..and bleaching its colour.
272
00:40:01,320 --> 00:40:05,360
Healthy reef coral is made up
of three different elements.
273
00:40:10,680 --> 00:40:13,000
A hard limestone skeleton...
274
00:40:16,160 --> 00:40:19,160
..soft coral polyps
that live inside the skeleton...
275
00:40:20,440 --> 00:40:24,840
..and microscopic algae
that gives the coral its beautiful
colour.
276
00:40:27,720 --> 00:40:31,720
But the waters surrounding the reef
are now getting warmer.
277
00:40:33,840 --> 00:40:37,720
And this can cause the tiny,
colourful algae in the coral...
278
00:40:39,280 --> 00:40:41,120
..to become toxic.
279
00:40:46,840 --> 00:40:51,520
The corals become stressed
by these toxins...
280
00:40:51,520 --> 00:40:55,160
..swelling up to three times
their normal size...
281
00:40:57,600 --> 00:41:02,280
..before ejecting a cloud
of the tiny, coloured algae
282
00:41:02,280 --> 00:41:03,880
out of their bodies.
283
00:41:31,520 --> 00:41:35,800
In just two years,
these beautiful coral gardens...
284
00:41:36,920 --> 00:41:38,840
..lost their colour.
285
00:41:52,240 --> 00:41:54,640
The coral becomes overgrown by
algae.
286
00:42:10,120 --> 00:42:12,600
..and then crumbles.
287
00:42:19,520 --> 00:42:23,080
On the northern reefs,
more than 80% of the coral
288
00:42:23,080 --> 00:42:25,640
has bleached due to warming waters.
289
00:42:34,080 --> 00:42:38,440
This has tragic consequences
for the thousands of animals
290
00:42:38,440 --> 00:42:40,600
that make the reef their home...
291
00:42:49,520 --> 00:42:53,200
..including one
that's only just been discovered.
292
00:42:56,640 --> 00:43:00,880
Every winter, visitors emerge
from the deep blue.
293
00:43:06,840 --> 00:43:12,400
CLICKS AND CHIRPS
294
00:43:12,400 --> 00:43:14,880
Dwarf minke whales...
295
00:43:29,160 --> 00:43:31,960
..first discovered here in the
1980s.
296
00:43:33,880 --> 00:43:36,800
Each whale has its own unique
markings...
297
00:43:39,440 --> 00:43:43,160
HIGH, EXTENDED CALL
298
00:43:43,160 --> 00:43:47,600
..and a very distinct and unusual
song.
299
00:43:47,600 --> 00:43:50,640
REPEATED CHIRP
300
00:44:04,680 --> 00:44:07,520
It's this calf's first visit
to the reef...
301
00:44:09,920 --> 00:44:11,640
..brought here by her mother.
302
00:44:25,360 --> 00:44:26,840
At eight metres,
303
00:44:26,840 --> 00:44:30,600
the adult whales are one of
the largest animals on the reef.
304
00:44:33,920 --> 00:44:38,520
But, despite their size, we still
know very little about them.
305
00:44:43,120 --> 00:44:46,000
It seems they come to the reef
to socialise.
306
00:44:47,280 --> 00:44:51,000
And scientists are now using
satellite tagging technology...
307
00:44:52,520 --> 00:44:54,800
..to follow the whales' movements.
308
00:45:05,000 --> 00:45:06,400
They slowly head south...
309
00:45:07,440 --> 00:45:11,360
..before disappearing
into deeper waters.
310
00:45:19,400 --> 00:45:21,880
But if the reef changes,
311
00:45:21,880 --> 00:45:26,480
we may lose our chance to learn more
about these mysterious animals.
312
00:45:40,560 --> 00:45:45,800
In 2017, two thirds of the reef
suffered bleaching.
313
00:45:50,280 --> 00:45:54,840
That's more than 1,500km
of coral.
314
00:45:56,200 --> 00:45:59,040
If the oceans continue to warm
at this rate,
315
00:45:59,040 --> 00:46:02,480
then the coral will struggle to
recover,
316
00:46:02,480 --> 00:46:06,960
and one of the world's most
important and colourful habitats...
317
00:46:07,960 --> 00:46:09,080
..will be lost.
318
00:46:19,360 --> 00:46:23,000
Human activity is changing our
planet.
319
00:46:27,800 --> 00:46:31,320
This is never more apparent
than at night.
320
00:46:35,080 --> 00:46:41,360
Now even the darkest nights glow
with the light of our cities and
towns.
321
00:46:49,840 --> 00:46:53,560
The Thames snakes black
through the centre of London.
322
00:46:56,400 --> 00:46:58,280
Lights hug the bay of Tokyo...
323
00:47:00,880 --> 00:47:06,240
..while China's largest city,
Shanghai, glows bright.
324
00:47:09,120 --> 00:47:15,360
In some places, even the darkest
oceans are lit by mysterious
colours.
325
00:47:17,040 --> 00:47:20,640
Blue lights in the straits of
Taiwan...
326
00:47:26,600 --> 00:47:31,320
..a huge trail of green
in the waters off Japan...
327
00:47:41,640 --> 00:47:46,680
..and off the coast of South
America, a strange, glowing shape...
328
00:47:48,280 --> 00:47:50,560
..hundreds of bright spots
329
00:47:50,560 --> 00:47:54,440
lined up along the very edge
of Argentina's waters.
330
00:48:33,640 --> 00:48:37,440
The lights from a fleet
of squid fishing boats...
331
00:48:40,320 --> 00:48:43,760
..gathered here for an ocean
bonanza.
332
00:48:49,280 --> 00:48:51,920
Every night across the world's
oceans,
333
00:48:51,920 --> 00:48:56,840
millions of squid rise from the deep
to feed near the surface...
334
00:49:23,360 --> 00:49:26,640
..navigating upwards from the
dark...
335
00:49:27,840 --> 00:49:30,280
..toward the light of the moon.
336
00:49:47,760 --> 00:49:49,800
Here in Argentina,
337
00:49:49,800 --> 00:49:54,480
fishermen take advantage by flooding
the ocean with powerful electric
light...
338
00:49:58,280 --> 00:50:00,160
..mimicking the moon
339
00:50:00,160 --> 00:50:02,880
and drawing the squid to their
boats.
340
00:50:09,160 --> 00:50:12,920
Fishing this way is permitted
in international waters.
341
00:50:15,000 --> 00:50:19,760
But overfishing is leading to
many species becoming endangered.
342
00:50:29,640 --> 00:50:33,400
The Argentine coastguard
police these waters.
343
00:50:33,400 --> 00:50:37,880
Practising nightly drills means they
are always ready to intercept
illegal boats.
344
00:50:42,600 --> 00:50:46,040
It's a huge challenge
for Captain Carlos Apablaza.
345
00:50:47,880 --> 00:50:52,960
There can be as many as 400 boats
here, across a vast area of ocean.
346
00:50:56,440 --> 00:50:59,680
They are all required
to carry a satellite beacon
347
00:50:59,680 --> 00:51:01,800
so the captain can keep track of
them.
348
00:51:23,000 --> 00:51:25,840
A new satellite update comes in.
349
00:51:31,360 --> 00:51:35,000
A rogue fishing boat
has turned off its satellite beacon
350
00:51:35,000 --> 00:51:37,760
in an attempt to go off-grid.
351
00:51:41,120 --> 00:51:44,720
It was last seen heading towards
Argentinian waters.
352
00:51:53,880 --> 00:51:56,360
ALARM BELL RINGS
353
00:51:56,360 --> 00:52:01,000
Captain Apablaza sets a course
to intercept the rogue vessel.
354
00:52:03,600 --> 00:52:07,440
But it looks as if the boat has also
turned off its fishing lights...
355
00:52:08,560 --> 00:52:13,800
..attempting to sneak over the
border unseen, where the squid are
plentiful.
356
00:52:15,640 --> 00:52:19,560
In the night,
there's a real risk of collision.
357
00:52:27,800 --> 00:52:29,440
HORN BLARES
358
00:52:36,800 --> 00:52:40,200
But it looks like the fishing boat
has escaped them.
359
00:52:48,720 --> 00:52:51,360
Suddenly, their luck changes.
360
00:52:52,440 --> 00:52:57,400
A newly updated satellite picture
has relocated the rogue vessel.
361
00:53:00,120 --> 00:53:03,320
By analysing photographs
taken from space...
362
00:53:05,600 --> 00:53:10,280
..it's now possible to spot the
lights of a single boat away from
the fleet.
363
00:53:24,200 --> 00:53:28,480
Captain Apablaza orders his crew
to issue a warning.
364
00:53:30,400 --> 00:53:35,360
This is Argentine coastguard ship
Prefecto Derbes calling you. Over.
365
00:54:01,080 --> 00:54:04,320
MESSAGE OVER RADIO
366
00:54:04,320 --> 00:54:06,760
Senor capitan, informo se avista...
367
00:54:06,760 --> 00:54:10,600
This is often enough
to persuade rogue vessels
368
00:54:10,600 --> 00:54:15,440
to change course away from
Argentinian waters and back to the
fleet.
369
00:54:37,240 --> 00:54:40,640
Satellite technology
is more important than ever
370
00:54:40,640 --> 00:54:42,640
to help combat illegal fishing...
371
00:54:46,000 --> 00:54:48,360
..and protect our oceans.
372
00:55:14,200 --> 00:55:18,440
The view from space has forever
changed the way we see our planet.
373
00:55:23,120 --> 00:55:27,600
Satellites give us a new perspective
on its greatest...
374
00:55:27,600 --> 00:55:30,000
..and most beautiful spectacles...
375
00:55:33,480 --> 00:55:35,880
..allowing us to make new
discoveries.
376
00:55:40,360 --> 00:55:44,040
We can watch landscapes
change through the seasons...
377
00:55:46,280 --> 00:55:51,280
..and marvel in the scale
of their transformations.
378
00:55:55,800 --> 00:55:58,880
Now satellites are a powerful tool
379
00:55:58,880 --> 00:56:02,080
with which to monitor
the health of our planet...
380
00:56:02,080 --> 00:56:05,560
..see where life is thriving...
381
00:56:07,240 --> 00:56:09,800
..but, crucially,
where it is under threat.
382
00:56:12,040 --> 00:56:14,200
And as we have a greater impact,
383
00:56:14,200 --> 00:56:19,000
never has it been more important
to protect our colourful home.
384
00:56:25,560 --> 00:56:27,200
Next time...
385
00:56:27,200 --> 00:56:31,360
We are changing our planet.
386
00:56:38,040 --> 00:56:39,600
As cities grow...
387
00:56:41,120 --> 00:56:44,400
..natural resources shrink...
388
00:56:49,600 --> 00:56:54,720
..and Earth's surface changes
faster than ever in human history...
389
00:56:56,080 --> 00:56:57,280
..only from space...
390
00:56:58,800 --> 00:57:03,240
...can we fully appreciate
the impact we're having...
391
00:57:03,240 --> 00:57:06,280
..on our fragile home.
392
00:57:09,360 --> 00:57:14,000
The Open University has produced a
poster, exploring Earth from Space.
393
00:57:14,000 --> 00:57:19,040
To order your free copy, call...
394
00:57:19,040 --> 00:57:24,000
Or go to...
395
00:57:24,000 --> 00:57:26,240
..and follow the links to
the Open University.
31907
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.