All language subtitles for Cold.Case.Forensics.S01E02.The.Murder.of.Lynette.White.1080p.HDTV.H264-DARKFLiX

NICOLA WALKER: They are the murders
that shook the nation.

REPORTER: The savagery
of this murder

has shocked
even the most hardened detectives.

REPORTER: He was attacked
by this bus stop, by a racist mob.

REPORTER: This flat
was the scene of a horrific killing.

For decades, the truth lay hidden,
and the killers evaded justice.

Until one woman took up the hunt.

Angela has solved some of the
biggest cases in British history.

Dr Angela Gallop is
a world-leading forensic scientist.

I've clone a lot of work

with forensic scientists,
but she's the best.

She led the team
and set the standard.

She put the bar where it was.

She's helped solve
hundreds of high-profile cold-cases,

finding clues
where others have failed.

Without the forensic input,

the murder
would never have been solved.

Now, Dr Gallop is opening
her extraordinary casebook

to reveal the forensic secrets

behind some of the country's
most infamous crimes,

and how they caught the killers

who thought
they'd got away with murder.

It's a puzzle
that you have to solve.

Every contact leaves a trace.

It's just whether or not
we are clever enough to find it.

Tonight, a murder where the traces
of the killer went undiscovered

for over a decade.

She was a young girl
who was brutally murdered.

How did Angela and her team
use ground-breaking forensics

to finally solve one of Britain's
most controversial cases?

You talk about
A Nightmare On Elm Street,

well, this was a nightmare
on James Street.

The murder of Lynette White
was a brutal murder.

There was over 50 stab wounds,

and she was left lying in what was
pretty much a desolate flat,

in the clocks area.

The crime scene
was on top of a betting shop.

Ancl it was a small flat.

It had a dirty mattress
on the floor.

It had a cardboard box
with used condoms.

Not much else in the room.

There was this
arterial spray of blood on the wall.

A sad scene, a sad end.

She was quite a bubbly little girl,
very pretty.

Generally nice, nice kid,
nice person.

She'd had problems
from early childhood,

and there was never guidance
in her life.

Lynette White
was only 20 years old.

She'd had a difficult upbringing

and was working as a prostitute
in the docks area of Cardiff.

It's easy to label people
without actually knowing them.

You don't know what has coerced them
into doing things.

You don't know anything
about their life.

She was a young girl
who was brutally murdered.

The investigation
into Lynette White's murder

was to be tainted by accusations
of racism and corruption.

Witnesses were bullied by police,

and a false confession led to one
of the worst miscarriages of justice

in British legal history.

A suspect with bloodstained clothes

who was seen near the flat
was white,

but all the men the police arrested
were Black.

They would become known
by campaigners as the Cardiff Five.

You know, when they're telling you
something like this and, you know,

a girl had been stabbed
50 to 70 times...

You know, "Don't put this on me."

But they did.
That's what they wanted to do.

There was nothing we could do.

There wasn't a shred of evidence
connecting forensically

these people to the murder.

Something had gone wrong.

With their convictions overturned,
the failure to catch the real killer

was a stain on South Wales Police

and left a shadow
hanging over the community.

In 1999,
11 years after Lynette's murder,

a fresh team of detectives
from the force

launched a last-ditch attempt
to find the real killer.

That's where we turned to what we
saw has been the best in the field.

"Angela Gallop,
how can you help us?"

And the work that Angela Gallop
and her team would do

to help solve Lynette's murder

was to change
the way forensic science is used

to crack
seemingly unsolvable crimes.

You learn something new
in every case, but, my goodness,

we learnt a lot
from this particular one.

I'll never forget the first time

that I walked
into a forensic science lab.

I noticed that there was
this orangey-red staining

inside a fume cupboard and then on
the side wall and bench next to it.

Ancl I remember thinking to myself,
"My goodness, is that blood?"

You know,
"What is it what they do in here?"

You know, "Do they have body
parts in here? What on earth is it?"

Ancl then I noticed that there was
a washing line across one corner

at the back of the lab,

on which obviously
bloodstained clothing was hanging,

and this sort of
kind of made the whole thing worse.

Ancl I, in that laboratory,
I was to be the first woman

who actually did the full range
of forensic activities,

including going to court.

I don't think my boss
was very keen on it at the time.

And I remember
the very first clay I was there,

he wasted no time in telling me

that he didn't really believe
in women doing this kind of work.

But as ever, I think I just thought
to myself,

"Well, I'll show you.
I'll show you what I can do."

By 1999, Angela had helped solve
hundreds of high-profile crimes,

but the 1988 murder
of Lynette White

was to be
her first major cold case.

Angela knew that, at its heart,

there was not only an intensely
complicated forensic puzzle,

but also the shadow of
a terrible miscarriage of justice.

I was very angry
with the police investigation

because, initially,
when Lynette's body was found,

there was a photo fit.

And there was
lots of news articles about...

A man was found
outside 7 James Street,

and he was in a dishevelled state
with blood on his hands.

Here we are,
looking for this white man...

...and then suddenly, I'm in a
police station with five Black men.

It was just amazing and unbelievable

how one white man can suddenly
turn into five Black men.

In 1990, john Actie
and his cousin, Ronnie Actie,

were acquitted
of taking part in the killing.

But they had
spent almost two years in custody

on remand, awaiting trial.

I am bitter. I am broke.

The Actie cousins were free.

Justice again, justice again.

But the others,

Yusef Abdul la hi, Stephen Miller,
and Tony Paris,

were found guilty.

The Cardiff Five,
as their supporters had called them,

now became the Cardiff Three.

REPORTER: How do the family feel
now?

How do you think they feel?
What do you mean how they feel?

Is that justice?

But the convictions
stood for just two years.

In 1992,
the Court of Appeal ruled

that a gross miscarriage of justice
had taken place.

Lacking evidence,

false confessions had been forced
by police in bullying interviews.

The Cardiff Three were released.

There's so much anger and upset,

and, yes, it's a sheer miscarriage
of justice, sheer miscarriage.

If they had forensic,
believe you me, we would've had it.

There wasn't any, and that's it.

This was the case
which faced Angela Gallop.

Men wrongly accused,
a woman's family without justice,

and from the original investigation,

not a trace of forensics
to identify a suspect.

A human tragedy
centred on the murder in a flat

in Cardiff's James Street.

I think when I'm getting to grips
with a particular case,

particularly a complex one
with lots of moving parts in it,

I've sort of a rather pictorial
mind, and I love diagrams of things,

and I'm often just sketching out
connections between things.

I find it much easier to do that
and then, at a glance,

I can bring myself back
to the totality of the case.

Cos it's really important
when you're doing these cases,

at one level, you're looking
down at the case from above.

So, you're looking at all
the different component parts of it

and all the different, you know,
potential links.

And then the next moment,

you're right down in the weeds,
right down actually, saying,

"We'll look for that particular
thing, for this particular thing."

So, you're right down there

and all the time,
you're swapping between the two,

you're swapping between your
diagram, this overarching view...

...and then the minutiae
of the work that you're doing

at that particular moment.

I find diagrams a really good way of
kind of controlling that process.

In this particular case,
the first thing we were asked to do

was to review the
original investigation of the case.

Ancl so that's what we did.

We looked at everything that had
been clone by the original scientists

and just gave our opinion
about that.

Ancl I think, looking back at that,
the main thing that struck me

was that
they had a sketchy understanding

of the blood patterns at the flat,

and it had told them enough
to know where the attack had started

and probably
where Lynette's throat had been cut.

Ancl then also the fact
that her body had been moved,

where probably the bulk
of the attack then took place.

But it didn't really
tell you anything

about how the attacker
might have got out afterwards.

If you know what happened
between a victim and suspect,

and the kind of contact

that they are likely
to have had with each other,

it'll tell you where to look
for what sorts of traces

of that contact between them.

There was a lot of blood
at the murder scene.

Most belonged to Lynette.

There was, though, some
which belonged to another person.

It appeared to match
a female friend of Lynette's

who had falsely testified
to being a witness to the murder.

But there was one test,

which was carried out
about a year after the murder,

that suggested that the blood
had to belong to someone else.

One of the many DNA type tests

that were clone subsequent
to that initial investigation

indicated that this blood,
this foreign blood,

looked as though
it had come from a man, not a woman.

It gave a result indicating
that it contained the Y chromosome,

which you only find in men or males.

That was certainly something
that we noticed at an early stage.

If this foreign blood
belonged to a man, who was he?

And with more than a decade
now passed since the murder,

how would the forensic team find
new evidence to track him down?

We knew it wasn't those ones
who were arrested.

We were looking for somebody
absolutely clean.

Ancl my main goal initially

was to ensure
that we developed a DNA profile.

So, the key thing about this case

was to find
some more of this foreign blood.

Blood that hadn't come from Lynette,
and might conceivably be connected,

and might conceivably have come
from the offender

because with so many stab wounds,
such a violent and prolonged attack,

it is not that unusual for
the offender to injure themselves.

So, that was
the natural starting point.

NICOLA WALKER:
Forensic scientist Dr Angela Gallop

is an expert in cracking cold-cases.

In 1999,
she was asked to find new evidence

in the murder of Lynette White in
Cardiff, more than a decade before.

The case files noted
that a great deal of Lynette's blood

had been found on the walls
of the flat in which she died.

There had also been a small amount
of blood

from an unidentified stranger.

But the forensic searches
of the crime scene back in 1988

had left Angela's team
with a major problem.

The police had clone an excellent job

in looking for fingerprints
throughout the flat

and had sprayed a lot of
the wallpaper with this chemical,

called ninhydrin,
which brings up fingerprints

and it turns them
from something you can't really see

to sort of
a bright, purplish colour,

so it makes them really visible.

So, they'd sprayed
all of the wallpaper

where we had these blood patterns
and a lot of the blood.

Ancl unfortunately,
ninhydrin completely destroys DNA...

SHE LAUGHS

...so you can't then analyse it
properly.

The focus for the original
investigation would've been

blood grouping and fingerprints.

DNA wasn't in the game.

To uncover traces of the killer,

the forensic team
would have to find blood

which had not been affected
by the search for fingerprints.

Although more than a decade
had passed since the murder,

the hunt had to begin at the flat.

The first thing you need to do
is to understand as much as you can

about what happened
at the crime scene...

...and it's very, very useful
often to go back to the crime scene

to get that geography and topography
of it,

so you can imagine what it was
like...

...because sometimes
there are clues in there.

There might be
little hints of something

which they didn't follow up
at the time

because maybe
they didn't just notice them,

or maybe
they didn't have the techniques

to be able to do it at that time.

We went there in the evening,
in the dark...

...so that it would sort of, er,
replicate the murder scene.

I had all the crime scene
photographs as well,

so I could
kind of picture the crime scene.

Ancl even though
the place had been painted twice

in the intervening years,

I could picture what the bloodstain
had been like

at the time of the crime.

She was looking at it, erm,
totally from the science side of it.

There was
lots of measurements taken.

When we left that flat,
she had a good idea of that scene,

and that was the start
of where we went

and discussed on where we thought
we could find some evidence.

Angela took her measurements
and notes

and used the bloodstained wallpaper
from the flat

to reconstruct the crime scene.

So, that's three...
This is... This is right by the bed.

OK.
This one.

She worked with her colleague,
April Robson,

to analyse what the patterns
told them about the attack,

and where they might be able
to search for fresh evidence.

20 years on, Angela and April
are re-enacting their experiment.

When we came along, trying to
understand the scene, we thought,

"One of the best ways of doing that
is through all the blood patterns

"that are captured
on these wallpaper strips.

"So, what if we recreate the crime
scene with these wallpaper strips?"

And so April and I
got a whole set of office dividers

together in a large room,

and we erected them
in roughly the same shape and size

as the original flat had been in.

Ancl then we stuck up the bits
of wallpaper on the dividers.

And in this way,
we could recreate the crime scene.

Angela is extremely different
to any reporting forensic scientist

that I've ever come across before.

Yes, somewhere like that cos we've
got to get the other two in as well.

She definitely had ideas for
developing new ways of thinking.

Let's just have a look.
Ah, this looks like something.

I'd never encountered
anything like this before.

When she first talked to us about
her interpretation of the scene...

...it was like something from a film.

It was compelling.

By using the scene photographs,

and the position of Lynette's body
within the scene,

we tried to sort of identify

how somebody would've
maybe moved about within the scene

to decide which areas
to target for DNA.

You've got this patch of blood
staining,

and then there was
that little alcove, wasn't there,

beyond the chimney breast?

I think this was the chimney breast
here, wasn't it? Yeah.

Ancl then there was a bed here,
the single bed. Yeah.

Ancl that was the only thing
that there was in the room.

I think
this is where the attack started

and where some of the worst injuries
that Lynette received

were inflicted.

When your artery is breached,

you often get these very heavy drops
of blood, which are then...

The sort of... The splashes,
the stains, are too heavy.

They've got too much blood in them

to remain as distinct
sort of shapes, oval shapes,

so you get these
runs of blood that come off them.

Ancl that's exactly what happens
with arterial spurting.

We know
it was quite a frenzied attack

because of Lynette's injuries...
Mm.

...and we knew
that somebody was bleeding.

So this, all this, could be part
of the attacker's blood. Mm.

It's a reflection of the fact
it was a very dynamic attack,

and it looks as though she
certainly tried to fight him off.

Doing this sort of analysis
that Angela Gallop was excellent on,

on describing
where the deposits of evidence were

and where the impact of acts
would have come to that.

That's crime scene interpretation.

She, by looking at this placement
of the blood,

was even to tell the story
of what would've happened

with the assailant.

That was extremely powerful.

It's relatively easy,

after the blood from the victim
has started to flow

and has coated the knife,
the handle, and the blade,

for the offender's hand
to slip down off the handle

onto the cutting edge of the blade,

and then their blood can then
get scattered around at the scene.

The spots here
all look like cast-off blood,

so they've been cast off something
which is bleeding

or something
with a lot of wet blood on it.

So that would either be Lynette,

but we suspected in this case
that, actually, if we were lucky,

we might be able to find some more

of this
potentially offender-type blood.

And so anything which could
have intercepted a droplet of blood

from him would be great, that hadn't
been treated for fingerprints.

It was really critical.

We would
look at the crime scene photographs,

we had the crime scene there.

Ancl we knew the position of the body
where it was found.

So, it was that context.

"Well, what's near it?"
What was near it?

From the scene photographs,

we knew that the right shoe was sort
of down in this sort of location.

And, interestingly, that was where
the cellophane was recovered.

It was a top of a cigarette packet,
which potentially is interesting

because there'd never been any
talk of anybody smoking in the flat.

There was one particular stain
on that cellophane

amongst all the contact
smeared staining,

one particular round stain

that could
conceivably be from the offender

because it was cast off blood.

It had been blood
created into a droplet

that then flew through the air
and landed on the cellophane,

as it can land on the wall
and produce a directional splash

or if it lands head-on,
it'll produce a round spot.

So, terribly important
understanding blood patterns

to give you
a clue of what's happened here,

but give you a clue, too, where
to look for certain blood stains,

or blood stains from certain people.

The cellophane wrapper showed up
in the crime scene photographs,

but had previously
been deemed so insignificant

that it had been ignored.

Until now.

"Have we got that?
Have we photographed that?"

We had it.

We'd photographed it.
We'd never examined it.

Ancl that's where Cellophane Man
started.

Angela decided to try and look

to see if there was anything
on that cellophane

that could give us a DNA profile.

I remember her showing me the photos

of the blood staining
on the cellophane

and her pointing out
a particular stain

that she would really like
to be DNA-tested.

We DNA-profiled that, and we got a
nearly full male profile from it.

Because the foreign blood,
our foreign blood,

was first identified
on the cellophane,

we called him Cellophane Man.

It was a massive breakthrough.

But of course,
life being what it is,

once you get something,
you want a bit more, don't you?

I thought, "Right, I want it now.
I want to know who this is.

"Cellophane Man.
We are looking for Cellophane Man.

"That's the guy!"

NICOLA WALKER: The murder of
Lynette White had remained unsolved

for more than a decade

when cold case forensic expert
Dr Angela Gallop

was brought in to support
a new police investigation.

After reconstructing
the crime scene,

the team got its first breakthrough.

Cellophane from a cigarette wrapper
found near Lynette's body

had been examined, and revealed
the DNA of the prime suspect.

The investigators dubbed him
Cellophane Man.

Detectives now had to test
the Cellophane Man profile

against the DNA of the five men
originally charged with the crime.

This was a difficulty that we...
that we had.

They've been affected by this case.

We had to make sure
that they didn't think

that we were looking at them again.

South Wales Police are evil.
SHOUTING: No justice!

No justice!
Evil beyond belief.

We felt that
some of the police still felt that

the Cardiff Five could have
been responsible for the murder.

Ancl so one of the first things
we did

when we got Cellophane Man's profile

was to compare that
against their DNA profiles.

But it matched
absolutely none of them.

It was nothing to do with them.

INDISTINCT SHOUTING

When I heard about
the reinvestigation,

I was, you know,
really happy because, erm...

obviously, I wanted them
to catch the killer, erm...

for the reason is
the guy killed someone.

He shouldn't be on the streets.

Ancl the second reason is
to make us righteous again,

you know what I mean?

Because all the fingers
was pointing at us.

You know, "They was lucky."

It was, you know,
"There's no smoke without fire."

That kind of stuff, you know?

To be able to demonstrate
that the DNA could not be from them,

I hope was some sort of relief
to them.

But it left us in a slight quandary,
if it's not them, well, who is it?

The Cellophane Man DNA provided
a partial profile of a man.

While it told the team
that the Cardiff Five were innocent,

it did not show them
who had killed Lynette.

Angela needed to find more
of the killer's blood

to link him directly to the murder.

I had the scenes
of crime photographs in front of me,

and we were all thinking
about what we could do.

We needed to find
a pattern of blood staining

on and around the body
and on the exit route.

We knew that there was some
foreign blood at the crime scene,

so it wasn't all Lynette's.

So we had to look for new samples
of blood staining.

And so one of the things
that we decided to do

was to have a look
at the skirting board.

Because we could see
in the crime scenes,

in these crime scenes,
we could see here

that there was some blood
on the skirting board itself.

Some of that hadn't been affected
by the chemical testing,

and so some of that might actually,
if it's still there,

might actually give us
a route in to the offender.

Angela had the idea that
we would bring the skirting board

into the laboratory and
see if that blood was still there.

The whole flat had been renovated.

It had been clone up immaculately.

So, I had to ask the landlord,

"Could we have
this piece of skirting board?"

Ancl I remember
when he brought it into the lab,

and we started looking under the
microscope at the layers of paint.

I think it was
maybe even three layers,

so it could have been painted
at least three times.

April Robson did it so carefully.

Because if we went too shallow,

we would never have exposed
any of the blood

that we hoped
would still be there.

But also, not to go too deep
when we would have disrupted it all,

and we wouldn't have, you know,
been able to collect

a proper sample from it.

There was always the chance
that the blood had been wiped away

before it had been repainted.

But it's... it's never say never.
You should always try these things.

It took a long time to do that.

You know, clays,
if not a couple of weeks.

Ancl all under the microscope.

All incredibly sort of
careful work with the scalpel.

Luckily for us,
that blood hadn't been washed away,

it had just been painted over.

We were able to swab a bit
from there.

And then we noticed
that there must have been a point

where the skirting board
hadn't met the wall properly,

and there was a little gap between
the wall and the skirting board.

Ancl as it so happens,

some blood had dripped down between
the gap in the board and the wall.

Ancl so that gave us
a little more blood to try.

And so we DNA-profiled
both of those.

Ancl we were very pleased to find
that they matched

the foreign male blood
on the cellophane.

So now we were starting
to get somewhere.

It was absolutely amazing.
It was fantastic.

Each time they found
something extra,

it improved our chances
of getting that full profile.

But Angela and April now wanted
to know what could be revealed

from the blood patterns
left by the killer's escape.

What was very important is that
there was no electricity,

so there was no lighting
other than street lighting.

So, there was two street lights
directly outside the flat.

There was no lighting inside,

and, certainly, on the landing,
the bulb had gone.

So whoever was in that room
was going to fumble their way around

because it was quite a small space.

When the attacker
turned his back on Lynette

and started walking out of the room,
he must have been walking,

effectively,
into what was pitch black.

Angela and April used
the bloodstains on the walls

to trace the killer's escape
down the stairs.

A crime scene photo

showed a distinctive smear of blood
on the front door.

This, too, had been covered over

when the building
had been repainted.

Using the photographs,
we could actually determine

where we had to look
very specifically. Yeah.

Yeah. And I think
it was this darker stain here

that actually gave us
the starting point. Yeah.

So, that was
a really important finding, that.

Crucially, the mark which the killer
had left on the front door

contained both his DNA
and Lynette's,

and therefore directly linked
Cellophane Man to the murder.

Now what was important
was to show

that, actually, there was some
of this on Lynette's body itself,

so we were very interested
in Lynette's clothing.

But, of course, that was absolutely
saturated in her own blood,

so we had to choose
some specific areas to test.

We knew by looking at
some of the very discreet stains

within the photographs

that there was potentially some
foreign blood on Lynette's clothing.

So it was very important
for us to determine

where on her clothing
it may have been deposited.

Lynette had been manhandled
in a particular way,

not only dragged across the room
to where she was finally found,

but also manhandled to the extent
that her clothing,

her upper clothing, was not
in the position you would expect.

One of her arms had come
out of the sleeve of the jacket,

and the jacket then pulled
across the top of her body

such that the back of the jacket
was over...

was covering the front of her body.

In order to do that...

He's gonna have to make contact...
I've had to pull on that.

Yeah. So, the right cuff
is absolutely somewhere to look at.

Yeah.

'So, this is very classic
of Angela.

'She wanted me to wear a
very similar sweatshirt and jacket,'

and we carried out experiments
to determine how the jacket

sort of got into the position
that Lynette was found.

This is the best way to do it,

always to recreate things,
reconstruct things.

It's much the best way
of understanding what you can do,

what you can't do, what's possible,
what's not possible.

OK.
That's what he looks like.

That's how it ended up.
Ancl then that sitting there.

Yep.
Yeah.

Working together,
we managed to work out how...

her jacket in particular
would have got into the position

that it was found
when her body was found.

Ancl that helped us pinpoint
the areas that, er...

that we should be looking at
in more detail with DNA profiling.

It told us that, actually,
a very good place was to look

on one cuff in particular,

and in a particular area
on that cuff.

Ancl then I think
there are one or two other areas

that we also looked, erm...

and we found
the offender DNA profile

on both the sweatshirt
and the jacket.

Ancl it was
because of this experiment,

because of this reconstruction,
this manhandling reconstruction.

Absolutely how that arm is.
Mm-hm, yeah.

Brilliant.

Brilliant!

So, now we had Cellophane Man's DNA

on, obviously,
the cellophane that we started with,

we had it on the skirting board
behind where Lynette's body was.

We had it on her clothing,
on her sweatshirt and her jacket,

and we had it just outside the door
to the bedroom where she was killed.

And we had it
at the top of the staircase,

down which the offender
would have to have gone.

Ancl we had it mixed
with Lynette's own blood

on the inside of the front door

through which the offender
would have had to pass

to get out into the street.

So, in other words,
we had enough evidence there.

We had the right sort of pattern
to show the Cellophane Man DNA

was intimately connected
with Lynette White's death.

So, now the question arose again,
who was Cellophane Man?

Ancl how could we find him?

NICOLA WALKER: Forensic scientist
Dr Angela Gallop was investigating

the 1988 murder of Lynette White
in Cardiff.

Reviewing the murder as a cold case
more than a decade later,

Angela and her team had found blood
from the killer

and extracted his DNA.

As the blood was first found
on wrapping from a cigarette packet,

the murderer had become known
to the team as Cellophane Man.

Having the killer's DNA

was the biggest breakthrough
in the case for 14 years.

But there was a problem.

The search of the DNA database
proved fruitless.

There was nobody on the DNA database

that matched the profile
of Cellophane Man.

So, the police decided to hold
a mass screen,

which is basically
collecting together, erm...

a subset of the local population,
a sort of large number of people,

and screening their blood just to
see if they could find it that way.

But that didn't work either.

South Wales Police had a...

quite a radical, different way
of looking at it

in terms of introducing something
called familial DNA testing.

A familial DNA search meant going
back to the National Database

and looking for anyone
whose DNA suggested

they may be a blood relative
of Cellophane Man.

To narrow down the search,

the team looked for people
in South Wales

who shared the rarest part
of the Cellophane Man DNA...

...a component called FGA 27.

In doing this, the police reported
that there were 600 profiles

containing this one component.

So, that was, like, the first time,
I've got to be honest, I thought...

"We're gonna get him."

Because if it had been thousands,
if it had been tens of thousands,

we would have got to him eventually,
but it wasn't tens of thousands.

The team then took the 600 profiles
which contained FGA 27

and analysed them
for further elements in common

with Cellophane Man.

One match stood out
head and shoulders above the rest.

This had come
from a 14-year-old boy

who hadn't even been born
at the time of Lynette's killing.

Erm, but... And just happened
to have got onto the database.

I think it was through
some fairly minor misdemeanour.

I mean,
he must have had his DNA taken,

but it was nothing major.

It was just amazing that his profile
was on the database at all.

So, we hit on this young boy,

we work through his family,
and it's not quite a match,

we're not getting it.

The police took a sample
from the father.

Erm... He wasn't a match,
but he was very close.

Ancl I think all the time,

while we're getting this family
and the closeness repeated,

we're getting
slightly more confident

that this might well be
the family that we need.

And then the police discovered
that the father had a brother,

who had been a recluse
for a number of years.

I don't think the family
had seen much of him.

We go to see him,
we get that sample.

Ancl I... I remember these times
quite vividly,

and I never thought
we'd get to this.

I just... I just...

I'm thinking this is, like...
It's incredible.

It was a fantastic feeling.
It was so exciting.

So, we had quite
a nervous number of hours' wait

whilst the DNA profile was obtained.

And I remember vividly sitting
next to the machine,

as his DNA profile was
coming through.

And I had Cellophane Man's profile
in my hand.

And then I was watching the coloured
bands coming through on the machine.

And I could look at those,

and I could work out from the
spacing of the bands on the machine

that, yes, this looked as though
it was indeed Cellophane Man.

We had got him at last.

Ancl his name was
Jeffrey Charles Gafoor.

Jeffrey Gafoor was a security guard
living just outside Cardiff.

His DNA matched the killer's,
and finally, after 15 years,

there was a face to match
the Photofit.

The police put him
under surveillance

to give themselves time
to prepare for the interviews.

Because there'd been
so much criticism

of the original interviews,

we had to have the absolute
perfect interview setup.

So we needed time.

Well, time wasn't on our side.
It was simple as that.

I remember telling my wife,
"We've got him."

Ancl Brent Parry rings me up.
He says, erm...

"He's gone into a couple of shops,
he's buying paracetamol tablets,

"amongst other things.

"Erm... What are we going to do?"

Either he's got
a hell of a headache,

or he's gonna do something.

So, I said, "We've got to move."

So, that's my instructions
to the surveillance team.

They arrest him.

And he says,
"I've been waiting for this.

"I deserve to be punished."

I think he said, "I deserve to die.
I've taken the paracetamol."

I think he said
he took 64 paracetamol tablets.

So, he was rushed to hospital.

He was close to death,

but er...

we saved him, and we took him back.

Please state your full name
and date of birth.

Jeffrey Charles Gafoor.
28th of the fifth, '65.

The reason for this interview...

...is because you have been arrested
for the murder of Lynette White.

'A security guard has been charged
with the murder of Lynette White.

'Jeffrey Gafoor was arrested
at his home in Llanharan,

'near Bridgend, over the weekend.'

NEWSREEL: 'Gafoor was convicted
of killing Lynette White

'15 years after her death.'

NEWSREEL: 'DNA evidence brought
a confession from Jeffrey Gafoor

'for Lynette's murder.'

The clay they caught him,
and it was just, like, "Oh, my God."

Eh? It was, like, unbelievable,
you know?

So, the reinvestigation
by South Wales Police,

oh, it was a good thing.
It was really good.

The forensic...
absolutely top drawer, top drawer.

'Good evening.

'Jeffrey Gafoor murdered
prostitute Lynette White

'in what a judge described as,
"a terrible and vicious fashion."

'Today, 15 years after Lynette died,

'Gafoor has been jailed for life.'

In July 2003,

Jeffrey Gafoor admitted in court
to murdering Lynette White...

...although he never explained
why he had killed her.

The painstaking forensic
investigation,

which had brought him to justice,
had taken four years.

But Angela and her team
had finally uncovered the clues

to reveal exactly what happened
on that dark Valentine's Day

in Cardiff in 1988.

If it wasn't for Angela
and her team,

he wouldn't be in jail.

Do you know what I'm saying?

Because the DNA,
without them sorting it out,

he might still be on the road.

He'd still be out there.

In a forensic career
stretching back almost 50 years,

Dr Angela Gallop
has never had the chance to meet up

with anyone proven innocent
by her work.

She's come to Cardiff
to meet john Actie.

Nice to meet you.
Pleased to meet you.

The clay they said that
they got Gafoor, I was so happy.

I was... I can remember...

I can't imagine
what it would have been like.

Oh, it was... Yeah, you know.
Ancl it was...

"I told you so, by the way."
Yeah!

THEY LAUGH

Yeah, well, exactly.
I was, like, you know,

"I told you, I told you", you know?
Yeah.

It just highlights, you know...
Yeah.

...the rots justice we had, you know?
Absolutely.

What happened to us. And, er...
Absolutely.

The DNA... We're so grateful,
and we're so grateful for, erm...

you know, the South Wales Police
for reinvestigating it.

Do you still have...

I don't know
whether to call them flashbacks

or what to call them, really,

but bad memories about the...
Oh, yeah!

I imagine you have...
Yeah, yeah, yeah.

I have very bad memories.
Yeah, yeah,

You sit in a flat, you know,
thinking about it, "Why me?"

Just being back in that moment.
Yeah, back in that moment.

You know, all different things,
you know, like,

sometimes, I've got to keep
my telly on in the night.

Do you know what I mean? Because if
the telly goes off, and I wakes up,

I think I'm in a cell.

Do you know?
It's that kind of thing.

You release them little...
Yeah.

So, it's a sort of life sentence
in a way, isn't it?

Oh, definitely. Oh, definitely.
But just... Yeah.

It's been a long, long, long...

I really feel...

vindicated now,
and everything is, er...

Mm.
..Is a lot better.

It's doubly satisfying when you can
find and provide the evidence

which leaves you in no doubt
of the guilt of someone,

and, at the same time,
exonerates other people

who have previously
been convicted of the crime.

The Lynette White case was
the first time that's ever happened,

and so it made legal history
to that extent.

It made forensic science history

because it's the first time
that someone was convicted

on the basis of a familial search
of the National DNA Database.

Ancl it's also led to
the routine recording of interviews

with suspects in serious cases.

The Lynette White investigation
was a cold case

which had broken new ground.

But, most importantly, it had
delivered justice for Lynette,

a 20-year-old
who had been through hard times,

but had her whole life ahead of her.

I literally still pray for Lynette.

There is no way
that I will ever forget.

She didn't need to be murdered.
She didn't need to die.

She had her life ahead of her.

Lynette was so young,

and I don't think that anybody
could possibly read all about that

and not be moved by it and
think what a terrible waste of life.

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