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1
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Narrator: the invention
Of the socket wrench in 1864
2
00:00:56,758 --> 00:00:59,448
Put a whole new twist
On fastening things.
3
00:00:59,551 --> 00:01:02,310
With the socket wrench's
Ratchet mechanism,
4
00:01:02,413 --> 00:01:05,586
The user could tighten bolts
In a continuous motion
5
00:01:05,689 --> 00:01:09,172
Without breaking to refit
The wrench to the fastener.
6
00:01:09,275 --> 00:01:11,000
It was a real time-saver.
7
00:01:16,206 --> 00:01:17,586
Modern socket wrenches
8
00:01:17,689 --> 00:01:20,413
Come with a range of sockets
And extensions
9
00:01:20,517 --> 00:01:23,724
To handle the nuts and bolts
Of many different jobs.
10
00:01:23,827 --> 00:01:27,655
They start with this coil
Of thick steel.
11
00:01:27,758 --> 00:01:30,310
It travels through a die
Which straightens it
12
00:01:30,413 --> 00:01:34,413
To a knife that slices it
Into short billets.
13
00:01:34,517 --> 00:01:37,275
A machine then drives
A series of forming tools
14
00:01:37,379 --> 00:01:39,517
Into the billets.
15
00:01:42,689 --> 00:01:45,000
The tools force them
Into a socket shape
16
00:01:45,103 --> 00:01:47,724
And create the all-important
Hexagonal opening
17
00:01:47,827 --> 00:01:51,482
That matches the profile
Of the nuts and bolts.
18
00:01:54,000 --> 00:01:56,517
To get rid of lingering
Lubricating oil,
19
00:01:56,620 --> 00:01:58,068
The parts go for a tumble
20
00:01:58,172 --> 00:02:01,275
Through a spiral
Washer/dryer system.
21
00:02:05,655 --> 00:02:09,758
A conveyor delivers them
To a computerized cutting tool.
22
00:02:09,862 --> 00:02:12,379
It removes sharp edges
23
00:02:12,482 --> 00:02:14,827
And sculpts a bevel
On the socket's inner rim
24
00:02:14,931 --> 00:02:17,965
So it will slide onto bolts
More easily.
25
00:02:19,586 --> 00:02:23,172
It takes just seconds to improve
This socket's profile.
26
00:02:25,482 --> 00:02:28,206
Different tools then sculpt
The square opening
27
00:02:28,310 --> 00:02:30,448
In the drive end of the socket.
28
00:02:30,551 --> 00:02:33,896
That's the part that locks onto
The end of the ratchet wrench.
29
00:02:36,275 --> 00:02:37,896
A powerful rolling stamp
30
00:02:38,000 --> 00:02:41,344
Now engraves the part's size
And the company name onto it.
31
00:02:41,448 --> 00:02:44,137
Once those details
Are out of the way,
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00:02:44,241 --> 00:02:45,862
It's into a flaming oven
33
00:02:45,965 --> 00:02:48,931
To undergo
A heat-treating process.
34
00:02:49,034 --> 00:02:52,586
A rapid cooldown
Follows the heat treatment,
35
00:02:52,689 --> 00:02:54,413
Hardening the metal.
36
00:02:56,517 --> 00:02:59,724
The sockets now toss about
In this rotating chamber
37
00:02:59,827 --> 00:03:04,206
As they're blasted
With very fine steel particles.
38
00:03:04,310 --> 00:03:07,724
This cleans the parts
And buffs the parts,
39
00:03:07,827 --> 00:03:11,034
But there's much more polishing
To come.
40
00:03:11,137 --> 00:03:14,931
They clamp the sockets
Onto a rotating table.
41
00:03:17,172 --> 00:03:20,000
It delivers the part
To a grinding belt
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00:03:20,103 --> 00:03:23,310
For a very vigorous polishing.
43
00:03:23,413 --> 00:03:25,896
You can see
The difference this makes
44
00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:27,586
In the part on the right,
45
00:03:27,689 --> 00:03:30,862
But these sockets need to be
Absolutely flawless.
46
00:03:30,965 --> 00:03:34,103
So they next go into a tub
Of ceramic stones.
47
00:03:34,206 --> 00:03:36,931
They rub mild acid
Onto the parts
48
00:03:37,034 --> 00:03:39,586
To get rid of any small
Blemishes that remain.
49
00:03:42,551 --> 00:03:45,448
The parts then receive
A thorough wash and rinse,
50
00:03:45,551 --> 00:03:48,000
Which prepares them
For chrome plating.
51
00:03:51,413 --> 00:03:52,758
Now freshly chromed,
52
00:03:52,862 --> 00:03:54,758
The sockets look way too nice
53
00:03:54,862 --> 00:03:57,482
To be immersed
In this brownish stuff,
54
00:03:57,586 --> 00:04:00,931
But it's actually
A rustproofing solution
55
00:04:01,034 --> 00:04:03,379
To protect them from corrosion.
56
00:04:03,482 --> 00:04:06,758
They lock the tub of sockets
In a centrifuge machine.
57
00:04:06,862 --> 00:04:08,000
It spins the parts
58
00:04:08,103 --> 00:04:11,000
To get rid of the excess
Rustproofing liquid.
59
00:04:13,758 --> 00:04:18,724
And now these sockets
Are ready to shine on the job.
60
00:04:18,827 --> 00:04:22,862
Attachable extensions improve
The reach of the socket wrench.
61
00:04:22,965 --> 00:04:25,620
Forming equipment
Swings into action,
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00:04:25,724 --> 00:04:28,068
Pressing steel billets
Into dies
63
00:04:28,172 --> 00:04:31,655
To mold them into the rough
Shape of an extension.
64
00:04:34,793 --> 00:04:37,620
After a wash and dry,
It's over to a lathe.
65
00:04:37,724 --> 00:04:39,482
And as the extension spins,
66
00:04:39,586 --> 00:04:42,275
Cutting tools create
The squared opening
67
00:04:42,379 --> 00:04:45,379
That allows it to be attached
To the wrench.
68
00:04:49,275 --> 00:04:51,896
Cutters then go to work
On the other end.
69
00:04:52,000 --> 00:04:55,034
They shape it so it will fit
Into various sockets
70
00:04:55,137 --> 00:04:57,862
And shave the shank
To reduce its diameter.
71
00:05:04,241 --> 00:05:07,655
Next, a rolling stamp cuts
A knurled texture
72
00:05:07,758 --> 00:05:09,655
Into the socket-wrench
Extension,
73
00:05:09,758 --> 00:05:12,620
Creating a much less slippery
Surface to hang on to.
74
00:05:16,758 --> 00:05:19,137
They insert
A stainless-steel spring
75
00:05:19,241 --> 00:05:22,896
Into a hole formed at the end
Of the extension...
76
00:05:23,000 --> 00:05:25,172
Then scoop up a steel ball
77
00:05:25,275 --> 00:05:28,413
So it sits in the cavity
Above the spring.
78
00:05:28,517 --> 00:05:31,689
A machine then press-fits it
To the extension.
79
00:05:31,793 --> 00:05:35,724
This creates a mechanism
Onto which the sockets attach.
80
00:05:38,103 --> 00:05:41,862
It takes about three days
To complete this socket set,
81
00:05:41,965 --> 00:05:45,448
But it will equip you
To handle jobs of many sizes
82
00:05:45,551 --> 00:05:48,206
And just about
Any tight situation.
83
00:06:01,931 --> 00:06:04,620
Narrator: if you're a lover
Of fine footwear,
84
00:06:04,724 --> 00:06:06,965
When it comes to dressing
Your feet,
85
00:06:07,068 --> 00:06:08,344
Nothing beats leather
86
00:06:08,448 --> 00:06:10,655
Because,
Unlike synthetic materials,
87
00:06:10,758 --> 00:06:12,793
Leather lets your feet breathe.
88
00:06:12,896 --> 00:06:16,586
And high-end leather shoes
Feature superior construction
89
00:06:16,689 --> 00:06:20,206
That makes them lightweight
And comfortable to wear.
90
00:06:26,827 --> 00:06:28,551
The vision originates
91
00:06:28,655 --> 00:06:32,172
With a design sketched
On a flexible plastic sheet.
92
00:06:32,275 --> 00:06:35,103
To help the stylist
Perfect the design,
93
00:06:35,206 --> 00:06:39,827
They put it on a rigid foot form
Called a last.
94
00:06:39,931 --> 00:06:43,068
Exotic skins have
Natural variations throughout,
95
00:06:43,172 --> 00:06:46,344
So a specialist must hand-cut
The pattern pieces
96
00:06:46,448 --> 00:06:49,551
To ensure the right and left
Shoes match well.
97
00:06:52,827 --> 00:06:54,413
They use a splitting machine
98
00:06:54,517 --> 00:06:56,862
To shave off a layer
From the underside,
99
00:06:56,965 --> 00:07:00,620
Equalizing the thickness
Of all the pieces.
100
00:07:00,724 --> 00:07:03,620
Then a skiving machine
Thins the edges
101
00:07:03,724 --> 00:07:07,000
So the pieces will be easier
To sew together.
102
00:07:07,103 --> 00:07:09,931
They punch decorative holes
Into certain pieces
103
00:07:10,034 --> 00:07:11,103
With a manual press,
104
00:07:11,206 --> 00:07:12,586
So it's up to the operator
105
00:07:12,689 --> 00:07:15,586
To make sure the distance
Between holes is consistent.
106
00:07:19,068 --> 00:07:21,758
The top of the shoe
Is called the upper.
107
00:07:21,862 --> 00:07:24,275
They sew together
The upper pieces,
108
00:07:24,379 --> 00:07:29,206
Then hammer the stitches to make
The seam smooth and flat.
109
00:07:29,310 --> 00:07:31,517
Next they glue
A narrow leather strip
110
00:07:31,620 --> 00:07:33,206
Along the border of the upper
111
00:07:33,310 --> 00:07:35,586
To hide the leather's
Unfinished edge.
112
00:07:35,689 --> 00:07:38,068
This also produces
A decorative trim.
113
00:07:43,551 --> 00:07:47,724
Now they attach a lining made
Of goat leather and flax.
114
00:07:47,827 --> 00:07:50,379
This style of lining
Fits snugly over the last,
115
00:07:50,482 --> 00:07:52,379
A particular type
Of construction
116
00:07:52,482 --> 00:07:55,241
That allows for a more
Comfortable type of insole.
117
00:07:57,379 --> 00:07:59,586
They put the lining
Inside the upper
118
00:07:59,689 --> 00:08:03,275
And slip them onto the last.
119
00:08:03,379 --> 00:08:05,448
Then they glue on the insole.
120
00:08:05,551 --> 00:08:08,310
This type consists
Of a rigid section --
121
00:08:08,413 --> 00:08:10,034
The black part --
122
00:08:10,137 --> 00:08:12,655
And a more flexible section --
The white part.
123
00:08:15,827 --> 00:08:17,896
Now they glue the lining
To the upper
124
00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:20,551
And put the front of the shoe,
Called the point,
125
00:08:20,655 --> 00:08:23,586
Into a machine that grips
The edge of the leather
126
00:08:23,689 --> 00:08:25,103
And pulls it straight.
127
00:08:32,862 --> 00:08:35,137
The next machine's
Mechanical fingers
128
00:08:35,241 --> 00:08:37,275
Wrap the edge underneath
And glue it,
129
00:08:37,379 --> 00:08:41,344
Pulling evenly all around so
That everything's symmetrical.
130
00:08:47,586 --> 00:08:51,275
The next machine does the same
Thing at the back of the shoe.
131
00:08:59,827 --> 00:09:02,103
They grind down
The leather edge,
132
00:09:02,206 --> 00:09:06,931
Creating a flat, even surface
That's ready for the sole.
133
00:09:07,034 --> 00:09:09,275
Next they heat the leather
To make it malleable
134
00:09:09,379 --> 00:09:11,517
And hammer
Until the upper
135
00:09:11,620 --> 00:09:13,793
Assumes the shape
Of the last inside.
136
00:09:13,896 --> 00:09:16,586
The hammering also rids
The leather of any wrinkles.
137
00:09:22,103 --> 00:09:25,034
They coat the underside
With glue
138
00:09:25,137 --> 00:09:28,206
And carefully position
The shoe's leather sole.
139
00:09:28,310 --> 00:09:31,137
The glue takes about 10 minutes
To dry.
140
00:09:36,448 --> 00:09:38,103
Then they run the edge
Of the sole
141
00:09:38,206 --> 00:09:41,172
Through a splitting machine.
142
00:09:41,275 --> 00:09:46,413
This separates a thin layer
Which they now sew to the upper.
143
00:09:46,517 --> 00:09:49,551
Durable twine
And a heavy-duty loop stitch
144
00:09:49,655 --> 00:09:52,793
Ensure the upper and sole
Remain inseparable.
145
00:10:02,379 --> 00:10:06,655
To hide the stitching, they glue
And grind down the edge.
146
00:10:18,482 --> 00:10:23,379
A thorough polishing gives
The sole a slick-looking finish.
147
00:10:29,862 --> 00:10:32,413
Every pair of shoes
This factory produces
148
00:10:32,517 --> 00:10:34,137
Is polished by a specialist,
149
00:10:34,241 --> 00:10:36,413
Who creates
Just the right shading
150
00:10:36,517 --> 00:10:39,137
To bring out the leather's
Best features.
151
00:10:41,551 --> 00:10:45,275
This is the last step
Of roughly 200 manual operations
152
00:10:45,379 --> 00:10:48,344
That go into producing
Just a single pair
153
00:10:48,448 --> 00:10:51,000
Of these
Luxurious leather shoes.
154
00:11:10,103 --> 00:11:11,827
Narrator:
It was swiss hikers
155
00:11:11,931 --> 00:11:14,310
Who carried the first
Aluminum drink bottles
156
00:11:14,413 --> 00:11:16,517
In the early part
Of the 20th century.
157
00:11:16,620 --> 00:11:20,689
Today's lightweight bottles
Can be reused endlessly,
158
00:11:20,793 --> 00:11:23,241
Meaning less waste in landfills.
159
00:11:23,344 --> 00:11:25,379
They can also be recycled,
160
00:11:25,482 --> 00:11:28,137
So making one
Is not a wasted effort.
161
00:11:33,482 --> 00:11:37,275
Some of those first trailblazing
Bottles still survive today,
162
00:11:37,379 --> 00:11:41,517
Reminding us that this kind
Of container is made to last.
163
00:11:46,689 --> 00:11:49,931
Today's bottle starts
With an aluminum puck
164
00:11:50,034 --> 00:11:51,655
2 3/4 inches in diameter.
165
00:11:56,103 --> 00:11:59,724
The puck travels down a chute
Into a punch press.
166
00:11:59,827 --> 00:12:02,137
It uses 660 tons of force
167
00:12:02,241 --> 00:12:03,758
To stretch that little puck
168
00:12:03,862 --> 00:12:08,000
Into a long cylinder
With a bottom.
169
00:12:08,103 --> 00:12:11,862
A blade chops the open end
Down to the correct size,
170
00:12:11,965 --> 00:12:14,379
And then a tool pushes it
Onto a conveyor
171
00:12:14,482 --> 00:12:17,965
That sends it down the line.
172
00:12:22,068 --> 00:12:25,172
The aluminum cylinder
Lands on a wheel
173
00:12:25,275 --> 00:12:27,965
Which relays it
To the next station.
174
00:12:28,068 --> 00:12:31,137
There, machinery moves
The cylinder's open end
175
00:12:31,241 --> 00:12:32,724
Into position for tools
176
00:12:32,827 --> 00:12:36,068
To squeeze it
Into a bottleneck.
177
00:12:36,172 --> 00:12:40,172
The tools pinch the metal
A total of 26 times
178
00:12:40,275 --> 00:12:43,655
To draw the open end down
To half its original diameter.
179
00:12:43,758 --> 00:12:46,172
This gentle forming process
180
00:12:46,275 --> 00:12:49,413
Results in less stress
On the metal.
181
00:12:56,241 --> 00:12:58,275
The last tool
Presses a threaded ring
182
00:12:58,379 --> 00:13:02,137
Into the inside of the bottle
For screwing on the cap.
183
00:13:04,482 --> 00:13:06,827
The process leaves
The threaded neck
184
00:13:06,931 --> 00:13:09,517
A lot thicker than the rest
Of the bottle
185
00:13:09,620 --> 00:13:11,931
So it will hold up
To heavy usage.
186
00:13:13,965 --> 00:13:18,206
Now the bottles head
Into a wash station.
187
00:13:18,310 --> 00:13:19,655
They get a really good scrubbing
188
00:13:19,758 --> 00:13:22,206
To remove the lubricating oil
From the forming process.
189
00:13:27,758 --> 00:13:30,000
They then travel
Through a dryer,
190
00:13:30,103 --> 00:13:31,758
And after a few minutes,
191
00:13:31,862 --> 00:13:35,448
They emerge clean and ready
For the next operation.
192
00:13:43,034 --> 00:13:45,827
The interior wall
Of the aluminum drink bottle
193
00:13:45,931 --> 00:13:49,379
Is about to be lined with
A microthin, high-tech polymer.
194
00:13:51,482 --> 00:13:55,413
This revolving device picks up
Each bottle using suction
195
00:13:55,517 --> 00:13:58,000
And delivers it
To an individual sprayer.
196
00:14:01,310 --> 00:14:04,103
The spray nozzle coats
The inside of this container
197
00:14:04,206 --> 00:14:05,862
With a polymer.
198
00:14:10,034 --> 00:14:12,586
The liner has been
Specially formulated
199
00:14:12,689 --> 00:14:14,172
To be chemically inert,
200
00:14:14,275 --> 00:14:18,379
Which means it won't absorb
Or transfer flavors.
201
00:14:18,482 --> 00:14:20,758
At this point,
The coating is powdery,
202
00:14:20,862 --> 00:14:23,344
And you could wipe it off
With your finger,
203
00:14:23,448 --> 00:14:25,344
But that's just temporary.
204
00:14:25,448 --> 00:14:28,551
As they bake it,
The powder will solidify
205
00:14:28,655 --> 00:14:31,862
And bond completely
To the inside of the bottle.
206
00:14:34,413 --> 00:14:36,275
The bottles
Move through an oven
207
00:14:36,379 --> 00:14:38,965
That's heated
To 356 degrees fahrenheit
208
00:14:39,068 --> 00:14:40,862
For 10 minutes.
209
00:14:45,137 --> 00:14:47,689
The liner doesn't add
Much weight to the bottle.
210
00:14:47,793 --> 00:14:50,827
Here they weigh one
Before lining and after,
211
00:14:50,931 --> 00:14:53,413
And the difference
Is just a few grams.
212
00:14:56,310 --> 00:14:59,517
Now the bottles spin
By a gauntlet of spray guns
213
00:14:59,620 --> 00:15:01,379
For an even coat of paint.
214
00:15:01,482 --> 00:15:03,965
Like the inner liner,
215
00:15:04,068 --> 00:15:08,000
This outer veneer
Will need to be baked on.
216
00:15:08,103 --> 00:15:11,344
When it dries, the paint
Takes on a glossy look.
217
00:15:13,517 --> 00:15:15,000
An automated squeegee
218
00:15:15,103 --> 00:15:17,827
Silk-screens designs
Onto the bottles.
219
00:15:24,068 --> 00:15:27,827
A jet of air dries the ink
Between printings
220
00:15:27,931 --> 00:15:30,482
As they build up the artwork
Using different colors.
221
00:15:37,034 --> 00:15:40,103
And now it's time
To screw on the cap.
222
00:15:40,206 --> 00:15:42,034
As she caps the bottle,
223
00:15:42,137 --> 00:15:45,344
This worker performs a final
Inspection of the product.
224
00:15:49,172 --> 00:15:53,448
From a small aluminum puck
To a handy drink bottle --
225
00:15:53,551 --> 00:15:58,275
Incredibly, this transformation
Has taken just three hours.
226
00:15:58,379 --> 00:16:00,482
And in its various styles,
227
00:16:00,586 --> 00:16:04,896
This reusable bottle is sure
To make a lasting impression.
228
00:16:18,172 --> 00:16:21,379
Narrator: pedaling a bicycle
Causes a chain reaction
229
00:16:21,482 --> 00:16:23,103
That sets wheels in motion.
230
00:16:23,206 --> 00:16:25,965
A bicycle chain
Is essentially a roller chain.
231
00:16:26,068 --> 00:16:28,965
It's designed specifically
To transfer pedal power
232
00:16:29,068 --> 00:16:31,172
To the bicycle's
Rear drive wheel.
233
00:16:31,275 --> 00:16:33,724
With a good bicycle chain,
You can go far
234
00:16:33,827 --> 00:16:35,000
Or, at the very least,
235
00:16:35,103 --> 00:16:37,137
Take a short spin
Around the hood.
236
00:16:43,379 --> 00:16:45,827
The chain is the driving force
237
00:16:45,931 --> 00:16:48,344
In a bicycle's
Transmission system.
238
00:16:48,448 --> 00:16:51,137
It travels over gears
In a perpetual loop
239
00:16:51,241 --> 00:16:53,620
To keep the cyclist
Moving forward.
240
00:16:53,724 --> 00:16:57,827
Actions like shifting gears
Or braking
241
00:16:57,931 --> 00:17:01,068
Will regularly put this
Critical mechanism to the test.
242
00:17:07,344 --> 00:17:09,448
It all starts
With this punch press.
243
00:17:09,551 --> 00:17:11,896
It cuts and presses steel
244
00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:14,379
Into the shape
Of the chain's inner links,
245
00:17:14,482 --> 00:17:16,931
Which looks a lot
Like a figure eight.
246
00:17:22,275 --> 00:17:26,344
Incredibly, it generates
10,000 links per hour.
247
00:17:31,517 --> 00:17:36,034
Each of these figure-eight links
Has been made to interconnect,
248
00:17:36,137 --> 00:17:37,724
And their contours allow them
249
00:17:37,827 --> 00:17:40,724
To travel easily across
The bike's gear sprockets.
250
00:17:47,310 --> 00:17:50,758
They send samples of the links
To a measuring station
251
00:17:50,862 --> 00:17:53,448
To confirm the space
Between the holes
252
00:17:53,551 --> 00:17:56,344
Is precisely 12.7 millimeters.
253
00:17:58,620 --> 00:18:02,103
The tester also gauges
The diameter of the holes,
254
00:18:02,206 --> 00:18:05,793
Which must be accurate to within
A fraction of a millimeter.
255
00:18:07,655 --> 00:18:09,586
Then the links bake in an oven
256
00:18:09,689 --> 00:18:12,586
At more
Than 1,500 degrees fahrenheit.
257
00:18:12,689 --> 00:18:15,482
The blazing heat,
Followed by a quick cooldown,
258
00:18:15,586 --> 00:18:17,241
Hardens the steel.
259
00:18:20,275 --> 00:18:22,206
They now shovel
These inner links
260
00:18:22,310 --> 00:18:24,000
Into a doughnut-shaped machine.
261
00:18:28,689 --> 00:18:32,827
They add ceramic
And silica powders...
262
00:18:32,931 --> 00:18:35,931
And pour in
A small amount of water.
263
00:18:36,034 --> 00:18:38,965
They then screw the lid
On this machine.
264
00:18:39,068 --> 00:18:42,000
It shakes vigorously,
265
00:18:42,103 --> 00:18:45,103
Causing the powders and water
To form an abrasive paste
266
00:18:45,206 --> 00:18:48,034
That polishes the links.
267
00:18:48,137 --> 00:18:50,827
They load the polished
Inner links into a metal basket
268
00:18:50,931 --> 00:18:52,862
And shut the door.
269
00:18:56,517 --> 00:19:00,344
Machinery plunges the basket
Into a series of chemical baths
270
00:19:00,448 --> 00:19:05,931
To give these inner links
A nickel-teflon veneer.
271
00:19:06,034 --> 00:19:09,724
The nickel-teflon surface
Will resist corrosion,
272
00:19:09,827 --> 00:19:11,689
And its smooth texture
Will allow the chain
273
00:19:11,793 --> 00:19:14,551
To travel easily
Over gear sprockets.
274
00:19:18,482 --> 00:19:22,241
The bike chain's outer links
Get a different kind of finish.
275
00:19:22,344 --> 00:19:23,724
Unlike the inner links,
276
00:19:23,827 --> 00:19:25,896
They don't travel
Over sprockets,
277
00:19:26,000 --> 00:19:28,517
So a simple nickel plating
Will do.
278
00:19:31,931 --> 00:19:34,172
They're now ready
To assemble the chain
279
00:19:34,275 --> 00:19:35,931
One section at a time.
280
00:19:39,793 --> 00:19:44,551
Tubes feed the parts one by one
Into this assembly machine.
281
00:19:44,655 --> 00:19:47,137
Gripper arms
Adjust their position
282
00:19:47,241 --> 00:19:49,758
To assemble the links
To other chain components,
283
00:19:49,862 --> 00:19:52,965
Such as retainer rings
And spacers.
284
00:19:57,206 --> 00:19:59,931
The machinery presses pins
Into the links' holes
285
00:20:00,034 --> 00:20:03,413
To secure the assembly.
286
00:20:03,517 --> 00:20:07,758
Then grippers move the completed
Section of chain down the line.
287
00:20:09,448 --> 00:20:11,620
It takes a whole lot
Of little pieces
288
00:20:11,724 --> 00:20:14,482
To build one short section
Of bicycle chain.
289
00:20:17,758 --> 00:20:20,724
The sections are linked together
In one long chain,
290
00:20:20,827 --> 00:20:23,206
Which now winds
By an inspection station
291
00:20:23,310 --> 00:20:25,413
To be examined for flaws.
292
00:20:29,103 --> 00:20:32,413
After that, the chain takes
A dip in hot oil,
293
00:20:32,517 --> 00:20:33,965
Which lubricates the links
294
00:20:34,068 --> 00:20:38,896
To prevent squeakiness
And wear down the road.
295
00:20:39,000 --> 00:20:41,344
The chain exits
The lubricating station
296
00:20:41,448 --> 00:20:43,896
And travels by wads
Of absorbent material,
297
00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:46,103
Which soaks up
The excess grease.
298
00:20:50,517 --> 00:20:52,206
A laser tool then signals
299
00:20:52,310 --> 00:20:54,517
The location where the chain
Is to be cut,
300
00:20:54,620 --> 00:20:59,034
And a blade chops it
At the exact spot.
301
00:20:59,137 --> 00:21:03,379
A standard bike chain is
Just over 56 inches in length.
302
00:21:03,482 --> 00:21:08,620
It consists of 114 inner links
And 114 external ones,
303
00:21:08,724 --> 00:21:13,034
So it's got what it takes
To go the distance.
304
00:21:13,137 --> 00:21:16,034
--captions by vitac--
Www.Vitac.Com
305
00:21:16,137 --> 00:21:19,103
Captions paid for by
Discovery communications
306
00:21:22,103 --> 00:21:24,586
If you have any questions
About the show,
307
00:21:24,689 --> 00:21:27,655
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308
00:21:27,758 --> 00:21:29,137
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