All language subtitles for Adam Ruins Everything s01e04 Forensic Science.eng

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CRIME SCENE EXPERTISE:
SPECIAL MURDER UNIT

Start talking, Cormac.

Homicide. The victim is a man
in his thirties. Five shots.

Cause of death ... lead poisoning.

Good.

The fatal injury was
through the right eye.

So he didn't even see what was coming.

Take it easy, Nash. The guy is dead.

We caught a guy loafing around
near the crime scene. 11

Is this the guy?

Hi! Did you know that modern handcuffs
were invented in 1812?

Hi! Did you know that modern handcuffs
were invented in 1812?

You have the right to stay -

You have the right to stay -

Shut up?

I wish.

I'm Adam Conover, and this one ...

It's Adam Ruins Everything.

LOS ANGELES POLICE STATION

You're not jealous of Cormac having
to stay in the room with that guy. 23

That is the problem.
He doesn't shut up.

... and that's why the US
should adopt the metric system.

... and that's why the US
should adopt the metric system.

... and that's why the US
should adopt the metric system.

Besides, I don't
I killed that guy. So ...

Besides, I don't
I killed that guy. So ...

Know. Say that to the detector
of lies, you maniac.

Really ?!

Do you still use this?

Yes.

Do you have a problem with that?
35 00:01:38,332 --> 00:01:39,631

Yes. Because they are good for nothing.

Didn't you know?

The polygraph is 100% seniority
pseudoscientific.

You know, in the Dark Ages they forced
criminals holding a red-hot iron

You know, in the Dark Ages they forced
criminals holding a red-hot iron

You know, in the Dark Ages they forced
criminals holding a red-hot iron

to see if they burned.

If they burned themselves, they wanted
say they were lying. 44

Already lying?

But the modern polygraph
It's as ridiculous as that.

But the modern polygraph
It's as ridiculous as that.

People are complicated.

The truth is not something you
can detect with a machine.

Ah ?

So what is he detecting, plate?

Beats, blood pressure,
breath, sweat.

Beats, blood pressure,
breath, sweat.

These dirty and sweaty liars!

And why is necessarily sweatywould indicate that you are lying?

And why is necessarily sweaty
would indicate that you are lying?

You could only have
Just done crossfit.

Fifty ... Fifty-one ...

You're lying, beast.

You're lying!

You're lying!

Hey, stop rolling, munchy.

Hey, stop rolling, munchy.

Honest people can fail the test
just for being sweaty or nervous.

Honest people can fail the test
just for being sweaty or nervous.

Honest people can fail the testjust for being sweaty or nervous.

And all you need
to pass look good

And all you need
to pass look good

and keep the beats stable.

Criminals do this all the time. Look:

Gary Ridgeway, the Green River Killer.

Gary Ridgeway, the Green River Killer.

The Soviet spy Aldrich Ames.

And serial killer Charles Cullen,

Also known as the Angel of Death.

Also known as the Angel of Death.

They are monsters.
78 00:02:56,177 --> 00:02:58,600

just because they're expensive
laid back with a calm temperament.

just because they're expensive
laid back with a calm temperament.

just because they're expensive
laid back with a calm temperament.

It's so easy to cheat the polygraph that
There are courses teaching how to do it.

It's so easy to cheat the polygraph that
There are courses teaching how to do it.

It's so easy to cheat the polygraph thatThere are courses teaching how to do it.

Really?

Whatever, asshole. That is your opinion.

Whatever, asshole. That is your opinion.

I hate to disappoint you, but the inventor himself
He thought he was a fake.

I hate to disappoint you, but the inventor himself
He thought he was a fake.

I hate to disappoint you, but the inventor himself
He thought he was a fake.

Hey fucker, sit down
or I will call reinforcements!

Hey fucker, sit down
or I will call reinforcements! 93

comes from academic sources.

The polygraph was invented in 1921 by a
Medical student named John Larson.

The polygraph was invented in 1921 by a
Medical student named John Larson.

The polygraph was invented in 1921 by a
Medical student named John Larson.

I bet I'll never go
regret inventing it.

I bet I'll never go
regret inventing it.

He would regret
to have invented it. 101

Larson was so horrified
with unscientific use

Larson was so horrified
with unscientific use

that the authorities gave to your device

who even said that the machine
was a "Frankenstein Monster".

who even said that the machine
was a "Frankenstein Monster".

Enough!

It's a lie!

It's a lie!

Damn it!

But nobody called and since
so people insist

But nobody called and sinceso people insist

that the polygraph is capable of
most unbelievable things.

that the polygraph is capable of
most unbelievable things.

that the polygraph is capable of
most unbelievable things.

In the 1960s, a polygraph expert
conducted plant tests and concluded that ...

In the 1960s, a polygraph expert
conducted plant tests and concluded that ...

In the 1960s, a polygraph expert
conducted plant tests and concluded that ... 119

They say they are cooperating,

but when mom says no
agree to take the polygraph test,

This raises some suspicions.

He is lying.

During your relationship

have you ever had relations
have sex with another woman?

have you ever had relations
have sex with another woman?

You said no but the detector
determined that he was lying.

You said no but the detector
determined that he was lying. 137

that now everyone believes
on it, although it doesn't work.

that now everyone believes
on it, although it doesn't work.

And this shit goes on
inserted into our legal system.

And this shit goes on
inserted into our legal system.

And this shit goes on
inserted into our legal system.

Massachusetts uses him to
establish probable cause.

Massachusetts uses him to
establish probable cause. 145

Florida requires that aggressors
sexual partners take the test.

The combined police organs
test over 70,000 people a year

The combined police organs
test over 70,000 people a year

with this secular piece of pseudoscience.

with this secular piece of pseudoscience.

Listen here, Conover.
Do you want to know the truth?

Listen here, Conover.
Do you want to know the truth?

We know it doesn't work.

We just use it tofool naive criminals

We just use it to
fool naive criminals

to make them confess.

Are you happy now?

T , because now everyone knows that,
so you can no longer fool anyone.

T , because now everyone knows that,
so you can no longer fool anyone.

T , because now everyone knows that,
so you can no longer fool anyone.

Listen, you fucking bird!

Breaking News ...

An eyewitness sawthis clown at the crime scene.

An eyewitness saw
this clown at the crime scene.

Boy, you better put your reading glasses ...

Boy, you better put your reading glasses ...

You will need to read the penal code.

You will need to read the penal code.

- Oh, what a nice twist.

Too bad eyewitnesses
They are completely unreliable.

Too bad eyewitnesses
They are completely unreliable.

The truth is that our
memories are not reliable. 173

Local Bar, 13:00

What can I serve you?

How about a dose of facts?

Detective Nash and Detective Cormac.

Los Angeles Police.
Special Assassination Division.

Would you mind if we did
some questions?

Would you mind if we did
some questions?

Not if I can keep running
visually interesting tasks.

Not if I can keep running
visually interesting tasks. 183

Alright, go on.

What did you see in the alley last night?

What did you see in the alley last night?

I clearly remember.

There was this stylish guy,
with a very high tuft.

Killed another guy in broad daylight.

It was a massacre.

Is this the guy?

� This guy really is.
And this one is you.

That is enough for me.

Yes, for me too.

But it should not be enough.

We think of our
memories like perfect records, 197

are misrepresented stories that our
brain keeps telling itself.

are misrepresented stories that our
brain keeps telling itself.

I find that hard to believe.

Let me demonstrate.

Detective Nash, what's your
favorite memory of your childhood.

Ah, I remember like it was yesterday.

The school piece.

She was called "The Scary Halloween."

She was called "The Scary Halloween."
207 00:06:56,250 --> 00:06:57,900

The theater was packed.

I was nervous but
I went on stage and said my text.

I was nervous but
I went on stage and said my text.

"Looks like I'm going to have to find a sinister."

"Looks like I'm going to have to find a sinister."

It was a success.

Since then I knew that
wanted to solve crimes

Since then I knew that
wanted to solve crimes

and make puns about
for the rest of my life. 217

At the entrance, I
I could see my negligent father.

At the entrance, I
I could see my negligent father.

He can finally come to see me play.

He can finally come to see me play.

Dad didn't understand my taste for
word games ... until that moment.

How touching.

Too bad it's not even remotely
what really happened.

Too bad it's not even remotely
what really happened.

What?
227 00:07:35,022 --> 00:07:36,154

Firstly, you
He was not wearing dark glasses.

You were dressed like an ordinary child.

You were dressed like an ordinary child.

And his speech was actually:

Look! A ghost!

So why do I remember it any other way?

Every time you told the story,
you added a detail

and subconsciously adjusted the narration
depending on the audience you had.

and subconsciously adjusted the narrationdepending on the audience you had.

Maybe to try to impress you ...

No one had ever seen
such a funny child ...

or so scary.

Maybe to make him laugh ...

"Sinister".

Hey, it's not like I'm
a ghost worker!

Hey, it's not like I'm
a ghost worker!

Good!

Or maybe because they asked you for you
be in an episode of a TV show.

Ah, I remember like it was yesterday.

The school piece.
248 00:08:19,867 --> 00:08:23,600

but because that's how the
Brain behaves.

He adds details
to fill in the gaps.

But what about my mean dad
arriving at the last moment?

But what about my mean dad
arriving at the last moment?

Ah, you are just remembering
from the end of the movie Billy Elliot.

Your father was there. Was
he who recorded the tape.

In fact, he supported you a lot.

Oh, my personal narrative!
257 00:08:39,820 --> 00:08:40,652

Who do you think you are? A psychologist?

No, but I am.

And he is right.

Ah, guys, this is Elizabeth Loftus.

She is a teacher at UC Irvine and is a
pioneer in the search for false memories.

ELIZABETH LOFTUS
Teacher University of California Irvine

and is a pioneer in
search for false memories.

Elizabeth, tell them how easy it is
influence memory. This is so cool. 266

I conducted a study where we showed
simulated car accidents

and even if they were minor accidents,
asking the right questions

we could make people remember
that the cars were running

more than they really were and "remember"
of seeing broken glass in place

more than they really were and "remember"
of seeing broken glass in place

more than they really were and "remember"
of seeing broken glass in place 273

although, in fact, not
there is no fragment.

And we need to keep in mind that
when people remember something

they can have a lot of
details, a lot of confidence,

they can have a lot of
details, a lot of confidence,

and a lot of emotion

even
this story never happened.

even
this story never happened.

This is crazy!

How can our brainsmix things up so fast.

How can our brains
mix things up so fast.

Because our memories are not
work like cameras

Because our memories are not
work like cameras

who are recording this program.

That's right. They work harder
as a Wikipedia page,

That's right. They work harder
as a Wikipedia page,

that you can access to edit,
but other people too.

And that has real consequences.
to the police forces 291

because a police officer may unintentionally
ask suggestive questions

and influence the memories of
witness being interviewed.

Come on, I'll show you guys.

Mrs.

You have to pay.

I already paid, remember?

Oh really.

Wait!

In line, please.

Even when you have no intention,

police unconsciously influence and alter
the memory of witnesses all the time.

Which of these guys stole your purse?
304 00:10:26,193 --> 00:10:27,626

Him. The eye patch guy.

Him. The eye patch guy.

Are you sure?

Yes, I remember him.

No. He is not a criminal.

It's my friend Larry.

He just looks scary for
cause of injury to the cornea.

He just looks scary for
cause of injury to the cornea.

Hi Larry. How's your eye?

No big deal, man. The doctor
told me to come back after two weeks

and I don't have enough medicine.
I have no health plan.

and I don't have enough medicine.I have no health plan.

and I don't have enough medicine.
I have no health plan.

You know a lot -

God, this guy talks too much.

But the eyewitness �
the foundation of police work.

But the eyewitness �
the foundation of police work.

I know, and that's why it's a
damn that our memories

just be unreliable.

It's from the forensic lab.

Looks like they found the fingerprints
Conover's at the crime scene.

Looks like they found the fingerprintsConover's at the crime scene.

And there are no two identical fingerprints.

And there are no two identical fingerprints.

If you want, you can take off your suit. You already
managed to leave a good "impression".

If you want, you can take off your suit. You already
managed to leave a good "impression".

What? Can't I play too?

In fact it has never been proven.

This digital thing
It is not a confirmed fact.

I'll kill you.

I'll kill you!

Expertise LaboratorySpecial Murder Unit

- Do your magic, Macy.
- I just have to detail ...

And detail ...

And detail ...
Oops!

I detailed too much.

Unfold .

The fingerprints check. Couldn't
be no other person.

To start ...

"Detailing" does not exist.

Digital photos have a limited resolution.

You can't just scream at the
computer to get more details.

Second, there is no proof
scientific evidence that fingerprints are unique. 348

Second, there is no proof
scientific evidence that fingerprints are unique.

Enough, Conover!

Everyone knows that there are no
two fingerprints alike.

Everyone knows that there are no
two fingerprints alike.

They are like snowflakes.

Oh, funny you mention that.

Oh, funny you mention that.

In the 1980s, a researcher
found two snowflakes 357

exactly the same format -

E, smart guy, focuses
in digital, OK?

E, smart guy, focuses
in digital, OK?

You're right. I'll save this
For the Christmas episode.

You're right. I'll save this
For the Christmas episode.

This cliché of "no two fingerprints
identical "there's nothing scientific about it.

This cliché of "no two fingerprints
identical "there's nothing scientific about it. 365

It's just something a guy said in 1892.

My name is Sir Francis Galton.

I declare that the chances
of two specific individuals

I declare that the chances
of two specific individuals

have the same fingerprints - very tiny.

have the same fingerprints - very tiny.

Well, he seems to be quite respectable.

Well, he seems to be quite respectable.

I also invented eugenics.

My God! Get this guy out of here!
376 00:12:43,530 --> 00:12:45,430

Today, Galton's guess
it's common sense

and everybody thinks digital
They are unfailing evidence of guilt.

and everybody thinks digital
They are unfailing evidence of guilt.

But they are not.

Take the case of Brandon Mayfiled.

He was arrested for an attack
the bomb to a train from Madrid

He was arrested for an attack
the bomb to a train from Madrid

after experts
worldwide in digital printing 385

swear his fingerprint matched perfectly
with one found at the crime scene.

swear his fingerprint matched perfectly
with one found at the crime scene.

But she wasn't mine.

I'm a lawyer in Oregon.

I never stepped in Spain.

Ah, you should go. It's beautiful!

Ah, you should go. It's beautiful!

But why do people thinkthat it's impossible to make mistakes with fingerprints,

But why do people think
that it's impossible to make mistakes with fingerprints,

The FBI kept Mayfield detained for weeks.

The FBI kept Mayfield detained for weeks.

I'm not really Brandon.

I'm not really Brandon.

I'm an actor.

Hey! Let me out--

And even after committing this
mistake, federal agents still claim

that the impressions
fingerprints are infallible proof.

that the impressionsfingerprints are infallible proof.

Of course they are infallible. Because
We have these cool computers.

Of course they are infallible. Because
We have these cool computers.

Of course they are infallible. Because
We have these cool computers.

Of course, on TV you have.

But in real life, it's like this here.

But in real life, it's like this here.

That's how an analyst of
Real digital works.

Wait a minute, these fingerprints
they all look blurry.

Does she check with the naked eye?
This is insane! 413

Digitalis taken from scenes of
crime are often incomplete.

And the final stage of verification is not
made by computers but by people.

That means there's a lot
space for error and bias.

That means there's a lot
space for error and bias.

It has been proven that analysts change
your ratings unconsciously

depending on the details of the case.

Look

Do these fingerprints match those of the thief?
422 00:13:59,906 --> 00:14:00,638

No, they don't match.

And these fingerprints match those of

CAT KILLER?

Yes! It's a perfect match!

Arrest this monster!

Wait a minute. I thought that compared
Digital printing had a scientific basis.

Wait a minute. I thought that compared
Digital printing had a scientific basis.

Wait a minute. I thought that compared
Digital printing had a scientific basis.

Actually, deductive, it doesn't have.

Actually, deductive, it doesn't have.
433 00:14:16,088 --> 00:14:18,456

SIMON COLE
Professor of Crimonology, Law and Society University of California Irvine

That! This � Simon Cole, a criminologist
from UC Irvine who studies digital.

Fingerprints have been used
in judgments for more than a century.

Fingerprints have been used
in judgments for more than a century.

Fingerprints have been used
in judgments for more than a century. 439

But until recently, almost
no research has studied its reliability.

But until recently, almost
no research has studied its reliability.

Truth?

Are you trying to make me ...?

Is this guy trying to f ...?

Unfortunately not.

And the Supreme Court has ruled
through the Daubert Standard

And the Supreme Court has ruled
through the Daubert Standard

what scientific evidence presentedin process needs to be reliable.

what scientific evidence presented
in process needs to be reliable.

According to this decision,

unless fingerprints are accompanied
with other substantial evidence,

they must not even be accepted in judgment.

You the worst offender who
has already appeared on this show.

You the worst offender who
has already appeared on this show.

You the worst offender who
has already appeared on this show.

Exactly!

Police programs like yours
458 00:14:55,662 --> 00:14:57,562

but in fact, a good part
hers is not science at all.

but in fact, a good part
hers is not science at all.

The FBI recently admitted that in
hair strand comparisons,

his "experts" gave testimonies
failed in 90% of the cases they reviewed.

his "experts" gave testimonies
90% of the cases they reviewed failed.

his "experts" gave testimonies
failed in 90% of the cases they reviewed.

And in cases susceptible to the penalty ofdeath, the numbers reach 94%,

including once a wire that
declared belong to a human

turned out to be actually dog hair.

Bite Analysis �
a big nonsense

vaunted by a small group
of uncontrolled dentists.

vaunted by a small group
of uncontrolled dentists.

Two men were sent
to death row

because of bite marks that
they were probably made by langoustines.

And you may have heard aboutas fire investigators

"detect" arson
looking for "scatter patterns".

These scatter patterns
point to the use of gasoline.

These scatter patterns
point to the use of gasoline.

Scientists have already shown that
these patterns occur

Scientists have already shown that
these patterns occur

during any event
with a sudden combustion.

during any event
with a sudden combustion.

Analyze the scene with the naked eye
There's nothing scientific about it. 482

This city is full of animals.

Listen here, whale bait.

What do you expect us to do?

We are trying to take
the street criminals.

We are trying to take
the street criminals.

I know, and that's just the problem.

I know, and that's just the problem.

These techniques are good for
send people to jail,

These techniques are good for
send people to jail,

but it's terrible to find out
what really happened. 493

And that means that often they
send the wrong person behind bars

And that means that often they
send the wrong person behind bars

Sometimes even to death row.

Poorly Forensic Science Ruins
lives and kills people.

Damn it!

You are right!
Again!

Again!

Wow, you must hate coffee.

Wow, you must hate coffee.

I love.

I'm not that cool, man.
505 00:16:41,133 --> 00:16:45,370

We have no evidence against this guy and
The real killer is still loose.

We have no evidence against this guy and
The real killer is still loose.

We have no evidence against this guy and
The real killer is still loose.

Hope you can play Monopoly, Adam.

Hope you can play Monopoly, Adam.

Because we are giving
A letter to get out of jail.

Finally.
513 00:16:58,084 --> 00:16:59,450

Well, it's time to rewrite
the plaques of the Natural History Museum.

Unless ...

that you can tell us what technique
of expertise really works.

Sure I can.

We got him.

Channel 8 is back in the scene of
crime where the murder suspect

and annoying wisdom Adam Conover
You're making a statement.

and annoying wisdom Adam Conover
You're making a statement. 522

Let's strive to
try to put it through until the end.

During the course of this episode
I set up a compelling case

against the failures of forensic science.
But what do I know?

against the failures of forensic science.
But what do I know?

against the failures of forensic science.
But what do I know?

I'm just a simple South lawyer.

Protest: You Visibly
from Long Island.

Protest: You Visibly
from Long Island. 531

And you are not a lawyer.

No, but I know someone who is.

No, but I know someone who is.

Please welcome my legal advisor,

Chris Fabricant.

Chris is a lawyer for the Innocence Project,

Chris is a lawyer for the Innocence Project,

an organization that works to
release unjustly imprisoned people.

CHRIS FABRICANT
Strategic Litigation Director INNOCENCE PROJECT

Detective, there is a skill method
that is truly scientific.

Detective, there is a skill method
that is truly scientific.

And this is ...

It's the DNA.
Did they get it?

It's the DNA.
Did they get it?

Innocence Project has already used DNA evidence

to free 330 people
wrongly condemned.

to free 330 people
wrongly condemned.

And about half of these people were arresteddue to outdated skill techniques.

And about half of these people were arrested
due to outdated skill techniques.

And about half of these people were arrested
due to outdated skill techniques.

But DNA evidence is not
Are you just another skill technique?

But DNA evidence is not
Are you just another skill technique?

Yes, and not infallible either,

but the DNA tests were, in fact, devel-
developed in laboratories by scientists. 557

but the DNA tests were, in fact, devel-
developed in laboratories by scientists.

Not by cops in lab coats
pretending to be scientists.

Not by cops in lab coats
pretending to be scientists.

Not by cops in lab coats
pretending to be scientists.

Authentic research was done before
introduce you into criminal trials.

Authentic research was done beforeintroduce you into criminal trials.

Authentic research was done before
introduce you into criminal trials.

The Innocence Project had a
client named Ray Krone,

The Innocence Project had a
client named Ray Krone,

who frequented a bar in Tucson, Arizona,

who frequented a bar in Tucson, Arizona,

and the bartender in this place was murdered.

and the bartender in this place was murdered.

They had neither suspects nor
witnesses and used bite analysis 572

to associate Ray with the body.

And this was the only evidence
that connected him to that crime.

And this was the only evidence
that connected him to that crime.

And this was the only evidence
that connected him to that crime.

He spent ten years on death row
before the evidence of DNA cleared him.

If we just want to keep playing people at
prison, so the old techniques will serve.

If we want to catch the real criminal,

we need to stop usingoutdated techniques

we need to stop using
outdated techniques

And start using the ones that have already proven that,

You know how it works.

That -

Fair enough, actually.
I am convinced.

for these moments I live:

times when people
reluctantly agree with me.

If you are innocent, who committed the crime?

If you are innocent, who committed the crime?

Foi who did it?

Oh, it was nobody.

The corpse was my producer, John.
593 00:19:29,200 --> 00:19:29,967

He looks over there, playing a camera.

Hi John!

Wait a minute.

Because our memories are not
work like cameras

recording this program.

During the course of this episode
I set up a compelling case ...

During the course of this episode
I set up a compelling case ...

Are you happy now?

T , because now everyone knows that,
so you can no longer fool anyone.

T , because now everyone knows that,so you can no longer fool anyone.

T , because now everyone knows that,
so you can no longer fool anyone.

Police programs like yours

present forensic science
as being infallible.

Hey, how are you doing this?

I'm not really Brandon.

I'm not really Brandon.

I'm an actor.

Enough!

It's a lie!

My profession was ruined by
Adam Ruins Everything

It's a lie!

Of course!

You staged this murder only
to film your show, didn't you?

You staged this murder only
to film your show, didn't you?

You staged this murder only
to film your show, didn't you?

Guilty of the charges.

But I only did that to inform the
all about this relevant topic.

But I only did that to inform the
all about this relevant topic.

But I only did that to inform the
all about this relevant topic. 623

Then you can arrest me.

PRISON

Look at a curious fact.

Did you know that in Scandinavia
do they have open sky jails?

And they are very efficient.

And they are very efficient.

Just think: if we were in Finland,
we could be out right now.

Just think: if we were in Finland,
we could be out right now. 632

You know...

Here is prettier than mine
Home, to tell the truth.

Dude, let's keep talking!

Now you tell me a curiosity.

In the next
"Adam Ruins Everything" ...

It's the restaurants, isn't it?

It would be better if not
we needed to tip.

It would be better if not
we needed to tip.

Never!

59% not even tuna.

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