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2,500 years ago,
the Greek philosopher Plato wrote of
an island he called Atlantis...
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00:01:54,423 --> 00:01:57,859
..that was swallowed up by the sea in
a single day and night.
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00:01:59,977 --> 00:02:01,980
Vanishing without a trace.
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00:02:05,218 --> 00:02:09,890
Ever since,
people have wondered where this
mysterious island might have been,
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00:02:10,923 --> 00:02:12,980
or whether it was all just a myth.
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00:02:15,989 --> 00:02:17,929
New research suggests that
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00:02:18,373 --> 00:02:20,776
Plato's story
was based on real events.
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00:02:21,341 --> 00:02:25,461
Tantalising evidence uncovered on
a Greek island of Santorini
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00:02:25,688 --> 00:02:31,840
has revealed an incredible civilization
advanced beyond it's time,
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00:02:32,132 --> 00:02:37,445
Destroyed by the greatest natural
disaster of the Ancient world.
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00:02:39,277 --> 00:02:41,633
Based on the latest
scientific research,
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00:02:42,553 --> 00:02:43,699
this is the story
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00:02:44,454 --> 00:02:46,263
of an incredible island,
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00:02:46,699 --> 00:02:48,015
the people that lived there...
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00:02:48,662 --> 00:02:56,066
..and the extraordinary last days
that inspired the legend of Atlantis.
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00:02:57,764 --> 00:03:03,686
A T L A N T I S
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00:03:55,246 --> 00:04:02,607
3,500 years ago, the Greek islands
were home to a powerful and
advanced Bronze Age civilisation...
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00:04:03,140 --> 00:04:05,864
..one that rivalled the
Egypt of the Pharaohs.
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00:04:09,173 --> 00:04:11,266
These were the Minoans.
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00:04:18,968 --> 00:04:25,918
In this world,
powerful priestesses presided over
strange and dangerous rituals.
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00:04:39,687 --> 00:04:42,047
Not bad for Cretens.
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00:04:42,431 --> 00:04:45,631
No offence.
- You think your son can better that?
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00:04:47,700 --> 00:04:50,081
He's Theran.
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00:05:04,915 --> 00:05:06,589
He's handsome, isn't he?
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00:05:07,026 --> 00:05:09,455
Did you choose him for
you mother, or for me?
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00:05:11,132 --> 00:05:13,673
My son is the finest
athlete in the whole of Thera.
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00:05:14,098 --> 00:05:15,752
We're all terribly impressed, Rusa.
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00:05:20,924 --> 00:05:25,791
Plato wrote of great bulls
roaming the temples of Atlantis.
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00:05:27,530 --> 00:05:31,042
And the bull was certainly
central to Minoan culture.
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00:05:31,452 --> 00:05:34,338
Hear me great Poseidon,
creator of the earth and sea.
Lend me the courage
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00:05:34,612 --> 00:05:37,151
of our forefathers and accept this
wine as an offering.
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00:05:39,256 --> 00:05:45,420
So important was the bull
that it gave birth to the legend
of the man-killing minotaur.
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00:05:48,841 --> 00:05:51,320
Half human, half beast.
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00:07:17,956 --> 00:07:18,886
Yishharu, you OK?
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00:07:23,620 --> 00:07:25,401
You've shamed us all!
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00:07:25,970 --> 00:07:27,799
Go home!
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00:07:36,652 --> 00:07:41,947
Bull leaping is thought to have been
an important initiation rite
for young Minoan men.
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00:07:42,905 --> 00:07:44,531
And possibly even women.
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00:07:48,549 --> 00:07:54,302
A spectacle performed all over Crete
in temple palaces like
this one at Knossos,
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00:07:56,180 --> 00:08:00,702
a massive complex the size of
four football fields
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00:08:01,081 --> 00:08:07,617
1300 quartyards, halls and chambers
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00:08:11,217 --> 00:08:14,901
At a time when most Europians
was still living in a mud house
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00:08:17,162 --> 00:08:20,669
This was the cradle of
Western civilisation.
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00:08:26,888 --> 00:08:29,134
For Queracio goddess of Thera.
45
00:08:30,560 --> 00:08:33,104
You've made a good mariage to a good family.
46
00:08:42,320 --> 00:08:46,320
Your future is secured.
- I know yours is father.
47
00:08:48,466 --> 00:08:50,375
We're all set.
48
00:08:52,322 --> 00:08:53,445
Where's Yishharu?
49
00:08:53,922 --> 00:08:55,485
I was thinking I
might leave him here.
50
00:08:55,769 --> 00:09:01,143
Save us all the embarrassment.
- He's a boy.
51
00:09:01,417 --> 00:09:03,534
The wife creates the man.
52
00:09:06,435 --> 00:09:07,588
Come on.
53
00:09:13,975 --> 00:09:17,968
Don't worry, your prescious doughter
is safe with me.
54
00:09:31,355 --> 00:09:33,306
Men, pull. Pull.
55
00:09:33,306 --> 00:09:38,168
Minoans wealth was built on mastery of the sea.
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00:09:46,390 --> 00:09:52,804
Their powerfull fleeth dominated
the trade network of the Mediterranaen.
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00:09:54,042 --> 00:09:59,044
Positioned in the hart of this network,
between Europe, Africa and Asia
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00:09:59,242 --> 00:10:01,211
was Crete,
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00:10:01,211 --> 00:10:05,941
The strategic center of Minoan power.
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00:10:05,878 --> 00:10:10,292
And 70 miles North
was the island of Thera.
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00:10:10,293 --> 00:10:13,411
Known today as Santorini.
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00:10:14,436 --> 00:10:19,747
In 1620 BC this was the setting
for a disaster that would trigger,
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00:10:19,747 --> 00:10:23,738
the downfall of Minoan civilization.
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00:10:30,582 --> 00:10:33,933
You let me down,
in front of my bussines partner.
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00:10:40,302 --> 00:10:41,631
Ground shook!
66
00:10:42,273 --> 00:10:43,598
That's before is the bull.
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00:10:43,599 --> 00:10:46,393
Your hand was shaking when you touch
the ground. You were nervous!
68
00:10:46,394 --> 00:10:48,713
Maybe it was a sign!
- Sign? You haven't practiced enough!
69
00:10:50,377 --> 00:10:52,703
You shamed me Yishharu,
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00:10:53,839 --> 00:10:55,580
...you shamed Thera.
71
00:10:55,882 --> 00:10:57,846
I wasn't shamed.
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00:11:03,997 --> 00:11:06,277
Admiring our beautifull island.
73
00:11:07,836 --> 00:11:09,985
A jewell created by the gods
in the center of the ocean.
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00:11:09,985 --> 00:11:11,697
Perhaps we should make an offering.
75
00:11:12,590 --> 00:11:15,291
Well, thanks! Bull didn't kill you.
76
00:11:15,292 --> 00:11:18,235
Something was wrong.
I felt!
77
00:11:23,344 --> 00:11:25,037
What's that?
78
00:11:44,471 --> 00:11:46,747
Later described Atlantis,
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00:11:46,748 --> 00:11:52,544
As an Island consisting of
circular belts of sea and land.
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00:11:52,545 --> 00:11:54,457
Reconstructions of Thera,
81
00:11:54,780 --> 00:11:58,365
show how well it fits that description.
82
00:12:01,591 --> 00:12:04,579
The islands unusuall landscape
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00:12:04,580 --> 00:12:10,023
had been shaped by the most powerfull
geological forces on the planet.
84
00:12:12,769 --> 00:12:18,449
The Therans were living
on a massive volcano.
85
00:12:25,994 --> 00:12:27,985
When did this start?
- Two days ago, master.
86
00:12:28,816 --> 00:12:30,217
Two days?
87
00:12:33,361 --> 00:12:35,445
You, pass me some fish.
Can I have two?
88
00:12:36,558 --> 00:12:37,922
Where are you going with those?
89
00:12:38,123 --> 00:12:39,747
Poseidon's island.
90
00:12:39,747 --> 00:12:44,050
I've got an offering to make. -You have
a feast to attend. -I won't be late.
91
00:13:00,504 --> 00:13:03,878
Thera was too small to be self sufficient
92
00:13:03,879 --> 00:13:06,458
but this Geographical position
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00:13:06,458 --> 00:13:07,616
Made it the key trading hub
within the Mediterranian.
94
00:13:15,578 --> 00:13:18,597
It's merchants acted as middleman,
95
00:13:18,598 --> 00:13:22,669
trading metal, olive oil, vine, pottery and spices
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00:13:22,670 --> 00:13:27,541
from Africa and Asia,
and other parts of Europe.
97
00:13:35,837 --> 00:13:38,714
Evidence of this wealth
can be seen today
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00:13:39,127 --> 00:13:46,241
Their streets were lined with
multi-storey houses, decorated
with elaborate wall paintings.
99
00:13:48,468 --> 00:13:51,871
They built the world's first
indoor toilets, connected
100
00:13:52,419 --> 00:14:00,090
to an underground sewage system -
a luxury most Europeans would not
enjoy for another 2,000 years.
101
00:14:07,545 --> 00:14:12,054
Presiding over this prosperous
society was the priesthood.
102
00:14:30,710 --> 00:14:32,572
My son's wife, Pinaruti.
103
00:14:33,609 --> 00:14:35,206
Welcome.
104
00:14:35,542 --> 00:14:38,338
I've brought you oil,
to honour your island goddess.
105
00:14:39,154 --> 00:14:41,078
That's for the high
priestess, not for me.
106
00:14:42,416 --> 00:14:44,764
Come, I'll take you to her.
107
00:15:05,818 --> 00:15:09,102
High priestess? Yishharu's wife.
108
00:15:12,391 --> 00:15:17,159
Oil from the fields of sacred
Mount Juktas to honour
your island goddess.
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00:15:21,946 --> 00:15:23,506
Come with me.
110
00:15:32,523 --> 00:15:36,933
Minoan women were remarkably
independent and influential.
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00:15:42,891 --> 00:15:46,949
The most influential of all
were the priestesses.
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00:15:52,326 --> 00:15:55,259
Their role was to communicate with
the gods,
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00:15:55,572 --> 00:15:57,613
often through elaborate rituals,
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00:15:57,851 --> 00:16:01,515
in which saffron seems to
have been used as a hallucinogenic.
115
00:16:03,558 --> 00:16:06,069
Queracio welcomes you to
Thera, Pinaruti.
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00:16:06,865 --> 00:16:09,159
And we welcome you in her name.
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00:16:09,386 --> 00:16:12,422
Join us to give thanks
for your safe arrival here.
118
00:16:24,235 --> 00:16:26,050
Don't forget your offering.
119
00:16:28,115 --> 00:16:35,283
Like other ancient civilisations,
the Minoans believed that all
things were inhabited by gods.
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00:16:44,252 --> 00:16:49,288
There were gods for every
natural phenomenon, from childbirth
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00:16:49,559 --> 00:16:54,667
to earthquakes, to stormy seas,
to mountain peaks.
122
00:16:59,814 --> 00:17:07,289
These gods weren't all seen as benign
and merciful, but as temperamental
and sometimes vindictive.
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00:17:40,032 --> 00:17:44,200
Offerings were made by those
seeking favour from the gods.
124
00:17:45,202 --> 00:17:53,293
And it was through ritual ceremonies
that the priesthood sought
clarity on the gods' desires.
125
00:18:28,667 --> 00:18:33,897
But in 1620 BC,
the Minoans' complex
belief system was
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00:18:34,180 --> 00:18:40,494
about to be blown apart by geological
forces beyond their understanding.
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00:19:07,132 --> 00:19:09,321
It's OK, Pinaruti.
128
00:19:16,721 --> 00:19:20,261
One of the first signs that the
volcano was stirring would have been
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00:19:20,429 --> 00:19:25,795
hydrothermal explosions triggered
by superheated ground water.
130
00:19:33,105 --> 00:19:34,918
You saw something.
131
00:19:36,322 --> 00:19:38,676
What was it?
132
00:19:38,677 --> 00:19:41,379
I don't know. I don't understand.
133
00:19:41,936 --> 00:19:43,318
Try.
134
00:19:51,094 --> 00:19:53,283
It was Yishharu.
135
00:19:54,665 --> 00:19:56,219
He was in danger.
136
00:19:57,535 --> 00:19:59,204
What kind of danger?
137
00:20:06,041 --> 00:20:08,751
The sacrificial axe
was dripping in blood.
138
00:20:10,550 --> 00:20:12,348
His blood.
139
00:20:13,939 --> 00:20:16,785
Why would I see something like that?
140
00:20:19,962 --> 00:20:25,568
Sometimes our visions
don't come from the gods,
but from our own fears.
141
00:20:27,058 --> 00:20:29,426
This place is strange to you.
142
00:20:32,178 --> 00:20:35,273
And perhaps you're
unsure of your husband.
143
00:20:40,394 --> 00:20:42,382
Come.
144
00:20:42,777 --> 00:20:45,026
We have a celebration
to prepare for.
145
00:21:28,089 --> 00:21:32,775
We're here to welcome
my son's new wife, Pinaruti.
146
00:21:36,497 --> 00:21:39,784
She's the daughter of my loyal
business companion, Piteri.
147
00:21:40,220 --> 00:21:43,473
She is a Cretan,
but let's not hold that against her.
148
00:21:57,637 --> 00:22:00,739
Ah,
good of you to join us, Yishharu.
149
00:22:06,310 --> 00:22:07,550
Welcome.
150
00:22:12,706 --> 00:22:15,571
Now, I've seen many
things in this world.
151
00:22:16,284 --> 00:22:17,936
Dolphins in the Straits of Hazim.
152
00:22:19,080 --> 00:22:21,928
I've chased dolphins
across the Straits of Hazim.
153
00:22:23,562 --> 00:22:27,141
I've loaded my ships
with treasures from Egypt.
154
00:22:27,598 --> 00:22:30,329
I've fought
pirates off the shores of Elias.
155
00:22:30,115 --> 00:22:34,368
But none of it compares
to the magnificence of
this beautiful island.
156
00:22:34,532 --> 00:22:39,575
But none of it, none it compares
to the magnificence of this island.
157
00:22:40,067 --> 00:22:43,319
An island I like to believe I've
played a small part in making great.
158
00:22:44,195 --> 00:22:45,918
Sorry I was late.
159
00:22:46,226 --> 00:22:47,878
Without Cretan middlemen...
160
00:22:48,861 --> 00:22:49,895
Did you make your offering?
161
00:22:52,805 --> 00:22:54,839
Something happened at the sanctuary.
162
00:22:56,023 --> 00:22:59,194
The ground cracked. There was
this fountain of boiling water.
163
00:22:59,475 --> 00:23:00,693
I don't know where it came from.
164
00:23:01,365 --> 00:23:04,587
It was as if the whole island was...
Was being torn apart.
165
00:23:06,170 --> 00:23:08,295
At the bull leaping,
you said that the ground shook.
166
00:23:09,504 --> 00:23:10,978
You should tell your father.
167
00:23:23,203 --> 00:23:28,120
I had hoped that my only son
would follow in my wake
and take to the seas.
168
00:23:29,041 --> 00:23:35,000
Until now he's
put his blood and sweat into bulls,
and temple priestesses.
169
00:23:38,930 --> 00:23:42,051
Here's hoping that his wife
can make a better man of him.
170
00:23:45,401 --> 00:23:46,824
He's drunk, let's go.
171
00:23:47,305 --> 00:23:52,136
We can't. This is in our honour.
- You think this is for us?
172
00:24:17,985 --> 00:24:20,275
My advice
to anyone who marries is this.
173
00:24:24,214 --> 00:24:25,847
Enjoy every day,
174
00:24:27,260 --> 00:24:31,408
because you never know when the gods
will decide to take away what
is most precious to you.
175
00:24:31,783 --> 00:24:35,289
They've blessed you, Rusa.
176
00:25:27,153 --> 00:25:30,508
You tell us that they want
us to do this, do that.
177
00:25:31,418 --> 00:25:35,219
We do it because you say so.
178
00:25:35,220 --> 00:25:39,992
But still they punish us.
- This is intolerable.
179
00:25:40,999 --> 00:25:43,603
I don't speak to you.
180
00:25:43,604 --> 00:25:47,469
Rusa you giving us a wonderfull...
- Will dispower over us.
181
00:25:47,599 --> 00:25:49,480
You tell us you know the gods will.
182
00:25:49,824 --> 00:25:52,945
But, they don't speak to you!
183
00:26:20,426 --> 00:26:20,951
Yishharu!
184
00:26:21,951 --> 00:26:22,733
Yishharu!
185
00:27:00,791 --> 00:27:02,119
Get down!
186
00:27:12,843 --> 00:27:14,666
Where's Yishharu?
- I don't know.
187
00:27:25,460 --> 00:27:30,321
One of the Minoans' most
powerful gods was the Earth Shaker.
188
00:27:32,583 --> 00:27:34,572
And for good reason.
189
00:27:37,615 --> 00:27:42,980
Structural damage uncovered on Thera
shows that around 1620 BC
190
00:27:43,756 --> 00:27:46,685
they were exposed
to an enormous earthquake.
191
00:27:47,116 --> 00:27:50,360
Measuring more than
seven on the Richter scale.
192
00:27:57,821 --> 00:28:02,433
Their buildings were designed to
withstand minor tremors and quakes.
193
00:28:03,285 --> 00:28:07,206
Thick timber frames had been
used to give them extra strength.
194
00:28:09,188 --> 00:28:15,973
Until finally, this quake, strong
enough to shatter these stone steps,
195
00:28:16,996 --> 00:28:22,713
set in motion an irreversible chain
of events for the people of Thera.
196
00:28:26,970 --> 00:28:28,154
Stay still.
197
00:29:10,301 --> 00:29:11,042
Hey, little lady.
198
00:29:13,142 --> 00:29:14,564
Has your husband left you already?
199
00:29:18,014 --> 00:29:19,234
You should try the temple.
200
00:29:20,242 --> 00:29:21,728
He used to find his peace there.
201
00:30:21,232 --> 00:30:22,167
Quick! Over here.
202
00:30:27,755 --> 00:30:28,890
Is he all right?
203
00:30:30,707 --> 00:30:31,692
Looks like he's alive.
204
00:30:38,102 --> 00:30:39,155
Hold on, there's someone else.
205
00:31:27,193 --> 00:31:30,310
We need to get this town back on it's feet.
206
00:31:34,083 --> 00:31:39,150
All your messing around, married now,
it's going to stop.
207
00:31:39,151 --> 00:31:41,108
It has.
208
00:31:41,896 --> 00:31:43,566
It wasn't what it look like.
209
00:31:43,567 --> 00:31:46,362
You expect your new wife to belive that.
210
00:31:47,183 --> 00:31:49,325
What can I do, what can I say?
- Nothing!
211
00:31:49,326 --> 00:31:52,212
Only you know why you went to the Templ.
212
00:31:52,742 --> 00:31:56,384
Pinaruti only knows what she saw.
Or we also.
213
00:31:56,385 --> 00:31:58,687
There is no excuse for you done.
214
00:32:04,904 --> 00:32:06,679
Listen,
215
00:32:06,680 --> 00:32:09,615
you think fight and damage
challenging bull is brave,
216
00:32:10,441 --> 00:32:14,921
believe me,
marriage is the true test of courage.
217
00:32:15,680 --> 00:32:22,902
Besides, father is important bussines ally,
not if she decides to divorce you.
218
00:32:27,921 --> 00:32:32,650
A legal code discovered on Crete,
suggests that Minoan women
219
00:32:32,851 --> 00:32:37,484
had more rights in marriage,
then an any other society at the time.
220
00:32:40,681 --> 00:32:45,306
If they divorced, women were
in title to reclaim the dowry.
221
00:32:49,782 --> 00:32:56,244
In cases of adultery, only the men
were punished.
222
00:33:12,997 --> 00:33:15,172
Look, I only went to the temple
to get away from my father.
223
00:33:16,139 --> 00:33:17,234
I didn't know she'd be there.
224
00:33:18,200 --> 00:33:21,344
I don't want your excuses.
Everyone knows what you've
been doing with that woman.
225
00:33:23,017 --> 00:33:24,529
Even your father jokes about it.
226
00:33:26,023 --> 00:33:28,189
You've humiliated me, Yishharu.
227
00:33:28,562 --> 00:33:30,117
I won't stand for it.
228
00:33:31,084 --> 00:33:32,691
As soon as I knew she
was there, I told her...
229
00:33:32,935 --> 00:33:34,121
You told her it was over.
230
00:33:36,115 --> 00:33:37,837
I told her that...
- It was a goodbye.
231
00:33:44,405 --> 00:33:45,757
Yeah, it was goodbye.
232
00:33:53,637 --> 00:33:56,237
We need to restore normality
as soon as possible.
233
00:33:57,370 --> 00:33:59,435
Get them back into their homes.
- It's too soon.
234
00:34:03,056 --> 00:34:04,700
Their homes aren't safe yet.
235
00:34:05,489 --> 00:34:08,548
The houses may be damaged, but
most of them are still standing.
236
00:34:11,327 --> 00:34:14,212
The houses have been weakened.
We need to make them safe
before the people return.
237
00:34:14,496 --> 00:34:18,875
And expect people to leave
everything behind for
thieves to steal?
238
00:34:21,840 --> 00:34:23,104
Anything of value
can be safely stored.
239
00:34:23,701 --> 00:34:26,328
In the basements
or under the door frames
where the buildings are strongest.
240
00:34:26,893 --> 00:34:28,435
Then we seal up the doors.
241
00:34:32,628 --> 00:34:34,849
And the people go where?
242
00:34:35,227 --> 00:34:37,641
You expect them to
camp in the streets?
243
00:34:40,104 --> 00:34:42,995
I move them out of the city
while we repair the buildings.
244
00:34:44,260 --> 00:34:45,641
Priestess?
245
00:34:47,537 --> 00:34:49,331
Enough lives have been lost.
246
00:34:50,238 --> 00:34:53,248
We set up camps until the
houses can be made safe.
247
00:34:54,761 --> 00:34:56,321
And, Rusa,
248
00:34:56,746 --> 00:34:59,134
the buildings are not
all we have to repair.
249
00:34:59,801 --> 00:35:01,673
You take care of the gods, priestess.
250
00:35:02,026 --> 00:35:03,346
I'll get the town up and running.
251
00:35:14,907 --> 00:35:19,077
Archaeological evidence reveals that
the earthquake damage was so severe
252
00:35:19,645 --> 00:35:21,709
that the Therans had to
leave their homes.
253
00:35:24,134 --> 00:35:26,527
Their precious possessions
were discovered stored
254
00:35:27,058 --> 00:35:30,564
beneath solid structures like
wooden doorways and under beds.
255
00:35:32,073 --> 00:35:35,342
And the entrances to their houses
were found sealed.
256
00:35:39,246 --> 00:35:43,629
Unlike Pompeii, no human remains
have been found in the town,
257
00:35:43,996 --> 00:35:50,221
suggesting the islanders moved
to temporary camps, imagining
they'd be coming home soon.
258
00:36:02,420 --> 00:36:08,020
For over 17,000 years the magma chamber
under Thera had been sealed,
259
00:36:08,021 --> 00:36:12,198
But the earthquake had fractured the chamber...
260
00:36:12,199 --> 00:36:15,230
Allowing the magma to rise.
261
00:37:25,644 --> 00:37:28,296
You're as pious
as a priestess, Pinaruti.
262
00:37:30,352 --> 00:37:33,871
There are others on this island
who could learn from your example.
263
00:37:35,433 --> 00:37:36,665
Rusa?
264
00:37:39,989 --> 00:37:41,875
He lost a wife.
265
00:37:43,871 --> 00:37:48,355
And he blames the priestess
for failing to placate
the Goddess Eileithyia.
266
00:37:48,780 --> 00:37:50,855
She died during childbirth?
267
00:38:03,496 --> 00:38:05,524
They were only newly married.
268
00:38:08,098 --> 00:38:13,103
Ever since, he's found it difficult
to put his trust in us.
269
00:38:15,120 --> 00:38:17,732
If we can't trust you,
who can we trust?
270
00:38:41,850 --> 00:38:47,209
As the magma rose it releases Sulfor,
and other poisons gases.
271
00:38:52,106 --> 00:38:57,321
More omen signs of the intending erruption.
272
00:39:00,630 --> 00:39:03,510
Are you sure it's safe to be this close?
- It's fine.
273
00:39:08,768 --> 00:39:10,080
But what's that smell?
274
00:39:10,080 --> 00:39:11,368
It's like rotten eggs.
275
00:39:12,647 --> 00:39:13,763
That's the smell of the water.
276
00:39:14,208 --> 00:39:15,919
I believe it drives
the bad spirits away.
277
00:39:18,006 --> 00:39:19,570
We don't know why it smells.
278
00:39:21,506 --> 00:39:23,550
Or why it's so lovely and hot.
279
00:39:27,003 --> 00:39:28,474
Come in, it's great!
280
00:39:38,053 --> 00:39:39,352
What's wrong?
281
00:39:39,700 --> 00:39:40,906
Yishharu.
282
00:39:41,538 --> 00:39:42,694
Yishharu, quick, get back.
283
00:39:58,807 --> 00:40:00,970
The ocean... The ocean is turning!
284
00:40:11,733 --> 00:40:13,896
You don't think this is a sign?
285
00:40:13,897 --> 00:40:17,745
Everyrhing is a sign, Yishharu,
the nothing is a sign.
286
00:40:17,746 --> 00:40:20,451
If the gods are angry what,
I'm to do about it?
287
00:40:20,745 --> 00:40:24,630
Send the courier to the Crete, to Piteri,
tell him his cargo will sail in the morning,
288
00:40:24,630 --> 00:40:26,217
And that his doughter is safe.
289
00:40:27,513 --> 00:40:31,417
And instead of worring about dead fish,
Yishharu, try keep it that way
290
00:40:44,100 --> 00:40:46,229
So what did he say?
291
00:40:46,230 --> 00:40:49,726
He says that everything is a sign
and nothing is a sign.
292
00:40:50,733 --> 00:40:52,701
Doesn't take it seriously.
293
00:40:55,976 --> 00:40:58,150
A high priestess told me about your mother.
294
00:41:00,407 --> 00:41:01,388
I don't know her...
295
00:41:03,237 --> 00:41:04,563
...Just a few hours old.
296
00:41:04,756 --> 00:41:07,277
And he blames the priestesses.
297
00:41:11,872 --> 00:41:13,781
Who do you blame?
298
00:41:13,782 --> 00:41:16,191
I don't know enough
to know who to blame.
299
00:41:21,539 --> 00:41:23,868
I just wish I was better
at understanding the gods.
300
00:41:32,355 --> 00:41:36,514
They're trying to tell us something.
- Your father's a powerfuland and sensible man,
Yishharu.
301
00:41:36,744 --> 00:41:38,041
When he talks,
everyone listens to him.
302
00:41:40,112 --> 00:41:42,552
If you can just convince him that
this is a warning from the gods.
303
00:41:42,775 --> 00:41:45,218
My father's faith in the gods ended
when they stole my mother from me.
304
00:42:04,706 --> 00:42:07,421
Where are you going?
- I need to talk to a priestess.
305
00:42:08,232 --> 00:42:09,500
High priestess.
306
00:42:09,773 --> 00:42:11,653
Bansabira will know
what the gods want.
307
00:42:23,533 --> 00:42:25,825
Pressure from rising magma
308
00:42:25,827 --> 00:42:31,204
blasted out a plug of rock that had
blocked the mouth of the volcano
for thousands of years.
309
00:42:43,875 --> 00:42:45,714
This was a pre-eruption.
310
00:42:46,407 --> 00:42:49,365
Simply the volcano
clearing its throat.
311
00:42:54,807 --> 00:42:58,782
Previous generations would have
witnessed small eruptions like this,
312
00:43:01,414 --> 00:43:03,894
and seen them
as signs from the gods.
313
00:43:05,513 --> 00:43:10,139
Signs that the priesthood
was expected to understand.
314
00:43:10,400 --> 00:43:11,693
Priestess?
315
00:43:14,559 --> 00:43:15,614
What is this smell?
316
00:43:21,429 --> 00:43:22,698
What do we do?
317
00:43:25,691 --> 00:43:27,692
The Earth Shaker is speaking to us.
318
00:43:28,900 --> 00:43:31,707
Just as he spoke to our forefathers.
319
00:43:33,430 --> 00:43:35,729
We must respond as they did.
320
00:43:53,446 --> 00:43:57,184
For the Minoans, there was no
better way to appease unpredictable
321
00:43:57,185 --> 00:44:00,966
and violent gods than to make
an offering.
322
00:44:09,913 --> 00:44:13,272
These were made at sanctuarys
high at the mountains.
323
00:44:13,273 --> 00:44:17,205
The closest they could physicaly
get to the gods.
324
00:44:18,522 --> 00:44:22,028
In Crete alone, 23 sites
have been discovered,
325
00:44:22,029 --> 00:44:25,778
littered with a remains
of thousands of clay figurines.
326
00:44:28,948 --> 00:44:32,300
Clay body parts were thoughts to be for healing.
327
00:44:33,612 --> 00:44:37,609
Clay animals, a plea for healthy lives.
328
00:45:07,721 --> 00:45:10,354
Your father didn't seefit to join us.
- He's busy.
329
00:45:11,472 --> 00:45:12,988
Is that so?
330
00:45:13,753 --> 00:45:16,112
Our mayor is too busy
to honour the gods!
331
00:45:27,747 --> 00:45:29,611
Where is everyone?
332
00:45:30,370 --> 00:45:34,255
We'd nearly be done if my men
didn't disapear at the mountain
every time the earth shook.
333
00:45:37,966 --> 00:45:43,499
Minoian peak sanctuaries have also been
found littered with animal bones.
334
00:45:44,578 --> 00:45:47,209
Goats, sheep, pigs,
335
00:45:47,974 --> 00:45:49,357
even bulls.
336
00:45:53,936 --> 00:45:56,448
A sacrifice of blood,
337
00:45:56,449 --> 00:46:00,624
was thought to be the most powerful
ofer in of all.
338
00:46:39,198 --> 00:46:43,523
Poseidon, raging lord of the deep,
339
00:46:44,620 --> 00:46:47,964
Mover of the earth and the sea,
340
00:46:48,438 --> 00:46:50,886
Guardian of our fleet...
341
00:46:51,232 --> 00:46:54,735
we offer you
the sacred blood of bulls.
342
00:46:55,922 --> 00:46:59,741
May it drown your anger,
mighty dark-haired lord.
343
00:47:01,244 --> 00:47:05,825
Let us live in stillness
and peace once more.
344
00:47:06,823 --> 00:47:10,765
Hail, Poseidon,
ruler of the Earth and seven seas.
345
00:48:29,003 --> 00:48:34,112
The priesthood's power hinged on its
ability to keep the gods in check.
346
00:48:50,997 --> 00:48:55,727
But the forces unleashed beneath
Thera were now unstoppable.
347
00:49:27,183 --> 00:49:30,661
From volcanic deposits, we know that
the early stages of the eruption
348
00:49:31,015 --> 00:49:34,256
covered the island
with a sprinkling of light ash.
349
00:49:35,061 --> 00:49:37,980
Enough to contaminate
the water supply.
350
00:49:42,709 --> 00:49:45,159
What are you doing?
Are you trying to poison me?!
351
00:49:46,552 --> 00:49:48,288
She's trying to help!
352
00:49:49,059 --> 00:49:51,771
She's cursed.
(- She says: "She's cursed")
353
00:49:51,772 --> 00:49:53,682
And this water is cursed.
354
00:49:53,683 --> 00:49:57,247
Get away from me!
Go back where you came from!
355
00:49:59,622 --> 00:50:01,690
They're taking against Pinaruti.
356
00:50:03,321 --> 00:50:05,457
I'm sure she means no harm.
357
00:50:06,751 --> 00:50:10,366
This trouble began when SHE
arrived here. You know that.
358
00:50:11,434 --> 00:50:15,483
Rusa brought her here and we
know the gods don't favour him.
359
00:50:15,738 --> 00:50:19,101
Perhaps they're providing a way
for both of us to get what we want.
360
00:50:47,343 --> 00:50:48,950
Forgive me, priestess.
361
00:50:51,043 --> 00:50:52,936
I think I know what
Poseidon's asking for.
362
00:51:01,537 --> 00:51:02,552
Speak.
363
00:51:07,132 --> 00:51:09,279
I should have shared it earlier.
364
00:51:09,949 --> 00:51:12,430
When Pinaruti told me
about her vision...
365
00:51:13,207 --> 00:51:16,665
Go on.
- She saw a sacrifice.
366
00:51:18,536 --> 00:51:20,059
But it was not a bull.
367
00:51:22,253 --> 00:51:24,006
It was a person.
368
00:51:36,890 --> 00:51:37,950
Who?
369
00:51:42,510 --> 00:51:45,730
It was her own blood that was spilt.
370
00:51:48,630 --> 00:51:50,886
She was the sacrifice.
371
00:51:53,622 --> 00:51:55,759
Perhaps her vision
372
00:51:56,786 --> 00:52:00,989
is the gods' way of telling us
that she's not welcome.
373
00:52:03,150 --> 00:52:05,037
She's cursed.
374
00:52:09,411 --> 00:52:11,595
Tell Yidini to gather the people.
375
00:52:12,104 --> 00:52:14,235
I will speak to them
and restore order.
376
00:52:15,377 --> 00:52:23,263
But first I will consult with the gods and
clarify what it is Poseidon asks for.
377
00:53:27,935 --> 00:53:30,612
What would make this eruption
different from any other
378
00:53:30,784 --> 00:53:36,608
the Therans had experienced was the
interaction of two kinds of magma,
379
00:53:37,286 --> 00:53:40,717
triggering a catastrophic
chemical reaction.
380
00:53:47,322 --> 00:53:49,522
This chemical reaction would thrust
381
00:53:49,794 --> 00:53:55,511
an estimated 150 billion
tons of magma to the surface.
382
00:54:06,297 --> 00:54:12,879
And transform this eruption
into the greatest disaster
the ancient world had ever seen.
383
00:54:13,593 --> 00:54:15,079
Hail, priestess. Hail, priestess.
384
00:54:16,736 --> 00:54:20,596
High priestess,
the people wait to hear you.
385
00:54:43,129 --> 00:54:44,800
People of Thera.
386
00:54:46,093 --> 00:54:47,561
Everyone!
387
00:54:48,603 --> 00:54:50,290
Friends and colleagues.
388
00:54:51,804 --> 00:54:53,066
You must listen to me.
389
00:54:53,465 --> 00:54:54,725
This is preposterous.
390
00:54:57,649 --> 00:54:59,314
The blood of bulls is not enough.
391
00:55:00,414 --> 00:55:02,165
There is nothing more we can offer.
392
00:55:04,058 --> 00:55:05,948
The gods have given
us enough warning.
393
00:55:06,720 --> 00:55:09,712
We must leave the island
before it is too late.
394
00:55:11,379 --> 00:55:14,632
My fleet will sail at sunset.
We will leave the island
395
00:55:15,897 --> 00:55:17,563
till it is safe to return.
396
00:55:20,074 --> 00:55:24,480
There is only one authority we can
trust on this island. The truth.
397
00:55:34,618 --> 00:55:36,302
People of Thera,
398
00:55:37,629 --> 00:55:40,982
in order to restore
peace on our island,
399
00:55:41,704 --> 00:55:43,490
Poseidon has asked
for something more.
400
00:55:44,414 --> 00:55:48,952
What are you going to offer him now?
Lions? Elephants?
401
00:55:51,790 --> 00:55:54,565
Until peace and calm can be restored,
402
00:55:55,296 --> 00:55:59,968
those that want
to leave the island may do so.
403
00:56:00,611 --> 00:56:04,306
- You cannot stay here, surely?
- You have to do your duty, Rusa.
404
00:56:05,401 --> 00:56:07,516
And I have to do mine.
405
00:56:12,253 --> 00:56:14,628
There will be another sacrifice.
406
00:56:17,145 --> 00:56:19,382
This time I...
407
00:56:20,196 --> 00:56:24,852
will undertake it
on behalf of all of us.
408
00:57:27,332 --> 00:57:34,254
A superheated column of gas, ash
and rock blasted six miles
into the stratosphere...
409
00:57:35,224 --> 00:57:39,647
..forming a mushroom cloud
similar to an atomic bomb.
410
00:57:40,834 --> 00:57:47,574
This was a Plinian eruption, the
most deadly of all volcanic events.
411
00:57:53,018 --> 00:57:56,981
The sound of the eruption
was heard as far away as Egypt.
412
00:57:57,625 --> 00:58:02,273
And within minutes the plume
would it be seen from Crete.
413
00:58:12,381 --> 00:58:15,917
Everyone!
We need to leave the island now.
414
00:58:16,250 --> 00:58:18,226
To stay here is madness.
415
00:58:18,462 --> 00:58:21,026
Everyone, follow me. To the ships.
416
00:58:28,200 --> 00:58:30,331
Get your things
and meet me at the harbour.
417
00:58:31,812 --> 00:58:33,130
What now?
418
00:58:36,346 --> 00:58:38,140
We do as we planned.
419
00:58:38,418 --> 00:58:39,927
Bring me Pinaruti.
420
00:58:39,928 --> 00:58:42,191
We must fulfil the vision.
421
00:58:50,993 --> 00:58:53,598
What do you want?
- We're here for her, not you.
422
00:58:54,602 --> 00:58:58,494
Why? What do you want with her?
- High priestess orders...
423
00:58:58,495 --> 00:58:59,971
It's not your buiseness!
424
00:58:59,972 --> 00:59:03,378
She's my wife! That makes it my buisenes.
425
00:59:23,230 --> 00:59:25,936
We need every inch of every ship.
426
00:59:26,477 --> 00:59:28,953
OK, everybody. Cargo overboard.
427
00:59:35,462 --> 00:59:36,499
Make space, come on.
428
00:59:36,680 --> 00:59:38,364
Come on, move, move.
429
00:59:44,402 --> 00:59:46,958
We're leaving the city with my father.
- You're free to go, Yishharu.
430
00:59:47,238 --> 00:59:48,760
We're BOTH leaving.
- No!
431
00:59:49,862 --> 00:59:53,060
Pinaruti must fulfil her destiny.
The gods have demanded it.
432
00:59:53,254 --> 00:59:54,319
Her destiny is with me.
433
00:59:57,288 --> 01:00:00,932
Your vision, Pinaruti,
spelled out your destiny.
434
01:00:01,966 --> 01:00:05,492
We do not choose these things.
The gods decide for us.
435
01:00:05,984 --> 01:00:07,971
We must ensure it is fulfilled.
436
01:00:09,556 --> 01:00:10,382
What vision?
437
01:00:13,086 --> 01:00:15,604
What vision?!
- You said it wasn't clear.
438
01:00:18,185 --> 01:00:22,814
That it wasn't the gods speaking, it
was my own fears. And it wasn't me!
439
01:00:29,243 --> 01:00:30,738
It's not what I saw.
440
01:00:34,472 --> 01:00:36,211
What did you see?
441
01:00:44,693 --> 01:00:46,096
Who did you see?
442
01:00:49,673 --> 01:00:50,605
Who did you see?!
443
01:01:02,896 --> 01:01:03,771
After them!
444
01:01:29,657 --> 01:01:31,330
Yishharu, where are you?
445
01:01:39,096 --> 01:01:42,353
It was Yishharu's blood
she saw sacrificed.
446
01:01:43,740 --> 01:01:48,757
May Queracia forgive your deception,
Ariad. I'm not sure I can.
447
01:01:58,554 --> 01:02:02,479
We know what the gods have asked
for. The vision must be fulfilled.
448
01:02:02,741 --> 01:02:05,583
It wasn't clear enough. I don't think...
- Start thinking.
449
01:02:06,145 --> 01:02:08,701
The gods are tearing Thera apart.
450
01:02:08,852 --> 01:02:11,983
If you can't tell us why,
if you can't stop it,
451
01:02:12,164 --> 01:02:13,510
then what must the people think?
452
01:02:14,827 --> 01:02:18,476
Where is your power, Bansabira,
if you can't appease the gods?
453
01:02:19,513 --> 01:02:24,055
They've demanded a life and have
shown us who it must be.
454
01:02:32,908 --> 01:02:34,904
Find him.
455
01:02:42,244 --> 01:02:44,280
Keep going, come on.
- I'm slowing you down.
456
01:03:00,764 --> 01:03:03,582
What are you doing?
- If they catch you, they'll kill you.
457
01:03:04,410 --> 01:03:07,386
I'll get rid of them and comeback for you.
- What if you don't?
458
01:03:09,639 --> 01:03:11,704
Then you must find my father
and tell him what's happened?
459
01:03:12,475 --> 01:03:16,711
I'm scared, Yishharu.
I'm scared of losing you.
460
01:04:16,400 --> 01:04:18,120
In the first four hours of the eruption,
461
01:04:18,573 --> 01:04:23,635
the volcano ejected 5 billion tons
of magma.
462
01:04:26,391 --> 01:04:28,628
Day rapidly turned to night,
463
01:04:28,629 --> 01:04:32,938
As volcanic ash began to smother the island.
464
01:04:57,260 --> 01:04:59,041
You think killing me
will stop this, Bansabira?
465
01:04:59,737 --> 01:05:01,141
The gods want us all dead!
466
01:05:04,380 --> 01:05:09,215
As the magma cooled, it fell as pumice.
467
01:05:15,106 --> 01:05:16,682
Small stones and rocks
468
01:05:16,929 --> 01:05:22,916
filled with tiny bubbles of air,
deathly as the begun to accumulate.
469
01:05:23,407 --> 01:05:28,745
One at a time! Don't push!
Master, we've got to set sail!
470
01:05:31,711 --> 01:05:33,681
We'll make room for everyone!
471
01:05:39,473 --> 01:05:44,216
We need to make for the ships.
We should go, now!
472
01:05:47,514 --> 01:05:48,752
Look at him, Bansabira.
473
01:05:49,613 --> 01:05:51,727
Even your own people
don't believe in this.
474
01:05:54,174 --> 01:05:59,479
If we leave now we can make to the ships.
No one else has to die!
475
01:06:01,507 --> 01:06:02,637
Silence him!
476
01:06:05,860 --> 01:06:07,453
Forgive me.
477
01:06:13,479 --> 01:06:15,735
But it was ash, not pumice,
478
01:06:15,916 --> 01:06:17,877
that posed the more immediate
threat.
479
01:06:17,878 --> 01:06:21,878
Help! Help me!
480
01:06:22,487 --> 01:06:30,350
Volcanic ash isn't like ordinary
ash. It contains silicone.
481
01:06:30,351 --> 01:06:33,685
Please somebody, please help me!
482
01:06:33,686 --> 01:06:35,753
Please help!
483
01:06:35,754 --> 01:06:36,754
Help me, please!
484
01:06:37,199 --> 01:06:38,308
Once inhaled,
485
01:06:38,499 --> 01:06:43,301
it mixes with the moisture in the
lungs to form a liquid cement.
486
01:06:47,858 --> 01:06:49,976
It makes breathing difficult.
487
01:06:57,578 --> 01:07:00,612
Then impossible.
488
01:07:54,754 --> 01:08:02,524
Rusa! Pinaruti!
489
01:08:03,651 --> 01:08:06,194
Where's Yishharu?
- The priests came after us.
490
01:08:06,531 --> 01:08:09,927
They wanted me as a sacrifice.
He said he'd be back.
491
01:08:11,814 --> 01:08:13,663
Rusa, we've got to go!
492
01:08:17,033 --> 01:08:21,256
Take her to her father in Crete.
- No. No!
493
01:08:21,415 --> 01:08:26,781
No, I don't want to go without him.
- Tie her up if you have to. - No! No!
494
01:08:27,871 --> 01:08:33,434
Rusa! Rusa! Let me go!
495
01:08:33,797 --> 01:08:34,806
Let me go!
496
01:08:54,643 --> 01:08:56,058
Where is Yishharu?
497
01:08:59,234 --> 01:09:02,739
Where is my son,
you contemptible little coward?
498
01:09:03,272 --> 01:09:05,168
Sanctuary.
499
01:09:50,518 --> 01:09:53,235
Stop!
- Out of my way!
500
01:10:01,632 --> 01:10:04,854
As the crater widened,
sea water poured into it.
501
01:10:06,356 --> 01:10:10,528
On contact with the magma,
the water exploded as steam,
502
01:10:11,187 --> 01:10:13,799
triggering the next volcanic phase.
503
01:10:34,830 --> 01:10:37,334
The violent reaction
between water and magma
504
01:10:37,925 --> 01:10:40,487
created a phreatomagmatic eruption.
505
01:10:52,337 --> 01:10:55,121
It's estimated the sound
pressure from this explosion
506
01:10:55,567 --> 01:10:57,960
would have reached 300 decibels.
507
01:11:11,901 --> 01:11:15,786
The sheer force ripped
rocks from inside the crater,
508
01:11:16,405 --> 01:11:19,712
catapulting them
into the air like deadly missiles.
509
01:11:20,778 --> 01:11:22,234
Lava bombs.
510
01:11:45,396 --> 01:11:49,337
These burning chunks of magma
can be the size of a small truck
511
01:11:49,717 --> 01:11:50,981
and weigh up to eight tons.
512
01:12:39,861 --> 01:12:44,609
Turn back! Turn back!
513
01:12:46,387 --> 01:12:47,876
Turn back.
514
01:12:48,970 --> 01:12:50,706
There's nothing to go back to.
515
01:12:54,112 --> 01:13:01,180
Please, turn back. Please.
516
01:13:16,334 --> 01:13:17,587
With the crater widening,
517
01:13:17,915 --> 01:13:22,553
the pressure forcing the column
upwards started to drop.
518
01:13:24,866 --> 01:13:28,490
Gas and rock spilled from the sides
of the collapsing column.
519
01:13:39,724 --> 01:13:41,521
Known as pyroclastic flows,
520
01:13:41,955 --> 01:13:45,667
these superheated waves of gas
and rock reached speeds
521
01:13:45,800 --> 01:13:48,431
of up to 180 miles an hour,
522
01:13:50,166 --> 01:13:54,123
and temperatures of
700 degrees Celsius.
523
01:14:51,220 --> 01:14:56,747
You've taken all that's precious
to me. Is this all you have left?!
524
01:15:15,369 --> 01:15:16,541
Look!
525
01:15:17,172 --> 01:15:20,428
Look what your gods have done Bansabira...
526
01:15:22,405 --> 01:15:29,076
No matter what I can offer you,
it'll never be enough.
527
01:15:59,848 --> 01:16:01,858
As the pyroclastic
flows hit the sea,
528
01:16:02,402 --> 01:16:05,316
hot ash caused the water surface
to boil,
529
01:16:07,206 --> 01:16:08,220
propelling them along
530
01:16:08,487 --> 01:16:14,732
at an even faster
speed on superheated beds of steam.
531
01:16:22,671 --> 01:16:24,624
Come on, come on, row!
532
01:16:37,687 --> 01:16:40,301
Row, row, row, come on!
533
01:16:41,129 --> 01:16:43,125
Come on, row!
534
01:18:28,230 --> 01:18:29,776
The deadly impact of the eruption
535
01:18:30,330 --> 01:18:33,118
extended far beyond
the island of Thera.
536
01:18:48,803 --> 01:18:50,124
Hour after hour,
537
01:18:50,124 --> 01:18:56,371
Pyroclastic flows continiued pushing
volcanic debris, out into the sea,
538
01:18:57,740 --> 01:18:59,916
generating huge waves.
539
01:19:00,719 --> 01:19:02,974
Tsunamis.
540
01:19:07,524 --> 01:19:12,018
People on the nearby island of Crete
might have seen the warning signs.
541
01:19:12,534 --> 01:19:14,930
But had little time to react.
542
01:19:55,681 --> 01:19:58,424
Travelling at 200 miles an hour,
it would have taken
543
01:19:58,574 --> 01:20:02,632
only 20 minutes for the first
tsunami to reach Crete.
544
01:20:03,995 --> 01:20:07,775
Experts estimate that by the time
the waves hit the coastline,
545
01:20:08,489 --> 01:20:10,974
they would have been
over 60 feet high.
546
01:21:07,587 --> 01:21:12,444
New research has revealed that
a series of tsunamis ravaged towns
547
01:21:12,772 --> 01:21:15,503
all along Crete's northern
coastline for hours,
548
01:21:16,023 --> 01:21:18,863
if not days after the eruption.
549
01:21:23,901 --> 01:21:27,099
Killing an estimated 30,000 people.
550
01:21:35,719 --> 01:21:41,407
As for the people of Thera,
only very few would have survived.
551
01:21:53,687 --> 01:21:58,800
Experts of the only now were able to
determine thrue scale of the disaster.
552
01:22:00,718 --> 01:22:04,019
Recent investigations of
the seabed around the island,
553
01:22:04,381 --> 01:22:08,181
have revieled the deposits from a Piroclastic flows.
554
01:22:08,181 --> 01:22:15,454
Extend as far out as 20 miles,
reaching fitneses of 260 feet.
555
01:22:27,389 --> 01:22:32,612
Excavation of the island itself revieled
the force of Piroclastic flows.
556
01:22:33,093 --> 01:22:37,820
Sheared of the upper stores
of the buildings of Therra.
557
01:22:47,973 --> 01:22:53,704
They all were entombed under 60 feet
of ash and pumice.
558
01:23:26,585 --> 01:23:31,767
It was one of the most violent
vulcanic erruptions in human history.
559
01:23:38,789 --> 01:23:40,913
Three times larger than Krakatoa.
560
01:23:43,019 --> 01:23:45,396
100 times larger than
Mount St Helens.
561
01:23:46,777 --> 01:23:52,628
And 40,000 times more powerful
than the Hiroshima bomb.
562
01:23:56,822 --> 01:23:59,657
The ash from the eruption
plunged the Mediterranean
563
01:23:59,932 --> 01:24:01,094
into weeks of darkness.
564
01:24:02,567 --> 01:24:08,060
Global temperatures dipped, stunting
plant growth as far away as Britain.
565
01:24:15,554 --> 01:24:20,736
The impact of the erruption extended
beyond the death toe.
566
01:24:23,517 --> 01:24:26,666
Minoan society was
shaken to the core.
567
01:24:32,707 --> 01:24:37,121
Archaeological evidence reveals
that there was deep social unrest.
568
01:24:41,509 --> 01:24:45,355
Towns and temple palaces
were sacked and burnt.
569
01:24:50,825 --> 01:24:53,072
Humans sacrificed.
570
01:24:55,570 --> 01:25:01,396
Finally, a civilisation that
had lasted for over 1,300 years
571
01:25:01,801 --> 01:25:03,302
was invaded and absorbed
572
01:25:03,505 --> 01:25:07,496
by a warring Greek tribe
called the Mycenaeans.
573
01:25:12,818 --> 01:25:19,417
Stories of the disaster, however,
were passed on, retold, embellished.
574
01:25:36,347 --> 01:25:41,037
In the 4th century BC they reached
the Greek philosopher Plato.
575
01:25:41,037 --> 01:25:44,826
And inspired him to write
a morality tale, about the rise
576
01:25:44,921 --> 01:25:49,193
and fall, of a great civilisation
he called Atlantis.
577
01:25:51,093 --> 01:25:55,499
For centuries his tale
has been discounted as a legend.
578
01:25:56,233 --> 01:26:02,932
Until archaeologists on Therra
uncovered a lost world.
579
01:26:07,660 --> 01:26:15,662
From the evidence being unearthed here,
Platos tale has found traction in thruth.
580
01:26:16,757 --> 01:26:21,350
He wrote, "The island consists of
circular belts of sea and land,
581
01:26:21,350 --> 01:26:23,404
"enclosing one another.
582
01:26:25,138 --> 01:26:27,489
"A seaway
and harbour filled with vessels
583
01:26:27,589 --> 01:26:29,212
"and merchants from all quarters.
584
01:26:31,804 --> 01:26:33,339
"And the wealth they possessed
585
01:26:33,607 --> 01:26:37,554
"was so immense, that the like
had never been seen before.
586
01:26:41,840 --> 01:26:45,988
"In the sacred precincts of Poseidon
there were bulls at large,
587
01:26:46,233 --> 01:26:50,536
"and the ten princess hunted after
the bulls with staves and nooses.
588
01:26:52,908 --> 01:26:56,479
"Then there occurred portentous
earthquakes and floods,
589
01:26:56,670 --> 01:26:58,761
"and one grievous day and night
590
01:26:59,286 --> 01:27:03,351
"the island of Atlantis
was swallowed up by the sea...
591
01:27:05,741 --> 01:27:07,036
"..and vanished."
592
01:27:17,914 --> 01:27:21,072
And so a great and wonderful world,
593
01:27:21,592 --> 01:27:25,617
cut off in its prime by a disaster
of cataclysmic proportions,
594
01:27:26,403 --> 01:27:30,806
became the birthplace of one of
the greatest legends of all time...
595
01:27:32,368 --> 01:27:35,724
..Atlantis.
50225
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