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PETER REDDIEN: So same kind of setup here.
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D over plus, plus over plus, D over plus.
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And here I'm going to give you the SSR genotype.
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Now, I'm just going to give the letters at this point.
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If it's unclear, feel free to ask.
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It's A over A in this individual and B over B here.
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And in the offspring, this female, it is A over B.
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Is this an informative meiosis?
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I see people shaking their head.
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No, it is not.
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It's uninformative.
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Not informative.
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We know that this D gene went.
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This D allele went and the gamete that produced
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this individual.
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But we don't know which of these two A alleles
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went because they're the same.
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That was just like this thing we went through
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before that felt intuitive to you hopefully.
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We don't have heterozygosity at this SSR1 locus
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in this individual to see whether any two alleles went
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together or not.
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OK.
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Example three.
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Same setup.
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OK?
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Is this an informative meiosis?
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Anyone want to express why or why not?
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Great.
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The answer was this individual was heterozygous for the marker
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genes and was heterozygous for the disease allele.
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But you still can't tell which ones went together.
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Just having this setup doesn't guarantee that a meiosis will
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be informative because the problem was this parent
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had a genotype and an outcome that
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doesn't allow us to definitively say which of these two alleles
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went with the D gene.
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We know that the D gene, the D allele came,
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but we don't know which of these was partnered with it
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and the gamete that produced this female offspring.
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It could've been A, and then the B could've come from here.
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Or it could've been B, and then the A could've come from there.
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So it's uninformative.
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OK.
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4 of 5 here.
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What about this case?
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Now, I haven't written the disease genotype,
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but it's the same as in all these pedigrees.
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All right.
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I guess I'll write it.
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We know that the D allele came, and the A allele of that SSR
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came.
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It was the same genotype for the SSR and the D gene
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as in this, the meiosis that produced offspring.
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This one was not informative, and this one is informative
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because we can explicitly determine
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which of these two alleles of the SSR
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had to be co-transmitted with this D allele.
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Final example.
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OK, what about this outcome?
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Informative or not informative?
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Anyone want to express why?
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Yeah.
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STUDENT: Since it's informative, did you
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have to get the recessive gene [INAUDIBLE]??
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PETER REDDIEN: OK.
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Now, this individual is unaffected.
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So what's their genotype for the disease gene?
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STUDENT: Plus plus.
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PETER REDDIEN: Plus.
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So it's plus plus.
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And we know that this plus version
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of the gene, an allele of the gene we care about,
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was transmitted.
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And we know that the B version of SSR1 was transmitted.
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So this is informative.
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Doesn't have to transmit the disease carrying allele for it
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to be an informative meiosis.
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There's two alleles of the gene.
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Yeah.
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STUDENT: Knowing that it's informative,
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how much information can that actually give you per linkage?
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Couldn't it just be random that A and D [INAUDIBLE] before it
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came together?
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PETER REDDIEN: That's right.
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Could be random.
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So if it was unlinked, we would expect
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recombinant and non-recombinant gametes to be 50-50.
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And what we're going to want to see
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is it deviating from that randomness.
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And that's what we'll do next.
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Yeah.
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STUDENT: Could you relate what you describe, the examples here
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with what you have?
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Two allele markers?
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PETER REDDIEN: Yeah.
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Yeah.
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So in this case, we have two alleles of the markers,
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and we have two alleles for the trait gene.
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And we can determine which ones went together.
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In this one, we don't have two alleles for the marker,
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so it's out.
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This one, we do have two alleles of the marker
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and two alleles for the trait gene,
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but we can't determine which ones went together.
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So it's out.
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This one, we do have two alleles of the marker, two alleles
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with the trait gene, and we can determine
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which ones went together.
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And same thing here.
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Two alleles of the marker, two alleles of the trait gene,
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and we can determine which ones go together.
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STUDENT: So I guess just because you
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have two alleles on the marker and two alleles on the trait
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gene doesn't necessarily mean it's informative
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but that it can be informative?
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PETER REDDIEN: Correct, it can be informative.
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But you still have to fulfill the second line there.
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You can determine which were transmitted together.
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