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Saturday August 12 2011 20 M the
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southern Barents Sea north of murmansk
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russia
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even in summer snow can fall on these
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waters that border the Kola Peninsula
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[Music]
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but they are the only permanently ice
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tree access that russia's northern fleet
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has to the world and it is at this time
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of year that russia conducts war games
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for the ships of this fleet
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today the Russian Cruiser Peter the
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great leads other vessels of the fleet
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in a game of cat and mouse their
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opponent is not an American but a
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Russian submarine designated k14 one
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her name is coerced
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[Music]
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the captain of the course can his crew
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make preparations for a mock attack it
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is an attack that will never happen at
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11:28 an explosion equivalent to 200
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pounds of TNT rocks the course
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[Music]
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sixty-five miles away from course the
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American submarine Memphis lies
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eavesdropping on the Russian exercise
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only minutes after the first explosion a
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second massive blast over 40 times
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greater than the first registers on the
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American sonar we will never know for
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certain the cause of the explosions what
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is known is that the enormous force of
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the second blast sends the Kursk and her
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crew to the bottom of the Barents Sea it
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would be the Russian Navy's greatest
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tragedy but the events that sank this
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great ship did not begin in these frigid
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waters or in the year 2000 sometimes I'm
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asked when did the the Kursk accident
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actually happen and the easy answer is
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to say it happened on August 12th 2000
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but actually that the real answer it has
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happened 10 years earlier it happened
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when the the Soviet Union collapsed the
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Revolution in 1991 would bring freedoms
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that Russians had been dreaming of for
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decades but it would also reveal that
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what had been the Soviet Union was on
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the brink of economic collapse the Navy
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and its great submarine force were not
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immune to huge cutbacks
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life in the Soviet Navy had never been
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pampered but sailors in the new Russian
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maybe now endured hardships never before
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asked of them
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[Music]
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at its peak in the mid-1980s the Soviet
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submarine force deployed as many as 180
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boats but by the end of the 90s fewer
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than 40 subs remained in service
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northern ports were filled with rusting
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abandoned submarines now bringing those
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kind of systems when you don't have much
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in the way of financial backup and
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support is really quite difficult that
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it soon becomes potentially dangerous
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but these guys were so so transcendently
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patriotic about what they were doing for
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the weather they were willing to defend
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it and they were proud of defending it
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regardless of what it took even amidst
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the cutbacks the seventh member of a new
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class of submarines is launched in May
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1994 this newest sub is named for the
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largest tank battle of World War two the
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enormous new boat is christened course
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the curse was 505 feet long 60 feet
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across at the beam and displaced 18,000
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tons submerged it was impressive no
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question about it you we often look at
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the Russian Navy the Russian Armed
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Forces and believe it's a generation
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behind what the United States fields but
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in fact the Kursk was an exceptional
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piece of engineering
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kursk is five stories high on the length
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of two jumbo jets in to end our mess
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decks are spacious amazingly she even
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has sauna baths and a swimming pool to
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move all this through the water Kursk is
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powered by two nuclear reactors that can
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propel her at almost 30 knots while
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submerged
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in August 2000 the captain of this
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remarkable vessel is 45 year old qunari
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lyachin
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he is a respected commander who is
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admired by his crew as fair and capable
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as he prepares to launch his practice
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attack against the Peter the Great on
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that August day and mm the action
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commands 117 men captain lieutenant
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Dmitri Kalashnikov is typical of the men
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of the course the son of a submariner
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Kalashnikov has been aboard Kursk for
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five years and loves his work he had
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recently married and brought his new
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bride Olga to visit the ship he was so
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committed to Olga and the rest of the
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world will never know exactly what
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happened on that day but it is possible
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to reconstruct some of the events as
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captain the action slowed to 8 knots he
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prepared to launch a practice version of
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the 6576 torpedo that Russian sailors
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nicknamed fatty or the fat girl
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the fat-girl torpedo weighs 9,000 pounds
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and is propelled by kerosene fuel but to
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move this enormous weapon at high speeds
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the energy supplied to the motor by the
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kerosene must receive an immense boost
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by being force-fed huge amounts of
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oxygen the oxygen has supplied by a
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simple but highly concentrated chemical
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called hydrogen peroxide hydrogen
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peroxide is a manufactured chemical they
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start with water and then they put an
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extra oxygen atom on each water molecule
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but if the hydrogen peroxide comes in
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contact with certain catalytics
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materials such as copper or brass or
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other contaminants then the hydrogen
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peroxide begins to disassociate rapidly
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it produces great heat the heat in turn
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generates great pressure by expanding
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the volume of peroxide by five thousand
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times but the Russians were willing to
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gamble on using this temperamental but
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powerful chemical both the British and
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American Navy has introduced peroxide
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torpedoes at the end of World War two
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but by the 1960s both navies abandoned
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peroxide as too dangerous
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peroxide powered torpedoes required
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ongoing and highly skilled maintenance
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such maintenance can be demanding in the
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most well-funded navies in the Russian
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Navy of 2000 peroxide torpedoes were
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accidents waiting to happen
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later review of records indicated the
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peroxide fueled weapon that went into
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the Kursk torpedo tube had not received
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the maintenance it required it became
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clear that those torpedoes had been
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stored and forgotten they had been
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neglected and this is not a can of
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tomato soup that can be stored on a
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shelf for years sometime that morning of
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August 12th the high-test peroxide
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probably managed to leak through a
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gasket or corroded seal and once the
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leaking peroxide contacted brass or
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copper pressure began to build with
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irresistible force until at last the
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torpedo exploded like a balloon backward
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into the torpedo room
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the massive fireball raced through the
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first compartments killing all in its
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path probably including captain Lee
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auction
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within seconds temperatures in the
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torpedo room soared to 5,000 degrees
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until at least four torpedo warheads
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exploded with the force of five tons of
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TNT the blast obliterated the front of
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the cushion slowly the great ship headed
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down by the bow until she settled on the
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bottom
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50 feet below the surface the shock wave
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had moved back through the Sun battering
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down bulkheads and instantly killing all
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eight you
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but buried in the belly of course the
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heavily reinforced nuclear reactor had
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stopped the force of the tremendous
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explosion after the reactor four
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compartments remained unfunded huddled
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inside 23 men now awaited their fate
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modern marvels Kursk
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will return in a moment we now return to
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an inviting disaster curse on modern
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marvels the explosions aboard the Kursk
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illustrate the principle that when human
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lives are at stake
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need immediate help from wherever source
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international from experts around the
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world from other governments that is no
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time to be hiding to be evasive to be
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attempting to salvage a reputation
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[Music]
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August 12 2000 sometime afternoon four
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of the rear compartments of course cap
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survived the terrible explosions of that
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morning in the red glow of emergency
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lighting survivors help each other
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toward the last compartment or the air
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will soon become a stale atmosphere
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rapidly filling with carbon dioxide they
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are alive but the cramped space in which
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they now huddle is miserable
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it's extremely cold it's extremely dark
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they're very frightened and they
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probably got the feeling in the back of
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their mind that no one knows that it's
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happened to them like all modern Serbs
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Kursk was equipped with two escape
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hatches one has survived the blast it is
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theoretically possible that the men can
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put on breathing masks and float to the
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surface but if no one picks them up
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immediately they will die of hypothermia
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there is another problem their small
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compartment is leaking the pressure of
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350 feet of depth is forcing water into
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the cell the worst is in the ninth
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compartment which is the last in the
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submarine it is here that the propulsion
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shafts go through the hull to the
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propellers with no forward movement the
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pressure has water shooting in around
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the shaft but it isn't drowning that
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threatens the map the problem wouldn't
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have been the water coming into the
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submarine is the fact that the the water
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would would cause the pressure to rise
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as water fills the compartment the
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remaining air surrounding the men would
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be compressed into higher and higher
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pressure in any escape attempt
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nitrogen forced into the crews blood by
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the pressure would turn to bubbles as
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they ascended twisting joints and making
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breathing impossible faced with frigid
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water and possibly dying of the bends
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the men in compartment 9 make a choice
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they decided that since they knew that
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the Northern Fleet had a submarine
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rescue capabilities they would wait for
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rescue and who's to blame them
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captain lieutenant Dmitri Kalashnikov
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has taken it upon himself to assume
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command of the survivors after the
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decision is made to stay in the course
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he manages to find paper and writes to
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his wife
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Olga I love you please don't be too
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upset it's 1316 all the crew from
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sections 6 7 & 8 have moved to section 9
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there are 23 of us here we have made
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this decision because none of us can
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escape
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the problem with the survivors decision
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to stay is that no one on the surface is
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taking any action to come to their aid
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on board his flagship Peter the Great a
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commander of the Northern Fleet Admiral
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Vishwa Popov is aware of course kis
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overdue to check in now he's told two
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explosions have been picked up by sonar
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as an X sub marine er Popov knows
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something terrible has happened to Kursk
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he also knows that as the fleet
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commander he would take a great deal of
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the blame in the tradition of the
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00:12:51,850 --> 00:12:56,610
Russian military his immediate reaction
277
00:12:53,948 --> 00:12:58,809
on this day is to do nothing
278
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many people say that one of the greatest
279
00:12:58,809 --> 00:13:02,500
weaknesses of the Russian Northup leet
280
00:13:00,639 --> 00:13:05,049
in fact of the Russian armed forces is
281
00:13:02,500 --> 00:13:07,328
the flow of information very few people
282
00:13:05,049 --> 00:13:08,639
have an incentive to pass bad news up
283
00:13:07,328 --> 00:13:11,588
the chain of command
284
00:13:08,639 --> 00:13:14,438
Popov finally notifiers the high command
285
00:13:11,589 --> 00:13:16,430
but it is not until 12 hours after the
286
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sinking that an emergency is declared
287
00:13:16,429 --> 00:13:19,549
[Music]
288
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the Northern Fleet has rescued
289
00:13:19,549 --> 00:13:23,389
submersibles in nearby ports whose
290
00:13:21,649 --> 00:13:25,970
mission it is to rescue stranded
291
00:13:23,389 --> 00:13:27,710
submarine errs by diving down and
292
00:13:25,970 --> 00:13:31,120
locking on to the escape hatch of the
293
00:13:27,710 --> 00:13:34,250
stricken sub one of these submersibles
294
00:13:31,120 --> 00:13:36,350
Capri's his finally loaded aboard a
295
00:13:34,250 --> 00:13:38,659
support vessel and put to sea but
296
00:13:36,350 --> 00:13:42,490
Russian rescue vessels have also been
297
00:13:38,659 --> 00:13:42,490
the victims of Russian budget cuts
298
00:13:43,679 --> 00:13:50,019
Sunday August 13th 5:20 p.m. nearly 30
299
00:13:48,460 --> 00:13:52,720
hours after the course went to the
300
00:13:50,019 --> 00:13:55,600
bottom the priests at last dives to
301
00:13:52,720 --> 00:13:58,360
attempt a rescue the submersible relies
302
00:13:55,600 --> 00:14:01,570
on very crude thrusters to position her
303
00:13:58,360 --> 00:14:03,909
over the course even worse her batteries
304
00:14:01,570 --> 00:14:06,240
are hopelessly outdated and will allow
305
00:14:03,909 --> 00:14:09,219
only a short time to attempt the rescue
306
00:14:06,240 --> 00:14:11,320
in spite of the limitations the crew of
307
00:14:09,220 --> 00:14:14,590
the priests come close to locking on to
308
00:14:11,320 --> 00:14:16,120
the course but their attempts fail and
309
00:14:14,590 --> 00:14:18,879
they are forced to return to the surface
310
00:14:16,120 --> 00:14:21,220
to recharge batteries it is sadly
311
00:14:18,879 --> 00:14:22,960
apparent that the little Russian sub is
312
00:14:21,220 --> 00:14:25,750
not equipped to bring the men of course
313
00:14:22,960 --> 00:14:28,540
back to the surface they were well
314
00:14:25,750 --> 00:14:30,879
manned by very professional very proud
315
00:14:28,539 --> 00:14:32,740
in fact very courageous men but they
316
00:14:30,879 --> 00:14:34,899
couldn't fight the beam adequate
317
00:14:32,740 --> 00:14:37,269
engineering the inadequate repair work
318
00:14:34,899 --> 00:14:39,490
the inadequate maintenance had been
319
00:14:37,269 --> 00:14:42,250
hadn't been done for for many many years
320
00:14:39,490 --> 00:14:45,480
but alternatives to the obsolete priests
321
00:14:42,250 --> 00:14:47,559
are available and standing by
322
00:14:45,480 --> 00:14:49,539
intelligent sectors of the British in
323
00:14:47,559 --> 00:14:52,239
American navies know full well that a
324
00:14:49,539 --> 00:14:54,370
Russian submarine has been lost and both
325
00:14:52,240 --> 00:14:56,350
navies maintain excellent submarine
326
00:14:54,370 --> 00:14:58,240
rescue vessels ready to travel anywhere
327
00:14:56,350 --> 00:15:01,090
in the world at a moment's notice
328
00:14:58,240 --> 00:15:05,409
the Russians know this but they refused
329
00:15:01,090 --> 00:15:07,269
to ask for help for over 40 years the
330
00:15:05,409 --> 00:15:09,069
British and American navies had been
331
00:15:07,269 --> 00:15:10,669
Russia's opponents in the game of the
332
00:15:09,070 --> 00:15:13,370
Cold War
333
00:15:10,669 --> 00:15:16,219
to rush to ask Western Navy's for help
334
00:15:13,370 --> 00:15:19,909
now is more than the pride of Russian
335
00:15:16,220 --> 00:15:22,580
Admirals can accept some individuals who
336
00:15:19,909 --> 00:15:24,079
are still you know thinking that you
337
00:15:22,580 --> 00:15:26,180
know they're still spying on us they're
338
00:15:24,080 --> 00:15:29,060
still practicing with us as their as
339
00:15:26,179 --> 00:15:31,159
their enemy etc etc this is not a good
340
00:15:29,059 --> 00:15:34,519
time for us to get all kissy faced
341
00:15:31,159 --> 00:15:36,980
what's fascinating to me is it is still
342
00:15:34,519 --> 00:15:40,169
the Cold War the Cold War is still very
343
00:15:36,980 --> 00:15:42,690
much alive in the kursk event
344
00:15:40,169 --> 00:15:45,028
it was probably never realistic that the
345
00:15:42,690 --> 00:15:47,790
Russian Navy would turn to the Americans
346
00:15:45,028 --> 00:15:49,828
for help but the British Royal Navy does
347
00:15:47,789 --> 00:15:52,649
not come with nearly as much political
348
00:15:49,828 --> 00:15:54,359
baggage and the British have two forms
349
00:15:52,649 --> 00:15:57,208
of technology that might save the
350
00:15:54,360 --> 00:15:59,669
survivors on the course the first is
351
00:15:57,208 --> 00:16:02,379
1,500 miles away sitting in a
352
00:15:59,669 --> 00:16:05,139
maintenance building in Scotland
353
00:16:02,379 --> 00:16:08,529
this is lr5 she weighs about 21 and a
354
00:16:05,139 --> 00:16:10,600
half tons and she can carry a 16 rescue
355
00:16:08,529 --> 00:16:14,039
ease and she has a crew of three and
356
00:16:10,600 --> 00:16:18,399
she's developed to go to depths of up to
357
00:16:14,039 --> 00:16:20,500
400 meters the lr5 submersible is
358
00:16:18,399 --> 00:16:24,840
similar to the russian pries but
359
00:16:20,500 --> 00:16:24,840
possesses much more advanced technology
360
00:16:26,669 --> 00:16:31,929
using sophisticated sonar the lr5 can be
361
00:16:30,370 --> 00:16:34,600
maneuvered to the escape hatch of a
362
00:16:31,929 --> 00:16:37,479
stricken sub up to 1,200 feet down
363
00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:38,980
unlike the Russian vessel lr5 can
364
00:16:37,480 --> 00:16:41,920
approach the stricken submarine from
365
00:16:38,980 --> 00:16:44,289
almost any angle a flexible skirt
366
00:16:41,919 --> 00:16:46,449
settles over the escape hatch water
367
00:16:44,289 --> 00:16:49,089
inside the skirt is pumped out sealing
368
00:16:46,450 --> 00:16:51,040
the lr5 in the sub like a suction cup
369
00:16:49,090 --> 00:16:52,720
the subs hatch is opened and the
370
00:16:51,039 --> 00:16:58,029
stranded crew can be taken aboard the
371
00:16:52,720 --> 00:16:59,920
rescue vessel the offshore oil industry
372
00:16:58,029 --> 00:17:01,779
of britain and norway has been
373
00:16:59,919 --> 00:17:04,180
responsible for developing another
374
00:17:01,779 --> 00:17:06,789
technology that could be used to rescue
375
00:17:04,180 --> 00:17:08,589
the kursk survivors in order to
376
00:17:06,789 --> 00:17:10,629
construct and repair oil drilling
377
00:17:08,588 --> 00:17:12,669
equipment on the seafloor the oil
378
00:17:10,630 --> 00:17:16,060
industry has perfected the technique of
379
00:17:12,670 --> 00:17:18,100
saturation diving the technique allows
380
00:17:16,059 --> 00:17:21,309
divers to work at deep ocean pressure
381
00:17:18,099 --> 00:17:23,289
down to a thousand feet then returned to
382
00:17:21,309 --> 00:17:27,188
the surface without experiencing the
383
00:17:23,289 --> 00:17:29,200
bends to do this divers are placed in
384
00:17:27,189 --> 00:17:31,360
chambers which increase the pressure on
385
00:17:29,200 --> 00:17:34,630
their bodies until it equals that of the
386
00:17:31,359 --> 00:17:37,219
ocean floor the divers are then lowered
387
00:17:34,630 --> 00:17:38,930
to the bottom by a diving bell
388
00:17:37,220 --> 00:17:41,660
when they have finished work for the day
389
00:17:38,930 --> 00:17:44,150
they return to rest in the pressurized
390
00:17:41,660 --> 00:17:46,400
chamber when their work is completely
391
00:17:44,150 --> 00:17:48,590
finished the Chamber's slowly reduces
392
00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:50,950
the pressure on their bodies until it
393
00:17:48,589 --> 00:17:53,689
again matches the surface atmosphere
394
00:17:50,950 --> 00:17:55,160
if saturation divers can reach the
395
00:17:53,690 --> 00:17:57,170
course perhaps they can establish
396
00:17:55,160 --> 00:18:00,200
contact with any survivors
397
00:17:57,170 --> 00:18:02,060
Russia has very few such divers and no
398
00:18:00,200 --> 00:18:04,340
equipment to support such a complex
399
00:18:02,059 --> 00:18:06,859
mission but in the days following the
400
00:18:04,339 --> 00:18:13,129
accident the Russians see no reason to
401
00:18:06,859 --> 00:18:15,619
ask others to help as a storm tosses the
402
00:18:13,130 --> 00:18:18,560
waters above the sunken course time is
403
00:18:15,619 --> 00:18:20,659
passing the Russians have failed in
404
00:18:18,559 --> 00:18:23,299
their rescue attempts the odds are
405
00:18:20,660 --> 00:18:24,870
increasingly against the 23 trapped
406
00:18:23,299 --> 00:18:26,940
survivors
407
00:18:24,869 --> 00:18:29,908
the courage of the men in that
408
00:18:26,940 --> 00:18:31,500
compartment as witnessed by the notes
409
00:18:29,909 --> 00:18:34,080
that were recovered that they had
410
00:18:31,500 --> 00:18:38,730
written to their families was absolutely
411
00:18:34,079 --> 00:18:40,889
heroic I don't know how he did it inside
412
00:18:38,730 --> 00:18:43,500
the dark and cold coffin of the ninth
413
00:18:40,890 --> 00:18:46,500
compartment the surviving men are left
414
00:18:43,500 --> 00:18:49,619
with only flashlights the gasp for
415
00:18:46,500 --> 00:18:53,390
breath as oxygen disappears Dmitriy
416
00:18:49,619 --> 00:18:56,879
Kalashnikov writes again to his wife
417
00:18:53,390 --> 00:18:59,490
none of us can escape to the surface it
418
00:18:56,880 --> 00:19:03,149
seems like there are no chances in the
419
00:18:59,490 --> 00:19:06,359
more than 10 or 20% let's hope that at
420
00:19:03,148 --> 00:19:10,528
least someone will read this regards to
421
00:19:06,359 --> 00:19:12,740
everybody no need to despair collision
422
00:19:10,528 --> 00:19:12,740
cough
423
00:19:14,028 --> 00:19:19,159
your heart goes out to this case the
424
00:19:17,269 --> 00:19:22,909
Soviet Navy's first nuclear submarine
425
00:19:19,159 --> 00:19:26,239
was the k3 velinski Komsomol it crossed
426
00:19:22,909 --> 00:19:30,349
the North Pole in 1962 modern marvels
427
00:19:26,239 --> 00:19:32,719
will return in a moment we now return to
428
00:19:30,348 --> 00:19:36,048
an inviting disaster curse on modern
429
00:19:32,719 --> 00:19:39,409
marvels the cursed disaster is only one
430
00:19:36,048 --> 00:19:41,440
in a long line of cases of misuse and
431
00:19:39,409 --> 00:19:43,909
under respect of explosive materials
432
00:19:41,440 --> 00:19:46,879
there's the explosion at the New London
433
00:19:43,909 --> 00:19:50,659
Texas school district the main school
434
00:19:46,878 --> 00:19:53,298
building in 1937 where just after school
435
00:19:50,659 --> 00:19:55,989
almost three hundred adults and children
436
00:19:53,298 --> 00:19:58,819
were caught up in the explosion of
437
00:19:55,989 --> 00:20:01,700
natural gas and the second case that
438
00:19:58,819 --> 00:20:04,968
comes to mind is Texas City Texas where
439
00:20:01,700 --> 00:20:09,288
the grand camp and a Liberty ship full
440
00:20:04,969 --> 00:20:12,019
of 2,200 tons of ammonium nitrate caught
441
00:20:09,288 --> 00:20:14,598
fire the ship exploded killing almost
442
00:20:12,019 --> 00:20:17,269
500 people so what we have here are
443
00:20:14,598 --> 00:20:19,009
cases where people were lulled into
444
00:20:17,269 --> 00:20:21,019
security although they were dealing with
445
00:20:19,009 --> 00:20:22,940
large amounts of explosive materials and
446
00:20:21,019 --> 00:20:25,179
we would see that happen again with
447
00:20:22,940 --> 00:20:25,179
curse
448
00:20:26,140 --> 00:20:32,830
Monday August 14th day 3 Vladimir Putin
449
00:20:30,670 --> 00:20:35,320
Russian president for just three months
450
00:20:32,829 --> 00:20:38,230
is on vacation at the Black Sea when
451
00:20:35,319 --> 00:20:40,389
coast goes to the bottom he is not told
452
00:20:38,230 --> 00:20:43,390
of the accident until almost a day later
453
00:20:40,390 --> 00:20:47,880
he accepts advise to remain on holiday
454
00:20:43,390 --> 00:20:47,880
it is a decision he will regret
455
00:20:48,130 --> 00:20:53,110
in England on this day Commodore David
456
00:20:50,919 --> 00:20:55,390
Russell is the duty officer in charge of
457
00:20:53,109 --> 00:20:56,589
submarines for the Royal Navy when he is
458
00:20:55,390 --> 00:20:59,110
told of the course
459
00:20:56,589 --> 00:21:01,480
I think the first reaction was a
460
00:20:59,109 --> 00:21:02,678
submariner that I had that there was
461
00:21:01,480 --> 00:21:05,529
something wrong with another submarine
462
00:21:02,679 --> 00:21:08,140
was that really it's the same reaction
463
00:21:05,529 --> 00:21:09,730
that anyone who goes to sea has with any
464
00:21:08,140 --> 00:21:11,799
disaster at sea is that you really want
465
00:21:09,730 --> 00:21:13,179
to help if you can I think that's
466
00:21:11,798 --> 00:21:15,400
particularly acute in the case of
467
00:21:13,179 --> 00:21:17,169
submariners you know what it's going to
468
00:21:15,400 --> 00:21:19,120
be like on board and you know that time
469
00:21:17,169 --> 00:21:22,000
is of the essence we don't need any
470
00:21:19,119 --> 00:21:24,719
orders in situations like that we make
471
00:21:22,000 --> 00:21:27,400
up our minds and we get on with it
472
00:21:24,720 --> 00:21:29,470
without orders or authorisation and
473
00:21:27,400 --> 00:21:31,870
still unrequested by Russia
474
00:21:29,470 --> 00:21:34,380
Russell begins to set wheels in motion
475
00:21:31,869 --> 00:21:37,839
to come to the aid of possible survivors
476
00:21:34,380 --> 00:21:40,120
he loads the lr5 aboard a huge Antonov
477
00:21:37,839 --> 00:21:43,089
cargo jet which will carry the rescue
478
00:21:40,119 --> 00:21:44,709
submersible to Norway there it will
479
00:21:43,089 --> 00:21:47,829
rendezvous with the mothership the
480
00:21:44,710 --> 00:21:50,079
Normand pioneer you'd go with what can
481
00:21:47,829 --> 00:21:51,599
and you get it to to Norway put it on
482
00:21:50,079 --> 00:21:55,329
board the mothership and send the ship
483
00:21:51,599 --> 00:21:59,288
towards Russian waters because you can
484
00:21:55,329 --> 00:22:01,689
always bring it back by noon on Monday
485
00:21:59,288 --> 00:22:03,250
the British Embassy in Moscow officially
486
00:22:01,690 --> 00:22:05,710
offers help for the rescue
487
00:22:03,250 --> 00:22:09,038
American officials will soon do the same
488
00:22:05,710 --> 00:22:11,370
but in Russia military leaders are still
489
00:22:09,038 --> 00:22:14,079
pretending that all is under control
490
00:22:11,369 --> 00:22:16,178
rumors are flying everywhere about the
491
00:22:14,079 --> 00:22:18,339
loss of the Kursk instead of addressing
492
00:22:16,179 --> 00:22:20,500
the rumors with directness and honesty
493
00:22:18,339 --> 00:22:23,199
the Russian military resorts to the
494
00:22:20,500 --> 00:22:27,490
deceptions of the past the Kursk is
495
00:22:23,200 --> 00:22:29,890
described as having simply a malfunction
496
00:22:27,490 --> 00:22:31,870
Admiral Popov offers the preposterous
497
00:22:29,890 --> 00:22:34,030
claimed that communications have been
498
00:22:31,869 --> 00:22:36,969
established with the crew and that water
499
00:22:34,029 --> 00:22:39,399
and oxygen are being supplied
500
00:22:36,970 --> 00:22:41,500
it is poignant to think that as they
501
00:22:39,400 --> 00:22:43,870
were dying there in the ninth
502
00:22:41,500 --> 00:22:46,000
compartment their families are sure were
503
00:22:43,869 --> 00:22:48,489
being comprehensively lied to by the
504
00:22:46,000 --> 00:22:50,970
Admirals for those 23 men were serving
505
00:22:48,490 --> 00:22:54,130
if got even as hours turned today's
506
00:22:50,970 --> 00:22:56,440
media pressure at home and international
507
00:22:54,130 --> 00:22:59,919
a begins to build for President Putin to
508
00:22:56,440 --> 00:23:01,808
intervene in Kursk operations it is no
509
00:22:59,919 --> 00:23:04,750
longer the dark Soviet days of
510
00:23:01,808 --> 00:23:07,269
restricted press now reporters want to
511
00:23:04,750 --> 00:23:09,099
know why Putin is still on holiday and
512
00:23:07,269 --> 00:23:10,859
why the names of those aboard course
513
00:23:09,099 --> 00:23:13,869
have yet to be released
514
00:23:10,859 --> 00:23:16,058
he'd only been in power remember 100
515
00:23:13,869 --> 00:23:18,369
days at this point he didn't understand
516
00:23:16,058 --> 00:23:20,079
that he had to be seen to be helping
517
00:23:18,369 --> 00:23:22,000
that he couldn't just delegate this to
518
00:23:20,079 --> 00:23:23,798
submarine rescue professionals up there
519
00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:26,859
on the Kola Peninsula that he had to get
520
00:23:23,798 --> 00:23:29,079
personally involves finally the Russian
521
00:23:26,859 --> 00:23:31,029
president begins to grasp the potential
522
00:23:29,079 --> 00:23:34,089
political consequences of the unraveling
523
00:23:31,029 --> 00:23:36,279
story of course after a call from
524
00:23:34,089 --> 00:23:38,709
President Bill Clinton urging him to act
525
00:23:36,279 --> 00:23:43,149
putin orders his admirals to accept
526
00:23:38,710 --> 00:23:45,610
Western aid in the rescue one of the
527
00:23:43,150 --> 00:23:47,409
first things requested our divers to go
528
00:23:45,609 --> 00:23:49,719
down to the course to see if they can
529
00:23:47,409 --> 00:23:52,240
get any response from inside the vessel
530
00:23:49,720 --> 00:23:54,220
the call for help goes to sport a
531
00:23:52,240 --> 00:23:55,549
Norwegian and British underwater
532
00:23:54,220 --> 00:23:58,819
construction company
533
00:23:55,549 --> 00:24:01,240
industry one of the first goals they
534
00:23:58,819 --> 00:24:03,919
make mr. diver Tony Scott
535
00:24:01,240 --> 00:24:06,559
then when the phone call came from stole
536
00:24:03,920 --> 00:24:08,810
offshore never because it they just said
537
00:24:06,559 --> 00:24:11,059
it deep diving job in north and always I
538
00:24:08,809 --> 00:24:13,549
knew what it was because you know it's
539
00:24:11,059 --> 00:24:17,240
expecting something and just so jumped
540
00:24:13,549 --> 00:24:19,220
at the opportunity Tony Scott and the
541
00:24:17,240 --> 00:24:21,589
other saturation divers will meet the
542
00:24:19,220 --> 00:24:23,660
dive ship Seaway eagle in Trump's own
543
00:24:21,589 --> 00:24:26,569
Norway where it will be rigged for the
544
00:24:23,660 --> 00:24:27,350
mission in less than 12 hours the Eagle
545
00:24:26,569 --> 00:24:29,169
heads north
546
00:24:27,349 --> 00:24:33,469
she is followed by the Normand pioneer
547
00:24:29,170 --> 00:24:34,759
carrying the lr5 rescue self Commodore
548
00:24:33,470 --> 00:24:36,769
David Russell will be overall
549
00:24:34,759 --> 00:24:39,769
coordinating officer for the Royal Navy
550
00:24:36,769 --> 00:24:41,869
what he needs now are technical answers
551
00:24:39,769 --> 00:24:44,900
and we need technical information
552
00:24:41,869 --> 00:24:46,069
because this is a complex operation you
553
00:24:44,900 --> 00:24:49,280
need to know what the situation is
554
00:24:46,069 --> 00:24:51,200
actually on site but Russian authorities
555
00:24:49,279 --> 00:24:53,480
are not quick to provide such
556
00:24:51,200 --> 00:24:56,390
information it is clear that they are
557
00:24:53,480 --> 00:24:58,339
stalling the British rescue team heads
558
00:24:56,390 --> 00:25:00,400
toward the Kursk knowing little more
559
00:24:58,339 --> 00:25:03,169
than what has appeared in the press as
560
00:25:00,400 --> 00:25:05,030
the British ships team north at full
561
00:25:03,170 --> 00:25:07,820
speed Russia's Deputy Prime Minister
562
00:25:05,029 --> 00:25:10,069
ilya klebanov meets with the families
563
00:25:07,819 --> 00:25:12,529
and attempts to dodge responsibility for
564
00:25:10,069 --> 00:25:14,210
the accident without any evidence he
565
00:25:12,529 --> 00:25:16,200
claims the course was sunk by an
566
00:25:14,210 --> 00:25:18,749
American submarine
567
00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:21,269
Nadezhda Tillich has a son aboard Kursk
568
00:25:18,749 --> 00:25:23,608
at last her fear and frustration with
569
00:25:21,269 --> 00:25:26,249
such lies move her to interrupt the
570
00:25:23,608 --> 00:25:34,470
Deputy Prime Minister and shout what so
571
00:25:26,249 --> 00:25:35,759
many families are feeling in a scene
572
00:25:34,470 --> 00:25:37,889
that shocks the world
573
00:25:35,759 --> 00:25:39,899
a female medic steps forward with a
574
00:25:37,888 --> 00:25:42,418
hypodermic needle containing sedatives
575
00:25:39,898 --> 00:25:45,648
she injects Nadezhda Tilak through her
576
00:25:42,419 --> 00:25:45,649
coat into her thigh
577
00:25:49,750 --> 00:25:55,089
Tillich sinks into her chair as the
578
00:25:52,059 --> 00:25:57,039
sedative takes effect Russia is changing
579
00:25:55,089 --> 00:26:02,980
but some of the old ways of dealing with
580
00:25:57,039 --> 00:26:06,190
dissent still remain Saturday August
581
00:26:02,980 --> 00:26:07,990
19th 11:30 a.m. the Normand pioneer
582
00:26:06,190 --> 00:26:11,470
arrives at the site of the accident
583
00:26:07,990 --> 00:26:13,930
hopes are high the Kursk is a huge ship
584
00:26:11,470 --> 00:26:16,960
a sealed compartment would hold a large
585
00:26:13,930 --> 00:26:19,810
quantity of air perhaps enough that men
586
00:26:16,960 --> 00:26:21,640
could still be alive but the English and
587
00:26:19,809 --> 00:26:24,009
Norwegian rescue team is greeted with a
588
00:26:21,640 --> 00:26:24,540
shock when Russian Admirals arrive for a
589
00:26:24,009 --> 00:26:26,740
meeting
590
00:26:24,539 --> 00:26:29,710
Russian search-and-rescue commander
591
00:26:26,740 --> 00:26:32,230
Admiral Gennady Viraj amazingly tows
592
00:26:29,710 --> 00:26:35,410
Commodore Russell that the lr5 will have
593
00:26:32,230 --> 00:26:37,630
to stay miles away from the course the
594
00:26:35,410 --> 00:26:40,540
rescue team begins to wonder why they've
595
00:26:37,630 --> 00:26:42,730
come I think the problem was we rapidly
596
00:26:40,539 --> 00:26:44,349
began to get the feeling that actually
597
00:26:42,730 --> 00:26:46,360
admiral rich Lee's agenda was one of
598
00:26:44,349 --> 00:26:48,730
their probably are dead already we just
599
00:26:46,359 --> 00:26:50,889
need to bring this to a quick close by
600
00:26:48,730 --> 00:26:51,910
finding that out we know as submariners
601
00:26:50,890 --> 00:26:53,500
what it would be like to be in that
602
00:26:51,910 --> 00:26:55,990
position he really wouldn't like someone
603
00:26:53,500 --> 00:26:57,430
giving up after four or five days mainly
604
00:26:55,990 --> 00:26:59,769
because that's what the book said and
605
00:26:57,430 --> 00:27:02,680
you'd want them to continue until there
606
00:26:59,769 --> 00:27:04,720
was absolutely no chance the British and
607
00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:07,539
Norwegian team the best hope for rescue
608
00:27:04,720 --> 00:27:09,519
is at last on the scene but it appears
609
00:27:07,539 --> 00:27:12,700
they will not be allowed to give the men
610
00:27:09,519 --> 00:27:16,359
of course that one last chance for
611
00:27:12,700 --> 00:27:18,250
survival the US Navy's first use of a
612
00:27:16,359 --> 00:27:21,609
rescue craft occurred after the sinking
613
00:27:18,250 --> 00:27:24,240
of the squalus in 1939 modern marvels
614
00:27:21,609 --> 00:27:24,240
we'll return in a moment
615
00:27:24,670 --> 00:27:31,100
we now return to an inviting disaster
616
00:27:27,019 --> 00:27:33,500
curse on modern marvels one way to think
617
00:27:31,099 --> 00:27:37,039
of it is that so much effort goes into
618
00:27:33,500 --> 00:27:39,289
developing these machines and it seems
619
00:27:37,039 --> 00:27:43,720
to suck up the money and the time and
620
00:27:39,289 --> 00:27:46,759
the expertise leaving the tail-end for
621
00:27:43,720 --> 00:27:49,009
working out the kinks for writing the
622
00:27:46,759 --> 00:27:52,670
manuals for working through the
623
00:27:49,009 --> 00:27:56,500
procedures what if X happens what are
624
00:27:52,670 --> 00:27:56,500
the people on the scene supposed to do
625
00:27:57,179 --> 00:28:04,200
Sunday August 20th 10:00 a.m. the ninth
626
00:28:00,388 --> 00:28:06,628
day after traveling over 1500 miles the
627
00:28:04,200 --> 00:28:10,229
lr5 and its crew are now forced to sit
628
00:28:06,628 --> 00:28:12,269
helplessly miles from the Kursk Russian
629
00:28:10,229 --> 00:28:15,119
Admiral Gennady Viraj won't admit it but
630
00:28:12,269 --> 00:28:17,729
he has never wanted foreigners involved
631
00:28:15,118 --> 00:28:21,449
in the course of tragedy he just wants
632
00:28:17,729 --> 00:28:24,859
to get the situation resolved good or
633
00:28:21,450 --> 00:28:27,899
bad but without foreigners dead guys
634
00:28:24,858 --> 00:28:30,449
equals not so great but dead guys with
635
00:28:27,898 --> 00:28:33,058
foreigners equals a you know sort of a
636
00:28:30,450 --> 00:28:35,308
political living hell but the Russians
637
00:28:33,058 --> 00:28:39,450
do finally authorized the divers from
638
00:28:35,308 --> 00:28:41,249
Seaway eagle to go down to course Tony
639
00:28:39,450 --> 00:28:42,569
Scott and the other Norwegian and
640
00:28:41,249 --> 00:28:44,460
British divers have been in the
641
00:28:42,569 --> 00:28:47,398
compression chamber for hours preparing
642
00:28:44,460 --> 00:28:49,619
for the descent now they enter the
643
00:28:47,398 --> 00:28:54,088
diving bell and head for the bottom I
644
00:28:49,618 --> 00:28:56,668
think everybody was thinking that it
645
00:28:54,088 --> 00:28:58,019
wasn't a hundred percent likely that
646
00:28:56,669 --> 00:28:59,879
there was gonna be any survivors but
647
00:28:58,019 --> 00:29:01,888
there was just that chance the Scott
648
00:28:59,878 --> 00:29:04,408
leaves the diving bell and enters the
649
00:29:01,888 --> 00:29:08,069
cold pitch dark world of the ocean floor
650
00:29:04,409 --> 00:29:11,059
to maintain body heat at this depth hot
651
00:29:08,069 --> 00:29:14,878
water is constantly pumped into his suit
652
00:29:11,058 --> 00:29:17,519
was a very big prominent white painted
653
00:29:14,878 --> 00:29:20,338
ring around the hatch and that came into
654
00:29:17,519 --> 00:29:22,200
view you know I had imagined it to be a
655
00:29:20,338 --> 00:29:24,148
rounded shape and you might have to
656
00:29:22,200 --> 00:29:27,719
clean on two entire self off but you
657
00:29:24,148 --> 00:29:30,748
just might it was just like staying on
658
00:29:27,719 --> 00:29:33,359
top of the buildings a bit after a few
659
00:29:30,749 --> 00:29:36,239
minutes dive supervisors above passed
660
00:29:33,358 --> 00:29:38,338
the word it is time to send a signal to
661
00:29:36,239 --> 00:29:41,608
anyone who might still be alive inside
662
00:29:38,338 --> 00:29:43,668
the course Scott will tap a pre-arranged
663
00:29:41,608 --> 00:29:46,249
code on the side of the hall
664
00:29:43,669 --> 00:29:50,549
it is no date it will be heard inside
665
00:29:46,249 --> 00:29:54,058
and what we were desperately hoping to
666
00:29:50,548 --> 00:29:56,908
hear was a return tub every person on
667
00:29:54,058 --> 00:29:58,529
the the Eagle was awake little ships
668
00:29:56,909 --> 00:29:58,900
holding his breath and hoping
669
00:29:58,529 --> 00:30:02,078
best
670
00:29:58,900 --> 00:30:02,079
[Music]
671
00:30:09,369 --> 00:30:14,500
I mean we did want it to be you know if
672
00:30:13,089 --> 00:30:16,359
you could will something to happen
673
00:30:14,500 --> 00:30:19,329
that's what wanted happen you wanted to
674
00:30:16,359 --> 00:30:21,909
hear something Tony rests his head on
675
00:30:19,329 --> 00:30:25,990
the hole and stops breathing to listen
676
00:30:21,910 --> 00:30:28,740
for the slightest response sadly there
677
00:30:25,990 --> 00:30:28,740
is no answer
678
00:30:29,359 --> 00:30:34,049
but the lack of response to the tapping
679
00:30:32,039 --> 00:30:37,829
still doesn't rule out the chance of
680
00:30:34,049 --> 00:30:40,230
life inside not having gained any
681
00:30:37,829 --> 00:30:41,939
response that didn't necessarily mean
682
00:30:40,230 --> 00:30:43,079
there was nobody alive you know they
683
00:30:41,940 --> 00:30:46,230
could have been unconscious they could
684
00:30:43,079 --> 00:30:48,539
have been in stupor or coma whatever the
685
00:30:46,230 --> 00:30:50,610
priority for the divers now shifts to
686
00:30:48,539 --> 00:30:54,450
finding out if the compartment below is
687
00:30:50,609 --> 00:30:56,549
flooded the only means of getting at the
688
00:30:54,450 --> 00:30:58,410
sub interior is through the remaining
689
00:30:56,549 --> 00:31:01,680
escape hatch Scott and his diving
690
00:30:58,410 --> 00:31:04,110
partner are hovering over the hatch
691
00:31:01,680 --> 00:31:05,490
leads to an intermediate chamber which
692
00:31:04,109 --> 00:31:08,219
is separated from the ninth compartment
693
00:31:05,490 --> 00:31:11,250
by a second lower hatch that opens
694
00:31:08,220 --> 00:31:13,049
inward if the divers open the outer
695
00:31:11,250 --> 00:31:16,160
hatch and the inner hatch is already
696
00:31:13,049 --> 00:31:18,619
open survivors below will drown
697
00:31:16,160 --> 00:31:21,110
it is vital the rescuers learn if the
698
00:31:18,619 --> 00:31:23,329
interconnecting chamber is flooded they
699
00:31:21,109 --> 00:31:25,689
come up with a plan to do this by
700
00:31:23,329 --> 00:31:28,759
opening a small valve on the outer hatch
701
00:31:25,690 --> 00:31:31,610
there's a what we call an equalization
702
00:31:28,759 --> 00:31:33,440
valve new operates and it tells you
703
00:31:31,609 --> 00:31:37,219
whether you've you're sucking the water
704
00:31:33,440 --> 00:31:40,160
in or whether there's no suction and
705
00:31:37,220 --> 00:31:43,730
therefore inside and outside of equal
706
00:31:40,160 --> 00:31:46,310
pressure if the chamber below is dry
707
00:31:43,730 --> 00:31:48,230
water around the valve will be sucked in
708
00:31:46,309 --> 00:31:50,599
word because the ocean pressure is so
709
00:31:48,230 --> 00:31:52,940
much greater if the chamber below is
710
00:31:50,599 --> 00:31:55,099
flooded the pressure is equal and no
711
00:31:52,940 --> 00:31:57,769
water will move the difference is
712
00:31:55,099 --> 00:31:59,569
critical the problem is it is almost
713
00:31:57,769 --> 00:32:02,150
impossible to observe the water's
714
00:31:59,569 --> 00:32:05,210
movement the engineers aboard the Seaway
715
00:32:02,150 --> 00:32:07,100
eagle devised a simple test so what we
716
00:32:05,210 --> 00:32:08,870
did is we had a bottle made up with I
717
00:32:07,099 --> 00:32:11,480
believe it was milk at the time some
718
00:32:08,869 --> 00:32:14,059
substance that was easily seen under
719
00:32:11,480 --> 00:32:15,829
water and we just squirted it around the
720
00:32:14,059 --> 00:32:17,149
valve just so you know you would see
721
00:32:15,829 --> 00:32:19,939
that flowing in if there was going in
722
00:32:17,150 --> 00:32:22,910
this you wanted there's no detectable
723
00:32:19,940 --> 00:32:25,610
flow in or out that was pretty good
724
00:32:22,910 --> 00:32:29,900
evidence at that hatch below the hatch
725
00:32:25,609 --> 00:32:32,179
was flooded the outer hatch is opened
726
00:32:29,900 --> 00:32:35,030
showing the chamber is indeed flooded
727
00:32:32,180 --> 00:32:37,250
there is virtually no hope remaining for
728
00:32:35,029 --> 00:32:40,399
the survivors but the lower hatch will
729
00:32:37,250 --> 00:32:42,650
have to be opened a special wrench is
730
00:32:40,400 --> 00:32:45,290
manufactured aboard the Eagle and sent
731
00:32:42,650 --> 00:32:49,130
down to the divers the Russians asked us
732
00:32:45,289 --> 00:32:52,240
to open the hatch so we sent the hatch
733
00:32:49,130 --> 00:32:54,670
doggin mechanism to the open position
734
00:32:52,240 --> 00:32:56,089
but still the hatch didn't drop open
735
00:32:54,670 --> 00:32:58,820
[Music]
736
00:32:56,089 --> 00:33:01,730
although not yet fully opened the lower
737
00:32:58,819 --> 00:33:03,288
hatch seal has now been cranked bubbles
738
00:33:01,730 --> 00:33:05,960
pulse around the seal from the
739
00:33:03,288 --> 00:33:08,599
compartment below they cause some
740
00:33:05,960 --> 00:33:10,759
confusion until someone realizes it is
741
00:33:08,599 --> 00:33:12,740
simply the surge of the time pulling
742
00:33:10,759 --> 00:33:15,349
small amounts of air out of the ninth
743
00:33:12,740 --> 00:33:18,288
compartment the time has arrived to
744
00:33:15,349 --> 00:33:24,709
fully open the inner hatch an arm of the
745
00:33:18,288 --> 00:33:26,750
remote vehicle pushes it open the
746
00:33:24,710 --> 00:33:29,720
remaining gas that had accumulated in
747
00:33:26,750 --> 00:33:32,419
the ninth compartment rushes out later
748
00:33:29,720 --> 00:33:34,329
tests will confirm this gas was unfit
749
00:33:32,419 --> 00:33:36,940
for human life
750
00:33:34,329 --> 00:33:40,210
as the bubbles stream upward then burst
751
00:33:36,940 --> 00:33:43,769
and disappear so to the remaining hopes
752
00:33:40,210 --> 00:33:43,769
of the manacles
753
00:33:44,450 --> 00:33:49,519
it was a remarkable display of
754
00:33:47,420 --> 00:33:51,710
commitment by the Norwegian and the
755
00:33:49,519 --> 00:33:54,529
British rescuers who went to the scene
756
00:33:51,710 --> 00:33:56,870
at August 2000 they didn't give a damn
757
00:33:54,529 --> 00:33:58,819
about the politics in the Ministry of
758
00:33:56,869 --> 00:34:01,579
Defence they didn't give a damn about
759
00:33:58,819 --> 00:34:06,250
the Russian Admirals they were genuinely
760
00:34:01,579 --> 00:34:08,389
motivated by a desire to save human life
761
00:34:06,250 --> 00:34:11,480
the work of the British and Norwegian
762
00:34:08,389 --> 00:34:14,019
rescue specialists is finished they will
763
00:34:11,480 --> 00:34:17,090
not participate in any salvage effort
764
00:34:14,019 --> 00:34:19,039
for the first time since it arrived the
765
00:34:17,090 --> 00:34:22,220
Normand pioneer is allowed to float
766
00:34:19,039 --> 00:34:24,920
directly over the course on behalf of
767
00:34:22,219 --> 00:34:27,829
the Royal Navy Commodore Russell leads a
768
00:34:24,920 --> 00:34:30,829
memorial service and flowers are tossed
769
00:34:27,829 --> 00:34:32,389
to float above the dead submarine it
770
00:34:30,829 --> 00:34:34,579
didn't feel we could have done anything
771
00:34:32,389 --> 00:34:36,799
better than we did it's about the only
772
00:34:34,579 --> 00:34:40,159
comfort there is it's different it's
773
00:34:36,800 --> 00:34:42,860
that perhaps that it may just be that
774
00:34:40,159 --> 00:34:46,429
out of these tragic circumstances comes
775
00:34:42,860 --> 00:34:48,320
a little bit of hope for the future all
776
00:34:46,429 --> 00:34:50,809
attempts to rescue the men of course
777
00:34:48,320 --> 00:34:53,300
have failed but the impact of this
778
00:34:50,809 --> 00:34:55,659
disaster on a grieving Russia is not
779
00:34:53,300 --> 00:34:55,660
over
780
00:34:56,349 --> 00:35:00,589
energetic oxygen containing chemicals
781
00:34:58,820 --> 00:35:02,930
have been implicated in non submarine
782
00:35:00,590 --> 00:35:06,829
accidents also including the crash of
783
00:35:02,929 --> 00:35:09,859
ValuJet flight 592 in 1996 modern
784
00:35:06,829 --> 00:35:12,199
marvels will return in a moment we now
785
00:35:09,860 --> 00:35:15,829
return to an inviting disaster curse on
786
00:35:12,199 --> 00:35:18,859
modern marvels we tend to relate most to
787
00:35:15,829 --> 00:35:20,869
people like ourselves who are bystanders
788
00:35:18,860 --> 00:35:23,539
who are accidentally caught up in these
789
00:35:20,869 --> 00:35:26,150
events but so often it's the workers
790
00:35:23,539 --> 00:35:28,869
that really pay the price for what I
791
00:35:26,150 --> 00:35:31,789
regard as carelessness and at the top
792
00:35:28,869 --> 00:35:34,909
that the management does not have the
793
00:35:31,789 --> 00:35:36,750
proper attitude of the healthy fear
794
00:35:34,909 --> 00:35:42,639
[Music]
795
00:35:36,750 --> 00:35:44,920
on his 22nd 2002 days after all hope is
796
00:35:42,639 --> 00:35:46,659
given up for the men of coast Russian
797
00:35:44,920 --> 00:35:49,539
President Vladimir Putin that blast
798
00:35:46,659 --> 00:35:51,699
arrives in VDI both the home port of the
799
00:35:49,539 --> 00:35:55,659
sub to meet with the families of the
800
00:35:51,699 --> 00:35:57,399
dead crew he pledges that curse will be
801
00:35:55,659 --> 00:35:59,069
raised and the bodies of their loved
802
00:35:57,400 --> 00:36:01,480
ones retrieved
803
00:35:59,070 --> 00:36:04,750
although Putin's pledge is well received
804
00:36:01,480 --> 00:36:05,920
by the grieving families accomplishing
805
00:36:04,750 --> 00:36:10,690
the faith will be an enormous
806
00:36:05,920 --> 00:36:12,760
technological challenge to Dutch
807
00:36:10,690 --> 00:36:15,000
companies are contracted to take on the
808
00:36:12,760 --> 00:36:18,570
immense job of retrieving the great sub
809
00:36:15,000 --> 00:36:21,670
work begins 11 months after the accident
810
00:36:18,570 --> 00:36:23,380
the forward section of Kursk which had
811
00:36:21,670 --> 00:36:25,450
sustained massive damage from the
812
00:36:23,380 --> 00:36:28,720
explosions will be cut off and left
813
00:36:25,449 --> 00:36:30,639
behind a diamond-studded chain acts like
814
00:36:28,719 --> 00:36:32,969
an immense hacksaw as it slices through
815
00:36:30,639 --> 00:36:35,319
the double hull of high-strength steel
816
00:36:32,969 --> 00:36:37,659
working in the tremendous tangle of
817
00:36:35,320 --> 00:36:42,309
debris and cutting into unknown spaces
818
00:36:37,659 --> 00:36:45,670
is very dangerous my personal thoughts
819
00:36:42,309 --> 00:36:47,440
are cutting into any space is hazardous
820
00:36:45,670 --> 00:36:50,079
because you get a buildup hydrogen
821
00:36:47,440 --> 00:36:52,000
oxygen in a concentration that is very
822
00:36:50,079 --> 00:36:54,699
explosive and I have been divers killed
823
00:36:52,000 --> 00:36:58,539
by explosions by cutting into things due
824
00:36:54,699 --> 00:37:01,059
to the build-up of the gases once the
825
00:36:58,539 --> 00:37:04,480
bow of course has been cut off a huge
826
00:37:01,059 --> 00:37:07,380
barge appropriately-named giant is towed
827
00:37:04,480 --> 00:37:10,809
from Holland and positioned over the Sun
828
00:37:07,380 --> 00:37:15,640
giant is equipped with 26 heavy cables
829
00:37:10,809 --> 00:37:17,829
each capable of lifting 900 tons
830
00:37:15,639 --> 00:37:20,349
divers begin cutting holes into the site
831
00:37:17,829 --> 00:37:22,650
of course with powerful Jets of abrasive
832
00:37:20,349 --> 00:37:22,650
sand
833
00:37:22,750 --> 00:37:30,980
after weeks of work each of the cables
834
00:37:25,969 --> 00:37:34,879
on the barge is attached to the holes on
835
00:37:30,980 --> 00:37:35,568
October 8th 2001 14 months after the
836
00:37:34,880 --> 00:37:38,450
accident
837
00:37:35,568 --> 00:37:41,239
mammoth jacks on board the Giant at last
838
00:37:38,449 --> 00:37:45,098
begin to lift the course and the remains
839
00:37:41,239 --> 00:37:45,098
of the sailors will rest within her
840
00:37:45,340 --> 00:37:53,260
even without her bow course quays 9600
841
00:37:49,690 --> 00:37:55,059
tonnes never before has anything this
842
00:37:53,260 --> 00:37:56,920
heavy been lifted from the bottom of the
843
00:37:55,059 --> 00:38:00,199
sea
844
00:37:56,920 --> 00:38:03,090
it takes 15 hours to raise the Hulk into
845
00:38:00,199 --> 00:38:06,210
position below the Giant
846
00:38:03,090 --> 00:38:08,880
ocean going tugs and begin to tow the
847
00:38:06,210 --> 00:38:13,769
barge and it's grim cargo to awaiting
848
00:38:08,880 --> 00:38:14,820
drydock in Murmansk as course leaves the
849
00:38:13,769 --> 00:38:17,610
scene of its death
850
00:38:14,820 --> 00:38:20,330
divers place a marble tombstone on the
851
00:38:17,610 --> 00:38:20,329
floor of the sea
852
00:38:24,260 --> 00:38:30,530
suspended beneath the barge Kursk is at
853
00:38:27,510 --> 00:38:35,040
last towed into position in the drydock
854
00:38:30,530 --> 00:38:37,830
on October 23rd 2001 water is drained
855
00:38:35,039 --> 00:38:43,409
and the face of the great submarine once
856
00:38:37,829 --> 00:38:46,139
again appears in the weeks that follow
857
00:38:43,409 --> 00:38:49,469
bodies are removed and investigators
858
00:38:46,139 --> 00:38:52,829
pore over every part of the sub just
859
00:38:49,469 --> 00:38:55,709
three of the 118 crewmen are left
860
00:38:52,829 --> 00:38:58,139
unidentified autopsies of the dead
861
00:38:55,710 --> 00:39:00,929
sailors reveal the 23 survivors in the
862
00:38:58,139 --> 00:39:04,139
ninth compartment at last met their end
863
00:39:00,929 --> 00:39:07,079
in a second disaster the final event
864
00:39:04,139 --> 00:39:09,960
that killed those sailors was a fire an
865
00:39:07,079 --> 00:39:13,110
intense fire caused by their chemical
866
00:39:09,960 --> 00:39:16,409
canisters that generated oxygen meeting
867
00:39:13,110 --> 00:39:19,380
an oily film on the water that was
868
00:39:16,409 --> 00:39:21,509
rising in that compartment each
869
00:39:19,380 --> 00:39:24,510
compartment of course was equipped with
870
00:39:21,510 --> 00:39:26,940
canisters holding potassium superoxide a
871
00:39:24,510 --> 00:39:29,690
chemical was used to scrub the air of
872
00:39:26,940 --> 00:39:31,880
carbon dioxide and replace oxygen
873
00:39:29,690 --> 00:39:34,470
unfortunately if potassium superoxide
874
00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:38,160
touches water it reacts violently
875
00:39:34,469 --> 00:39:39,809
releasing great heat at some time one of
876
00:39:38,159 --> 00:39:42,239
the struggling survivors probably
877
00:39:39,809 --> 00:39:44,279
dropped one of these canisters it's heat
878
00:39:42,239 --> 00:39:48,109
and high oxygen content would have
879
00:39:44,280 --> 00:39:50,840
turned the oily water into a blowtorch
880
00:39:48,110 --> 00:39:53,250
those who didn't die in the fire
881
00:39:50,840 --> 00:39:56,700
suffocated when the last of the oxygen
882
00:39:53,250 --> 00:39:59,610
was consumed by the flames it now
883
00:39:56,699 --> 00:40:01,469
appears certain that all were dead well
884
00:39:59,610 --> 00:40:03,480
before the British and Norwegians
885
00:40:01,469 --> 00:40:06,558
received the call to come to their aid
886
00:40:03,480 --> 00:40:06,559
[Music]
887
00:40:07,260 --> 00:40:12,510
the investigative board at last confirms
888
00:40:09,539 --> 00:40:15,029
leaking peroxide in the fat-girl torpedo
889
00:40:12,510 --> 00:40:17,910
as the cause of the explosions which
890
00:40:15,030 --> 00:40:19,870
killed Kursk but that answer does not go
891
00:40:17,909 --> 00:40:22,359
far enough
892
00:40:19,869 --> 00:40:24,489
the men of course gave their lives
893
00:40:22,360 --> 00:40:26,800
because of Russia's ongoing but
894
00:40:24,489 --> 00:40:28,659
unrealistic commitment to a level of
895
00:40:26,800 --> 00:40:32,410
military technology it could no longer
896
00:40:28,659 --> 00:40:34,659
afford not only the technology of their
897
00:40:32,409 --> 00:40:36,969
torpedoes but that of their rescue
898
00:40:34,659 --> 00:40:39,579
vessels had been allowed to fail by a
899
00:40:36,969 --> 00:40:42,609
system that diluted itself into thinking
900
00:40:39,579 --> 00:40:45,759
it was still a superpower
901
00:40:42,610 --> 00:40:48,820
the tragedy of course reminds the world
902
00:40:45,760 --> 00:40:51,570
that arrogance and pride can be killers
903
00:40:48,820 --> 00:40:55,210
when mixed with high technology I
904
00:40:51,570 --> 00:40:58,510
believe that history is going to view it
905
00:40:55,210 --> 00:41:01,059
as the last dramatic event of the Cold
906
00:40:58,510 --> 00:41:03,220
War those guys died for the Cold War
907
00:41:01,059 --> 00:41:04,900
we've thought of that Cold War as one in
908
00:41:03,219 --> 00:41:05,649
which very there was very little
909
00:41:04,900 --> 00:41:08,440
bloodshed
910
00:41:05,650 --> 00:41:11,039
well there's 118 guys all out of rec
911
00:41:08,440 --> 00:41:13,050
families who can testify otherwise
912
00:41:11,039 --> 00:41:15,940
[Music]
913
00:41:13,050 --> 00:41:17,710
Vladimir Putin survived the criticism of
914
00:41:15,940 --> 00:41:20,170
his slow response to the Kursk tragedy
915
00:41:17,710 --> 00:41:23,559
but he had tasted the public's anger as
916
00:41:20,170 --> 00:41:26,440
had no Russian leader since the Tsar now
917
00:41:23,559 --> 00:41:28,150
Putin demands reform leaders who had put
918
00:41:26,440 --> 00:41:30,309
their careers and self-interest in the
919
00:41:28,150 --> 00:41:33,010
way of prompt reporting and rescue are
920
00:41:30,309 --> 00:41:35,650
called to account Rear Admiral Barrett
921
00:41:33,010 --> 00:41:38,710
who had refused to allow lr5 to even
922
00:41:35,650 --> 00:41:40,960
enter the water was fired Admiral Popov
923
00:41:38,710 --> 00:41:44,170
who had resisted taking action as men
924
00:41:40,960 --> 00:41:46,510
died was relieved of command one of the
925
00:41:44,170 --> 00:41:48,519
lists of models in ilya klebanov the
926
00:41:46,510 --> 00:41:50,740
deputy premier who had steadfastly
927
00:41:48,519 --> 00:41:54,929
insisted Kursk had been sunk by an
928
00:41:50,739 --> 00:41:54,929
American submarine was fired
929
00:41:55,588 --> 00:42:01,349
but managed atelic who had screamed in
930
00:41:58,380 --> 00:42:03,568
rage at klebanov became a hero to all
931
00:42:01,349 --> 00:42:08,338
who dream of being able to criticize
932
00:42:03,568 --> 00:42:10,889
their government without fear a story of
933
00:42:08,338 --> 00:42:14,219
failure in russia's once proud submarine
934
00:42:10,889 --> 00:42:18,778
fleet unfortunately continues on August
935
00:42:14,219 --> 00:42:21,829
30th 2003 the sub k1 5/9 sank as it was
936
00:42:18,778 --> 00:42:21,829
being towed to a scrapyard
937
00:42:22,030 --> 00:42:28,180
nine men died and a tragedy described as
938
00:42:25,030 --> 00:42:30,040
needless this time President Putin
939
00:42:28,179 --> 00:42:31,269
responded immediately to the news of the
940
00:42:30,039 --> 00:42:34,779
sinking and launched another
941
00:42:31,269 --> 00:42:37,480
investigation but Russian sailors had
942
00:42:34,780 --> 00:42:39,070
once again paid with their lives for the
943
00:42:37,480 --> 00:42:46,269
inept decision-making of their
944
00:42:39,070 --> 00:42:49,000
commanders as the months passed Russians
945
00:42:46,269 --> 00:42:52,000
paused to bury and grieve for the men
946
00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:54,070
who died aboard Kursk they had given
947
00:42:52,000 --> 00:42:56,800
their lives to Mother Russia not on a
948
00:42:54,070 --> 00:42:59,590
battlefield but in a submarine made
949
00:42:56,800 --> 00:43:02,920
dangerous by outmoded equipment poor
950
00:42:59,590 --> 00:43:05,350
maintenance and shoddy standards but the
951
00:43:02,920 --> 00:43:07,630
deaths of the men of course marked a
952
00:43:05,349 --> 00:43:09,348
very real precedent in Russia's evolving
953
00:43:07,630 --> 00:43:11,809
democracy
954
00:43:09,349 --> 00:43:13,999
it revealed a shift in the way Russia's
955
00:43:11,809 --> 00:43:16,880
people respond to the deceit and
956
00:43:13,998 --> 00:43:18,798
manipulation of their government we
957
00:43:16,880 --> 00:43:21,289
often talk about how the curse submarine
958
00:43:18,798 --> 00:43:23,420
is a metaphor for Russia in decline but
959
00:43:21,289 --> 00:43:24,950
the families are also a metaphor for a
960
00:43:23,420 --> 00:43:26,690
new Russia for a more hopeful Russia
961
00:43:24,949 --> 00:43:28,639
because they understand that they're no
962
00:43:26,690 --> 00:43:31,278
longer prepared to be lied to without
963
00:43:28,639 --> 00:43:34,699
reacting they now understand they have a
964
00:43:31,278 --> 00:43:37,489
a voice in a new Russia Kursk was
965
00:43:34,699 --> 00:43:39,649
eventually towed to a scrapyard where
966
00:43:37,489 --> 00:43:41,989
she was chopped into pieces and melted
967
00:43:39,650 --> 00:43:45,259
down but the great submarine did leave
968
00:43:41,989 --> 00:43:47,389
something of herself behind the drama of
969
00:43:45,259 --> 00:43:50,179
the men who fought for life within her
970
00:43:47,389 --> 00:43:53,889
Hall continues to provide her countrymen
971
00:43:50,179 --> 00:43:57,818
with an undying example of dedication
972
00:43:53,889 --> 00:43:57,818
patriotism and courage
108025
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