All language subtitles for S29E08 - Flying Water Bikes; Throttle Position Sensors; Cinnamon Cordial; Handmade Rasps (1080p AMZN WEB-DL x265 Garshasp)_track4_[eng]
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--captions by vitac--
Www.Vitac.Com
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Captions paid for by
Discovery communications
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Narrator: looking to get high
On a new water sport?
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Well, you literally can
Riding a flying water bike.
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It attaches with a long hose
To the back of a jet ski,
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Elevating you up to almost
40 feet above the water
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Where you can perform
Aerial flips and spins.
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The jet ski's water thrust
Feeds three jet nozzles
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On the flying water bike.
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One propels the bike upward.
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The other two feed jet control
Nozzles that maneuver the bike.
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The bike's frame is made
Out of aluminum parts
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Because it has to be lightweight
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As well as relatively
Corrosion-resistant,
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Especially if it is going
To be used in saltwater.
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This curved tube
Will become the lifting jet.
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To build each
Jet control nozzle,
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A worker places a housing
On an alignment fixture
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Then hammers an endcap
Into position.
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Holding the housing steady
With a clamp,
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The worker welds on the endcap.
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This housing will cover
The bushing at the heart
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Of the jet-control nozzle.
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He inserts an elbow into
The opening in the endcap
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And welds the parts together.
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After welding a jet nozzle cone
To the other end of the elbow,
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He welds a handlebar
To the housing.
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These five welded parts
Make up the body
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Of the first jet control nozzle.
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To prep for painting,
The manufacturers rough up
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All the aluminum parts
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By tumbling them
With abrasive stones.
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This component splits
The portion of the water thrust
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That bypasses the lifting jet,
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Sending it
In opposite directions
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To the jet control nozzles.
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The lifting jet tube now has
A nozzle cone welded to one end,
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A coupling for attaching
The fire hose to the other,
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And an oval hole in the curve,
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Which aligns with the angled end
Of a straight tube
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In the middle,
Called the backbone.
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After positioning
Parallel support bars
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Between the lifting jet
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And the splitter, the welder
Fuses all the parts together.
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00:03:09,413 --> 00:03:13,000
Then he flips the assembly jig
And welds on the seat support.
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The seat support attaches
Where the lifting jet
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And backbone meet.
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After masking the ends
Of the splitter,
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A worker sprays the completed
Frame, jet control nozzles
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And other aluminum parts
With powder coat.
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This helps protect
Against corrosion.
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The parts go into an oven
For up to a half hour
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To bake the powder coat
To a shiny finish.
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Then workers install
An aluminum camlock
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To securely fasten
The fire hose to the coupling.
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Another worker attaches
The remaining components
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To the frame.
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First, he screws in the pair
Of footplates
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On which the rider stands.
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Then he bolts the bottom
Half of each plate
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To the parallel support bars
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And the top half to
Just ahead of the camlock.
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He mounts a padded knee
Rest to the support bars.
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It can be easily repositioned to
Accommodate the rider's height.
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On each unpainted end
Of the splitter,
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He installs
An internal support ring,
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Then a precision-fit nylon
Bushing
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And an external support ring,
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Which he screws to the splitter.
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The worker slides
The jet control nozzle housing
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Over the bushing and screws it
To the internal support ring.
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The two control nozzles
Maneuver the water bike.
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To ascend, you pull back
Gradually on both of them,
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Simultaneously.
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To descend, you push
Forward on both.
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To spin, you move one
Forward and one back.
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And to do a backflip,
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You yank both control nozzles
All the way back.
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He assembles the water
Bike's body.
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It's made of molded polyethylene
With a waterproof urethane pad
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To cushion the front
Of the rider's body.
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The seat is made of the same
Padded material.
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Both pad and seat attach
With plastic clips.
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The hollow body is
Completely watertight,
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Which is why the bike floats.
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The final step is to mate
The body to the frame.
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The completed water bicycle
Weighs 30 pounds.
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Once connected to a jet ski
With the fire hose,
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This water bike flies at a speed
Of up to 20 miles per hour.
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By maneuvering the jet nozzles,
It does backflips,
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Multiple spins,
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And even dives
20 feet underwater.
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Narrator: a throttle position
Sensor reports the position
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Of the throttle plate
To the engine computer
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So that it can decide
How much fuel
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To inject into the engine
And many other things.
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Without this critical sensor,
The ratio of the air-fuel mix
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Would be compromised,
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And the engine
Would likely stall.
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In internal combustion engines,
The throttle position sensor
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Is on constant alert,
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Sending the necessary power
Demands to ensure a smooth ride.
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Making these sensors starts
With printed circuit boards.
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These boards will ultimately
Process physical data
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And convert this
Into information
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The engine computer
Will understand.
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A robot transfers the boards
To a conveyor
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Which takes them to
A solder screen printer.
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The printer squeegees solder
Through a stencil to deposit
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It in specific locations
On the boards.
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00:07:04,689 --> 00:07:07,724
The squeegee and stencil
Then retract,
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00:07:07,724 --> 00:07:09,827
And the conveyor shoves
The boards forward
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To the next operation.
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Here, a robot retrieves
Electronic components from tape
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On a reel and deposits
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Them on the soldered
Spots on the boards.
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It collects multiple parts
From the reel at one time
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And installs them on the boards
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00:07:30,034 --> 00:07:32,000
Faster than you can
Blink an eye.
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Moving forward,
The printed circuit boards
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Arrive at a camera station.
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The camera clicks away
And sends pictures of the boards
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To a computer.
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The computer analyzes
The placement of each component.
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With the computer's okay,
The boards head into an oven
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With different heating zones.
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The oven melts the solder
And then cools it down
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00:08:00,068 --> 00:08:02,724
To fuse the components
To the boards.
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00:08:06,034 --> 00:08:10,137
The oven then ejects
The sensor boards.
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00:08:10,137 --> 00:08:16,241
Next, a technician serves them
Up to automated test probes.
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The probes energize
The components on the boards
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And, in the process,
Collect information.
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They send the data
To a computer,
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00:08:24,896 --> 00:08:28,034
Which analyzes the function of
The components on the board
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00:08:28,034 --> 00:08:30,482
And to make sure they're
Fully operational.
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Then the boards move
To a pneumatic punch.
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It separates the 18
Sensor circuit boards
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By cutting the tabs
That hold them together.
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A worker assembles
A metal spring
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To a plastic magnet holder.
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00:08:50,448 --> 00:08:54,137
He places a high-wear washer
Over the neck the magnet holder.
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Then he inserts the magnet
Holder assembly
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Into the throttle-sensor housing
And places the unit in a tray.
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00:09:04,482 --> 00:09:09,862
After glue has been injected in
The holders, a robot moves in.
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00:09:09,862 --> 00:09:12,000
It scans the holders
And confirms
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00:09:12,000 --> 00:09:15,344
That there is glue
In each cavity.
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00:09:15,344 --> 00:09:18,000
It then inserts magnets
In the holders.
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00:09:21,172 --> 00:09:24,620
A worker installs a torsion
Spring in the housing.
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It will hold the magnet holder
Tight to the throttle body.
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00:09:30,344 --> 00:09:32,482
He now inserts the printed
Circuit boards
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Into the sensor housings.
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Terminals in the housings mate
To slots in the boards.
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He solders the terminals
To the boards
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To establish the connections.
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All the parts are now in place
For throttle position sensing.
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00:09:57,931 --> 00:10:01,724
A worker places covers over
The sensor board compartments.
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00:10:04,206 --> 00:10:08,862
An ultrasonic welder then melts
The plastic at the interfaces.
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Once it hardens, the weld bonds
The cover to the sensor body.
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00:10:14,482 --> 00:10:18,310
A robot pipes silicone adhesive
On the welded seam
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00:10:18,310 --> 00:10:21,793
To create a double
Layer of protection.
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The sensors ride on a conveyor
That goes through an oven.
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This cures both the silicone
On the welded seam
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And the glue inside to secure
The magnet to the holder.
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Out of the oven,
The sensors travel through
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A cooling station.
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Probes then power the devices
And calibrate them
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For use in specific vehicles.
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00:10:46,310 --> 00:10:49,724
A robot holds the sensor
In front of a laser,
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00:10:49,724 --> 00:10:52,275
Which etches the date
Of manufacture.
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Back on a conveyor, the throttle
Position sensor travels
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Under a magnifying glass
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So that the laser-etching job
Can be scrutinized.
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This throttle position sensor
Is now ready for detection duty.
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Narrator: cinnamon cordial
Marries the pungent flavor
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Of one of our favorite
Spices with alcohol.
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Think of it as the liqueur
Equivalent of a cinnamon bun.
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On its own or as in ingredient
In a specialty drink,
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Cinnamon cordial can add some
Serious spice to cocktail hour.
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Cinnamon cordial is
The distilled spirit
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That is both sweet and spicy.
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It's this complexity of flavor
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That is at that heart
Of its appeal.
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This particular cinnamon cordial
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Starts with a blend
Of california
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Grape brandy that's been
Aged for 2 years.
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The distiller measures
The amount the recipe calls for
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And pours the brandy into
The main production vessel.
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He then pumps neutral
Grain spirits
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Out of a big holding tank
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And into the measuring bucket.
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This spirit is 190 proof,
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Which means that it is
95 percent alcohol.
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He adds it to the grape brandy.
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Together, the brandy
And the neutral spirits
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Will serve as the alcohol base
For the cinnamon cordial.
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The brandy contributes color
And a little flavor
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00:12:28,931 --> 00:12:31,482
While the clear spirits
Add potency.
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Next up are the spices that
Provide a first layer of flavor.
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Using a scale,
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00:12:42,517 --> 00:12:45,103
The distiller measures
The amounts for the recipe,
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Beginning with whole coriander,
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A spice that will impart
A citrusy
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Zest to the cinnamon cordial.
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The next ingredient is cloves.
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This spice has a sweet
And peppery essence.
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00:13:01,620 --> 00:13:05,310
Finally, he adds dry bay leaves.
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00:13:05,310 --> 00:13:09,413
He crumbles them to release
Their herbal fragrance.
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These three spices
Will ultimately provide
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Background flavor,
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While the cinnamon
That's to be added later
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Will be the main event.
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00:13:19,517 --> 00:13:22,517
The distiller reopens
The production tank and drapes
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00:13:22,517 --> 00:13:25,517
A mesh nylon sachet
Over the opening.
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He pours the carefully
Measured spices into the bag,
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00:13:31,482 --> 00:13:33,896
And they become immersed
In the alcohol.
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00:13:36,344 --> 00:13:38,793
He draws the bag of spices shut
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And leaves it in
The alcohol for 2 weeks.
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During this time,
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00:13:43,620 --> 00:13:47,344
The alcohol extracts
Flavors from the spices.
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00:13:47,344 --> 00:13:50,275
Staying true to the recipe
Is critical.
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Adding too much of one spice
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Or leaving the spices
In the alcohol
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For too long
Could ruin the batch.
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After steeping, the liqueur
Is ready for the cinnamon spice.
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00:14:02,068 --> 00:14:06,206
He adds two kinds -- cassia,
Which is from indonesia,
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00:14:06,206 --> 00:14:07,965
China, and vietnam,
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00:14:07,965 --> 00:14:12,172
And ceylon cinnamon,
Which originates in sri lanka.
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He breaks up
The cinnamon tree bark
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To increase the surface
Area for steeping.
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He also adds two different
Powdered cinnamons
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For extra flavor and color.
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00:14:28,551 --> 00:14:32,310
He now makes simple syrup
From organic sugar and water
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00:14:32,310 --> 00:14:34,758
And adds it to the mixture.
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00:14:34,758 --> 00:14:38,379
This syrup provides sweetness
And dilutes the alcohol content
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00:14:38,379 --> 00:14:42,344
Substantially,
Bringing it down to 68 proof.
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He leaves the blend
To steep for a week.
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00:14:49,241 --> 00:14:52,965
During this time, he samples
The beverage daily to confirm
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00:14:52,965 --> 00:14:55,379
That the drink
Is developing correctly
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00:14:55,379 --> 00:15:00,310
And that the cinnamon flavor
Is properly balanced.
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00:15:00,310 --> 00:15:03,586
The color change during
This week is dramatic,
241
00:15:03,586 --> 00:15:06,896
And it's an indication of
The cordial's deepening flavor.
242
00:15:10,620 --> 00:15:13,379
When the taste and color
Seem just right,
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00:15:13,379 --> 00:15:15,655
He removes the spices and pumps
244
00:15:15,655 --> 00:15:20,379
The cinnamon cordial
Into 25-ounce bottles.
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00:15:20,379 --> 00:15:22,758
This bottling system
Is equipped with a filter
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To remove any impurities.
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Once full, he corks the bottle.
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Using a special labeling
Machine, he rolls on the label
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That identifies
The product for marketing.
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He then heat-shrinks a plastic
Seal around the cork.
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He puts a signature on it,
And this cinnamon cordial
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Is ready for
The cocktail circuit.
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Narrator: tour the workshop of
A cabinetmaker or woodcarver,
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And you're sure to come
Across a collection of rasps.
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A rasp is a hand tool with teeth
That you push forward
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With pressure
Over wood to shape it.
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00:16:24,965 --> 00:16:28,137
Rasps come in various textures,
Called grains,
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Ranging from coarse to fine.
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Machine-made rasps
May suffice for hobbyists,
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But fine woodworking requires
Premium rasps like these,
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Which are made entirely by hand.
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00:16:44,241 --> 00:16:48,862
A rasp starts out as a steel
Bar, called a blank.
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00:16:48,862 --> 00:16:52,172
First, a worker heats one end
Of the blank in an oven
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At a temperature
Of approximately
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1,500 degrees fahrenheit.
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When the steel glows somewhere
Between orange and red,
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He immediately cuts the end
To a crude point with a press.
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Then he places the end
Under a spring hammer
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Which strikes it
Repeatedly against a die,
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Forging the crude point
To a refined one.
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After repeating these steps
On the opposite end...
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He inserts the blank
Into a shearing machine.
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This cuts across the middle,
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Dividing the blank
Into two flat rasps,
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Each with a pointed end
And a flat end.
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00:17:41,172 --> 00:17:44,344
The worker puts the flat
End into the oven.
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Once it reaches
Working temperature,
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He places it in a press.
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00:17:48,655 --> 00:17:51,310
The first strike tapers the end.
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The second cuts off steel
To form the tool's handle,
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Called the tang.
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The rasp shape is fully forged.
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An experienced craftsman
Now begins refining it.
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First, he runs it against
A grinding wheel
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To remove excess steel.
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00:18:11,586 --> 00:18:14,758
Because steel warps
In the forging process,
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He hammers along the tang,
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Point, and length
To straighten the rasp.
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00:18:19,896 --> 00:18:23,448
This step is critical
For structural strength
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Because if the grain of the
Steel isn't perfectly straight,
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The rasp will warp when
The craftsman later hardens
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00:18:29,689 --> 00:18:32,034
The steel by tempering.
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Once the rasp is straight,
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00:18:34,482 --> 00:18:37,517
He grinds the flat surfaces
On a grinding belt.
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00:18:40,034 --> 00:18:42,206
Then he returns to
The grinding wheel
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00:18:42,206 --> 00:18:45,000
To remove excess steel
Around the point.
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00:18:49,586 --> 00:18:52,034
By the time he completes
This step,
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00:18:52,034 --> 00:18:57,172
The point is transformed
From this to this.
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00:18:57,172 --> 00:19:00,275
After additional grinding
To polish away the marks,
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00:19:00,275 --> 00:19:03,034
It's time to give
The rasp some teeth.
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00:19:05,517 --> 00:19:08,758
This process, known as
Stitching the rasp,
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Is a highly specialized skill
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00:19:10,689 --> 00:19:14,034
That requires
Exceptional dexterity.
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00:19:14,034 --> 00:19:17,965
The stitchers form
Every single tooth by hand
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00:19:17,965 --> 00:19:21,241
With a single hammer
Strike on a punch.
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00:19:21,241 --> 00:19:23,275
The punch shape and size
Determines
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00:19:23,275 --> 00:19:25,827
The tooth shape and size.
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00:19:25,827 --> 00:19:28,620
The hammer size determines
Tooth height.
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00:19:28,620 --> 00:19:32,068
A heavier hammer forces
The punch deeper into the steel,
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00:19:32,068 --> 00:19:34,310
Forming a taller tooth.
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00:19:34,310 --> 00:19:36,310
The larger and deeper the teeth,
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00:19:36,310 --> 00:19:39,586
The coarser the grain
Of the rasp.
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00:19:39,586 --> 00:19:43,241
The artisans stitch the rasp
A quarter section at a time
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00:19:43,241 --> 00:19:46,310
To set the teeth
At the proper angle.
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00:19:46,310 --> 00:19:49,655
The tooth angle differs when
They're making a left-hand rasp
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00:19:49,655 --> 00:19:53,275
Versus a right-hand rasp.
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00:19:53,275 --> 00:19:56,068
The expert craftsman
Now hammers a slight curve
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00:19:56,068 --> 00:19:58,413
Back into the rasp.
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00:19:58,413 --> 00:20:02,000
If left straight, it would curve
When they temper it.
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00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:04,206
By preemptively curving it,
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00:20:04,206 --> 00:20:08,379
The rasp will straighten
When tempered.
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00:20:08,379 --> 00:20:11,103
He submerges the rasp
In a molten salt bath
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00:20:11,103 --> 00:20:13,551
Inside the tempering furnace.
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00:20:13,551 --> 00:20:16,000
Salt prevents contact
With oxygen,
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00:20:16,000 --> 00:20:18,241
Which burns off
The carbon in the steel,
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00:20:18,241 --> 00:20:21,275
Thus destroying its properties.
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00:20:21,275 --> 00:20:24,137
After removing the rasp
From the salt bath,
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00:20:24,137 --> 00:20:25,448
He gradually cools it
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00:20:25,448 --> 00:20:29,034
In a quenching tank
Filled with saltwater.
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00:20:29,034 --> 00:20:33,310
Cooling steel at just the right
Speed and direction is critical.
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00:20:33,310 --> 00:20:36,379
Too slow, it doesn't
Harden sufficiently.
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00:20:36,379 --> 00:20:40,068
Too fast, it twists or warps.
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00:20:40,068 --> 00:20:44,137
He does a final
Straightening in a press.
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00:20:44,137 --> 00:20:48,000
The final operation is
A very soft sandblasting.
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00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:50,620
This removes residue
From the salt bath
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00:20:50,620 --> 00:20:55,241
And transforms the surface
From shiny to matte.
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00:20:55,241 --> 00:20:58,931
These handmade rasps
Come in a multitude of shapes
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00:20:58,931 --> 00:21:03,068
And 15 different grains
Ranging from coarse to fine,
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00:21:03,068 --> 00:21:05,896
So the woodworker can always
Select the right rasp
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00:21:05,896 --> 00:21:07,620
For the task.
27791
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