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[Music]
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here's a blue mark
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a tiny island endless space it is here
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that the greatest miracle of the
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universe happened life came into being
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life has been developing ever since from
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the first steps on earth to the first
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steps on the moon
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man has always asked questions about the
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world around him and knowledge has been
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passed from generation to generation one
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of the most important scientists in the
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history of mankind was Albert Einstein
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[Music]
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his unique imagination transformed our
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knowledge of the world we live in
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of all the natural forces he
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investigated gravity remains the most
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mysterious it shapes stars planets and
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galaxies and it influences life here on
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earth and in other places in the
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vastness of space
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[Music]
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across the universe in a second in my
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mind playing with galaxy likes fun
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spaceship is
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roam the universe through space and time
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tracking the ideas of Albert Einstein my
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fantasy is floating through the
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sparkling
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[Music]
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spaceship is cruising with the speed of
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[Music]
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disk
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whoa slow down buddy huh
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first of all the museum is closed
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secondly you're not allowed to
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skateboard in the Albert Einstein museum
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and thirdly can I ask what are you doing
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here oh I just wanted to have a look
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around
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have a look around the Albert Einstein
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Museum well well and what's with all
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these Nanna tappa easy don't turn on me
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all right
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I never tell thorne I I come from I have
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a student I see a student at school of
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magic hmm
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really he they expect me to become a
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wizard I have to learn chance
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Lorna tavataan or Shambo
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[Music]
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do you magic make things fly all kinds
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of magical stuff love bread but all this
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nonotuck Donna gets boring after a while
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it was the same for Albert Einstein he
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found school boring too
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yeah oh I want to be like him
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so it's bra the world and discover its
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secrets
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that's amazing
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but I want to know why without magic
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things fall back down who are you anyway
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hold on take it easy
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I'm Alby I'm the boss around here both
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of the Albert Einstein museum yes yes
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yes l bx3 knowledge robot I know
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everything about the genius scientist
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Albert Einstein and all his discoveries
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a flying encyclopedia you could say oh
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no one knows Albert Einstein better than
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me oh you're the kind of robots I always
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keep dreaming in hey if you're so smart
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surely you can tell me everything there
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is to know about Albert Einstein's
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discoveries we are open again tomorrow
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morning at 8:00 oh I have to go to
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school tomorrow
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you did say you know everything about
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time Stein what does someone else know
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even more someone who knows even more
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I am the latest model made with the most
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cutting-edge technology so they well
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anybody could say that ask me any
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question you like this is nothing I
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don't know about Albert Einstein
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[Music]
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if you want the answer to that you need
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to understand the secret of space and
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time you need to see the invisible
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behind the visible and enter a world
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that is totally different from how it
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appears to us if you have the guts for
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it of course I do I want to know
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everything after rule I want to become
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an astronaut and travel to Mars then you
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need to understand gravitation the force
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that controls the universe this was the
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most difficult mystery Albert Einstein
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ever had to solve I can show you but on
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one condition
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no I can't do that
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yes oh no it can't
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well keep doing your magic tricks then
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alright okay what's your name anyway
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number da
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Albi
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all right let's uncover the mystery of
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gravity and a secret of space and time
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[Music]
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really impressive
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[Music]
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the secrets of space and time are hidden
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within gravitation
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it is the most mysterious of all the
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forces in the universe it affects
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everything always every way binding the
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universe together
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[Music]
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gravity makes the apple fall from the
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tree and shapes our entire planetary
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system
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gravitation traps the planet in their
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paths around the Sun
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it is the cosmic force that connects
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everything
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[Music]
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the force of gravity makes this feather
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float to the ground but what exactly is
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this mysterious invisible gravity how
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does it work
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[Music]
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[Music]
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this is Isaac Newton a famous English
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scientist by the end of the 17th century
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over 300 years ago and long before
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Einstein made his discoveries about
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gravitation he had a very clever idea
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when Oh
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according to legend an apple fell on his
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head
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Newton asked himself why apples don't
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fall Newton's idea was that an invisible
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force exists that makes everything fall
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to the ground
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gravity whoa pretty nasty this gravity
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thing huh very funny at home but the
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same force that makes an Apple fall to
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the ground also operates in space
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[Music]
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it's the sun's gravitation which holds
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the planets of our solar system in their
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orbits
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just like the Earth's gravity holds the
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moon on its path around our planet
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gravitation effects all objects in the
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universe and it shapes both the stars
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and the galaxies I'll show you how
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everything causes gravitation stars like
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our Sun planets moons even you me
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animals plants everything he causes
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gravitation but the force of gravitation
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only becomes apparent to us when
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something is very heavy like the earth
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[Music]
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what does the force of gravitation
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depends on gravitation is the attractive
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force between two objects like an apple
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and Earth the power of gravitation
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depends firstly on how heavy something
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is or rather how much mass an object has
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how much wort mass yes the power of
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gravitation depends on the mass of an
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object meaning how much matter it
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consists of heavy things have more mass
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the Apple for example there's such a low
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weight or mass that we do not notice its
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gravitational force planet Earth in
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comparison is huge it has a lot more
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mass meaning a far stronger gravity
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enough to pull the Apple
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[Music]
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the moon is less massive than the earth
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and so has less gravitation only about a
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sixth of what we feel here
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the gravity of the earth pulls the moon
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into its orbit around our planet and I
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will show you later why the moon doesn't
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just fall down on earth
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[Music]
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[Applause]
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the Earth's gravity holds a blanket of
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air the atmosphere around our planet
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without it the oxygen that we breathe
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would float off into space
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[Music]
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but the moon being lighter with weaker
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gravitation is unable to hold an
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atmosphere
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[Music]
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there's no air to breathe on the moon
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[Music]
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which is why we need to spice suits
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whenever we go there you do weave robots
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don't lucky you
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so gravitation strength ends on the mass
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of an object and what else it also
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depends on how far objects are away from
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each other the further we move away from
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Earth the less we feel its gravity but
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gravity goes on and on forever it has no
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limit it gets weaker but it never stops
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it affects the most distant regions of
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the universe there's not a single place
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anywhere in the universe without
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gravitation
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[Music]
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hey I'll be no you can get a feel for
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gravity oh that's a bit high thought
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don't worry buddy
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you don't have to do anything gravity
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will pull you down that's exactly what
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worries me I'd rather see one of your
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magic tricks
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I'll show you one but you have to be
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brave
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I'll make sure you land safely
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[Music]
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[Music]
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[Music]
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so what does morality feel like great
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quite a tingling sensation in my stomach
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and weightless for a moment could have
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done without the water though but your
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water free right who knows
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[Music]
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[Music]
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that's the ISS the International Space
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Station it's as big as a soccer pitch at
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an altitude of about 250 miles still
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pretty close to Earth the space station
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cruises around our planet on the ISS is
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orbit Earth's gravity is still almost
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90% as strong as the gravity we can feel
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here on the ground so why does that
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thing ISS fall down and crash like a
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pool it caught me magic you're right
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it's not magic the reason is the speed
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at which the ISS is bowling at 17,000
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miles per hour about 30 times faster
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than an aeroplane it takes only 90
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minutes to circle the Earth once Earth's
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gravity prevents the space station from
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speeding off into space holding its
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orbit around our planet just like on a
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swing
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[Music]
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[Music]
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now let's lose ourself in the secret
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world of space and time Albert
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Einstein's general theory of relativity
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general theory of relativity yes you'll
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get to learn about one of Einstein's
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most incredible discoveries The effect
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of gravitation on time
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do you know what time is time is what
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you measure with a clock
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one second tip-top always seems to be
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just one second no matter whether you're
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in Beijing New York or Rio a second tick
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tock tick a second is always a second
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that's what most people think but Albert
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Einstein discovered that time doesn't
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pass at the same rate everywhere there
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are several times time is relative
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what do you mean there are various times
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what does gravitation have to do with
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time the stronger the force of
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gravitation the slower time passes
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that's the mystery of gravitation
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[Music]
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you remember that on the moon gravity is
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a little weaker than on earth
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that's why for the astronauts out there
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time ticks a bit faster than it does
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down here on earth
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that means that astronaut age slightly
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faster on the moon than we do here on
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earth Luke
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the time difference is tiny but it can
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be measured
301
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this is one of the 24 satellites of the
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GPS Global Positioning System as used by
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smartphones to work out where you are in
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the world the GPS satellites circle the
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earth at a distance of 13,000 miles
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since gravity is weaker out there time
307
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passes more quickly than down here on
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earth this time difference though small
309
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would be big enough to mislead
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navigation systems by a few miles a day
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without Einsteins discovery that gravity
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influences time GPS devices would not
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work
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[Music]
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gravity means that time passes more
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slowly down here than up there where you
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are my friend yep
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time can pass really slowly that's
319
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something I know from school oh I need
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to go home soon what is a minute hold on
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we were only just getting started let's
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see what you've learned in your school
323
00:25:39,220 --> 00:25:45,579
of magic
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come on Grand Master just a little taste
325
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of your skills are you kidding me show
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gravity you make something
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[Music]
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[Music]
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well that's alright as you can see small
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works can have big effects now for that
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I will show you one of the universe's
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biggest secrets
333
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[Music]
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[Music]
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00:27:09,190 --> 00:27:18,220
[Music]
336
00:27:14,670 --> 00:27:22,330
Einstein opened the door to a mysterious
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world beyond our wildest imagination he
338
00:27:22,329 --> 00:27:27,089
was trying to answer the most
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00:27:24,099 --> 00:27:33,929
fascinating question about gravitation
340
00:27:27,089 --> 00:27:40,000
what is space space that's the easy
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00:27:33,930 --> 00:27:44,200
space is outer space space spaces what
342
00:27:40,000 --> 00:27:46,690
you see here that's true but space also
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means a lot more than that let us
344
00:27:46,690 --> 00:27:53,529
imagine if this telescope just
345
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disappeared everything in this room
346
00:27:53,529 --> 00:28:05,129
disappeared the museum the city it
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00:28:02,130 --> 00:28:05,130
appeared
348
00:28:06,940 --> 00:28:12,519
and if we could also take away the earth
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00:28:09,249 --> 00:28:15,190
the solar system and all of the Milky
350
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Way and the other galaxies if we could
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take away everything
352
00:28:17,960 --> 00:28:24,220
then there would still be something left
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just space and
354
00:28:50,529 --> 00:28:57,220
space and time are woven together like
355
00:28:54,319 --> 00:28:57,220
in a fabric
356
00:28:57,789 --> 00:29:03,690
Albert Einstein called this fabric
357
00:29:00,690 --> 00:29:03,690
space-time
358
00:29:06,569 --> 00:29:12,710
and this empty space is flexible
359
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it can be
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Einstein discovered that all objects
361
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especially such as planets or stars
362
00:29:39,500 --> 00:29:45,250
space and time deforming this fabric
363
00:29:46,169 --> 00:29:54,028
the more massive the object the stronger
364
00:29:50,259 --> 00:29:54,028
it bends space sometime
365
00:30:04,528 --> 00:30:11,108
this plane displays a flat universe to
366
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show the effect of gravitation earth
367
00:30:11,108 --> 00:30:18,409
with its huge mass stretches and bends
368
00:30:14,798 --> 00:30:21,959
the fabric of space and time
369
00:30:18,410 --> 00:30:21,959
[Music]
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00:30:31,069 --> 00:30:37,939
fend of space causes what we feel as
371
00:30:33,859 --> 00:30:40,519
gravitational the moon circles along a
372
00:30:37,940 --> 00:30:43,909
curve in the fabric of space-time caused
373
00:30:40,519 --> 00:30:46,429
by the Earth's presence gravitation
374
00:30:43,909 --> 00:30:54,080
turns out to be a defamation of
375
00:30:46,429 --> 00:30:58,009
space-time even light is affected by
376
00:30:54,079 --> 00:31:00,769
this deformation according to Newton's
377
00:30:58,009 --> 00:31:03,409
ideas such deflection of the light would
378
00:31:00,769 --> 00:31:07,419
not be possible because he thought that
379
00:31:03,409 --> 00:31:07,419
light does not have any mess
380
00:31:08,509 --> 00:31:15,319
thanks to Einstein we now know that any
381
00:31:11,449 --> 00:31:20,750
kind of energy equals mass as described
382
00:31:15,319 --> 00:31:26,869
in the most famous formula in the world
383
00:31:20,750 --> 00:31:30,679
e is energy M is mass and C is the speed
384
00:31:26,869 --> 00:31:34,279
of light energy and mass are equivalent
385
00:31:30,679 --> 00:31:49,700
and that's why light is also affected by
386
00:31:34,279 --> 00:31:53,658
gravitation on November the 7th 1919
387
00:31:49,700 --> 00:31:56,808
Einstein became world famous the
388
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newspapers wrote a revolution of science
389
00:31:56,808 --> 00:32:05,149
new theory of the universe Newton's
390
00:32:00,380 --> 00:32:06,590
ideas outdated almost overnight Einstein
391
00:32:05,150 --> 00:32:08,840
became the most well recognized
392
00:32:06,589 --> 00:32:14,720
scientist in the world the first
393
00:32:08,839 --> 00:32:16,459
superstar of modern science oh why my
394
00:32:14,720 --> 00:32:19,220
observations during a total solar
395
00:32:16,460 --> 00:32:22,100
eclipse at the moment when the moon
396
00:32:19,220 --> 00:32:24,650
completely covered the Sun the effects
397
00:32:22,099 --> 00:32:27,699
of the curvature of space had been seen
398
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by astronomers
399
00:32:27,759 --> 00:32:33,429
[Music]
400
00:32:30,669 --> 00:32:36,249
according to Einstein the sun's enormous
401
00:32:33,429 --> 00:32:38,470
mass noticeably deformed space so that
402
00:32:36,249 --> 00:32:40,989
light from distant stars should be
403
00:32:38,470 --> 00:32:45,519
slightly bent as it travels close to the
404
00:32:40,989 --> 00:32:49,929
Sun this is exactly what happened during
405
00:32:45,519 --> 00:32:52,239
the solar eclipse in 1919 astronomers
406
00:32:49,929 --> 00:32:54,470
photographed the starlight passing close
407
00:32:52,239 --> 00:32:57,380
to the Sun
408
00:32:54,470 --> 00:33:00,429
their light had been deflected exactly
409
00:32:57,380 --> 00:33:03,789
as Einstein had predicted water
410
00:33:00,429 --> 00:33:08,288
sensation the curvature of space
411
00:33:03,788 --> 00:33:18,019
Einstein's theory had been proven
412
00:33:08,288 --> 00:33:21,019
Einstein became world famous the greater
413
00:33:18,019 --> 00:33:23,869
the mass the more strongly space-time is
414
00:33:21,019 --> 00:33:30,079
bent so the more gravitation you feel
415
00:33:23,869 --> 00:33:31,969
and the harder it is to escape once the
416
00:33:30,079 --> 00:33:35,178
gravitation is so strong that not even
417
00:33:31,970 --> 00:33:37,730
light can escape then we can no longer
418
00:33:35,179 --> 00:33:42,190
see the object and that's why it's
419
00:33:37,730 --> 00:33:42,190
called a black hole
420
00:33:43,150 --> 00:33:47,360
everything that falls into a black hole
421
00:33:45,339 --> 00:33:50,299
is
422
00:33:47,359 --> 00:33:53,059
black holes are the most extreme places
423
00:33:50,299 --> 00:33:57,039
in space where the normal laws of
424
00:33:53,059 --> 00:33:57,039
physics stop applying
425
00:33:57,119 --> 00:34:02,058
this is where the secrets of space and
426
00:34:00,000 --> 00:34:02,058
time
427
00:34:03,440 --> 00:34:08,860
[Music]
428
00:34:04,960 --> 00:34:12,119
and where are these black holes
429
00:34:08,860 --> 00:34:12,119
[Music]
430
00:34:12,559 --> 00:34:18,239
such a supermassive black hole is right
431
00:34:16,110 --> 00:34:21,650
in the center of our Milky Way galaxy
432
00:34:18,239 --> 00:34:21,649
for example
433
00:34:25,619 --> 00:34:33,009
[Music]
434
00:34:27,539 --> 00:34:34,869
ha Einstein really was a genius and his
435
00:34:33,009 --> 00:34:38,769
explanation of gravity was his
436
00:34:34,869 --> 00:34:43,179
masterpiece gravitation is really heavy
437
00:34:38,768 --> 00:34:46,918
stuff how about some magic zero gravity
438
00:34:43,179 --> 00:34:46,918
no let's do
439
00:34:52,349 --> 00:34:57,348
[Music]
440
00:34:58,760 --> 00:35:01,990
you free
441
00:35:02,320 --> 00:35:08,730
[Music]
442
00:35:08,500 --> 00:35:10,780
[Applause]
443
00:35:08,730 --> 00:35:12,860
[Music]
444
00:35:10,780 --> 00:35:15,000
now it's time to
445
00:35:12,860 --> 00:35:15,620
leave that capsule
446
00:35:15,000 --> 00:35:18,519
yeah
447
00:35:15,619 --> 00:35:22,409
[Music]
448
00:35:18,519 --> 00:35:22,409
this is agent
449
00:35:23,130 --> 00:35:25,818
I'm
450
00:35:26,969 --> 00:35:32,049
[Music]
451
00:35:33,429 --> 00:35:35,679
[Applause]
452
00:35:33,750 --> 00:35:39,349
[Music]
453
00:35:35,679 --> 00:35:41,329
the stars look very different
454
00:35:39,349 --> 00:35:44,480
today
455
00:35:41,329 --> 00:35:44,480
[Music]
456
00:35:46,010 --> 00:35:50,290
my sitting in a tin can
457
00:35:51,389 --> 00:36:11,429
[Music]
458
00:36:12,550 --> 00:36:44,179
on
459
00:36:14,090 --> 00:36:44,179
[Music]
460
00:36:44,230 --> 00:36:56,409
I have to go home hmm
461
00:36:50,858 --> 00:37:03,400
and you're the boss around here right
462
00:36:56,409 --> 00:37:03,399
yeah okay I'm coming where are you going
463
00:37:09,130 --> 00:37:12,229
[Music]
464
00:37:12,960 --> 00:37:25,559
the biggest library of knowledge in the
465
00:37:16,599 --> 00:37:25,559
universe this is amazing
466
00:37:33,478 --> 00:37:39,129
it's been a pleasure my friend I have no
467
00:37:37,148 --> 00:37:47,199
doubt you will achieve your dream and
468
00:37:39,130 --> 00:37:50,769
become an astronaut my job is to store
469
00:37:47,199 --> 00:37:53,380
knowledge store store store but I don't
470
00:37:50,768 --> 00:37:56,518
just want to store knowledge I also want
471
00:37:53,380 --> 00:38:01,298
to experience imagination to have fun
472
00:37:56,518 --> 00:38:06,658
and to learn how to feel you have shown
473
00:38:01,298 --> 00:38:06,659
me all that thank you my friend
474
00:38:07,498 --> 00:38:13,588
Albert once told me that imagination is
475
00:38:10,389 --> 00:38:17,329
more important than knowledge Albert
476
00:38:13,588 --> 00:38:25,340
told you yeah Albert Einstein
477
00:38:17,329 --> 00:38:25,340
[Music]
478
00:38:29,780 --> 00:38:39,390
again you just have to wish for it with
479
00:38:35,610 --> 00:38:43,260
all your heart yeah but you also need a
480
00:38:39,389 --> 00:38:45,960
bit of luck the force of your positive
481
00:38:43,260 --> 00:38:47,970
thoughts will attract luck if you're
482
00:38:45,960 --> 00:38:51,990
convinced that something is right it
483
00:38:47,969 --> 00:38:54,349
will come to you I have a present for
484
00:38:51,989 --> 00:38:54,349
you
485
00:38:54,500 --> 00:39:03,139
Albert gave me this it will always bring
486
00:38:57,949 --> 00:39:05,799
you luck Albert Einstein Albert got it
487
00:39:03,139 --> 00:39:09,409
from his father when he was 5 years old
488
00:39:05,800 --> 00:39:11,720
the invisible magnetic force that turns
489
00:39:09,409 --> 00:39:15,319
the needle would never loosen its hold
490
00:39:11,719 --> 00:39:20,629
of him he wanted to know what secrets
491
00:39:15,320 --> 00:39:28,359
were hidden in nature oh thank you and
492
00:39:20,630 --> 00:39:28,358
this is yours oh I promised didn't I
493
00:39:33,250 --> 00:39:37,420
little man my friend we'll see each
494
00:39:36,858 --> 00:39:58,860
other again
495
00:39:37,420 --> 00:39:58,860
[Music]
496
00:40:01,800 --> 00:40:05,059
[Music]
497
00:40:10,309 --> 00:40:18,299
Albert Einstein is my hero he said
498
00:40:14,809 --> 00:40:21,420
everybody is a genius but if you judge a
499
00:40:18,300 --> 00:40:23,880
fish by its ability to climb a tree it
500
00:40:21,420 --> 00:40:27,269
will live it's whole life believing that
501
00:40:23,880 --> 00:40:31,200
it is stupid everyone has their own
502
00:40:27,269 --> 00:40:33,179
abilities and passions to explore I want
503
00:40:31,199 --> 00:40:35,089
to know everything about the Earth's and
504
00:40:33,179 --> 00:40:40,219
the secrets of the universe
505
00:40:35,090 --> 00:40:40,220
my magic lies within the stars
506
00:40:42,500 --> 00:40:48,360
[Music]
507
00:41:05,429 --> 00:41:11,659
Albert Einstein painted a new picture of
508
00:41:08,820 --> 00:41:15,059
our world with his imagination
509
00:41:11,659 --> 00:41:20,730
everything in the universe is connected
510
00:41:15,059 --> 00:41:24,179
by an invisible bond gravitation this is
511
00:41:20,730 --> 00:41:27,929
far from the end of our knowledge time
512
00:41:24,179 --> 00:41:31,940
and time again new worlds will open up
513
00:41:27,929 --> 00:41:36,239
before us as Albert Einstein once said
514
00:41:31,940 --> 00:41:39,630
it is entirely possible that behind the
515
00:41:36,239 --> 00:41:45,689
perception of our senses worlds are
516
00:41:39,630 --> 00:41:48,829
hidden of which we are unaware let's go
517
00:41:45,690 --> 00:41:48,829
and find them
518
00:41:49,610 --> 00:41:55,329
across the
519
00:41:52,369 --> 00:41:55,329
second
520
00:41:55,679 --> 00:41:58,460
playing
521
00:42:00,849 --> 00:42:11,240
I find my fantasy is a floating through
522
00:42:06,369 --> 00:42:17,539
the sparkling night my spaceship easy
523
00:42:11,239 --> 00:42:17,538
[Music]
524
00:42:17,949 --> 00:42:28,809
roamed the universe through space and
525
00:42:22,579 --> 00:42:36,699
time and tracking the ideas of Albert
526
00:42:28,809 --> 00:42:36,699
Einstein my fantasies through
527
00:42:37,340 --> 00:42:51,769
my spaceship is
528
00:42:39,539 --> 00:42:54,769
[Music]
529
00:42:51,769 --> 00:42:54,769
this
530
00:42:56,820 --> 00:43:18,320
[Music]
531
00:43:20,829 --> 00:43:38,528
[Music]
532
00:43:30,248 --> 00:43:38,528
the second thing a plane
533
00:43:40,780 --> 00:43:45,840
I find my fantasies
534
00:43:46,019 --> 00:43:52,409
through the sparkling night my spaceship
535
00:43:50,639 --> 00:44:03,549
is cool
536
00:43:52,409 --> 00:44:05,539
[Music]
537
00:44:03,550 --> 00:44:10,479
this
538
00:44:05,539 --> 00:44:10,478
[Music]
539
00:44:13,820 --> 00:44:24,048
[Music]
540
00:44:30,230 --> 00:44:45,030
[Music]
541
00:44:52,630 --> 00:44:56,559
[Music]
542
00:44:56,289 --> 00:45:00,279
you
543
00:44:56,559 --> 00:45:00,279
[Music]
37206
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