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FLIGHT ATTENDANT (ON INTERCOM):
Ladies and gentlemen,
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we are starting our approach.
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MAN: We lost both engines.
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[radio chatter]
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00:00:11,378 --> 00:00:11,911
MAN: Mayday.
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Mayday.
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FLIGHT ATTENDANT:
Brace for impact!
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MAN: He's gonna crash!
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[ominous music]
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NARRATOR: On the night of
the 24th of August 2001,
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a fully loaded Airbus A330
with 306 people on board
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ran out of fuel midway
over the Atlantic.
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[beeping]
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00:00:50,417 --> 00:00:53,386
How could a state of the
art computerized airliner
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suffer such a
catastrophic failure?
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Mayday.
Mayday.
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00:00:57,657 --> 00:00:58,858
Mayday.
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We have lost both engines
due to fuel starvation.
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We are gliding now.
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00:01:02,028 --> 00:01:03,229
Wow.
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00:01:03,229 --> 00:01:05,064
We're now at 30,000 feet,
at the rate of descent
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of 2,000 feet per minute.
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We have to ditch in the water.
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I need you to put on your
life jackets right now.
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It doesn't work!
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NARRATOR: This program
investigates what happened
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to Air Transat Flight 236.
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This is it.
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This is-- it's over.
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We're just gonna die in
the next 5 to 10 minutes.
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And the speed's increasing.
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203 knots now.
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It's way too fast.
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Everybody, I
need you to brace.
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Oh, my god!
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[screaming]
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NARRATOR: August
23, 2001, Toronto
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International Airport is busy.
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Air Transat is a
charter company that
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has grown rapidly to
become one of the largest
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airlines in Canada.
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Midsummer brings fewer
business travelers
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and a holiday atmosphere.
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Air Transat Flight 236
is bound for Lisbon.
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Most of the passengers
are Canadians
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visiting Europe or Portuguese
immigrants heading home.
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ROBERT PICHE: Ready
for the checklist?
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NARRATOR: The plane, a
twin engine Airbus A330,
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is being flown by
a young co-pilot,
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Dirk DeJager, and an experienced
captain, Robert Piché.
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YVAN-MIVILLE DES CHENES:
Captain Robert Piché is
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somewhat out of the ordinary.
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Captain Piché, from the
moment he gets his wing,
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he gets to learn how to fly
in the north of the province
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of Quebec, where the conditions
occasionally are very severe.
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NARRATOR: The flight deck
of the A330 is ultra modern.
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Banks of computers
connected to over 100
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00:02:54,974 --> 00:02:57,343
onboard sensors
constantly monitor
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the operation of the plane.
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This program reveals
how serious problems
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can arise when the pilots begin
to distrust the computers.
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Before departure, the
computers give no indication of
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any problems with the Airbus.
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MAN (ON RADIO): 236 Heavy,
follow A320 Air Canada.
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Turn left on Romeo and
hold short on 24 Right.
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Roger.
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Follow A320 Air
Canada, left on Romeo,
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and hold short of 24 Right.
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NARRATOR: With
the crew of seven,
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flight 236 has 306
people on board.
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[chatter]
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JOHN BALJKAS: Well, we
were married for four days,
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wasn't it?
MARGARET MCKINNON: Four days.
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JOHN BALJKAS: Four days?
- Four days.
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So we had planned to go to
Portugal for our honeymoon.
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And we had booked this
flight on Air Transat,
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and rather quickly.
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Because we hadn't
really planned what
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we were going to
do very carefully.
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00:03:51,664 --> 00:03:52,899
So this was the
last flight left.
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[chatter]
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00:04:01,507 --> 00:04:04,911
Well, I boarded on
this flight to go on a 2
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00:04:04,911 --> 00:04:06,846
and a half week vacation with--
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with a friend of mine.
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00:04:08,648 --> 00:04:13,186
Obviously, I was very
excited spending 2 and a half
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weeks on the coast of Portugal.
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Very excited feeling.
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MAN (ON RADIO): Transat 236
Heavy, cleared for takeoff.
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00:04:21,694 --> 00:04:24,464
240 at 8, cleared for takeoff.
90
00:04:24,464 --> 00:04:27,133
24 Right, Transat 236 Heavy.
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00:04:27,133 --> 00:04:28,768
NARRATOR: At 20
minutes past 8:00,
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00:04:28,768 --> 00:04:32,905
the Airbus A330, loaded
with over 47 tons of fuel,
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leaves Toronto for Lisbon.
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V1.
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Rotate.
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NARRATOR: The weather forecast
for the Atlantic crossing
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is good.
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00:04:51,290 --> 00:04:53,292
Everything runs smoothly
on the flight deck
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00:04:53,292 --> 00:04:57,330
apart from a small
adjustment to the route.
100
00:04:57,330 --> 00:04:59,932
To avoid congestion,
air traffic control
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00:04:59,932 --> 00:05:03,169
directs the flight 60 miles
south of its original route.
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00:05:03,169 --> 00:05:06,673
It's a minor alteration, but
will later play a crucial role.
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The passengers settle down
for the long crossing.
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00:05:18,985 --> 00:05:22,588
The reason for our trip to
Portugal was a family trip.
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We were going to a wedding.
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00:05:24,223 --> 00:05:26,893
Otherwise, we would not
have gone this year.
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00:05:26,893 --> 00:05:29,529
So instead of just going
for four days for a wedding,
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00:05:29,529 --> 00:05:33,032
we decided to stay for
two weeks and throw
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00:05:33,032 --> 00:05:37,937
the wedding in as a kind of
family perk, and see everybody.
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00:05:40,807 --> 00:05:42,542
MARGARET MCKINNON: Everything
appeared quite normal.
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00:05:42,542 --> 00:05:44,677
And, in fact, I had
traveled on Air Transat
112
00:05:44,677 --> 00:05:47,213
previously and found
it not to be very good,
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00:05:47,213 --> 00:05:49,982
and was surprised by the
quality of the flight,
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00:05:49,982 --> 00:05:53,286
that it was on time,
the plane was newer.
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00:05:53,286 --> 00:05:54,987
And we thought generally
it was much better than we
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00:05:54,987 --> 00:05:58,224
had expected it would be.
117
00:05:58,224 --> 00:06:01,194
We're getting to
our next checkpoint.
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00:06:01,194 --> 00:06:03,863
NARRATOR: Every 30 minutes
across the Atlantic, the crew
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00:06:03,863 --> 00:06:06,099
checks their position and
their fuel consumption
120
00:06:06,099 --> 00:06:07,366
against their flight plan.
121
00:06:07,366 --> 00:06:10,136
11.2 tons on the right.
122
00:06:10,136 --> 00:06:11,804
11.2 tons on the left.
123
00:06:11,804 --> 00:06:14,040
NARRATOR: Despite the
computerized systems,
124
00:06:14,040 --> 00:06:17,043
some procedures like checking
the fuel on board still
125
00:06:17,043 --> 00:06:18,344
need to be done by hand.
126
00:06:18,344 --> 00:06:20,847
5.2 tons.
127
00:06:20,847 --> 00:06:23,649
NARRATOR: By comparing the
amount of fuel in the tanks
128
00:06:23,649 --> 00:06:25,551
with the amount the
flight started with,
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00:06:25,551 --> 00:06:28,721
the pilots can keep an eye
on the fuel consumption.
130
00:06:28,721 --> 00:06:30,156
Fuel check, complete.
131
00:06:30,156 --> 00:06:32,158
Levels normal for
the distance flown.
132
00:06:32,158 --> 00:06:35,261
All right.
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00:06:35,261 --> 00:06:38,464
NARRATOR: For the first five
hours, everything is routine.
134
00:06:41,134 --> 00:06:45,037
The flight crew, Air Transat,
and the accident investigators
135
00:06:45,037 --> 00:06:46,773
have all declined
to be interviewed
136
00:06:46,773 --> 00:06:49,909
about what happened next.
137
00:06:49,909 --> 00:06:52,879
This program uses known
facts about the flight,
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00:06:52,879 --> 00:06:56,115
standard emergency
procedures, and expert opinion
139
00:06:56,115 --> 00:07:00,219
to reconstruct what took
place on Flight 236.
140
00:07:00,219 --> 00:07:01,721
[beep]
141
00:07:03,656 --> 00:07:07,527
ROBERT PICHE: Look, we're
getting a warning signal.
142
00:07:07,527 --> 00:07:10,229
Oil temp low and oil
pressure high on number two.
143
00:07:12,799 --> 00:07:16,602
NARRATOR: This warning is
the first step in the crisis.
144
00:07:16,602 --> 00:07:17,770
DIRK DEJAGER: Oil
pressure is when
145
00:07:17,770 --> 00:07:21,007
the normal limits on
number one, and number two
146
00:07:21,007 --> 00:07:22,575
is slightly high.
147
00:07:22,575 --> 00:07:25,011
NARRATOR: The computer
display reveals that the oil
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00:07:25,011 --> 00:07:28,080
temperature is low
in engine number two,
149
00:07:28,080 --> 00:07:30,416
but the oil pressure is high.
150
00:07:30,416 --> 00:07:33,319
It was a very unusual reading.
151
00:07:33,319 --> 00:07:35,288
The pilots are puzzled.
152
00:07:35,288 --> 00:07:36,355
I can't see anything here.
153
00:07:36,355 --> 00:07:37,190
Hmm.
154
00:07:37,190 --> 00:07:38,024
I'll look in the F-Com.
155
00:07:38,024 --> 00:07:38,991
OK.
156
00:07:38,991 --> 00:07:40,326
DAVID LYNCH: A low
oil temperature
157
00:07:40,326 --> 00:07:44,831
indication is normally
indicative of bad readings
158
00:07:44,831 --> 00:07:46,465
and bad sensor.
159
00:07:46,465 --> 00:07:48,901
Oil temperatures don't
decrease normally.
160
00:07:48,901 --> 00:07:50,036
They increase.
161
00:07:50,036 --> 00:07:53,039
A low oil temperature
would be of no concern.
162
00:07:53,039 --> 00:07:55,741
The high oil pressure is--
163
00:07:55,741 --> 00:07:58,711
is a very strange indication.
164
00:07:58,711 --> 00:07:59,812
It's very rare.
165
00:07:59,812 --> 00:08:01,514
In fact, I've never
actually heard of one.
166
00:08:01,514 --> 00:08:05,484
It's only indicative
of the contamination
167
00:08:05,484 --> 00:08:08,621
normally of the oil with fuel.
168
00:08:08,621 --> 00:08:12,225
That's not something that's
explained in the manuals.
169
00:08:12,225 --> 00:08:13,526
Call the company.
170
00:08:13,526 --> 00:08:16,128
NARRATOR: The crew
contacts Air Transat's
171
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maintenance group in Montreal.
172
00:08:17,930 --> 00:08:21,901
Transat 236 to
Mirabel Operations.
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00:08:21,901 --> 00:08:24,337
MAN (ON RADIO):
Maribel, Transat 236.
174
00:08:24,337 --> 00:08:25,137
Hi.
175
00:08:25,137 --> 00:08:25,938
DIRK DEJAGER: Hi.
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00:08:25,938 --> 00:08:27,039
We have a little problem.
177
00:08:27,039 --> 00:08:28,708
We're getting the
warning oil temp
178
00:08:28,708 --> 00:08:32,044
low and oil pressure high on
the E-cam for engine number two.
179
00:08:32,044 --> 00:08:34,046
There's nothing in
the QRH nor the F-Com.
180
00:08:34,046 --> 00:08:35,147
Can you help us out?
181
00:08:35,147 --> 00:08:36,415
MAN (ON RADIO): I'm
looking in the manual.
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00:08:36,415 --> 00:08:38,651
NARRATOR: The ground crew
has no immediate solution.
183
00:08:38,651 --> 00:08:41,654
The pilots must work
it out for themselves.
184
00:08:41,654 --> 00:08:42,989
DAVID LYNCH: They
may have been given
185
00:08:42,989 --> 00:08:50,162
some advice on troubleshooting,
to see if that would help.
186
00:08:50,162 --> 00:08:51,998
But ultimately, you
know, the pilots
187
00:08:51,998 --> 00:08:53,399
are up there on their own.
188
00:08:53,399 --> 00:08:56,235
You know, they can get advice
from somebody 2,500 miles away,
189
00:08:56,235 --> 00:08:58,704
but they can't really
fix the problems.
190
00:08:58,704 --> 00:09:00,840
MAN (ON RADIO): I suggest you
keep monitoring your oil levels
191
00:09:00,840 --> 00:09:02,775
and see what happens.
192
00:09:02,775 --> 00:09:05,444
NARRATOR: Because the oil
readings are so unusual,
193
00:09:05,444 --> 00:09:08,948
the pilots believe they may
indicate a computer error.
194
00:09:08,948 --> 00:09:11,183
The crew keeps monitoring
the oil levels.
195
00:09:13,786 --> 00:09:17,089
Air Transat 236
continues on track.
196
00:09:17,089 --> 00:09:20,526
[ominous music]
197
00:09:27,800 --> 00:09:32,138
Then, 20 minutes
later, a new warning.
198
00:09:32,138 --> 00:09:34,840
Fuel imbalance warning.
199
00:09:34,840 --> 00:09:37,109
I haven't seen that before.
200
00:09:37,109 --> 00:09:38,945
Follow all E-cam action.
201
00:09:38,945 --> 00:09:41,547
I'll have air traffic control.
202
00:09:41,547 --> 00:09:44,550
NARRATOR: In the Airbus
330, most of the fuel
203
00:09:44,550 --> 00:09:46,986
is in large tanks in the wings.
204
00:09:46,986 --> 00:09:49,455
The computer has now
detected that the fuel
205
00:09:49,455 --> 00:09:51,390
level on the right
is significantly
206
00:09:51,390 --> 00:09:53,960
lower than the left.
207
00:09:53,960 --> 00:09:56,362
The crew consults the
Airbus flight manual,
208
00:09:56,362 --> 00:09:58,230
which recommends
they transfer fuel
209
00:09:58,230 --> 00:10:01,233
through a special
cross feed valve.
210
00:10:01,233 --> 00:10:03,903
Fuel will then flow from
one tank to the other.
211
00:10:07,406 --> 00:10:09,342
But before opening
the cross feed,
212
00:10:09,342 --> 00:10:11,644
the pilots must be
sure that the imbalance
213
00:10:11,644 --> 00:10:17,450
is not caused by a more serious
problem, such as a fuel leak.
214
00:10:17,450 --> 00:10:22,188
Last fuel check was only
15 minutes ago and it was OK.
215
00:10:22,188 --> 00:10:24,290
No indication of a fuel leak.
216
00:10:24,290 --> 00:10:26,125
Keep going.
217
00:10:26,125 --> 00:10:29,628
Wing cross feed on.
218
00:10:29,628 --> 00:10:30,463
On.
219
00:10:36,535 --> 00:10:39,939
Once you begin a cross
feeding procedure to correct
220
00:10:39,939 --> 00:10:45,578
a fuel imbalance,
restorative action
221
00:10:45,578 --> 00:10:48,647
should commence quite quickly.
222
00:10:48,647 --> 00:10:50,082
In other words,
the situation would
223
00:10:50,082 --> 00:10:53,252
not continue to get worse.
224
00:10:53,252 --> 00:10:58,457
It would either stabilize
immediately and then begin to--
225
00:10:58,457 --> 00:11:00,026
to correct itself.
226
00:11:00,026 --> 00:11:03,029
NARRATOR: But the situation
is not correcting itself.
227
00:11:03,029 --> 00:11:05,731
Unknown to the pilots,
there is a major fuel
228
00:11:05,731 --> 00:11:07,933
leak in the number two
engine on the right hand
229
00:11:07,933 --> 00:11:09,101
side of the plane.
230
00:11:09,101 --> 00:11:12,071
[engine roaring]
231
00:11:12,071 --> 00:11:15,608
[fuel gushing]
232
00:11:25,084 --> 00:11:29,321
Flight 236 is in the
mid-Atlantic, almost 190
233
00:11:29,321 --> 00:11:30,756
miles from the nearest land.
234
00:11:38,131 --> 00:11:42,235
miles from the nearest
land, Air Transat Flight 236
235
00:11:42,235 --> 00:11:43,570
is in trouble.
236
00:11:43,570 --> 00:11:47,140
Unknown to the pilots, the
right engine is leaking fuel.
237
00:11:47,140 --> 00:11:50,610
The plane's computer system has
put up a series of warnings.
238
00:11:50,610 --> 00:11:53,213
But the pilots believe
these are computer errors.
239
00:11:53,213 --> 00:11:54,781
You ever seen something
like this before?
240
00:11:54,781 --> 00:11:56,817
Nope.
241
00:11:56,817 --> 00:11:58,185
Never.
242
00:11:58,185 --> 00:11:59,286
Doesn't make any sense.
243
00:11:59,286 --> 00:12:00,353
Yeah.
244
00:12:00,353 --> 00:12:01,521
Even if there is a
leak, it doesn't explain
245
00:12:01,521 --> 00:12:03,390
the alarms on the oil system.
246
00:12:03,390 --> 00:12:07,294
And everything was OK at the
last fuel check at 30 West.
247
00:12:07,294 --> 00:12:08,428
Yeah.
248
00:12:08,428 --> 00:12:11,331
I bet you it's a
computer problem.
249
00:12:11,331 --> 00:12:12,599
NARRATOR: The task
of finding out
250
00:12:12,599 --> 00:12:15,502
if there is a fuel leak is
made harder by the design
251
00:12:15,502 --> 00:12:17,237
of the Airbus systems.
252
00:12:17,237 --> 00:12:21,408
The systems monitor hundreds
and hundreds of sensors.
253
00:12:21,408 --> 00:12:26,213
And, you know, they can
be affected by, you know,
254
00:12:26,213 --> 00:12:30,217
such mundane things as a little
bit of frost or ice on a sensor
255
00:12:30,217 --> 00:12:31,251
can--
256
00:12:31,251 --> 00:12:34,654
can-- can cause it
to present bad data.
257
00:12:34,654 --> 00:12:36,923
So it's-- you know, it's
not something that would
258
00:12:36,923 --> 00:12:39,025
occur on every single flight.
259
00:12:39,025 --> 00:12:40,894
But it's something that we're--
260
00:12:40,894 --> 00:12:42,529
we're quite used
to dealing with.
261
00:12:42,529 --> 00:12:44,064
NARRATOR: There is
no Warning to show
262
00:12:44,064 --> 00:12:46,900
that the fuel level is falling
faster than the engines are
263
00:12:46,900 --> 00:12:48,368
consuming it.
264
00:12:48,368 --> 00:12:51,238
So the pilots receive no
immediate indication that there
265
00:12:51,238 --> 00:12:53,440
could be a fuel leak.
266
00:12:53,440 --> 00:12:56,543
The fuel quantity isn't rising
in the tanks of the right wing.
267
00:12:56,543 --> 00:12:57,677
Check fuel quantity.
268
00:12:57,677 --> 00:12:58,478
It looks very low.
269
00:12:58,478 --> 00:12:59,880
Hold on.
270
00:12:59,880 --> 00:13:03,350
NARRATOR: When co-pilot DeJager
carries out the calculations,
271
00:13:03,350 --> 00:13:06,219
he discovers there is
something seriously wrong.
272
00:13:06,219 --> 00:13:07,721
There's much less fuel
than we should have.
273
00:13:07,721 --> 00:13:08,755
It looks like a fuel leak.
274
00:13:12,058 --> 00:13:13,260
Check again.
275
00:13:13,260 --> 00:13:15,829
[ominous music]
276
00:13:16,930 --> 00:13:19,799
NARRATOR: DeJager finds
a disturbing difference.
277
00:13:19,799 --> 00:13:22,402
According to all the gauges,
all the tanks in the right wing
278
00:13:22,402 --> 00:13:23,937
are way below the
level they should be
279
00:13:23,937 --> 00:13:25,438
according to the flight plan.
280
00:13:25,438 --> 00:13:28,842
And it's hardly anything
in the other ones.
281
00:13:28,842 --> 00:13:30,010
What about the trim tank?
282
00:13:30,010 --> 00:13:31,077
There's nothing there either.
283
00:13:31,077 --> 00:13:33,747
[ominous music]
284
00:13:34,514 --> 00:13:37,484
[phone alerting]
285
00:13:38,919 --> 00:13:40,053
- Yes?
- Hello.
286
00:13:40,053 --> 00:13:41,087
First Officer here.
287
00:13:41,087 --> 00:13:42,322
Can you come to the
cockpit, please?
288
00:13:42,322 --> 00:13:43,156
Sure.
289
00:13:47,961 --> 00:13:50,497
NARRATOR: Although Captain Piché
believes he is dealing with
290
00:13:50,497 --> 00:13:53,633
a computer problem, he
nevertheless decides to ask
291
00:13:53,633 --> 00:13:56,303
for a visual check
just in case to see
292
00:13:56,303 --> 00:13:58,872
if it could be a fuel leak.
293
00:13:58,872 --> 00:13:59,873
Captain?
294
00:13:59,873 --> 00:14:01,308
Hi.
295
00:14:01,308 --> 00:14:04,210
Can you and Karen
take some flashlights
296
00:14:04,210 --> 00:14:05,679
and go to the windows?
297
00:14:05,679 --> 00:14:08,648
If you can see anything
trailing back from the wings,
298
00:14:08,648 --> 00:14:10,951
it'll look like a
mist or a stream.
299
00:14:10,951 --> 00:14:12,352
And report back immediately.
300
00:14:12,352 --> 00:14:13,186
OK.
301
00:14:15,789 --> 00:14:19,926
Dirk, I want you to do an auto
complete fuel check, please.
302
00:14:19,926 --> 00:14:23,430
[ominous music]
303
00:14:29,869 --> 00:14:30,971
I'm so sorry.
304
00:14:30,971 --> 00:14:33,073
NARRATOR: In daylight,
the fuel pouring
305
00:14:33,073 --> 00:14:36,142
out the back of the wing would
have been clearly visible.
306
00:14:36,142 --> 00:14:39,312
But in the dead of night,
even with a flashlight,
307
00:14:39,312 --> 00:14:42,615
the fuel leaking from the
engine is impossible to see.
308
00:14:42,615 --> 00:14:45,952
[suspenseful music]
309
00:14:51,157 --> 00:14:53,626
The crew realize that
the situation is not
310
00:14:53,626 --> 00:14:56,563
improving, and discuss what
their next course of action
311
00:14:56,563 --> 00:14:58,832
should be.
312
00:14:58,832 --> 00:15:02,769
If the computer is correct,
then, with the amount of fuel
313
00:15:02,769 --> 00:15:04,904
remaining the Airbus
will no longer
314
00:15:04,904 --> 00:15:06,740
be able to make it to Lisbon.
315
00:15:06,740 --> 00:15:10,610
Captain Piché is forced to
make a crucial decision.
316
00:15:10,610 --> 00:15:11,978
Get onto Oceanic Control.
317
00:15:11,978 --> 00:15:12,979
Where's the nearest airfield?
318
00:15:15,648 --> 00:15:17,784
Transat 236 Heavy,
Santa Maria Control.
319
00:15:17,784 --> 00:15:19,285
Can you advise nearest airfield?
320
00:15:19,285 --> 00:15:20,754
We have a possible fuel problem.
321
00:15:27,727 --> 00:15:30,930
NARRATOR: The nearest runway
is over 190 miles away.
322
00:15:30,930 --> 00:15:34,067
But with the fuel remaining,
Lajes military air base
323
00:15:34,067 --> 00:15:36,636
on the tiny island of
Terceira in the Azores
324
00:15:36,636 --> 00:15:38,571
should be within reach.
325
00:15:38,571 --> 00:15:43,009
Flight 236 continues flying
sough for the next 25 minutes.
326
00:15:43,009 --> 00:15:45,245
Everything in the
cabin seems normal.
327
00:15:45,245 --> 00:15:48,515
But in the cockpit, the fuel
readings are getting worse.
328
00:15:48,515 --> 00:15:49,682
Must be the computer.
329
00:15:49,682 --> 00:15:50,784
I've checked.
330
00:15:50,784 --> 00:15:52,819
There's nothing in the
trim or center tank.
331
00:15:52,819 --> 00:15:54,554
And the gauges show
only 7 and a half--
332
00:15:54,554 --> 00:15:55,855
NARRATOR: According
to the fuel gauges,
333
00:15:55,855 --> 00:15:59,025
the plane is using fuel
much faster than normal.
334
00:15:59,025 --> 00:16:01,294
Whether they believe
the gauges or not,
335
00:16:01,294 --> 00:16:03,063
the captain has no choice.
336
00:16:03,063 --> 00:16:05,432
He must warn air
traffic control.
337
00:16:05,432 --> 00:16:07,767
We have to declare
a fuel emergency.
338
00:16:10,670 --> 00:16:14,941
Transat 236 Heavy,
Santa Maria Control.
339
00:16:14,941 --> 00:16:18,078
MAN (ON RADIO): Santa Maria
control, Transat 236 Heavy.
340
00:16:18,078 --> 00:16:19,846
Go ahead.
341
00:16:19,846 --> 00:16:23,483
Transat 236 Heavy
declaring fuel emergency.
342
00:16:33,827 --> 00:16:36,529
I really hope
it's a computer bug.
343
00:16:36,529 --> 00:16:41,401
Because if we land in the Azores
with half a plane full of fuel,
344
00:16:41,401 --> 00:16:42,235
it'll crucify us.
345
00:16:45,605 --> 00:16:47,273
[chatter]
346
00:16:48,708 --> 00:16:50,176
Please put up your tray.
347
00:16:50,176 --> 00:16:52,178
Thank you.
348
00:16:52,178 --> 00:16:55,648
[chatter]
349
00:17:00,086 --> 00:17:02,689
NARRATOR: At 6:13
AM, less than an hour
350
00:17:02,689 --> 00:17:06,092
from the first fuel alarm,
the right hand engine
351
00:17:06,092 --> 00:17:09,796
runs out of fuel and cuts out.
352
00:17:09,796 --> 00:17:12,265
[alarm beeping]
353
00:17:12,265 --> 00:17:13,733
We're losing
engine number two.
354
00:17:13,733 --> 00:17:15,001
I don't believe this.
355
00:17:15,001 --> 00:17:15,835
OK.
356
00:17:15,835 --> 00:17:17,937
Maximum thrust on number one.
357
00:17:17,937 --> 00:17:20,173
[engine revving]
358
00:17:20,940 --> 00:17:21,941
- What's going on?
- Uh-oh.
359
00:17:21,941 --> 00:17:22,642
Uh-oh.
- Miss?
360
00:17:22,642 --> 00:17:23,943
Miss, what's happening?
361
00:17:23,943 --> 00:17:26,513
Lights started flickering
on and off, which I thought
362
00:17:26,513 --> 00:17:28,448
was kind of odd, strange.
363
00:17:28,448 --> 00:17:30,783
[alarm beeping]
364
00:17:30,783 --> 00:17:32,385
NARRATOR: On one
engine, the Airbus
365
00:17:32,385 --> 00:17:34,787
cannot fly at 39,000 feet.
366
00:17:34,787 --> 00:17:36,556
They must descend quickly.
367
00:17:36,556 --> 00:17:39,926
Try to transfer fuel from
center tank into trim tank.
368
00:17:39,926 --> 00:17:41,461
Transferring.
369
00:17:41,461 --> 00:17:43,730
Fuel quantities reaching zero.
370
00:17:43,730 --> 00:17:45,732
ROBERT PICHE: This can't be.
371
00:17:45,732 --> 00:17:50,370
We're not gonna go completely
dry on this [bleep] airplane.
372
00:17:50,370 --> 00:17:51,905
All right.
373
00:17:51,905 --> 00:17:56,376
We can't stay at 39,000
feet with just one engine.
374
00:17:56,376 --> 00:17:59,445
We'll descend to 33,000
to control our speed.
375
00:17:59,445 --> 00:18:01,014
DIRK DEJAGER: 236
to Lajes tower.
376
00:18:01,014 --> 00:18:03,950
We have lost one
engine, engine flameout
377
00:18:03,950 --> 00:18:05,618
MAN (ON RADIO):
Roger, Transat 236.
378
00:18:05,618 --> 00:18:07,487
We can see you on primary radar.
379
00:18:07,487 --> 00:18:11,658
You are at 135 nautical
miles from Lajes Field.
380
00:18:11,658 --> 00:18:14,894
We are 135 nautical
miles from Lajes Field.
381
00:18:14,894 --> 00:18:17,063
DAVID LYNCH: Well, there's a
whole lot of critical things
382
00:18:17,063 --> 00:18:18,398
go on.
383
00:18:18,398 --> 00:18:21,768
In addition to that, you turn
on all the exterior lights
384
00:18:21,768 --> 00:18:23,636
so people can see
you're in trouble.
385
00:18:23,636 --> 00:18:27,307
You have to broadcast your
intentions on an emergency
386
00:18:27,307 --> 00:18:30,310
frequency so that
other people know
387
00:18:30,310 --> 00:18:32,679
that you're unable to
maintain your altitude.
388
00:18:32,679 --> 00:18:34,314
You may be-- you
may be descending
389
00:18:34,314 --> 00:18:35,648
through their altitude.
390
00:18:35,648 --> 00:18:38,484
So everybody else is now on
the lookout for an airplane
391
00:18:38,484 --> 00:18:41,387
that's-- that's in distress.
392
00:18:41,387 --> 00:18:42,755
NARRATOR: For the
next 10 minutes,
393
00:18:42,755 --> 00:18:46,326
the stricken Airbus continues
on its remaining engine.
394
00:18:46,326 --> 00:18:48,628
The pilots still believe
that the computer may
395
00:18:48,628 --> 00:18:51,030
be partly faulty, and
that they can make
396
00:18:51,030 --> 00:18:53,233
it to Lajes with fuel to spare.
397
00:18:53,233 --> 00:18:55,635
In the end it
might be all right.
398
00:18:55,635 --> 00:18:57,604
Fuel gauge is
falling fast, though.
399
00:18:57,604 --> 00:18:59,272
It's nearly hitting zero.
400
00:18:59,272 --> 00:19:02,609
[suspenseful music]
401
00:19:08,314 --> 00:19:11,684
NARRATOR: But 13 minutes after
the right hand engine cuts out,
402
00:19:11,684 --> 00:19:14,420
and with a little over
80 miles still to go,
403
00:19:14,420 --> 00:19:16,289
the left engine begins to fail.
404
00:19:21,761 --> 00:19:24,130
[alarm beeping]
405
00:19:24,130 --> 00:19:25,131
We're losing number one.
406
00:19:29,369 --> 00:19:30,603
DIRK DEJAGER: Mayday.
Mayday.
407
00:19:30,603 --> 00:19:31,804
Mayday.
408
00:19:31,804 --> 00:19:33,773
We have lost both engines
due to fuel starvation.
409
00:19:33,773 --> 00:19:34,707
We are gliding now.
410
00:19:41,080 --> 00:19:43,182
NARRATOR: One of the most
sophisticated airliners
411
00:19:43,182 --> 00:19:47,920
of the modern era, carrying
306 passengers and crew,
412
00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:51,024
is now nothing more
than a giant glider
413
00:19:51,024 --> 00:19:54,894
drifting steadily down
towards the ocean.
414
00:19:54,894 --> 00:19:58,131
[chatter]
415
00:20:01,034 --> 00:20:02,502
Honey, it doesn't work.
416
00:20:02,502 --> 00:20:03,636
Excuse me.
417
00:20:03,636 --> 00:20:05,705
Can somebody come?
418
00:20:05,705 --> 00:20:08,007
[chatter]
419
00:20:08,007 --> 00:20:10,443
You can literally
hear a pin drop.
420
00:20:10,443 --> 00:20:12,612
The exterior-- there was
no sound in that plane--
421
00:20:12,612 --> 00:20:13,913
in that cabin at all.
422
00:20:18,484 --> 00:20:23,156
A lot of people were
praying and screaming for God.
423
00:20:23,156 --> 00:20:25,491
My wife was a
little hysterical.
424
00:20:25,491 --> 00:20:28,161
My best friend was
in another world.
425
00:20:28,161 --> 00:20:30,930
The plane was dead silent
except for the people
426
00:20:30,930 --> 00:20:31,731
who were--
427
00:20:31,731 --> 00:20:32,532
Screaming.
428
00:20:32,532 --> 00:20:33,399
--who were very upset.
429
00:20:33,399 --> 00:20:34,967
No anti-skid.
No reversers.
430
00:20:34,967 --> 00:20:37,770
Rudder trim.
Radio HF 1 and 2.
431
00:20:37,770 --> 00:20:39,172
DAVID LYNCH: With the
loss of both engines
432
00:20:39,172 --> 00:20:40,807
we have no electrical
system, which
433
00:20:40,807 --> 00:20:42,542
means if the engines
aren't running,
434
00:20:42,542 --> 00:20:44,444
the generators aren't running.
435
00:20:44,444 --> 00:20:46,412
So there's no power
on the airplane.
436
00:20:46,412 --> 00:20:50,116
There is a small device, it's
called a ram air turbine.
437
00:20:50,116 --> 00:20:52,719
It will deploy from
underneath the fuselage
438
00:20:52,719 --> 00:20:53,986
near the wing fairing.
439
00:20:53,986 --> 00:20:57,523
And it's-- it's a
small propeller that
440
00:20:57,523 --> 00:20:59,292
deploys out the
bottom of the fuselage
441
00:20:59,292 --> 00:21:01,294
and it spins in the wind.
442
00:21:01,294 --> 00:21:04,230
And that small
propeller will provide
443
00:21:04,230 --> 00:21:07,233
very limited electrical
and hydraulic
444
00:21:07,233 --> 00:21:09,836
systems to run the aircraft.
445
00:21:09,836 --> 00:21:12,105
In other words,
although it's a glider,
446
00:21:12,105 --> 00:21:14,640
at least it's a
controllable glider.
447
00:21:14,640 --> 00:21:17,543
Calculate how far we can go
with our glide angle, will you?
448
00:21:20,947 --> 00:21:23,516
Well, we're now at 30,000
feet at the rate of descent
449
00:21:23,516 --> 00:21:27,053
of 2,000 feet per minute.
450
00:21:27,053 --> 00:21:29,622
We can hang out-- hang
on for 14 or 15 minutes.
451
00:21:29,622 --> 00:21:30,656
What?
452
00:21:30,656 --> 00:21:33,092
I don't want to die
on our honeymoon.
453
00:21:33,092 --> 00:21:34,427
I was just trying
to calm her down,
454
00:21:34,427 --> 00:21:37,764
like, try and reassure her
that everything would be OK.
455
00:21:37,764 --> 00:21:42,001
It's a very big struggle
to stay calm when you're
456
00:21:42,001 --> 00:21:43,336
considering your own death.
457
00:21:43,336 --> 00:21:44,971
NARRATOR: Without
power, the plane
458
00:21:44,971 --> 00:21:48,408
loses almost 1,000 feet in
height for every 3 miles
459
00:21:48,408 --> 00:21:49,575
it travels forward.
460
00:21:49,575 --> 00:21:51,444
They can reach the Azores.
461
00:21:51,444 --> 00:21:54,080
But if the pilots get
their calculations wrong,
462
00:21:54,080 --> 00:21:57,450
they may face a forced
landing on the water.
463
00:21:57,450 --> 00:21:58,885
I'm not sure we
can make it to Lajes.
464
00:22:07,160 --> 00:22:09,696
without fuel over the Atlantic.
465
00:22:09,696 --> 00:22:12,065
Although their initial
calculations show that
466
00:22:12,065 --> 00:22:13,800
the plane should
make it to Lajes,
467
00:22:13,800 --> 00:22:17,270
Captain Piché must now follow
standard emergency procedure
468
00:22:17,270 --> 00:22:20,039
for a passenger jet over water.
469
00:22:20,039 --> 00:22:21,040
Prepare the cabin.
470
00:22:21,040 --> 00:22:23,710
OK.
471
00:22:23,710 --> 00:22:25,979
The cabin's slowly
depressurizing.
472
00:22:25,979 --> 00:22:28,248
We need to put our
oxygen masks on.
473
00:22:28,248 --> 00:22:29,983
NARRATOR: The loss
of engine power
474
00:22:29,983 --> 00:22:32,585
means the cabin
soon depressurizes.
475
00:22:32,585 --> 00:22:34,053
Ow.
476
00:22:34,053 --> 00:22:37,023
[suspenseful music]
477
00:22:38,458 --> 00:22:40,794
Everybody, please,
I need your attention.
478
00:22:40,794 --> 00:22:42,162
We're preparing to
ditch the plane.
479
00:22:42,162 --> 00:22:44,230
I need you to put on your
life jackets right now.
480
00:22:44,230 --> 00:22:45,498
MAN: What?
481
00:22:45,498 --> 00:22:49,002
MARCO SCOCCO: Within probably,
I'd say, two minutes,
482
00:22:49,002 --> 00:22:51,037
I saw flight attendants
with life jackets
483
00:22:51,037 --> 00:22:52,906
in their hand running
down the aisles.
484
00:22:52,906 --> 00:22:54,140
Obviously, that was a--
485
00:22:54,140 --> 00:22:56,810
a sign of fear.
486
00:22:56,810 --> 00:22:58,311
What-- you know,
what was happening
487
00:22:58,311 --> 00:23:00,213
was the first question
that popped in my mind.
488
00:23:00,213 --> 00:23:01,448
What?
489
00:23:01,448 --> 00:23:02,715
Honey.
490
00:23:02,715 --> 00:23:04,017
Sweetheart.
491
00:23:04,017 --> 00:23:06,052
You'll just need to
tighten this up like that.
492
00:23:06,052 --> 00:23:07,220
Sure.
493
00:23:07,220 --> 00:23:10,190
You know, you don't
really know what to think.
494
00:23:10,190 --> 00:23:12,492
But people did start
to panic at that point
495
00:23:12,492 --> 00:23:14,894
when they were told to
put on life jackets.
496
00:23:14,894 --> 00:23:15,895
- This isn't working!
- No.
497
00:23:15,895 --> 00:23:17,363
It's all right.
- But it doesn't work!
498
00:23:17,363 --> 00:23:18,231
Please keep her calm.
499
00:23:18,231 --> 00:23:19,933
[excited chatter]
500
00:23:19,933 --> 00:23:20,733
Please don't die.
501
00:23:20,733 --> 00:23:22,635
Please don't die.
502
00:23:22,635 --> 00:23:24,971
JOHN BALJKAS: I kept thinking
that if the plane did hit
503
00:23:24,971 --> 00:23:27,540
water, that we would survive.
504
00:23:27,540 --> 00:23:28,775
I was probably delusional.
505
00:23:28,775 --> 00:23:31,578
[laughs]
506
00:23:35,882 --> 00:23:38,618
MARCO SCOCCO: Fear just
suddenly just kicked in from--
507
00:23:38,618 --> 00:23:43,189
from my toes straight
up to my head.
508
00:23:43,189 --> 00:23:45,725
At that point, they
started instructing
509
00:23:45,725 --> 00:23:50,830
us and giving us instructions
of what to do in this procedure.
510
00:23:50,830 --> 00:23:53,800
Take off your shoes
was one of them.
511
00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:58,838
Don't inflate your jacket
until we hit the water.
512
00:23:58,838 --> 00:24:01,474
Get into this position
when we hit the water.
513
00:24:01,474 --> 00:24:03,910
It was a lot of-- it
wasn't, like, ifs or maybes.
514
00:24:03,910 --> 00:24:05,345
It was this was gonna happen.
515
00:24:05,345 --> 00:24:06,246
This is the real deal.
516
00:24:06,246 --> 00:24:07,547
[crying]
517
00:24:07,547 --> 00:24:09,916
NARRATOR: Ditching the large
passenger jet in the water
518
00:24:09,916 --> 00:24:11,651
presents severe hazards.
519
00:24:11,651 --> 00:24:14,787
If the Airbus 330 has to
make a forced landing,
520
00:24:14,787 --> 00:24:18,925
the chances of
survival are bleak.
521
00:24:18,925 --> 00:24:23,429
In 1996, a Boeing
767 ran out of fuel
522
00:24:23,429 --> 00:24:25,365
off the coast of East Africa.
523
00:24:25,365 --> 00:24:28,368
Its last moments were
caught on amateur video,
524
00:24:28,368 --> 00:24:31,571
and reveal what can happen
when an airliner attempts
525
00:24:31,571 --> 00:24:33,172
a controlled landing on water.
526
00:24:35,909 --> 00:24:38,912
[explosion]
527
00:24:47,754 --> 00:24:52,759
Of the 175 people on the
Ethiopian Airways jet, only 50
528
00:24:52,759 --> 00:24:53,593
survived.
529
00:24:59,198 --> 00:25:03,603
The chances of surviving a
ditching and floating for very
530
00:25:03,603 --> 00:25:06,005
long are not very good.
531
00:25:06,005 --> 00:25:09,075
NARRATOR: If Air Transat
Flight 236 has to carry out
532
00:25:09,075 --> 00:25:13,179
a similar maneuver, it faces an
equally grave possible outcome.
533
00:25:17,417 --> 00:25:20,820
With over 80 miles before
they reach the Azores,
534
00:25:20,820 --> 00:25:24,457
the pilots face a long
and difficult maneuver.
535
00:25:24,457 --> 00:25:26,326
They need to keep
the plane gliding
536
00:25:26,326 --> 00:25:30,296
for more than 15 minutes.
537
00:25:30,296 --> 00:25:33,600
DAVID LYNCH: There's very little
time for any emotions at all.
538
00:25:33,600 --> 00:25:38,905
You just-- you're just so
focused on the mission.
539
00:25:38,905 --> 00:25:42,275
[ominous music]
540
00:25:44,143 --> 00:25:48,147
DIRK DEJAGER (ON RADIO): Transat
236 Heavy to Lajes tower.
541
00:25:48,147 --> 00:25:51,751
MAN (ON RADIO): Lajes tower
receiving, Transat 236 Heavy.
542
00:25:51,751 --> 00:25:55,221
DIRK DEJAGER: Do you have
us on radar, Transat 236?
543
00:25:55,221 --> 00:25:56,889
MAN (ON RADIO): We
have on primary radar,
544
00:25:56,889 --> 00:25:58,691
confirm you're at 80 miles out.
545
00:25:58,691 --> 00:26:00,627
You're heading is good.
546
00:26:00,627 --> 00:26:02,729
DIRK DEJAGER: Transat 236
Heavy, Lajes tower, we
547
00:26:02,729 --> 00:26:03,863
are trying to make the runway.
548
00:26:03,863 --> 00:26:07,700
Please describe runway
heading and length.
549
00:26:07,700 --> 00:26:09,869
MAN (ON RADIO): Lajes
tower, Transat 326 Heavy.
550
00:26:09,869 --> 00:26:13,306
Runway is 33 and
10,865 feet long.
551
00:26:13,306 --> 00:26:15,041
Airport dead ahead on
your present heading.
552
00:26:15,041 --> 00:26:17,110
Please advise when
you have it in sight.
553
00:26:17,110 --> 00:26:19,846
[suspenseful music]
554
00:26:20,613 --> 00:26:22,482
Transat 236 Heavy.
555
00:26:22,482 --> 00:26:24,217
We cannot see the airport.
556
00:26:24,217 --> 00:26:25,585
We will tell you when we can.
557
00:26:25,585 --> 00:26:28,888
[suspenseful music]
558
00:26:32,091 --> 00:26:33,860
NARRATOR: As the
minutes tick by,
559
00:26:33,860 --> 00:26:38,865
the long wait for those
on board is agonizing.
560
00:26:38,865 --> 00:26:39,666
MARCO SCOCCO: That's it.
561
00:26:39,666 --> 00:26:40,700
That's-- this is it.
562
00:26:40,700 --> 00:26:43,503
This is-- it's over.
563
00:26:43,503 --> 00:26:45,972
We're just gonna die in
the next 5 to 10 minutes.
564
00:26:45,972 --> 00:26:47,440
[crying]
565
00:26:47,440 --> 00:26:48,975
MARGARET MCKINNON: I had
contemplated the idea
566
00:26:48,975 --> 00:26:51,544
that we would die, certainly.
567
00:26:51,544 --> 00:26:52,845
And kind of you can--
568
00:26:52,845 --> 00:26:54,480
I think in that moment you
can accept it more than you
569
00:26:54,480 --> 00:26:56,582
think you would accept it.
570
00:26:56,582 --> 00:26:58,518
DANIEL RODRIGUES: I never
thought I was gonna die.
571
00:26:58,518 --> 00:27:00,987
I was in a little bit
of a state of distress.
572
00:27:00,987 --> 00:27:04,791
I did my best not to
show it, to try to keep
573
00:27:04,791 --> 00:27:05,892
cool, calm, and collected.
574
00:27:05,892 --> 00:27:09,762
But there was certain
times where I wasn't
575
00:27:09,762 --> 00:27:11,064
sure if we would make it.
576
00:27:11,064 --> 00:27:14,600
The torture of the whole
fact that you're gonna die--
577
00:27:14,600 --> 00:27:16,869
which I totally thought
I was going to--
578
00:27:16,869 --> 00:27:19,305
is worse to me than dying.
579
00:27:19,305 --> 00:27:21,040
If I'm gonna die,
just kill me now.
580
00:27:21,040 --> 00:27:24,477
Just get a gun and shoot me
or just let this plane go down
581
00:27:24,477 --> 00:27:28,481
and nosedive into the ocean
and then just die instantly.
582
00:27:28,481 --> 00:27:29,949
NARRATOR: On the
ground, emergency
583
00:27:29,949 --> 00:27:32,085
services prepare for
the crash landing
584
00:27:32,085 --> 00:27:33,786
of a fully loaded airliner.
585
00:27:33,786 --> 00:27:37,290
[siren wailing]
586
00:27:40,226 --> 00:27:43,262
[sirens wailing]
587
00:27:46,902 --> 00:27:51,006
the crew of Transat Flight 236
prepares for the most dangerous
588
00:27:51,006 --> 00:27:53,275
part of the operation--
getting their plane
589
00:27:53,275 --> 00:27:54,776
on the runway in one piece.
590
00:27:54,776 --> 00:27:57,345
DIRK DEJAGER: --the threshold
now and weather, please.
591
00:27:57,345 --> 00:27:59,347
MAN (ON RADIO): Roger,
Transat 236 Heavy.
592
00:27:59,347 --> 00:28:01,950
You are eight miles out
according to primary radar.
593
00:28:01,950 --> 00:28:04,753
Airspeed, 280 knots
according to our readings.
594
00:28:04,753 --> 00:28:05,821
Visibility, unlimited.
595
00:28:05,821 --> 00:28:08,490
You should have the
airport in sight.
596
00:28:08,490 --> 00:28:10,125
DIRK DEJAGER (ON RADIO):
Negative, Lajes tower.
597
00:28:10,125 --> 00:28:11,960
Until now we cannot
see the runway.
598
00:28:19,267 --> 00:28:21,169
NARRATOR: There is
no room for error.
599
00:28:21,169 --> 00:28:24,906
Without power, the pilots have
only one chance at landing.
600
00:28:24,906 --> 00:28:27,275
If they miss or
overshoot the runway,
601
00:28:27,275 --> 00:28:29,477
the results could
be catastrophic.
602
00:28:38,653 --> 00:28:40,155
I got it, just to the right.
603
00:28:46,895 --> 00:28:49,097
Minimum RAT speed is 140 knots.
604
00:28:49,097 --> 00:28:53,168
Maximum speed for gravity
gear extension, 200 knots.
605
00:28:53,168 --> 00:28:55,136
I'm not lowering the
gear until the last minute.
606
00:28:55,136 --> 00:28:55,937
OK?
607
00:28:55,937 --> 00:28:56,771
OK.
608
00:29:00,308 --> 00:29:01,710
NARRATOR: The crew
struggles to lose
609
00:29:01,710 --> 00:29:03,311
height and speed for landing.
610
00:29:06,147 --> 00:29:07,048
DIRK DEJAGER: Roger, Lajes.
611
00:29:07,048 --> 00:29:08,350
6 nautical miles.
612
00:29:11,920 --> 00:29:13,922
Let's open the slats.
613
00:29:13,922 --> 00:29:16,524
It'll slow us down a bit.
614
00:29:16,524 --> 00:29:19,327
Slats out and locked.
615
00:29:19,327 --> 00:29:21,529
NARRATOR: As they
approach the runway,
616
00:29:21,529 --> 00:29:23,798
their speed increases
dangerously.
617
00:29:23,798 --> 00:29:28,236
Too fast and they could roll
off the end of the runway.
618
00:29:28,236 --> 00:29:29,337
Lower the gear?
619
00:29:29,337 --> 00:29:32,173
Hold on.
620
00:29:32,173 --> 00:29:35,176
Speed is about 200.
621
00:29:35,176 --> 00:29:36,444
All right.
622
00:29:36,444 --> 00:29:37,846
I stabilized the speed.
623
00:29:40,415 --> 00:29:42,317
Can you give me a
landing speed, please?
624
00:29:42,317 --> 00:29:43,852
No engine, no flaps.
625
00:29:43,852 --> 00:29:47,222
Ideal approach
speed is 170 knots.
626
00:29:47,222 --> 00:29:48,890
We're too fast.
627
00:29:48,890 --> 00:29:50,325
Yes.
628
00:29:50,325 --> 00:29:51,860
But the runway is very long.
629
00:29:56,498 --> 00:29:58,466
NARRATOR: Captain Piché
performs a difficult
630
00:29:58,466 --> 00:30:00,402
series of swerving
maneuvers to slow
631
00:30:00,402 --> 00:30:02,103
the plane down for landing.
632
00:30:02,103 --> 00:30:04,306
[ominous music]
633
00:30:05,073 --> 00:30:08,610
[siren wailing]
634
00:30:15,016 --> 00:30:16,117
MARCO SCOCCO: The
plane was almost
635
00:30:16,117 --> 00:30:18,253
on a-- like, a 45 degree angle.
636
00:30:18,253 --> 00:30:19,854
I thought it was just gonna--
637
00:30:19,854 --> 00:30:22,357
it was just gonna flip over and
just nosedive straight down.
638
00:30:22,357 --> 00:30:25,994
The plane was circling
around the island to slow down.
639
00:30:25,994 --> 00:30:28,697
So then we saw land
and then we saw water.
640
00:30:28,697 --> 00:30:30,732
And when I saw water
again, it really
641
00:30:30,732 --> 00:30:35,804
struck me that, you know, our
chance for survival had maybe--
642
00:30:35,804 --> 00:30:38,707
was gone.
643
00:30:38,707 --> 00:30:40,575
DANIEL RODRIGUES:
The runway as long.
644
00:30:40,575 --> 00:30:41,643
Yeah, sure.
645
00:30:41,643 --> 00:30:43,211
But at the end there's
a 400 foot cliff.
646
00:30:43,211 --> 00:30:45,914
If we don't stop in
enough time, we're toast.
647
00:30:45,914 --> 00:30:46,715
We're dead.
648
00:30:46,715 --> 00:30:49,517
[ominous music]
649
00:30:52,253 --> 00:30:54,956
NARRATOR: The crew lines
up the giant Airbus
650
00:30:54,956 --> 00:30:57,292
for the final approach.
651
00:30:57,292 --> 00:30:59,160
Landing gear down and locked.
652
00:30:59,160 --> 00:31:02,130
Three green.
653
00:31:02,130 --> 00:31:05,033
No flaps, only the
emergency brakes.
654
00:31:05,033 --> 00:31:07,369
No spoilers, no reverse thrust.
655
00:31:07,369 --> 00:31:10,238
4,000 feet, 195 knots.
656
00:31:10,238 --> 00:31:13,708
[ominous music]
657
00:31:16,144 --> 00:31:25,186
3,000 feet, 197 knots.
658
00:31:25,186 --> 00:31:28,723
2,000 feet, 200 knots.
659
00:31:28,723 --> 00:31:31,393
Alert the cabin.
660
00:31:31,393 --> 00:31:34,029
Cabin crew, one
minute to landing.
661
00:31:34,029 --> 00:31:36,898
[excited chatter]
662
00:31:38,266 --> 00:31:40,335
[frightened groans]
663
00:31:40,935 --> 00:31:41,770
Hang on.
664
00:31:45,974 --> 00:31:49,077
DIRK DEJAGER: Vertical speed
at 3,000 feet per minute.
665
00:31:49,077 --> 00:31:52,347
We're going way too fast
and the speed's increasing.
666
00:31:52,347 --> 00:31:54,049
203 knots now.
667
00:31:54,049 --> 00:31:56,217
It's way too fast.
668
00:31:56,217 --> 00:32:00,188
1,000 feet, 201 knots.
669
00:32:00,188 --> 00:32:03,291
We'll try to get the nose up.
670
00:32:03,291 --> 00:32:04,993
We'll arrive fast.
671
00:32:04,993 --> 00:32:06,528
NARRATOR: But even
if the crew can
672
00:32:06,528 --> 00:32:09,831
get the Airbus on the runway,
they face a further problem.
673
00:32:09,831 --> 00:32:12,801
Without engines, the normal
procedures for braking
674
00:32:12,801 --> 00:32:14,569
are severely restricted.
675
00:32:14,569 --> 00:32:18,139
For Flight 236, the
danger is far from over.
676
00:32:18,139 --> 00:32:21,676
[ominous music]
677
00:32:28,116 --> 00:32:30,785
The pilots must land
the plane without power,
678
00:32:30,785 --> 00:32:32,821
and somehow get it to stop.
679
00:32:32,821 --> 00:32:36,157
[suspenseful music]
680
00:32:39,627 --> 00:32:42,063
Everybody, I
need you to brace.
681
00:32:42,063 --> 00:32:44,499
[screaming]
682
00:32:45,433 --> 00:32:48,002
WOMAN: Hang on!
683
00:32:48,002 --> 00:32:50,472
[tires screeching]
684
00:32:50,472 --> 00:32:51,973
[screaming]
685
00:32:51,973 --> 00:32:55,310
NARRATOR: The Airbus
lands hard at high speed.
686
00:32:55,310 --> 00:32:56,878
The tires have blown!
687
00:32:56,878 --> 00:32:59,814
NARRATOR: Captain Piché
tries to hold the nose down.
688
00:32:59,814 --> 00:33:03,318
[suspenseful music]
689
00:33:06,254 --> 00:33:09,224
[tirs screeching]
690
00:33:09,224 --> 00:33:10,725
WOMAN: Oh, my god!
691
00:33:10,725 --> 00:33:13,728
[screaming]
692
00:33:20,668 --> 00:33:22,470
NARRATOR: After
bursting eight tires,
693
00:33:22,470 --> 00:33:24,906
the plane finally stops in
the middle of the runway.
694
00:33:24,906 --> 00:33:25,707
Yeah!
695
00:33:25,707 --> 00:33:26,508
What do you say?
696
00:33:26,508 --> 00:33:27,609
We made it!
697
00:33:27,609 --> 00:33:30,512
[cheering and applause]
698
00:33:35,783 --> 00:33:37,819
Come on, everybody, get
out of the plane right now.
699
00:33:37,819 --> 00:33:38,620
Let's go.
700
00:33:38,620 --> 00:33:39,487
Let's go.
- Come on.
701
00:33:39,487 --> 00:33:40,321
Come on.
702
00:33:47,462 --> 00:33:49,063
DANIEL RODRIGUES: I didn't
slide down the slide.
703
00:33:49,063 --> 00:33:50,198
I ran down it.
704
00:33:50,198 --> 00:33:51,399
And they're just-- get
out, get out, got out.
705
00:33:51,399 --> 00:33:54,402
So you're just running
out of this aircraft.
706
00:33:54,402 --> 00:33:55,970
MARCO SCOCCO: What in
God's name just happened?
707
00:33:55,970 --> 00:33:58,940
I-- I fell down to the ground,
literally, and I just started--
708
00:33:58,940 --> 00:34:00,341
I started crying.
709
00:34:00,341 --> 00:34:02,110
MARGARET MCKINNON: I mean,
once you're off the plane
710
00:34:02,110 --> 00:34:03,912
and you're evacuated, you
want to know what happened.
711
00:34:08,049 --> 00:34:10,452
Piché and DeJager had
flown their Airbus
712
00:34:10,452 --> 00:34:14,422
without power further than
any passenger jet in history.
713
00:34:14,422 --> 00:34:16,524
As news of their
remarkable achievement
714
00:34:16,524 --> 00:34:18,793
spreads around the
world, they find
715
00:34:18,793 --> 00:34:20,729
themselves reluctant heroes.
716
00:34:20,729 --> 00:34:22,230
You don't have time,
really, to think about
717
00:34:22,230 --> 00:34:25,467
anything else than taking
care the-- of the safety
718
00:34:25,467 --> 00:34:26,234
of your passenger.
719
00:34:26,234 --> 00:34:27,035
You know?
720
00:34:27,035 --> 00:34:28,036
That's your main goal.
721
00:34:28,036 --> 00:34:30,438
And since we didn't
have any engine,
722
00:34:30,438 --> 00:34:33,675
the other main goal was to
make the landing safely.
723
00:34:33,675 --> 00:34:36,544
So at that time, I guess,
the experience came in,
724
00:34:36,544 --> 00:34:39,614
you know, with the
help of my colleague.
725
00:34:39,614 --> 00:34:41,683
That's why we-- that's why
we made a successful landing.
726
00:34:41,683 --> 00:34:43,084
DIRK DEJAGR: You're
trying for the worst,
727
00:34:43,084 --> 00:34:46,454
but you never know how you'll
deal with situations like this.
728
00:34:46,454 --> 00:34:49,391
And reflecting
afterwards, I feel
729
00:34:49,391 --> 00:34:52,827
we dealt in the most
professional and complete
730
00:34:52,827 --> 00:34:54,229
matter we could.
731
00:34:54,229 --> 00:34:59,601
A feeling of being grateful to
see all the passengers were OK.
732
00:34:59,601 --> 00:35:01,302
ROBERT PICHE: You know,
something like this happen,
733
00:35:01,302 --> 00:35:03,571
you never know what is
gonna happen, really.
734
00:35:03,571 --> 00:35:06,307
I mean, you don't-- you
start not to believe it.
735
00:35:06,307 --> 00:35:09,511
I mean, it makes no sense
that a big jet with two engine
736
00:35:09,511 --> 00:35:11,946
has no more power with
300 people on board.
737
00:35:11,946 --> 00:35:13,648
You know?
738
00:35:13,648 --> 00:35:16,618
NARRATOR: But although the
public story is of success,
739
00:35:16,618 --> 00:35:19,354
disturbing questions remain.
740
00:35:19,354 --> 00:35:23,458
Why did a highly sophisticated
airliner run out of fuel?
741
00:35:23,458 --> 00:35:27,862
What exactly happened
to Flight 236?
742
00:35:27,862 --> 00:35:30,632
Away from the cameras,
an accident investigation
743
00:35:30,632 --> 00:35:33,435
begins immediately by the
Portuguese, Canadian, and
744
00:35:33,435 --> 00:35:35,970
French Transport Authorities.
745
00:35:35,970 --> 00:35:39,307
Initial checks quickly confirm
that all the fuel tanks of
746
00:35:39,307 --> 00:35:41,843
the Airbus were indeed empty.
747
00:35:41,843 --> 00:35:44,446
But to lose more
than 17 tons of fuel
748
00:35:44,446 --> 00:35:48,650
in such a short space of time
means they had a major leak.
749
00:35:48,650 --> 00:35:51,319
The question is, where.
750
00:35:51,319 --> 00:35:53,421
Engineers examine
the fuel system,
751
00:35:53,421 --> 00:35:56,691
searching for faults in the
tanks and the fuel lines.
752
00:35:56,691 --> 00:35:58,960
It isn't long before they
find what they're looking
753
00:35:58,960 --> 00:36:02,163
for just by the right engine.
754
00:36:02,163 --> 00:36:03,565
LU ZUCKERMAN: In
this particular case,
755
00:36:03,565 --> 00:36:08,136
you had a hydraulic tube that's
relatively small by comparison
756
00:36:08,136 --> 00:36:10,038
to the larger fuel tube.
757
00:36:10,038 --> 00:36:12,674
And the hydraulic tube--
758
00:36:12,674 --> 00:36:16,344
due possibly to pulsations
in the hydraulic system--
759
00:36:16,344 --> 00:36:20,014
were abrading against
the larger tube.
760
00:36:20,014 --> 00:36:24,152
And, eventually, the larger
tube had a leak in it.
761
00:36:24,152 --> 00:36:27,222
And the leak-- or not the
leak itself, but the--
762
00:36:27,222 --> 00:36:31,693
the hole eventually possibly
led in to a fracture of the tube
763
00:36:31,693 --> 00:36:37,132
allowing this massive fuel
flow outside of the engine.
764
00:36:37,132 --> 00:36:39,601
NARRATOR: The investigators
begin checking Air
765
00:36:39,601 --> 00:36:41,636
Transat maintenance records.
766
00:36:41,636 --> 00:36:45,006
They discover that on the
17th of August, five days
767
00:36:45,006 --> 00:36:49,377
before the flight, Air Transat
removed the right hand engine
768
00:36:49,377 --> 00:36:51,780
for maintenance and
installed a replacement
769
00:36:51,780 --> 00:36:54,415
unit sent by Rolls-Royce.
770
00:36:54,415 --> 00:36:57,352
But as they analyze the
repair logs for the engine,
771
00:36:57,352 --> 00:36:59,788
they uncover a shocking mistake.
772
00:36:59,788 --> 00:37:02,524
This was not a case
of faulty design
773
00:37:02,524 --> 00:37:05,894
but of faulty maintenance.
774
00:37:05,894 --> 00:37:09,531
Rolls-Royce had supplied the
engine without a hydraulic pump
775
00:37:09,531 --> 00:37:10,865
assembly.
776
00:37:10,865 --> 00:37:13,768
To overcome this,
Transat mechanics and use
777
00:37:13,768 --> 00:37:15,970
the parts from an older engine.
778
00:37:15,970 --> 00:37:17,639
But they didn't fit properly.
779
00:37:17,639 --> 00:37:21,476
And the pipes had been rubbing
together for five days,
780
00:37:21,476 --> 00:37:24,946
until midway over the
Atlantic one finally broke.
781
00:37:24,946 --> 00:37:26,481
[fuel gushing]
782
00:37:26,481 --> 00:37:29,384
LU ZUCKERMAN: The engine was
delivered minus these two
783
00:37:29,384 --> 00:37:31,920
tubes and a bracket.
784
00:37:31,920 --> 00:37:35,857
The purpose of that bracket was
to maintain adequate clearance.
785
00:37:35,857 --> 00:37:38,827
So if they took the
bracket off the old engine
786
00:37:38,827 --> 00:37:42,130
and put it on the new
engine, is that the pipes
787
00:37:42,130 --> 00:37:47,135
would be locked together so
that they could possibly abrade.
788
00:37:47,135 --> 00:37:52,373
So the mechanics-- now,
I can't fault them,
789
00:37:52,373 --> 00:37:56,277
but they are not given
specific instructions to verify
790
00:37:56,277 --> 00:37:58,746
the 3 millimeter clearance.
791
00:37:58,746 --> 00:38:01,583
NARRATOR: As investigators
questioned Air Transat
792
00:38:01,583 --> 00:38:03,885
mechanics, they
find more disturbing
793
00:38:03,885 --> 00:38:07,055
evidence of malpractice.
794
00:38:07,055 --> 00:38:08,990
The chief mechanic
testified that he
795
00:38:08,990 --> 00:38:11,159
had been concerned
about the substitution
796
00:38:11,159 --> 00:38:13,228
of another hydraulic assembly.
797
00:38:13,228 --> 00:38:15,763
Five days before the
accident, he raised
798
00:38:15,763 --> 00:38:17,899
his concerns with his superior.
799
00:38:17,899 --> 00:38:19,033
Put it on.
800
00:38:19,033 --> 00:38:21,135
Leave it on so the plane
can get up in the air.
801
00:38:21,135 --> 00:38:23,404
NARRATOR: He was told that it
would cost too much to have
802
00:38:23,404 --> 00:38:25,607
the aircraft waiting
for the missing parts,
803
00:38:25,607 --> 00:38:28,910
and to go ahead with
the substitution.
804
00:38:28,910 --> 00:38:30,845
Not exact.
805
00:38:30,845 --> 00:38:32,747
NARRATOR: The
replacement parts only
806
00:38:32,747 --> 00:38:35,783
differed from the correct
ones by a few millimeters.
807
00:38:35,783 --> 00:38:40,054
But it was the difference
that almost cost 306 lives.
808
00:38:40,054 --> 00:38:43,591
[somber music]
809
00:38:52,500 --> 00:38:55,436
A few days after the
accident, Air Transat
810
00:38:55,436 --> 00:38:59,807
publicly accepted responsibility
for the faulty maintenance.
811
00:38:59,807 --> 00:39:04,679
We have to realize that
there was a small mistake made
812
00:39:04,679 --> 00:39:06,247
in terms of changing the pump.
813
00:39:06,247 --> 00:39:09,784
We installed it, but then some--
814
00:39:09,784 --> 00:39:13,988
some pipes, so to
speak, were needed
815
00:39:13,988 --> 00:39:15,023
to be connected to the pump.
816
00:39:15,023 --> 00:39:16,357
And there was a mismatch.
817
00:39:16,357 --> 00:39:20,261
The immediate consequences
for Air Transat in that event
818
00:39:20,261 --> 00:39:23,231
was that they got to pay a
fine of a quarter of a million
819
00:39:23,231 --> 00:39:26,301
dollar, which was the
highest ever in Canada,
820
00:39:26,301 --> 00:39:30,638
for an error that could
have been prevented.
821
00:39:30,638 --> 00:39:34,309
MARCO SCOCCO: How someone that
is supposed to be qualified
822
00:39:34,309 --> 00:39:43,217
in their job can put the wrong
part onto an engine and risk
823
00:39:43,217 --> 00:39:47,789
300 people's lives is--
824
00:39:47,789 --> 00:39:48,723
is beyond me.
825
00:39:48,723 --> 00:39:49,958
MARGARET MCKINNON:
This incident is
826
00:39:49,958 --> 00:39:53,528
a very strong reminder that
regulation is important
827
00:39:53,528 --> 00:39:54,662
and safety is important.
828
00:39:54,662 --> 00:39:57,799
And lives will be lost
in the absence of that.
829
00:39:57,799 --> 00:39:58,933
And they're real lives.
830
00:39:58,933 --> 00:40:00,902
It's not just, you know,
this imaginary figure
831
00:40:00,902 --> 00:40:02,203
in your head of 300 people.
832
00:40:02,203 --> 00:40:05,606
It's real people who suffer,
and continue to suffer
833
00:40:05,606 --> 00:40:07,342
through all-- if it
hadn't been suffering,
834
00:40:07,342 --> 00:40:08,609
it would have been our families.
835
00:40:08,609 --> 00:40:11,546
[ominous music]
836
00:40:12,747 --> 00:40:15,750
NARRATOR: This is by no
means the end of the story.
837
00:40:15,750 --> 00:40:17,852
Investigators now
turn their attention
838
00:40:17,852 --> 00:40:19,087
to the cockpit itself.
839
00:40:21,823 --> 00:40:26,060
Wing cross feed, on.
840
00:40:26,060 --> 00:40:27,295
ROBERT PICHE: On.
841
00:40:27,295 --> 00:40:29,130
NARRATOR: When the crew
opened the cross feed valve
842
00:40:29,130 --> 00:40:32,200
to transfer fuel from the
left wing tank to the right,
843
00:40:32,200 --> 00:40:36,037
they lost 17 tons of fuel
in less than 30 minutes.
844
00:40:36,037 --> 00:40:38,873
Yet, they failed to close
the cross feed valve
845
00:40:38,873 --> 00:40:39,974
and prevent further loss.
- Mayday.
846
00:40:39,974 --> 00:40:41,175
Mayday.
Mayday.
847
00:40:41,175 --> 00:40:42,810
We have lost both engines
due to fuel starvation.
848
00:40:42,810 --> 00:40:45,513
We are gliding now.
849
00:40:45,513 --> 00:40:47,849
NARRATOR: In the days
after the incident,
850
00:40:47,849 --> 00:40:50,251
Captain Robert Piché
and Dirk DeJager were
851
00:40:50,251 --> 00:40:52,220
called before the
inquiry and asked
852
00:40:52,220 --> 00:40:53,721
in detail about their actions.
853
00:40:57,859 --> 00:41:00,928
In 2004, the investigators
issued a report
854
00:41:00,928 --> 00:41:03,297
that cited pilot
error as contributing
855
00:41:03,297 --> 00:41:05,333
to the near catastrophe.
856
00:41:05,333 --> 00:41:07,935
Captain Piché believed
for a long time that
857
00:41:07,935 --> 00:41:09,937
he was facing a computer error.
858
00:41:09,937 --> 00:41:12,006
It was only when
the engines finally
859
00:41:12,006 --> 00:41:16,711
stopped that he had to accept
that the fuel leak was genuine.
860
00:41:16,711 --> 00:41:19,614
The technological complexity
of modern aircraft
861
00:41:19,614 --> 00:41:22,116
can help to make them
safer and more reliable.
862
00:41:22,116 --> 00:41:24,252
But it can also
lead to the problems
863
00:41:24,252 --> 00:41:28,089
that nearly brought catastrophe
to Air Transat Flight 236.
864
00:41:28,089 --> 00:41:31,526
Discrepancies in replacement
parts led to a fuel leak.
865
00:41:31,526 --> 00:41:35,563
Distrust in computers led the
crew to misread the situation.
866
00:41:35,563 --> 00:41:39,500
These errors combined to
have huge implications.
867
00:41:39,500 --> 00:41:42,837
Only because air traffic
control initially sent the plane
868
00:41:42,837 --> 00:41:45,273
60 miles south to
avoid congestion
869
00:41:45,273 --> 00:41:48,042
was Flight 236 close
enough to the Azores
870
00:41:48,042 --> 00:41:49,510
when the crisis struck.
871
00:41:49,510 --> 00:41:53,181
Otherwise, it would have
had to ditch in the ocean.
872
00:41:53,181 --> 00:41:56,384
After the accident, Airbus
modified its checklist
873
00:41:56,384 --> 00:41:58,319
in the event of fuel imbalance.
874
00:41:58,319 --> 00:42:02,223
From now on, the computer checks
all the fuel levels on board
875
00:42:02,223 --> 00:42:04,425
against the flight plan.
876
00:42:04,425 --> 00:42:07,728
It now gives a clear warning
if more fuel is being lost
877
00:42:07,728 --> 00:42:11,432
than the engines can consume.
878
00:42:11,432 --> 00:42:13,868
Rolls-Royce re-issued
a service bulletin
879
00:42:13,868 --> 00:42:16,704
alerting all its clients
of the incompatibility
880
00:42:16,704 --> 00:42:20,641
of the two very similar parts.
881
00:42:20,641 --> 00:42:24,312
For the passengers
trapped on Flight 236,
882
00:42:24,312 --> 00:42:28,416
the trauma has them
with mixed feelings.
883
00:42:28,416 --> 00:42:29,650
All right.
884
00:42:29,650 --> 00:42:32,386
I stabilized the speed.
885
00:42:32,386 --> 00:42:33,754
DAVID LYNCH: This
accident wasn't--
886
00:42:33,754 --> 00:42:40,228
wasn't caused by simply one
omission by any one individual,
887
00:42:40,228 --> 00:42:43,297
as is typical of most
aircraft accidents.
888
00:42:43,297 --> 00:42:46,567
There's a whole chain of
events-- a whole series of--
889
00:42:46,567 --> 00:42:48,703
of events that lead to--
890
00:42:48,703 --> 00:42:50,605
to the incident or
to the accident.
891
00:42:50,605 --> 00:42:53,708
And this accident
was no different.
892
00:42:53,708 --> 00:42:57,111
[engine roaring]
893
00:43:01,883 --> 00:43:04,218
MARCO SCOCCO: Whatever
the circumstances are,
894
00:43:04,218 --> 00:43:08,456
the pressure that he
was under is tremendous.
895
00:43:08,456 --> 00:43:12,627
He got that plane down safely,
only blew out 8 of the 12
896
00:43:12,627 --> 00:43:16,464
tires, and saved 300 people.
897
00:43:16,464 --> 00:43:18,065
He saved 300 people's lives.
898
00:43:18,065 --> 00:43:21,536
[suspenseful music]
899
00:43:23,004 --> 00:43:24,839
Captain Piché saved our lives.
900
00:43:24,839 --> 00:43:29,844
And whether or not
he made an error
901
00:43:29,844 --> 00:43:32,246
or if there was a
failure of a computer,
902
00:43:32,246 --> 00:43:34,382
it doesn't really matter
because we're alive.
903
00:43:39,820 --> 00:43:41,389
Do I think he's a hero?
904
00:43:41,389 --> 00:43:42,356
No.
905
00:43:42,356 --> 00:43:43,925
Do I think he's a
hell of a pilot?
906
00:43:43,925 --> 00:43:45,359
Yes.
907
00:43:45,359 --> 00:43:46,994
MARCO SCOCCO: Thank god
the islands of the Azores
908
00:43:46,994 --> 00:43:49,597
we're there and basically
saved our lives.
909
00:43:49,597 --> 00:43:56,137
But if that fuel pump broke 2,
5 minutes beforehand, we'd-- we
910
00:43:56,137 --> 00:43:57,438
would have ended up into--
911
00:43:57,438 --> 00:43:58,639
into the water.
912
00:43:58,639 --> 00:43:59,974
And I probably wouldn't
be here to tell the story.
68673
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