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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:02:14,829 --> 00:02:17,354 Mere president will not do. 2 00:02:19,067 --> 00:02:21,262 There are presidents of fire companies 3 00:02:21,302 --> 00:02:24,567 and cricket clubs. 4 00:02:24,606 --> 00:02:28,303 This new federal government must command respect 5 00:02:28,343 --> 00:02:32,302 and the titles of federal office must ensure that respect. 6 00:02:32,347 --> 00:02:35,214 How long does Mr. Adams intend to waste this assembly's time 7 00:02:35,250 --> 00:02:37,548 on matters of no import? 8 00:02:37,585 --> 00:02:40,884 No import? No imp... 9 00:02:40,922 --> 00:02:44,688 There is nothing of greater importance, Mr. MacClay. 10 00:02:44,726 --> 00:02:47,251 The office of president 11 00:02:47,295 --> 00:02:49,991 must have no equal in the world. 12 00:02:52,400 --> 00:02:53,992 Neither dignity nor authority 13 00:02:54,035 --> 00:02:56,128 can be supported in human minds 14 00:02:56,170 --> 00:02:58,195 without the weight 15 00:02:58,239 --> 00:03:01,265 of splendor and majesty, sir. 16 00:03:01,309 --> 00:03:03,504 Does the vice president have a title in mind? 17 00:03:03,544 --> 00:03:06,877 I do indeed, sir. I have several. 18 00:03:09,884 --> 00:03:12,318 His Highness the President. 19 00:03:15,723 --> 00:03:19,352 Or His Esteemed Majesty the President. 20 00:03:21,663 --> 00:03:25,622 Or His Excellency 21 00:03:25,667 --> 00:03:28,693 the Supreme Commander in Chief. 22 00:03:34,275 --> 00:03:37,005 Or something of the sort. 23 00:03:37,045 --> 00:03:38,774 Ahem! 24 00:03:38,813 --> 00:03:41,646 Perhaps Mr. Adams has not had occasion 25 00:03:41,683 --> 00:03:43,207 to peruse our Constitution. 26 00:03:44,619 --> 00:03:48,214 It explicitly states, 27 00:03:48,256 --> 00:03:51,191 "No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States." 28 00:03:51,225 --> 00:03:54,319 These are not titles of heredity that I am proposing... 29 00:03:55,730 --> 00:03:57,857 but titles conferred for merit 30 00:03:57,899 --> 00:04:00,094 and titles that will only accompany 31 00:04:00,134 --> 00:04:02,625 positions of high federal responsibility. 32 00:04:06,607 --> 00:04:07,869 Indeed. Federal. 33 00:04:07,909 --> 00:04:09,900 Ridiculous. 34 00:04:12,980 --> 00:04:15,175 The motion before us is that the president 35 00:04:15,216 --> 00:04:18,413 be addressed as His Highness 36 00:04:18,453 --> 00:04:21,422 the President of the United States of America 37 00:04:21,456 --> 00:04:24,186 and protector of the rights of the same. 38 00:04:24,225 --> 00:04:26,056 Those in favor? 39 00:04:27,662 --> 00:04:29,527 Aye. 40 00:04:31,566 --> 00:04:33,329 - Those opposed? - No! 41 00:04:33,368 --> 00:04:35,165 - No! - No! 42 00:04:41,809 --> 00:04:43,606 His Rotundity 43 00:04:43,644 --> 00:04:46,807 the Vice President and Duke of Braintree. 44 00:04:46,848 --> 00:04:49,214 I'd second that, indeed. 45 00:07:01,682 --> 00:07:04,810 His Rotundity, the Duke of Braintree. 46 00:07:04,852 --> 00:07:06,717 You should have consulted the president first. 47 00:07:06,754 --> 00:07:08,813 All this talk of titles. 48 00:07:08,856 --> 00:07:10,824 What is the job of the vice president 49 00:07:10,858 --> 00:07:13,224 if not to advise the president? 50 00:07:13,261 --> 00:07:16,253 When the president requires your advice, John, 51 00:07:16,297 --> 00:07:19,630 he will most surely ask for it. Patience. 52 00:07:19,667 --> 00:07:22,500 I was merely trying to impress upon the Senate 53 00:07:22,537 --> 00:07:24,402 the importance of cloaking the presidency 54 00:07:24,438 --> 00:07:25,928 in the mantle of authority. 55 00:07:28,376 --> 00:07:32,142 Now I have seen what the future holds, Abigail. 56 00:07:33,247 --> 00:07:36,410 Men and manners, principles, opinions... 57 00:07:36,450 --> 00:07:40,011 they've altered very much in this country. 58 00:07:40,054 --> 00:07:42,420 Authority is our only protection 59 00:07:42,456 --> 00:07:45,516 against discord, civil war and sedition. 60 00:07:45,560 --> 00:07:47,653 Now the office of the president, no doubt, 61 00:07:47,695 --> 00:07:49,720 is sufficient to establish such authority. 62 00:07:49,764 --> 00:07:51,231 But we must not be surprised 63 00:07:51,265 --> 00:07:53,062 if we ever find we need a monarch 64 00:07:53,100 --> 00:07:55,000 - to keep us from coming asunder! - You would do well 65 00:07:55,036 --> 00:07:57,266 to keep your thoughts to yourself, John. 66 00:07:57,305 --> 00:08:00,365 People will say that your mind 67 00:08:00,408 --> 00:08:03,468 has been tainted by foreign courts. 68 00:08:03,511 --> 00:08:05,945 They are already saying such things in Boston. 69 00:08:05,980 --> 00:08:08,141 A man cannot go to Europe 70 00:08:08,182 --> 00:08:10,082 without being tainted, 71 00:08:10,117 --> 00:08:12,108 as you well know. 72 00:08:21,095 --> 00:08:23,393 As I was sent there on the people's business, 73 00:08:23,431 --> 00:08:25,331 if some taint has stuck to me, 74 00:08:25,366 --> 00:08:28,995 perhaps the people ought to pay me for the damages. 75 00:08:30,004 --> 00:08:31,972 Where are you going? 76 00:08:32,006 --> 00:08:34,566 We'll finish this conversation when you regain your senses. 77 00:08:36,744 --> 00:08:38,473 I, uh... 78 00:08:38,512 --> 00:08:41,879 I was not aware that I had lost them. 79 00:08:41,916 --> 00:08:43,383 Well, you have. 80 00:08:43,417 --> 00:08:45,977 Hold a moment, hold. 81 00:08:48,456 --> 00:08:51,892 I shall endeavor to be more patient... 82 00:08:53,260 --> 00:08:55,228 and I will look to you 83 00:08:55,262 --> 00:08:58,060 to correct me if I do not. 84 00:09:01,168 --> 00:09:05,161 I am sorry that I was not here earlier, John. 85 00:09:07,041 --> 00:09:09,942 But I cannot be with you always. 86 00:09:11,145 --> 00:09:13,670 We cannot get by on your salary. 87 00:09:13,714 --> 00:09:16,274 $5,000 a years 88 00:09:16,317 --> 00:09:17,807 is hardly worthy of such an office. 89 00:09:17,852 --> 00:09:20,753 The farm brings us an income and someone must tend to it. 90 00:09:20,788 --> 00:09:22,119 Then we will find a tenant. 91 00:09:22,156 --> 00:09:23,487 There are none to be had. 92 00:09:23,524 --> 00:09:24,991 Then leave the place 93 00:09:25,026 --> 00:09:27,893 to the birds of the air and the beasts of the field. 94 00:09:36,604 --> 00:09:38,504 I need my ballast. 95 00:09:38,539 --> 00:09:42,134 You need to mind your tongue... 96 00:09:43,544 --> 00:09:45,705 nothing more. 97 00:09:50,584 --> 00:09:52,814 Not that you will listen to me. 98 00:10:04,765 --> 00:10:06,528 Stay 99 00:10:06,567 --> 00:10:10,560 and you shall see me reformed. 100 00:10:12,707 --> 00:10:15,107 I will stay with you 101 00:10:15,142 --> 00:10:18,669 until Congress adjourns. 102 00:10:47,208 --> 00:10:50,371 You must find Philadelphia much changed, Mr. Jefferson. 103 00:10:50,411 --> 00:10:54,074 More changed than I could have imagined, Mr. Hamilton. 104 00:10:54,115 --> 00:10:57,516 Not the city itself. All cities swallow everything in their way. 105 00:10:57,551 --> 00:11:00,076 That's no surprise to me. That's why I abhor them. 106 00:11:00,121 --> 00:11:03,090 But I've been, as you know, in revolutionary France, 107 00:11:03,124 --> 00:11:05,354 where the streets are filled 108 00:11:05,392 --> 00:11:08,225 with the songs of liberty and brotherhood 109 00:11:08,262 --> 00:11:11,823 and the overthrow of our ancient tyrannies of Europe. 110 00:11:11,866 --> 00:11:14,357 And to return from there to this, 111 00:11:14,401 --> 00:11:17,768 our cradle of revolution and find the dinnertable chatter 112 00:11:17,805 --> 00:11:20,467 is all of money and banks 113 00:11:20,508 --> 00:11:23,773 and authority is an unwelcome surprise. 114 00:11:25,913 --> 00:11:29,041 Unwelcome perhaps, but necessary. 115 00:11:29,083 --> 00:11:32,109 I must admit, Mr. Hamilton, 116 00:11:32,153 --> 00:11:35,145 I am a little uncertain 117 00:11:35,189 --> 00:11:37,487 as to the purpose of the Treasury Department. 118 00:11:39,360 --> 00:11:42,329 No doubt its function will reveal itself to me in good time. 119 00:11:43,597 --> 00:11:45,622 The future prosperity of this nation 120 00:11:45,666 --> 00:11:48,601 rests chiefly in trade. 121 00:11:48,636 --> 00:11:50,763 Trade depends, among other things, 122 00:11:50,805 --> 00:11:53,399 on the willingness of other nations to lend us money. 123 00:11:53,440 --> 00:11:57,274 And how would you propose to establish international credit? 124 00:11:57,311 --> 00:12:00,474 Our first step would be to incur a national debt. 125 00:12:00,514 --> 00:12:03,779 The greater the debt, the greater the credit. 126 00:12:03,818 --> 00:12:06,878 And to that end I have recommended to the president 127 00:12:06,921 --> 00:12:10,118 that Congress adopt all the debts 128 00:12:10,157 --> 00:12:13,354 incurred by the individual states during the war 129 00:12:13,394 --> 00:12:14,861 through a national bank. 130 00:12:14,895 --> 00:12:16,624 The idea being 131 00:12:16,664 --> 00:12:19,633 that if the states owe Congress money, 132 00:12:19,667 --> 00:12:23,398 then other nations will feel more inclined to lend it to us. 133 00:12:25,339 --> 00:12:27,967 If the states are indebted to a central authority, 134 00:12:28,008 --> 00:12:30,909 it increases the power of the central government. 135 00:12:30,945 --> 00:12:32,537 There you have it exactly. 136 00:12:32,580 --> 00:12:34,309 The greater the government's responsibility, 137 00:12:34,348 --> 00:12:35,838 the greater its authority. 138 00:12:38,152 --> 00:12:41,121 The moneyed interest in this country 139 00:12:41,155 --> 00:12:43,180 is all in the north, 140 00:12:43,224 --> 00:12:46,887 so the wealth and power would inevitably be concentrated there 141 00:12:46,927 --> 00:12:48,417 in a federal government... 142 00:12:50,331 --> 00:12:52,356 to the expense of the south. 143 00:12:52,399 --> 00:12:54,526 If that is the case, 144 00:12:54,568 --> 00:12:57,969 it is unavoidable if the Union 145 00:12:58,005 --> 00:12:59,939 is to be preserved. 146 00:12:59,974 --> 00:13:01,999 I fear our revolution will have been in vain 147 00:13:02,042 --> 00:13:04,340 if a Virginia farmer is to be held in hock 148 00:13:04,378 --> 00:13:06,005 to a New York stockjobber 149 00:13:06,046 --> 00:13:08,844 who in turn is in hock to a London banker. 150 00:13:10,584 --> 00:13:13,644 The opportunities for avarice 151 00:13:13,687 --> 00:13:15,552 and corruption would 152 00:13:15,589 --> 00:13:18,023 certainly prove irresistible. 153 00:13:18,058 --> 00:13:21,516 There you have it. As I have heard said, 154 00:13:21,562 --> 00:13:25,430 "If men were angels then no government would be necessary." 155 00:13:27,801 --> 00:13:29,462 Sadly that is very well said. 156 00:13:29,503 --> 00:13:31,994 But there can be no question, 157 00:13:32,039 --> 00:13:35,600 our nation cannot bind together 158 00:13:35,643 --> 00:13:38,510 without powerful central government. 159 00:13:38,545 --> 00:13:41,378 But we must also accommodate 160 00:13:41,415 --> 00:13:43,406 the needs of our constituent states, 161 00:13:43,450 --> 00:13:45,418 both north and south. 162 00:13:47,488 --> 00:13:51,515 The power of one must check and balance the other. 163 00:13:51,558 --> 00:13:54,026 And to that end we must dedicate 164 00:13:54,061 --> 00:13:56,154 all of our energies, and our care. 165 00:14:02,169 --> 00:14:04,137 I would like to 166 00:14:04,171 --> 00:14:07,629 welcome Mr. Jefferson home. 167 00:14:13,280 --> 00:14:14,872 Mr. Secretary of State. 168 00:14:14,915 --> 00:14:16,507 Hear, hear. 169 00:14:17,651 --> 00:14:19,414 Mr. President, gentlemen. 170 00:14:23,857 --> 00:14:27,452 There are cabinet matters that I would like to discuss. 171 00:14:28,462 --> 00:14:32,023 If you would excuse us, Mr. Adams. 172 00:14:34,268 --> 00:14:37,533 Please convey my regards to your wife. 173 00:14:42,609 --> 00:14:44,600 Gentlemen. 174 00:14:45,713 --> 00:14:47,772 John. 175 00:14:49,683 --> 00:14:52,447 Mr. President. 176 00:14:53,520 --> 00:14:57,012 Mr. President and nothing more. 177 00:15:20,814 --> 00:15:23,180 The president must not be allowed 178 00:15:23,217 --> 00:15:25,208 to remove cabinet officers on whatever whim. 179 00:15:25,252 --> 00:15:27,948 - Hear, hear. - The Senate must advise and consent 180 00:15:27,988 --> 00:15:31,480 to their removal the same as to their appointment. 181 00:15:31,525 --> 00:15:33,618 Mr. MacClay's bill is an affront 182 00:15:33,660 --> 00:15:35,992 to the authority of the executive branch. 183 00:15:36,030 --> 00:15:38,362 - Hear, hear. - It seeks nothing less 184 00:15:38,399 --> 00:15:41,732 than to indenture the president to this body's will. 185 00:15:41,769 --> 00:15:44,203 - Hear, hear! - Mr. Pinckney, 186 00:15:44,238 --> 00:15:47,207 the British Parliamentary model may be instructive here. 187 00:15:49,543 --> 00:15:51,773 The Senate would no doubt benefit from the vice president's 188 00:15:51,812 --> 00:15:53,473 learning and erudition on the subject, 189 00:15:53,514 --> 00:15:55,709 but I respectfully remind him 190 00:15:55,749 --> 00:15:59,116 that barring a tie in voting, he has no say in the matter. 191 00:16:00,587 --> 00:16:04,421 I am in no need of reminders, Mr. MacClay. 192 00:16:04,458 --> 00:16:06,323 I concur with Mr. MacClay's opinion. 193 00:16:06,360 --> 00:16:08,954 The president must not have unlimited authority in cabinet matters. 194 00:16:08,996 --> 00:16:11,794 Hear, hear. 195 00:16:17,204 --> 00:16:19,968 The role of vice president 196 00:16:20,007 --> 00:16:23,067 is the most insignificant office ever devised 197 00:16:23,110 --> 00:16:24,577 by the mind of man. 198 00:16:28,515 --> 00:16:31,609 No, I assure you it is punishment 199 00:16:31,652 --> 00:16:34,120 to hear other men talk five hours a day 200 00:16:34,154 --> 00:16:37,954 and not be at liberty to talk myself. 201 00:16:37,991 --> 00:16:39,481 Me of all people. 202 00:16:40,727 --> 00:16:43,355 A torture for you, to be sure. 203 00:16:43,397 --> 00:16:45,126 Most of those I hear, they're too young. 204 00:16:45,165 --> 00:16:48,032 They're too inexperienced. 205 00:16:48,068 --> 00:16:49,558 They're too fractious. 206 00:16:51,738 --> 00:16:55,504 I was of a mind to refuse the vice presidency entirely, you know. 207 00:16:57,144 --> 00:17:00,409 And half the Electoral College were determined to oblige me. 208 00:17:05,219 --> 00:17:07,414 There are rumors. 209 00:17:07,454 --> 00:17:09,445 What rumors? 210 00:17:09,490 --> 00:17:11,981 Some say intrigue was used. 211 00:17:12,025 --> 00:17:14,220 To what possible purpose? 212 00:17:14,261 --> 00:17:17,424 Many were urged to withhold their votes for you. 213 00:17:17,464 --> 00:17:20,900 It was deemed an essential point of caution 214 00:17:20,934 --> 00:17:24,631 to see that your showing not embarrass General Washington; 215 00:17:27,708 --> 00:17:30,575 That he be elected unanimously. 216 00:17:30,611 --> 00:17:34,069 Who is the author of this dirty scheme? 217 00:17:34,114 --> 00:17:35,672 No one can say for certain. 218 00:17:35,716 --> 00:17:37,707 Good God. 219 00:17:41,388 --> 00:17:44,152 To be used in such a despicable manner. 220 00:17:44,191 --> 00:17:45,658 I am sorry to be the one... 221 00:17:45,692 --> 00:17:48,160 No no, Dr. Rush. 222 00:17:48,195 --> 00:17:50,629 I thank you for your frankness. 223 00:17:52,900 --> 00:17:56,461 And thus we set an example for the world. 224 00:17:58,105 --> 00:18:02,041 Tales of dirty and duplicitous intrigues in our first election. 225 00:18:06,280 --> 00:18:09,181 I hear that we are called Federalists now 226 00:18:09,216 --> 00:18:12,185 because we believe in strong central government. 227 00:18:13,820 --> 00:18:15,583 And our opponents 228 00:18:15,622 --> 00:18:18,853 now style themselves Republicans 229 00:18:18,892 --> 00:18:22,328 because they believe in the sovereignty of the people. 230 00:18:22,362 --> 00:18:24,626 Ha! 231 00:18:24,665 --> 00:18:26,599 I dread a division of our republic 232 00:18:26,633 --> 00:18:29,625 into parties, Doctor. 233 00:18:29,670 --> 00:18:32,036 Yet that is what I see is happening. 234 00:18:40,514 --> 00:18:43,745 It is in a state of almost permanent revolution, Monticello. 235 00:18:43,784 --> 00:18:45,718 No sooner have I completed it 236 00:18:45,752 --> 00:18:47,743 than I wish to tear it down and start again. 237 00:18:47,788 --> 00:18:51,246 I want to build a new portico. 238 00:18:51,291 --> 00:18:52,758 Triangular pediment 239 00:18:52,793 --> 00:18:56,422 on four great pillars. 240 00:18:56,463 --> 00:18:59,591 - Is it not magnificent, John? - Yes. 241 00:18:59,633 --> 00:19:01,863 Very nice. 242 00:19:03,237 --> 00:19:06,798 But it is not to be as yet. When duty calls... 243 00:19:09,309 --> 00:19:12,540 We feared for your safety in Paris, Thomas. 244 00:19:15,082 --> 00:19:18,313 The papers are still full of the most alarming reports. 245 00:19:18,352 --> 00:19:20,252 Yes, a Bastille commander's head 246 00:19:20,287 --> 00:19:22,755 carried through the streets on a pike. 247 00:19:23,924 --> 00:19:26,017 One officer hanged from a lamppost, 248 00:19:26,059 --> 00:19:29,051 another one cut to pieces, his heart torn from his body 249 00:19:29,096 --> 00:19:32,293 and brandished out the window of the Hotel de Ville. 250 00:19:32,332 --> 00:19:34,732 You cannot expect a people so long oppressed 251 00:19:34,768 --> 00:19:37,703 to be transported from despotism 252 00:19:37,738 --> 00:19:39,763 to liberty on a feather bed. 253 00:19:41,775 --> 00:19:44,869 I believe the violence will end soon enough, 254 00:19:44,911 --> 00:19:46,674 as it has here. 255 00:19:47,981 --> 00:19:50,415 But should everything be pulled down, 256 00:19:50,450 --> 00:19:52,816 what shall be put in its place? 257 00:19:52,853 --> 00:19:55,720 Given the entrenched divisions within French society 258 00:19:55,756 --> 00:19:57,223 which you witnessed, 259 00:19:57,257 --> 00:19:59,885 I believe the most we can achieve 260 00:19:59,926 --> 00:20:02,759 is a monarchy limited in its power to act 261 00:20:02,796 --> 00:20:04,388 by a parliament on the British model. 262 00:20:06,433 --> 00:20:09,766 That is what I told the Marquis de Lafayette. 263 00:20:09,803 --> 00:20:12,169 Do you mean to say that you involved yourself 264 00:20:12,205 --> 00:20:14,503 in revolutionary activities 265 00:20:14,541 --> 00:20:16,600 as our acting ambassador? 266 00:20:16,643 --> 00:20:19,771 Lafayette sought my advice 267 00:20:19,813 --> 00:20:22,782 on the drafting of a declaration of the rights of man 268 00:20:22,816 --> 00:20:26,377 and I was happy to oblige, yes. 269 00:20:26,420 --> 00:20:28,980 I was in the Assembly Nationale when it was proclaimed. 270 00:20:29,022 --> 00:20:31,149 In fact, you could say the Constitution of France 271 00:20:31,191 --> 00:20:33,250 was conceived in my parlor. 272 00:20:34,995 --> 00:20:37,896 These are dangerous grounds, Thomas. 273 00:20:37,931 --> 00:20:40,456 The French court was well aware of my involvement. 274 00:20:40,500 --> 00:20:43,435 They thought that I would be a moderating influence 275 00:20:43,470 --> 00:20:45,802 on the more hot-headed members of the assembly. 276 00:20:45,839 --> 00:20:49,240 They seek only to emulate our experience, John. 277 00:20:49,276 --> 00:20:52,575 We must support them. 278 00:21:00,854 --> 00:21:04,346 I am not as sanguine as you 279 00:21:04,391 --> 00:21:05,858 about the prospects in France. 280 00:21:05,892 --> 00:21:09,089 Should King Louis and his advisors 281 00:21:09,129 --> 00:21:12,292 not deliver these promised reforms, 282 00:21:12,332 --> 00:21:14,698 well then, this violence will only escalate. 283 00:21:14,735 --> 00:21:18,671 The king himself could become a victim of it 284 00:21:18,705 --> 00:21:21,538 and England and Spain will rightfully fear 285 00:21:21,575 --> 00:21:23,634 the spread of revolution across Europe. 286 00:21:23,677 --> 00:21:26,237 They will be forced to declare war 287 00:21:26,279 --> 00:21:28,372 to protect their monarchies. 288 00:21:30,117 --> 00:21:32,415 Our treaty with France will draw us 289 00:21:32,452 --> 00:21:34,010 into a conflict that we can ill afford. 290 00:21:36,456 --> 00:21:39,357 France is in the throes of a violent birth. 291 00:21:39,393 --> 00:21:41,384 We should rejoice. 292 00:21:44,030 --> 00:21:46,726 We should rejoice, John. 293 00:21:46,767 --> 00:21:49,565 And is that the advice you are giving the president? 294 00:21:49,603 --> 00:21:51,571 We should rejoice? 295 00:21:56,576 --> 00:21:58,737 When the president seeks my counsel, 296 00:21:58,779 --> 00:22:00,872 I give him what advice I can. 297 00:22:00,914 --> 00:22:03,974 It's not always welcomed by the cabinet. 298 00:22:06,052 --> 00:22:07,679 I would know nothing about that. 299 00:22:07,721 --> 00:22:09,621 - No. - No. 300 00:22:17,397 --> 00:22:20,457 I trust you will find President Washington 301 00:22:20,500 --> 00:22:23,128 is as independent-minded as ever. 302 00:22:25,038 --> 00:22:26,733 He has too much power, as I feared, 303 00:22:26,773 --> 00:22:28,206 and the Congress has too little. 304 00:22:28,241 --> 00:22:29,868 He is a monarch in all but name. 305 00:22:29,910 --> 00:22:33,869 A chief magistrate, once in power, rarely leaves it willingly. 306 00:22:33,914 --> 00:22:37,281 I am no believer in monarchy as such, 307 00:22:37,317 --> 00:22:40,047 as you well know. 308 00:22:41,188 --> 00:22:43,884 But I have seen the result of too many mobs 309 00:22:43,924 --> 00:22:46,154 to entrust them with the government, sir. 310 00:22:46,193 --> 00:22:49,685 The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time 311 00:22:49,729 --> 00:22:52,323 with the blood of patriots and tyrants. 312 00:22:52,365 --> 00:22:55,061 It is a natural manure. 313 00:23:00,841 --> 00:23:03,002 You must be careful, John. 314 00:23:05,045 --> 00:23:07,411 I find him much changed. 315 00:23:20,193 --> 00:23:22,320 Add the usual salutation. 316 00:23:22,362 --> 00:23:25,627 "Your humble servant... et cetera, et cetera." 317 00:23:25,665 --> 00:23:27,132 Yes, sir. 318 00:23:27,167 --> 00:23:30,625 Thank you, Colonel Smith. That's all for now. 319 00:23:31,938 --> 00:23:33,963 Perhaps I may indulge your patience 320 00:23:34,007 --> 00:23:37,875 with a personal request, sir? 321 00:23:37,911 --> 00:23:39,469 A matter I've been meaning 322 00:23:39,513 --> 00:23:41,879 to broach with you for some time now. 323 00:23:41,915 --> 00:23:44,076 An increase in your meager salary 324 00:23:44,117 --> 00:23:45,744 is quite out of the question, Colonel. 325 00:23:45,785 --> 00:23:47,650 I'm sorry. 326 00:23:47,687 --> 00:23:50,815 It's not that, sir. 327 00:23:50,857 --> 00:23:53,189 Though I am without fame or fortune, 328 00:23:53,226 --> 00:23:54,693 such as I am, 329 00:23:54,728 --> 00:23:57,060 I aspire to your daughter's love. 330 00:23:59,332 --> 00:24:01,061 I beg your pardon? 331 00:24:01,101 --> 00:24:03,194 My dau... 332 00:24:11,545 --> 00:24:15,481 what was that about my daughter? 333 00:24:17,884 --> 00:24:19,351 You mean to say 334 00:24:19,386 --> 00:24:22,480 you vetoed Colonel Smith's proposal? 335 00:24:22,522 --> 00:24:25,514 I did. Nabby is a child. 336 00:24:25,559 --> 00:24:28,892 Your child, had you not noticed, is a young woman 337 00:24:28,929 --> 00:24:30,487 of great sensibility. 338 00:24:30,530 --> 00:24:32,760 Far too much sensibility, I think. 339 00:24:34,701 --> 00:24:37,898 Her mother had too much sensibility at her age to be very prudent. 340 00:24:39,005 --> 00:24:41,235 - Far too much. - And it won her a heart 341 00:24:41,274 --> 00:24:43,765 of as much sensibility as hers. 342 00:24:46,880 --> 00:24:49,280 Nabby is content with the match. We should be as well. 343 00:24:59,392 --> 00:25:02,327 Mr. Jefferson stands at the head of a faction, 344 00:25:02,362 --> 00:25:05,889 in my judgment, subversive to the principles of good government 345 00:25:05,932 --> 00:25:09,834 and dangerous to the peace, union and happiness of this country. 346 00:25:09,869 --> 00:25:12,929 Any such faction, if it exists, Mr. Hamilton, 347 00:25:12,973 --> 00:25:15,737 is grossly underrepresented in this cabinet 348 00:25:15,775 --> 00:25:18,175 which persists in its determination 349 00:25:18,211 --> 00:25:20,475 to replace colonial subjugation 350 00:25:20,513 --> 00:25:22,174 by Great Britain 351 00:25:22,215 --> 00:25:25,013 with equally pernicious financial subjugation... 352 00:25:25,051 --> 00:25:27,918 Enough, Mr. Jefferson. Enough. 353 00:25:29,956 --> 00:25:32,618 You will hereafter show more charity 354 00:25:32,659 --> 00:25:35,822 for each other's opinions and... Mr. Jefferson! 355 00:25:35,862 --> 00:25:37,193 I will not have this government undermined 356 00:25:37,230 --> 00:25:39,960 by party politics and acts! 357 00:25:43,503 --> 00:25:45,494 John. 358 00:25:45,538 --> 00:25:47,096 Thomas. 359 00:25:47,140 --> 00:25:49,438 Mr. Hamilton. 360 00:25:55,248 --> 00:25:58,240 Well, I am very sorry 361 00:25:58,284 --> 00:26:00,275 to intrude upon your affairs. 362 00:26:02,022 --> 00:26:05,685 I only came to say that I am leaving for Peacefield in the morning, 363 00:26:05,725 --> 00:26:09,252 what with the yellow fever season approaching, 364 00:26:09,295 --> 00:26:12,287 and my daughter is to be married. 365 00:26:14,567 --> 00:26:17,593 I believe that you know the groom... Colonel William Smith. 366 00:26:17,637 --> 00:26:20,800 Colonel Smith was under my command at Long Island. 367 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:23,331 He served with great distinction. 368 00:26:23,376 --> 00:26:25,344 I congratulate you 369 00:26:25,378 --> 00:26:27,642 on such a fitting match for your daughter. 370 00:26:27,681 --> 00:26:29,706 Thank you, sir. 371 00:26:32,752 --> 00:26:34,720 Yes, well, good day. 372 00:26:34,754 --> 00:26:37,655 - Mr. Adams. - Yes? 373 00:26:37,691 --> 00:26:39,625 Will you not join me at table? 374 00:26:39,659 --> 00:26:41,650 I have need of more... 375 00:26:41,695 --> 00:26:43,856 reasonable company. 376 00:26:47,701 --> 00:26:49,794 This uprising in France 377 00:26:49,836 --> 00:26:51,963 places us in a difficult position. 378 00:26:52,005 --> 00:26:54,405 We cannot trade with Britain 379 00:26:54,441 --> 00:26:57,308 and support her enemy at the same time. 380 00:26:57,343 --> 00:26:59,834 Surely this is a matter 381 00:26:59,879 --> 00:27:02,848 on which the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury 382 00:27:02,882 --> 00:27:04,349 should offer counsel. 383 00:27:04,384 --> 00:27:07,046 Mr. Jefferson and Mr. Hamilton 384 00:27:07,087 --> 00:27:08,645 can agree on nothing. 385 00:27:08,688 --> 00:27:12,021 I fear that we will be 386 00:27:12,058 --> 00:27:15,152 drawn into the perpetual European conflict. 387 00:27:15,195 --> 00:27:18,596 I would advise neutrality, sir. 388 00:27:20,033 --> 00:27:23,400 Avoid any hostilities or any show of support. 389 00:27:23,436 --> 00:27:25,529 America must be beholden to no one, 390 00:27:25,572 --> 00:27:27,699 neither England nor France. 391 00:27:27,741 --> 00:27:30,869 It is sheer folly for us to expect 392 00:27:30,910 --> 00:27:33,743 disinterested relations with France or England 393 00:27:33,780 --> 00:27:35,645 or any other country. 394 00:27:35,682 --> 00:27:37,582 The gangrene of faction 395 00:27:37,617 --> 00:27:40,586 must not be allowed to rot this government. 396 00:27:40,620 --> 00:27:42,451 You are the balance 397 00:27:42,489 --> 00:27:45,014 that holds both sides together. 398 00:27:45,058 --> 00:27:47,356 Without you, there would be dissolution. 399 00:27:47,393 --> 00:27:49,623 On that, Mr. Hamilton 400 00:27:49,662 --> 00:27:51,994 and Mr. Jefferson do agree. 401 00:27:55,101 --> 00:27:58,434 You are indispensable, sir. 402 00:27:58,471 --> 00:28:01,838 But for how much longer, Mr. Adams? 403 00:28:07,347 --> 00:28:09,440 Is something the matter, sir? 404 00:28:09,482 --> 00:28:11,916 Blasted teeth. 405 00:28:13,419 --> 00:28:15,410 Terrible nuisance, yes. 406 00:28:20,660 --> 00:28:23,458 Sir, madam, a great honor you have conferred 407 00:28:23,496 --> 00:28:25,361 upon the bridegroom and the bride 408 00:28:25,398 --> 00:28:27,263 by being present at this solemnity 409 00:28:27,300 --> 00:28:29,530 does very conveniently supersede 410 00:28:29,569 --> 00:28:32,436 any further inquiry after your consent. 411 00:28:32,472 --> 00:28:34,531 And the part I am desired to take in this wedding 412 00:28:34,574 --> 00:28:38,305 renders the way of my giving consent very compendious. 413 00:28:38,344 --> 00:28:41,905 There is no manner or room left for the previous question, 414 00:28:41,948 --> 00:28:45,816 "Who giveth this woman to be married to this man?" 415 00:28:47,720 --> 00:28:49,415 Give me your hand for a moment 416 00:28:49,455 --> 00:28:52,720 into the bridegroom's forever. 417 00:28:53,726 --> 00:28:55,557 Now joined in matrimony, 418 00:28:55,595 --> 00:28:57,859 let us say the Lord's Prayer. 419 00:29:00,166 --> 00:29:01,724 You will be pleased to hear, Father, 420 00:29:01,768 --> 00:29:03,599 that some interesting investment prospects 421 00:29:03,636 --> 00:29:05,365 have presented themselves for me in London. 422 00:29:08,208 --> 00:29:09,835 You're leaving? 423 00:29:11,277 --> 00:29:13,438 So soon after the wedding? 424 00:29:13,479 --> 00:29:14,946 I frown on speculation. 425 00:29:14,981 --> 00:29:18,940 It is nothing more than rolling in luxury 426 00:29:18,985 --> 00:29:20,976 on the property of others. 427 00:29:21,020 --> 00:29:23,454 You should settle on a profession, Colonel Smith, 428 00:29:23,489 --> 00:29:25,753 as my sons have. 429 00:29:28,528 --> 00:29:30,325 Naturally I would postpone any trip 430 00:29:30,363 --> 00:29:32,627 if I could be of some service to the government. 431 00:29:34,033 --> 00:29:37,230 Perhaps you could put a word in with General Washington. 432 00:29:41,107 --> 00:29:44,634 And how on earth would I justify that? 433 00:29:45,678 --> 00:29:48,044 My sister and I are now family. 434 00:29:54,487 --> 00:29:57,251 I have no say in the matter. 435 00:29:59,225 --> 00:30:01,352 And even if I did, 436 00:30:01,394 --> 00:30:03,487 I could not allow my authority 437 00:30:03,529 --> 00:30:05,360 to become subservient to my private views, sir. 438 00:30:05,398 --> 00:30:06,888 William was only saying... 439 00:30:06,933 --> 00:30:09,766 I know what he was saying, 440 00:30:09,802 --> 00:30:13,033 Nabby, and he has my answer. 441 00:30:15,341 --> 00:30:17,832 And when will you give me your answer, Miss Smith? 442 00:30:19,312 --> 00:30:21,974 What is the question, Mr. Adams? 443 00:30:28,321 --> 00:30:30,949 I urge you to return to Philadelphia. 444 00:30:32,692 --> 00:30:35,593 Should General Washington decide to stand for a second term... 445 00:30:35,628 --> 00:30:37,289 And I have no doubt he will. 446 00:30:37,330 --> 00:30:38,820 - It is absolutely essential 447 00:30:38,865 --> 00:30:41,766 that you retain the vice presidency. 448 00:30:41,801 --> 00:30:44,167 If however he should not stand, 449 00:30:44,203 --> 00:30:45,795 you will be our party's choice. 450 00:30:47,573 --> 00:30:49,268 Well... 451 00:30:51,511 --> 00:30:54,969 But I cannot imagine my presence is necessary for the elections. 452 00:30:55,014 --> 00:30:57,107 We must gird ourselves against disruption 453 00:30:57,150 --> 00:30:58,981 in this election. 454 00:30:59,018 --> 00:31:01,384 You're a man who appreciates balance 455 00:31:01,421 --> 00:31:02,888 and balance is what we need. 456 00:31:02,922 --> 00:31:05,390 But I fear I have little influence. 457 00:31:05,425 --> 00:31:07,689 The Secretary of State suffers 458 00:31:07,727 --> 00:31:10,992 from a womanish attachment to France. 459 00:31:11,030 --> 00:31:13,191 There are those who say that Mr. Jefferson 460 00:31:13,232 --> 00:31:14,995 is more Frenchman than American. 461 00:31:15,034 --> 00:31:18,060 That is an unfair attack on an old and dear friend. 462 00:31:18,104 --> 00:31:21,096 I beg your pardon if I have misspoken. 463 00:31:21,140 --> 00:31:24,268 Thomas is of a most unbiased constitution. 464 00:31:24,310 --> 00:31:26,301 No matter how indifferent you may be 465 00:31:26,346 --> 00:31:28,280 to the outcome of the election, Mr. Adams, 466 00:31:28,314 --> 00:31:31,078 I hope you are not so to the cause of good government. 467 00:31:31,117 --> 00:31:34,086 Our Republican adversaries have been emboldened 468 00:31:34,120 --> 00:31:36,179 by the arrival of a French envoy 469 00:31:36,222 --> 00:31:39,157 who is stirring up anti-British sentiment. 470 00:31:39,192 --> 00:31:42,684 This is the end of monarchy. 471 00:31:42,729 --> 00:31:45,664 Death to all tyrants. 472 00:31:45,698 --> 00:31:47,495 The end of tyranny! 473 00:31:56,976 --> 00:31:58,341 Vive la France! 474 00:32:01,481 --> 00:32:03,676 King Louis is dead! 475 00:32:05,752 --> 00:32:09,415 Long live the French and American republics. 476 00:32:09,455 --> 00:32:11,787 Yeah! 477 00:32:11,824 --> 00:32:14,122 Now that war has been declared 478 00:32:14,160 --> 00:32:16,685 between your country and Great Britain, 479 00:32:16,729 --> 00:32:18,697 we must remain neutral, 480 00:32:18,731 --> 00:32:21,598 Ambassador Genet. 481 00:32:21,634 --> 00:32:23,431 The United States is a new 482 00:32:23,469 --> 00:32:25,699 and independent nation. 483 00:32:25,738 --> 00:32:27,865 It is in our best national interest 484 00:32:27,907 --> 00:32:30,876 to keep ourselves apart from affairs 485 00:32:30,910 --> 00:32:33,140 to which we have no attachment. 486 00:32:33,179 --> 00:32:36,580 Surely the cause of France is the cause of America, 487 00:32:36,616 --> 00:32:38,982 of the world. 488 00:32:39,018 --> 00:32:41,714 A threat to France 489 00:32:41,754 --> 00:32:44,348 is a threat to America. 490 00:32:46,526 --> 00:32:49,086 And we have a treaty, Mr. President, 491 00:32:49,128 --> 00:32:52,791 a treaty made when you were at war with England. 492 00:32:52,832 --> 00:32:56,131 I remind the ambassador that our treaty with France 493 00:32:56,169 --> 00:32:58,137 was made with King Louis. 494 00:32:58,171 --> 00:33:01,663 The King's murder renders that compact 495 00:33:01,707 --> 00:33:04,403 no longer binding. 496 00:33:06,412 --> 00:33:08,937 Thousands of your people 497 00:33:08,981 --> 00:33:11,916 have called themselves our brother. 498 00:33:11,951 --> 00:33:14,078 Since I landed in America, 499 00:33:14,120 --> 00:33:16,884 I have found many willing to fight. 500 00:33:16,923 --> 00:33:19,483 You will refrain, Ambassador Genet, 501 00:33:19,525 --> 00:33:23,017 from any further efforts to recruit our citizens 502 00:33:23,062 --> 00:33:24,859 to belligerent actions. 503 00:33:24,897 --> 00:33:26,922 I will not allow you 504 00:33:26,966 --> 00:33:29,799 to outfit privateers to join in your war 505 00:33:29,836 --> 00:33:31,303 against England 506 00:33:31,337 --> 00:33:33,237 It is not for you to tell me this. 507 00:33:36,642 --> 00:33:39,042 Tread carefully, sir. 508 00:33:39,078 --> 00:33:43,037 The people will command me as they command you. 509 00:33:43,082 --> 00:33:45,710 Ambassador Genet... 510 00:33:45,751 --> 00:33:48,015 You will hear from me again, sir, 511 00:33:48,054 --> 00:33:51,546 and then I will speak to you with a million voices 512 00:33:51,591 --> 00:33:53,388 and you will obey. 513 00:34:02,168 --> 00:34:04,830 The famous French diplomacy. 514 00:34:06,672 --> 00:34:08,537 Mr. Jefferson. 515 00:34:10,109 --> 00:34:13,442 Ambassador Genet has taken leave of his senses. 516 00:34:16,382 --> 00:34:18,247 Surely you see now 517 00:34:18,284 --> 00:34:20,479 that you must compromise, Thomas. 518 00:34:21,487 --> 00:34:23,478 We cannot side with either France 519 00:34:23,523 --> 00:34:25,923 or England in this war. 520 00:34:25,958 --> 00:34:27,687 The president has determined 521 00:34:27,727 --> 00:34:30,924 on a course of strict impartiality. 522 00:34:30,963 --> 00:34:34,421 A wise course and I concur with it. 523 00:34:34,467 --> 00:34:37,732 Impartiality is always partial, John. 524 00:34:38,738 --> 00:34:42,139 It will favor the British 525 00:34:42,175 --> 00:34:43,836 as Mr. Hamilton intends it should. 526 00:34:43,876 --> 00:34:47,312 General Washington judges more independently 527 00:34:47,346 --> 00:34:48,938 than any man I ever saw. 528 00:34:48,981 --> 00:34:51,245 I do wonder, John, 529 00:34:51,284 --> 00:34:52,945 if you can be as blind 530 00:34:52,985 --> 00:34:55,510 to Mr. Hamilton's scheming as you seem. 531 00:34:55,555 --> 00:34:59,082 I am no man's puppet, Thomas. 532 00:34:59,125 --> 00:35:02,617 Mr. Hamilton would have us British in our economy, 533 00:35:02,662 --> 00:35:04,994 British in our forms of government. 534 00:35:05,031 --> 00:35:07,363 British, John, 535 00:35:07,400 --> 00:35:09,459 in all but name. 536 00:35:09,502 --> 00:35:11,367 He believes that man can be governed 537 00:35:11,404 --> 00:35:14,032 only by force and self-interest. 538 00:35:14,073 --> 00:35:16,871 The first is unavailable to him at present, 539 00:35:16,909 --> 00:35:20,310 so he appeals to our baser instincts... 540 00:35:20,346 --> 00:35:22,906 fear and greed. 541 00:35:22,949 --> 00:35:25,315 Our Constitution 542 00:35:25,351 --> 00:35:27,182 provides a strong executive 543 00:35:27,220 --> 00:35:30,587 to counter just such legislative corruption 544 00:35:30,623 --> 00:35:33,251 as you imagine, Thomas. 545 00:35:33,292 --> 00:35:35,726 Our constitution has many good articles 546 00:35:35,761 --> 00:35:37,524 and some bad ones. 547 00:35:37,563 --> 00:35:39,758 I do not know yet which predominate. 548 00:35:42,401 --> 00:35:44,028 Without this government, 549 00:35:44,070 --> 00:35:47,528 our republic would have collapsed into anarchy long ago. 550 00:35:47,573 --> 00:35:48,972 With this government, 551 00:35:49,008 --> 00:35:51,568 I am not certain that we are a republic. 552 00:35:56,882 --> 00:35:59,976 At any rate, I have offered the president my resignation. 553 00:36:07,193 --> 00:36:10,856 I cannot descend daily into the arena 554 00:36:10,896 --> 00:36:14,093 to suffer martyrdom on every conflict. 555 00:36:16,902 --> 00:36:19,462 We have been 556 00:36:19,505 --> 00:36:22,167 the best of partners. 557 00:36:24,243 --> 00:36:26,507 Let us descend together. 558 00:36:26,545 --> 00:36:29,173 Let us fight together. 559 00:36:31,350 --> 00:36:34,319 My departure will be a great relief to me 560 00:36:34,353 --> 00:36:36,685 and no great loss to the public. 561 00:36:37,957 --> 00:36:41,825 It will be a great loss to me, Thomas. 562 00:36:48,000 --> 00:36:50,662 Well... 563 00:36:50,703 --> 00:36:52,466 to the revolution. 564 00:36:54,540 --> 00:36:58,237 - Whose? - They are one and the same, John. 565 00:37:00,012 --> 00:37:02,810 Are they not? 566 00:37:31,977 --> 00:37:33,774 You wish to speak with me, Mr. President? 567 00:37:33,813 --> 00:37:35,940 You've heard of Mr. Jefferson's withdrawal? 568 00:37:35,981 --> 00:37:39,109 He made his thoughts known to me, yes, sir. 569 00:37:39,151 --> 00:37:42,450 I could not persuade him to stay. 570 00:37:42,488 --> 00:37:45,924 He wishes to completely withdraw from public life 571 00:37:45,958 --> 00:37:47,892 and return to his books and his crops. 572 00:37:47,927 --> 00:37:50,828 It's interesting though, is it not, 573 00:37:50,863 --> 00:37:54,390 how political plants grow in the shade of retirement? 574 00:37:57,303 --> 00:37:59,999 This war between France and England 575 00:38:00,039 --> 00:38:02,507 threatens to tear us asunder. 576 00:38:02,541 --> 00:38:05,408 We are poised on the edge of a precipice, Mr. Adams. 577 00:38:05,444 --> 00:38:08,845 We must not allow ourselves to be pushed over the brink. 578 00:38:08,881 --> 00:38:10,746 We are agreed entirely, sir. 579 00:38:10,783 --> 00:38:12,648 Ambassador Genet's visit 580 00:38:12,685 --> 00:38:16,121 has stirred a hornet's nest. 581 00:38:16,155 --> 00:38:19,647 The British government now consider us a belligerent nation 582 00:38:19,692 --> 00:38:21,887 for the very fact of having received him. 583 00:38:24,330 --> 00:38:26,730 I intend to appoint 584 00:38:26,766 --> 00:38:28,631 Chief Justice Jay 585 00:38:28,667 --> 00:38:30,828 as special envoy to London. 586 00:38:30,870 --> 00:38:33,338 Peace between our two countries must be maintained. 587 00:38:33,372 --> 00:38:37,069 Mr. Jay and I served in the peace negotiations in Paris. 588 00:38:37,109 --> 00:38:38,576 He is a most honorable man, yes. 589 00:38:38,611 --> 00:38:42,377 America has a great need in this crisis 590 00:38:42,415 --> 00:38:45,179 for experienced diplomats in foreign stations, 591 00:38:45,217 --> 00:38:48,516 diplomats with your clearness of mind. 592 00:38:48,554 --> 00:38:50,545 Sir... 593 00:38:52,858 --> 00:38:55,122 after so long in exile abroad... 594 00:38:55,161 --> 00:38:58,426 Fear not, Mr. Adams. 595 00:38:59,432 --> 00:39:02,230 It is about your son 596 00:39:02,268 --> 00:39:03,997 I wish to speak. 597 00:39:16,549 --> 00:39:20,246 Your writings in defense of the administration 598 00:39:20,286 --> 00:39:23,687 have come under the president's eye. 599 00:39:23,722 --> 00:39:25,713 I was unaware that my provincial scribblings 600 00:39:25,758 --> 00:39:27,692 were read in Philadelphia. 601 00:39:27,726 --> 00:39:30,286 Well, I may have 602 00:39:30,329 --> 00:39:32,058 shown one or two of them 603 00:39:32,097 --> 00:39:34,361 privately to General Washington, 604 00:39:34,400 --> 00:39:37,164 - as any proud father would. - Naturally. 605 00:39:38,737 --> 00:39:40,671 The president has named you 606 00:39:40,706 --> 00:39:42,469 our Minister to the Netherlands. 607 00:39:42,508 --> 00:39:45,375 The revolution in France has spilled over into Holland. 608 00:39:45,411 --> 00:39:48,676 The Hague is a listening post by which you can keep the government informed. 609 00:39:48,714 --> 00:39:50,841 Presiding over your certain confirmation 610 00:39:50,883 --> 00:39:53,545 will be my proudest moment as vice president. 611 00:39:53,586 --> 00:39:57,147 Now England and France will drag all of Europe 612 00:39:57,189 --> 00:39:58,918 into this feud before it is over. 613 00:39:58,958 --> 00:40:01,518 We must avoid any action that threatens our neutrality. 614 00:40:01,560 --> 00:40:04,757 You must make yourself master of all of our disputes with them. 615 00:40:04,797 --> 00:40:06,765 Spain as well. 616 00:40:06,799 --> 00:40:08,528 Do not be drawn in by the French 617 00:40:08,567 --> 00:40:11,593 and keep well clear of the English ambassador 618 00:40:11,637 --> 00:40:14,299 and all the Anglo-maniacs. 619 00:40:14,340 --> 00:40:17,798 I rather wish the appointment had not been made at all. 620 00:40:22,581 --> 00:40:25,277 Am I to understand that you intend to 621 00:40:25,317 --> 00:40:28,150 refuse this appointment? 622 00:40:28,187 --> 00:40:30,655 Do not worry, Father. 623 00:40:30,689 --> 00:40:32,520 I know my duty as an Adams. 624 00:40:32,558 --> 00:40:36,153 But I am sorry you did not see fit 625 00:40:36,195 --> 00:40:38,186 to consult me on the decision. 626 00:40:48,107 --> 00:40:51,668 Congress will of course assign a secretary to assist you. 627 00:40:51,710 --> 00:40:53,678 I would prefer that Thomas accompany me. 628 00:40:53,712 --> 00:40:56,146 The boy is apprentice to one of the finest attorneys in Philadelphia. 629 00:40:56,181 --> 00:40:57,648 He needs to complete his studies. 630 00:40:57,683 --> 00:40:59,514 Thomas has no liking for the law. 631 00:41:00,619 --> 00:41:02,849 Oh, well he has said nothing to me. 632 00:41:02,888 --> 00:41:05,618 Have you asked him, Father? 633 00:41:10,930 --> 00:41:13,490 While I'm away I must have some comfort 634 00:41:13,532 --> 00:41:15,864 knowing that I will be secure upon my return. 635 00:41:15,901 --> 00:41:19,029 I share Father's distrust of banks 636 00:41:19,071 --> 00:41:21,096 but not his distaste for speculation. 637 00:41:21,140 --> 00:41:24,007 In New York you are in the midst of opportunity. 638 00:41:24,043 --> 00:41:27,501 Colonel Smith says that there is money for the taking in property 639 00:41:27,546 --> 00:41:30,071 and he has furnished me with certain introductions. 640 00:41:31,750 --> 00:41:33,741 Well... 641 00:41:35,754 --> 00:41:39,349 there's $2,000 here. 642 00:41:39,391 --> 00:41:41,552 Invest it wisely. 643 00:41:41,594 --> 00:41:44,427 You are as good as in profit already. 644 00:41:49,969 --> 00:41:52,062 Here they come. 645 00:41:52,104 --> 00:41:54,197 Give a big kiss to Uncle John when he goes. 646 00:41:56,642 --> 00:41:59,270 This tender-hearted fool 647 00:41:59,311 --> 00:42:02,109 has given his family 648 00:42:02,147 --> 00:42:03,808 many anxious hours. 649 00:42:05,551 --> 00:42:07,746 I'm very happy with him. 650 00:42:07,786 --> 00:42:10,755 Public business must be done by somebody. 651 00:42:12,625 --> 00:42:15,355 If wise men decline it, others will do it. 652 00:42:18,797 --> 00:42:21,561 So you've always taught us, Father. 653 00:42:29,775 --> 00:42:31,868 - Sir. - Sir. 654 00:42:31,910 --> 00:42:33,537 Goodbye, Mother. 655 00:42:35,280 --> 00:42:39,273 You have more prudence at 27 than your father at 58. 656 00:42:41,453 --> 00:42:43,717 All of my hopes are in you... 657 00:42:45,457 --> 00:42:48,984 both for our family and for our country. 658 00:42:49,028 --> 00:42:51,519 Do not disappoint me. 659 00:42:56,001 --> 00:42:57,935 Thomas. 660 00:43:01,774 --> 00:43:03,435 Come on. 661 00:43:07,680 --> 00:43:10,513 God keep them safe. 662 00:43:20,993 --> 00:43:23,791 I am sorry to cut my visit so short, Charles, 663 00:43:23,829 --> 00:43:25,797 but I am needed in Philadelphia. 664 00:43:25,831 --> 00:43:28,265 Mr. Jay has returned from London 665 00:43:28,300 --> 00:43:31,201 and the news he brings has not been well-received. 666 00:43:31,236 --> 00:43:33,727 - There is a treaty with England then? - Yes. 667 00:43:33,772 --> 00:43:36,104 And he will be pilloried for it. 668 00:43:37,910 --> 00:43:40,572 Your practice prospers, I trust? 669 00:43:40,612 --> 00:43:42,102 I have clients. 670 00:43:43,582 --> 00:43:46,107 See that you keep them. 671 00:43:49,221 --> 00:43:52,384 Sally seems a steady girl. 672 00:43:55,494 --> 00:43:58,429 I feared that you would not give us your blessing. 673 00:43:58,464 --> 00:44:01,865 An aspiring lawyer should never marry early. 674 00:44:03,402 --> 00:44:05,267 Advice you yourself ignored. 675 00:44:09,475 --> 00:44:11,705 You are happy for me, Father? 676 00:44:13,312 --> 00:44:15,303 You are my son. 677 00:44:17,750 --> 00:44:19,718 I wonder, Father, 678 00:44:19,752 --> 00:44:22,846 just how many anxious hours did you waste on my behalf? 679 00:44:22,888 --> 00:44:24,788 Was it before or after you and Mother 680 00:44:24,823 --> 00:44:27,087 abandoned me and Thomas to the care of tutors? 681 00:44:32,464 --> 00:44:34,398 Are you quite out of your senses, man? 682 00:44:34,433 --> 00:44:35,991 All those years you were in Europe 683 00:44:36,034 --> 00:44:38,298 you were nothing more than a name at the end of a letter. 684 00:44:38,337 --> 00:44:40,100 A very infrequent letter. 685 00:44:40,139 --> 00:44:42,505 Letters full of advice but never affection. 686 00:44:43,742 --> 00:44:47,337 Good God, you are a frivolous boy, Charles. 687 00:44:48,647 --> 00:44:51,582 You know absolutely nothing of honor. 688 00:44:51,617 --> 00:44:54,586 Your disgraceful behavior at Harvard should have been proof enough 689 00:44:54,620 --> 00:44:56,383 of your disregard for duty. 690 00:44:56,421 --> 00:44:58,753 Duty, Father? Was that it or was it reputation? 691 00:45:00,492 --> 00:45:04,394 My entire life has been one of devotion to my country, sir. 692 00:45:04,429 --> 00:45:06,294 Your country. You always speak of your country. 693 00:45:06,331 --> 00:45:07,855 What about us, your family? 694 00:45:07,900 --> 00:45:10,198 Do we not merit any of your precious devotion? 695 00:45:15,307 --> 00:45:17,537 We will never speak of these matters again. 696 00:45:17,576 --> 00:45:19,806 Do we have your blessing, Father? 697 00:45:43,468 --> 00:45:46,562 Gentlemen! Gentlemen! 698 00:45:46,605 --> 00:45:48,596 Gentlemen! 699 00:45:48,640 --> 00:45:51,131 The vote to ratify 700 00:45:51,176 --> 00:45:54,839 the treaty negotiated by Mr. Jay with Great Britain 701 00:45:54,880 --> 00:45:58,372 still stands at 15 in favor, 15 against. 702 00:45:58,417 --> 00:46:01,750 The Jay Treaty is no more than a capitulation to Britain. 703 00:46:01,787 --> 00:46:04,551 They treat us as though we were still a colony. 704 00:46:04,590 --> 00:46:07,115 Peace, sir, is not capitulation. 705 00:46:07,159 --> 00:46:10,526 - Mr. Pinckney, stand down. - And the treaty ensures peace. 706 00:46:10,562 --> 00:46:13,292 - Stand down, sir. - If the people of the United States 707 00:46:13,332 --> 00:46:16,699 had been consulted, no treaty whatever would have been formed, 708 00:46:16,735 --> 00:46:20,603 especially at the expense of the French republic. 709 00:46:20,639 --> 00:46:22,106 Great Britain is not to be contended with? 710 00:46:22,140 --> 00:46:25,576 Did we not fight a bloody and costly revolution 711 00:46:25,611 --> 00:46:28,375 to rid ourselves of British contagion? 712 00:46:28,413 --> 00:46:30,881 - Gentlemen! - Do you want to fight another one? 713 00:46:30,916 --> 00:46:34,716 Mr. Pinckney you will cease! 714 00:46:34,753 --> 00:46:37,586 Good heavens. 715 00:46:39,391 --> 00:46:41,450 The vote still stands 716 00:46:41,493 --> 00:46:44,018 at 15 in favor, 15 against. 717 00:46:44,062 --> 00:46:47,088 And as the Senate cannot come to a resolution, 718 00:46:47,132 --> 00:46:50,124 the final vote, the deciding vote, 719 00:46:50,168 --> 00:46:52,500 falls to this chair. 720 00:46:56,742 --> 00:46:59,609 Falls to His Rotundity. 721 00:47:06,118 --> 00:47:08,211 The president's wishes are clear. 722 00:47:12,791 --> 00:47:16,056 I vote for ratification. 723 00:47:18,964 --> 00:47:22,422 Mr. MacClay. 724 00:47:22,467 --> 00:47:26,233 Mr. Adams casts his vote with the president 725 00:47:26,271 --> 00:47:29,866 only because he looks up to the same goal. 726 00:47:29,908 --> 00:47:31,876 I am forced to look up to it 727 00:47:31,910 --> 00:47:34,572 and bound by duty to do so, sir, 728 00:47:34,613 --> 00:47:37,138 as there is only one breath of one mortal 729 00:47:37,182 --> 00:47:40,447 between me and it. 730 00:47:40,485 --> 00:47:44,353 No treaty with England! No treaty with England! 731 00:47:44,389 --> 00:47:47,552 No treaty! 732 00:47:47,592 --> 00:47:50,390 No Jay Treaty! 733 00:47:54,333 --> 00:47:56,358 The hellhounds are in full cry. 734 00:47:56,401 --> 00:47:58,801 They say I have sold this country 735 00:47:58,837 --> 00:48:00,600 to England, 736 00:48:00,639 --> 00:48:04,405 that I have sided with a mad English king over the French republic. 737 00:48:08,080 --> 00:48:10,048 Slanders and libels, 738 00:48:10,082 --> 00:48:13,609 mobs, seditions, 739 00:48:13,652 --> 00:48:17,019 and then the hissing snakes, the burning torches 740 00:48:17,055 --> 00:48:19,114 and haggard horrors of civil war. 741 00:48:20,859 --> 00:48:22,884 My desk overflows 742 00:48:22,928 --> 00:48:26,091 with memorials and petitions, 743 00:48:26,131 --> 00:48:28,599 with addresses, resolutions, remonstrances 744 00:48:28,633 --> 00:48:29,998 from every corner of the country, 745 00:48:30,035 --> 00:48:33,368 all urging me to refuse my signature, 746 00:48:33,405 --> 00:48:36,203 declaring I'm a traitor because I've sided 747 00:48:36,241 --> 00:48:37,708 with a mad English king 748 00:48:37,743 --> 00:48:40,109 over the French republic. 749 00:48:40,145 --> 00:48:42,841 Chief Justice Jay informs me 750 00:48:42,881 --> 00:48:46,476 that he could steer a course from one end of the country 751 00:48:46,518 --> 00:48:50,147 to the other by the light of his own burning effigies. 752 00:48:50,188 --> 00:48:51,883 I do not approve 753 00:48:51,923 --> 00:48:54,483 of everything in that treaty, 754 00:48:54,526 --> 00:48:58,656 but at least it keeps us out of their blasted war. 755 00:49:06,371 --> 00:49:09,602 I know what it is to be unpopular, 756 00:49:09,641 --> 00:49:11,370 Mr. Adams. 757 00:49:11,410 --> 00:49:14,709 I am weary of the task. 758 00:49:16,381 --> 00:49:19,373 Most weary. 759 00:49:29,995 --> 00:49:33,863 To relinquish the presidency after two terms 760 00:49:33,899 --> 00:49:37,062 when he could've served for the rest of his life... 761 00:49:40,472 --> 00:49:43,373 George Washington is an extraordinary man. 762 00:49:46,378 --> 00:49:49,404 I am heir apparent, you know. 763 00:49:55,787 --> 00:49:58,051 Whoever follows General Washington 764 00:49:58,090 --> 00:50:00,320 inherits a devilish load. 765 00:50:04,229 --> 00:50:06,356 I'm not afraid of that. 766 00:50:08,834 --> 00:50:10,927 I'm not. 767 00:50:12,904 --> 00:50:14,394 Will Thomas oppose you? 768 00:50:17,109 --> 00:50:19,100 Yes. 769 00:50:22,848 --> 00:50:26,579 Thomas thinks that in his retirement 770 00:50:26,618 --> 00:50:29,086 he will get the reputation of a humble man 771 00:50:29,121 --> 00:50:30,884 without ambition or vanity. 772 00:50:30,922 --> 00:50:34,449 He may even have deceived himself into that belief, 773 00:50:34,493 --> 00:50:37,485 but now that the prospect 774 00:50:37,529 --> 00:50:39,793 is open to him, 775 00:50:39,831 --> 00:50:42,959 the world will find that he is as ambitious 776 00:50:43,001 --> 00:50:44,935 as any man. 777 00:50:53,545 --> 00:50:56,275 These are now to be found 778 00:50:56,314 --> 00:50:58,441 in every state. 779 00:51:02,187 --> 00:51:05,384 Thomas Jefferson is a firm Republican 780 00:51:05,423 --> 00:51:08,483 where as you are... 781 00:51:10,529 --> 00:51:12,690 It's the same old charge... 782 00:51:12,731 --> 00:51:14,221 monarchist. 783 00:51:14,266 --> 00:51:16,325 We may expect the south and west 784 00:51:16,368 --> 00:51:18,632 to be firmly in Mr. Jefferson's camp. 785 00:51:18,670 --> 00:51:20,331 New England will stay true 786 00:51:20,372 --> 00:51:22,670 but there is uncertainty 787 00:51:22,707 --> 00:51:25,175 in New York, Pennsylvania 788 00:51:25,210 --> 00:51:27,041 and South Carolina. 789 00:51:27,078 --> 00:51:29,273 It's always those three... 790 00:51:29,314 --> 00:51:33,216 New York, Pennsylvania and South Carolina. 791 00:51:33,251 --> 00:51:35,344 They're rather fickle, those three. 792 00:51:35,387 --> 00:51:37,947 That is not the worst of it. 793 00:51:37,989 --> 00:51:39,513 Hmm? 794 00:51:39,558 --> 00:51:42,527 The electors are being encouraged to show support for 795 00:51:42,561 --> 00:51:45,428 another candidate... 796 00:51:45,463 --> 00:51:48,523 Thomas Pinckney of South Carolina. 797 00:51:50,669 --> 00:51:54,628 Thomas Pinckney? 798 00:51:56,174 --> 00:51:58,039 Oh. 799 00:51:59,678 --> 00:52:02,772 There can be no comparison in experience 800 00:52:02,814 --> 00:52:05,078 or sacrifice to the government between me and him. 801 00:52:07,452 --> 00:52:09,920 Whether I shall have anything more to do with the government 802 00:52:09,955 --> 00:52:13,220 besides praying for it, I do not know. Pinckney. 803 00:52:16,194 --> 00:52:19,391 Mr. Hamilton has been 804 00:52:19,431 --> 00:52:23,162 rather outspoken in his praise of Mr. Pinckney. 805 00:52:23,201 --> 00:52:26,932 It is said he fears that you will be unable to better Mr. Jefferson; 806 00:52:26,972 --> 00:52:30,999 That what matters is not your own election, 807 00:52:31,042 --> 00:52:32,839 but that Mr. Jefferson be 808 00:52:32,877 --> 00:52:35,607 defeated at all costs. 809 00:52:43,521 --> 00:52:45,921 So it was Hamilton... 810 00:52:47,959 --> 00:52:51,793 who intrigued against me in the first election. 811 00:52:51,830 --> 00:52:54,628 So it appears. 812 00:53:03,642 --> 00:53:06,076 I have no stomach for cards. 813 00:53:06,111 --> 00:53:08,102 No. 814 00:53:16,021 --> 00:53:17,784 I have just been handed 815 00:53:17,822 --> 00:53:21,451 the final tabulations of the Electoral College... 816 00:53:24,396 --> 00:53:26,455 which I will now read to you. 817 00:53:45,050 --> 00:53:48,645 For Aaron Burr... 30 votes. 818 00:53:48,687 --> 00:53:50,678 For Thomas Pinckney... 819 00:53:52,757 --> 00:53:55,225 59 votes. 820 00:53:55,260 --> 00:53:58,320 For Thomas Jefferson... 68 votes. 821 00:54:00,732 --> 00:54:02,723 For John Adams... 822 00:54:04,703 --> 00:54:07,001 71 votes. 823 00:54:39,070 --> 00:54:41,664 Mr. President. 824 00:54:43,141 --> 00:54:46,838 I, John Adams, solemnly swear 825 00:54:46,878 --> 00:54:49,073 that I will faithfully execute the office 826 00:54:49,114 --> 00:54:51,207 of President of the United States... 827 00:54:52,951 --> 00:54:55,317 and will, to the best of my ability, 828 00:54:55,353 --> 00:54:59,289 preserve, protect and defend the Constitution 829 00:54:59,324 --> 00:55:01,758 of the United States... 830 00:55:03,261 --> 00:55:05,422 so help me God. 831 00:55:15,106 --> 00:55:17,040 Mr. President, 832 00:55:17,075 --> 00:55:18,975 Mr. Vice President... 833 00:55:23,448 --> 00:55:25,439 gentlemen of the congress... 834 00:55:28,019 --> 00:55:30,044 employed in the service 835 00:55:30,088 --> 00:55:33,615 of my country abroad, 836 00:55:33,658 --> 00:55:35,626 I first saw the Constitution 837 00:55:35,660 --> 00:55:39,027 of the United States in a foreign country. 838 00:55:42,033 --> 00:55:45,594 I read it with great satisfaction 839 00:55:45,637 --> 00:55:47,468 as a result of good heads 840 00:55:47,505 --> 00:55:50,531 prompted by good hearts... 841 00:55:52,844 --> 00:55:55,711 as an experiment better suited to the genius, 842 00:55:55,747 --> 00:55:59,205 character and situation of this country 843 00:55:59,250 --> 00:56:03,186 than any which had ever been suggested or proposed. 844 00:56:04,622 --> 00:56:08,353 What other form of government, indeed... 845 00:56:09,427 --> 00:56:11,486 can so well deserve 846 00:56:11,529 --> 00:56:13,963 our esteem and love? 847 00:56:13,998 --> 00:56:17,365 A government in which the executive, 848 00:56:17,402 --> 00:56:20,599 as well as all the other branches of the legislature, 849 00:56:20,638 --> 00:56:23,129 are exercised by citizens 850 00:56:23,174 --> 00:56:26,735 selected at regular periods by their neighbors 851 00:56:26,778 --> 00:56:29,042 to make and execute laws 852 00:56:29,080 --> 00:56:31,105 for the general good. 853 00:56:31,149 --> 00:56:32,616 Is authority, 854 00:56:32,650 --> 00:56:34,618 when it springs 855 00:56:34,652 --> 00:56:37,678 from accidents and institutions 856 00:56:37,722 --> 00:56:40,213 established in remote antiquity, 857 00:56:40,258 --> 00:56:42,192 more amiable or respectable 858 00:56:42,227 --> 00:56:45,788 than when it springs fresh from the hearts and judgments 859 00:56:45,830 --> 00:56:48,230 of an honest and enlightened people? 860 00:56:50,201 --> 00:56:52,863 For eight years 861 00:56:52,904 --> 00:56:56,032 we have been under the administration of a citizen 862 00:56:56,074 --> 00:56:59,271 who, through a long course of great actions... 863 00:57:00,678 --> 00:57:03,841 regulated by prudence, 864 00:57:03,882 --> 00:57:07,648 justice, temperance and fortitude, 865 00:57:07,685 --> 00:57:10,677 merited the full gratitude 866 00:57:10,722 --> 00:57:13,088 of all his fellow citizens. 867 00:57:13,124 --> 00:57:16,525 May the name of Washington be a rampart 868 00:57:16,561 --> 00:57:20,497 and the knowledge that he lives a bulwark 869 00:57:20,532 --> 00:57:22,727 against all open or secret enemies 870 00:57:22,767 --> 00:57:24,325 of his country's peace. 871 00:57:47,926 --> 00:57:50,554 With this great example before me... 872 00:57:52,130 --> 00:57:55,429 and with the faith and honor of the American people... 873 00:57:57,969 --> 00:58:00,733 upon which I have so often 874 00:58:00,772 --> 00:58:04,230 hazarded my all 875 00:58:04,275 --> 00:58:07,938 and never been deceived, 876 00:58:07,979 --> 00:58:11,471 I make you the following solemn promises: 877 00:58:13,785 --> 00:58:16,185 To do justice at all times 878 00:58:16,220 --> 00:58:19,246 and to all nations; 879 00:58:19,290 --> 00:58:21,781 to maintain peace, 880 00:58:21,826 --> 00:58:24,818 brotherhood and benevolence with all the world; 881 00:58:24,862 --> 00:58:28,628 and to lay myself under the most solemn obligations 882 00:58:28,666 --> 00:58:33,103 to uphold the Constitution of the United States 883 00:58:33,137 --> 00:58:35,332 to the utmost of my power. 884 00:58:51,689 --> 00:58:53,782 - Mr. President. - Mr. Vice President, 885 00:58:53,825 --> 00:58:55,554 I thank you very much, sir. 886 00:58:55,593 --> 00:58:58,756 Titles have cost me troubles enough. 887 00:58:58,796 --> 00:59:02,129 Let's just make it plain John as it was in Paris, yes? 888 00:59:08,306 --> 00:59:09,898 Mr. President. 889 00:59:09,941 --> 00:59:11,408 Mr. President. 890 00:59:11,442 --> 00:59:13,603 Thank you, sir. Thank you. 891 00:59:13,645 --> 00:59:15,943 I am fairly out 892 00:59:15,980 --> 00:59:19,279 and you are fairly in. 893 00:59:19,317 --> 00:59:22,480 See which of us will be the happiest. 894 00:59:38,269 --> 00:59:39,827 The staff had quite the jubilee 895 00:59:39,871 --> 00:59:42,840 when the general took his leave, sir. 896 00:59:42,874 --> 00:59:45,001 The crockery, the furniture, 897 00:59:45,043 --> 00:59:47,671 curtains and carpets all gone. 898 00:59:47,712 --> 00:59:50,044 Even the bed linens, sir. 899 00:59:50,081 --> 00:59:52,845 The lot of it. They took all of it. 900 00:59:52,884 --> 00:59:55,785 Sorry, sir, 901 00:59:55,820 --> 00:59:58,311 Ma'am. 902 00:59:58,356 --> 01:00:00,551 Deplorable. 903 01:00:26,284 --> 01:00:28,275 I hate speeches. 904 01:00:30,755 --> 01:00:33,383 I hate to talk to 1,000 people 905 01:00:33,424 --> 01:00:35,984 to whom I have nothing to say. 906 01:00:36,027 --> 01:00:38,791 And yet, all that you can do... 907 01:00:42,667 --> 01:00:44,635 and have done. 908 01:00:44,669 --> 01:00:48,002 Oh, the decays of nature. 909 01:00:51,342 --> 01:00:54,277 Painful for an old man to acknowledge them. 910 01:00:54,312 --> 01:00:57,110 Then you must count other blessings: 911 01:00:59,183 --> 01:01:01,117 Two sons 912 01:01:01,152 --> 01:01:03,120 embarked on a diplomatic career; 913 01:01:03,154 --> 01:01:05,213 Another at the bar; 914 01:01:05,256 --> 01:01:08,089 A daughter 915 01:01:08,126 --> 01:01:10,594 who has given you a beautiful grandchild; 916 01:01:12,730 --> 01:01:15,255 And a most patient wife. 917 01:01:48,199 --> 01:01:51,600 Promise not to expose these croakings and groanings. 918 01:01:53,404 --> 01:01:55,372 Really, John, 919 01:01:55,406 --> 01:01:57,067 such shenanigans 920 01:01:57,108 --> 01:02:00,077 from a man of 60. 921 01:02:01,946 --> 01:02:04,813 And the president at that. 922 01:02:11,155 --> 01:02:13,146 Up, John. 923 01:02:14,325 --> 01:02:16,293 John. 924 01:02:16,327 --> 01:02:17,988 Yes? 925 01:02:18,996 --> 01:02:20,987 Up. 68014

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