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Hello.
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From today, in Section 2
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we are going to learn the basics.
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The contents of Section 2 are about the basics.
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So we'll go over the basics.
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Since this is about the basics,
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our goal is not to understand everything at once,
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but instead,
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repeating what you learn
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to make it yours.
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So in this lecture,
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rather than understanding the theoretical content,
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the things that help you to practice
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how how you should study
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make up the main content.
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So I hope you will study hard.
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Although my class focuses on the practical parts,
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if you want to cover the basics,
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take notes while you're going through Section 2.
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Because today, we'll start looking at the human body.
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You can't skip the human body section,
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which is about studying the basics of a character.
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It's the first part we are going to study.
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Some may start drawing the face first.
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Although that is important,
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we will start with body parts first.
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They are as important as the facial part.
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When we draw the body,
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it's connected with the facial part.
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So we will put that off to the end
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and it's one of the most difficult parts as well.
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It's the biggest obstacle
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and the first obstacle we have to meet.
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I'm going to tell you what I emphasize the most.
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When I draw the human body,
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I draw a mannequin.
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The process
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of drawing a mannequin in your head
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is important.
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So what does it mean?
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In the process of drawing from the previous lecture,
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the first process was the composition.
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In the process of the composition,
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we move our characters in our heads.
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If the moving character is a blur
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and unclear,
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you will face glitches
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when you draw.
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So, if the imaginary mannequin
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can be imagined accurately
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and quickly
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the accuracy and stability
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of your drawing
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will increase.
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Therefore, when you draw the human body,
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it is really important to imagine the appropriate mannequin in your head.
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So this mannequin...
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how could we make it?
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If you divide the human body into three elements,
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the first one is ratio.
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And the second one would be movement.
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The third one is line.
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So I divide the human body like this.
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Movement refers to things
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like the poses that we take.
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And how natural the poses are.
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For ratio,
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most of us draw casual characters
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so in that process,
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you will need to apply deformers.
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Deformers
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are applied to the lines and the ratio,
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but especially to the ratio.
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So when moving on to these deformers,
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the ratio will change to some extent.
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The easiest thing to know is that the head gets bigger.
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Starting with the head,
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the ratio of some body parts will change.
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With proportions, you will learn that.
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Then, with a body with the correct proportions,
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we can draw more charming outlines
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such as the muscles
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or the bones
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or the outlines of the finger bones,
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the line of the collarbone,
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or the line of the chest area,
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or maybe a line for the waist.
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So the line part is
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about learning the parts that can make
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a character be seen as attractive.
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Among these three,
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if I divide them into level of importance,
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movement is the most important thing.
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The first step is more important.
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The importance,
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if you prioritize them,
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would be 1, 2, and then 3.
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So it means,
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no matter how well-proportioned you are,
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and how pretty your lines are,
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it would be funny if I walk in a bridge pose.
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It'd be scary if a person who is handsome
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and has a pretty body walked around like that.
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So to make the movement look natural,
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that would be the most important part.
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And the next one would be the ratio.
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Even if they have pretty muscle lines,
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it's hard to say a person with these kind of upper and lower bodies
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has a pretty body shape.
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Therefore, the ratio
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is the second most important part.
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And the last one would be the line.
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You can actually cover the lines with clothes.
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Such as a hoodie.
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You can easily hide them with clothing.
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And that's the reason why
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it's the third among the three important elements.
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Of course, it may depend on the individual.
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There are some people
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who want to draw sexy illustrations.
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So in that case,
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human body lines would be more important.
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However,
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With the premise that we're going to draw a well-balanced body,
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the proportions and the movements
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would be more important than the outlines.
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Today, among those three elements,
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we will study the ratio part first.
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We won't apply the movements first because
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we at least need
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a stick-figure shape
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of a human body.
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So you can move it freely later on.
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Before we move it,
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let's take some time to make
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a mannequin.
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And then we're going to go through the lines
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that we often use when we draw.
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And we will handle this movement part in detail
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in the next class.
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Let's do the ratio first.
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Before I move on, note that the proportions I show you
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are the most common proportions
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in casual-style drawings.
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So, they won't apply to all illustrations.
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Not at all.
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So you'll need to fix these proportions later
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to suit your needs.
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Once you remember this ratio,
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you will be able to apply this to other illustrations.
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Then let's have a look.
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So, the female character first.
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People often draw female characters
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so that the proportion of the head
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is referred to as 1:2.
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But actually, casual characters
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tend to have wider faces from side to side.
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So it's not exactly 1:2.
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But more like 1:1.8
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applies.
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But sometimes it looks like it's applied as a 2.
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So what it means is,
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the head itself is 1.8.
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But the casual characters have thicker hair.
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Because of the hair, it often looks like 2.
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Because of the hair,
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it often looks like 2.
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So if you set the ratio of the head,
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I'm going to measure the entire body from the head.
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So you have to measure the neck first.
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There's a thing you have to remember when you measure a neck.
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The neck looks
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totally different in the frontal view
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compared to the profile view.
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Because our neck is closer to the back of the head,
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when I measure the neck length,
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I measure the length
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from right here, right under the ears.
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So if you measure up to this part,
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how long would it be?
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So, usually the length,
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when you measure it like this,
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the length would be about two-thirds
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of the height of the head.
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Think of it like that.
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So, the length of
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about two-thirds of the face
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will stick out here
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from just under the ears.
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We will learn about the exact length of the ears
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when we handle the facial parts.
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Then let's say we set the length of the neck.
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And then we have to do the upper body as well.
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Here's an important tip.
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The first thing
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that decides the body ratio
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is the width of the shoulders.
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Depending on how the shoulder width is captured,
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the human body ratio varies.
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So you have to remember this part.
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They say it's 1.5 times bigger than an adult woman
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with an 8 head count figure.
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Usually, one and a half times the length of the head
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would be the shoulder width.
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Since this is based on the proportion of 8-head figures,
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the shoulders may be too wide to apply it
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to a casual character.
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Because of this, at first,
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I looked at anatomy books to help me study drawing.
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So, my female characters at that time had broad shoulders.
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As I drew, I kept thinking about it.
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Because it's a bit awkward to use this on its own.
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We draw the proportions of the 6-7-head figure and that's our casual look.
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How much do you have to do
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to change the body proportions to 6-7?
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Not that much.
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So you need
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about 1.2 to 1.3 times
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the length of the head.
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So when you put it down like this,
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make sure that the shoulder width
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is a little longer
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than the height of the head.
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Then, you'll have a natural shoulder width.
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Of course, this width includes the shoulders and the arms, too.
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So, I should draw in the arms, too.
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Now, let's measure the length of the upper body.
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The part where the upper body starts to split,
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in other words, the part where the ribs begin to split,
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begins at the point
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with the same length as half of the face's length.
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Then, you'll see that this point
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is the point where the chest muscles on the ribs start to split.
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And the two-thirds of the face's length
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is the same length as the neck's length.
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Let's say this is a two-thirds length of the upper body.
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Then, this point would be where the ribs start to split.
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The chest comes up to half of the upper body.
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And the ribs start to split at two-thirds of it.
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That's how you would split the ribs.
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When you draw a bust,
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the upper body of a female character is close to a cuboid shape.
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And the lower body is more like a trapezoid.
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Because they have wider pelvises,
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when you draw their body,
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make sure you draw their lower body
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in a trapezoid shape.
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On the other hand, for male characters,
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since their upper body is a bit wider,
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the upper body has an inverted trapezoid shape.
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On the other hand, if you lower the lower body in a vertical line,
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it becomes more like a male character's body shape.
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So you need to remember it.
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Since we finished the upper body,
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let's move on to the lower body.
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Before that, we need to find the center of the body,
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the belly button.
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The belly button is the second most important part
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of the body proportion.
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The first one
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was the width of the shoulders.
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So the second one would be the belly button.
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Let's now see how the belly button would go.
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When we're drawing abs, the first row of rectangles
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would go over where the ribs are split, like this.
269
00:12:37,909 --> 00:12:43,425
I'll draw in the pectoral muscles like this.
270
00:12:44,987 --> 00:12:47,807
And I'll draw the abs like this.
271
00:12:47,925 --> 00:12:49,307
So, from here,
272
00:12:50,456 --> 00:12:54,237
there would be the first, second, and third row of rectangles
273
00:12:54,370 --> 00:12:56,128
of the abs, and the belly button would come right after that.
274
00:12:57,386 --> 00:12:58,831
But, if you count like this, it's difficult.
275
00:12:58,856 --> 00:13:02,431
If you just want a general position,
276
00:13:02,456 --> 00:13:06,221
just think that the belly button is below the ribs.
277
00:13:07,081 --> 00:13:08,862
If we draw the belly button
278
00:13:08,887 --> 00:13:10,198
after the third rectangle of the abs,
279
00:13:10,223 --> 00:13:15,198
the area right above the belly button is the thinnest part of the waist.
280
00:13:15,425 --> 00:13:19,089
So, this would be the waist area.
281
00:13:21,395 --> 00:13:23,917
If you drew the belly button
282
00:13:25,300 --> 00:13:27,073
and the waist,
283
00:13:27,292 --> 00:13:31,753
make sure to pinpoint a new area
284
00:13:31,778 --> 00:13:33,151
at the same length to this line.
285
00:13:33,706 --> 00:13:36,321
If you pinpoint this area,
286
00:13:36,346 --> 00:13:39,573
this would be the area where the pelvis starts.
287
00:13:43,238 --> 00:13:44,737
Let's go through it once again.
288
00:13:45,932 --> 00:13:47,532
So the pectoral muscles come first,
289
00:13:47,557 --> 00:13:51,081
with the three layers of the abs below,
290
00:13:52,792 --> 00:13:55,307
and the belly button comes after that.
291
00:13:55,807 --> 00:13:59,620
This line above the belly button is the center of the waist.
292
00:14:02,268 --> 00:14:03,751
So I set it to 1:1
293
00:14:03,776 --> 00:14:05,214
and it makes the pelvis more eye-catching.
294
00:14:05,829 --> 00:14:10,487
A female character's pelvis is a little bigger than the upper body.
295
00:14:11,227 --> 00:14:12,464
So shape it like this.
296
00:14:13,721 --> 00:14:15,690
We are going to measure the length of my pelvis here, too.
297
00:14:15,715 --> 00:14:19,993
We don't set the proportion of the pelvis.
298
00:14:20,018 --> 00:14:22,917
Because it varies
299
00:14:22,942 --> 00:14:24,526
depending on the character's body shape.
300
00:14:24,527 --> 00:14:26,917
For example, a character with a wide pelvis,
301
00:14:27,050 --> 00:14:28,667
or one with long legs,
302
00:14:28,692 --> 00:14:31,729
or a narrow pelvis with thin legs, or maybe
303
00:14:31,754 --> 00:14:33,737
a character with a wide pelvis and long legs.
304
00:14:33,862 --> 00:14:35,906
The lower body changes
305
00:14:35,907 --> 00:14:38,892
in many different ways every time we draw.
306
00:14:38,917 --> 00:14:41,251
We don't specify these parts into numbers.
307
00:14:41,276 --> 00:14:45,204
But, there's still some basics that could help you.
308
00:14:45,205 --> 00:14:46,532
Just remember that
309
00:14:46,557 --> 00:14:50,034
a female character's pelvis is wide, not tall.
310
00:14:50,386 --> 00:14:52,469
On the other hand, male characters will have
311
00:14:52,471 --> 00:14:59,120
a tall pelvis instead of a wide one.
312
00:14:59,307 --> 00:15:02,104
This will help you when you're drawing.
313
00:15:04,737 --> 00:15:15,518
But generally, a pelvis
314
00:15:15,543 --> 00:15:16,815
has a longer width than its height.
315
00:15:16,987 --> 00:15:18,841
When drawing the pelvis,
316
00:15:18,843 --> 00:15:21,853
some people say it looks like a heart.
317
00:15:21,878 --> 00:15:24,831
There are some others
318
00:15:25,596 --> 00:15:28,457
who think it looks like a folded Frisbee, like this.
319
00:15:28,459 --> 00:15:30,649
All you have to do in the end
320
00:15:30,651 --> 00:15:31,954
is to simplify it to suit your needs.
321
00:15:31,979 --> 00:15:35,432
But, I would recommend you to
322
00:15:35,434 --> 00:15:37,868
draw the pelvis as a heart shape
323
00:15:37,870 --> 00:15:40,307
if possible.
324
00:15:40,714 --> 00:15:43,390
Otherwise, it would be extremely hard
325
00:15:44,669 --> 00:15:46,432
when you're drawing the side view.
326
00:15:50,979 --> 00:15:53,694
It will look really weird like this.
327
00:15:53,695 --> 00:15:56,471
Then why do we have to do such a difficult thing?
328
00:15:56,714 --> 00:15:58,214
We're doing this because it's difficult.
329
00:15:58,276 --> 00:16:02,057
The pelvis part is not as accurate.
330
00:16:02,082 --> 00:16:03,182
If you have to choose the part
331
00:16:04,378 --> 00:16:07,175
where people make the most mistakes,
332
00:16:07,200 --> 00:16:08,948
the first one would be the shoulders,
333
00:16:08,973 --> 00:16:10,768
and the pelvis would be the second.
334
00:16:10,987 --> 00:16:13,417
People often make mistakes here.
335
00:16:13,442 --> 00:16:17,142
When you draw the basic shape,
336
00:16:17,167 --> 00:16:19,862
it would be helpful to reduce other errors
337
00:16:19,887 --> 00:16:21,464
if you draw it in detail.
338
00:16:21,901 --> 00:16:23,446
So far,
339
00:16:23,471 --> 00:16:25,666
we went over the pelvis part.
340
00:16:26,654 --> 00:16:28,206
I'll shrink this for now.
341
00:16:30,784 --> 00:16:32,346
Now let's attach the legs.
342
00:16:33,339 --> 00:16:37,518
So far, I have the upper and lower body.
343
00:16:37,978 --> 00:16:39,477
The area I just circled,
344
00:16:39,495 --> 00:16:42,345
in other words, the area right under the face and above the legs,
345
00:16:42,370 --> 00:16:43,643
is called the torso.
346
00:16:45,462 --> 00:16:47,829
The torso is one of the areas
347
00:16:47,854 --> 00:16:50,143
that you have to practice the most when drawing the human body.
348
00:16:50,276 --> 00:16:52,218
If the length of the arms and legs is incorrect
349
00:16:52,219 --> 00:16:53,765
you can just fix them,
350
00:16:53,766 --> 00:16:55,469
but, if there are errors with the torso,
351
00:16:55,471 --> 00:16:57,620
you have to fix literally everything.
352
00:16:57,753 --> 00:17:01,362
Therefore, when we learn how to draw the mannequin,
353
00:17:01,387 --> 00:17:04,025
this torso part will be emphasized a lot.
354
00:17:04,050 --> 00:17:05,417
So it'd be good if you remember this.
355
00:17:05,667 --> 00:17:08,425
So now you can draw up to the upper body part.
356
00:17:08,450 --> 00:17:10,009
Now we need to put the arms and legs together.
357
00:17:10,034 --> 00:17:11,511
Let's go for the legs first.
358
00:17:11,613 --> 00:17:15,382
So I said the length of the legs
359
00:17:15,596 --> 00:17:17,892
is from the belly button to the end of the neck, right below the ears.
360
00:17:17,917 --> 00:17:22,542
Suppose this length is 1.
361
00:17:25,946 --> 00:17:29,158
If you put it twice, it would be the length of the legs.
362
00:17:31,089 --> 00:17:32,925
Pull it down like this.
363
00:17:33,388 --> 00:17:35,089
And that was the point.
364
00:17:43,207 --> 00:17:44,604
This would be the knee.
365
00:17:56,399 --> 00:17:57,991
So, up to here,
366
00:17:58,016 --> 00:17:59,056
that would be the thighbone.
367
00:17:59,058 --> 00:18:01,242
But, it excludes the kneecap.
368
00:18:05,810 --> 00:18:06,722
This would include the tibia and the fibula.
369
00:18:08,795 --> 00:18:12,439
This ratio is different for each person.
370
00:18:13,068 --> 00:18:14,803
Especially on the legs,
371
00:18:14,967 --> 00:18:16,717
and the lower body,
372
00:18:16,810 --> 00:18:19,545
some people draw the thighs a bit longer.
373
00:18:20,248 --> 00:18:23,169
Some people prefer it because
374
00:18:23,171 --> 00:18:24,522
they think the lines of the legs look prettier.
375
00:18:24,662 --> 00:18:27,724
You can take the illustrator PiKA
376
00:18:28,638 --> 00:18:30,388
as an example.
377
00:18:30,413 --> 00:18:32,849
But, remember that
378
00:18:33,279 --> 00:18:35,374
the upper part and lower part of a leg
379
00:18:35,376 --> 00:18:36,701
has the same length.
380
00:18:36,795 --> 00:18:38,904
This applies to the arms as well.
381
00:18:39,693 --> 00:18:43,740
That's why I drew them like this.
382
00:18:45,662 --> 00:18:47,443
If you draw the legs,
383
00:18:56,253 --> 00:18:58,511
they will be around this long.
384
00:18:58,659 --> 00:19:01,620
Then we need to measure the length of the arms.
385
00:19:01,784 --> 00:19:05,297
The length of the arm starts from the belly button as well.
386
00:19:05,299 --> 00:19:06,956
So now you can understand why the belly button is important.
387
00:19:08,269 --> 00:19:11,495
It's in anatomy theory that the length of the elbow
388
00:19:11,520 --> 00:19:13,159
goes up to the belly button.
389
00:19:13,184 --> 00:19:14,659
Frankly speaking,
390
00:19:14,684 --> 00:19:16,589
starting from the center of a face,
391
00:19:17,534 --> 00:19:20,316
if you draw a circle around the belly button,
392
00:19:21,003 --> 00:19:25,050
it means that your elbows fit into that circle.
393
00:19:25,402 --> 00:19:26,792
When you move your arm around,
394
00:19:28,581 --> 00:19:32,105
it will meet the belly button at some points.
395
00:19:32,589 --> 00:19:35,171
To put it simply, there is an arm around the belly button.
396
00:19:35,173 --> 00:19:38,925
You can think that
397
00:19:38,950 --> 00:19:40,150
there's an elbow slightly above the belly button.
398
00:19:40,175 --> 00:19:43,206
If we keep in mind that the upper and lower part have the same length,
399
00:19:43,912 --> 00:19:45,068
the length of these two arms
400
00:19:49,728 --> 00:19:51,222
would be about this much.
401
00:19:51,378 --> 00:19:55,105
So, the wrist will come up to the hips.
402
00:19:55,503 --> 00:19:57,620
When we attach the hands
403
00:20:00,480 --> 00:20:01,952
like this,
404
00:20:01,954 --> 00:20:05,691
it would usually come up to the middle of the thighs.
405
00:20:07,011 --> 00:20:09,937
Now, with this proportion,
406
00:20:09,938 --> 00:20:13,433
you can apply this to most casual-style characters.
407
00:20:14,706 --> 00:20:15,955
Now we are done with the female character.
408
00:20:15,980 --> 00:20:17,808
You should draw a male character as well.
409
00:20:18,074 --> 00:20:19,895
There are not many differences.
410
00:20:19,897 --> 00:20:22,816
There are a lot of identical theories you can apply.
411
00:20:23,308 --> 00:20:25,183
So if you match them up,
412
00:20:30,719 --> 00:20:33,113
of course the ratio of the faces are identical.
413
00:20:35,261 --> 00:20:37,230
You could draw the top and bottom a little longer.
414
00:20:37,255 --> 00:20:39,408
Because we applied deformers to the female character
415
00:20:39,433 --> 00:20:40,939
to make the face's height smaller,
416
00:20:40,964 --> 00:20:43,308
we won't have to do that to a male character.
417
00:20:43,386 --> 00:20:45,611
First, there's a difference in the thickness of the neck.
418
00:20:45,636 --> 00:20:49,097
With female characters, we'll go over this part in detail
419
00:20:49,122 --> 00:20:51,433
when we draw the eyes in Chapter 5.
420
00:20:51,581 --> 00:20:52,999
When we're drawing the eyes,
421
00:20:53,001 --> 00:20:54,518
the pupil of the eye would be here.
422
00:20:54,520 --> 00:20:56,689
And this would be the part within the pupils.
423
00:20:56,714 --> 00:20:59,464
A male character's neck would be the width
424
00:20:59,489 --> 00:21:00,613
of these canthi on the outside.
425
00:21:00,993 --> 00:21:02,386
It's really thick, right?
426
00:21:02,472 --> 00:21:06,651
Because male characters usually have more neck muscles,
427
00:21:06,653 --> 00:21:08,283
their neck would usually be
428
00:21:08,308 --> 00:21:10,081
this thick.
429
00:21:10,206 --> 00:21:12,441
Of course, if they're young
430
00:21:12,466 --> 00:21:15,456
or if they don't have a lot of muscles, it could change a bit.
431
00:21:16,400 --> 00:21:17,722
The length of the neck stays the same.
432
00:21:21,441 --> 00:21:23,409
But, male and female characters would have different shoulder lengths.
433
00:21:23,411 --> 00:21:27,159
For female characters, the shoulder length is 1.2-1.3 times the face's length.
434
00:21:27,184 --> 00:21:31,003
For male characters, it would be 2 times the face's length if it's an 8-head figure.
435
00:21:31,394 --> 00:21:32,753
But, we need to draw less broad shoulders
436
00:21:32,778 --> 00:21:34,230
because we're designing a character.
437
00:21:35,480 --> 00:21:37,324
So, the shoulders with deformers applied
438
00:21:37,349 --> 00:21:41,019
are 1.7-1.8 times the length of the face.
439
00:21:41,972 --> 00:21:45,111
If it's a mature character, make the length about 1.8 times longer.
440
00:21:45,136 --> 00:21:47,402
And if it's younger, make it 1.7 times longer.
441
00:21:47,427 --> 00:21:48,784
Keep that in mind.
442
00:21:49,925 --> 00:21:52,105
So, when you place the head horizontally,
443
00:21:52,130 --> 00:21:52,869
you can see that the shoulders
444
00:21:52,894 --> 00:21:55,480
are a bit shorter than two heads combined.
445
00:21:57,909 --> 00:21:59,831
That would be the proportions of the shoulders.
446
00:22:01,495 --> 00:22:06,105
Like we did with the female character, the ribs would start to split
447
00:22:06,214 --> 00:22:07,542
at the two-thirds length of the face.
448
00:22:08,691 --> 00:22:09,978
Like I mentioned before,
449
00:22:10,003 --> 00:22:13,128
male characters tend to have broader upper bodies.
450
00:22:13,605 --> 00:22:18,620
So, make sure you have
451
00:22:18,706 --> 00:22:20,631
a flipped trapezoid shape.
452
00:22:20,633 --> 00:22:22,027
Now, let's split the ribs.
453
00:22:24,667 --> 00:22:26,202
The overall appearance would be similar.
454
00:22:26,635 --> 00:22:28,394
Pinpoint the belly button
455
00:22:33,682 --> 00:22:34,980
and divide it by 1:1.
456
00:22:38,756 --> 00:22:40,488
Then you need to catch the pelvis part.
457
00:22:45,425 --> 00:22:47,199
As I said,
458
00:22:47,628 --> 00:22:55,628
make it taller instead of wider.
459
00:22:58,427 --> 00:22:59,652
And raise it a little bit.
460
00:23:04,994 --> 00:23:06,493
Then the length of the legs.
461
00:23:12,407 --> 00:23:17,602
Measure the length from the belly button to the end of the neck
462
00:23:24,197 --> 00:23:25,338
by 1:1.
463
00:23:59,267 --> 00:24:01,345
If you hold it like this,
464
00:24:03,419 --> 00:24:05,080
shorten the length of the legs a little bit.
465
00:24:09,791 --> 00:24:12,400
So you will get the proportion that can be used in a casual fashion.
466
00:24:13,517 --> 00:24:14,836
Based on this, I think it's safe to say that
467
00:24:14,861 --> 00:24:17,123
you just change it slightly
468
00:24:17,125 --> 00:24:20,674
depending on the character's body type you draw.
469
00:24:23,908 --> 00:24:25,390
So we went through the ratio
470
00:24:25,392 --> 00:24:28,164
of both male and female characters.
471
00:24:28,189 --> 00:24:31,977
Now let's take a look at some of the detail lines
472
00:24:32,002 --> 00:24:33,478
that apply to this ratio.
473
00:24:34,799 --> 00:24:38,932
We are especially going to focus on the lines
474
00:24:38,934 --> 00:24:40,367
where we make the most mistakes.
475
00:24:40,392 --> 00:24:42,860
But the theory we are learning today would be less than
476
00:24:42,885 --> 00:24:45,893
10 percent of the anatomy theory that you can find online.
477
00:24:45,895 --> 00:24:48,258
While I teach students online,
478
00:24:48,283 --> 00:24:50,454
we are limited in time.
479
00:24:50,456 --> 00:24:52,375
It's extremely short.
480
00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:55,339
Since I can't teach a ton of information
481
00:24:55,341 --> 00:24:57,469
in a short term,
482
00:24:57,494 --> 00:25:00,067
I focus on the actual content
483
00:25:00,069 --> 00:25:01,820
that I can deliver effectively.
484
00:25:01,845 --> 00:25:05,041
Therefore, I've reduced the basics.
485
00:25:05,043 --> 00:25:08,289
So, if you want to study more about this subject,
486
00:25:08,314 --> 00:25:10,742
make sure to read books.
487
00:25:10,744 --> 00:25:14,255
That will help you a lot.
488
00:25:14,257 --> 00:25:16,869
So if you want to learn about anatomy in detail,
489
00:25:16,894 --> 00:25:20,103
I recommend you to read related books.
490
00:25:20,236 --> 00:25:23,087
Today, we're going to study the human body,
491
00:25:23,089 --> 00:25:25,436
and let's check the parts where we often make mistakes.
492
00:25:26,275 --> 00:25:27,681
What do you think those are?
493
00:25:28,135 --> 00:25:29,274
As I said,
494
00:25:29,299 --> 00:25:31,688
the first part where there a lot of errors happen is the shoulders.
495
00:25:31,713 --> 00:25:33,228
And the pelvis is after that.
496
00:25:33,392 --> 00:25:36,010
They look really weird in the drawing process.
497
00:25:36,220 --> 00:25:37,924
So let's handle the shoulders first.
498
00:25:38,064 --> 00:25:40,931
The shoulders are made up of three bones.
499
00:25:43,680 --> 00:25:46,338
The first part is the collarbone.
500
00:25:48,197 --> 00:25:50,322
The second part is the scapula.
501
00:25:50,347 --> 00:25:53,217
The scapula is triangular, and it's attached to your back.
502
00:25:54,389 --> 00:25:56,697
The scapula looks like this.
503
00:25:58,693 --> 00:26:01,049
It kind of looks like what I drew.
504
00:26:03,702 --> 00:26:07,861
And under here, there would be the shoulder joints.
505
00:26:10,241 --> 00:26:12,653
These three bones make up the shoulder.
506
00:26:12,655 --> 00:26:16,640
Because the ribs are separate from the shoulder bones,
507
00:26:17,374 --> 00:26:21,349
we can raise our shoulders up and down.
508
00:26:21,374 --> 00:26:25,215
Basically, with ribs, just because we breathe in air,
509
00:26:25,216 --> 00:26:26,843
they won't move along with our upper body.
510
00:26:27,359 --> 00:26:31,435
Because our ribs are supposed to protect the intestines,
511
00:26:31,460 --> 00:26:34,429
if the ribs move too easily,
512
00:26:34,454 --> 00:26:36,015
it will be very unstable.
513
00:26:36,179 --> 00:26:37,968
So, the ribs won't move or budge.
514
00:26:37,970 --> 00:26:41,027
However, the collarbone, the scapula, and the shoulder joints
515
00:26:41,029 --> 00:26:42,734
can move or be moved.
516
00:26:43,031 --> 00:26:44,182
What would that mean for us?
517
00:26:44,184 --> 00:26:46,396
So if we move our shoulders upward,
518
00:26:46,421 --> 00:26:48,576
the collarbone comes along with it,
519
00:26:49,398 --> 00:26:51,749
and the scapula as well.
520
00:26:52,124 --> 00:26:54,091
So, it's especially good to study
521
00:26:54,116 --> 00:26:55,740
the three bones that make up the shoulder
522
00:26:55,765 --> 00:26:58,877
that can move together.
523
00:27:01,695 --> 00:27:05,138
And the second thing is the pelvis.
524
00:27:05,163 --> 00:27:06,923
As I said,
525
00:27:06,925 --> 00:27:09,494
the pelvis looks like a heart.
526
00:27:09,495 --> 00:27:11,080
But if it's too difficult,
527
00:27:11,081 --> 00:27:14,912
just think of a Frisbee folded in half.
528
00:27:14,937 --> 00:27:16,581
The more you simplify it,
529
00:27:16,606 --> 00:27:18,013
the less accurate it becomes.
530
00:27:18,038 --> 00:27:20,570
That's why I don't simplify too much.
531
00:27:20,595 --> 00:27:22,140
So you have to remember that.
532
00:27:22,226 --> 00:27:26,547
And one of the important parts at this point is,
533
00:27:26,549 --> 00:27:29,077
that the leg bone goes out and then goes down.
534
00:27:31,632 --> 00:27:32,452
Like this.
535
00:27:32,632 --> 00:27:36,656
So there's a lot of space between the legs.
536
00:27:36,761 --> 00:27:39,117
Thus, there are people who express it
537
00:27:39,130 --> 00:27:41,374
by attaching the area under their hips.
538
00:27:41,452 --> 00:27:42,515
To prevent this,
539
00:27:42,650 --> 00:27:46,076
there must certainly be a space between them.
540
00:27:46,101 --> 00:27:47,613
In other words, you need some spacing between the legs.
541
00:27:47,615 --> 00:27:50,393
So please remember,
542
00:27:50,395 --> 00:27:52,404
there must be some space between them.
543
00:27:52,429 --> 00:27:54,449
Besides these two parts,
544
00:27:54,451 --> 00:27:56,062
there's one more important thing.
545
00:27:56,195 --> 00:27:58,218
That is the neck.
546
00:27:58,913 --> 00:28:01,763
We'll look into it in detail when we do the facial part.
547
00:28:01,788 --> 00:28:04,204
While drawing casual characters,
548
00:28:04,206 --> 00:28:06,966
there were a lot of errors in the neck part
549
00:28:06,991 --> 00:28:08,484
when I was teaching students.
550
00:28:08,632 --> 00:28:11,023
So, how would you analyze the neck area?
551
00:28:11,124 --> 00:28:13,734
First, you need to know what the skull looks like.
552
00:28:14,999 --> 00:28:20,615
When we draw the head simply, the skull
553
00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:22,101
looks like this.
554
00:28:23,484 --> 00:28:26,006
The back of the skull would be thick
555
00:28:26,008 --> 00:28:27,648
and quite long
556
00:28:27,673 --> 00:28:30,357
so much so that it looks like an alien's head.
557
00:28:30,382 --> 00:28:32,788
That's how a casual-style character's skull looks.
558
00:28:33,146 --> 00:28:35,343
So, if we look at the part where the neck is,
559
00:28:35,368 --> 00:28:36,859
where would our neck bone be attached to?
560
00:28:36,860 --> 00:28:39,273
That goes at the back.
561
00:28:39,906 --> 00:28:42,031
But, a lot of people can't get this right.
562
00:28:42,226 --> 00:28:44,618
Because a casual-style character has a thin neck,
563
00:28:44,620 --> 00:28:45,594
when people draw that,
564
00:28:45,596 --> 00:28:47,351
some people draw it like this.
565
00:28:47,804 --> 00:28:50,382
Then it becomes weird.
566
00:28:50,570 --> 00:28:53,719
So, sticking the neck to the back of the head
567
00:28:53,866 --> 00:28:56,413
will always be very important.
568
00:28:58,507 --> 00:29:01,257
And the second most important thing is,
569
00:29:01,282 --> 00:29:03,304
the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
570
00:29:04,757 --> 00:29:06,335
After that,
571
00:29:06,360 --> 00:29:07,890
here's the trapezius muscle.
572
00:29:08,038 --> 00:29:11,319
This is the part we massage when we're massaging our shoulders.
573
00:29:11,562 --> 00:29:13,209
So with these parts,
574
00:29:13,234 --> 00:29:15,609
and especially with the sternocleidomastoid muscle,
575
00:29:15,843 --> 00:29:19,359
is that it nearly goes to the back of the neck if we see the profile.
576
00:29:19,757 --> 00:29:21,278
In other words,
577
00:29:21,413 --> 00:29:23,316
when we're drawing a face that looks diagonally,
578
00:29:26,450 --> 00:29:27,585
the ear would be here, and the sternocleidomastoid muscle
579
00:29:27,610 --> 00:29:31,906
would come up to the collarbone from right behind the ears.
580
00:29:32,349 --> 00:29:33,921
If we have this part,
581
00:29:33,946 --> 00:29:35,529
this would be the back of the neck.
582
00:29:35,741 --> 00:29:38,601
But, a common mistake would be this.
583
00:29:39,499 --> 00:29:41,499
Let's say the upper body looks like this.
584
00:29:41,648 --> 00:29:43,601
Now, we have to connect the neck here,
585
00:29:43,875 --> 00:29:46,515
but, there are sometimes people who connect the neck here.
586
00:29:48,304 --> 00:29:50,234
This mistake sometimes occurs.
587
00:29:50,351 --> 00:29:51,490
But, if you do this,
588
00:29:51,492 --> 00:29:53,670
there will be no space for the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
589
00:29:53,695 --> 00:29:56,285
Also, in this case, the neck won't be connected to the back of the head.
590
00:29:56,287 --> 00:29:58,522
So, it will look quite unnatural.
591
00:29:58,524 --> 00:30:00,087
So, when you're attaching the neck
592
00:30:00,089 --> 00:30:01,717
make sure it is connected to the back of the head
593
00:30:01,719 --> 00:30:04,068
and make sure there's enough room for the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
594
00:30:04,093 --> 00:30:06,288
If you work with that in mind,
595
00:30:06,290 --> 00:30:09,321
you will be able to draw it in detail.
596
00:30:11,234 --> 00:30:13,388
If these three things are difficult parts of the human body
597
00:30:13,413 --> 00:30:17,124
in terms of the line,
598
00:30:17,202 --> 00:30:21,476
let's take this opportunity to add additional details.
599
00:30:21,718 --> 00:30:24,991
And the additional parts are about the muscles.
600
00:30:25,132 --> 00:30:28,548
If we pinpoint the parts where the muscle lines are evident in a human body,
601
00:30:28,550 --> 00:30:30,577
where would those parts be?
602
00:30:30,726 --> 00:30:32,602
Of course, it becomes different
603
00:30:32,604 --> 00:30:34,334
when it's a male character.
604
00:30:34,359 --> 00:30:37,365
But it's not that late to study the muscle lines
605
00:30:37,390 --> 00:30:39,427
of the body parts later.
606
00:30:39,452 --> 00:30:41,835
Like I said before,
607
00:30:41,837 --> 00:30:44,773
you can cover these parts with clothes.
608
00:30:44,968 --> 00:30:46,906
So, guess the important part here.
609
00:30:47,218 --> 00:30:49,740
I think it's the limbs.
610
00:30:49,765 --> 00:30:51,240
You can't cover the limbs
611
00:30:51,265 --> 00:30:53,429
with clothes.
612
00:30:53,796 --> 00:30:56,140
Therefore, let's go over this part now.
613
00:30:57,429 --> 00:30:59,310
There are many kinds of muscles in the arm.
614
00:30:59,335 --> 00:31:01,913
So if we divide it in detail,
615
00:31:08,406 --> 00:31:11,476
starting from the biceps that stick to the front of the arm,
616
00:31:11,501 --> 00:31:13,538
the triceps on the back of the arm,
617
00:31:14,171 --> 00:31:18,335
and on the bottom of the elbow, there's a muscle too.
618
00:31:18,749 --> 00:31:20,969
Let's talk about this in a simpler way.
619
00:31:21,249 --> 00:31:23,218
Let's say this arm is stretched like this,
620
00:31:23,421 --> 00:31:26,163
The overall flow of the arm line is
621
00:31:30,132 --> 00:31:31,427
the inner line.
622
00:31:31,452 --> 00:31:32,847
It's the inner line of the arm.
623
00:31:32,849 --> 00:31:34,913
Let's say there's a palm here.
624
00:31:41,511 --> 00:31:43,312
If you look at the inner line,
625
00:31:44,124 --> 00:31:48,116
I think it's a line that sticks out gently.
626
00:31:49,374 --> 00:31:52,202
This triceps area behind the other arm comes out
627
00:31:52,343 --> 00:31:56,257
with a line that pops out quickly and then pokes in.
628
00:31:57,523 --> 00:32:00,404
The triceps are shorter than the biceps,
629
00:32:00,429 --> 00:32:02,234
so the line breaks like this.
630
00:32:03,241 --> 00:32:04,945
And then the elbow pops out.
631
00:32:05,374 --> 00:32:07,482
On the other hand, if you look at the bottom of the arm,
632
00:32:07,507 --> 00:32:10,812
the inside has a line that sticks out and goes in.
633
00:32:11,156 --> 00:32:13,882
The outer part has a line that sticks out.
634
00:32:14,327 --> 00:32:16,262
Some people draw it backwards sometimes.
635
00:32:16,264 --> 00:32:17,823
You have to be careful not to do that.
636
00:32:17,825 --> 00:32:19,273
So do you remember the patterns?
637
00:32:19,298 --> 00:32:22,929
The inner part is gentle, then it sticks out and goes in
638
00:32:23,663 --> 00:32:27,015
and the outer part came out, went in, and became more gentle.
639
00:32:27,507 --> 00:32:31,268
Let's remember this line and apply it when you draw the arm.
640
00:32:31,546 --> 00:32:35,771
Of course, it changes slightly depending on the posture of the arm.
641
00:32:35,796 --> 00:32:38,443
For example, if you fold the arms inwards,
642
00:32:38,468 --> 00:32:43,202
the biceps contract.
643
00:32:43,227 --> 00:32:45,546
They might stick out more than the muscles in the back.
644
00:32:45,687 --> 00:32:48,429
Just remember that generally,
645
00:32:48,454 --> 00:32:50,616
it looks like this.
646
00:32:50,921 --> 00:32:53,787
Leg muscles are the opposite of this.
647
00:32:53,812 --> 00:32:55,046
What does that mean?
648
00:32:55,187 --> 00:32:59,089
Inside the thigh, there's the adductor muscle
649
00:32:59,091 --> 00:33:00,287
and that muscle
650
00:33:00,312 --> 00:33:03,296
goes up to two-thirds length of the thigh.
651
00:33:03,999 --> 00:33:06,937
It goes up to two-thirds of the thigh.
652
00:33:08,351 --> 00:33:09,296
Because of that,
653
00:33:09,321 --> 00:33:13,710
the inner curves of the legs curve out, then in.
654
00:33:15,171 --> 00:33:18,234
The outside curve isn't as curved.
655
00:33:20,108 --> 00:33:22,195
From the knee,
656
00:33:23,960 --> 00:33:26,468
the inner curve bulges out
657
00:33:27,062 --> 00:33:29,041
and goes in again.
658
00:33:29,043 --> 00:33:32,506
Likewise, the outer curve only bulges out slightly.
659
00:33:32,702 --> 00:33:36,716
So, unlike the arm curves,
660
00:33:36,717 --> 00:33:38,952
the leg curves tend to have a recurring pattern.
661
00:33:39,851 --> 00:33:42,624
Let's study some more about the legs.
662
00:33:42,649 --> 00:33:44,201
If we look at the kneecap,
663
00:33:44,226 --> 00:33:46,726
there would be the thighbone at the upper part of the leg.
664
00:33:46,843 --> 00:33:49,187
Right here.
665
00:33:49,296 --> 00:33:52,273
And if we say there's a fibula here,
666
00:33:52,298 --> 00:33:54,656
we can say
667
00:33:54,681 --> 00:33:55,882
that there's a circle in between here.
668
00:33:56,171 --> 00:33:59,601
This part would be the joint.
669
00:33:59,679 --> 00:34:04,210
Within the joint, there would be the leg muscle,
670
00:34:04,538 --> 00:34:05,820
and the ligaments.
671
00:34:05,874 --> 00:34:08,624
These things would cover the bones.
672
00:34:08,804 --> 00:34:12,343
Now, the inner muscles would start
673
00:34:14,064 --> 00:34:17,187
from the fibula here.
674
00:34:19,202 --> 00:34:20,851
On the other hand, with this outer part,
675
00:34:21,303 --> 00:34:22,437
if we say the center
676
00:34:23,616 --> 00:34:25,959
starts from below here,
677
00:34:25,984 --> 00:34:29,202
the outer part starts from the center.
678
00:34:29,320 --> 00:34:32,077
But, it doesn't mean this is exact.
679
00:34:32,102 --> 00:34:33,413
I'm dividing this because
680
00:34:33,601 --> 00:34:36,271
the outer muscle begins to curve earlier
681
00:34:36,296 --> 00:34:38,435
compared to the inner muscle.
682
00:34:38,460 --> 00:34:40,921
The part that curves out the most for each side
683
00:34:40,968 --> 00:34:41,781
would be these two areas.
684
00:34:41,806 --> 00:34:44,109
See how they have different curve rates?
685
00:34:44,351 --> 00:34:45,468
If you're aware of this,
686
00:34:45,469 --> 00:34:47,718
you can draw natural legs.
687
00:34:50,499 --> 00:34:51,538
And one more thing.
688
00:34:51,563 --> 00:34:52,891
The reason
689
00:34:53,031 --> 00:34:55,112
we need to learn more things for the legs compared to the arms
690
00:34:55,114 --> 00:34:56,636
is just because they're more difficult to draw.
691
00:34:57,788 --> 00:34:59,532
Overall, the leg kind of looks like
692
00:34:59,534 --> 00:35:01,187
a bolt of lightning.
693
00:35:02,241 --> 00:35:05,616
It goes inwards, then outwards
694
00:35:07,480 --> 00:35:09,077
then inwards again.
695
00:35:10,224 --> 00:35:11,810
It looks weird if you think about it.
696
00:35:11,835 --> 00:35:12,937
But actually,
697
00:35:12,939 --> 00:35:15,499
it may not be so weird.
698
00:35:15,663 --> 00:35:17,046
So what do I mean?
699
00:35:19,593 --> 00:35:20,801
When it's drawn like this,
700
00:35:20,803 --> 00:35:22,420
let's look for the bones of the legs.
701
00:35:22,422 --> 00:35:23,693
The leg bone before
702
00:35:23,718 --> 00:35:25,788
was sticking out and going back in.
703
00:35:27,413 --> 00:35:29,339
The bone that comes out from the kneecap
704
00:35:29,341 --> 00:35:31,148
would be the thighbone.
705
00:35:32,796 --> 00:35:34,765
Here, you would draw the tibia and fibula.
706
00:35:34,790 --> 00:35:37,210
Let's think about the protruding part of our tibia.
707
00:35:37,235 --> 00:35:40,132
When you touch it, you may be able to find the hard bones
708
00:35:40,157 --> 00:35:42,921
and you can call it the fibula.
709
00:35:43,015 --> 00:35:45,476
If you draw along the fibula, it looks like this.
710
00:35:46,249 --> 00:35:49,302
I previously taught you that the leg looks like lightning.
711
00:35:49,327 --> 00:35:51,048
But if you see the line of this bone,
712
00:35:51,049 --> 00:35:52,584
it looks more like a straight line.
713
00:35:52,609 --> 00:35:55,952
When your legs look like lightning,
714
00:35:55,977 --> 00:35:57,796
the legs will stand straight.
715
00:35:58,093 --> 00:36:00,616
This is one of the parts where people make the most mistakes.
716
00:36:01,898 --> 00:36:04,295
Some people don't draw the lightning properly.
717
00:36:04,297 --> 00:36:06,189
Errors occur more often
718
00:36:06,191 --> 00:36:07,718
when you draw the side leg line.
719
00:36:08,812 --> 00:36:12,265
The side legs tend to be tilted backward.
720
00:36:12,290 --> 00:36:14,138
If it's straightened out,
721
00:36:14,163 --> 00:36:17,343
the line comes out like this.
722
00:36:17,515 --> 00:36:21,707
If we apply what we've learned,
723
00:36:21,709 --> 00:36:24,663
the tibia would stick out forwards.
724
00:36:24,688 --> 00:36:26,663
The tibia and the fibula go forwards.
725
00:36:27,913 --> 00:36:30,101
If we touch the front of our shin, it's stiff
726
00:36:30,531 --> 00:36:31,632
because the bones are right underneath it.
727
00:36:31,657 --> 00:36:33,177
So it'll look like this.
728
00:36:33,179 --> 00:36:35,695
If you look at it, the leg bones are almost straight like this.
729
00:36:36,296 --> 00:36:38,998
But when we need to make the legs straight,
730
00:36:39,023 --> 00:36:41,835
some people draw like this.
731
00:36:45,531 --> 00:36:46,304
Just like this.
732
00:36:47,484 --> 00:36:50,014
So they're not straight legs
733
00:36:50,016 --> 00:36:51,277
but folded ones.
734
00:36:52,335 --> 00:36:55,382
So, to not make this mistake,
735
00:36:55,384 --> 00:36:57,031
overall, with this leg,
736
00:36:58,077 --> 00:37:00,420
I call it the side curve.
737
00:37:00,445 --> 00:37:02,762
You should take note of
738
00:37:02,764 --> 00:37:04,408
this curve that goes a bit backward.
739
00:37:04,410 --> 00:37:07,452
People make a lot of mistakes here,
740
00:37:07,477 --> 00:37:08,842
with how they would draw the outlines.
741
00:37:09,062 --> 00:37:11,482
So, we briefly went over
742
00:37:11,507 --> 00:37:14,077
the proportions.
743
00:37:14,452 --> 00:37:18,054
We also learned about the curves and outlines
744
00:37:18,132 --> 00:37:19,366
where a lot of students make mistakes.
745
00:37:19,663 --> 00:37:20,991
By utilizing these things,
746
00:37:21,016 --> 00:37:23,991
now you need to make a mannequin.
747
00:37:24,116 --> 00:37:26,413
So the ratios on the left,
748
00:37:26,593 --> 00:37:27,810
try to remember them
749
00:37:27,835 --> 00:37:29,459
and find the ratio
750
00:37:29,484 --> 00:37:33,257
that you like.
751
00:37:34,163 --> 00:37:35,757
When you work on the illustration,
752
00:37:35,898 --> 00:37:38,163
how could you make it your own?
753
00:37:38,188 --> 00:37:41,023
Now we will learn about the deformers.
754
00:37:41,304 --> 00:37:42,436
Also,
755
00:37:46,187 --> 00:37:47,718
you may call it deform.
756
00:37:47,720 --> 00:37:48,460
Deform,
757
00:37:48,485 --> 00:37:49,249
or deformers
758
00:37:49,274 --> 00:37:51,865
refer to
759
00:37:51,890 --> 00:37:57,831
when we distort, emphasize, or omit certain elements
760
00:37:57,833 --> 00:37:59,109
of an object.
761
00:37:59,343 --> 00:38:02,281
For example, you can make a character's head bigger to emphasize it.
762
00:38:02,749 --> 00:38:06,843
Or, you might decide to not draw certain curves of a character.
763
00:38:06,937 --> 00:38:09,796
These parts with distortions
764
00:38:09,821 --> 00:38:11,959
and changes
765
00:38:11,984 --> 00:38:13,288
are called deformers.
766
00:38:13,484 --> 00:38:17,140
There's no right answer to deformers.
767
00:38:17,241 --> 00:38:20,553
From the moment we decided to draw a casual-style character,
768
00:38:20,555 --> 00:38:22,929
we've already decided to draw a body with incorrect proportions.
769
00:38:23,132 --> 00:38:25,670
How many people in real life would have a head that big?
770
00:38:25,695 --> 00:38:28,116
Deformers could be applied differently depending on the artist
771
00:38:28,141 --> 00:38:30,429
and the situation.
772
00:38:30,562 --> 00:38:32,359
Today, I want to tell you this.
773
00:38:32,765 --> 00:38:33,882
Depending on the circumstance...
774
00:38:37,085 --> 00:38:38,357
Why do things change
775
00:38:38,382 --> 00:38:41,084
depending on the circumstance?
776
00:38:41,109 --> 00:38:42,183
Why does it happen?
777
00:38:42,468 --> 00:38:44,066
When we choose our illustration...
778
00:38:44,067 --> 00:38:46,670
we will get to see a variety of illustrations.
779
00:38:46,672 --> 00:38:48,288
The full body shot,
780
00:38:48,313 --> 00:38:49,960
or the waist shot
781
00:38:50,109 --> 00:38:51,943
or the illustration with an eye-catching face,
782
00:38:51,968 --> 00:38:53,937
or the illustration with an eye-catching mood,
783
00:38:54,038 --> 00:38:55,616
and so on.
784
00:38:55,749 --> 00:38:58,597
Depending on that,
785
00:38:58,599 --> 00:38:59,640
the thing that changes a lot is the deformers.
786
00:38:59,827 --> 00:39:03,140
When you're comparing
787
00:39:04,563 --> 00:39:06,976
a waist shot with the head emphasized
788
00:39:10,883 --> 00:39:12,765
to a full body shot,
789
00:39:14,101 --> 00:39:15,396
which image
790
00:39:15,421 --> 00:39:17,812
would have a proportionally larger head?
791
00:39:18,730 --> 00:39:21,523
Of course, it might differ depending on the image,
792
00:39:21,624 --> 00:39:25,538
but, usually, a full body shot
793
00:39:27,925 --> 00:39:29,382
would have a larger head.
794
00:39:30,202 --> 00:39:31,515
But why?
795
00:39:32,085 --> 00:39:34,685
With the waist shot image, where the head is emphasized,
796
00:39:34,710 --> 00:39:36,504
if the head is too big,
797
00:39:36,506 --> 00:39:38,445
you might feel that something's not right.
798
00:39:39,202 --> 00:39:41,429
This feeling is usually called
799
00:39:41,454 --> 00:39:42,752
the uncanny valley.
800
00:39:48,156 --> 00:39:49,324
So, what is this uncanny valley?
801
00:39:49,609 --> 00:39:56,584
As your drawing style becomes more realistic,
802
00:39:56,609 --> 00:40:00,380
people tend to like your characters more.
803
00:40:00,919 --> 00:40:02,911
But, before the intimacy level hits max,
804
00:40:03,200 --> 00:40:04,966
there is an area where the intimacy level dips down.
805
00:40:05,270 --> 00:40:08,091
This area would be the uncanny valley.
806
00:40:08,419 --> 00:40:11,755
Of course, most people would like realistic characters
807
00:40:11,780 --> 00:40:12,925
because they would look pretty and nice.
808
00:40:12,927 --> 00:40:14,386
But, if you draw too realistically,
809
00:40:14,411 --> 00:40:17,130
for example, if you draw veins
810
00:40:17,309 --> 00:40:20,784
or pimples,
811
00:40:20,809 --> 00:40:23,614
your audience might not find the characters too appealing.
812
00:40:24,067 --> 00:40:27,731
This would be the uncanny valley.
813
00:40:27,733 --> 00:40:29,966
And, this would also be a type of an uncanny valley.
814
00:40:30,278 --> 00:40:32,067
The character already has a big head.
815
00:40:32,184 --> 00:40:33,167
It looks even bigger
816
00:40:33,192 --> 00:40:35,903
on the waist shot.
817
00:40:35,928 --> 00:40:38,277
So the face is already eye-catching.
818
00:40:38,614 --> 00:40:40,684
It stands out
819
00:40:40,788 --> 00:40:42,005
because of the large face.
820
00:40:42,341 --> 00:40:43,691
Although we applied the same ratio,
821
00:40:43,716 --> 00:40:45,714
like as usual,
822
00:40:45,739 --> 00:40:48,817
the head of the character stands out too much.
823
00:40:49,231 --> 00:40:51,627
So when I draw a waist shot,
824
00:40:51,629 --> 00:40:54,333
I often make the face smaller than usual.
825
00:40:55,512 --> 00:40:57,667
On the other hand, in the case of a full body shot,
826
00:40:57,692 --> 00:41:00,339
what's the most important part when we draw characters?
827
00:41:00,341 --> 00:41:01,755
It's the facial part.
828
00:41:01,926 --> 00:41:03,487
But you can't see the face.
829
00:41:03,723 --> 00:41:05,435
Because you have to see the full body shot,
830
00:41:05,676 --> 00:41:07,218
the face doesn't stand out.
831
00:41:07,411 --> 00:41:10,489
Then, in this case,
832
00:41:10,572 --> 00:41:12,446
change the method,
833
00:41:12,448 --> 00:41:14,816
by drawing the face larger to help people to see it.
834
00:41:14,841 --> 00:41:16,450
This was the first circumstance.
835
00:41:16,583 --> 00:41:17,958
Then what else do we have?
836
00:41:18,106 --> 00:41:20,841
When you draw a mature character,
837
00:41:21,098 --> 00:41:23,083
you can make the face smaller.
838
00:41:23,085 --> 00:41:25,387
Or reduce the size of the eyes.
839
00:41:25,762 --> 00:41:28,028
So it can change like that.
840
00:41:29,372 --> 00:41:32,267
If you're drawing a cute character, make the face bigger
841
00:41:32,269 --> 00:41:34,153
or make the proportions shorter.
842
00:41:34,178 --> 00:41:35,698
You can change it like that.
843
00:41:35,723 --> 00:41:38,747
Deformers can also be different depending on the shape of the clothes
844
00:41:38,958 --> 00:41:40,040
For instance,
845
00:41:40,042 --> 00:41:42,325
clothes with a thick neck part like this
846
00:41:44,028 --> 00:41:46,536
are often put on casual-style characters.
847
00:41:46,575 --> 00:41:49,864
With this clothing, if you draw the neck with the correct proportion,
848
00:41:50,981 --> 00:41:53,761
like how I'm doing here,
849
00:41:53,786 --> 00:41:57,106
because the shoulders would then be around here,
850
00:41:58,403 --> 00:41:59,985
there's not much. Just empty space.
851
00:41:59,987 --> 00:42:02,198
So, if I erase this part,
852
00:42:02,223 --> 00:42:03,809
the neck would look very short.
853
00:42:04,325 --> 00:42:06,385
So, when you're drawing clothing that looks like this,
854
00:42:06,387 --> 00:42:08,114
we make the neck longer.
855
00:42:08,598 --> 00:42:11,919
The neck would be this long.
856
00:42:12,020 --> 00:42:14,778
Then, even if the neck is really long like this,
857
00:42:15,419 --> 00:42:18,341
on the outside, it will look natural.
858
00:42:18,481 --> 00:42:20,151
Let me share another example.
859
00:42:20,176 --> 00:42:22,223
This is a common sleeve
860
00:42:23,559 --> 00:42:25,450
when we're designing a character's sleeve these days.
861
00:42:25,452 --> 00:42:26,730
Like this.
862
00:42:28,497 --> 00:42:30,473
If you draw a wide line like this,
863
00:42:30,498 --> 00:42:31,874
just like with the neck we drew,
864
00:42:31,875 --> 00:42:35,012
the arms may be a bit short.
865
00:42:35,286 --> 00:42:37,723
So, if we make sure the arm's proportions are correct
866
00:42:38,575 --> 00:42:41,455
and put in the arms up to this part,
867
00:42:41,457 --> 00:42:43,022
the arm itself would look
868
00:42:43,024 --> 00:42:44,216
very short.
869
00:42:44,387 --> 00:42:46,361
So, when this happens, we intentionally
870
00:42:46,363 --> 00:42:47,692
make the arm a bit longer.
871
00:42:51,880 --> 00:42:56,301
Let me show you another example
872
00:42:57,411 --> 00:42:58,919
with a cloth that covers the upper body, right here.
873
00:42:59,497 --> 00:43:03,403
Let's say we have a cloth like this.
874
00:43:10,158 --> 00:43:11,799
If we go along with this outline,
875
00:43:11,824 --> 00:43:13,243
our eyes would look at the belly,
876
00:43:13,268 --> 00:43:15,563
then they would look outwards, then inwards again.
877
00:43:15,588 --> 00:43:17,265
So, if we're not careful,
878
00:43:17,267 --> 00:43:20,150
this area could look very fat.
879
00:43:20,283 --> 00:43:22,822
So, when you're drawing this kind of clothing,
880
00:43:23,494 --> 00:43:26,229
try to make these outlines go more inwards.
881
00:43:26,479 --> 00:43:27,986
The waist should be thin
882
00:43:28,408 --> 00:43:29,680
so that our eyesight would move naturally
883
00:43:29,705 --> 00:43:31,322
and the body would look more beautiful.
884
00:43:31,885 --> 00:43:34,893
So, in conclusion, deformers change a lot
885
00:43:34,918 --> 00:43:37,346
depending on the shape of the clothes.
886
00:43:38,244 --> 00:43:40,749
What I want to tell you
887
00:43:40,750 --> 00:43:42,361
is that
888
00:43:42,408 --> 00:43:44,260
deformers don't follow a set rule.
889
00:43:45,650 --> 00:43:48,893
So you might say we had a proportion class earlier but
890
00:43:48,918 --> 00:43:50,182
what does this mean?
891
00:43:50,207 --> 00:43:52,857
The main reason I set the proportion is
892
00:43:52,869 --> 00:43:53,997
to make sure it's easier to
893
00:43:54,108 --> 00:43:55,627
create a mannequin
894
00:43:55,652 --> 00:43:57,619
that's easily movable in my head.
895
00:43:57,783 --> 00:43:59,994
The ratio is different every single time you draw,
896
00:44:00,019 --> 00:44:01,548
depending on the character's setting,
897
00:44:01,549 --> 00:44:02,525
the age, the use of the illustration,
898
00:44:02,550 --> 00:44:04,033
and the composition of the illustration.
899
00:44:04,058 --> 00:44:06,695
It keeps changing.
900
00:44:06,711 --> 00:44:09,813
So keep the proportions organized like this,
901
00:44:09,847 --> 00:44:11,479
but don't be tied down.
902
00:44:12,002 --> 00:44:13,868
So that would be the biggest takeaway
903
00:44:13,893 --> 00:44:16,838
of this lecture today.
904
00:44:17,486 --> 00:44:19,930
I'm sure a lot of people are studying with a fixed proportion.
905
00:44:19,955 --> 00:44:21,367
Or some may set the proportion
906
00:44:21,369 --> 00:44:23,111
after this lecture.
907
00:44:23,166 --> 00:44:25,119
But when you have the proportion fixed,
908
00:44:25,144 --> 00:44:26,830
you have to be flexible with it,
909
00:44:26,855 --> 00:44:28,799
depending on the use of the illustration,
910
00:44:28,801 --> 00:44:30,696
and to use deformers effectively.
911
00:44:30,721 --> 00:44:32,775
And you can call it an effective ratio.
912
00:44:32,955 --> 00:44:35,252
So please remember this part.
913
00:44:36,479 --> 00:44:39,307
To summarize the theoretical content up to here,
914
00:44:39,332 --> 00:44:42,588
we went through the proportions of the human body.
915
00:44:43,580 --> 00:44:45,399
And what's important in the ratio of the human body.
916
00:44:45,424 --> 00:44:48,408
Making a mannequin that can move in your head.
917
00:44:48,518 --> 00:44:53,299
The more accurately, freely, and quickly you can move this mannequin,
918
00:44:53,324 --> 00:44:56,518
the more your drawing skills will improve.
919
00:44:57,135 --> 00:45:00,430
Therefore, if you divide the human body into three elements,
920
00:45:00,455 --> 00:45:04,244
those would be the movement, ratio,
921
00:45:04,455 --> 00:45:06,240
and line.
922
00:45:06,241 --> 00:45:07,343
But among those,
923
00:45:07,345 --> 00:45:10,158
we went through the ratio and the line parts.
924
00:45:10,650 --> 00:45:13,830
I recommend you to look at the proportions that I mentioned before,
925
00:45:15,080 --> 00:45:16,541
and with these fixed ratios,
926
00:45:16,566 --> 00:45:17,633
focus on the curves that you can't depict properly,
927
00:45:17,634 --> 00:45:19,243
for example, the shoulders, the neck, the pelvis, and the legs.
928
00:45:19,268 --> 00:45:23,596
Focus on these parts, and then study more.
929
00:45:24,846 --> 00:45:29,299
Once you're done with the proportions,
930
00:45:31,330 --> 00:45:33,047
apply some deformers that go well with your situation.
931
00:45:33,072 --> 00:45:36,486
That was a summary of what we learned today.
932
00:45:38,408 --> 00:45:41,307
So, now I'll tell you
933
00:45:41,416 --> 00:45:43,400
how you should practice from now on.
934
00:45:43,432 --> 00:45:45,994
Now, with the
935
00:45:47,149 --> 00:45:48,275
actual drawing part,
936
00:45:52,599 --> 00:45:53,604
like I mentioned before,
937
00:45:55,319 --> 00:45:56,482
this lecture is more about
938
00:45:56,495 --> 00:46:00,176
practicing on your own.
939
00:46:00,178 --> 00:46:02,096
So, I'll tell you how to do this briefly.
940
00:46:02,213 --> 00:46:06,047
Whenever you're drawing a human body, it takes a long time
941
00:46:06,072 --> 00:46:09,133
to draw every part of it.
942
00:46:09,158 --> 00:46:11,275
If it takes a long time,
943
00:46:11,650 --> 00:46:14,010
it's hard to find time to practice,
944
00:46:15,544 --> 00:46:17,268
and you won't be able to draw a lot.
945
00:46:19,057 --> 00:46:21,266
You'll spend a lot of time fixing one thing.
946
00:46:21,291 --> 00:46:23,846
So, remember when I told you
947
00:46:23,986 --> 00:46:26,660
that the torso is important?
948
00:46:26,662 --> 00:46:28,103
Well, now let's get into it.
949
00:46:28,166 --> 00:46:31,158
We're going to practice the human body part by part.
950
00:46:31,299 --> 00:46:32,439
The first practice method
951
00:46:32,464 --> 00:46:33,744
is to practice part by part.
952
00:46:39,191 --> 00:46:41,493
So what it means is,
953
00:46:41,518 --> 00:46:44,419
just focus on a single part at one time.
954
00:46:46,627 --> 00:46:49,211
We will go over movement in the next lecture.
955
00:46:49,236 --> 00:46:51,775
When you learn about movement,
956
00:46:51,800 --> 00:46:53,814
you'll have to practice that a lot.
957
00:46:55,536 --> 00:46:57,400
Because we need to draw while applying poses.
958
00:46:59,709 --> 00:47:02,221
But, even when you don't have a set pose,
959
00:47:04,695 --> 00:47:06,752
you can just draw the same torso
960
00:47:09,377 --> 00:47:11,229
in different angles
961
00:47:11,898 --> 00:47:14,689
repetitively, like this.
962
00:47:19,976 --> 00:47:22,275
Second, you turn it around.
963
00:47:29,487 --> 00:47:31,625
If you practiced with the torso,
964
00:47:34,277 --> 00:47:43,546
practice the arms
965
00:47:45,060 --> 00:47:46,601
and raise them up and down.
966
00:47:51,688 --> 00:47:53,312
Raise them diagonally, too.
967
00:48:01,164 --> 00:48:02,842
When you're focusing on a certain subject,
968
00:48:02,844 --> 00:48:05,703
focus on your weaknesses and analyze that.
969
00:48:06,002 --> 00:48:08,148
You could draw the leg like this.
970
00:48:13,492 --> 00:48:17,294
Otherwise, you could
971
00:48:23,661 --> 00:48:25,442
focus on the pelvis.
972
00:48:33,997 --> 00:48:36,817
Focus first on your weaknesses,
973
00:48:36,842 --> 00:48:41,212
then, draw a full human body.
974
00:48:44,411 --> 00:48:46,567
We're practicing them separately because
975
00:48:47,700 --> 00:48:49,263
if you practice it part by part,
976
00:48:49,288 --> 00:48:50,686
the amount you can draw increases
977
00:48:50,688 --> 00:48:52,191
so it's more efficient.
978
00:48:52,216 --> 00:48:55,354
But you need to put them back together later.
979
00:48:55,379 --> 00:48:58,141
The ratios can get a bit awkward while doing that
980
00:48:58,166 --> 00:49:02,395
so make sure the things you learned in the ratio part
981
00:49:02,397 --> 00:49:04,364
are all applied properly.
982
00:49:04,669 --> 00:49:07,888
And you could count that as a kind of practice.
983
00:49:10,810 --> 00:49:12,599
Identify your weaknesses
984
00:49:12,624 --> 00:49:15,596
and practice those parts intensively.
985
00:49:15,621 --> 00:49:16,659
Keep practicing.
986
00:49:16,684 --> 00:49:19,347
Then, when you're done with those, turn them around,
987
00:49:19,349 --> 00:49:21,323
and make sure you can perceive them three-dimensionally.
988
00:49:21,463 --> 00:49:23,002
And, when you combine all of them,
989
00:49:23,027 --> 00:49:25,284
you'd be able to draw a mannequin.
990
00:49:25,721 --> 00:49:27,696
If you can draw a mannequin,
991
00:49:27,698 --> 00:49:28,901
you can say the training was a success.
992
00:49:29,901 --> 00:49:31,360
It's like playing a rhythm game.
993
00:49:31,385 --> 00:49:32,635
If you play rhythm games,
994
00:49:33,505 --> 00:49:36,442
you'll see there are a lot of similarities to this training exercise.
995
00:49:36,487 --> 00:49:37,824
If you play rhythm games,
996
00:49:37,826 --> 00:49:40,079
there's always an area where you make a lot of mistakes.
997
00:49:40,104 --> 00:49:42,345
But, if you keep playing the game from start to finish,
998
00:49:42,370 --> 00:49:43,767
you'll always make the same mistakes.
999
00:49:43,792 --> 00:49:45,722
If you continue like that,
1000
00:49:45,724 --> 00:49:47,956
it will take you a lot of time to strengthen your weaknesses.
1001
00:49:48,284 --> 00:49:50,069
So, the best way to practice is
1002
00:49:50,071 --> 00:49:52,596
just by focusing on your weaknesses.
1003
00:49:53,065 --> 00:49:54,860
If you study only those parts,
1004
00:49:54,885 --> 00:49:57,206
you'll be able to get a perfect score in the game
1005
00:49:57,231 --> 00:49:59,439
a bit more quickly.
1006
00:50:01,355 --> 00:50:03,807
Of course, you would have to focus on other parts later on, too.
1007
00:50:05,682 --> 00:50:07,769
Drawing is a lot similar to that.
1008
00:50:07,770 --> 00:50:10,127
Focus on your weaknesses
1009
00:50:10,152 --> 00:50:13,024
and intensively study to improve them.
1010
00:50:13,049 --> 00:50:14,399
So when I practice something,
1011
00:50:14,424 --> 00:50:17,235
what I think is most important is to set a goal.
1012
00:50:17,260 --> 00:50:18,542
Therefore,
1013
00:50:18,567 --> 00:50:21,040
when you decide to focus on a certain subject,
1014
00:50:21,065 --> 00:50:23,221
you would focus by practicing that subject.
1015
00:50:23,246 --> 00:50:25,026
For instance, you might decide to focus on practicing shoulders one day
1016
00:50:25,292 --> 00:50:27,798
and focus on the pelvis the next day.
1017
00:50:27,823 --> 00:50:29,478
You might think of yourself as a gym trainee.
1018
00:50:29,480 --> 00:50:32,313
Because you focus on certain parts,
1019
00:50:32,315 --> 00:50:33,487
I'm sure your training
1020
00:50:33,512 --> 00:50:35,799
will be much more effective.
1021
00:50:36,354 --> 00:50:39,352
Use this to practice drawing the human body.
1022
00:50:39,377 --> 00:50:41,292
Let me show you an example.
1023
00:50:51,952 --> 00:50:54,202
Some of you may have seen it before,
1024
00:50:55,561 --> 00:50:58,139
but we focus on certain areas like this.
1025
00:50:58,694 --> 00:51:00,983
See how I practiced the torsos?
1026
00:51:03,100 --> 00:51:04,584
This is how you focus on a certain subject.
1027
00:51:05,295 --> 00:51:07,123
When you're done with that,
1028
00:51:09,605 --> 00:51:10,412
turn a body
1029
00:51:10,967 --> 00:51:13,747
around in different angles like this.
1030
00:51:13,772 --> 00:51:16,622
The most important thing is to maintain the same proportions.
1031
00:51:16,647 --> 00:51:18,600
There's some detailed information on the outline here,
1032
00:51:18,625 --> 00:51:19,911
but, this isn't that necessary.
1033
00:51:19,936 --> 00:51:22,436
You can draw it like a mannequin.
1034
00:51:22,530 --> 00:51:23,919
But instead,
1035
00:51:23,944 --> 00:51:26,420
it is important to maintain the same proportion.
1036
00:51:26,795 --> 00:51:28,261
So keep the same proportion.
1037
00:51:28,263 --> 00:51:30,803
And you can try to put the limbs at a different angle.
1038
00:51:30,902 --> 00:51:33,905
When I see this, I call it art training.
1039
00:51:35,469 --> 00:51:37,209
So practice it,
1040
00:51:37,405 --> 00:51:39,803
by applying the limbs at a different angle.
1041
00:51:39,952 --> 00:51:41,850
It may look a bit difficult.
1042
00:51:41,852 --> 00:51:43,461
But as I said before,
1043
00:51:43,462 --> 00:51:45,506
you can ignore the line part for now.
1044
00:51:45,608 --> 00:51:47,015
So for the simple body shape,
1045
00:51:47,017 --> 00:51:49,561
if you are a newbie,
1046
00:51:50,571 --> 00:51:53,811
stick to the basics we went through today.
1047
00:51:55,319 --> 00:51:57,522
We are going to study it in the next class.
1048
00:51:57,655 --> 00:51:59,889
With a simplified human body,
1049
00:52:06,120 --> 00:52:07,082
work on it
1050
00:52:07,942 --> 00:52:09,144
like this.
1051
00:52:14,003 --> 00:52:15,355
Spin it at different angles.
1052
00:52:23,769 --> 00:52:25,315
And through this process,
1053
00:52:25,340 --> 00:52:28,746
the goal of this class was
1054
00:52:29,738 --> 00:52:33,062
to compose the movement
1055
00:52:33,064 --> 00:52:34,738
of a human body in our head.
1056
00:52:35,801 --> 00:52:38,565
In the next class,
1057
00:52:38,590 --> 00:52:40,871
we will learn how to move the mannequin.
1058
00:52:44,715 --> 00:52:47,843
So that's the end of this class.
1059
00:52:47,922 --> 00:52:49,671
Thank you for your attention.
75457
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