All language subtitles for DOS Commands You Should Know

So today we're going to be firing up the

command prompt and I'm going to show you

some really helpful commands that you

probably should know about stay tuned

[Music]

the term dos simply means Disk Operating

System that just means an operating

system that runs from a disk however

when most people are referring to Dos

they're referring to MS-DOS and as you

probably guessed that stood for

Microsoft Disk Operating System yeah

that's right back in the early days

Microsoft really had a good imagination

when they were naming their products

they literally named their operating

system operating system but you know

what to be perfectly honest with you I

don't think much has changed you know we

have Windows 7 Windows 8 Windows not oh

wait not never mind let's not go there

let's get back to Dos dos or MS-DOS is

the operating system PCS had before

windows in fact it's the operating

system PCS had with Windows because

until Windows XP was released Windows

literally ran on top of Dos today on

Modern systems the only Remnant we have

of MS-DOS is the command prompt even

that Microsoft is trying to take away

with the Powershell but luckily we still

have the good old command prompt and

while you can do a lot of things from

within Windows there's no replacing the

command prompt for many tasks in Windows

machines so that's what we're going to

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10. now on with the video so the first

thing we should probably do is cover

some of the basics of the command prompt

so let's jump on the computer and I'll

show you a few things okay so the first

thing that we need to do is open the

command prompt up and to do that go

ahead and click on your start button and

just type CMD and then from here there's

a couple different ways we can launch

the command prompt we can either just

click on the app and that'll give us the

command prompt with our regular

permissions or we can run it as

administrator which will give you the

ability to run commands at the highest

privileges that are possible from within

command prompt so we're going to go

ahead and run this one as administrator

so once we do that it wants you to say

yes to the user account control go ahead

and hit yes and it'll fire up your

command prompt now from here there's a

few things that we need to know to be

able to kind of move around the command

prompt and the first one is how to get

into different directories and stuff

like that and for that we use the

command CD and that just means change

directory and then we want to type in

which directory we want to change to

from this point so what I'm going to do

is just hit the backslash command which

stands for root and hit enter and

that'll give us the root of our C drive

or the very beginning of our C drive and

then from there we want to be able to

know what's inside the C drive for that

we just type dir for directory and

that'll give us a list of all the files

that are in our C drive now

alternatively what you could also do is

type dir space and then put forward

slash a and what that does is it'll give

you every file of any attribute and

it'll it'll include system files hidden

files and things of that nature so if we

hit enter as you can see there's a much

bigger list now inside of our C drive

right here of all the different files

that we couldn't see before now

alternatively I'm going to go ahead and

hit CD Windows here to go into the

windows directory now if you type dir at

this point and hit enter as you can see

there's a whole bunch of files and it

Scrolls through a whole bunch of pages

of files but because there's a lot of

files within your windows directory if

you want to break this down and make a

little bit easier you can type dir

switch for or forward slash and then the

letter P and this will be for page and

then when you hit enter it'll stop after

one page is complete so as you can see

it starts here and it comes down and

says press any key to continue then when

you press the key it goes on to the next

page now if you ever want to cancel a

command that's in the middle of doing

what it's doing like we are doing right

now just so go ahead and hit Ctrl C and

that'll cancel the command and now we

can also type CD space dot dot if we

want to go back to the previous

directory so we're going to go ahead and

hit enter and now we're back to the root

directory so now what we're going to do

is I want to go ahead and navigate to my

desktop so to do that we have to go into

the users directory so we go CD

users and hit enter that'll give us into

the users directory and then if you want

you can run a directory again to see

what's in this directory and then hit

enter and you can see we have two

folders We have the public folder and my

profile folder so for that we're going

to go ahead and hit CD rich enter and

that'll go into my profile and if we run

a directory again it'll show us all the

different folders from within that

directory now here's another trick that

you can use while you're moving through

the command prompt and if you type in CD

and just the first letter of the folder

you want to go into so we want to go to

desktop so in this case we're going to

hit D if we hit the tab key it'll auto

complete the word for us now as you

notice we also have desktop documents

and downloads well what if you wanted to

go to downloads well if you just hit tab

multiple times you can go ahead and

it'll scroll through all the different

directories that are named starting with

the letter D now if you don't want to

have to worry about that if you want to

go directly to desktop you can always

type D es or the first few letters in

the name and hit Tab and it'll go

straight to it then when you hit enter

as you can see we're now in the desktop

now the First Command that I want to

show you here is how to create a

directory so say we want to create a new

directory on our desktop now to do that

we're going to type MK for make and then

dir for directory and then hit a space

and then go ahead and name the directory

whatever you want to name it so I'm

going to write mine test and hit enter

and as you can see right here we just

created a folder on our desktop now

let's say we want to move a file into

that folder so as you can see right here

we have our test document then we want

to move this test document into our test

folder so to do that all we do is type

move space

test dot txt space and then type the

name of the folder you want to move it

into so in this case it's going to be

test

and then we hit enter and it'll go ahead

and move that file into that folder and

as you can see it did in fact move the

test file into the test folder probably

should have named them different names

to make it a little bit less confusing

but hopefully you got it there now if we

navigate into the test directory so if

we go CD test it'll put us into that

directory and then we can run a

directory if we wanted to to see what's

in it and as you can see we have the

test text

and now let's say we want to copy this

to somewhere else say I want to copy it

to my downloads folder so what I can do

is I can write in

copy

and then I'm going to write

test text space so an easy way to get

into your downloads folder would be just

to Simply say you want to go to root

users root Rich root

downloads and then hit enter and it'll

go ahead and copy the file into your

downloads folder so if we were to click

right here and go into our downloads as

you can see there's our test file right

there so when you're working in the

command prompt you can always use

another Command 2 to help you out so if

you type in help and then space and then

whatever the name of the command is that

you want to get help with like in this

case we'll type dir and hit enter it'll

go ahead and give you the help file

associated with that specific command

and as you can see there's several Pages

here so you can kind of go through here

and see all of the different switches

that you can use with the dir command

and if you hit enter again it'll go and

finish at the end if for whatever reason

the help command doesn't give you the

help file associated with that command

you can also do it a different way too

if you type dir switch question mark and

hit enter it'll also give you the same

thing so there's a couple different ways

to be able to get information on a

command that you're using so the last

command that I'm going to show you in

our basic overview here is a really

important one and that one is CLS and it

stands for clear screen and if you hit

enter it'll go ahead and clear the

screen for you this will help to kind of

clean things up if you have a bunch of

commands that you've been running at

once

okay so now that we've covered the

basics sometimes you might need more

elevated privileges to run certain

commands and sometimes you might not but

let me show you how you can open the

command prompt in different ways in

order to get the Privileges that you

need let's get back on the computer okay

so we're going to go ahead and close the

command prompt here and like I showed

you before if you hit start and you type

CMD you can just click on the command

prompt normal and that'll just give you

a normal command prompt that doesn't

have any elevated privileges and if you

click on run as administrator it'll give

you an Administrator Command Prompt

however let's just say you don't ever

want to have to deal with opening a

regular command prompt and every time

you open it you just want it to run as

administrator let me show you a really

cool way to be able to make that happen

so go ahead and right click on command

prompt and click on open file location

and then from there you'll get the

shortcut for your command prompt and

there all you got to do is right click

click on properties and then from

properties you want to click on Advanced

and then from Advanced you want to check

run as administrator then go ahead and

hit OK hit OK again and then you can go

ahead and close all this and at this

point now if you type in CMD and you

just click on command prompt like normal

It'll ask you for administrator

permissions and it'll open up an admin

version of the command prompt however

there's another way that you can do this

as well that works really well so let's

say you don't want to use the old CMD

command but you want to use the new

terminal command so if you open up

terminal here as you can see it defaults

into Powershell which is fine but if you

want a command prompt you can click on

this little tab right here and you can

run a command prompt right there and

it'll give you a regular command prompt

however let's say you want an admin

command prompt to be able to open when

you open it in terminal to do that all

you do is you hit this little arrow down

right here go into settings and there's

a couple different ways you can do this

you can click on command prompt up

scroll down and hit run this profile as

administrator and what that'll do is

once you hit save every time you open

command prompt at this point it'll

always ask for your user account control

in order to give it administrator

privileges to open an admin command

prompt or you can also do this

alternatively is if we go down to

command prompt we're going to go ahead

and uncheck this hit save and then I'm

going to go ahead and click on the

command prompt go down to add new

profile here and then what we want to do

is duplicate a profile so the for the

duplicate profile we're going to select

command prompt and we're going to go

ahead and say duplicate and then from

here for the name we're going to rename

this instead of just saying copy we're

going to rename this to

admin and then we're going to scroll

down and we're going to check run this

profile as administrator and then go

ahead and hit save right there now at

that point you'll have two different

selections so if you click on this

little arrow right here as you can see

you'll have command prompt or you'll

have command prompt as admin now

furthermore if you just don't want to

mess with the Powershell you just want

this thing to open in command prompt

every time let me show you how to do

that you go down hit settings right here

or if you're already in settings it'll

already be there and then from there you

want to come up to the top where it says

startup click on Startup and then where

it says default profile you can select

the default profile that terminal opens

up with you can either have it be a

regular command prompt or you can even

have it be an admin command prompt if

you want and then once you're done you

go ahead and hit save and that'll save

it as your default profile so in that

case when we go ahead and close terminal

here and we go ahead and open it again

It'll ask for our user account control

and then hit yes and it'll give you an

admin command prompt just like that okay

so now that we've gone over the basics

and you know how to run the command

prompt as either a regular user or an

administrator let's get into some

commands that you're actually going to

need when fixing a computer many of

these commands I use on almost a daily

basis let me show you

so the First Command that we're going to

look at here is power CFG so if you just

type power

CFG and essentially all this stands for

is power config and if you go ahead and

hit space switch question mark it'll

give you all the different options that

you can use with power CFG however I'm

going to show you a few of the ones that

I like to use myself and another tip is

if you're running the same command

multiple times if you just hit the up

Arrow it'll give you the last command

that you actually ran so we're going to

go ahead and we're going to try switch a

and what this will show you is it'll

show you the current power states that

are currently enabled and supported on

the system also if you go ahead and type

in power CFG and then switch last wake

it'll show you how many times the

computer's been woken up since the last

Boot and what the last device was that

woke the system up and as you can see it

was the USB controller obviously it was

my keyboard now another command that you

can use with power CFG we're going to go

ahead and hit the up Arrow again and

we're going to type in energy and that's

just going to be e-n-e-r-g-y

and then from there it's going to go

ahead and it's going to give you an

energy report for the system now this is

going to take a minute to do so I'm

going to go ahead and Skip ahead until

this is done and I'll show you how you

can check out the report

all right here we go so as you can see

our Energy report is going to be in

users under Rich so if we go here we're

going to go ahead and go to this PC go

to C go to users and then go into my

profile and then as you can see right

here is an energy report we'll go ahead

and double click on it and it'll give

you a report of all the different energy

specifics on your system I'm not going

to bore you with all those specifics but

gives you quite a bit of data for energy

related topics so the next one that I'm

going to show you is one that's equally

as helpful if not more than that one

right there and what I'm going to do is

go ahead and hit up so we can get our

Command back and then for this one I'm

going to type battery report so you go

b-a-t-t-e-r-y-r-e-p-o-r-t and go ahead

and hit enter and it's going to go ahead

and give you a battery life report and

as you can see it saved it really fast

that's probably because my system

doesn't actually have a battery but if

you have a notebook this will give you

not only the different Power Cycles

battery uses but it'll give you the

health of the battery as well in this

case it just gives me an empty report

because I don't actually have a battery

some of the other ways you can use this

command and one way that I use this

command all the time is by enabling and

disabling different Power States on your

computer let me show you that one so if

you type power CFG and simply type the

letter H this is for hibernate hit space

and type off and what this will do is

it'll turn hibernation off now this

comes in really handy because if you

want to disable your hybrid shutdown for

whatever reason like for instance if you

want to be able to recover data from the

drive or be able to copy data to or from

the drive from an external operating

system like if you boot off like a Linux

CD or something like that you have to

turn off hybrid shutdown in order to get

it to work and this is the way I

typically do it is just by typing power

CFG H off and that'll turn hibernation

off now if you want to turn it back on

it's the same thing you just type in

power CFG

h on and it'll turn hibernation back on

now for the next command we're going to

go ahead and hit CLS to clear our screen

now the next command is shutdown now

this one not actually going to run it

because it'll mess up my screen

recording however there's a few

different switches that you can use for

this command so if you type in shutdown

and then afterwards type switch S what

this will do is actually just shut the

system down now if you type in switch R

it will go through and do a reboot on

the system however there's one more that

comes in really handy if you type in

shut down switch r space and then switch

oh what this does is it puts you into an

advanced startup this is how you can get

into safe mode and things of that nature

okay so moving on for our next command

we're going to look at the system file

Checker now this one I went into way

more detail with this one in a previous

video but I'm going to go ahead and give

you just some of the really basic

commands that you can use with this one

so first off we're going to go sfc

forward slash

verify only and what this will do is

it'll go through and it'll verify your

system files and it'll take a minute to

complete so I'm going to go ahead and

let this one complete real quick and

then I'll get back to you

so once verification is complete you can

see that it actually did find some stuff

wrong so the way that we fix that is by

simply typing sfc space and then forward

slash scan now and then what that will

do is it'll go through and actually do a

system scan unfortunately do the

verification phase again but once it

finishes the verification phase it will

actually fix the problem so I'm going to

go ahead and let this one finish again

and this time we'll have it fix whatever

Integrity violations it found and then

we'll move on to the next command

okay there we go now it finished up it

said it found corrupt files and

successfully repaired them so we can

move on to the next one however if for

whatever reason it found corrupted files

but was unable to fix them that's where

dism comes in now di SM simply stands

for the deployment Imaging servicing and

management tool and this one right here

I'm not going to get into this tool

right now because I did an entire video

on how to do this so I'm going to go

ahead and just direct you to that videos

because I give a much more detailed

explanation of sfc and dism in that

video however if you ever do run into

that problem that's how you fix it is

with dism now the next command we're

going to look at is check disk and this

is a way where you can check your hard

drive for different errors and to run it

all you do is type in

chkdsk for check disk and then there's a

couple different switches you can use if

you want you can always hit switch

question mark and be able to get all the

different switches all at once however

the ones that you're going to need most

of the time are going to be be switch F

which checks the file system itself or

switch R which actually checks for bad

sectors now switch R is automatically

going to imply switch F was used in the

first place so I typically use switch R

because you know it gives a more

thorough scan of the drive however

switch F will be faster but it won't

check for bad sectors now the next

command that we're going to look at is

system info and essentially it does

exactly what you think it does we're

going to type in system info

and it'll go through and it'll run all

the different information for your

system itself so if we're going to go

ahead and scroll through here you'll be

able to see all the different things

about this system not only the operating

system information but also different

Hardware information like for instance

the kind of processor the system has the

amount of memory the system has and even

the time zone that the system is set up

to use so this is a really useful tool

if you just want basic system

information for the computer that you're

currently using so as you can see there

are several commands that are extremely

important for repairing systems however

the command prompt also comes in really

handy when you're troubleshooting

network problems so let's jump back on

the computer and I'll show you some of

the most commonly used commands for

Network troubleshooting

okay so just like before we're going to

type CLS to clear our screen here and

I'm going to show you some really basic

commands for Network troubleshooting now

the first one that everyone should know

is ipconfig so if you type in IP

config

first off I would highly recommend that

you spell it right and to do that you

type in IP

config and it'll go ahead and give you

your IP information so as you can see

here it shows my my DNS right here and

I'm going to have this blanked out right

here but on yours you'll have your own

specific one it'll also show you your

local addresses your local IP addresses

for your system now if you want to have

more information than that you can also

go ipconfig switch all and it'll give

you a ton of information including your

physical physical Mac address as well as

a bunch of different IPS even comes down

and gives you your DNS servers that

you're currently using as well as when

your lease was obtained and when it

expires for your IP address itself now

speaking of your lease if for whatever

reason you need to renew your lease for

your IP address then what you would do

is you would type ikey ipconfig and then

you would use the switch and you would

do release and what this will do is

essentially boot you off the internet

now to get back what you're going to

want to do is go ahead and type in renew

and it'll go ahead and connect back to

the internet and get a new IP address

for you and there we go now some of the

other switches for ipconfig that can

come in handy is for instance you can

view your DNS cache and if you want to

do that you go ahead and hit ipconfig

switch

display DNS and this will go ahead and

it'll show you your DNS cache these are

all the different DNS requests that

Windows has made in order to associate

different domain names to different IP

addresses now if you want you can flush

the DNS cache if you're having problems

with your DNS which happens a lot more

often than you might think so we're

going to go ahead and hit up Arrow again

to get our Command back and we're going

to type in

flush DNS and what that will do is it

will essentially flush the DNS cache

that we just looked at before so if we

run that again you can see there is no

DNS cache because we flushed it now

moving on we're going to look at the

command netstat so if we type in netstat

now I'm going to use the switch

which in this case it uses a dash for

switch instead of a forward slash we're

going to type a n and what that's going

to show us is it's going to show us all

of the different ports that are open on

our system right now so if we come up

here if we scroll through this you can

see that all of these different ports

right here are currently listening and

some actually have things established on

that Porsche that Port specifically so

you can get all of your Port information

and the different IP addresses that are

connected to that Port right here so as

you can see we do have some remote IP

addresses that are currently connected

on different ports now speaking of

different IP addresses what we're going

to do is we're going to go ahead and

we're going to look at the Ping command

now what the Ping command does is it

essentially sends some random packets

just to be able to test if we're getting

network connectivity between two IP

addresses so what I'm going to do is I'm

going to type ping

8.8.8.8 and what this is this is Google

right here so if we hit enter it's going

to to go ahead and ping Google four

times so by default it always sends four

ping requests however if for whatever

reason you decide you want to make more

than that then what you can do is you

can type in ping dash n and then give it

a specific number so I'm going to type

in five and then I'm going to type in

8.8.8.8 again and we're going to hit

enter and in this case what it's going

to do is it's actually going to make

five ping requests to Google instead of

the four now let's say that you don't

want to have to deal with that you just

want it to Ping continuously forever now

the way you would do that is you would

go ping

Dash t

and then you would type the IP address

you wanted to Ping and then hit enter

and at this point it will ping forever

or at least until it's interrupted now

if you want to interrupt this command

all you have to do is go ahead and hit

Ctrl C and it'll interrupt it and at

that point it'll give you the the

rundown of what it found any packets

that it lost or whatever the minimum

maximum and average milliseconds were

now the next one that we're going to

move on to is path ping now what this is

going to do is this is going to give you

all of the different routers that are

connected between you and the IP address

that you want to find so for that we're

going to type in pathping

and we're going to use the same IP

address Google we're going to hit enter

and then what it's going to do is it's

going to go through all of the different

IP addresses that it has to go to in

order to get to that IP address and as

you can see there's quite a few right

here that it has to jump through but

it'll give you all the different jumps

that need to happen before it can reach

the IP address that you're asking it to

look for okay so the next command we're

going to look at now is going to be a

command called tracert and this

essentially just means trace route but

it's spelled Trace RT or tracert and

we're going to go ahead and hit enter

we're going to type 8.8.8.8 again and

hit enter again and what this does is

essentially the same thing as ping path

but this one gives us a little bit more

information like for instance it gives

us it gives us the milliseconds in which

it takes to respond to the different

servers that it goes through

But ultimately it's going to give us the

same information that we got from ping

path before now one option that you can

make also is if you type Dash D for

Tracer it won't actually resolve the DNS

numbers and as you can see I did it

wrong here you have to put it before the

IP address not after it so if we put

Dash D here it'll go ahead and do the

same thing again but it won't resolve

the the domain names themselves so it'll

make the app kind of go a little bit

quicker so it'll get to the end a little

bit faster

so as you can see there are tons of

things that you can do from within the

command prompt in fact there are many

tasks that you can only do from the

command prompt so don't be afraid to

familiarize yourself with DOS commands

they can be extremely helpful and also

if there are any commands that you think

I should have mentioned then make sure

that you mention them down in the

comments below I may make a sequel to

this video now earlier in the video I

said that I did a much better video on

sfc and dism if you'd like to check that

video out then go ahead and click here

there's also a second part to that video

that shows how to do the same thing from

recovery believe it or not it's two

different processes as always you guys

have a great day