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1
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- Legends
throughout the world
2
00:00:24,591 --> 00:00:29,462
have spoken of a race of giants
that once walked the Earth.
3
00:00:29,496 --> 00:00:31,765
The Holy Bible speaks
about the offspring
4
00:00:31,798 --> 00:00:35,035
of the sons of God and
the daughters of man.
5
00:00:36,536 --> 00:00:39,906
It is believed by some that
these were the Nephilim,
6
00:00:39,939 --> 00:00:43,643
theorized to be
gigantic in nature.
7
00:00:43,676 --> 00:00:46,546
Arguments have risen in
the theological community
8
00:00:46,579 --> 00:00:49,249
for centuries, as to
what the Nephilim were.
9
00:00:49,282 --> 00:00:54,654
Or if they were indeed
the giants that seem
to be described.
10
00:00:54,687 --> 00:00:56,289
However, what cannot be argued
11
00:00:56,322 --> 00:01:00,560
is that Judeo-Christian
doctrines are not the only ones
12
00:01:00,593 --> 00:01:03,830
to speak of a giant
human species.
13
00:01:03,863 --> 00:01:07,967
Who were these giants that
once roamed the Earth?
14
00:01:26,286 --> 00:01:28,721
Before the Bible was
even conceived of
15
00:01:28,755 --> 00:01:30,723
there were oral
histories passed down
16
00:01:30,757 --> 00:01:33,827
from generation to
generation in Mesopotamia,
17
00:01:33,860 --> 00:01:37,997
Greece, Rome, Egypt,
as well as America.
18
00:01:38,031 --> 00:01:41,768
Most of these legends speak
of powerful gods and goddesses
19
00:01:41,801 --> 00:01:44,471
that were larger than life.
20
00:01:44,504 --> 00:01:46,406
History has relegated
these legends
21
00:01:46,439 --> 00:01:48,675
to the myth status
and they are not seen
22
00:01:48,708 --> 00:01:51,711
as actual historical accounts.
23
00:01:51,744 --> 00:01:54,714
However, it is noteworthy
that there were many
24
00:01:54,747 --> 00:01:58,618
of these legends all over
the world at one point.
25
00:01:58,651 --> 00:02:00,320
How did so many
different cultures,
26
00:02:00,353 --> 00:02:02,555
who had nothing to
do with each other,
27
00:02:02,589 --> 00:02:05,825
end up with sImilar
stories of giants?
28
00:02:05,859 --> 00:02:08,528
And is there evidence of
the existence of giants
29
00:02:08,561 --> 00:02:10,864
available today?
30
00:02:13,533 --> 00:02:16,035
The legends of giants in
Mediterranean countries
31
00:02:16,069 --> 00:02:19,672
were probably the most
widely known and discussed.
32
00:02:19,706 --> 00:02:22,909
Beyond the biblical accounts,
such as David and Goliath,
33
00:02:22,942 --> 00:02:27,380
there are the accounts of the
Babylonian king Gilgamesh.
34
00:02:27,413 --> 00:02:29,249
In stone tablets that
have been recovered,
35
00:02:29,282 --> 00:02:33,186
there are images carved of
Gilgamesh taking on a lion.
36
00:02:33,219 --> 00:02:35,788
And looking at the scale
of the ancient carvings,
37
00:02:35,822 --> 00:02:39,726
it appears this man had
to have been at least
38
00:02:39,759 --> 00:02:43,630
12 to 15 feet tall,
taking into consideration
39
00:02:43,663 --> 00:02:47,667
the size of the lion he is
portrayed to have slain.
40
00:02:48,935 --> 00:02:54,874
Gilgamesh lived sometime
between 2800 and 2500 B.C.
41
00:02:54,908 --> 00:02:58,011
He is the main character
in the "Epic of Gilgamesh",
42
00:02:58,044 --> 00:03:00,413
a Mesopotamian poem
that is considered
43
00:03:00,446 --> 00:03:04,317
the first great
work of literature.
44
00:03:04,350 --> 00:03:06,753
In the epic,
Gilgamesh is a demigod
45
00:03:06,786 --> 00:03:09,088
of super human strength,
who built the city walls
46
00:03:09,122 --> 00:03:14,561
of Uruk to defend his people
and survive the great deluge.
47
00:03:14,594 --> 00:03:17,530
According to the
Sumerian king list,
48
00:03:17,564 --> 00:03:22,001
Gilgamesh ruled his
city for 126 years.
49
00:03:22,035 --> 00:03:25,004
Fragments of an epic
text found in Me-Turan,
50
00:03:25,038 --> 00:03:29,542
the modern Tell Haddad,
relate that at end of his life
51
00:03:29,576 --> 00:03:33,112
Gilgamesh was buried
under the riverbed.
52
00:03:33,146 --> 00:03:35,481
It is generally
accepted that Gilgamesh
53
00:03:35,515 --> 00:03:39,586
was a historical figure, since
inscriptions have been found
54
00:03:39,619 --> 00:03:41,854
which confirm the
historical existence
55
00:03:41,888 --> 00:03:44,657
of other figures
associated with him,
56
00:03:44,691 --> 00:03:47,627
such as the Aga of Kish.
57
00:03:47,660 --> 00:03:49,862
If Gilgamesh was
a historical king,
58
00:03:49,896 --> 00:03:54,834
he probably reigned in
about the 26th century B.C.
59
00:03:54,867 --> 00:03:56,836
Where did Gilgamesh come from?
60
00:03:56,869 --> 00:03:59,872
In the Qumran Scroll, known
as the Book of Giants,
61
00:03:59,906 --> 00:04:02,742
the names of
Gilgamesh and Humbaba
62
00:04:02,775 --> 00:04:06,079
appear as two of the
antediluvian giants.
63
00:04:06,112 --> 00:04:08,781
Could Gilgamesh have
come from Atlantis
64
00:04:08,815 --> 00:04:12,919
or be a direct descendant
of antediluvian kings?
65
00:04:25,031 --> 00:04:29,068
If giants existed in the
past, where is the evidence?
66
00:04:29,102 --> 00:04:31,104
You may be surprised
to find that it's been
67
00:04:31,137 --> 00:04:35,908
and is being discovered
all over the world.
68
00:04:35,942 --> 00:04:38,277
Skeletal remains of giants
have been discovered
69
00:04:38,311 --> 00:04:42,148
throughout American history
and even further back.
70
00:04:42,181 --> 00:04:45,852
According to Native American
Paiute oral history,
71
00:04:45,885 --> 00:04:49,989
the Si-Te-Cah are a legendary
tribe whose mummified remains
72
00:04:50,023 --> 00:04:53,559
were allegedly discovered
under four feet of guano
73
00:04:53,593 --> 00:04:56,162
by guano miners in
what is now known
74
00:04:56,195 --> 00:05:00,967
as Lovelock Cave in
Lovelock, Nevada.
75
00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:03,736
Several of the fiber sandals
found in Lovelock Cave
76
00:05:03,770 --> 00:05:05,738
were remarkably large.
77
00:05:05,772 --> 00:05:08,908
And one reported at
over 15 inches in length
78
00:05:08,941 --> 00:05:12,445
was said to be on display at
the Nevada Historical Society's
79
00:05:12,478 --> 00:05:16,949
museum in Reno in 1952.
80
00:05:18,251 --> 00:05:21,287
The Paiute tradition asserts
that the Si-Te-Cah people
81
00:05:21,320 --> 00:05:24,557
practiced cannibalism,
and this may have had
82
00:05:24,590 --> 00:05:26,659
some basis in fact.
83
00:05:26,693 --> 00:05:29,762
During the 1924
excavation of the cave,
84
00:05:29,796 --> 00:05:32,799
a series of three human
bones were found near
85
00:05:32,832 --> 00:05:35,168
the surface towards
the mouth of the cave.
86
00:05:35,201 --> 00:05:38,137
These had been split
to extract the marrow,
87
00:05:38,171 --> 00:05:42,342
as animal bones were split and
probably indicate cannibalism
88
00:05:42,375 --> 00:05:44,444
during a famine.
89
00:05:44,477 --> 00:05:47,714
As reported in the "Nevada
Review Miner" newspaper
90
00:05:47,747 --> 00:05:52,685
on June 19th, 1931, in
February and June of 1931
91
00:05:52,719 --> 00:05:55,054
two very large
skeletons were found
92
00:05:55,088 --> 00:05:58,991
in the Humboldt dry
lakebed near Lovelock.
93
00:05:59,025 --> 00:06:02,962
One skeleton was 8.5 feet
tall and was later described
94
00:06:02,995 --> 00:06:05,698
as being wrapped in
a gum-covered fabric
95
00:06:05,732 --> 00:06:08,401
not unlike Egyptian mummies.
96
00:06:08,434 --> 00:06:11,838
The other was almost 10 feet.
97
00:06:11,871 --> 00:06:14,207
It was said that all
the tribes of the area
98
00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:16,542
stood together
against these giants
99
00:06:16,576 --> 00:06:18,845
and chased them into a cave.
100
00:06:18,878 --> 00:06:21,881
The giants refused to leave
the safety of the cave,
101
00:06:21,914 --> 00:06:24,317
so the Paiutes, along
with other tribes,
102
00:06:24,350 --> 00:06:26,819
set the cave on fire.
103
00:06:26,853 --> 00:06:28,988
The cave then collapsed
during an earthquake
104
00:06:29,021 --> 00:06:31,224
sealing the entrance shut.
105
00:06:31,257 --> 00:06:34,861
When the area was mined
for fertilizing materials,
106
00:06:34,894 --> 00:06:38,698
there were several fossils
discovered in the early 1920s.
107
00:06:38,731 --> 00:06:41,634
Along with those fossils
were the well preserved
108
00:06:41,667 --> 00:06:45,171
human-like skeletons,
one male and one female.
109
00:06:45,204 --> 00:06:47,673
The female was
over six feet tall
110
00:06:47,707 --> 00:06:50,877
and the male was
over eight feet tall.
111
00:06:50,910 --> 00:06:53,079
Along with the discovery
of the skeletons,
112
00:06:53,112 --> 00:06:55,448
there were many other
artifacts found,
113
00:06:55,481 --> 00:06:58,851
including a circular
calendar that had the number
114
00:06:58,885 --> 00:07:02,789
of days and weeks of
a year etched into it.
115
00:07:02,822 --> 00:07:05,925
In 1931, two more
skeletons were discovered
116
00:07:05,958 --> 00:07:08,027
in Lockport, Nevada
that measured
117
00:07:08,060 --> 00:07:11,197
from eight to ten feet tall.
118
00:07:20,239 --> 00:07:23,176
During the past few
years, a huge controversy
119
00:07:23,209 --> 00:07:26,112
has emerged accusing
the Smithsonian
120
00:07:26,145 --> 00:07:28,981
and a host of skeptics
and archeologists
121
00:07:29,015 --> 00:07:32,718
of covering up the discovery
of hundreds of giant skeletons
122
00:07:32,752 --> 00:07:35,421
from Native American
Indian mounds.
123
00:07:35,454 --> 00:07:38,257
Jim Ferreira is one of
the key people who began
124
00:07:38,291 --> 00:07:41,294
uncovering hundreds
of newspaper accounts
125
00:07:41,327 --> 00:07:43,129
of giant skeletons.
126
00:07:43,162 --> 00:07:47,867
Today, Ferreira has pulled
together about 1,500 accounts
127
00:07:47,900 --> 00:07:51,337
from newspapers and books
published in the 1800s
128
00:07:51,370 --> 00:07:53,973
and early 1900s.
129
00:07:54,006 --> 00:07:57,310
One intriguing set of
giant skeleton reports
130
00:07:57,343 --> 00:07:58,744
he found factual,
131
00:07:58,778 --> 00:08:01,881
was the Arkansas
Chickasawba Mound reports
132
00:08:01,914 --> 00:08:05,585
of many large skeletons
found at the site.
133
00:08:05,618 --> 00:08:09,388
Many skeletons ranging from
eight to nine feet in length
134
00:08:09,422 --> 00:08:10,890
had been found there.
135
00:08:10,923 --> 00:08:14,393
As late as 1976, a
seven foot tall skeleton
136
00:08:14,427 --> 00:08:17,096
was found at the site.
137
00:08:17,129 --> 00:08:19,565
For the Smithsonian to
have found skeletons
138
00:08:19,599 --> 00:08:23,269
that were seven feet tall by
chance alone is improbable.
139
00:08:23,302 --> 00:08:25,805
The height of many of
the individuals entombed
140
00:08:25,838 --> 00:08:28,708
in ancient American
mounds was far taller
141
00:08:28,741 --> 00:08:30,576
than the general populous.
142
00:08:30,610 --> 00:08:34,914
Far beyond what could
explained by simple chance.
143
00:08:34,947 --> 00:08:40,186
Why would the Smithsonian
cover up such a find?
144
00:08:40,219 --> 00:08:43,389
Skeptics have related that
the disorder of gigantism
145
00:08:43,422 --> 00:08:45,725
probably was the
cause of many report.
146
00:08:45,758 --> 00:08:49,428
But they actually cite no
evidence for this assertion.
147
00:08:49,462 --> 00:08:54,100
It is a weak attempt to explain
away and dismiss the issue.
148
00:08:54,133 --> 00:08:57,003
Gigantism is exceedingly rare,
149
00:08:57,036 --> 00:09:01,641
so rare there is no actual
evidential statistics for it.
150
00:09:01,674 --> 00:09:05,478
America has less than 100
cases of gigantism recorded
151
00:09:05,511 --> 00:09:07,413
in its history.
152
00:09:07,446 --> 00:09:10,683
In fact, the overwhelming
vast majority
153
00:09:10,716 --> 00:09:12,785
of tall people today,
154
00:09:12,818 --> 00:09:15,721
whose reaching or
approaching seven feet,
155
00:09:15,755 --> 00:09:18,724
do not have the
disorder of gigantism.
156
00:09:18,758 --> 00:09:21,260
The actual percentage
of modern humans
157
00:09:21,294 --> 00:09:26,198
who reach seven feet
in height is 0.00007%.
158
00:09:27,633 --> 00:09:30,403
In the ancient world of
America's mound builders,
159
00:09:30,436 --> 00:09:33,906
the percentage of the population
that reached seven feet
160
00:09:33,940 --> 00:09:37,843
in height would have
been much lower.
161
00:09:37,877 --> 00:09:40,346
Skeptics claim that
freezing and thawing
162
00:09:40,379 --> 00:09:44,016
makes skeletons so big they
might look like a giant.
163
00:09:44,050 --> 00:09:47,353
It was found to be completely
wrong and baseless.
164
00:09:47,386 --> 00:09:50,323
Modern paleopathology
texts and sources
165
00:09:50,356 --> 00:09:53,859
relate that buried bones
that freeze can shatter
166
00:09:53,893 --> 00:09:57,697
and most buried bones
actually lose mass,
167
00:09:57,730 --> 00:09:59,465
they get smaller.
168
00:09:59,498 --> 00:10:02,101
There are also a host of
Native American legends
169
00:10:02,134 --> 00:10:05,137
that were reported to
ethnologists detailing
170
00:10:05,171 --> 00:10:07,707
a race of giants who
invaded the regions
171
00:10:07,740 --> 00:10:09,809
where mounds were found.
172
00:10:09,842 --> 00:10:12,778
These giants became the leaders
and priests of the tribes.
173
00:10:12,812 --> 00:10:16,916
Over time these ruling people,
chosen through heredity,
174
00:10:16,949 --> 00:10:21,153
became corrupted and
were exterminated.
175
00:10:21,187 --> 00:10:24,490
You may be surprised at the
number of giant skeletons
176
00:10:24,523 --> 00:10:27,760
that have been uncovered
throughout modern history.
177
00:10:27,793 --> 00:10:30,763
There is a number of
discoveries that didn't make it
178
00:10:30,796 --> 00:10:34,033
to mainstream
historical knowledge.
179
00:10:34,066 --> 00:10:36,836
Large bones in stone
graves in Williamson County
180
00:10:36,869 --> 00:10:40,840
and White County, Tennessee,
were discovered in the 1800s.
181
00:10:40,873 --> 00:10:45,945
The average stature of these
giants was seven feet tall.
182
00:10:45,978 --> 00:10:48,481
Giant skeletons were
found in the mid-1800s
183
00:10:48,514 --> 00:10:52,118
in New York state, near
Rutland and Rodman.
184
00:10:52,151 --> 00:10:56,989
In 1833, soldiers digging at
Lompock Rancho, California
185
00:10:57,023 --> 00:11:00,559
discovered a male
skeleton 12 feet tall.
186
00:11:00,593 --> 00:11:03,162
The skeleton was
surrounded by caved shells,
187
00:11:03,195 --> 00:11:07,266
stone axes and other artifacts.
188
00:11:07,299 --> 00:11:10,936
The skeleton had double rows
of upper and lower teeth.
189
00:11:10,970 --> 00:11:13,606
Unfortunately this body
was secretly buried
190
00:11:13,639 --> 00:11:17,843
because the local Indians
became upset about the remains.
191
00:11:17,877 --> 00:11:20,846
A giant skull and vertebrae
were found in Wisconsin
192
00:11:20,880 --> 00:11:23,115
and Kansas City as well.
193
00:11:23,149 --> 00:11:25,551
A giant found off
the California coast
194
00:11:25,584 --> 00:11:28,387
on Santa Rosa
Island in the 1800s,
195
00:11:28,421 --> 00:11:31,323
was distinguished by
its double row of teeth,
196
00:11:31,357 --> 00:11:34,627
common among giant
skeleton finds.
197
00:11:34,660 --> 00:11:37,563
A nine foot, eight inch
skeleton was excavated
198
00:11:37,596 --> 00:11:42,535
from a mound near
Brewersville, Indiana in 1879.
199
00:11:42,568 --> 00:11:44,637
Skeletons said to be
of enormous dimensions
200
00:11:44,670 --> 00:11:47,573
were found in mounds
near Zanesville, Ohio
201
00:11:47,606 --> 00:11:51,177
and Warren, Minnesota
in the 1800s.
202
00:11:51,210 --> 00:11:54,647
In Clearwater, Minnesota,
the skeletons of seven giants
203
00:11:54,680 --> 00:11:56,348
were found in mounds.
204
00:11:56,382 --> 00:12:00,553
These had receding foreheads
and complete double dentition,
205
00:12:00,586 --> 00:12:02,421
two rows of teeth.
206
00:12:02,455 --> 00:12:05,157
At La Crescent, Minnesota
mounds were found
207
00:12:05,191 --> 00:12:06,792
to contain giant bones.
208
00:12:06,826 --> 00:12:10,463
Five miles north in
Dreshbach, the bones of people
209
00:12:10,496 --> 00:12:13,766
over eight feet tall were found.
210
00:12:37,656 --> 00:12:42,161
In 1888, seven skeletons
ranging from seven to eight
211
00:12:42,194 --> 00:12:44,063
feet tall were discovered.
212
00:12:44,096 --> 00:12:45,731
Though they may seem like a lot,
213
00:12:45,764 --> 00:12:48,734
near Toledo, Ohio, 20
skeletons were discovered
214
00:12:48,767 --> 00:12:52,004
with jaws and teeth
twice as large as those
215
00:12:52,037 --> 00:12:53,606
of present day people.
216
00:12:53,639 --> 00:12:56,408
The account also noted
that odd hieroglyphics
217
00:12:56,442 --> 00:12:58,711
were found with the bodies.
218
00:12:58,744 --> 00:13:01,814
The aforementioned miners in
Lovelock Cave, California,
219
00:13:01,847 --> 00:13:05,651
discovered a very tall,
red haired mummy in 1911.
220
00:13:05,684 --> 00:13:08,354
A local native has a
dress made from the hair
221
00:13:08,387 --> 00:13:11,891
of one of the giants
from this area.
222
00:13:11,924 --> 00:13:16,162
In 1931, skeletons from eight
and half to ten feet long
223
00:13:16,195 --> 00:13:20,766
were found in the Humbolt
lake bed in California.
224
00:13:20,800 --> 00:13:24,303
And in 1932, Ellis
Wright found human tracks
225
00:13:24,336 --> 00:13:28,307
in the gypsum rock at
White Sands, New Mexico.
226
00:13:28,340 --> 00:13:31,210
His discovery was later
backed up by Fred Arthur,
227
00:13:31,243 --> 00:13:33,679
supervisor of the
Lincoln National Park
228
00:13:33,712 --> 00:13:36,882
and others who reported
that each footprint
229
00:13:36,916 --> 00:13:42,755
was 22 inches long and from
eight to 10 inches wide.
230
00:13:42,788 --> 00:13:45,324
They were certain the
prints were human in origin
231
00:13:45,357 --> 00:13:48,561
due to the outline of the
perfect prints coupled
232
00:13:48,594 --> 00:13:50,863
with a readily apparent instep.
233
00:13:52,164 --> 00:13:55,501
During World War II,
author Ivan T. Sanderson
234
00:13:55,534 --> 00:13:57,836
tells of how his
crew was bulldozing
235
00:13:57,870 --> 00:14:01,473
through sedimentary rock
when it stumbled across
236
00:14:01,507 --> 00:14:03,642
what appeared to be a graveyard.
237
00:14:03,676 --> 00:14:08,514
In it were crania that
measured from 22 to 24 inches
238
00:14:08,547 --> 00:14:11,850
from base to crown, nearly
three times as large
239
00:14:11,884 --> 00:14:13,686
as an adult human skull.
240
00:14:13,719 --> 00:14:16,455
Had the creatures to whom
these skulls belonged
241
00:14:16,488 --> 00:14:18,224
been properly proportioned,
242
00:14:18,257 --> 00:14:20,092
they undoubtedly would have been
243
00:14:20,125 --> 00:14:23,696
at least 12 feet tall or taller.
244
00:14:24,597 --> 00:14:28,167
In 1947, a local
newspaper reported
245
00:14:28,200 --> 00:14:31,403
the discovery of nine
foot tall skeletons
246
00:14:31,437 --> 00:14:34,740
by amateur archeologists
working in Death Valley.
247
00:14:34,773 --> 00:14:37,509
The archeologists
involved also claimed
248
00:14:37,543 --> 00:14:39,478
to have found what
appeared to be the bones
249
00:14:39,511 --> 00:14:44,650
of tigers and dinosaurs
with the human remains.
250
00:14:44,683 --> 00:14:47,186
And the Catalina
Islands off California
251
00:14:47,219 --> 00:14:49,722
are the home of
dwarf mammoth bones
252
00:14:49,755 --> 00:14:53,359
that were once roasted
in ancient pit fires.
253
00:14:53,392 --> 00:14:56,428
These were roasted and eaten
by human-like creatures
254
00:14:56,462 --> 00:15:00,799
who were giants with
double rows of teeth.
255
00:15:20,185 --> 00:15:21,887
One fact that
continues to surface
256
00:15:21,920 --> 00:15:25,391
in the discovery of giants
is the reports of skulls
257
00:15:25,424 --> 00:15:28,694
having more than
one row of teeth.
258
00:15:28,727 --> 00:15:31,196
According to a study
on molecular genetics
259
00:15:31,230 --> 00:15:33,198
of supernumerary
tooth formation,
260
00:15:33,232 --> 00:15:37,236
the cause of extra rows
of teeth is genetic.
261
00:15:37,269 --> 00:15:39,405
Despite advances
in the knowledge
262
00:15:39,438 --> 00:15:42,775
of tooth morphogenesis
and differentiation
263
00:15:42,808 --> 00:15:45,744
relatively little is known
about the molecular mechanisms
264
00:15:45,778 --> 00:15:49,281
underlying supernumerary
tooth formation.
265
00:15:49,315 --> 00:15:51,417
A small number of
supernumerary teeth
266
00:15:51,450 --> 00:15:54,753
may be a common
developmental dental anomaly.
267
00:15:54,787 --> 00:15:57,723
While multiple supernumerary
teeth usually have
268
00:15:57,756 --> 00:16:00,926
a genetic component and
they are sometimes thought
269
00:16:00,959 --> 00:16:05,497
to represent a partial
third dentition in humans.
270
00:16:05,531 --> 00:16:07,866
Mice, which are commonly
used for studying
271
00:16:07,900 --> 00:16:11,770
tooth development, only
exhibit one dentition,
272
00:16:11,804 --> 00:16:13,939
with very few mouse
models exhibiting
273
00:16:13,972 --> 00:16:17,876
supernumerary teeth
similar to those in humans.
274
00:16:17,910 --> 00:16:22,481
Activation of APC or forced
activation of WNT canenin signal
275
00:16:22,514 --> 00:16:25,551
results in multiple
supernumerary tooth formation
276
00:16:25,584 --> 00:16:27,186
in both humans and in mice,
277
00:16:27,219 --> 00:16:31,757
but the key genes in these
pathways are not very clear.
278
00:16:31,790 --> 00:16:34,193
Analysis of other model systems
279
00:16:34,226 --> 00:16:36,295
with continuous
tooth replacement
280
00:16:36,328 --> 00:16:38,330
or secondary tooth formation,
281
00:16:38,364 --> 00:16:41,433
such as fish, snake,
lizard, and ferret,
282
00:16:41,467 --> 00:16:43,602
is providing insights into the
283
00:16:43,635 --> 00:16:45,771
molecular and
cellular mechanisms
284
00:16:45,804 --> 00:16:48,507
underlying successional
tooth development,
285
00:16:48,540 --> 00:16:49,942
and should assist in the studies
286
00:16:49,975 --> 00:16:53,145
on supernumerary tooth
formation in humans.
287
00:16:53,178 --> 00:16:55,314
But scientists say
this information,
288
00:16:55,347 --> 00:16:57,816
together with the advances
in stem cell biology
289
00:16:57,850 --> 00:17:00,419
and tissue engineering,
will pave ways
290
00:17:00,452 --> 00:17:05,357
for the tooth regeneration
and tooth bioengineering.
291
00:17:05,391 --> 00:17:08,360
Though having two rows
of teeth is not uncommon,
292
00:17:08,394 --> 00:17:11,864
the specific genetics of
giants would probably be
293
00:17:11,897 --> 00:17:16,869
a specific trait to this
line of human development.
294
00:17:18,871 --> 00:17:21,740
Along with the reports
of double rows of teeth,
295
00:17:21,774 --> 00:17:26,545
extra digits in the hands and
feet are sometimes reported.
296
00:17:26,578 --> 00:17:28,614
Along the Illinois
River in a cave,
297
00:17:28,647 --> 00:17:31,884
a priest claimed he
found prints in rock.
298
00:17:31,917 --> 00:17:35,754
The larger representation of
the human foot was 14 inches
299
00:17:35,788 --> 00:17:38,791
and had six toes
instead of five.
300
00:17:38,824 --> 00:17:42,294
Morse's "Universal Geography,"
according to the priest,
301
00:17:42,327 --> 00:17:44,530
gives this account
of a number of tracks
302
00:17:44,563 --> 00:17:47,199
or foot impressions
found in rocks
303
00:17:47,232 --> 00:17:49,234
in the mountains of Tennessee.
304
00:17:49,268 --> 00:17:51,403
Along these were
a number of tracks
305
00:17:51,437 --> 00:17:55,340
representing human
feet and they uniformly
306
00:17:55,374 --> 00:17:57,910
had six toes on each foot.
307
00:18:19,098 --> 00:18:22,801
Scientists are stubbornly silent
about lost races of giants,
308
00:18:22,835 --> 00:18:24,736
such as those found
in burial mounds
309
00:18:24,770 --> 00:18:28,674
near Lake Delavan,
Wisconsin in May of 1912.
310
00:18:28,707 --> 00:18:31,376
The dig site at Lake
Delavan was overseen
311
00:18:31,410 --> 00:18:33,912
by Beloit College and
it included more than
312
00:18:33,946 --> 00:18:38,417
200 effigy mounds that
proved to be classic examples
313
00:18:38,450 --> 00:18:41,053
of 8th century Woodland culture.
314
00:18:41,086 --> 00:18:43,455
But the enormous
size of the skeletons
315
00:18:43,489 --> 00:18:46,692
and elongated skulls
found in May of 1912
316
00:18:46,725 --> 00:18:50,529
did not fit very neatly
into anyone's concept
317
00:18:50,562 --> 00:18:52,698
of a textbook standard.
318
00:18:52,731 --> 00:18:54,633
They were enormous.
319
00:18:54,666 --> 00:18:57,102
They were not
average human beings.
320
00:18:57,136 --> 00:19:00,339
First reported on the
4th of May 1912 issue
321
00:19:00,372 --> 00:19:01,673
of the "New York Times,"
322
00:19:01,707 --> 00:19:04,743
the 18 skeletons found
by the Peterson brothers
323
00:19:04,776 --> 00:19:07,880
on Lake Lawn Farm in
southwest Wisconsin
324
00:19:07,913 --> 00:19:11,884
exhibited several strange
and freakish features.
325
00:19:11,917 --> 00:19:15,554
Their heights ranged
from 7.6 feet and 10 feet
326
00:19:15,587 --> 00:19:18,724
and their skulls,
presumably those of men,
327
00:19:18,757 --> 00:19:20,826
were much larger than
the heads of any race
328
00:19:20,859 --> 00:19:23,562
which inhabit America today.
329
00:19:23,595 --> 00:19:25,697
They tend to have a
double row of teeth,
330
00:19:25,731 --> 00:19:28,333
six fingers, six
toes and like humans
331
00:19:28,367 --> 00:19:30,168
came in different races.
332
00:19:30,202 --> 00:19:33,171
The teeth in the front of
the jaw were regular molars.
333
00:19:33,205 --> 00:19:36,675
Heads usually found were
elongated and believed
334
00:19:36,708 --> 00:19:40,379
due to a longer than
normal life span.
335
00:19:40,412 --> 00:19:42,915
The Lake Delavan
find of May 1912
336
00:19:42,948 --> 00:19:45,717
was only one of dozens
of several finds
337
00:19:45,751 --> 00:19:48,053
that were reported
in local newspapers
338
00:19:48,086 --> 00:19:51,857
from 1851 forward
to the present day.
339
00:19:51,890 --> 00:19:54,326
It was not even the first
set of giant skeletons found
340
00:19:54,359 --> 00:19:55,827
in Wisconsin.
341
00:19:55,861 --> 00:19:58,530
On the 10th of August of 1891,
342
00:19:58,564 --> 00:20:00,732
the "New York Times"
reported that scientists
343
00:20:00,766 --> 00:20:03,635
from the Smithsonian
Institute had discovered
344
00:20:03,669 --> 00:20:07,339
several large pyramidal
monuments on Lake Mills,
345
00:20:07,372 --> 00:20:09,408
near Madison, Wisconsin.
346
00:20:09,441 --> 00:20:11,243
Madison was, in ancient days,
347
00:20:11,276 --> 00:20:15,881
the center of a teeming
population of over 200,000.
348
00:20:15,914 --> 00:20:18,650
The excavators found
an elaborate system
349
00:20:18,684 --> 00:20:23,622
of a defensive works, which
they named Fort Aztalan.
350
00:20:26,858 --> 00:20:28,560
The "New York Times" says,
351
00:20:28,594 --> 00:20:31,229
the celebrated mounds
of Ohio and Indiana
352
00:20:31,263 --> 00:20:35,100
can bear no comparison,
either in size, design
353
00:20:35,133 --> 00:20:38,003
or the skill displayed
in their construction
354
00:20:38,036 --> 00:20:41,206
with these gigantic and
mysterious monuments of earth,
355
00:20:41,239 --> 00:20:43,575
erected we know not by whom,
356
00:20:43,609 --> 00:20:47,446
and for what purpose
we can only conjecture.
357
00:20:47,479 --> 00:20:50,048
On the 20th of December 1897,
358
00:20:50,082 --> 00:20:52,250
the Times followed
up with a report
359
00:20:52,284 --> 00:20:54,353
on three large burial mounds
360
00:20:54,386 --> 00:20:57,556
that had been discovered
in Maple Creek, Wisconsin.
361
00:20:57,589 --> 00:21:00,792
One had recently been opened.
362
00:21:05,297 --> 00:21:09,267
In it was found the skeleton
of a man of gigantic size.
363
00:21:09,301 --> 00:21:12,971
The bones measured from
head to foot over nine feet
364
00:21:13,005 --> 00:21:15,774
and were in a fair
state of preservation.
365
00:21:15,807 --> 00:21:18,844
The skull was as large
as a half bushel measure.
366
00:21:18,877 --> 00:21:21,647
Some finely tempered
rods of copper
367
00:21:21,680 --> 00:21:25,350
and other relics were
lying near the bones.
368
00:21:44,703 --> 00:21:47,706
Giant skulls and skeletons
of a race of giants
369
00:21:47,739 --> 00:21:50,008
have been found on
a very regular basis
370
00:21:50,042 --> 00:21:54,780
throughout the midwestern
states for more than 100 years.
371
00:21:54,813 --> 00:21:57,783
Giants have been found
in Minnesota, Iowa,
372
00:21:57,816 --> 00:22:01,353
Illinois, Ohio,
Kentucky and New York.
373
00:22:01,386 --> 00:22:04,856
And their burial sites are
similar to the well-known mounds
374
00:22:04,890 --> 00:22:07,626
of the Mound Builder people.
375
00:22:07,659 --> 00:22:10,128
The spectrum of
Mound Builder history
376
00:22:10,162 --> 00:22:13,765
spans a period of
more than 5,000 years.
377
00:22:13,799 --> 00:22:17,402
A period greater than the
history of ancient Egypt
378
00:22:17,436 --> 00:22:19,838
and all of its dynasties.
379
00:22:19,871 --> 00:22:23,108
Most scientists believe
that we have an adequate
380
00:22:23,141 --> 00:22:25,911
historical understanding
of the peoples
381
00:22:25,944 --> 00:22:28,780
who lived in North America
during this period.
382
00:22:28,814 --> 00:22:31,850
However, the long record
of anomalous finds
383
00:22:31,883 --> 00:22:36,655
like those at Lake
Delavan suggest otherwise.
384
00:22:36,688 --> 00:22:39,958
The January 13th, 1870 edition
385
00:22:39,991 --> 00:22:43,261
of the "Wisconsin Decatur
Republican" reported
386
00:22:43,295 --> 00:22:45,897
that two giant well
preserved skeletons
387
00:22:45,931 --> 00:22:49,768
of an unknown race
were discovered near
Potosi, Wisconsin
388
00:22:49,801 --> 00:22:52,838
by workers digging the
foundation of a saw mill
389
00:22:52,871 --> 00:22:55,640
near the bank of the
Mississippi River.
390
00:22:55,674 --> 00:22:58,410
One skeleton measured
seven and a half feet,
391
00:22:58,443 --> 00:23:00,245
the other eight feet.
392
00:23:00,278 --> 00:23:03,315
The skulls of each had
prominent cheek bones
393
00:23:03,348 --> 00:23:05,517
and double rows of teeth.
394
00:23:05,550 --> 00:23:07,452
A large collection of arrowheads
395
00:23:07,486 --> 00:23:12,524
and strange toys were found
buried near the remains.
396
00:23:12,557 --> 00:23:15,894
While a normal size skeleton
of a supposed Mound Builder
397
00:23:15,927 --> 00:23:18,597
is on display at the
site of several large
398
00:23:18,630 --> 00:23:23,268
pyramidal monuments
near Madison, called
Aztalan State Park.
399
00:23:23,301 --> 00:23:26,805
The goliath remains
of Wisconsin's giants
400
00:23:26,838 --> 00:23:29,107
have vanished along
with the hundreds
401
00:23:29,141 --> 00:23:32,577
of other discoveries
throughout the Midwest.
402
00:23:32,611 --> 00:23:34,246
Why?
403
00:23:34,279 --> 00:23:37,616
Is there some conspiracy to
hide these giant artifacts
404
00:23:37,649 --> 00:23:39,718
from the public?
405
00:23:39,751 --> 00:23:42,788
Giant skeleton
finds have not made
406
00:23:42,821 --> 00:23:46,258
the local or national
news much since the 1950s,
407
00:23:46,291 --> 00:23:47,659
for the most part.
408
00:23:47,692 --> 00:23:50,362
It seems the opinion
is that they fear
409
00:23:50,395 --> 00:23:54,432
that people would
question evolution.
410
00:24:18,690 --> 00:24:20,158
During the time of
these discoveries,
411
00:24:20,192 --> 00:24:22,227
the Smithsonian was
taking possession
412
00:24:22,260 --> 00:24:24,930
of nearly every
giant skeleton found
413
00:24:24,963 --> 00:24:26,998
throughout the entire country,
414
00:24:27,032 --> 00:24:30,468
including the largest
discovery of skeletons found
415
00:24:30,502 --> 00:24:32,904
in the Great Mound in Ohio.
416
00:24:32,938 --> 00:24:35,273
What the intent of
the institution was
417
00:24:35,307 --> 00:24:38,743
for the giant skeletons
has never been discovered.
418
00:24:38,777 --> 00:24:40,946
But several investigators today,
419
00:24:40,979 --> 00:24:44,816
believe the Smithsonian was
founded at least in part,
420
00:24:44,850 --> 00:24:48,086
to take the skeletons
and hide or destroy them,
421
00:24:48,119 --> 00:24:52,724
dumping some by the barge
full in the Atlantic Ocean.
422
00:24:52,757 --> 00:24:54,993
Why one might ask?
423
00:24:55,026 --> 00:24:58,129
Some believe it was to hide
the true history of the Earth,
424
00:24:58,163 --> 00:25:00,265
as giant skeletons
were being discovered
425
00:25:00,298 --> 00:25:03,134
throughout the world
in the late 1800s.
426
00:25:03,168 --> 00:25:04,703
And some believe it was
427
00:25:04,736 --> 00:25:07,272
to backup Darwin's
theory of evolution.
428
00:25:07,305 --> 00:25:11,176
If such entities lived on
Earth, thousands of years ago,
429
00:25:11,209 --> 00:25:13,812
then Darwin's theory
would be automatically
430
00:25:13,845 --> 00:25:16,081
called into question.
431
00:25:16,114 --> 00:25:18,817
Never included in
history books is the fact
432
00:25:18,850 --> 00:25:22,387
that every Native
American tribe in America
433
00:25:22,420 --> 00:25:26,458
tells the same tale of having
to fight and kill the giants,
434
00:25:26,491 --> 00:25:28,059
because they were maneaters
435
00:25:28,093 --> 00:25:31,129
and were decimating
the native tribes.
436
00:25:31,162 --> 00:25:33,798
Perhaps because the
giants were so large,
437
00:25:33,832 --> 00:25:36,668
the tribes mounded
dirt to bury them
438
00:25:36,701 --> 00:25:38,503
instead of digging graves,
439
00:25:38,536 --> 00:25:41,106
which would explain the
hundreds if not thousands
440
00:25:41,139 --> 00:25:44,509
of mound burial sites
throughout America.
441
00:25:45,777 --> 00:25:47,846
Giant skeletal remains
have been found
442
00:25:47,879 --> 00:25:50,248
from Brooklyn, New York
to the Channel Islands
443
00:25:50,282 --> 00:25:52,317
off the coast of California.
444
00:25:52,350 --> 00:25:54,853
Most of the remains
are mass burials
445
00:25:54,886 --> 00:25:57,088
with signs of violent death,
446
00:25:57,122 --> 00:26:00,358
as if a huge battle had
been fought then won,
447
00:26:00,392 --> 00:26:02,961
and the massacred buried
deep in the mounds
448
00:26:02,994 --> 00:26:04,996
to contain them.
449
00:26:06,498 --> 00:26:09,534
Most if not all of
American history textbooks
450
00:26:09,567 --> 00:26:14,506
never mention Cahokia, America's
greatest city for its time.
451
00:26:14,539 --> 00:26:19,210
A very large Indian trading
city, 3.5 miles in size
452
00:26:19,244 --> 00:26:22,614
on the site of where
St. Louis now stands.
453
00:26:22,647 --> 00:26:26,017
It was built about the same
time of the Mayan culture
454
00:26:26,051 --> 00:26:31,256
and was surrounded by 120
pyramids and farmland.
455
00:26:31,289 --> 00:26:35,060
At its zenith, the city
had 15,000 inhabitants,
456
00:26:35,093 --> 00:26:39,331
which compared to Paris
population wise at the time.
457
00:26:39,364 --> 00:26:42,500
The city existed at the same
time of the Mound Builders
458
00:26:42,534 --> 00:26:45,437
and it is surmised
that they were the ones
459
00:26:45,470 --> 00:26:47,372
who built Cahokia.
460
00:26:47,405 --> 00:26:52,110
But the mystery remains,
who were the Mound Builders?
461
00:26:52,143 --> 00:26:56,414
In 1170, a mysterious
fire destroyed the city
462
00:26:56,448 --> 00:26:57,382
when it was rebuilt.
463
00:26:57,415 --> 00:27:00,285
Defense walls were
built and new buildings,
464
00:27:00,318 --> 00:27:02,854
which were all
smaller and fortified.
465
00:27:02,887 --> 00:27:05,924
The city was never
populated or as powerful
466
00:27:05,957 --> 00:27:08,727
following that fire.
467
00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:10,528
No one knows how
the fire started,
468
00:27:10,562 --> 00:27:13,898
but the homes that burned
were built with thatched roofs
469
00:27:13,932 --> 00:27:16,334
and were easily destroyed.
470
00:27:16,368 --> 00:27:18,870
Archaeologists have
surmised that rebels
471
00:27:18,903 --> 00:27:21,940
burned the town and
instituted a sun imagery
472
00:27:21,973 --> 00:27:23,975
that was used thereafter.
473
00:27:24,009 --> 00:27:26,378
But if you put the pieces
of this puzzle together,
474
00:27:26,411 --> 00:27:31,449
you might come up with an
entirely different history.
475
00:27:31,483 --> 00:27:34,252
Considering the tales of
modern Native Americans,
476
00:27:34,285 --> 00:27:37,455
whose cultures related
stories of the giants,
477
00:27:37,489 --> 00:27:40,158
you can imagine that
they were the ones
478
00:27:40,191 --> 00:27:44,029
who burned Cahokia to destroy
the giants within the city.
479
00:27:44,062 --> 00:27:47,232
When they rebuilt, the
victorious Native Americans
480
00:27:47,265 --> 00:27:50,035
put up defenses and
built much smaller homes
481
00:27:50,068 --> 00:27:52,670
to live in because
they were not giants,
482
00:27:52,704 --> 00:27:54,272
like their predecessors.
483
00:27:54,305 --> 00:27:57,542
The homes they built were
more regulated in size
484
00:27:57,575 --> 00:28:00,745
and did not reflect
the wealth and stature
485
00:28:00,779 --> 00:28:05,250
that the previous larger
homes of the giants displayed.
486
00:28:29,407 --> 00:28:33,211
David Cusick, a Tuscororan
Indian, wrote in 1825
487
00:28:33,244 --> 00:28:36,214
about a giant tribe
called Ronnongwetowanca
488
00:28:36,247 --> 00:28:37,716
in the Ohio Valley.
489
00:28:37,749 --> 00:28:40,585
In his account, he wrote
that other smaller tribes
490
00:28:40,618 --> 00:28:43,321
grew tired of the
giants attacking them.
491
00:28:43,354 --> 00:28:46,357
So with a force of 800
warriors they killed
492
00:28:46,391 --> 00:28:48,960
all the Ronnongwetowanca people.
493
00:28:48,993 --> 00:28:52,430
After that, there were
no more giants anywhere.
494
00:28:52,464 --> 00:28:55,667
Cusick wrote that this
happened 2500 years
495
00:28:55,700 --> 00:29:01,106
before Columbus discovered
America, about 1000 B.C.
496
00:29:01,139 --> 00:29:03,575
The thousand giants
who were massacred
497
00:29:03,608 --> 00:29:06,578
were laid together in heaps
and covered with dirt,
498
00:29:06,611 --> 00:29:08,980
which again could explain
the mound building
499
00:29:09,013 --> 00:29:11,649
prevalent in the Ohio Valley.
500
00:29:11,683 --> 00:29:14,552
One amazing fact withheld
from history books
501
00:29:14,586 --> 00:29:17,555
is that virtually
every explorer who came
502
00:29:17,589 --> 00:29:21,159
to the New World
encountered giants.
503
00:29:21,192 --> 00:29:25,530
Amerigo Vespucci,
Magellan, Coronado, De Soto
504
00:29:25,563 --> 00:29:30,735
and Sir Francis Drake all
claimed giant encounters.
505
00:29:30,768 --> 00:29:33,571
Historically supported by
these eyewitness accounts
506
00:29:33,605 --> 00:29:36,574
of some of the world's
most esteemed explorers
507
00:29:36,608 --> 00:29:40,145
of the time, these stories
were also chronicled
508
00:29:40,178 --> 00:29:44,549
by the Spanish and other
lesser known explorers.
509
00:29:47,719 --> 00:29:50,221
Stories of giants
that occupied Europe
510
00:29:50,255 --> 00:29:52,123
comes from the Middle
Ages and involves
511
00:29:52,157 --> 00:29:55,593
a surprising figure,
St. Christopher.
512
00:29:55,627 --> 00:29:58,329
While modern stories
of St. Christopher
513
00:29:58,363 --> 00:30:00,632
simply make him out
as an ordinary man,
514
00:30:00,665 --> 00:30:03,268
or perhaps a
somewhat homely man,
515
00:30:03,301 --> 00:30:07,639
those who actually saw
him had a different story.
516
00:30:07,672 --> 00:30:10,341
According to his
peers, he was a giant
517
00:30:10,375 --> 00:30:14,512
belonging to a
tribe of dog-headed,
cannibalistic giants.
518
00:30:14,546 --> 00:30:17,348
Jacobus de Voragine
in "The Golden Legend"
519
00:30:17,382 --> 00:30:20,618
wrote of St. Christopher,
he was of gigantic stature,
520
00:30:20,652 --> 00:30:24,589
had a terrifying mien,
and was 12 coudees tall.
521
00:30:24,622 --> 00:30:27,959
A coudee is an ancient
measurement equal to
522
00:30:27,992 --> 00:30:32,130
or larger than the English
linear measurement of a foot.
523
00:30:32,163 --> 00:30:34,732
According to his
ancient account,
524
00:30:34,766 --> 00:30:38,136
St. Christopher stood
from 12 to 18 feet tall.
525
00:30:38,169 --> 00:30:41,105
A fact that had been
hidden in or even erased
526
00:30:41,139 --> 00:30:43,508
from church history.
527
00:30:57,889 --> 00:31:01,593
In humans, gigantism is
usually caused by a tumor
528
00:31:01,626 --> 00:31:03,761
on the pituitary
gland of the brain.
529
00:31:03,795 --> 00:31:06,598
It causes growth of the
hands, face and feet.
530
00:31:06,631 --> 00:31:10,001
In some cases, the condition
can be passed on genetically
531
00:31:10,034 --> 00:31:12,737
through a mutated gene.
532
00:31:12,770 --> 00:31:15,673
Many of those who have been
identified with gigantism
533
00:31:15,707 --> 00:31:17,976
have suffered from
multiple health issues,
534
00:31:18,009 --> 00:31:21,779
involving their circulatory
or skeletal system.
535
00:31:21,813 --> 00:31:25,216
Hypersecretion of growth
hormones causes gigantism
536
00:31:25,250 --> 00:31:27,151
in children and adults.
537
00:31:27,185 --> 00:31:30,421
Reports of gigantism
exist throughout history
538
00:31:30,455 --> 00:31:33,858
with some nations and
tribes taller than others.
539
00:31:33,891 --> 00:31:35,627
The giants of Crete are listed
540
00:31:35,660 --> 00:31:38,663
in various historical
sources, beginning with Titan,
541
00:31:38,696 --> 00:31:42,400
a greek mythological giant,
and including Gigantus,
542
00:31:42,433 --> 00:31:45,637
after whom giants and
gigantism are named.
543
00:31:45,670 --> 00:31:48,006
Rhodes is another
island where giants
544
00:31:48,039 --> 00:31:49,574
were said to have lived.
545
00:31:49,607 --> 00:31:51,909
With the Colossus of
Rhodes, a giant statue
546
00:31:51,943 --> 00:31:55,480
of a giant patron god Helios.
547
00:31:55,513 --> 00:31:57,682
Goliath, a giant
mentioned in the Bible,
548
00:31:57,715 --> 00:32:00,818
was a Philistine warrior
who was slain by David
549
00:32:00,852 --> 00:32:04,455
in a battle between the
Israelites and Philistines.
550
00:32:04,489 --> 00:32:07,492
A member of Goliath's
family is also recorded
551
00:32:07,525 --> 00:32:09,560
as having six
fingers on each hand
552
00:32:09,594 --> 00:32:12,864
and six toes on each feet.
553
00:32:14,766 --> 00:32:17,702
The Nephilim, who are
generally accepted to be giant,
554
00:32:17,735 --> 00:32:20,505
were the offspring
of the sons of God
555
00:32:20,538 --> 00:32:23,274
and the daughters of
men before the deluge
556
00:32:23,308 --> 00:32:24,809
according to "Genesis."
557
00:32:24,842 --> 00:32:27,745
The name is also used
in reference to giants
558
00:32:27,779 --> 00:32:30,615
who inhabited Canaan at the
time of the Israelite conquest
559
00:32:30,648 --> 00:32:33,184
of Canaan according
to "Numbers."
560
00:32:33,217 --> 00:32:37,021
A similar biblical Hebrew word
with different vowel sounds
561
00:32:37,055 --> 00:32:41,926
is used in "Ezekiel" to refer
to dead Philistine warriors.
562
00:32:41,959 --> 00:32:44,662
Cotton Mather believed
that fossilized leg bones
563
00:32:44,696 --> 00:32:48,966
and teeth discovered near
Albany, New York in 1705
564
00:32:49,000 --> 00:32:51,269
were the remains of
Nephilim who perished
565
00:32:51,302 --> 00:32:52,970
in a great flood.
566
00:32:53,004 --> 00:32:57,909
However, paleontologists claim
these are mastodon remains.
567
00:33:12,423 --> 00:33:14,525
Is it possible that
ancient monuments
568
00:33:14,559 --> 00:33:19,897
found throughout the world
were actually built by giants?
569
00:33:19,931 --> 00:33:24,102
Legend tells that Stonehenge
may have such origins.
570
00:33:24,135 --> 00:33:27,672
According to Geoffrey
of Monmouth, the
rocks of Stonehenge
571
00:33:27,705 --> 00:33:30,842
were healing rocks, called
the "Giant's Dance",
572
00:33:30,875 --> 00:33:34,011
which giants had brought
from Africa to Ireland
573
00:33:34,045 --> 00:33:35,813
for their healing properties.
574
00:33:35,847 --> 00:33:38,783
The 5th century king
Aurelius Ambrosius
575
00:33:38,816 --> 00:33:42,487
wished to erect a memorial
to 3,000 nobles slain
576
00:33:42,520 --> 00:33:46,691
in battle against the Saxons
and buried at Salisbury,
577
00:33:46,724 --> 00:33:50,361
and at Merlin's advice
chose Stonehenge.
578
00:33:50,395 --> 00:33:52,930
The king sent Merlin,
Uther Pendragon
579
00:33:52,964 --> 00:33:56,768
and 15,000 knights to
remove it from Ireland,
580
00:33:56,801 --> 00:33:59,270
which it had been constructed
on Mount Killaraus
581
00:33:59,303 --> 00:34:00,805
by the giants.
582
00:34:00,838 --> 00:34:04,442
They slew 7,000 Irish,
but as the knights tried
583
00:34:04,475 --> 00:34:08,546
to move the rocks with ropes
and force, they failed.
584
00:34:08,579 --> 00:34:11,749
Then Merlin, using
gear and skill,
585
00:34:11,783 --> 00:34:16,120
easily dismantled the stones
and sent them over to Britain,
586
00:34:16,154 --> 00:34:18,656
where Stonehenge was dedicated.
587
00:34:18,689 --> 00:34:21,325
It is said that these
kings were buried inside
588
00:34:21,359 --> 00:34:25,363
the "Giants' Rings
of Stonehenge."
589
00:34:25,396 --> 00:34:30,968
America also has a Stonehenge
dating back over 2,000 years.
590
00:34:31,002 --> 00:34:34,806
America's Stonehenge, sometimes
referred to as Mystery Hill,
591
00:34:34,839 --> 00:34:37,108
is an archaeological
site consisting
592
00:34:37,141 --> 00:34:40,445
of a number of large
rocks and stone structures
593
00:34:40,478 --> 00:34:42,613
scattered around
roughly 30 acres
594
00:34:42,647 --> 00:34:45,149
within the town of
Salem, New Hampshire
595
00:34:45,183 --> 00:34:47,685
in the northeast United States.
596
00:34:47,718 --> 00:34:50,755
Carbon dating of
charcoal pits at the site
597
00:34:50,788 --> 00:34:55,860
provided dates from
2,000 B.C. to 173 B.C.,
598
00:34:55,893 --> 00:34:59,297
when the area was
populated by ancestors
599
00:34:59,330 --> 00:35:01,466
of current Native Americans.
600
00:35:01,499 --> 00:35:03,701
In archaeological chronology,
601
00:35:03,734 --> 00:35:07,505
this places indigenous use
of the site either into
602
00:35:07,538 --> 00:35:11,008
the Late Archaic or the
Early Woodland time periods.
603
00:35:11,042 --> 00:35:16,948
It would have been in use
during the time of the giants.
604
00:35:16,981 --> 00:35:19,650
Bones and monuments are
not the only evidence
605
00:35:19,684 --> 00:35:22,687
suggesting the
existence of giants,
606
00:35:22,720 --> 00:35:26,991
huge footprints have
also been discovered,
607
00:35:27,024 --> 00:35:30,461
In 1897, the "Los
Angeles Herald" revealed
608
00:35:30,495 --> 00:35:33,431
that laborers had discovered
a fossil shoe print
609
00:35:33,464 --> 00:35:35,633
in solid rock.
610
00:35:35,666 --> 00:35:38,569
The imprint was that of a
shoe with high narrow heel
611
00:35:38,603 --> 00:35:40,571
and a broad flat sole.
612
00:35:40,605 --> 00:35:43,140
It was so clear in
the fine grain shale
613
00:35:43,174 --> 00:35:45,743
in which it was found,
that it looked as though
614
00:35:45,776 --> 00:35:48,513
the owner had unwittingly
put his foot right
615
00:35:48,546 --> 00:35:51,649
in the soft mud a
day or two before.
616
00:35:51,682 --> 00:35:54,385
Sandal or moccasin prints
have also been seen
617
00:35:54,418 --> 00:35:58,222
in gypsum of the White
Sands in New Mexico.
618
00:35:58,256 --> 00:36:02,260
Ellis Wright, in 1932,
found tracks of human form
619
00:36:02,293 --> 00:36:06,797
as large as 22 inches long.
620
00:36:06,831 --> 00:36:10,167
The White Sands were laid
down as an ancient inlet sea
621
00:36:10,201 --> 00:36:13,237
gradually dried up around
the time of the demise
622
00:36:13,271 --> 00:36:15,873
of the dinosaurs.
623
00:36:15,907 --> 00:36:18,809
The "American Anthropologist"
published an article
624
00:36:18,843 --> 00:36:22,780
in February 1896,
of a large stone
625
00:36:22,813 --> 00:36:25,483
bearing the perfect
imprint of a human foot,
626
00:36:25,516 --> 00:36:28,753
14.5 inches long.
627
00:36:28,786 --> 00:36:30,121
It was shown to member's
628
00:36:30,154 --> 00:36:33,758
of the Ohio State Academy
of Science in 1896.
629
00:36:33,791 --> 00:36:36,761
The stone slab had been
dug from the ground
630
00:36:36,794 --> 00:36:40,598
in a hill four miles north of
Parkersburg, West Virginia,
631
00:36:40,631 --> 00:36:43,167
some 20 years earlier.
632
00:36:43,200 --> 00:36:45,836
In 1938, Dr. Wilbur Burroughs,
633
00:36:45,870 --> 00:36:48,940
head of the geology department
at Berea College, Kentucky,
634
00:36:48,973 --> 00:36:52,977
announced that he had discovered
10 humanoid footprints
635
00:36:53,010 --> 00:36:55,613
in carboniferous
sandstone on a farm
636
00:36:55,646 --> 00:36:58,482
belonging to Mr. O.
Finnell in the hills in the
637
00:36:58,516 --> 00:37:00,785
southern part of
Rockcastle County.
638
00:37:00,818 --> 00:37:03,354
The prints were nine
and a half inches long
639
00:37:03,387 --> 00:37:05,122
and six inches wide.
640
00:37:05,156 --> 00:37:08,626
The length between
footprints was 18 inches.
641
00:37:08,659 --> 00:37:12,229
No marks of four feet
or a tail were found.
642
00:37:12,263 --> 00:37:15,866
Infrared photography revealed
that there were no signs
643
00:37:15,900 --> 00:37:20,538
of carving or
artificial markings in
or around the prints.
644
00:37:20,571 --> 00:37:22,807
A microscopic count
of sand grains
645
00:37:22,840 --> 00:37:25,009
indicated that the
material within the prints
646
00:37:25,042 --> 00:37:28,446
had been impacted and
created as the result
647
00:37:28,479 --> 00:37:30,748
of force pressing
down on the firmament
648
00:37:30,781 --> 00:37:33,017
while it was soft.
649
00:37:33,050 --> 00:37:35,853
These facts show that
the prints were made
650
00:37:35,886 --> 00:37:39,056
by the natural result of
pressure from the human foot,
651
00:37:39,090 --> 00:37:44,061
and in no way could have
been duplicated by carving.
652
00:37:45,296 --> 00:37:47,832
The rock in which the
prints were discovered
653
00:37:47,865 --> 00:37:52,737
was estimated to be
250 million years old.
654
00:37:54,038 --> 00:37:58,643
In recent years, the prints
have been destroyed by vandals.
655
00:38:08,052 --> 00:38:10,955
Giant tracks, seemingly
made by a human being,
656
00:38:10,988 --> 00:38:14,158
were found by a government
tracker in the Alkali Flats area
657
00:38:14,191 --> 00:38:18,162
of the great White Sands,
New Mexico in 1931.
658
00:38:18,195 --> 00:38:21,666
A year later, a party of four,
including O. Fred Arthur,
659
00:38:21,699 --> 00:38:23,968
supervisor of Lincoln
National Forest,
660
00:38:24,001 --> 00:38:26,003
set out to
investigate the tracks
661
00:38:26,037 --> 00:38:29,307
with the government trapper
Ellis Wright as their guide.
662
00:38:29,340 --> 00:38:33,144
They found 13 imprints
crossing a relic desert basin
663
00:38:33,177 --> 00:38:36,947
in the eastern most foothills
of the San Andreas Mountains.
664
00:38:36,981 --> 00:38:39,283
Despite the great
size of the tracks,
665
00:38:39,316 --> 00:38:41,819
the investigators were
convinced they were human,
666
00:38:41,852 --> 00:38:44,488
for the prints were perfect
and even the insteps
667
00:38:44,522 --> 00:38:46,590
were plainly marked.
668
00:38:46,624 --> 00:38:50,561
Oval shaped, the prints
are 16 to 22 inches long
669
00:38:50,594 --> 00:38:52,430
and eight to 12 inches wide,
670
00:38:52,463 --> 00:38:55,933
with a distance between
strides of about five feet
671
00:38:55,966 --> 00:38:59,770
and a separation in
width of two feet.
672
00:38:59,804 --> 00:39:03,708
In 1882, huge footprints,
strongly resembling
673
00:39:03,741 --> 00:39:06,277
those of a human wearing
shoes, were found
674
00:39:06,310 --> 00:39:09,780
in a layer of sandstone in
the yard of the state prison
675
00:39:09,814 --> 00:39:13,784
near Carson City, Nevada
during digging operations.
676
00:39:13,818 --> 00:39:17,555
The prints were between
18 and 20 inches long,
677
00:39:17,588 --> 00:39:20,191
and approximately
eight inches wide.
678
00:39:20,224 --> 00:39:23,694
The stride was about three
feet and the distance between
679
00:39:23,728 --> 00:39:25,863
the left and right
tracks, the straddle,
680
00:39:25,896 --> 00:39:28,999
was about 19 inches.
681
00:39:29,033 --> 00:39:31,635
Since the size of the prints
and the age of the rock
682
00:39:31,669 --> 00:39:33,204
at the layer they
were discovered,
683
00:39:33,237 --> 00:39:36,540
two to three million
years old, argued against
684
00:39:36,574 --> 00:39:39,810
a human or even a
humanoid origin.
685
00:39:39,844 --> 00:39:42,713
The prints were ascribed to
a more acceptable origin,
686
00:39:42,747 --> 00:39:45,783
the tracks of a
giant ground sloth.
687
00:39:45,816 --> 00:39:48,486
It's thought that these
animals could stand upright,
688
00:39:48,519 --> 00:39:52,823
but only by using their
tails for additional support.
689
00:39:52,857 --> 00:39:56,060
However, no tail track
was found at this site.
690
00:39:56,093 --> 00:39:58,996
It was also suggested
that perhaps the animal
691
00:39:59,029 --> 00:40:01,999
was walkIng on four feet
and that its rear legs
692
00:40:02,032 --> 00:40:06,337
were landing exactly in the
tracks left by its front feet.
693
00:40:06,370 --> 00:40:09,774
Thereby creating the
impression of a biped.
694
00:40:09,807 --> 00:40:12,009
But this fails to
account for the fact
695
00:40:12,042 --> 00:40:16,881
that the tracks show no toe
marks and appear to be sandals.
696
00:40:45,843 --> 00:40:48,579
What may well be the
oldest fossil footprint
697
00:40:48,612 --> 00:40:51,916
ever discovered,
was found in 1968
698
00:40:51,949 --> 00:40:55,753
by William J. Meister, an
amateur fossil collector.
699
00:40:55,786 --> 00:40:58,055
If the print is what
is appears to be,
700
00:40:58,088 --> 00:41:01,225
the impression of a sandaled
shoe crushing a trilobite,
701
00:41:01,258 --> 00:41:03,160
it would have had
to have been made
702
00:41:03,194 --> 00:41:06,764
300 to 600 million years ago,
703
00:41:06,797 --> 00:41:09,533
and would be sufficient
to either overturn
704
00:41:09,567 --> 00:41:11,669
all conventionally
accepted ideas
705
00:41:11,702 --> 00:41:14,205
of human and
geological evolution,
706
00:41:14,238 --> 00:41:16,440
or to prove that a
shoe wearing biped
707
00:41:16,473 --> 00:41:20,945
from another world had
once visited this planet.
708
00:41:20,978 --> 00:41:23,881
Meister made his
potentially disturbing find
709
00:41:23,914 --> 00:41:27,484
during a rock and fossil
hunting trip to Antelope Spring,
710
00:41:27,518 --> 00:41:30,387
43 miles west of Delta, Utah.
711
00:41:30,421 --> 00:41:34,158
His party had already discovered
several fossil trilobites
712
00:41:34,191 --> 00:41:37,027
when Meister split open
a rock with his hammer
713
00:41:37,061 --> 00:41:39,230
and made the outrageous find.
714
00:41:39,263 --> 00:41:42,967
The rock fell open like a
book revealing on one side
715
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:45,803
the footprint of a
human with trilobites
716
00:41:45,836 --> 00:41:47,972
right in the footprint itself.
717
00:41:48,005 --> 00:41:50,140
The other half of
the slab of the rock
718
00:41:50,174 --> 00:41:54,144
showed an almost perfect mold
of the footprint in fossils.
719
00:41:54,178 --> 00:41:58,048
Amazingly, the human
was wearing a sandal.
720
00:41:58,082 --> 00:42:01,218
Trilobites are small
marine invertebrates,
721
00:42:01,252 --> 00:42:03,921
the relatives of today's
shrimp and crabs,
722
00:42:03,954 --> 00:42:07,124
that flourished for
over 320 million years
723
00:42:07,157 --> 00:42:12,062
before becoming extinct
280 million years ago.
724
00:42:35,986 --> 00:42:38,622
If giant footprints are
not enough to convince
725
00:42:38,656 --> 00:42:40,291
even the most hardened skeptic,
726
00:42:40,324 --> 00:42:43,294
then giant tools and
artifacts might not budge
727
00:42:43,327 --> 00:42:45,729
their restricted
perceptions either.
728
00:42:45,763 --> 00:42:50,200
However, consider
these, in June 1936
729
00:42:50,234 --> 00:42:53,103
Max Hahn and his wife
Emma were on a walk
730
00:42:53,137 --> 00:42:56,507
when they noticed a rock with
wood protruding from its core.
731
00:42:56,540 --> 00:42:59,176
They took the rock home
and later cracked it open
732
00:42:59,209 --> 00:43:01,145
with a hammer and chisel.
733
00:43:01,178 --> 00:43:05,249
What they found within seemed
to be an ancient hammer.
734
00:43:05,282 --> 00:43:07,351
A team of archaeologists
checked it
735
00:43:07,384 --> 00:43:09,954
and determined the rock
encasing the hammer
736
00:43:09,987 --> 00:43:14,058
was dated back more
than 400 million years.
737
00:43:14,091 --> 00:43:16,293
The hammer itself
turned out to be be more
738
00:43:16,327 --> 00:43:18,662
than 500 million years old,
739
00:43:18,696 --> 00:43:21,298
according to the
same measurement.
740
00:43:21,332 --> 00:43:24,501
Apparently it's so old that
a section of the handle
741
00:43:24,535 --> 00:43:27,905
had begun the
transformation to coal.
742
00:43:27,938 --> 00:43:32,142
The hammer's head, made
of more than 96% iron,
743
00:43:32,176 --> 00:43:35,179
is far more pure
than anything nature
744
00:43:35,212 --> 00:43:39,683
could have achieved without
an assistance from technology.
745
00:43:39,717 --> 00:43:43,120
There had been a number of
intriguing finds in Indiana
746
00:43:43,153 --> 00:43:45,389
over the years,
including the discovery
747
00:43:45,422 --> 00:43:49,560
of eight skeletons, one
clad in copper armor
748
00:43:49,593 --> 00:43:52,329
buried in a perfect circle.
749
00:43:53,564 --> 00:43:56,734
In 1888, the Logan
Grey's, a military group
750
00:43:56,767 --> 00:44:01,171
led by A.M. Jones were
conducting military exercises
751
00:44:01,205 --> 00:44:05,576
on a small island on Eagle
Lake near Warsaw, Indiana.
752
00:44:05,609 --> 00:44:08,178
Under a flat stone,
they discovered a hole
753
00:44:08,212 --> 00:44:11,115
that led to an entrance
to a secret cave
754
00:44:11,148 --> 00:44:16,653
that was 25 feet long, 15
feet wide and eight feet deep.
755
00:44:16,687 --> 00:44:21,258
Inside was the skeleton of
a six foot, nine inch giant
756
00:44:21,291 --> 00:44:23,861
buried next to a
stream that led to what
757
00:44:23,894 --> 00:44:26,397
was called a sacred pool.
758
00:44:26,430 --> 00:44:28,866
In 1889, near Kewanna,
standing stones
759
00:44:28,899 --> 00:44:31,335
were found on a
mound and underneath
760
00:44:31,368 --> 00:44:34,204
another giant was unearthed.
761
00:44:34,238 --> 00:44:37,207
While in Whitlock,
Indiana another giant
762
00:44:37,241 --> 00:44:39,610
was found in association
with a group buried
763
00:44:39,643 --> 00:44:42,246
in a seating position.
764
00:45:10,074 --> 00:45:12,576
One of the largest finds
on record was reported
765
00:45:12,609 --> 00:45:15,679
in "A History of
Jennings County Indiana"
766
00:45:15,712 --> 00:45:18,515
published in 1885.
767
00:45:18,549 --> 00:45:22,720
It was reported that in 1881,
a nine foot tall skeleton
768
00:45:22,753 --> 00:45:24,988
was unearthed in a local mound,
769
00:45:25,022 --> 00:45:27,624
along with the body of
a blonde haired child.
770
00:45:27,658 --> 00:45:32,262
And finally, in 1912 an
enormous jaw was dug up,
771
00:45:32,296 --> 00:45:34,231
that had double rows of teeth,
772
00:45:34,264 --> 00:45:37,367
a unique characteristic
of some giants discovered
773
00:45:37,401 --> 00:45:40,170
in other parts of
the country as well.
774
00:45:40,204 --> 00:45:44,007
What is believed to be the
largest Indian stone ax
775
00:45:44,041 --> 00:45:46,510
in existence, is
among the collections
776
00:45:46,543 --> 00:45:49,513
of the Missouri
Historical Society.
777
00:45:49,546 --> 00:45:53,717
The ax is made of granite, it
measures 28 inches in length,
778
00:45:53,750 --> 00:45:57,754
14 inches in width and
11 inches in thickness
779
00:45:57,788 --> 00:46:01,191
and weighs more than 300 pounds.
780
00:46:01,225 --> 00:46:04,228
When found, the pointed
end was embedded
781
00:46:04,261 --> 00:46:06,630
in a small mound of
boulders and pebbles
782
00:46:06,663 --> 00:46:09,700
with the body and head
of the ax exposed.
783
00:46:09,733 --> 00:46:13,403
The hole apparently
forming a shrine or altar.
784
00:46:13,437 --> 00:46:16,240
The ax resembles
a tomahawk pipe,
785
00:46:16,273 --> 00:46:19,610
its upper end or head
is slightly hallowed out
786
00:46:19,643 --> 00:46:22,346
and in this depression
was ceremoniously placed
787
00:46:22,379 --> 00:46:25,048
a small quantity of tobacco.
788
00:46:25,082 --> 00:46:28,418
A well beaten moccasin
trail led up the incline
789
00:46:28,452 --> 00:46:30,554
of the eminence in
which the shrine stood,
790
00:46:30,587 --> 00:46:33,290
indicating that the
place had long been used
791
00:46:33,323 --> 00:46:36,126
for religious purposes.
792
00:46:36,160 --> 00:46:38,262
According to Chippewa tradition,
793
00:46:38,295 --> 00:46:41,632
the ax has been held in
veneration by these Indians
794
00:46:41,665 --> 00:46:44,434
from time immemorial.
795
00:46:46,603 --> 00:46:50,207
The Guadeloupe Woman is a
well authenticated discovery,
796
00:46:50,240 --> 00:46:52,242
which has been in
the British Museum
797
00:46:52,276 --> 00:46:54,511
for over half a century.
798
00:46:54,545 --> 00:46:57,047
In 1812, on the coast
of the French Caribbean
799
00:46:57,080 --> 00:47:01,618
island of Guadeloupe, a fully
human skeleton was found,
800
00:47:01,652 --> 00:47:05,389
complete in every aspect
except for the feet and head.
801
00:47:05,422 --> 00:47:09,092
It belonged to a woman about
five foot two inches tall.
802
00:47:09,126 --> 00:47:11,528
What makes this of
great significance
803
00:47:11,562 --> 00:47:15,432
is the fact that this
skeleton was found inside
804
00:47:15,465 --> 00:47:18,569
extremely hard,
very old limestone,
805
00:47:18,602 --> 00:47:23,307
which was part of a formation
more than a mile in length.
806
00:47:23,340 --> 00:47:26,276
Modern geological dating
places this formation
807
00:47:26,310 --> 00:47:29,646
at 28 million years old,
808
00:47:29,680 --> 00:47:33,083
which is 25 million
years before modern man
809
00:47:33,116 --> 00:47:36,887
is supposed to have
first appeared on Earth.
810
00:47:36,920 --> 00:47:40,490
Since such a date for a
regular person does not fit
811
00:47:40,524 --> 00:47:44,394
evolutionary theory, you will
not find Guadeloupe Woman
812
00:47:44,428 --> 00:47:47,264
mentioned in any
hominid textbooks.
813
00:47:47,297 --> 00:47:51,068
To do so would be to
disprove evolutionary dating
814
00:47:51,101 --> 00:47:52,936
of rock formations.
815
00:47:52,970 --> 00:47:54,905
When the two ton
limestone block,
816
00:47:54,938 --> 00:47:56,673
containing Guadeloupe Woman,
817
00:47:56,707 --> 00:48:01,178
was first put on exhibit in
the British Museum in 1812,
818
00:48:01,211 --> 00:48:05,549
it was displayed as proof
of the Genesis flood.
819
00:48:05,582 --> 00:48:08,151
But that was 20
years before Lyell
820
00:48:08,185 --> 00:48:11,555
and nearly 50 years
before Darwin.
821
00:48:11,588 --> 00:48:15,192
In 1881, the exhibit
was quietly taken down
822
00:48:15,225 --> 00:48:19,463
to the basement and
remains there to this day.
823
00:48:31,808 --> 00:48:33,877
Many giant skeletons
have been found
824
00:48:33,910 --> 00:48:38,015
in or near Native American
mounds and burial places.
825
00:48:38,048 --> 00:48:41,852
Native Americans have many
legends regarding giants.
826
00:48:41,885 --> 00:48:43,687
Here are just a few.
827
00:48:43,720 --> 00:48:46,456
The Apache have a
legend about Big Owl,
828
00:48:46,490 --> 00:48:48,859
a malicious and dangerous giant,
829
00:48:48,892 --> 00:48:52,562
often used as a bogeyman
in children's stories.
830
00:48:52,596 --> 00:48:56,400
In some Apache tribes,
Big Owl also plays
831
00:48:56,433 --> 00:48:58,735
a more important
mythological role
832
00:48:58,769 --> 00:49:02,072
as an early adversary
of the War Twins.
833
00:49:02,105 --> 00:49:04,574
Like other legendary
Apache beings,
834
00:49:04,608 --> 00:49:06,810
Big Owl is sometimes
described as
835
00:49:06,843 --> 00:49:10,380
having a human form, in
this case a man-eating ogre
836
00:49:10,414 --> 00:49:12,649
and other times an animal form,
837
00:49:12,683 --> 00:49:14,651
such as a large horned owl,
838
00:49:14,685 --> 00:49:18,655
large enough to
carry off a child.
839
00:49:18,689 --> 00:49:21,658
Giwakwa are the evil
man-eating ice giants
840
00:49:21,692 --> 00:49:24,261
of southern Wabanaki legends.
841
00:49:24,294 --> 00:49:26,196
According to most legends,
842
00:49:26,229 --> 00:49:28,031
Giwakwa was once a human being,
843
00:49:28,065 --> 00:49:31,068
who either became
possessed by an evil spirit
844
00:49:31,101 --> 00:49:33,270
or committed a terrible crime,
845
00:49:33,303 --> 00:49:36,006
especially cannibalism
or withholding food
846
00:49:36,039 --> 00:49:41,578
from a starving person, causing
his heart to turn to ice.
847
00:49:41,611 --> 00:49:44,915
In some Abenaki legends,
the stone giants
848
00:49:44,948 --> 00:49:46,616
were not transformed humans
849
00:49:46,650 --> 00:49:49,519
but primordial
man-eating monsters
850
00:49:49,553 --> 00:49:53,523
defeated by the
culture hero Gluskabe.
851
00:49:54,791 --> 00:49:57,928
Kolowa is a kind of
hairy man-eating ogre
852
00:49:57,961 --> 00:50:01,498
from Creek mythology, some
recent Creek storytellers
853
00:50:01,531 --> 00:50:04,735
have translated it to gorilla.
854
00:50:04,768 --> 00:50:07,938
The Lofa is a malevolent,
ogre-like monster
855
00:50:07,971 --> 00:50:09,639
of Chickasaw folklore.
856
00:50:09,673 --> 00:50:12,876
His name literally
means flayer or skinner,
857
00:50:12,909 --> 00:50:16,346
a reference to his gruesome
habit of flaying the skin
858
00:50:16,380 --> 00:50:18,181
from his victims.
859
00:50:18,215 --> 00:50:22,419
In some legends, he attempts
to abduct Chickasaw women.
860
00:50:22,452 --> 00:50:25,021
He is sometimes
described as a giant
861
00:50:25,055 --> 00:50:28,625
and other times as a
large, hairy, smelly man,
862
00:50:28,658 --> 00:50:31,294
leading some people
to associate him
863
00:50:31,328 --> 00:50:33,997
with the Bigfoot legend.
864
00:50:37,267 --> 00:50:40,604
Moshup is giant, who
is the culture hero
865
00:50:40,637 --> 00:50:43,907
of Mohegan and Wampanoag tribes.
866
00:50:43,940 --> 00:50:47,978
Sometimes referred to as a
transformer by folklorists.
867
00:50:48,011 --> 00:50:51,248
Moshup is strongly
associated with whales.
868
00:50:51,281 --> 00:50:53,683
In most most tribal traditions,
869
00:50:53,717 --> 00:50:56,353
he would catch whales
to fed the people.
870
00:50:56,386 --> 00:50:58,922
And in some stories,
Moshup and his children
871
00:50:58,955 --> 00:51:03,527
eventually transform
into whales themselves.
872
00:51:03,560 --> 00:51:05,929
Moshup has a wife
named Squannit,
873
00:51:05,962 --> 00:51:10,467
who is a powerful medicine
woman of the Little People.
874
00:51:10,500 --> 00:51:13,236
The Shampe is a malevolent,
ogre-like monster
875
00:51:13,270 --> 00:51:15,205
of Chickasaw folklore.
876
00:51:15,238 --> 00:51:19,409
In some legends, he attempts
to abduct Choctaw women.
877
00:51:19,443 --> 00:51:21,711
In others, he is a man-eater.
878
00:51:21,745 --> 00:51:24,347
He is sometimes
described as a giant
879
00:51:24,381 --> 00:51:26,850
and other times as
a large hairy man,
880
00:51:26,883 --> 00:51:29,286
leading some people
to associate him
881
00:51:29,319 --> 00:51:31,555
with the Bigfoot
legends as well.
882
00:51:31,588 --> 00:51:34,424
His most salient
feature is his smell,
883
00:51:34,458 --> 00:51:37,694
Shampe smell is so overpowering
884
00:51:37,727 --> 00:51:40,530
that a person cannot be
bear to be around him,
885
00:51:40,564 --> 00:51:43,600
making him difficult to fight.
886
00:51:45,635 --> 00:51:48,939
Stoneclad is a monster
from Cherokee folklore.
887
00:51:48,972 --> 00:51:53,310
Details about Stoneclad vary
from telling to telling.
888
00:51:53,343 --> 00:51:55,812
In some versions
there is only one,
889
00:51:55,846 --> 00:51:59,783
while in other versions there
is a whole race of Stoneclads.
890
00:51:59,816 --> 00:52:03,587
He is a stone-skinned
giant like the Stonecoats
891
00:52:03,620 --> 00:52:05,722
of the northern Iroquois tribe.
892
00:52:05,755 --> 00:52:09,759
In all cases, he has
rocklike plates of armor
893
00:52:09,793 --> 00:52:12,863
that protect him from
fire, cold and weapons.
894
00:52:12,896 --> 00:52:16,266
He's defeated only through
sapping his magical power
895
00:52:16,299 --> 00:52:19,069
by destroying his talismans.
896
00:52:41,358 --> 00:52:44,594
Of course many Native legends
could simply be stories
897
00:52:44,628 --> 00:52:47,631
made up to keep
children in line.
898
00:52:47,664 --> 00:52:49,466
But most historians
will tell you
899
00:52:49,499 --> 00:52:53,737
that legends are usually
rooted in some truth.
900
00:52:53,770 --> 00:52:56,239
Native Americans who
encountered giants
901
00:52:56,273 --> 00:52:59,309
would create stories to
pass the incidents down
902
00:52:59,342 --> 00:53:00,744
in oral tradition.
903
00:53:00,777 --> 00:53:03,446
With the discovery of
so many giant skeletons
904
00:53:03,480 --> 00:53:05,615
unearthed in the United States,
905
00:53:05,649 --> 00:53:07,918
it would have been impossible
for Native Americans
906
00:53:07,951 --> 00:53:11,721
to have never encountered them.
907
00:53:11,755 --> 00:53:14,724
There is strong evidence
that Native American folklore
908
00:53:14,758 --> 00:53:17,360
about giants is true.
909
00:53:17,394 --> 00:53:19,563
Seven foot tall
skeletons have been found
910
00:53:19,596 --> 00:53:22,365
in burial mounds
of southeast towns
911
00:53:22,399 --> 00:53:26,736
that were home to the
ancestors of the Creek Indians.
912
00:53:26,770 --> 00:53:29,639
As European settlers pushed
across North America,
913
00:53:29,673 --> 00:53:32,409
newspapers printed stories
about the discovery
914
00:53:32,442 --> 00:53:34,244
of giant skeletons.
915
00:53:34,277 --> 00:53:37,247
Some were described as
being normal human beings,
916
00:53:37,280 --> 00:53:38,748
but very tall.
917
00:53:38,782 --> 00:53:42,886
Others had skulls with
more primitive features.
918
00:53:42,919 --> 00:53:45,622
The most credible stories
of giant skeletons
919
00:53:45,655 --> 00:53:48,325
were concentrated
in the Appalachians,
920
00:53:48,358 --> 00:53:51,194
Cumberland Plateau
and Ohio Basin.
921
00:53:51,227 --> 00:53:53,663
They were typically
found in graves lined
922
00:53:53,697 --> 00:53:56,766
with stone slabs or field
stones, known as the
923
00:53:56,800 --> 00:53:59,469
stone box grave culture.
924
00:53:59,502 --> 00:54:02,706
In 1821, seven
foot tall skeletons
925
00:54:02,739 --> 00:54:05,475
in stone-lined
sarcophagus were found
926
00:54:05,508 --> 00:54:08,845
in a White County,
Tennessee burial area.
927
00:54:11,114 --> 00:54:14,718
Legends from Midwest tribes
tell of lightly pigmented,
928
00:54:14,751 --> 00:54:17,754
yellow or red haired
giants living around the
929
00:54:17,787 --> 00:54:20,056
Great Lakes or southern Canada.
930
00:54:20,090 --> 00:54:23,159
Occasionally these
giants travelled south
931
00:54:23,193 --> 00:54:24,728
into their territories.
932
00:54:24,761 --> 00:54:26,863
While some encounters
were benign,
933
00:54:26,896 --> 00:54:30,066
others resulted in warfare.
934
00:54:30,100 --> 00:54:32,002
The Cherokees claimed
to have killed
935
00:54:32,035 --> 00:54:36,239
the last tall white Indians,
while still living in Kentucky
936
00:54:36,272 --> 00:54:38,808
and West Virginia.
937
00:54:40,844 --> 00:54:43,913
Western pioneers sometimes
found what they assumed
938
00:54:43,947 --> 00:54:46,616
were giant fossilized
human skeletons
939
00:54:46,650 --> 00:54:49,052
along exposed
banks and in caves.
940
00:54:49,085 --> 00:54:51,521
They described these
skeletons as much thicker
941
00:54:51,554 --> 00:54:53,056
than modern humans.
942
00:54:53,089 --> 00:54:56,860
Some claim the skulls
had double rows of teeth.
943
00:54:56,893 --> 00:54:59,963
Several western tribes
tell of past confrontations
944
00:54:59,996 --> 00:55:01,931
with lightly pigmented giants
945
00:55:01,965 --> 00:55:04,801
with either blonde or red hair.
946
00:55:04,834 --> 00:55:07,404
The Paiutes claim that
the giants were cannibals,
947
00:55:07,437 --> 00:55:09,572
who hunted Paiutes for food.
948
00:55:09,606 --> 00:55:11,708
They repeatedly
attacked the giants
949
00:55:11,741 --> 00:55:13,910
until their numbers dwindled.
950
00:55:13,943 --> 00:55:16,913
The surviving giants
were cornered in a cave,
951
00:55:16,946 --> 00:55:19,449
then either shot with
arrows or asphyxiated.
952
00:55:19,482 --> 00:55:22,452
by setting a fire
at the entrance.
953
00:55:31,227 --> 00:55:35,065
In 1754, George
Washington was colonel
954
00:55:35,098 --> 00:55:38,001
of the Virginia
Colonial militia.
955
00:55:38,034 --> 00:55:40,937
When hostilities
broke out with France,
956
00:55:40,970 --> 00:55:44,240
he supervised construction
of Fort Loudon
957
00:55:44,274 --> 00:55:46,710
in Winchester, Virginia.
958
00:55:46,743 --> 00:55:48,912
Laborers digging the
fort's foundation
959
00:55:48,945 --> 00:55:52,716
uncovered a cemetery
of seven foot skeletons
960
00:55:52,749 --> 00:55:56,252
and what appeared to be
Native American artifacts.
961
00:55:56,286 --> 00:56:00,290
The skeletons were viewed
and reported by Washington.
962
00:56:00,323 --> 00:56:03,326
It is not known what
happened to them.
963
00:56:03,359 --> 00:56:06,096
This discovery gives
credibility to reports
964
00:56:06,129 --> 00:56:09,899
of seven foot tall skeletons
discovered in West Virginia,
965
00:56:09,933 --> 00:56:14,437
Kentucky, southern Ohio
and southern Indiana.
966
00:56:17,874 --> 00:56:21,745
Thousands of years ago,
giants roamed the west.
967
00:56:21,778 --> 00:56:23,780
Their crude camps
and ferocious ways
968
00:56:23,813 --> 00:56:26,583
terrorized the early
native settlers
969
00:56:26,616 --> 00:56:28,718
that had wandered
across the land bridge
970
00:56:28,752 --> 00:56:30,720
into the North
American continent
971
00:56:30,754 --> 00:56:32,856
and traveled south and westward
972
00:56:32,889 --> 00:56:36,860
into what later became the
west and great southwest
973
00:56:36,893 --> 00:56:39,028
of the United States.
974
00:56:39,062 --> 00:56:41,998
Tribes still speak
of these ancient days
975
00:56:42,031 --> 00:56:45,268
when their ancestors
fought desperate battles
976
00:56:45,301 --> 00:56:47,804
against the marauding,
loping giants,
977
00:56:47,837 --> 00:56:50,406
some towering 12
feet tall or taller,
978
00:56:50,440 --> 00:56:54,144
that roamed the land viciously
attacking settlements,
979
00:56:54,177 --> 00:56:56,446
brutally carrying
off screaming women
980
00:56:56,479 --> 00:56:59,549
and wailing children for food.
981
00:57:26,743 --> 00:57:29,813
Of all of the Indian
mounds that exist today,
982
00:57:29,846 --> 00:57:32,949
most have barely
been investigated.
983
00:57:32,982 --> 00:57:36,286
The few gigantic
skeletons found in some,
984
00:57:36,319 --> 00:57:40,590
have been dismissed or
suppressed as aberrations.
985
00:57:40,623 --> 00:57:45,295
Ten and 12 foot humans do
not fit dogmatic theories.
986
00:57:45,328 --> 00:57:47,931
Usually when giant
skeletons are found
987
00:57:47,964 --> 00:57:49,999
they're laughed off as hoaxes.
988
00:57:50,033 --> 00:57:53,837
Unfortunately, orthodox
science has too much to lose
989
00:57:53,870 --> 00:57:57,674
by investigating the
mounds thoroughly.
990
00:57:57,707 --> 00:58:02,145
Archaeologists cannot deny that
the Mound Builders are real.
991
00:58:02,178 --> 00:58:03,813
What they deny are the things
992
00:58:03,847 --> 00:58:07,050
sometimes discovered
inside the mounds.
993
00:58:07,083 --> 00:58:09,219
Over the past
century and a half,
994
00:58:09,252 --> 00:58:12,021
it's been revealed
again and again
995
00:58:12,055 --> 00:58:15,325
that some of the mounds,
and the small pyramids,
996
00:58:15,358 --> 00:58:18,061
are the burial
grounds of huge men
997
00:58:18,094 --> 00:58:20,263
often eight feet or taller,
998
00:58:20,296 --> 00:58:24,734
that had a very
sophisticated culture.
999
00:58:24,767 --> 00:58:26,669
Some of the giants
have been found wearing
1000
00:58:26,703 --> 00:58:30,907
intricate leather armor and
have been buried with swords.
1001
00:58:30,940 --> 00:58:34,510
One such giant was
found near Spiro Mound
1002
00:58:34,544 --> 00:58:38,014
in Oklahoma during the 1930s.
1003
00:58:48,224 --> 00:58:49,959
Who were these mysterious people
1004
00:58:49,993 --> 00:58:53,029
that roamed America long
before the wooly mammoths
1005
00:58:53,062 --> 00:58:55,331
became extinct?
1006
00:58:55,365 --> 00:58:58,801
Were they are ancestors or
another race of giant humans
1007
00:58:58,835 --> 00:59:03,439
from a civilization
that predates our own?
1008
00:59:03,473 --> 00:59:07,110
From the time settlers first
set foot on American soil,
1009
00:59:07,143 --> 00:59:11,214
we have been finding
evidence of giants.
1010
00:59:11,247 --> 00:59:13,483
Most of this evidence
has been destroyed
1011
00:59:13,516 --> 00:59:16,853
or sequestered away, in order
to either hide the truth
1012
00:59:16,886 --> 00:59:19,889
or make it difficult
to quantify artifacts
1013
00:59:19,923 --> 00:59:22,458
and harder to study.
1014
00:59:23,793 --> 00:59:26,529
There does appear
to be a conspiracy
1015
00:59:26,562 --> 00:59:28,398
to shelter evidence of giants,
1016
00:59:28,431 --> 00:59:32,068
and it has been going on
since science has been aware
1017
00:59:32,101 --> 00:59:37,173
of the bones and materials
associated with these anomalies.
1018
00:59:37,206 --> 00:59:40,977
Our whole history would
change if all the evidence
1019
00:59:41,010 --> 00:59:43,880
of giants could be revealed.
1020
00:59:43,913 --> 00:59:46,349
Perhaps our civilization
is not yet ready
1021
00:59:46,382 --> 00:59:49,485
to accept the existence
of those lofty beings
1022
00:59:49,519 --> 00:59:52,655
that roamed the
Earth centuries ago.
1023
00:59:52,689 --> 00:59:57,560
Or perhaps others have
made that decision for us.
1024
00:59:57,593 --> 00:59:59,829
And we are left with
only scant remnants
1025
00:59:59,862 --> 01:00:03,333
of a civilization
larger than life.
1026
01:00:04,567 --> 01:00:09,372
Eventually more evidence and
artifacts will be discovered.
1027
01:00:09,405 --> 01:00:12,742
Perhaps then we'll have
a more complete picture
1028
01:00:12,775 --> 01:00:15,945
of our gigantic history.
1029
01:01:23,312 --> 01:01:26,082
- Reality Films.
84282
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