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1
00:01:18,537 --> 00:01:20,247
Dr. Oppenheimer.
2
00:01:21,582 --> 00:01:22,583
Dr. Oppenheimer.
3
00:01:24,168 --> 00:01:25,794
As we begin, I believe you have
4
00:01:25,878 --> 00:01:27,546
a statement to read
into the record.
5
00:01:29,590 --> 00:01:30,883
Yes, Your Honor.
6
00:01:30,966 --> 00:01:32,801
We're not judges, Doctor.
7
00:01:32,885 --> 00:01:33,886
No.
8
00:01:35,137 --> 00:01:36,138
Of course.
9
00:01:41,768 --> 00:01:44,605
Members of the security board,
10
00:01:44,688 --> 00:01:47,149
the so-called
derogatory information
11
00:01:47,232 --> 00:01:50,068
in your indictment of me
cannot be fairly understood,
12
00:01:50,152 --> 00:01:53,572
except in the context
of my life and my work.
13
00:01:54,823 --> 00:01:56,825
How long did he testify?
14
00:01:56,909 --> 00:01:58,535
Honestly, I forget.
15
00:02:00,162 --> 00:02:02,122
The whole hearing took a month.
16
00:02:02,206 --> 00:02:03,415
An ordeal, hmm?
17
00:02:03,498 --> 00:02:05,459
Well, I've only
read the transcripts.
18
00:02:07,961 --> 00:02:09,588
Who'd want to justify
their whole life?
19
00:02:09,671 --> 00:02:10,672
You weren't there?
20
00:02:10,756 --> 00:02:13,258
As chairman,
I wasn't allowed to be.
21
00:02:13,342 --> 00:02:15,886
Are they really
going to ask about it?
22
00:02:15,969 --> 00:02:17,846
-It was years ago.
-Four years ago...
23
00:02:17,930 --> 00:02:18,931
Five.
24
00:02:19,973 --> 00:02:21,517
Oppenheimer
still divides America.
25
00:02:21,600 --> 00:02:23,894
The committee is gonna want
to know where you stood.
26
00:02:23,977 --> 00:02:26,146
Senator Thurmond asked me to say
27
00:02:26,230 --> 00:02:28,232
not to feel that
you're on trial.
28
00:02:28,315 --> 00:02:31,485
Oh, funny, I didn't
till you just said that.
29
00:02:31,568 --> 00:02:33,278
-Really, Mr. Strauss...
-It's Admiral.
30
00:02:33,362 --> 00:02:36,490
Um, Admiral Strauss.
This is a formality.
31
00:02:36,573 --> 00:02:38,700
President Eisenhower has asked
you to be in his cabinet.
32
00:02:38,784 --> 00:02:40,619
Senate really has no choice
but to confirm you.
33
00:02:40,702 --> 00:02:42,996
And if they bring up
Oppenheimer?
34
00:02:43,080 --> 00:02:45,415
When they bring up Oppenheimer,
you answer honestly.
35
00:02:45,499 --> 00:02:47,751
No senator can deny
you did your duty.
36
00:02:47,835 --> 00:02:50,045
It'll be uncomfortable.
37
00:02:50,128 --> 00:02:52,005
Who'd want to justify
their whole life?
38
00:02:57,219 --> 00:02:59,429
Why did you leave
the United States?
39
00:03:01,765 --> 00:03:05,269
I, uh... I wanted to study
the new physics.
40
00:03:05,352 --> 00:03:06,854
Was there nowhere here?
41
00:03:06,937 --> 00:03:08,897
I thought Berkeley
had the leading
42
00:03:08,981 --> 00:03:10,691
theoretical physics department.
43
00:03:10,774 --> 00:03:13,360
Yes. Once I built it.
44
00:03:13,443 --> 00:03:14,987
But first I had to go to Europe.
45
00:03:15,070 --> 00:03:18,407
I went to Cambridge to study
under Patrick Blackett.
46
00:03:18,490 --> 00:03:20,868
Were you happier there
than in America?
47
00:03:20,951 --> 00:03:23,120
-Happier?
-Yes.
48
00:03:27,040 --> 00:03:30,002
No. No, I, uh...
49
00:03:33,046 --> 00:03:34,756
I was homesick, um...
50
00:03:35,841 --> 00:03:37,551
...emotionally immature...
51
00:03:39,136 --> 00:03:44,099
...troubled by visions
of a hidden universe.
52
00:03:55,110 --> 00:03:56,862
Useless in the lab.
53
00:04:01,950 --> 00:04:03,994
Christ, Oppenheimer.
54
00:04:04,077 --> 00:04:06,163
Have you had any sleep?
55
00:04:07,956 --> 00:04:09,249
Start again.
56
00:04:09,333 --> 00:04:11,543
I need to go
to the lecture, sir.
57
00:04:11,627 --> 00:04:13,170
Why?
58
00:04:13,253 --> 00:04:15,088
It's Niels Bohr.
59
00:04:18,050 --> 00:04:19,593
Damn, completely forgot.
60
00:04:19,676 --> 00:04:21,678
All right. Let's go.
61
00:04:24,515 --> 00:04:26,099
Oh, no, not you, Oppenheimer.
62
00:04:26,183 --> 00:04:27,309
You finish coating those plates.
63
00:04:27,392 --> 00:04:29,144
You see them?
64
00:04:34,691 --> 00:04:36,318
Don't forget to clean up!
65
00:05:07,933 --> 00:05:11,770
Quantum physics
is not a step forward,
66
00:05:11,854 --> 00:05:15,566
it is a new way
to understand reality.
67
00:05:15,649 --> 00:05:18,986
Einstein's opened the door,
now we are peering through,
68
00:05:19,069 --> 00:05:21,864
seeing a world inside our world.
69
00:05:21,947 --> 00:05:27,244
A world of energy and paradox
that not everyone can accept.
70
00:06:09,453 --> 00:06:10,829
Yeah, definitely.
71
00:06:13,582 --> 00:06:15,292
Niels, meet
J. Robert Oppenheimer.
72
00:06:15,375 --> 00:06:16,752
What's the "J" stand for?
73
00:06:16,835 --> 00:06:18,795
Nothing, apparently.
74
00:06:18,879 --> 00:06:19,880
You were at my lecture.
75
00:06:19,963 --> 00:06:21,465
You asked
the only good question.
76
00:06:21,548 --> 00:06:23,091
No one's denying his insight.
77
00:06:23,175 --> 00:06:25,511
It's his laboratory work that
leaves a little to be desired.
78
00:06:25,594 --> 00:06:27,304
I heard you give
the same lecture...
79
00:06:27,387 --> 00:06:30,390
At Harvard, yes, and you
asked the same question.
80
00:06:30,474 --> 00:06:31,600
Why ask again?
81
00:06:31,683 --> 00:06:32,976
Hadn't liked your answer.
82
00:06:34,603 --> 00:06:36,188
Did you like it better
yesterday?
83
00:06:36,271 --> 00:06:37,397
A lot.
84
00:06:37,481 --> 00:06:39,525
You can lift the stone
without being ready
85
00:06:39,608 --> 00:06:41,902
for the snake that's revealed.
86
00:06:41,985 --> 00:06:44,112
Now it seems you're ready.
87
00:06:44,196 --> 00:06:46,698
But you don't enjoy the lab?
88
00:06:46,782 --> 00:06:49,284
So get out of Cambridge
with its beakers and potions.
89
00:06:49,368 --> 00:06:52,204
Go somewhere they let you think.
90
00:06:53,247 --> 00:06:54,665
Where?
91
00:06:55,707 --> 00:06:56,708
Göttingen.
92
00:06:56,792 --> 00:06:58,669
-Born?
-Born.
93
00:06:58,752 --> 00:07:00,587
Get to Germany,
study under Max Born.
94
00:07:00,671 --> 00:07:03,090
Learn the ways of theory.
95
00:07:03,173 --> 00:07:04,258
I'll send word.
96
00:07:05,676 --> 00:07:07,135
Wormhole.
97
00:07:08,095 --> 00:07:09,388
How's your mathematics?
98
00:07:09,471 --> 00:07:11,473
Not good enough for
the physicist he wants to be.
99
00:07:11,557 --> 00:07:14,101
Algebra's like sheet music.
100
00:07:14,184 --> 00:07:16,562
The important thing isn't
"Can you read music?"
101
00:07:16,645 --> 00:07:17,604
It's "Can you hear it?"
102
00:07:17,688 --> 00:07:20,566
Can you hear the music, Robert?
103
00:07:21,859 --> 00:07:23,443
Yes, I can.
104
00:08:59,248 --> 00:09:00,791
The senator from Wyoming.
105
00:09:01,834 --> 00:09:04,127
Admiral Strauss, I'm interested
in your relationship
106
00:09:04,211 --> 00:09:06,964
with Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
107
00:09:07,047 --> 00:09:08,674
You met him in 1947?
108
00:09:08,757 --> 00:09:09,716
Correct.
109
00:09:09,800 --> 00:09:11,426
You were commissioner
110
00:09:11,510 --> 00:09:13,053
of the Atomic Energy Commission?
111
00:09:13,136 --> 00:09:16,932
I was, but I-I actually
met Robert in my capacity
112
00:09:17,015 --> 00:09:19,810
as board member of the
Institute for Advanced Study
113
00:09:19,893 --> 00:09:21,603
at Princeton because
114
00:09:21,687 --> 00:09:24,314
after the war,
he was world-renowned
115
00:09:24,398 --> 00:09:26,692
as the great man of physics,
and I was determined
116
00:09:26,775 --> 00:09:29,319
to get him to run the Institute.
117
00:09:38,579 --> 00:09:41,665
Dr. Oppenheimer. An honor.
118
00:09:41,748 --> 00:09:42,916
Mr. Strauss.
119
00:09:43,000 --> 00:09:44,168
It's pronounced "straws."
120
00:09:45,294 --> 00:09:46,753
Oh-ppenheimer, Oppenheimer.
121
00:09:46,837 --> 00:09:48,672
Whatever way you say it,
they know I'm Jewish.
122
00:09:49,965 --> 00:09:52,885
I'm president of Temple Emanu-El
in Manhattan.
123
00:09:52,968 --> 00:09:55,012
"Straws" is just
the Southern pronunciation.
124
00:09:55,095 --> 00:09:56,096
-Ah.
-Anyway,
125
00:09:56,180 --> 00:09:57,639
welcome to the Institute.
126
00:09:57,723 --> 00:09:59,349
I think you could be
very happy here.
127
00:09:59,433 --> 00:10:01,310
Yes, well,
you'll love the commute.
128
00:10:01,393 --> 00:10:02,644
The position comes
with that house
129
00:10:02,728 --> 00:10:04,104
for you and your wife
130
00:10:04,188 --> 00:10:06,106
and your, is it two children?
131
00:10:06,190 --> 00:10:07,149
Yes, two.
132
00:10:07,232 --> 00:10:10,110
I'm a great admirer
of your work.
133
00:10:10,194 --> 00:10:12,487
And you're a physicist
by training, Mr. Strauss?
134
00:10:12,571 --> 00:10:14,615
I'm sorry, uh,
common room 4:00 tea.
135
00:10:14,698 --> 00:10:17,326
No, I'm not trained in physics
or anything else.
136
00:10:17,409 --> 00:10:19,119
-I'm a self-made man.
-Ah.
137
00:10:19,203 --> 00:10:21,163
-I can relate to that.
-Really?
138
00:10:21,246 --> 00:10:23,498
Yes, my father was one.
139
00:10:23,582 --> 00:10:26,835
And this would be your office.
140
00:10:36,428 --> 00:10:38,305
I'm told he's there
most afternoons.
141
00:10:38,388 --> 00:10:40,474
You know, I've always wondered
142
00:10:40,557 --> 00:10:43,602
why you didn't involve him
in the Manhattan Project.
143
00:10:44,853 --> 00:10:48,106
Greatest scientific mind
of our time.
144
00:10:48,190 --> 00:10:50,192
Of his time.
145
00:10:50,275 --> 00:10:52,319
Einstein published
his Theory of Relativity
146
00:10:52,402 --> 00:10:55,030
more than 40 years ago now.
147
00:10:56,240 --> 00:10:58,700
But never embraced
the quantum world it revealed.
148
00:10:58,784 --> 00:11:00,118
"God doesn't play dice."
149
00:11:00,202 --> 00:11:02,287
Precisely.
150
00:11:02,371 --> 00:11:05,040
You never thought of studying
physics formally, Mr. Strauss?
151
00:11:05,123 --> 00:11:07,751
Well, I had offers,
but I chose to sell shoes.
152
00:11:07,835 --> 00:11:10,712
Lewis Strauss was once
a lowly shoe salesman.
153
00:11:11,922 --> 00:11:13,799
No, just a shoe salesman.
154
00:11:13,882 --> 00:11:15,634
Huh.
155
00:11:17,386 --> 00:11:19,721
-I'd love to introduce you.
-No need.
156
00:11:21,181 --> 00:11:22,599
I have known him for years.
157
00:11:44,037 --> 00:11:45,497
Albert.
158
00:11:50,169 --> 00:11:54,173
What was that?
What did you say to him?
159
00:11:56,425 --> 00:11:57,426
Oh, he's fine.
160
00:11:59,553 --> 00:12:02,681
Mr. Strauss,
there are things in my past
161
00:12:02,764 --> 00:12:04,266
you ought to be aware of.
162
00:12:04,349 --> 00:12:06,185
Well, as chairman of the AEC,
163
00:12:06,268 --> 00:12:07,644
I have access
to your security file.
164
00:12:07,728 --> 00:12:08,729
I've read it.
165
00:12:08,812 --> 00:12:10,355
-You're not worried?
-No.
166
00:12:10,439 --> 00:12:11,732
Why would I be worried
after everything
167
00:12:11,815 --> 00:12:13,192
you've done for your country?
168
00:12:13,275 --> 00:12:14,735
Well, times change, Mr. Strauss.
169
00:12:14,818 --> 00:12:16,820
Well, the purpose
of this institute
170
00:12:16,904 --> 00:12:19,114
is to provide a haven
for independent minds.
171
00:12:20,157 --> 00:12:23,243
That's you.
You are the man for the job.
172
00:12:23,327 --> 00:12:25,913
Well, then I'll consider it.
173
00:12:25,996 --> 00:12:27,831
I'll see you
at the AEC meeting tomorrow.
174
00:12:32,794 --> 00:12:34,087
This is one
of the most prestigious
175
00:12:34,171 --> 00:12:36,006
appointments in the country.
176
00:12:36,089 --> 00:12:38,050
Yes, with a great commute.
177
00:12:38,133 --> 00:12:40,594
That's why I'm considering it.
178
00:12:40,677 --> 00:12:42,304
So, Dr. Oppenheimer brought
179
00:12:42,387 --> 00:12:44,723
your attention
to his past associations
180
00:12:44,806 --> 00:12:45,933
before you appointed him?
181
00:12:46,016 --> 00:12:47,351
Yes.
182
00:12:47,434 --> 00:12:49,228
And it didn't concern you?
183
00:12:49,311 --> 00:12:51,104
Just then,
I was entirely consumed
184
00:12:51,188 --> 00:12:54,525
with what he must have said
to Einstein to sour him on me.
185
00:12:58,195 --> 00:12:59,154
But later?
186
00:12:59,238 --> 00:13:01,448
Well, we all know
what happened later.
187
00:13:01,532 --> 00:13:03,742
Doctor, your, uh...
your time in Europe,
188
00:13:03,825 --> 00:13:05,410
you seemed to meet
with a wide range
189
00:13:05,494 --> 00:13:06,912
of other countries' physicists.
190
00:13:06,995 --> 00:13:07,955
Yes, that's right.
191
00:13:08,038 --> 00:13:09,831
Any Russians?
192
00:13:11,208 --> 00:13:12,751
None that spring to mind.
193
00:13:12,835 --> 00:13:15,796
If you'll just allow me to
continue with my statement...
194
00:13:15,879 --> 00:13:18,507
Mr. Robb, you'll have ample
opportunity to cross-examine.
195
00:13:21,218 --> 00:13:23,762
After Göttingen,
I moved on to Leiden in Holland
196
00:13:23,846 --> 00:13:26,890
where I first met Isidor Rabi.
197
00:13:26,974 --> 00:13:29,226
Excuse me.
198
00:13:33,355 --> 00:13:35,649
A Yank,
lecturing on the new physics?
199
00:13:35,732 --> 00:13:36,733
This I have to hear.
200
00:13:36,817 --> 00:13:38,902
I'm an American myself.
201
00:13:38,986 --> 00:13:40,112
How surprising.
202
00:13:40,195 --> 00:13:41,488
Um...
203
00:13:41,572 --> 00:13:43,740
Let me know if you need
any help with the English.
204
00:13:57,754 --> 00:13:59,631
Wait, what's he saying?
205
00:14:10,225 --> 00:14:11,310
No, thank you.
206
00:14:11,393 --> 00:14:13,312
It's a long way to Zurich.
207
00:14:13,395 --> 00:14:15,063
You get any skinnier,
we're gonna lose you
208
00:14:15,147 --> 00:14:16,815
between the seat cushions.
209
00:14:16,899 --> 00:14:17,941
I'm Rabi.
210
00:14:18,025 --> 00:14:19,318
Oppenheimer.
211
00:14:19,401 --> 00:14:21,361
I caught your lecture
on molecules.
212
00:14:21,445 --> 00:14:22,446
Caught some of it.
213
00:14:23,488 --> 00:14:25,866
We're a couple of New York Jews.
How do you know Dutch?
214
00:14:25,949 --> 00:14:27,534
Well, I thought
I'd better learn it
215
00:14:27,618 --> 00:14:28,827
when I got here this semester.
216
00:14:28,911 --> 00:14:29,953
You learned enough Dutch
in six weeks
217
00:14:30,037 --> 00:14:32,122
to give a lecture
on quantum mechanics?
218
00:14:32,206 --> 00:14:33,665
Wanted to challenge myself.
219
00:14:33,749 --> 00:14:36,043
Quantum physics wasn't
challenging enough.
220
00:14:36,126 --> 00:14:37,711
-Schvitzer.
-Schvitzer?
221
00:14:37,794 --> 00:14:39,838
Show-off.
222
00:14:39,922 --> 00:14:41,590
Dutch in six weeks,
but you never learned Yiddish?
223
00:14:41,673 --> 00:14:43,550
They don't speak it so much
my side of the park.
224
00:14:43,634 --> 00:14:44,635
Screw you.
225
00:14:45,844 --> 00:14:47,304
You homesick?
226
00:14:47,387 --> 00:14:48,764
Oh, you know it.
227
00:14:49,806 --> 00:14:52,726
Ever get the feeling our kind
isn't entirely welcome here?
228
00:14:52,809 --> 00:14:53,810
Physicists?
229
00:14:53,894 --> 00:14:55,354
'S funny.
230
00:14:55,437 --> 00:14:57,481
Not in the department.
231
00:14:57,564 --> 00:14:58,774
They're all Jewish too.
232
00:15:00,984 --> 00:15:01,985
Eat.
233
00:15:04,780 --> 00:15:06,657
There's a German
you have to seek out.
234
00:15:07,699 --> 00:15:09,993
-Heisenberg.
-Right.
235
00:15:19,586 --> 00:15:21,088
One might be led
to the presumption
236
00:15:21,171 --> 00:15:23,549
that behind the quantum world,
237
00:15:23,632 --> 00:15:27,427
there still hides a real world
in which causality holds,
238
00:15:27,511 --> 00:15:29,763
but such speculation seem to us,
239
00:15:29,847 --> 00:15:32,391
to say it explicitly, fruitless.
Thank you.
240
00:15:32,474 --> 00:15:33,851
Have a great day.
241
00:15:39,273 --> 00:15:40,732
-Wonderful.
-Thank you.
242
00:15:40,816 --> 00:15:42,192
Dr. Oppenheimer.
243
00:15:42,276 --> 00:15:44,069
Oppenheimer, yes.
244
00:15:44,152 --> 00:15:45,988
I liked your paper on molecules.
245
00:15:46,071 --> 00:15:47,322
Probably because
you inspired it.
246
00:15:47,406 --> 00:15:49,032
If I inspire anything else,
let me know.
247
00:15:49,116 --> 00:15:50,200
We could publish together.
248
00:15:50,284 --> 00:15:51,910
I have to get back to America.
249
00:15:51,994 --> 00:15:53,871
Why? There's no one there
250
00:15:53,954 --> 00:15:55,914
taking quantum mechanics
seriously.
251
00:15:55,998 --> 00:15:57,666
That's exactly why.
252
00:15:57,749 --> 00:16:00,085
He's pining for the canyons
of Manhattan.
253
00:16:00,169 --> 00:16:02,421
Canyons of New Mexico.
254
00:16:02,504 --> 00:16:03,755
-You're from New Mexico?
-No.
255
00:16:03,839 --> 00:16:05,757
New York, but my brother
and I have a ranch
256
00:16:05,841 --> 00:16:08,010
outside Santa Fe.
257
00:16:08,093 --> 00:16:10,304
That's the America
I miss right now.
258
00:16:10,387 --> 00:16:12,472
Then it's best you get home,
cowboys.
259
00:16:12,556 --> 00:16:14,224
That's him.
260
00:16:14,308 --> 00:16:17,644
No, me and horses.
I don't think so.
261
00:16:17,728 --> 00:16:19,605
Nice to meet you.
262
00:16:21,523 --> 00:16:23,692
Did you ever encounter
Heisenberg again?
263
00:16:23,775 --> 00:16:26,278
Not in person, no, but, uh...
264
00:16:27,988 --> 00:16:29,781
...you might say
our paths crossed.
265
00:16:31,408 --> 00:16:33,744
On returning to America,
I accepted positions
266
00:16:33,827 --> 00:16:36,413
at both Caltech
and up at Berkeley.
267
00:16:40,250 --> 00:16:41,710
I got it, it's all right.
268
00:17:00,479 --> 00:17:02,231
Dr. Lawrence, I presume?
269
00:17:03,857 --> 00:17:05,192
You must be Oppenheimer.
270
00:17:05,275 --> 00:17:06,777
Yes.
271
00:17:06,860 --> 00:17:09,112
I hear you want to start
a school of quantum theory.
272
00:17:09,196 --> 00:17:10,948
I am starting it. Next door.
273
00:17:11,031 --> 00:17:12,699
-They put you in there?
-I asked for it.
274
00:17:12,783 --> 00:17:14,868
Wanted to be close
to you experimentalists.
275
00:17:14,952 --> 00:17:17,287
Theory will get you
only so far, huh?
276
00:17:17,371 --> 00:17:19,289
We're building a machine
to accelerate electrons.
277
00:17:19,373 --> 00:17:21,875
-Magnificent.
-Would you like to help?
278
00:17:21,959 --> 00:17:23,669
Build it? Oh, no.
279
00:17:23,752 --> 00:17:25,045
No, no.
280
00:17:25,128 --> 00:17:27,464
But I am working on theories
I'd like to test with it.
281
00:17:27,548 --> 00:17:28,549
When do you start teaching?
282
00:17:28,632 --> 00:17:30,384
I've got my first in an hour.
283
00:17:30,467 --> 00:17:32,427
-Seminar?
-Pupil.
284
00:17:32,511 --> 00:17:35,848
One student? That's it?
285
00:17:35,931 --> 00:17:38,517
I'm teaching something
no one here has dreamt of.
286
00:17:38,600 --> 00:17:40,519
But once people start hearing
what you can do with it...
287
00:17:40,602 --> 00:17:42,104
There's no going back.
288
00:17:44,356 --> 00:17:46,483
-Oh. I must have missed the...
-Ah. Lo...
289
00:17:46,567 --> 00:17:48,277
-Mr. Lomanitz?
-Na.
290
00:17:49,611 --> 00:17:50,612
Yeah.
291
00:17:50,696 --> 00:17:52,698
Yes, this is it. Please.
292
00:17:52,781 --> 00:17:53,782
Take a seat.
293
00:17:58,912 --> 00:18:00,539
What do you know
about quantum mechanics?
294
00:18:00,622 --> 00:18:02,958
I have a grasp on the basics.
295
00:18:03,041 --> 00:18:04,585
Then you're doing it wrong.
296
00:18:05,919 --> 00:18:08,130
Is light made up
of particles or waves?
297
00:18:08,213 --> 00:18:09,339
Quantum mechanics
says it's both.
298
00:18:09,423 --> 00:18:10,799
How could it be both?
299
00:18:10,883 --> 00:18:12,926
-It can't.
-It can't.
300
00:18:13,010 --> 00:18:17,514
But it is. It's paradoxical,
and yet, it works.
301
00:18:24,730 --> 00:18:25,731
Now.
302
00:18:27,608 --> 00:18:29,735
Thank you.
303
00:18:29,818 --> 00:18:32,529
Mr. Lomanitz.
You're gonna be okay.
304
00:18:32,613 --> 00:18:34,156
Mr. Snyder.
305
00:18:34,239 --> 00:18:35,741
Now let's consider a star.
306
00:18:35,824 --> 00:18:39,411
A star. A vast furnace
burning in outer space,
307
00:18:39,494 --> 00:18:42,539
fire pushing outwards
against its own gravity.
308
00:18:42,623 --> 00:18:44,249
Balanced.
309
00:18:44,333 --> 00:18:46,502
But if that furnace cools...
310
00:18:47,794 --> 00:18:49,713
...and gravity starts winning,
it contracts.
311
00:18:50,756 --> 00:18:51,715
Density increases.
312
00:18:51,798 --> 00:18:53,091
Correct.
313
00:18:53,175 --> 00:18:54,426
Increasing gravity.
314
00:18:54,510 --> 00:18:55,928
Increasing density.
315
00:18:56,011 --> 00:18:57,971
-And?
-It's a vicious cycle until...
316
00:18:58,055 --> 00:18:59,431
what's the limit here?
317
00:19:00,974 --> 00:19:03,185
I don't know.
See where the math takes us.
318
00:19:03,268 --> 00:19:04,770
I guarantee it's somewhere
no one's been before.
319
00:19:04,853 --> 00:19:06,897
Me?
320
00:19:06,980 --> 00:19:08,941
Yes, you.
Your math is better than mine.
321
00:19:10,817 --> 00:19:12,945
Dr. Oppenheimer's file
322
00:19:13,028 --> 00:19:15,364
contained detail
of his activities in Berkeley.
323
00:19:15,447 --> 00:19:16,865
Why would they have
started a file
324
00:19:16,949 --> 00:19:19,785
on Dr. Oppenheimer
before the war?
325
00:19:19,868 --> 00:19:22,246
Well, you'd have
to ask Mr. Hoover.
326
00:19:22,329 --> 00:19:24,122
I'm asking you, Admiral Strauss.
327
00:19:24,206 --> 00:19:27,084
Uh, my assumption is that
328
00:19:27,167 --> 00:19:30,379
it was connected to his, uh,
329
00:19:30,462 --> 00:19:32,714
left-wing political activities.
330
00:19:34,049 --> 00:19:35,592
You shouldn't let them
bring up politics
331
00:19:35,676 --> 00:19:36,927
in the classroom, Oppie.
332
00:19:37,010 --> 00:19:38,804
I wrote that.
333
00:19:38,887 --> 00:19:42,015
Lawrence, you embrace
the revolution in physics.
334
00:19:42,099 --> 00:19:44,059
Can't you see it
everywhere else?
335
00:19:44,142 --> 00:19:46,228
Picasso, Stravinsky,
Freud, Marx.
336
00:19:46,311 --> 00:19:47,646
Well, this is America, Oppie.
337
00:19:47,729 --> 00:19:49,106
We had our revolution.
338
00:19:50,274 --> 00:19:52,734
Seriously,
keep it out of the lab.
339
00:19:52,818 --> 00:19:55,904
Well, out of the lab,
my landlady
340
00:19:55,988 --> 00:19:58,699
is having a discussion group
tonight. Interested?
341
00:19:58,782 --> 00:20:00,826
I have sampled
the Berkeley political scene.
342
00:20:00,909 --> 00:20:02,953
It's all just
philosophy post-grads
343
00:20:03,036 --> 00:20:05,247
and Communists
talking integration.
344
00:20:05,330 --> 00:20:06,999
You don't care
about integration.
345
00:20:07,082 --> 00:20:08,834
I want to vote for it,
not talk about it.
346
00:20:08,917 --> 00:20:10,919
'Specially on a Friday.
Come on, let's eat.
347
00:20:11,003 --> 00:20:13,422
I'm meeting my brother there.
348
00:20:13,505 --> 00:20:15,090
And how would these activities
349
00:20:15,174 --> 00:20:16,300
have come to the attention
350
00:20:16,383 --> 00:20:17,342
of the FBI?
351
00:20:17,426 --> 00:20:19,386
Well, if I remember correctly,
352
00:20:19,469 --> 00:20:21,346
the FBI was taking
license plates
353
00:20:21,430 --> 00:20:23,599
outside suspected
Communist gatherings,
354
00:20:23,682 --> 00:20:25,350
and his name popped up.
355
00:20:33,358 --> 00:20:34,818
-Gotcha!
-Jesus Christ.
356
00:20:34,902 --> 00:20:37,029
-Sorry. Hi, brother.
-Frank.
357
00:20:38,113 --> 00:20:39,656
Uh, you remember Jackie.
358
00:20:39,740 --> 00:20:41,450
Evening.
359
00:20:41,533 --> 00:20:43,452
Let's go. Come.
360
00:20:43,535 --> 00:20:45,871
Right over there,
right over there.
361
00:20:46,997 --> 00:20:49,958
Robert. I want you
to meet Chevalier.
362
00:20:50,042 --> 00:20:53,587
Dr. Haakon Chevalier,
Dr. Robert Oppenheimer.
363
00:20:53,670 --> 00:20:54,671
-Pleasure.
-Pleasure.
364
00:20:54,755 --> 00:20:56,173
This is my little brother,
Frank.
365
00:20:56,256 --> 00:20:57,341
-And this is...
-Hello.
366
00:20:57,424 --> 00:20:59,426
-Still Jackie.
-Hello, Still Jackie.
367
00:20:59,510 --> 00:21:01,512
Chevalier, you're in languages?
368
00:21:01,595 --> 00:21:03,263
And your reputation
precedes you.
369
00:21:03,347 --> 00:21:04,723
-What have you heard?
-Excuse me.
370
00:21:04,806 --> 00:21:06,642
That you're teaching a radical
new approach to physics
371
00:21:06,725 --> 00:21:07,935
I have no chance
of understanding,
372
00:21:08,018 --> 00:21:09,520
but I hadn't heard
you're a Party member.
373
00:21:09,603 --> 00:21:11,688
-Uh, I'm not.
-Oh, not yet.
374
00:21:11,772 --> 00:21:13,690
Frank and I are thinking of
joining. Just the other day,
375
00:21:13,774 --> 00:21:15,526
-I was saying...
-I support a range of causes.
376
00:21:15,609 --> 00:21:17,236
The Spanish Civil War?
377
00:21:17,319 --> 00:21:18,862
A democratic republic
being overthrown
378
00:21:18,946 --> 00:21:20,113
by fascist thugs, who wouldn't?
379
00:21:20,197 --> 00:21:21,657
Our government.
380
00:21:21,740 --> 00:21:23,450
They think that socialism is
a bigger threat than fascism.
381
00:21:23,534 --> 00:21:24,701
Not for long.
382
00:21:24,785 --> 00:21:26,745
Look at what the Nazis
are doing to the Jews.
383
00:21:26,828 --> 00:21:29,373
I send funds to colleagues
in Germany to emigrate.
384
00:21:29,456 --> 00:21:31,458
I have to do something.
385
00:21:31,542 --> 00:21:34,837
My own work is so abstract.
386
00:21:34,920 --> 00:21:36,547
What are you working on?
387
00:21:36,630 --> 00:21:38,423
What happens to the stars
when they die.
388
00:21:38,507 --> 00:21:39,591
Do stars die?
389
00:21:40,968 --> 00:21:42,386
Well, if they do,
390
00:21:42,469 --> 00:21:44,346
they'd cool, then collapse.
391
00:21:44,429 --> 00:21:47,057
In fact, the bigger the star,
392
00:21:47,140 --> 00:21:49,560
the more violent its demise.
393
00:21:49,643 --> 00:21:51,270
The gravity gets so concentrated
394
00:21:51,353 --> 00:21:54,231
it swallows everything.
395
00:21:54,314 --> 00:21:55,232
Everything, even light.
396
00:21:55,315 --> 00:21:56,567
Can that really happen?
397
00:21:56,650 --> 00:21:58,277
The math says it can.
398
00:21:58,360 --> 00:21:59,486
If we can get published,
399
00:21:59,570 --> 00:22:01,446
then perhaps one day,
an astronomer finds one.
400
00:22:01,530 --> 00:22:03,240
But right now,
all I have is theory,
401
00:22:03,323 --> 00:22:05,158
which can't impact
people's lives.
402
00:22:05,242 --> 00:22:07,411
Well, if you're going
to send money to Spain,
403
00:22:07,494 --> 00:22:08,996
do it through
the Communist Party.
404
00:22:09,079 --> 00:22:10,372
They can get it
to the front lines.
405
00:22:10,455 --> 00:22:12,416
Mary sent me with these.
406
00:22:13,584 --> 00:22:16,253
-I'm Jean.
-Robert.
407
00:22:16,336 --> 00:22:17,462
Haakon Chevalier.
408
00:22:17,546 --> 00:22:19,381
The union meeting at Serber's
last month?
409
00:22:19,464 --> 00:22:20,757
Right, right, yes.
410
00:22:20,841 --> 00:22:22,176
Oh, thank you.
411
00:22:22,259 --> 00:22:24,511
Robert here says
he's not a Communist.
412
00:22:24,595 --> 00:22:26,722
Well, then he doesn't know
enough about it.
413
00:22:26,805 --> 00:22:29,183
Oh, I've read Das Kapital,
all three volumes.
414
00:22:29,266 --> 00:22:30,559
Does that count?
415
00:22:30,642 --> 00:22:32,853
It would make you better read
than most party members.
416
00:22:32,936 --> 00:22:35,147
Turgid stuff.
There's some thinking, um,
417
00:22:35,230 --> 00:22:36,481
"Ownership is theft."
418
00:22:36,565 --> 00:22:38,358
-"Property."
-"Property"?
419
00:22:38,442 --> 00:22:40,360
"Property," not "ownership."
420
00:22:40,444 --> 00:22:42,279
I'm sorry, I read it
in the original German.
421
00:22:43,322 --> 00:22:44,698
Well.
422
00:22:45,824 --> 00:22:47,075
It's not about the book.
423
00:22:47,159 --> 00:22:50,412
It's about the ideas.
And you sound uncommitted.
424
00:22:50,495 --> 00:22:51,914
Well, I'm committed
to thinking freely
425
00:22:51,997 --> 00:22:54,416
about how to improve our world.
426
00:22:54,499 --> 00:22:56,585
Why limit yourself to one dogma?
427
00:22:56,668 --> 00:22:59,588
You're a physicist,
you pick and choose rules?
428
00:22:59,671 --> 00:23:01,256
Or do you use the discipline
429
00:23:01,340 --> 00:23:03,258
to channel your energies
into progress?
430
00:23:03,342 --> 00:23:05,385
I like a little wiggle room.
431
00:23:06,803 --> 00:23:08,764
Do you always
tow the party line?
432
00:23:10,432 --> 00:23:11,975
I like my wiggle room too.
433
00:23:22,277 --> 00:23:24,738
What?
434
00:23:24,821 --> 00:23:25,822
Wait, wait, wait.
435
00:23:29,993 --> 00:23:31,620
Unexpected.
436
00:23:31,703 --> 00:23:33,539
-What?
-For a physicist.
437
00:23:33,622 --> 00:23:36,458
You only have a shelf
full of Freud?
438
00:23:36,542 --> 00:23:39,086
Well, actually,
my background's more...
439
00:23:39,169 --> 00:23:40,838
Uh, Jungian?
440
00:23:42,089 --> 00:23:43,340
You know analysis?
441
00:23:43,423 --> 00:23:45,801
When I was in post-grad
at Cambridge,
442
00:23:45,884 --> 00:23:47,135
I had a little trouble.
443
00:23:48,262 --> 00:23:50,889
-I'll bite.
-I tried to poison my tutor.
444
00:23:50,973 --> 00:23:51,974
Did you hate him?
445
00:23:52,057 --> 00:23:53,475
I liked him very much.
446
00:23:53,559 --> 00:23:55,352
You just needed to get laid.
447
00:23:55,435 --> 00:23:56,895
Took my analyst two years,
448
00:23:56,979 --> 00:23:58,981
and I don't think they
ever put it that succinctly.
449
00:23:59,064 --> 00:24:00,566
You have everyone convinced
450
00:24:00,649 --> 00:24:03,026
you're more complicated
than you actually are.
451
00:24:03,110 --> 00:24:04,945
We're all simple souls, I guess.
452
00:24:05,028 --> 00:24:06,280
I'm not.
453
00:24:09,116 --> 00:24:10,117
What's this?
454
00:24:10,200 --> 00:24:11,785
Sanskrit.
455
00:24:11,869 --> 00:24:13,036
You can read this?
456
00:24:13,120 --> 00:24:14,746
I'm learning.
457
00:24:19,168 --> 00:24:20,752
Read this.
458
00:24:22,504 --> 00:24:24,173
Well, in this part,
459
00:24:24,256 --> 00:24:26,216
Vishnu reveals
his multi-armed self...
460
00:24:26,300 --> 00:24:27,301
No.
461
00:24:28,427 --> 00:24:30,179
Read the words.
462
00:24:33,807 --> 00:24:36,476
"And now I am become Death.
463
00:24:42,232 --> 00:24:43,734
Destroyer of worlds."
464
00:25:14,932 --> 00:25:16,099
This'll do.
465
00:25:22,314 --> 00:25:24,024
It'll break before dawn.
466
00:25:24,107 --> 00:25:27,361
Air cools overnight,
just before dawn, it breaks.
467
00:25:30,155 --> 00:25:31,698
Come.
468
00:25:38,121 --> 00:25:41,583
Ah. So, I'm getting married.
469
00:25:41,667 --> 00:25:43,252
-Frank. Congratulations!
-Thank you.
470
00:25:43,335 --> 00:25:44,962
-Thank you.
-To Jackie?
471
00:25:45,045 --> 00:25:47,297
Yeah, to Jackie.
472
00:25:47,381 --> 00:25:48,465
The waitress.
473
00:25:48,549 --> 00:25:50,592
Oppie, you're right.
It's lettin' up.
474
00:25:50,676 --> 00:25:53,011
I'm gonna go see
if there's any stars.
475
00:25:53,095 --> 00:25:55,097
All your talk
about the common man,
476
00:25:55,180 --> 00:25:56,682
but Jackie's not good enough
for you, hmm?
477
00:25:56,765 --> 00:25:57,766
Mm-mm.
478
00:25:57,850 --> 00:25:59,142
We join the Party and you can't
479
00:25:59,226 --> 00:26:00,477
-hide your disapproval. Why?
-Oh, now, I...
480
00:26:00,561 --> 00:26:02,062
Is that because that's
supposed to be your thing?
481
00:26:02,145 --> 00:26:03,605
I haven't joined
the Party, Frank.
482
00:26:03,689 --> 00:26:06,358
And I don't think she should
have convinced you to either.
483
00:26:06,441 --> 00:26:07,985
Half of the faculty
is Communist.
484
00:26:08,068 --> 00:26:09,111
Not that half.
485
00:26:10,571 --> 00:26:13,282
I'm your brother, Frank,
and I want you to be cautious.
486
00:26:13,365 --> 00:26:14,575
And I want to wring your neck.
487
00:26:17,244 --> 00:26:20,038
I won't live my life
afraid to make a mistake.
488
00:26:22,165 --> 00:26:25,377
You're happy, I'm happy.
489
00:26:25,460 --> 00:26:26,962
So then I'm happy you're happy
490
00:26:27,045 --> 00:26:28,255
that I'm happy.
491
00:26:32,759 --> 00:26:34,011
I feel like I could see
492
00:26:34,094 --> 00:26:36,555
one of those dark stars
that you're working on.
493
00:26:36,638 --> 00:26:38,640
You can't.
That's the whole point.
494
00:26:39,766 --> 00:26:41,226
Their gravity swallows light.
495
00:26:42,686 --> 00:26:45,731
It's like a kind of
hole in space.
496
00:26:45,814 --> 00:26:47,024
Is Frank okay?
497
00:26:47,107 --> 00:26:49,401
Yes. He just has
a shitty brother.
498
00:26:50,736 --> 00:26:52,112
It is special here.
499
00:26:54,740 --> 00:26:57,159
When I was a kid,
500
00:26:57,242 --> 00:27:00,287
I thought if I could find a way
501
00:27:00,370 --> 00:27:04,583
to combine physics
and New Mexico,
502
00:27:04,666 --> 00:27:06,919
my life would be perfect.
503
00:27:08,337 --> 00:27:09,463
Little remote for that.
504
00:27:09,546 --> 00:27:10,714
Yes.
505
00:27:10,797 --> 00:27:12,299
Let's get some sleep.
506
00:27:13,509 --> 00:27:14,885
That mesa we saw today,
507
00:27:14,968 --> 00:27:17,095
one of my favorite places
in the world.
508
00:27:18,180 --> 00:27:19,556
And tomorrow we'll climb it.
509
00:27:19,640 --> 00:27:20,724
What's it called?
510
00:27:22,100 --> 00:27:23,894
Los Alamos.
511
00:27:27,397 --> 00:27:29,024
I didn't expect
to see you today.
512
00:27:30,651 --> 00:27:32,027
Do I have to make
an appointment?
513
00:27:34,279 --> 00:27:36,156
Hey! Hey, get back here!
514
00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:37,407
Alvarez?
515
00:27:43,330 --> 00:27:46,083
Oppie! Oppie!
516
00:27:46,166 --> 00:27:48,126
What? What is it?
517
00:27:48,210 --> 00:27:49,837
They've done it.
They've done it.
518
00:27:49,920 --> 00:27:51,004
Hahn and Strassmann in Germany.
519
00:27:51,088 --> 00:27:53,090
They split the uranium nucleus.
520
00:27:54,216 --> 00:27:55,634
How?
521
00:27:56,844 --> 00:27:58,679
Bombard it with neutrons.
522
00:27:58,762 --> 00:27:59,930
It's a nuclear fission.
523
00:28:00,013 --> 00:28:01,431
They did it,
they split the atom.
524
00:28:01,515 --> 00:28:02,975
It's not possible.
525
00:28:09,314 --> 00:28:10,649
I'm gonna try to reproduce it.
526
00:28:17,698 --> 00:28:19,616
See? Can't be done.
527
00:28:20,826 --> 00:28:24,079
Very elegant. Quite clear.
528
00:28:24,162 --> 00:28:26,874
-There's just one problem.
-Where?
529
00:28:26,957 --> 00:28:28,584
Next door.
530
00:28:28,667 --> 00:28:30,586
Alvarez did it.
531
00:28:30,669 --> 00:28:32,838
But then look...
532
00:28:32,921 --> 00:28:36,049
these fission pulses,
they're massive.
533
00:28:36,133 --> 00:28:39,553
I've seen 30 of these
in the past ten minutes.
534
00:28:39,636 --> 00:28:42,181
Theory will take you
only so far.
535
00:28:43,891 --> 00:28:45,893
During the process...
536
00:28:45,976 --> 00:28:47,769
extra neutrons boil off,
537
00:28:47,853 --> 00:28:50,856
which could be used to split
other uranium atoms.
538
00:28:50,939 --> 00:28:52,232
Chain reaction.
539
00:28:52,316 --> 00:28:54,026
You're thinkin'
what I'm thinkin'.
540
00:28:54,109 --> 00:28:56,695
You, me, and every other
physicist around the world
541
00:28:56,778 --> 00:28:57,946
who's seen the news.
542
00:28:58,989 --> 00:29:00,741
I'm... what?
What are we all thinking?
543
00:29:00,824 --> 00:29:04,411
A bomb, Alvarez.
544
00:29:05,746 --> 00:29:07,497
A bomb.
545
00:29:07,581 --> 00:29:10,542
I told you, Robert,
no more fucking flowers.
546
00:29:12,294 --> 00:29:13,837
I don't understand
what you want from me.
547
00:29:13,921 --> 00:29:15,464
I don't want anything from you.
548
00:29:16,798 --> 00:29:18,592
Well, you say that
and then you call.
549
00:29:18,675 --> 00:29:21,261
Well, don't answer.
550
00:29:21,345 --> 00:29:23,013
I'll always answer.
551
00:29:28,477 --> 00:29:29,645
Fine.
552
00:29:29,728 --> 00:29:31,897
Just no more flowers.
553
00:29:33,273 --> 00:29:34,566
You're not coming?
554
00:29:35,943 --> 00:29:38,487
You have to know
when you're beaten, Robert.
555
00:29:41,031 --> 00:29:42,824
It's not that simple, Hoke.
556
00:29:42,908 --> 00:29:44,868
Chevalier,
good to see you. It's...
557
00:29:44,952 --> 00:29:46,119
Ah, Barbara, good to see you
558
00:29:46,203 --> 00:29:48,705
and the illustrious
Dr. Oppenheimer.
559
00:29:48,789 --> 00:29:49,915
I'm Eltenton.
560
00:29:49,998 --> 00:29:51,291
-Oh, pleasure.
-Please, please.
561
00:29:51,375 --> 00:29:52,584
Now, might you say a word
562
00:29:52,668 --> 00:29:55,254
about organized labor
on campuses, yes?
563
00:29:55,337 --> 00:29:56,922
Coming through! Coming through!
564
00:29:57,005 --> 00:29:58,298
-F.A.E.C.T.!
-I work at Shell.
565
00:29:58,382 --> 00:30:00,592
We've signed up chemists,
we've signed up engineers,
566
00:30:00,676 --> 00:30:02,427
so why not scientists
in academia?
567
00:30:02,511 --> 00:30:05,347
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
568
00:30:05,430 --> 00:30:08,559
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
569
00:30:08,642 --> 00:30:10,310
Oppie! Oppie!
570
00:30:10,394 --> 00:30:12,896
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
571
00:30:16,483 --> 00:30:20,404
Teachers are unionized.
Why not professors?
572
00:30:20,487 --> 00:30:21,905
Don't you have somewhere to be?
573
00:30:21,989 --> 00:30:23,949
Lawrence,
academics have rights too.
574
00:30:24,032 --> 00:30:26,201
Look, it's not that.
I've got a group coming.
575
00:30:26,285 --> 00:30:29,288
-Well, I'll sit in.
-Not this one.
576
00:30:35,794 --> 00:30:37,504
Richard. Dr. Bush.
577
00:30:37,588 --> 00:30:39,339
What brings you two up north?
578
00:30:49,141 --> 00:30:50,142
Richard, you tell Ruth
579
00:30:50,225 --> 00:30:51,560
I'll be down
to Pasadena Thursday.
580
00:31:00,903 --> 00:31:03,155
Your paper on black holes is in!
581
00:31:03,238 --> 00:31:05,324
Oppie!
582
00:31:05,407 --> 00:31:09,077
Where's Hartland?
Get Hartland. Get Hartland.
583
00:31:09,161 --> 00:31:11,246
September 1st, 1939,
584
00:31:11,330 --> 00:31:13,415
the world's gonna
remember this day.
585
00:31:14,583 --> 00:31:16,043
Oh, Hartland.
Our paper, it's in print.
586
00:31:16,126 --> 00:31:18,629
You've been upstaged.
587
00:31:22,341 --> 00:31:25,135
During the Battle of Britain,
I found myself
588
00:31:25,219 --> 00:31:27,804
increasingly
out of sympathy with the
589
00:31:27,888 --> 00:31:30,849
policy of neutrality
that Communists advocated.
590
00:31:30,933 --> 00:31:34,561
Right after Hitler invaded
Russia and we became allies,
591
00:31:34,645 --> 00:31:36,438
these Communist sympathies,
did they return?
592
00:31:36,522 --> 00:31:37,523
No.
593
00:31:38,857 --> 00:31:42,402
I need to make clear that
my changing views on Russia
594
00:31:42,486 --> 00:31:43,820
did not mean a sharp break
595
00:31:43,904 --> 00:31:45,948
from those who held
different views.
596
00:31:46,031 --> 00:31:48,367
For a year or two,
and during a previous marriage,
597
00:31:48,450 --> 00:31:51,578
my wife Kitty had been
a Communist Party member.
598
00:31:54,331 --> 00:31:55,582
Oop!
599
00:31:55,666 --> 00:31:57,543
This way. This is where
I keep the good stuff.
600
00:31:57,626 --> 00:31:59,628
Well, I thought
this was the Tolmans' house.
601
00:31:59,711 --> 00:32:01,672
I live with them
while I'm at Caltech.
602
00:32:01,755 --> 00:32:03,173
Do you two need anything?
603
00:32:03,257 --> 00:32:04,716
We're good, Ruthie.
604
00:32:05,926 --> 00:32:08,637
So, you're a biologist.
605
00:32:08,720 --> 00:32:11,932
Well, somehow
I have graduated to housewife.
606
00:32:12,015 --> 00:32:14,977
Can you explain
quantum mechanics to me?
607
00:32:15,060 --> 00:32:16,103
Seems baffling.
608
00:32:16,186 --> 00:32:17,646
Yes, it is.
609
00:32:18,856 --> 00:32:21,525
Well, this glass,
610
00:32:21,608 --> 00:32:22,985
this drink,
611
00:32:23,068 --> 00:32:25,612
this countertop,
612
00:32:25,696 --> 00:32:28,782
uh, our bodies...
613
00:32:28,866 --> 00:32:30,742
all of it.
614
00:32:30,826 --> 00:32:33,370
It's mostly empty space.
615
00:32:33,453 --> 00:32:35,956
Groupings of tiny energy waves
bound together.
616
00:32:36,039 --> 00:32:38,083
By what?
617
00:32:38,166 --> 00:32:41,420
Forces of attraction
strong enough to convince us
618
00:32:41,503 --> 00:32:43,797
that matter is solid.
619
00:32:43,881 --> 00:32:46,758
Stop my body
passing through yours.
620
00:32:58,687 --> 00:33:00,230
You're married to Dr. Harrison.
621
00:33:00,314 --> 00:33:01,815
Not very.
622
00:33:03,942 --> 00:33:07,696
There is someone that I feel...
623
00:33:07,779 --> 00:33:09,114
Does she feel the same way?
624
00:33:09,198 --> 00:33:12,910
Sometimes. Not enough.
625
00:33:14,328 --> 00:33:17,206
You know,
I'm going to New Mexico.
626
00:33:17,289 --> 00:33:18,916
To my ranch, with friends.
627
00:33:18,999 --> 00:33:20,000
You should come.
628
00:33:21,293 --> 00:33:22,961
I meant with your husband.
629
00:33:23,045 --> 00:33:24,338
Yes, you did.
630
00:33:24,421 --> 00:33:27,591
'Cause you know it won't make
a bit of difference.
631
00:33:31,512 --> 00:33:33,013
Why did you marry him?
632
00:33:33,096 --> 00:33:36,308
I was lost and he was kind.
633
00:33:38,644 --> 00:33:39,603
Lost?
634
00:33:39,686 --> 00:33:43,232
Well, my previous husband
had died, and...
635
00:33:43,315 --> 00:33:45,692
at 28, I wasn't really ready
to be a widow.
636
00:33:45,776 --> 00:33:47,694
-Who was your first husband?
-Nobody.
637
00:33:47,778 --> 00:33:50,239
But my second husband
was Joe Dallet.
638
00:33:50,322 --> 00:33:53,200
He was, um, from money,
like me, but...
639
00:33:53,283 --> 00:33:56,203
he was a union organizer
in Youngstown, Ohio.
640
00:33:56,286 --> 00:33:57,371
Fell hard.
641
00:33:57,454 --> 00:33:58,830
How hard?
642
00:33:58,914 --> 00:34:00,374
Hard enough to spend
the next four years
643
00:34:00,457 --> 00:34:01,667
living off beans and pancakes,
644
00:34:01,750 --> 00:34:04,628
handing out the Daily Worker
at factory gates.
645
00:34:04,711 --> 00:34:07,172
By 36, I just told Joe
I couldn't take it anymore.
646
00:34:07,256 --> 00:34:09,258
Quit the Party and a year later,
647
00:34:09,341 --> 00:34:12,636
I wanted him back, so...
Him, not the Daily Worker.
648
00:34:12,719 --> 00:34:14,930
And he said, "Swell, I'll meet
you on my way to Spain."
649
00:34:15,013 --> 00:34:16,223
He went to fight
for the Loyalists?
650
00:34:16,306 --> 00:34:18,475
And then he went to
the brigades and I waited.
651
00:34:18,559 --> 00:34:19,560
And...
652
00:34:20,686 --> 00:34:21,937
Joe got himself killed
653
00:34:22,020 --> 00:34:24,064
first time he popped his head
out of the trench.
654
00:34:25,899 --> 00:34:28,277
Ideology got Joe killed.
For nothing.
655
00:34:28,360 --> 00:34:30,153
Spanish Republic isn't nothing.
656
00:34:30,237 --> 00:34:31,363
My husband offered
both our futures
657
00:34:31,446 --> 00:34:32,823
to stop one fascist bullet
658
00:34:32,906 --> 00:34:34,867
from embedding itself
in a mudbank.
659
00:34:35,951 --> 00:34:37,661
That's the definition
of nothing.
660
00:34:37,744 --> 00:34:39,538
Seems a little reductive.
661
00:34:39,621 --> 00:34:41,415
Pragmatic.
662
00:34:41,498 --> 00:34:43,834
Now here I am.
663
00:34:46,253 --> 00:34:47,588
Wherever the hell this is.
664
00:34:54,970 --> 00:34:58,140
I didn't want you to hear it
from anyone else.
665
00:35:00,475 --> 00:35:03,729
Least you didn't
bring me flowers.
666
00:35:09,234 --> 00:35:12,237
We both know I'm not
what you want, Jean.
667
00:35:13,614 --> 00:35:16,325
Yeah, but it's a door closing.
668
00:35:16,408 --> 00:35:17,409
No.
669
00:35:19,286 --> 00:35:21,288
Not as far as I'm concerned, no.
670
00:35:22,956 --> 00:35:24,499
You knocked her up, fast work.
671
00:35:24,583 --> 00:35:27,294
Can't keep a good man down.
672
00:35:27,377 --> 00:35:29,338
I meant her.
673
00:35:29,421 --> 00:35:31,381
She knew what she wanted.
674
00:35:31,465 --> 00:35:33,342
What about the husband?
675
00:35:33,425 --> 00:35:34,843
We talked, um,
676
00:35:34,927 --> 00:35:36,803
they're getting a divorce, so...
677
00:35:36,887 --> 00:35:40,432
we can get married
before she starts showing.
678
00:35:40,516 --> 00:35:41,934
How civilized.
679
00:35:43,977 --> 00:35:45,062
You idiot.
680
00:35:45,145 --> 00:35:47,022
This is your community.
681
00:35:47,105 --> 00:35:49,691
You think the rules
don't apply to the golden boy?
682
00:35:51,026 --> 00:35:52,694
Brilliance makes up for a lot.
683
00:35:52,778 --> 00:35:55,239
Don't alienate the only people
in the world
684
00:35:55,322 --> 00:35:56,782
that understand what you do.
685
00:35:58,700 --> 00:36:00,202
One day you might need them.
686
00:36:00,285 --> 00:36:02,829
F.A.E.C.T.!
687
00:36:02,913 --> 00:36:04,081
The Federation of Architects,
688
00:36:04,164 --> 00:36:07,251
Engineers, Chemists
and Technicians.
689
00:36:13,590 --> 00:36:16,176
Lomanitz,
what do you get paid a month?
690
00:36:16,260 --> 00:36:17,469
That's not the point, Lawrence.
691
00:36:17,553 --> 00:36:19,638
What do any of you
have in common
692
00:36:19,721 --> 00:36:22,391
with farm laborers
and dock workers?
693
00:36:22,474 --> 00:36:23,725
Plenty.
694
00:36:24,935 --> 00:36:27,145
Everybody out. Now!
695
00:36:31,483 --> 00:36:32,484
Not you.
696
00:36:38,699 --> 00:36:39,658
What are you doing?
697
00:36:39,741 --> 00:36:41,493
It's a trade union.
698
00:36:41,577 --> 00:36:43,370
Filled with Communists.
699
00:36:43,453 --> 00:36:45,289
So? I haven't joined the Party.
700
00:36:45,372 --> 00:36:47,249
They won't let me
bring you onto the project
701
00:36:47,332 --> 00:36:49,042
because of this shit.
702
00:36:49,126 --> 00:36:50,752
They won't even let me
tell you what the project is.
703
00:36:50,836 --> 00:36:53,213
Oh. I know what the project is.
704
00:36:53,297 --> 00:36:54,298
Oh, really?
705
00:36:54,381 --> 00:36:55,507
We've all heard about Einstein
706
00:36:55,591 --> 00:36:56,925
and Szilard's letter
to Roosevelt
707
00:36:57,009 --> 00:36:58,510
warning him the Germans
could make a bomb,
708
00:36:58,594 --> 00:37:01,638
and I know what it means
for the Nazis to have a bomb.
709
00:37:01,722 --> 00:37:02,973
Oh, and I don't?
710
00:37:03,056 --> 00:37:05,475
It's not your people
they're herding into camps.
711
00:37:06,685 --> 00:37:07,895
It's mine.
712
00:37:07,978 --> 00:37:10,939
You think that I tell them
about your politics.
713
00:37:12,232 --> 00:37:14,693
The next time you're
coming home from a meeting,
714
00:37:14,776 --> 00:37:16,778
why don't you take a look
in the rearview mirror?
715
00:37:16,862 --> 00:37:18,947
Listen to the sounds
on your phone line
716
00:37:19,031 --> 00:37:21,783
and stop being so goddamn naive.
717
00:37:23,327 --> 00:37:24,536
Why would they care what I do?
718
00:37:24,620 --> 00:37:26,788
Because you're not just
self-important,
719
00:37:26,872 --> 00:37:28,832
you're actually important.
720
00:37:30,250 --> 00:37:31,251
Okay.
721
00:37:32,294 --> 00:37:35,297
Okay. I get it.
722
00:37:35,380 --> 00:37:37,424
If you could
just be a little more...
723
00:37:37,508 --> 00:37:38,675
Pragmatic.
724
00:37:38,759 --> 00:37:40,135
I'll talk to Lomanitz,
I'll talk to the others,
725
00:37:40,219 --> 00:37:42,095
you don't have to worry.
It's done.
726
00:37:42,179 --> 00:37:43,764
Lawrence.
727
00:37:48,810 --> 00:37:50,812
Then welcome to the war.
728
00:37:50,896 --> 00:37:53,065
I filled out my first
security questionnaire
729
00:37:53,148 --> 00:37:54,274
and was informed
730
00:37:54,358 --> 00:37:56,527
that my involvement
with left-wing groups
731
00:37:56,610 --> 00:38:00,489
would not prove a bar to my
working on the atomic program.
732
00:38:00,572 --> 00:38:03,158
Why were
his Communist associations
733
00:38:03,242 --> 00:38:06,078
not seen as a security risk
during the war?
734
00:38:06,161 --> 00:38:07,996
Senator, I can't possibly answer
735
00:38:08,080 --> 00:38:11,291
for security clearance granted
years before I ever met the man.
736
00:38:11,375 --> 00:38:13,377
Fine. What about after?
737
00:38:13,460 --> 00:38:15,546
After the war, Dr. Oppenheimer
738
00:38:15,629 --> 00:38:19,258
was the most respected
scientific voice in the world.
739
00:38:19,341 --> 00:38:21,343
That's why I asked him
to run the Institute,
740
00:38:21,426 --> 00:38:24,263
that's why he advised
the Atomic Energy Commission.
741
00:38:24,346 --> 00:38:25,472
Simple as that.
742
00:38:25,556 --> 00:38:28,141
What are they accusing me of?
743
00:38:28,225 --> 00:38:29,852
I think they just want
to know what happened
744
00:38:29,935 --> 00:38:32,437
between 1947 and 1954
to change your mind
745
00:38:32,521 --> 00:38:34,523
on Oppenheimer's
security clearance.
746
00:38:34,606 --> 00:38:37,401
I didn't.
I was chair of the AEC,
747
00:38:37,484 --> 00:38:40,821
but it wasn't me that brought
the charges against Robert.
748
00:38:40,904 --> 00:38:42,239
-Who did?
-Some former staff member
749
00:38:42,322 --> 00:38:44,157
of the Joint
Congressional Committee.
750
00:38:44,241 --> 00:38:47,327
He was a rabid anti-Communist
named Borden.
751
00:38:47,411 --> 00:38:49,621
He wrote to the FBI
demanding they take action.
752
00:38:49,705 --> 00:38:52,207
The FBI? Why not go
to the AEC, direct?
753
00:38:52,291 --> 00:38:54,793
Why get caught
holding the knife yourself?
754
00:38:54,877 --> 00:38:57,212
What did Borden have
against Oppenheimer?
755
00:38:57,296 --> 00:38:59,256
This was the McCarthy Era.
756
00:38:59,339 --> 00:39:04,178
People hounded out of jobs
for any hint of red. And then,
757
00:39:04,261 --> 00:39:05,512
reading Oppenheimer's
security file,
758
00:39:05,596 --> 00:39:08,056
his Communist brother,
sister-in-law,
759
00:39:08,140 --> 00:39:10,225
fiancée, best friend, wife.
760
00:39:10,309 --> 00:39:12,728
That's before we even
get to the Chevalier incident.
761
00:39:12,811 --> 00:39:16,148
But how would Borden have access
to Oppenheimer's security file?
762
00:39:16,231 --> 00:39:17,649
Because somebody gave it to him.
763
00:39:19,234 --> 00:39:21,695
Somebody who wanted
Robert silenced.
764
00:39:21,778 --> 00:39:23,447
-Who?
-Who knows?
765
00:39:23,530 --> 00:39:25,949
Robert didn't take care
not to upset
766
00:39:26,033 --> 00:39:28,368
the power brokers in Washington.
767
00:39:28,452 --> 00:39:31,288
His opinions on the atom
became definitive
768
00:39:31,371 --> 00:39:33,916
and he wasn't always patient
with us mere mortals.
769
00:39:37,586 --> 00:39:39,922
I came in for plenty
of harsh treatment.
770
00:39:40,005 --> 00:39:43,258
There was an AEC vote
771
00:39:43,342 --> 00:39:45,219
on the export of isotopes
to Norway,
772
00:39:45,302 --> 00:39:48,222
and they drafted in Robert
to make me look like a fool.
773
00:39:48,305 --> 00:39:49,806
But, Dr. Oppenheimer,
774
00:39:49,890 --> 00:39:52,017
we've already heard
from Admiral Strauss that
775
00:39:52,100 --> 00:39:54,853
these isotopes could be
useful to our enemies
776
00:39:54,937 --> 00:39:56,313
in the production
of atomic weapons.
777
00:39:56,396 --> 00:39:58,190
Congressmen,
you could use a shovel
778
00:39:58,273 --> 00:39:59,650
in making atomic weapons.
779
00:39:59,733 --> 00:40:00,692
In fact, you do.
780
00:40:00,776 --> 00:40:02,319
You could use a bottle of beer
781
00:40:02,402 --> 00:40:03,695
in making atomic weapons.
782
00:40:03,779 --> 00:40:05,280
In fact, you do.
783
00:40:05,364 --> 00:40:08,200
I say isotopes are less useful
than electronic components
784
00:40:08,283 --> 00:40:10,911
but more useful than a sandwich.
785
00:40:14,581 --> 00:40:16,124
Genius is
no guarantee of wisdom.
786
00:40:17,251 --> 00:40:19,670
How could this man
who saw so much be so blind?
787
00:40:29,555 --> 00:40:30,556
Kitty?
788
00:40:35,727 --> 00:40:37,563
Kitty?
789
00:40:37,646 --> 00:40:40,691
Kitty, the project...
790
00:40:41,900 --> 00:40:44,611
I'm in. I'm in.
791
00:40:44,695 --> 00:40:46,238
Let's celebrate.
792
00:40:52,035 --> 00:40:53,704
Shouldn't you go to him?
793
00:40:58,333 --> 00:41:01,295
I have been going to him
all fucking day.
794
00:41:25,235 --> 00:41:26,445
Come here, darling.
795
00:41:27,946 --> 00:41:29,531
I don't know how to say this.
796
00:41:29,615 --> 00:41:32,159
I'm... I'm ashamed to ask.
797
00:41:32,242 --> 00:41:34,036
Anything.
798
00:41:34,119 --> 00:41:35,162
Take Peter.
799
00:41:35,245 --> 00:41:37,915
-Sure.
-No, for-for a while, Hoke.
800
00:41:37,998 --> 00:41:39,875
A while.
801
00:41:41,835 --> 00:41:43,462
Does Kitty know you're here?
802
00:41:43,545 --> 00:41:45,088
Yes, of course she knows.
803
00:41:46,256 --> 00:41:48,217
Of course she knows.
804
00:41:48,300 --> 00:41:51,470
We're awful people.
Selfish, awful people.
805
00:41:53,347 --> 00:41:54,348
Forget I asked.
806
00:41:54,431 --> 00:41:56,350
Selfish, awful people,
807
00:41:56,433 --> 00:41:58,769
they don't know
they're selfish and awful.
808
00:41:58,852 --> 00:42:01,104
Sit, sit, sit.
809
00:42:02,523 --> 00:42:06,318
Robert, you see beyond
the world we live in.
810
00:42:08,195 --> 00:42:10,781
There is a price
to be paid for that.
811
00:42:10,864 --> 00:42:12,115
Of course we'll help you.
812
00:42:23,377 --> 00:42:25,587
Everything's changing, Robert.
813
00:42:25,671 --> 00:42:27,589
Having a child was always
going to change...
814
00:42:27,673 --> 00:42:31,552
No, the world, it's pivoting
in some new direction.
815
00:42:31,635 --> 00:42:33,637
It's reforming.
816
00:42:35,848 --> 00:42:37,474
This is your moment.
817
00:42:38,809 --> 00:42:40,435
We're putting together a group
to study feasibility...
818
00:42:40,519 --> 00:42:42,855
"We" shouldn't be
doing anything. You should.
819
00:42:44,022 --> 00:42:46,191
Lawrence won't get this done.
820
00:42:46,275 --> 00:42:48,193
Or Tolman or Rabi. You will.
821
00:42:57,244 --> 00:42:59,121
Who are the uniforms?
822
00:43:00,122 --> 00:43:01,665
I thought you might know.
823
00:43:03,000 --> 00:43:05,210
Dr. Oppenheimer.
824
00:43:05,294 --> 00:43:07,421
I'm Colonel Groves.
825
00:43:07,504 --> 00:43:09,631
This is Lieutenant
Colonel Nichols.
826
00:43:09,715 --> 00:43:10,841
Have that dry-cleaned.
827
00:43:17,014 --> 00:43:19,099
Well, if that's how you treat
Lieutenant Colonel,
828
00:43:19,183 --> 00:43:22,728
I'd hate to see how you treat
a humble physicist.
829
00:43:22,811 --> 00:43:24,605
Ah, if I ever meet one,
I'll let you know.
830
00:43:24,688 --> 00:43:26,106
Ouch.
831
00:43:26,190 --> 00:43:27,858
Theaters of combat
all over the world,
832
00:43:27,941 --> 00:43:29,776
but I have to stay
in Washington.
833
00:43:29,860 --> 00:43:32,613
-Why?
-I built the Pentagon.
834
00:43:32,696 --> 00:43:35,073
The brass likes it so much
they made me take over
835
00:43:35,157 --> 00:43:37,075
the Manhattan Engineer District.
836
00:43:37,159 --> 00:43:38,577
Which is?
837
00:43:38,660 --> 00:43:41,872
Oh, don't be a smart ass.
You know damn well what it is.
838
00:43:41,955 --> 00:43:43,707
You and half of every
physics department
839
00:43:43,790 --> 00:43:46,502
across the country.
That's problem number one.
840
00:43:46,585 --> 00:43:48,128
I thought problem
number one would be
841
00:43:48,212 --> 00:43:49,588
securing enough uranium ore.
842
00:43:49,671 --> 00:43:52,508
1,200 tons bought
the day I took charge.
843
00:43:52,591 --> 00:43:53,550
Processing?
844
00:43:53,634 --> 00:43:55,677
Just broke ground
at Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
845
00:43:56,845 --> 00:43:58,430
Now I'm looking
for a project director.
846
00:43:58,514 --> 00:44:00,599
And my name came up?
847
00:44:00,682 --> 00:44:01,808
Nope.
848
00:44:02,768 --> 00:44:05,062
Even though you brought
quantum physics to America.
849
00:44:05,145 --> 00:44:06,438
Which made me curious.
850
00:44:06,522 --> 00:44:08,273
What have you found out?
851
00:44:09,441 --> 00:44:11,902
You're a dilettante,
a womanizer,
852
00:44:11,985 --> 00:44:13,195
a suspected Communist...
853
00:44:13,278 --> 00:44:14,571
I'm a New Deal Democrat.
854
00:44:14,655 --> 00:44:16,281
I said "suspected."
855
00:44:16,365 --> 00:44:20,452
Unstable, theatrical,
egotistical, neurotic...
856
00:44:20,536 --> 00:44:21,578
Nothing good, no?
857
00:44:21,662 --> 00:44:23,372
Not even
"he's brilliant, but..."
858
00:44:23,455 --> 00:44:25,082
Well, brilliance is taken
for granted
859
00:44:25,165 --> 00:44:26,917
in your circle, so no.
860
00:44:27,000 --> 00:44:28,710
No, the only person who had
anything good to say
861
00:44:28,794 --> 00:44:30,587
was Richard Tolman.
862
00:44:30,671 --> 00:44:32,506
Tolman thinks
you have integrity,
863
00:44:32,589 --> 00:44:34,800
but he also strikes me as a guy
864
00:44:34,883 --> 00:44:37,094
who knows more about
science than people.
865
00:44:37,177 --> 00:44:41,098
Yet here you are.
You don't take much on trust.
866
00:44:41,181 --> 00:44:42,891
I don't take anything on trust.
867
00:44:46,854 --> 00:44:48,397
Why don't you
have a Nobel Prize?
868
00:44:48,480 --> 00:44:49,398
Why aren't you a general?
869
00:44:49,481 --> 00:44:50,858
They're making me one for this.
870
00:44:50,941 --> 00:44:52,109
Perhaps I'll have the same luck.
871
00:44:52,192 --> 00:44:53,902
A Nobel Prize for making a bomb?
872
00:44:53,986 --> 00:44:55,904
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite.
873
00:44:58,657 --> 00:44:59,992
So how would you proceed?
874
00:45:01,869 --> 00:45:04,496
You're talking
about turning theory
875
00:45:04,580 --> 00:45:06,623
into a practical weapons system
876
00:45:06,707 --> 00:45:07,958
faster than the Nazis.
877
00:45:08,041 --> 00:45:09,543
Who have a 12-month head start.
878
00:45:09,626 --> 00:45:10,586
Eighteen.
879
00:45:10,669 --> 00:45:12,045
How could you possibly
know that?
880
00:45:12,129 --> 00:45:14,256
Our fast neutron research
took six months.
881
00:45:14,339 --> 00:45:15,841
The man they've
undoubtedly put in charge
882
00:45:15,924 --> 00:45:17,217
will have made
that leap instantly.
883
00:45:17,301 --> 00:45:18,343
Who do you think
they put in charge?
884
00:45:18,427 --> 00:45:19,720
Werner Heisenberg.
885
00:45:19,803 --> 00:45:22,139
He has the most intuitive
understanding
886
00:45:22,222 --> 00:45:24,016
of atomic structure
I have ever seen.
887
00:45:24,099 --> 00:45:25,601
-You know his work?
-I know him.
888
00:45:25,684 --> 00:45:27,644
Just like I know Walther Bothe,
von Weizsäcker, Diebner.
889
00:45:27,728 --> 00:45:30,355
In a straight race,
the Germans win.
890
00:45:30,439 --> 00:45:32,691
-We've got one hope.
-Which is?
891
00:45:33,734 --> 00:45:35,068
Anti-Semitism.
892
00:45:36,320 --> 00:45:37,487
What?
893
00:45:37,571 --> 00:45:40,365
Hitler called quantum physics
"Jewish science."
894
00:45:40,449 --> 00:45:41,867
Said it right
to Einstein's face.
895
00:45:41,950 --> 00:45:45,621
Our one hope is that Hitler
is so... so blinded by hate
896
00:45:45,704 --> 00:45:47,331
that he's denied Heisenberg
proper resources,
897
00:45:47,414 --> 00:45:49,291
because it'll take
vast resources.
898
00:45:49,374 --> 00:45:50,876
Our nation's best scientists
working together.
899
00:45:50,959 --> 00:45:52,169
Right now, they're scattered.
900
00:45:52,252 --> 00:45:54,046
Which gives us
compartmentalization.
901
00:45:54,129 --> 00:45:55,839
All minds have
to see the whole task
902
00:45:55,923 --> 00:45:57,007
to contribute efficiently.
903
00:45:57,090 --> 00:45:59,343
Poor security
may cost us the race.
904
00:45:59,426 --> 00:46:01,428
Inefficiency will.
905
00:46:01,512 --> 00:46:03,180
The Germans know
more than us anyway.
906
00:46:03,263 --> 00:46:05,390
The Russians don't.
907
00:46:05,474 --> 00:46:09,353
Remind me,
who are we at war with?
908
00:46:09,436 --> 00:46:11,813
Somebody with your past
doesn't want to be seen
909
00:46:11,897 --> 00:46:13,524
downplaying the importance
910
00:46:13,607 --> 00:46:16,151
of security from
our Communist allies.
911
00:46:16,235 --> 00:46:18,987
Point taken. But, no.
912
00:46:19,071 --> 00:46:21,156
You don't get to say "no" to me.
913
00:46:21,240 --> 00:46:23,408
It's my job to say "no" to you
when you're wrong.
914
00:46:23,492 --> 00:46:25,452
So you have the job now?
915
00:46:25,536 --> 00:46:27,579
Uh, I'm considering it.
916
00:46:30,415 --> 00:46:32,668
I'm starting to see
where you got your reputation.
917
00:46:34,044 --> 00:46:36,338
My favorite response,
918
00:46:36,421 --> 00:46:38,715
"Oppenheimer couldn't
run a hamburger stand."
919
00:46:40,634 --> 00:46:41,635
I couldn't.
920
00:46:43,679 --> 00:46:45,639
But I can run
the Manhattan Project.
921
00:46:46,640 --> 00:46:48,976
There's a way
to balance these things.
922
00:46:49,059 --> 00:46:53,105
Keep the Rad Lab here
at Berkeley under Lawrence.
923
00:46:53,188 --> 00:46:55,232
Met Lab in Chicago,
under Szilard.
924
00:46:55,315 --> 00:46:57,734
Large-scale refining,
where did you say? Tennessee.
925
00:46:57,818 --> 00:46:59,361
-And Hanford.
-And Hanford.
926
00:46:59,444 --> 00:47:03,407
All America's industrial might
and scientific innovation,
927
00:47:03,490 --> 00:47:05,033
connected by rail.
928
00:47:05,117 --> 00:47:06,618
Focused on one goal.
929
00:47:06,702 --> 00:47:09,413
One point in space and time.
And it comes together here.
930
00:47:09,496 --> 00:47:11,665
A secret laboratory.
In the middle of nowhere,
931
00:47:11,748 --> 00:47:13,166
secure, self-sufficient,
932
00:47:13,250 --> 00:47:14,793
equipment, housing, the works.
933
00:47:14,877 --> 00:47:16,879
Keep everyone there
until it's done.
934
00:47:16,962 --> 00:47:18,964
It'll need a school,
stores, a church.
935
00:47:19,047 --> 00:47:20,299
Why?
936
00:47:20,382 --> 00:47:21,550
If we don't let scientists
937
00:47:21,633 --> 00:47:23,135
bring their families,
we'll never get the best.
938
00:47:23,218 --> 00:47:25,345
You want security,
build a town, build it fast.
939
00:47:25,429 --> 00:47:26,513
Where?
940
00:47:30,559 --> 00:47:32,728
Welcome to Los Alamos.
941
00:47:32,811 --> 00:47:35,480
Now, there's a boys school
we'll have to commandeer,
942
00:47:35,564 --> 00:47:37,441
and the local Indians come
up here for burial rites.
943
00:47:37,524 --> 00:47:40,652
But, apart from that, nothing.
Forty miles. Any direction.
944
00:47:40,736 --> 00:47:42,613
Enough to find the perfect spot.
945
00:47:42,696 --> 00:47:44,865
-For?
-Success.
946
00:47:50,579 --> 00:47:52,289
Build him a town. Fast.
947
00:47:53,665 --> 00:47:56,168
Let's go recruit
some scientists.
948
00:47:56,251 --> 00:47:58,378
Why would I leave my family?
949
00:47:58,462 --> 00:47:59,880
I told you,
you can bring your family.
950
00:47:59,963 --> 00:48:01,298
I'm not a soldier, Oppie.
951
00:48:01,381 --> 00:48:03,550
A soldier? He's a general.
952
00:48:03,634 --> 00:48:05,302
I've got all the soldier I need.
953
00:48:05,385 --> 00:48:07,012
What can I tell them?
954
00:48:07,095 --> 00:48:09,264
Heisenberg, Diebner,
Bothe and Bohr.
955
00:48:09,348 --> 00:48:10,807
What do these men
have in common?
956
00:48:10,891 --> 00:48:12,601
The greatest minds
on atomic theory.
957
00:48:12,684 --> 00:48:14,186
-Yes, and?
-Uh...
958
00:48:14,269 --> 00:48:17,356
As much as you like,
959
00:48:17,439 --> 00:48:19,608
until you feel my boot
on your balls.
960
00:48:19,691 --> 00:48:22,277
You know isotopes
and you know explosives
961
00:48:22,361 --> 00:48:23,820
better than anyone in the world.
962
00:48:23,904 --> 00:48:26,240
But you can't tell us
what you're doing?
963
00:48:29,368 --> 00:48:31,703
-I don't know.
-The Nazis have them.
964
00:48:31,787 --> 00:48:33,956
-Niels Bohr's in Copenhagen.
-Under Nazi occupation.
965
00:48:34,039 --> 00:48:35,832
Did they stop printing
newspapers in Princeton?
966
00:48:35,916 --> 00:48:38,085
Why would we go
to the middle of nowhere
967
00:48:38,168 --> 00:48:39,628
for who knows how long?
968
00:48:39,711 --> 00:48:41,547
For a year or two. Or three.
969
00:48:42,881 --> 00:48:45,926
Uh, General, could you
give us a moment?
970
00:48:47,344 --> 00:48:50,097
It's about unleashing
the strong force...
971
00:48:51,598 --> 00:48:52,975
...before the Nazis do.
972
00:48:53,058 --> 00:48:54,935
Oh, my God.
973
00:48:55,018 --> 00:48:56,186
Niels won't work for the Nazis.
974
00:48:56,270 --> 00:48:57,271
No, never.
975
00:48:57,354 --> 00:48:59,648
But while they have him,
we don't.
976
00:48:59,731 --> 00:49:00,899
That's why I need you.
977
00:49:00,983 --> 00:49:02,901
Why would you think I'd do that?
978
00:49:02,985 --> 00:49:04,903
"Why?" "Why?"
979
00:49:04,987 --> 00:49:07,114
How about because this is the
most important fucking thing
980
00:49:07,197 --> 00:49:09,199
to ever happen
in the history of the world.
981
00:49:09,283 --> 00:49:10,284
How about that?
982
00:49:11,285 --> 00:49:12,286
Fuck.
983
00:49:17,207 --> 00:49:20,085
They are not gonna
let me onto this project.
984
00:49:20,169 --> 00:49:21,962
And failing a security check
is not gonna be good
985
00:49:22,045 --> 00:49:23,755
for a career,
even after the war.
986
00:49:23,839 --> 00:49:26,425
So you're a fellow traveler.
So what?
987
00:49:26,508 --> 00:49:28,093
This is a national emergency.
988
00:49:28,177 --> 00:49:31,096
I've got some skeletons,
they put me in charge.
989
00:49:31,180 --> 00:49:32,306
They need us.
990
00:49:32,389 --> 00:49:34,349
Until they don't.
991
00:49:37,769 --> 00:49:40,147
Is there any chance of getting
Bohr out of Denmark?
992
00:49:40,230 --> 00:49:43,192
Nah, no dice.
I checked with the British.
993
00:49:43,275 --> 00:49:45,444
Until we get Allied boots
back onto the continent,
994
00:49:45,527 --> 00:49:46,778
there's just no way.
995
00:49:48,363 --> 00:49:49,740
Is he that important?
996
00:49:49,823 --> 00:49:52,910
How many people do you know
who proved Einstein wrong?
997
00:49:54,077 --> 00:49:56,163
You know, it really would
be quicker to take a plane.
998
00:49:56,246 --> 00:49:57,789
No, plane's too risky.
999
00:49:57,873 --> 00:50:00,000
Country needs us.
1000
00:50:02,586 --> 00:50:03,921
The Harvard guys,
1001
00:50:04,004 --> 00:50:06,089
they say the building's
too small for the cyclotron.
1002
00:50:08,800 --> 00:50:10,302
Get them together
with the architects.
1003
00:50:13,931 --> 00:50:15,599
When's this place
supposed to open?
1004
00:50:18,810 --> 00:50:19,811
Two months.
1005
00:50:21,021 --> 00:50:23,148
Robert, you're
the great improviser,
1006
00:50:23,232 --> 00:50:25,234
but this...
1007
00:50:25,317 --> 00:50:26,610
you can't do in your head.
1008
00:50:27,736 --> 00:50:29,112
Four divisions.
1009
00:50:30,614 --> 00:50:34,243
Experimental, Theoretical,
Metallurgical, Ordnance.
1010
00:50:34,326 --> 00:50:35,285
Who's running Theoretical?
1011
00:50:35,369 --> 00:50:36,578
I am.
1012
00:50:36,662 --> 00:50:37,704
That's what I was afraid of.
1013
00:50:37,788 --> 00:50:39,540
You're spread too thin.
1014
00:50:40,874 --> 00:50:42,376
So you take Theoretical.
1015
00:50:45,337 --> 00:50:48,090
I'm not coming here, Robert.
1016
00:50:54,137 --> 00:50:55,556
Why not?
1017
00:51:01,854 --> 00:51:05,566
You drop a bomb and it falls
on the just and the unjust.
1018
00:51:07,150 --> 00:51:09,611
I don't wish the culmination
of three centuries of physics
1019
00:51:09,695 --> 00:51:11,989
to be a weapon
of mass destruction.
1020
00:51:21,373 --> 00:51:22,374
Izzy.
1021
00:51:23,458 --> 00:51:27,671
I don't know if we can
be trusted with such a weapon.
1022
00:51:29,339 --> 00:51:32,176
But I know the Nazis can't.
1023
00:51:35,846 --> 00:51:38,473
We have no choice.
1024
00:51:40,225 --> 00:51:41,226
Then...
1025
00:51:43,061 --> 00:51:45,355
...the second thing
you'll have to do is appoint
1026
00:51:45,439 --> 00:51:47,608
Hans Bethe to run
the Theoretical division.
1027
00:51:49,860 --> 00:51:51,862
Wait, what was the first?
1028
00:51:51,945 --> 00:51:54,364
Take off
that ridiculous uniform.
1029
00:51:54,448 --> 00:51:55,449
You're a scientist.
1030
00:51:55,532 --> 00:51:57,201
Groves is insisting we join.
1031
00:51:57,284 --> 00:51:59,620
Tell Groves to go
shit in his hat.
1032
00:51:59,703 --> 00:52:03,123
They need us for who we are.
So be yourself.
1033
00:52:03,207 --> 00:52:05,125
Only better.
1034
00:52:44,164 --> 00:52:46,208
This is the only key.
1035
00:52:46,291 --> 00:52:47,668
And Teller's already here.
1036
00:52:47,751 --> 00:52:49,461
Shall I just show him in?
1037
00:52:49,545 --> 00:52:51,380
No, let's wait for the others.
1038
00:52:59,263 --> 00:53:00,222
Let's get started.
1039
00:53:00,305 --> 00:53:02,349
Hello, Edward.
1040
00:53:02,432 --> 00:53:04,017
Yes.
1041
00:53:04,101 --> 00:53:05,853
Gentlemen, so, we will work here
1042
00:53:05,936 --> 00:53:08,856
until the T-section
at Los Alamos is finished.
1043
00:53:08,939 --> 00:53:11,108
-Edward, can I please...
-It is more important.
1044
00:53:13,318 --> 00:53:15,195
When I calculated
the chain reaction,
1045
00:53:15,279 --> 00:53:17,739
I found a rather
troubling possibility.
1046
00:53:17,823 --> 00:53:19,950
No.
1047
00:53:20,033 --> 00:53:21,410
But this can't be right.
1048
00:53:21,493 --> 00:53:23,370
Show me how
you did your calculations.
1049
00:53:23,453 --> 00:53:24,454
Yes.
1050
00:53:28,292 --> 00:53:29,376
It's exponential.
1051
00:53:29,459 --> 00:53:31,545
No. No, no, no. No.
1052
00:53:34,423 --> 00:53:36,466
This is fantasy.
1053
00:53:36,550 --> 00:53:38,594
Teller's calculations
can't be right.
1054
00:53:38,677 --> 00:53:41,471
Do them yourself
while I go to Princeton.
1055
00:53:41,555 --> 00:53:43,515
-What for?
-To talk to Einstein.
1056
00:53:43,599 --> 00:53:45,893
Well, there's not much
common ground between you two.
1057
00:53:45,976 --> 00:53:48,770
That's why
I should get his view.
1058
00:53:52,441 --> 00:53:54,359
-Albert.
-Hmm?
1059
00:53:54,443 --> 00:53:57,321
Ah. Dr. Oppenheimer.
1060
00:53:57,404 --> 00:53:58,780
Well, have you met Dr. Gödel?
1061
00:53:58,864 --> 00:54:00,490
We walk here most days.
1062
00:54:00,574 --> 00:54:05,162
Trees are the most
inspiring structures.
1063
00:54:05,245 --> 00:54:06,705
Albert, might I have a word?
1064
00:54:06,788 --> 00:54:10,083
Of course. 'Scuse me, Kurt.
1065
00:54:11,418 --> 00:54:13,962
You know, some days,
Kurt refuses to eat.
1066
00:54:14,046 --> 00:54:15,380
Even in Princeton.
1067
00:54:15,464 --> 00:54:18,592
He's convinced that the Nazis
can poison his food.
1068
00:54:18,675 --> 00:54:20,093
Mm.
1069
00:54:20,177 --> 00:54:21,887
Hmm? Huh.
1070
00:54:23,680 --> 00:54:25,724
Wha...
1071
00:54:30,312 --> 00:54:33,023
Whose... Whose work is this?
1072
00:54:33,106 --> 00:54:34,107
Teller's.
1073
00:54:35,400 --> 00:54:37,778
What do you take it to mean?
1074
00:54:37,861 --> 00:54:39,655
Neutrons smash into nucleus,
1075
00:54:39,738 --> 00:54:43,825
releasing neutrons
to smash into other nuclei.
1076
00:54:43,909 --> 00:54:45,911
Criticality,
a point of no return,
1077
00:54:45,994 --> 00:54:47,621
massive explosive force.
1078
00:54:47,704 --> 00:54:49,915
But this time,
the chain reaction doesn't stop.
1079
00:54:51,041 --> 00:54:53,794
It would ignite the atmosphere.
1080
00:54:55,128 --> 00:54:57,047
When we detonate
an atomic device,
1081
00:54:57,130 --> 00:54:59,049
we might start
a chain reaction that...
1082
00:55:00,092 --> 00:55:01,260
...destroys the world.
1083
00:55:02,886 --> 00:55:04,596
So here we are, hmm?
1084
00:55:04,680 --> 00:55:08,976
Lost in your quantum world
of probabilities
1085
00:55:09,059 --> 00:55:10,853
and needing certainty.
1086
00:55:10,936 --> 00:55:13,647
Can you run
the calculations yourself?
1087
00:55:13,730 --> 00:55:15,357
About the only thing
1088
00:55:15,440 --> 00:55:18,610
you and I have in common
is a disdain for mathematics.
1089
00:55:18,694 --> 00:55:20,988
Who's working on this
in-in Berkeley?
1090
00:55:21,071 --> 00:55:22,489
Hans Bethe.
1091
00:55:22,573 --> 00:55:24,241
Well, he'll get to the truth.
1092
00:55:25,993 --> 00:55:28,745
And if the truth
is catastrophic?
1093
00:55:28,829 --> 00:55:30,038
Then you stop.
1094
00:55:30,122 --> 00:55:33,917
And you share your findings
with the Nazis.
1095
00:55:34,001 --> 00:55:36,879
So neither side
destroys the world.
1096
00:55:40,257 --> 00:55:41,258
Robert.
1097
00:55:42,759 --> 00:55:45,762
This is yours, not mine.
1098
00:55:58,859 --> 00:56:00,235
Teller's wrong.
1099
00:56:00,319 --> 00:56:01,653
He's wrong.
1100
00:56:11,371 --> 00:56:13,832
When you know
Teller's critical assumptions,
1101
00:56:13,916 --> 00:56:15,167
the real picture emerges.
1102
00:56:15,250 --> 00:56:17,169
Bottom line?
1103
00:56:17,252 --> 00:56:19,087
The chances of an uncontrolled
nuclear reaction
1104
00:56:19,171 --> 00:56:20,172
are near zero.
1105
00:56:20,255 --> 00:56:22,925
Near zero.
1106
00:56:23,008 --> 00:56:25,093
-Oppie, this is good news.
-Mm.
1107
00:56:26,637 --> 00:56:27,638
Can you run them again?
1108
00:56:27,721 --> 00:56:29,681
No, you'll get the same answer.
1109
00:56:29,765 --> 00:56:31,308
Till they actually detonate
one of these things,
1110
00:56:31,391 --> 00:56:33,852
the best assurance
you're going to get is this.
1111
00:56:33,936 --> 00:56:34,937
Near zero.
1112
00:56:38,273 --> 00:56:40,067
Theory will take you
only so far.
1113
00:56:40,150 --> 00:56:41,652
-Mm.
-Hello!
1114
00:56:41,735 --> 00:56:42,861
-Hello, you.
-Hi.
1115
00:56:42,945 --> 00:56:44,154
We missed him.
1116
00:56:44,238 --> 00:56:45,364
You want to adopt?
1117
00:56:45,447 --> 00:56:46,448
She's kidding.
1118
00:56:46,532 --> 00:56:48,742
We wanted to see you
before we left.
1119
00:56:48,825 --> 00:56:52,079
For parts unknown.
1120
00:56:52,162 --> 00:56:54,665
You know who I ran into
the other day?
1121
00:56:54,748 --> 00:56:56,166
Eltenton.
1122
00:56:56,250 --> 00:56:57,626
Oh.
1123
00:56:57,709 --> 00:56:59,461
The chemist from Shell?
The union guy?
1124
00:56:59,545 --> 00:57:03,340
Yeah. He...
The, uh, F.A.E.C.T. guy.
1125
00:57:03,423 --> 00:57:06,677
He was moaning about
how we're handling the war.
1126
00:57:06,760 --> 00:57:08,762
How so?
1127
00:57:08,846 --> 00:57:11,723
Lack of cooperation
with our allies.
1128
00:57:11,807 --> 00:57:13,934
Apparently
our government's not sharing
1129
00:57:14,017 --> 00:57:15,936
any research with the Russians.
1130
00:57:16,019 --> 00:57:17,187
Well, he said,
1131
00:57:17,271 --> 00:57:19,857
"Most scientists think
the policy is stupid."
1132
00:57:23,360 --> 00:57:25,112
-Oh, yeah?
-Yeah.
1133
00:57:25,195 --> 00:57:27,447
He mentioned that if anyone
1134
00:57:27,531 --> 00:57:30,409
had anything
they wanted to pass on,
1135
00:57:30,492 --> 00:57:32,286
uh, going around
official channels,
1136
00:57:32,369 --> 00:57:34,162
that he could help.
1137
00:57:42,921 --> 00:57:44,631
That would be treason.
1138
00:57:44,715 --> 00:57:47,467
Yes, of course.
1139
00:57:47,551 --> 00:57:49,178
I just thought you should know.
1140
00:57:52,472 --> 00:57:53,849
The brat is down.
1141
00:57:53,932 --> 00:57:55,184
Where are the martinis?
1142
00:58:00,522 --> 00:58:02,024
Coming right up.
1143
00:58:02,107 --> 00:58:03,567
Conversation ended there.
1144
00:58:03,650 --> 00:58:05,777
Nothing in our
long-standing friendship
1145
00:58:05,861 --> 00:58:07,112
would have led me to believe
1146
00:58:07,196 --> 00:58:10,032
that Chevalier was actually
seeking information,
1147
00:58:10,115 --> 00:58:12,576
and I am certain
that he had no idea
1148
00:58:12,659 --> 00:58:14,453
of the work in which
I was engaged.
1149
00:58:19,374 --> 00:58:21,543
It has long been clear to me
1150
00:58:21,627 --> 00:58:24,129
that I should have reported
this incident at once.
1151
00:58:24,213 --> 00:58:25,756
The Oppenheimer situation
1152
00:58:25,839 --> 00:58:28,634
highlights the tension
between scientists
1153
00:58:28,717 --> 00:58:30,302
and the security apparatus.
1154
00:58:30,385 --> 00:58:32,137
In hopes of learning
how the nominee handled
1155
00:58:32,221 --> 00:58:34,723
such issues during
his time at the AEC,
1156
00:58:34,806 --> 00:58:37,684
we'll have a scientist
appearing before the committee.
1157
00:58:38,810 --> 00:58:40,103
Who are they bringing in?
1158
00:58:40,187 --> 00:58:41,313
They hadn't said.
1159
00:58:41,396 --> 00:58:42,606
Mr. Chairman, if I may,
1160
00:58:42,689 --> 00:58:45,317
I'm nominated
for Commerce Secretary.
1161
00:58:45,400 --> 00:58:47,569
Why seek the opinion
of scientists?
1162
00:58:47,653 --> 00:58:49,821
This is a Cabinet post, Admiral.
1163
00:58:49,905 --> 00:58:52,157
We seek a wide range of opinion.
1164
00:58:52,241 --> 00:58:54,910
Well, I'd like to know the name
of the scientist testifying.
1165
00:58:54,993 --> 00:58:56,495
I'd like the chance
to cross-examine.
1166
00:58:56,578 --> 00:58:58,789
This is not a court.
1167
00:58:59,831 --> 00:59:01,124
Formality, huh?
1168
00:59:01,208 --> 00:59:02,584
No presidential Cabinet nominee
1169
00:59:02,668 --> 00:59:04,920
has failed to be confirmed
since 1925.
1170
00:59:05,003 --> 00:59:07,172
This is just how
the game is played.
1171
00:59:07,256 --> 00:59:08,423
It's in the bag, Lewis.
1172
00:59:08,507 --> 00:59:09,633
So play nice.
1173
00:59:09,716 --> 00:59:11,927
They bring in a scientist,
so what?
1174
00:59:12,010 --> 00:59:14,054
You don't know scientists
like I do, Counselor.
1175
00:59:14,137 --> 00:59:16,139
They resent anyone
who questions their judgment,
1176
00:59:16,223 --> 00:59:18,183
especially if you're
not one of them.
1177
00:59:18,267 --> 00:59:19,726
I was chair of the AEC.
1178
00:59:19,810 --> 00:59:21,895
I'm easy to blame
for what happened to Robert.
1179
00:59:21,979 --> 00:59:23,188
We can't have
the Senate thinking
1180
00:59:23,272 --> 00:59:26,275
the scientific community
doesn't support you, sir.
1181
00:59:26,358 --> 00:59:28,402
Or should we pivot?
1182
00:59:28,485 --> 00:59:30,404
-To what?
-And embrace it.
1183
00:59:30,487 --> 00:59:33,115
"I fought Oppenheimer,
and the US won."
1184
00:59:33,198 --> 00:59:34,783
I-I don't think
we need to go there.
1185
00:59:34,867 --> 00:59:36,952
Isn't there someone we can call
who knows what really happened?
1186
00:59:37,035 --> 00:59:38,662
-Teller.
-He'll make an impression.
1187
00:59:38,745 --> 00:59:40,539
Can you get the name of
the scientist they've called?
1188
00:59:40,622 --> 00:59:42,207
-Probably.
-Find out if he was
1189
00:59:42,291 --> 00:59:44,626
based in Chicago
or Los Alamos during the war.
1190
00:59:44,710 --> 00:59:45,919
Why does that matter?
1191
00:59:46,003 --> 00:59:47,296
Well, if he was
based in Chicago,
1192
00:59:47,379 --> 00:59:48,714
then he worked
under Szilard and Fermi,
1193
00:59:48,797 --> 00:59:50,841
not the cult of Oppie
at Los Alamos.
1194
00:59:50,924 --> 00:59:52,342
Robert built that damn place.
1195
00:59:52,426 --> 00:59:55,012
He was founder, mayor, sheriff,
1196
00:59:55,095 --> 00:59:56,513
all rolled into one.
1197
01:00:09,401 --> 01:00:10,986
All it needs is a saloon.
1198
01:00:39,723 --> 01:00:42,226
There's no kitchen.
1199
01:00:42,309 --> 01:00:46,230
Really? We'll fix that.
1200
01:00:52,110 --> 01:00:55,447
Barbed wire, guns.
1201
01:00:55,531 --> 01:00:56,615
Oppie.
1202
01:00:56,698 --> 01:00:58,116
We're at war, Hans.
1203
01:01:00,786 --> 01:01:03,372
Halifax. 1917.
1204
01:01:03,455 --> 01:01:06,166
A cargo ship carrying munitions
explodes in the harbor.
1205
01:01:08,794 --> 01:01:11,630
A vast and sudden
chemical reaction.
1206
01:01:15,384 --> 01:01:18,095
The biggest man-made
explosion in history.
1207
01:01:18,178 --> 01:01:20,097
Now let's calculate
how much more destructive
1208
01:01:20,180 --> 01:01:22,933
it would have been
if it were a nuclear
1209
01:01:23,016 --> 01:01:24,768
and not a chemical reaction.
1210
01:01:24,852 --> 01:01:28,230
Expressing power in terms
of tons of TNT.
1211
01:01:28,313 --> 01:01:29,731
But it will be thousands.
1212
01:01:29,815 --> 01:01:32,943
Well, then kilotons.
1213
01:01:36,864 --> 01:01:40,117
Using U-235,
1214
01:01:40,200 --> 01:01:42,786
-the bomb will need a...
-Uh-uh.
1215
01:01:42,870 --> 01:01:45,956
Sorry. Gadget will need
a 33-pound sphere
1216
01:01:46,039 --> 01:01:47,374
about this size.
1217
01:01:47,457 --> 01:01:50,878
Or using plutonium,
the ten-pound sphere.
1218
01:01:52,588 --> 01:01:53,964
Here's the amount of uranium
1219
01:01:54,047 --> 01:01:56,925
Oak Ridge refined
all of last month.
1220
01:01:59,845 --> 01:02:03,557
And the Hanford plant
made this much plutonium.
1221
01:02:04,850 --> 01:02:07,936
Now, if we can enrich
these amounts,
1222
01:02:08,020 --> 01:02:10,689
we need a way to detonate them.
1223
01:02:10,772 --> 01:02:12,900
Are we boring you, Edward?
1224
01:02:12,983 --> 01:02:14,318
A little bit, yes.
1225
01:02:14,401 --> 01:02:15,736
May I ask why?
1226
01:02:15,819 --> 01:02:17,154
We all entered this room
1227
01:02:17,237 --> 01:02:19,114
knowing a fission bomb
was possible.
1228
01:02:19,198 --> 01:02:21,825
How 'bout we leave it
with something new?
1229
01:02:21,909 --> 01:02:22,826
Such as?
1230
01:02:22,910 --> 01:02:25,537
Instead of uranium or plutonium,
1231
01:02:25,621 --> 01:02:26,663
we use hydrogen.
1232
01:02:28,040 --> 01:02:29,875
-Heavy hydrogen.
-Hydrogen.
1233
01:02:29,958 --> 01:02:32,586
Deuterium. You see?
1234
01:02:32,669 --> 01:02:34,379
We compact the atoms together
1235
01:02:34,463 --> 01:02:37,257
under great pressure
to induce a fusion reaction.
1236
01:02:38,467 --> 01:02:41,136
Then we'll get not kilotons,
1237
01:02:41,220 --> 01:02:42,221
but megatons.
1238
01:02:42,304 --> 01:02:43,305
A big fission reaction...
1239
01:02:43,388 --> 01:02:45,140
Okay, hang on, hang on.
1240
01:02:45,224 --> 01:02:49,603
So how do you generate enough
force to fuse hydrogen atoms?
1241
01:02:49,686 --> 01:02:51,688
A small fission bomb.
1242
01:02:51,772 --> 01:02:53,607
There we are.
1243
01:02:55,526 --> 01:02:57,110
Well, since we're going
to need one anyway,
1244
01:02:57,194 --> 01:02:59,154
can we get back
to the business at hand?
1245
01:02:59,238 --> 01:03:00,489
The isotopes issue
1246
01:03:00,572 --> 01:03:04,201
wasn't your most important
policy disagreement
1247
01:03:04,284 --> 01:03:06,036
with Dr. Oppenheimer.
1248
01:03:06,119 --> 01:03:08,372
It was the hydrogen bomb,
wasn't it?
1249
01:03:08,455 --> 01:03:11,208
Uh, as colleagues,
we agreed to disagree
1250
01:03:11,291 --> 01:03:13,252
on a great many things, uh,
1251
01:03:13,335 --> 01:03:14,503
and, well, one of them
1252
01:03:14,586 --> 01:03:17,840
was the need
for an H-bomb program, yes.
1253
01:03:30,644 --> 01:03:33,230
Thanks for convening
on short notice.
1254
01:03:33,313 --> 01:03:34,731
I can't believe it.
1255
01:03:35,816 --> 01:03:37,276
Well, here we are.
1256
01:03:37,359 --> 01:03:39,319
Catch me up. What do we know?
1257
01:03:39,403 --> 01:03:41,947
One of our B-29s
over the North Pacific
1258
01:03:42,030 --> 01:03:43,490
has detected radiation.
1259
01:03:43,574 --> 01:03:45,158
Do we have the filter papers?
1260
01:03:45,242 --> 01:03:47,160
There's no doubt what this is.
1261
01:03:47,244 --> 01:03:48,579
White House says
there's a doubt.
1262
01:03:48,662 --> 01:03:49,746
Wishful thinking, I'm afraid.
1263
01:03:49,830 --> 01:03:52,583
Are those the long-range
detection filter papers?
1264
01:03:53,584 --> 01:03:55,586
It's an atomic test.
1265
01:03:58,338 --> 01:03:59,673
The Russians have a bomb.
1266
01:03:59,756 --> 01:04:03,594
We're supposed to be years
ahead of them, but some...
1267
01:04:03,677 --> 01:04:05,846
What were you guys
doing at Los Alamos?
1268
01:04:05,929 --> 01:04:07,097
Wasn't security tight?
1269
01:04:07,181 --> 01:04:08,557
Of course it was.
You weren't there.
1270
01:04:08,640 --> 01:04:11,059
-It was...
-Forgive me, Doctor...
1271
01:04:11,143 --> 01:04:13,187
but I was there.
1272
01:04:14,646 --> 01:04:15,772
We can now consider
1273
01:04:15,856 --> 01:04:17,774
the actual mechanics
of detonation.
1274
01:04:17,858 --> 01:04:19,109
Any ideas?
1275
01:04:19,193 --> 01:04:20,694
I call this "shooting."
1276
01:04:20,777 --> 01:04:24,281
We fire a chunk of fissionable
material into a larger sphere
1277
01:04:24,364 --> 01:04:26,867
with enough force
to achieve criticality.
1278
01:04:26,950 --> 01:04:28,660
What do we think? Anyone?
1279
01:04:28,744 --> 01:04:30,412
I've been thinking
about implosion.
1280
01:04:30,495 --> 01:04:32,372
Explosives around the sphere
blast inwards,
1281
01:04:32,456 --> 01:04:34,499
crushing the material.
1282
01:04:34,583 --> 01:04:36,418
I'd like to investigate
that idea.
1283
01:04:36,502 --> 01:04:38,712
I'll talk to Ordnance,
get you blowing things up.
1284
01:04:39,755 --> 01:04:40,881
Progress?
1285
01:04:40,964 --> 01:04:42,716
Nice to see you too.
1286
01:04:42,799 --> 01:04:44,635
Meet the British contingent.
1287
01:04:44,718 --> 01:04:46,386
Dr. Oppenheimer, Klaus Fuchs.
1288
01:04:46,470 --> 01:04:48,263
How long have you been British?
1289
01:04:48,347 --> 01:04:49,515
Since Hitler told me
I wasn't German.
1290
01:04:49,598 --> 01:04:53,352
Uh-huh.
Come, welcome to Los Alamos.
1291
01:04:53,435 --> 01:04:55,229
School's up and running.
1292
01:04:55,312 --> 01:04:57,773
Bar. Always running.
1293
01:04:57,856 --> 01:05:00,484
And I thought of a way
to reduce support staff.
1294
01:05:01,693 --> 01:05:03,737
-Is that...
-Mrs. Serber, yes.
1295
01:05:03,820 --> 01:05:05,072
I've offered jobs
to all the wives.
1296
01:05:05,155 --> 01:05:06,657
Admin, librarians, computation.
1297
01:05:06,740 --> 01:05:09,117
We cut down on staff,
keep families together.
1298
01:05:09,201 --> 01:05:11,495
-Are these women qualified?
-Don't be absurd.
1299
01:05:11,578 --> 01:05:13,914
These are some of the brightest
minds in our community.
1300
01:05:13,997 --> 01:05:15,249
And they're already
security cleared.
1301
01:05:15,332 --> 01:05:17,376
I've informed General Groves
you've been holding
1302
01:05:17,459 --> 01:05:18,919
cross-divisional
open discussions
1303
01:05:19,002 --> 01:05:20,671
-on a nightly basis.
-Shut them down.
1304
01:05:20,754 --> 01:05:23,090
Compartmentalization is the
key to maintaining security...
1305
01:05:23,173 --> 01:05:24,341
It's only the top men.
1306
01:05:24,424 --> 01:05:26,385
Who presumably communicate
with subordinates.
1307
01:05:26,468 --> 01:05:27,469
These men aren't stupid.
1308
01:05:27,553 --> 01:05:29,388
-They can be discreet.
-I don't like it.
1309
01:05:29,471 --> 01:05:32,182
You don't like anything enough
for that to be a fair test.
1310
01:05:38,063 --> 01:05:40,566
Once a week. Top men only.
1311
01:05:40,649 --> 01:05:41,984
I'd like to bring
my brother here.
1312
01:05:42,067 --> 01:05:43,151
No.
1313
01:05:44,152 --> 01:05:45,779
Uh, Nichols...
1314
01:05:47,239 --> 01:05:48,907
I still haven't heard
that my security clearance
1315
01:05:48,991 --> 01:05:50,492
-has been approved.
-It hasn't.
1316
01:05:50,576 --> 01:05:51,910
We're going to Chicago tomorrow.
1317
01:05:51,994 --> 01:05:52,995
No, you should wait.
1318
01:05:54,037 --> 01:05:56,123
You are aware that the Nazis
have a two-year head start.
1319
01:05:56,206 --> 01:05:58,333
Dr. Oppenheimer, the fact
that your security clearance
1320
01:05:58,417 --> 01:06:00,335
is proving difficult to obtain
is not my fault.
1321
01:06:00,419 --> 01:06:01,753
It's yours.
1322
01:06:01,837 --> 01:06:03,547
May not be your fault,
but it's your problem.
1323
01:06:03,630 --> 01:06:05,048
Because I'm going.
1324
01:06:05,132 --> 01:06:08,552
And how many people
were in these, uh,
1325
01:06:08,635 --> 01:06:10,929
-open discussions?
-Too many.
1326
01:06:11,013 --> 01:06:12,264
Compartmentalization was
supposed to be the protocol.
1327
01:06:12,347 --> 01:06:14,141
We were in a race
against the Nazis.
1328
01:06:14,224 --> 01:06:16,602
And now the race
is against the Soviets.
1329
01:06:16,685 --> 01:06:18,187
-Not unless we start it.
-Robert.
1330
01:06:18,270 --> 01:06:21,565
They just fired a starting gun.
1331
01:06:21,648 --> 01:06:23,567
What's the nature
of the device they detonated?
1332
01:06:23,650 --> 01:06:25,235
The data indicates
it may have been
1333
01:06:25,319 --> 01:06:27,446
a plutonium implosion device.
1334
01:06:27,529 --> 01:06:30,574
Like the one you built
at Los Alamos.
1335
01:06:30,657 --> 01:06:32,451
The Russians have a bomb,
1336
01:06:32,534 --> 01:06:33,660
Truman needs to know
what's next.
1337
01:06:33,744 --> 01:06:35,621
What's next? Arms talks.
1338
01:06:35,704 --> 01:06:37,206
-Arms talks.
-Obviously.
1339
01:06:38,373 --> 01:06:39,666
What about the Super?
1340
01:06:39,750 --> 01:06:41,293
Does Truman even know about it?
1341
01:06:41,376 --> 01:06:43,337
Did we brief him on that?
1342
01:06:43,420 --> 01:06:44,463
Not specifically.
1343
01:06:44,546 --> 01:06:45,672
We still don't know
1344
01:06:45,756 --> 01:06:47,674
if a hydrogen bomb's
technically feasible.
1345
01:06:47,758 --> 01:06:49,676
Right, my understanding
is that Teller proposed it?
1346
01:06:49,760 --> 01:06:51,386
-Yes.
-At Los Alamos?
1347
01:06:51,470 --> 01:06:53,222
Teller's designs have always
been wildly impractical.
1348
01:06:53,305 --> 01:06:55,516
You'd have to deliver
by ox cart.
1349
01:06:55,599 --> 01:06:56,850
-Not airplane.
-Oppie.
1350
01:06:56,934 --> 01:07:00,270
I'm sorry, Dr. Lawrence,
you want to comment?
1351
01:07:01,647 --> 01:07:02,773
No.
1352
01:07:04,900 --> 01:07:07,069
Because if it can
put us ahead again,
1353
01:07:07,152 --> 01:07:10,155
the President
of the United States
1354
01:07:10,239 --> 01:07:12,199
needs to know about it.
1355
01:07:13,742 --> 01:07:15,410
And if the Russians
know about it already,
1356
01:07:15,494 --> 01:07:18,413
from a spy at Los Alamos,
1357
01:07:18,497 --> 01:07:19,706
then we've gotta get going.
1358
01:07:19,790 --> 01:07:22,709
There's no proof there was
a spy at Los Alamos.
1359
01:07:22,793 --> 01:07:23,836
Robert.
1360
01:07:28,924 --> 01:07:30,509
They put it under
the football stadium?
1361
01:07:30,592 --> 01:07:32,469
The field's not in use anymore.
1362
01:07:32,553 --> 01:07:34,596
Just as well.
1363
01:07:36,098 --> 01:07:38,517
-Oppie.
-Dr. Fermi.
1364
01:07:41,353 --> 01:07:42,563
I hear you got a little town.
1365
01:07:42,646 --> 01:07:43,772
Yes. Come and see.
1366
01:07:45,524 --> 01:07:49,653
Who could think straight
in a place like that? Huh?
1367
01:07:49,736 --> 01:07:51,613
Everybody will go crazy.
1368
01:07:51,697 --> 01:07:55,534
Thank you for the vote
of confidence, Szilard.
1369
01:07:55,617 --> 01:07:59,329
Do we really... do we really
need that in the notes?
1370
01:07:59,413 --> 01:08:01,415
When are you going
to try it out?
1371
01:08:01,498 --> 01:08:03,166
We did.
1372
01:08:03,250 --> 01:08:07,212
The first self-sustaining
nuclear chain reaction.
1373
01:08:07,296 --> 01:08:08,672
Didn't Groves tell you?
1374
01:08:08,755 --> 01:08:10,465
No.
1375
01:08:15,220 --> 01:08:18,056
One at a time, please,
one at a time.
1376
01:08:18,140 --> 01:08:19,349
Dr. Oppenheimer?
1377
01:08:20,726 --> 01:08:23,187
I tried Personnel.
They asked if I could type.
1378
01:08:23,270 --> 01:08:24,438
Can you?
1379
01:08:24,521 --> 01:08:25,522
Harvard forgot to teach that
1380
01:08:25,606 --> 01:08:27,191
on the graduate
chemistry course.
1381
01:08:29,109 --> 01:08:31,612
Condon, put Mrs. Hornig here
on the plutonium team.
1382
01:08:37,576 --> 01:08:39,369
What the hell
were you doing in Chicago?
1383
01:08:39,453 --> 01:08:40,662
Visiting the Met?
1384
01:08:40,746 --> 01:08:41,788
-Why? Why?
-Well, you can't talk to...
1385
01:08:41,872 --> 01:08:43,916
Because we have every right...
1386
01:08:43,999 --> 01:08:46,251
You have just the rights
that I give you.
1387
01:08:46,335 --> 01:08:47,669
No more, no less.
1388
01:08:47,753 --> 01:08:50,214
We are adults
trying to run a project here.
1389
01:08:50,297 --> 01:08:51,840
This is ridiculous.
1390
01:08:51,924 --> 01:08:53,800
Tell him.
1391
01:08:53,884 --> 01:08:56,720
Compartmentalization
is the protocol we agreed to.
1392
01:08:58,013 --> 01:08:59,139
Enough of this madhouse.
1393
01:08:59,223 --> 01:09:01,683
Nobody can work
under these conditions.
1394
01:09:01,767 --> 01:09:06,146
You know what, Generalissimo?
I quit.
1395
01:09:06,230 --> 01:09:07,231
Thanks for nothing.
1396
01:09:09,691 --> 01:09:11,235
Better off without him.
1397
01:09:12,569 --> 01:09:13,570
Aren't you more concerned
1398
01:09:13,654 --> 01:09:16,031
about his discretion out there?
1399
01:09:16,114 --> 01:09:18,116
We'll have him killed.
1400
01:09:19,451 --> 01:09:21,995
I was just kidding.
1401
01:09:22,079 --> 01:09:24,957
-No, he hates me, not America.
-You know, General,
1402
01:09:25,040 --> 01:09:27,292
not everyone has levers
to pull like mine.
1403
01:09:27,376 --> 01:09:29,336
I don't think I understand.
1404
01:09:29,419 --> 01:09:31,380
You didn't hire me
despite my left-wing past.
1405
01:09:31,463 --> 01:09:32,965
You hired me because of it.
1406
01:09:34,091 --> 01:09:35,968
So you could control me.
1407
01:09:36,051 --> 01:09:38,679
Well, I'm not that subtle.
1408
01:09:38,762 --> 01:09:40,764
I'm just a humble soldier.
1409
01:09:40,848 --> 01:09:42,307
You're neither humble
nor just a soldier.
1410
01:09:42,391 --> 01:09:43,433
You studied engineering at MIT.
1411
01:09:43,517 --> 01:09:45,185
Guilty as charged.
1412
01:09:45,269 --> 01:09:46,436
Well, now we understand
each other,
1413
01:09:46,520 --> 01:09:48,230
perhaps you can get me
my security clearance
1414
01:09:48,313 --> 01:09:50,899
so I can perform
this miracle for you.
1415
01:09:56,113 --> 01:09:57,656
General Groves, were you aware
1416
01:09:57,739 --> 01:09:59,908
of Dr. Oppenheimer's
left-wing associations
1417
01:09:59,992 --> 01:10:01,410
when you appointed him?
1418
01:10:01,493 --> 01:10:03,495
I was aware that there
were suspicions about him.
1419
01:10:03,579 --> 01:10:05,247
I was aware he had
a very extreme
1420
01:10:05,330 --> 01:10:06,540
liberal background.
1421
01:10:06,623 --> 01:10:08,333
In your opinion,
would he ever consciously
1422
01:10:08,417 --> 01:10:09,585
commit a disloyal act?
1423
01:10:09,668 --> 01:10:11,587
I would be amazed if he did.
1424
01:10:11,670 --> 01:10:14,464
So you had complete confidence
in his integrity.
1425
01:10:14,548 --> 01:10:15,841
At Los Alamos, yes,
1426
01:10:15,924 --> 01:10:17,134
which is where
I really knew him.
1427
01:10:17,217 --> 01:10:19,136
General,
did your security officers
1428
01:10:19,219 --> 01:10:20,387
on the project advise you
1429
01:10:20,470 --> 01:10:22,222
against the clearance
of Dr. Oppenheimer?
1430
01:10:22,306 --> 01:10:26,185
They could not and would not
clear him until I insisted.
1431
01:10:26,268 --> 01:10:28,645
And it's safe to say that you
had a pretty good knowledge
1432
01:10:28,729 --> 01:10:29,813
of Dr. Oppenheimer's
security file.
1433
01:10:29,897 --> 01:10:31,607
I did.
1434
01:10:31,690 --> 01:10:32,941
Well, then there's only
really one question
1435
01:10:33,025 --> 01:10:34,151
I need answered here today.
1436
01:10:34,234 --> 01:10:36,236
In light of
the current AEC guidelines,
1437
01:10:36,320 --> 01:10:38,822
would you clear
Dr. Oppenheimer today?
1438
01:10:38,906 --> 01:10:40,741
Do you have the guidelines?
1439
01:10:48,165 --> 01:10:50,584
Under current AEC guidelines,
1440
01:10:50,667 --> 01:10:52,794
would you clear
Dr. Oppenheimer today?
1441
01:11:05,098 --> 01:11:08,769
Physics and New Mexico, huh?
1442
01:11:08,852 --> 01:11:11,855
My God. What a trek.
1443
01:11:11,939 --> 01:11:13,357
That's why you need a liaison.
1444
01:11:13,440 --> 01:11:14,650
I'm appointing Lomanitz.
1445
01:11:16,026 --> 01:11:17,027
You're gonna be okay.
1446
01:11:17,110 --> 01:11:18,403
This way, gentlemen.
1447
01:11:28,413 --> 01:11:30,332
-Dr. Lawrence.
-Leslie.
1448
01:11:30,415 --> 01:11:32,751
I'd like to remind you what
we talked about in Berkeley.
1449
01:11:32,835 --> 01:11:35,003
Compartmentalization.
I understand completely.
1450
01:11:38,340 --> 01:11:39,383
Okay.
1451
01:11:40,634 --> 01:11:41,635
Thank you.
1452
01:11:49,810 --> 01:11:51,144
Greetings from Berkeley.
1453
01:11:51,228 --> 01:11:53,146
I am here to update you
on our progress
1454
01:11:53,230 --> 01:11:54,773
and solicit your input.
1455
01:11:54,857 --> 01:11:56,358
To do so,
I am going to have to share
1456
01:11:56,441 --> 01:11:59,903
a few things that
General Groves told me not to.
1457
01:11:59,987 --> 01:12:01,655
Sorry, General,
I said I understood,
1458
01:12:01,738 --> 01:12:02,823
not that I agreed.
1459
01:12:02,906 --> 01:12:04,408
'Kay.
1460
01:12:04,491 --> 01:12:06,535
Gentlemen, to business.
1461
01:12:06,618 --> 01:12:08,829
There were rumors of espionage
at Los Alamos.
1462
01:12:08,912 --> 01:12:10,372
Unsubstantiated.
Unsubstantiated.
1463
01:12:10,455 --> 01:12:13,417
I'm told that there were
Communists on the project.
1464
01:12:13,500 --> 01:12:15,085
We didn't knowingly
employ any Communists.
1465
01:12:15,169 --> 01:12:16,753
I just want to know,
were any of them involved
1466
01:12:16,837 --> 01:12:18,380
in discussions of the Super?
1467
01:12:18,463 --> 01:12:20,632
I seem to remember you demanding
your brother come to Los Alamos.
1468
01:12:20,716 --> 01:12:22,718
My brother had left
the Party by then.
1469
01:12:22,801 --> 01:12:23,927
What about Lomanitz?
1470
01:12:24,011 --> 01:12:25,804
Lomanitz was never
employed at Los Alamos.
1471
01:12:25,888 --> 01:12:26,847
He was a liaison.
1472
01:12:26,930 --> 01:12:27,973
Our security was tight,
1473
01:12:28,056 --> 01:12:29,183
as former Colonel Nichols
well knows.
1474
01:12:29,266 --> 01:12:31,143
Our security was as tight
as it could be
1475
01:12:31,226 --> 01:12:32,519
given the personalities
involved,
1476
01:12:32,603 --> 01:12:34,354
but attempts were made.
1477
01:12:34,438 --> 01:12:35,439
What is that supposed to mean?
1478
01:12:35,522 --> 01:12:36,815
We've all read his file here.
1479
01:12:38,150 --> 01:12:39,818
Do we need to talk
about Jean Tatlock?
1480
01:12:40,694 --> 01:12:42,362
Or the Chevalier incident?
1481
01:12:47,367 --> 01:12:48,368
'Scuse me.
1482
01:12:51,914 --> 01:12:53,790
That's Lomanitz, line one.
1483
01:12:59,838 --> 01:13:00,923
Hello, Rossi.
1484
01:13:01,006 --> 01:13:04,051
What? O-Okay, just calm down.
1485
01:13:05,052 --> 01:13:08,597
There's been another screw-up.
Lomanitz just got drafted.
1486
01:13:08,680 --> 01:13:10,807
-We are at war, Doctor.
-Don't be an asshole, Nichols.
1487
01:13:10,891 --> 01:13:12,893
We need this kid.
Fix it, will you?
1488
01:13:12,976 --> 01:13:14,186
It wasn't a mistake.
1489
01:13:14,269 --> 01:13:15,562
Your friend Lomanitz
has been trying
1490
01:13:15,646 --> 01:13:17,731
to unionize the Radiation Lab.
1491
01:13:17,814 --> 01:13:18,941
He promised to quit all that.
1492
01:13:19,024 --> 01:13:21,109
Well, he hasn't.
1493
01:13:21,193 --> 01:13:22,986
Security officer at Berkeley's
concerned about
1494
01:13:23,070 --> 01:13:25,280
Communist infiltration
through that union,
1495
01:13:25,364 --> 01:13:27,658
-the F.A...
-F.A.E.C.T.
1496
01:13:30,577 --> 01:13:33,830
While I'm there next week,
I'll drop in to see him.
1497
01:13:36,250 --> 01:13:37,835
Your Q clearance came through.
1498
01:13:41,713 --> 01:13:43,090
It's important
you not maintain or renew
1499
01:13:43,173 --> 01:13:45,259
any questionable associations.
1500
01:13:50,180 --> 01:13:52,641
Doctor, did you think
social contacts
1501
01:13:52,724 --> 01:13:54,893
between a person engaged
on secret war work
1502
01:13:54,977 --> 01:13:56,311
and Communists was dangerous?
1503
01:13:56,395 --> 01:14:00,065
My awareness of the danger
would be greater today.
1504
01:14:00,148 --> 01:14:02,985
I mean, it's fair to say
that during the war years,
1505
01:14:03,068 --> 01:14:06,071
you felt that such contacts
were potentially dangerous.
1506
01:14:12,786 --> 01:14:15,747
Were conceivably dangerous, yes.
1507
01:14:15,831 --> 01:14:17,916
I mean, really,
1508
01:14:18,000 --> 01:14:19,710
known Communists.
1509
01:14:22,254 --> 01:14:24,298
Look...
1510
01:14:24,381 --> 01:14:25,924
I've had a lot of secrets
1511
01:14:26,008 --> 01:14:28,552
in my head for a long time.
1512
01:14:29,803 --> 01:14:31,263
Doesn't matter
who I associate with.
1513
01:14:31,346 --> 01:14:33,891
I don't talk about
those secrets.
1514
01:14:41,607 --> 01:14:43,233
You said in your statement
1515
01:14:43,317 --> 01:14:48,906
that you had to see
Jean Tatlock in 1943.
1516
01:14:50,657 --> 01:14:52,075
You left.
1517
01:14:53,535 --> 01:14:54,661
Not a word.
1518
01:14:54,745 --> 01:14:57,372
What did you think
that would do to me?
1519
01:14:58,624 --> 01:14:59,625
I wrote.
1520
01:14:59,708 --> 01:15:01,752
Pages of nothing.
1521
01:15:04,213 --> 01:15:06,757
Where did you go?
1522
01:15:06,840 --> 01:15:09,176
-I can't tell you.
-Why not?
1523
01:15:09,259 --> 01:15:11,512
Because you're a Communist.
1524
01:15:13,430 --> 01:15:15,432
Why did you have to see her?
1525
01:15:15,516 --> 01:15:18,352
Because she had indicated
a great desire
1526
01:15:18,435 --> 01:15:20,145
to see me before we left.
1527
01:15:20,229 --> 01:15:21,271
At that time, I couldn't,
1528
01:15:21,355 --> 01:15:25,192
but I felt that
she had to see me.
1529
01:15:25,275 --> 01:15:27,778
She was undergoing
psychiatric treatment.
1530
01:15:27,861 --> 01:15:29,863
She was extremely unhappy.
1531
01:15:29,947 --> 01:15:31,990
Did you find out
why she had to see you?
1532
01:15:37,162 --> 01:15:38,914
Because she was
still in love with me.
1533
01:15:46,588 --> 01:15:48,382
Spent the night together,
didn't you?
1534
01:15:56,390 --> 01:15:57,391
Yes.
1535
01:16:03,188 --> 01:16:06,942
You drop in and out of my life,
1536
01:16:07,025 --> 01:16:09,444
and you don't
have to tell me why.
1537
01:16:09,528 --> 01:16:10,904
Now that's power.
1538
01:16:10,988 --> 01:16:12,823
Not that I enjoy.
1539
01:16:13,949 --> 01:16:16,243
I'd rather be here
for you as you need.
1540
01:16:16,326 --> 01:16:18,745
But you have
other priorities now.
1541
01:16:18,829 --> 01:16:21,373
I have a wife and child.
1542
01:16:22,624 --> 01:16:25,085
That's not what either of us
is talking about.
1543
01:16:28,797 --> 01:16:30,591
Jean.
1544
01:16:30,674 --> 01:16:32,843
You asked me to come.
1545
01:16:32,926 --> 01:16:34,887
And I'm glad I did.
1546
01:16:35,888 --> 01:16:38,182
But I can't see you again.
1547
01:16:40,893 --> 01:16:42,352
But what if I need you?
1548
01:16:46,023 --> 01:16:48,650
You said you would
always answer.
1549
01:16:51,403 --> 01:16:52,654
Not a word?
1550
01:16:53,780 --> 01:16:55,616
Did you think that consistent
with good security?
1551
01:16:55,699 --> 01:16:57,701
As a matter of fact, it was.
1552
01:16:57,784 --> 01:16:59,995
Not a word.
1553
01:17:00,078 --> 01:17:01,997
When did you see her after that?
1554
01:17:10,714 --> 01:17:12,132
I never saw her again.
1555
01:17:18,805 --> 01:17:21,183
I can make the last train
back to Princeton.
1556
01:17:21,266 --> 01:17:24,478
Kitty, I didn't say anything
that I hadn't already told you.
1557
01:17:24,561 --> 01:17:26,480
Today you said it to history,
didn't you?
1558
01:17:26,563 --> 01:17:27,773
This is a closed hearing.
1559
01:17:29,942 --> 01:17:31,527
If they don't release
the transcript,
1560
01:17:31,610 --> 01:17:33,612
-I'm sure you will.
-I was under oath.
1561
01:17:33,695 --> 01:17:35,239
Well, you were
under an oath for me
1562
01:17:35,322 --> 01:17:36,740
when you went to see Jean.
1563
01:17:37,824 --> 01:17:38,909
You know, you...
1564
01:17:40,077 --> 01:17:42,496
...you sit there, day after day,
1565
01:17:42,579 --> 01:17:45,332
letting them pick our lives
to pieces.
1566
01:17:48,418 --> 01:17:49,878
Why won't you fight?
1567
01:17:53,382 --> 01:17:56,260
Robert, I'm not
putting her up there.
1568
01:18:01,807 --> 01:18:04,560
Dr. Oppenheimer, it's an honor.
Please, take a seat.
1569
01:18:04,643 --> 01:18:08,021
No need, um, I just wanted
to check whether I should
1570
01:18:08,105 --> 01:18:10,315
talk to Lomanitz while I'm here,
given your concerns.
1571
01:18:10,399 --> 01:18:12,526
Well, I'd say that's really
up to you, Professor,
1572
01:18:12,609 --> 01:18:14,862
-but I'd be cautious.
-Uh-huh. Understood.
1573
01:18:14,945 --> 01:18:17,489
Oh, and, um,
as regards to the union,
1574
01:18:17,573 --> 01:18:19,157
I wanted to give you
a heads-up on a...
1575
01:18:19,241 --> 01:18:20,450
on a man named Eltenton.
1576
01:18:20,534 --> 01:18:21,743
A heads-up?
1577
01:18:21,827 --> 01:18:25,706
Yes, just that he might
merit watching is all.
1578
01:18:26,999 --> 01:18:28,375
Well, I'd love
to get more details.
1579
01:18:28,458 --> 01:18:30,669
Well, I...
I have an appointment now
1580
01:18:30,752 --> 01:18:32,004
and I leave early tomorrow.
1581
01:18:32,087 --> 01:18:33,714
Well, come back
as early as you like.
1582
01:18:33,797 --> 01:18:35,716
Since you haven't time now.
1583
01:18:36,758 --> 01:18:38,468
You went back the next morning.
1584
01:18:38,552 --> 01:18:40,554
I did, I had to, really.
1585
01:18:41,638 --> 01:18:43,807
This time, there was
another man.
1586
01:18:44,850 --> 01:18:46,310
He said his name's Pash.
1587
01:18:46,393 --> 01:18:48,979
Pash. You met Colonel Pash?
1588
01:18:49,062 --> 01:18:50,522
Colonel Pash,
could you please read
1589
01:18:50,606 --> 01:18:53,984
from your memo
dated June 29, 1943?
1590
01:18:56,486 --> 01:18:58,614
"Results of surveillance
conducted on subject
1591
01:18:58,697 --> 01:19:01,366
"indicate further possible
Communist Party connections.
1592
01:19:01,450 --> 01:19:03,702
"Subject met with
and spent considerable time
1593
01:19:03,785 --> 01:19:05,787
"with one Jean Tatlock,
Communist,
1594
01:19:05,871 --> 01:19:07,247
the record of whom is attached."
1595
01:19:07,331 --> 01:19:09,082
The subject being
Dr. Oppenheimer?
1596
01:19:09,166 --> 01:19:11,668
-Yes.
-Whom you had not met?
1597
01:19:11,752 --> 01:19:13,629
Not then, but soon after.
1598
01:19:13,712 --> 01:19:15,005
He's the head of security
for the project.
1599
01:19:15,088 --> 01:19:16,089
Shouldn't I know him?
1600
01:19:16,173 --> 01:19:17,716
No, he should know you.
1601
01:19:17,799 --> 01:19:19,343
I would never put you
in a room with Pash.
1602
01:19:19,426 --> 01:19:20,844
Why not?
1603
01:19:20,928 --> 01:19:22,930
When Pash first heard
about Lomanitz,
1604
01:19:23,013 --> 01:19:25,891
he told the FBI
he was gonna kidnap him,
1605
01:19:25,974 --> 01:19:27,434
take him out on a boat
1606
01:19:27,518 --> 01:19:30,187
and interrogate him
in the Russian manner.
1607
01:19:32,689 --> 01:19:35,400
General Groves has placed in me
a certain responsibility,
1608
01:19:35,484 --> 01:19:37,569
and it's like having a child
who I can't see.
1609
01:19:37,653 --> 01:19:40,030
-Ah.
-By remote control.
1610
01:19:41,073 --> 01:19:43,158
So to actually meet you is...
1611
01:19:44,660 --> 01:19:45,911
I won't take up
too much of your time.
1612
01:19:45,994 --> 01:19:48,205
No, no, not at all.
Whatever time you choose.
1613
01:19:48,288 --> 01:19:51,124
Mm. Mr. Johnson told me
of a conversation
1614
01:19:51,208 --> 01:19:53,085
you had yesterday
in which I'm very interested.
1615
01:19:53,168 --> 01:19:55,254
It's had me worried all day.
1616
01:19:55,337 --> 01:19:57,840
Yes, well, I didn't want
to talk to Lomanitz
1617
01:19:57,923 --> 01:19:59,091
without authorization.
1618
01:19:59,174 --> 01:20:00,759
That's not the particular
interest that I have.
1619
01:20:00,843 --> 01:20:02,469
It's something
a little bit more...
1620
01:20:03,846 --> 01:20:05,389
...well, in my opinion,
more serious.
1621
01:20:05,472 --> 01:20:08,392
Now, when the FBI pointed out
that such information
1622
01:20:08,475 --> 01:20:10,310
wouldn't be admissible in court,
Pash made it clear
1623
01:20:10,394 --> 01:20:13,730
he had no intention of leaving
any witness left to prosecute.
1624
01:20:13,814 --> 01:20:15,315
Now, the FBI talked him down,
1625
01:20:15,399 --> 01:20:17,067
but that's the man
you're dancing with.
1626
01:20:17,150 --> 01:20:19,862
I gather you've heard
there are other parties
1627
01:20:19,945 --> 01:20:22,447
interested in the work
of the Radiation Lab.
1628
01:20:22,531 --> 01:20:26,368
A man attached
to the Soviet Consul
1629
01:20:26,451 --> 01:20:29,413
indicated,
through intermediate people,
1630
01:20:29,496 --> 01:20:31,123
to people on this project,
1631
01:20:31,206 --> 01:20:34,543
that he was in a position
to transmit information.
1632
01:20:34,626 --> 01:20:37,045
Oh, why would anyone
on the project want to do that?
1633
01:20:39,047 --> 01:20:41,258
Frankly, I can see that
there might be an argument
1634
01:20:41,341 --> 01:20:43,719
for the Commander-in-Chief
informing the Russians--
1635
01:20:43,802 --> 01:20:45,804
they're our allies after all--
1636
01:20:45,888 --> 01:20:48,682
but I don't like the idea of it
going out the back door.
1637
01:20:48,765 --> 01:20:51,059
It might not hurt
to be on the lookout for it.
1638
01:20:52,686 --> 01:20:53,937
And you said that to Pash?
1639
01:20:54,021 --> 01:20:55,480
I was trying to put it
1640
01:20:55,564 --> 01:20:58,275
in a context
of Russia's not Germany.
1641
01:20:58,358 --> 01:21:02,988
Boris Pash is the son
of a Russian Orthodox bishop.
1642
01:21:03,071 --> 01:21:06,116
Born here, but in 1918,
he went back to Russia
1643
01:21:06,200 --> 01:21:07,659
to fight the Bolsheviks.
1644
01:21:07,743 --> 01:21:10,287
This is a man who has killed
Communists with his own hands.
1645
01:21:10,370 --> 01:21:13,540
I'm not the judge of who should
or should not have information.
1646
01:21:13,624 --> 01:21:15,626
It's my business to stop it
from going through illegally.
1647
01:21:15,709 --> 01:21:17,711
Would you be
a little more specific?
1648
01:21:20,797 --> 01:21:23,592
There's a man whose name
was mentioned to me
1649
01:21:23,675 --> 01:21:25,552
a couple of times. Eltenton.
1650
01:21:26,762 --> 01:21:29,765
Uh, I believe he's a chemist
who works at Shell.
1651
01:21:29,848 --> 01:21:32,351
He talked to a friend of his
1652
01:21:32,434 --> 01:21:35,938
who's an acquaintance
of someone on the project.
1653
01:21:37,606 --> 01:21:40,025
And you thought Pash
would be satisfied with that?
1654
01:21:40,108 --> 01:21:42,611
I was attempting
to give them Eltenton
1655
01:21:42,694 --> 01:21:43,862
without opening a can of worms.
1656
01:21:43,946 --> 01:21:45,906
I told them
a cock-and-bull story.
1657
01:21:45,989 --> 01:21:47,491
Did you lie
to General Groves too?
1658
01:21:47,574 --> 01:21:51,078
No. I admitted to him
that I'd lied to Pash.
1659
01:21:51,161 --> 01:21:52,538
Do you recall this conversation
1660
01:21:52,621 --> 01:21:54,998
about the Chevalier incident?
1661
01:21:55,082 --> 01:21:57,376
I've seen so many
versions of it. Um...
1662
01:21:57,459 --> 01:21:58,585
Wasn't confused before,
1663
01:21:58,669 --> 01:22:00,128
but I'm certainly
getting there now.
1664
01:22:00,212 --> 01:22:01,338
And what was your conclusion?
1665
01:22:01,421 --> 01:22:03,966
That he was under
the influence of
1666
01:22:04,049 --> 01:22:06,760
the typical American
schoolboy attitude
1667
01:22:06,844 --> 01:22:10,264
that there's something wicked
about telling on a friend.
1668
01:22:10,347 --> 01:22:12,307
Well, now.
1669
01:22:12,391 --> 01:22:14,852
Might we know through whom
the contact was made?
1670
01:22:14,935 --> 01:22:17,187
That would in... involve people
1671
01:22:17,271 --> 01:22:19,231
who are not to be
involved in this.
1672
01:22:19,314 --> 01:22:22,150
Is that someone
a member of the project?
1673
01:22:22,234 --> 01:22:26,196
A member of the faculty, yes,
but not in the project, no.
1674
01:22:26,280 --> 01:22:27,698
Ah.
1675
01:22:27,781 --> 01:22:29,366
So Eltenton made his approach
1676
01:22:29,449 --> 01:22:32,494
through a member of
the faculty here at Berkeley?
1677
01:22:34,371 --> 01:22:36,874
As far as I know.
As far as I know, yes.
1678
01:22:36,957 --> 01:22:39,585
But there-there may have been
1679
01:22:39,668 --> 01:22:41,920
more than one person involved.
1680
01:22:45,924 --> 01:22:49,178
Gentlemen, if I...
if I seem uncooperative,
1681
01:22:49,261 --> 01:22:52,139
I think you can understand
that's because of my insistence
1682
01:22:52,222 --> 01:22:54,558
in not getting
innocent people into trouble.
1683
01:22:54,641 --> 01:22:56,268
You're trying
to protect your friend.
1684
01:22:56,351 --> 01:22:57,477
Who's protecting you?
1685
01:22:57,561 --> 01:22:59,146
Well, you could.
1686
01:22:59,229 --> 01:23:00,397
If you gave me the name.
1687
01:23:00,480 --> 01:23:02,357
If you order me to, I'll do it.
1688
01:23:02,441 --> 01:23:03,442
That's a mistake, Robert.
1689
01:23:03,525 --> 01:23:05,027
You need to volunteer this name.
1690
01:23:06,236 --> 01:23:07,779
And did he give you the name?
1691
01:23:07,863 --> 01:23:08,864
He did.
1692
01:23:08,947 --> 01:23:10,240
-But not then, did he?
-No.
1693
01:23:10,324 --> 01:23:12,075
No. In fact, it was some
months later, wasn't it?
1694
01:23:12,159 --> 01:23:13,911
It was.
1695
01:23:13,994 --> 01:23:15,162
You see me as persistent.
1696
01:23:15,245 --> 01:23:17,080
Well, you are...
1697
01:23:17,164 --> 01:23:18,832
you are persistent,
but that is your job.
1698
01:23:18,916 --> 01:23:22,461
And-and my job is to protect
the people that work for me.
1699
01:23:22,544 --> 01:23:24,505
Instead of us going
on certain steps,
1700
01:23:24,588 --> 01:23:26,381
which may come
to your attention...
1701
01:23:28,050 --> 01:23:29,885
...and be disturbing to you,
1702
01:23:29,968 --> 01:23:32,888
I would like to discuss
those with you first.
1703
01:23:32,971 --> 01:23:34,348
I'm not formulating a plan.
1704
01:23:34,431 --> 01:23:36,683
I'll just have to digest
the whole thing.
1705
01:23:40,479 --> 01:23:43,482
In the months
in between your interview
1706
01:23:43,565 --> 01:23:46,735
with Dr. Oppenheimer and his
eventual naming of Chevalier,
1707
01:23:46,818 --> 01:23:47,986
did you expend resources
1708
01:23:48,070 --> 01:23:49,738
trying to find the name
of the intermediary?
1709
01:23:49,821 --> 01:23:52,282
Considerable resources, yes.
1710
01:23:52,366 --> 01:23:54,326
Without the name, our job
was extremely difficult.
1711
01:23:54,409 --> 01:23:55,786
And when did you
receive the name?
1712
01:23:55,869 --> 01:23:57,204
I was gone by the time
1713
01:23:57,287 --> 01:23:59,706
-Oppenheimer finally
offered it up. -Gone?
1714
01:23:59,790 --> 01:24:02,000
They felt my time would be
better spent in Europe
1715
01:24:02,084 --> 01:24:04,336
determining the status
of the Nazi bomb project.
1716
01:24:04,419 --> 01:24:05,629
Who did?
1717
01:24:06,839 --> 01:24:08,632
General Groves.
1718
01:24:08,715 --> 01:24:10,092
He transferred me to London.
1719
01:24:17,140 --> 01:24:18,976
It's a little early
for a Christmas party.
1720
01:24:19,059 --> 01:24:20,978
Something's up.
1721
01:24:21,061 --> 01:24:23,146
Tolman's been away.
1722
01:24:23,230 --> 01:24:24,731
Where?
1723
01:24:24,815 --> 01:24:26,024
Ruth won't tell.
1724
01:24:30,946 --> 01:24:31,989
Hey!
1725
01:24:36,201 --> 01:24:37,661
Come on, Ruthie.
1726
01:24:37,744 --> 01:24:39,872
Can't tell me, who can you tell?
1727
01:24:39,955 --> 01:24:42,499
Compartmentalization, Oppie.
1728
01:24:42,583 --> 01:24:44,126
What makes you think
I know where he is anyway?
1729
01:24:44,209 --> 01:24:45,627
'Cause you do a pretty good job
1730
01:24:45,711 --> 01:24:48,380
of knowing where Mr. Tolman is
when it counts.
1731
01:24:48,463 --> 01:24:50,048
Like now?
1732
01:24:50,132 --> 01:24:53,510
Attention!
1733
01:24:56,805 --> 01:24:58,390
Early Christmas present
for you all.
1734
01:25:06,773 --> 01:25:09,109
The British pilots
put me in the bomb bay.
1735
01:25:09,193 --> 01:25:11,195
Showed me the-the oxygen,
you know,
1736
01:25:11,278 --> 01:25:12,905
but I messed it up.
1737
01:25:12,988 --> 01:25:15,490
Uh, when they opened me up
in Scotland, I was unconscious.
1738
01:25:15,574 --> 01:25:17,659
But I pretended
I'd been napping.
1739
01:25:18,785 --> 01:25:20,245
Please enjoy your party.
1740
01:25:21,455 --> 01:25:22,748
Is it big enough?
1741
01:25:22,831 --> 01:25:24,208
To end the war?
1742
01:25:24,291 --> 01:25:27,044
To end all war.
1743
01:25:29,922 --> 01:25:33,926
Uh, Heisenberg sought me out
in Copenhagen.
1744
01:25:34,009 --> 01:25:35,844
It was chilling,
1745
01:25:35,928 --> 01:25:37,930
my old student
working for the Nazis.
1746
01:25:38,013 --> 01:25:41,600
He told me some things
to draw me out.
1747
01:25:42,643 --> 01:25:46,188
Sustained fission reactions
in uranium.
1748
01:25:46,271 --> 01:25:48,315
That sounds more like
a reactor than a bomb.
1749
01:25:48,398 --> 01:25:49,650
Did he mention
gaseous diffusion?
1750
01:25:49,733 --> 01:25:51,944
He seemed more focused
on heavy water.
1751
01:25:52,027 --> 01:25:53,779
As a moderator?
1752
01:25:53,862 --> 01:25:55,155
Yes, instead of graphite.
1753
01:25:58,200 --> 01:25:59,493
What?
1754
01:25:59,576 --> 01:26:01,828
He took a wrong turn.
1755
01:26:01,912 --> 01:26:04,331
We're ahead. And with you here
to help us, Niels.
1756
01:26:04,414 --> 01:26:06,416
Sorry, could you...
1757
01:26:06,500 --> 01:26:09,127
could you give us a moment,
gentlemen?
1758
01:26:15,717 --> 01:26:18,303
I am not here to help, Robert.
1759
01:26:18,387 --> 01:26:20,180
I knew you could
do this without me.
1760
01:26:20,264 --> 01:26:21,390
Then why did you come?
1761
01:26:21,473 --> 01:26:22,808
To talk about after.
1762
01:26:22,891 --> 01:26:24,810
The power you're about to reveal
1763
01:26:24,893 --> 01:26:26,895
will forever outlive the Nazis.
1764
01:26:28,105 --> 01:26:29,648
And the world is not prepared.
1765
01:26:29,731 --> 01:26:31,066
"You could lift the stone
1766
01:26:31,149 --> 01:26:33,819
without being ready
for the snake that's revealed."
1767
01:26:33,902 --> 01:26:35,195
We have to make
the politicians understand,
1768
01:26:35,279 --> 01:26:37,364
this isn't a new weapon.
1769
01:26:37,447 --> 01:26:38,574
It's a new world.
1770
01:26:38,657 --> 01:26:42,286
I'll be out there
doing what I can, but you...
1771
01:26:42,369 --> 01:26:44,913
you're an American Prometheus.
1772
01:26:44,997 --> 01:26:47,082
The man who gave them the power
1773
01:26:47,165 --> 01:26:49,126
to destroy themselves,
1774
01:26:49,209 --> 01:26:50,919
and they'll respect that.
1775
01:26:51,003 --> 01:26:52,921
And your work really begins.
1776
01:26:57,134 --> 01:27:00,053
I'm sorry, Oppie,
but there's a call.
1777
01:27:01,305 --> 01:27:03,932
From San Francisco.
1778
01:27:10,355 --> 01:27:11,773
Robert!
1779
01:27:15,235 --> 01:27:16,403
Robert?
1780
01:27:17,487 --> 01:27:20,073
Robert. Robert.
1781
01:27:20,157 --> 01:27:22,159
God, what's the matter?
1782
01:27:22,242 --> 01:27:23,952
What happened?
1783
01:27:24,953 --> 01:27:26,830
Her father called.
1784
01:27:26,914 --> 01:27:28,790
They found her yesterday
in the bath.
1785
01:27:29,875 --> 01:27:31,001
Who?
1786
01:27:32,085 --> 01:27:34,004
She'd taken pills.
1787
01:27:34,087 --> 01:27:35,923
Left a note, not signed.
1788
01:27:36,965 --> 01:27:38,133
She took barbiturates,
1789
01:27:38,217 --> 01:27:39,885
but there was chloral hydrate
in her blood.
1790
01:27:43,430 --> 01:27:44,640
There was a note.
1791
01:27:44,723 --> 01:27:46,892
Jean Tatlock?
1792
01:27:52,814 --> 01:27:54,816
We were together.
1793
01:27:54,900 --> 01:27:57,277
She said she needed me. I...
1794
01:27:59,696 --> 01:28:02,574
I told her I... I wouldn't...
1795
01:28:02,658 --> 01:28:04,368
I told her I couldn't...
1796
01:28:04,451 --> 01:28:05,911
No, it was... it was me.
1797
01:28:09,164 --> 01:28:11,291
You don't get to commit the sin
1798
01:28:11,375 --> 01:28:13,085
and then have us all
feel sorry for you
1799
01:28:13,168 --> 01:28:15,629
that it had consequences.
1800
01:28:18,048 --> 01:28:20,050
You pull yourself together.
1801
01:28:23,846 --> 01:28:25,764
You know,
people here depend on you.
1802
01:28:28,600 --> 01:28:29,685
Donald, would you like
1803
01:28:29,768 --> 01:28:30,769
to contribute here?
Please, help me out.
1804
01:28:30,853 --> 01:28:31,854
You're on your own, pal.
1805
01:28:31,937 --> 01:28:33,146
Bob, I'm not quitting my job
1806
01:28:33,230 --> 01:28:34,314
because plutonium
is radioactive.
1807
01:28:34,398 --> 01:28:36,400
We just don't know
what it might do
1808
01:28:36,483 --> 01:28:37,943
to the female
reproductive system...
1809
01:28:38,026 --> 01:28:40,153
Your reproductive system is more
exposed than mine, presumably.
1810
01:28:40,237 --> 01:28:43,031
Can we please? The implosion
device is nowhere.
1811
01:28:43,115 --> 01:28:44,408
Hey, you can't rush everything.
1812
01:28:44,491 --> 01:28:46,034
-Oppie, please.
-Well, there's rushing
1813
01:28:46,118 --> 01:28:47,744
and there's getting on
with it, so pick one.
1814
01:28:47,828 --> 01:28:49,788
Wait. Neddermeyer's
doing his job.
1815
01:28:49,872 --> 01:28:50,789
Teller's not helping.
1816
01:28:50,873 --> 01:28:52,416
You're not helping.
1817
01:28:52,499 --> 01:28:53,542
I've been asking
for calculations
1818
01:28:53,625 --> 01:28:55,043
on the implosion lenses
for weeks.
1819
01:28:55,127 --> 01:28:56,545
The British can do it. Fuchs.
1820
01:28:56,628 --> 01:28:57,754
Absolutely.
1821
01:28:57,838 --> 01:28:59,131
It's your job, Teller.
1822
01:28:59,214 --> 01:29:01,133
I'm engaged in research.
1823
01:29:01,216 --> 01:29:03,677
On a hydrogen bomb
we're not even building.
1824
01:29:11,894 --> 01:29:13,145
I won't work for that man.
1825
01:29:15,063 --> 01:29:17,232
Let him go. He's a prima donna.
1826
01:29:17,316 --> 01:29:19,318
I agree.
He should leave Los Alamos.
1827
01:29:19,401 --> 01:29:20,903
Okay.
1828
01:29:20,986 --> 01:29:22,696
Kisty, you replace Neddermeyer.
1829
01:29:22,779 --> 01:29:24,156
Seth, I'm putting you
on plutonium.
1830
01:29:24,239 --> 01:29:27,409
Lilli, you go work for Kisty.
Because he needs you.
1831
01:29:27,492 --> 01:29:30,037
Fuchs, you take Teller's role.
1832
01:29:30,120 --> 01:29:32,372
I'm putting you exclusively
on the implosion device.
1833
01:29:32,456 --> 01:29:36,126
And no one is leaving
Los Alamos.
1834
01:29:50,474 --> 01:29:52,351
-They won't let me leave.
-No.
1835
01:29:52,434 --> 01:29:53,810
I won't let you leave.
1836
01:29:54,895 --> 01:29:58,065
Forget Hans. Forget fission.
1837
01:29:58,148 --> 01:30:01,318
Stay here,
research what you want.
1838
01:30:01,401 --> 01:30:03,695
Fusion, the hydrogen bomb,
whatever.
1839
01:30:03,779 --> 01:30:05,072
We'll meet to discuss.
1840
01:30:05,155 --> 01:30:06,573
You don't have time to meet.
1841
01:30:06,657 --> 01:30:07,991
You're a politician now, Robert.
1842
01:30:08,075 --> 01:30:10,369
You've left physics behind
many, many years ago.
1843
01:30:11,787 --> 01:30:13,413
Once a week.
1844
01:30:13,497 --> 01:30:15,249
One hour. You and me.
1845
01:30:20,587 --> 01:30:22,840
Now raise this fucking barrier.
1846
01:30:27,052 --> 01:30:29,471
So the Super
was under development
1847
01:30:29,555 --> 01:30:31,473
on your watch at Los Alamos?
1848
01:30:31,557 --> 01:30:32,975
Yes.
1849
01:30:33,058 --> 01:30:34,810
And yet, after the war,
1850
01:30:34,893 --> 01:30:36,520
you tried to deny it was viable.
1851
01:30:36,603 --> 01:30:37,813
No, no, no. I...
1852
01:30:37,896 --> 01:30:39,523
I pointed out
technical difficulties with it.
1853
01:30:39,606 --> 01:30:41,650
You... Didn't you try
to kill it at the AEC meeting
1854
01:30:41,733 --> 01:30:43,277
-after the Russian bomb test?
-No.
1855
01:30:43,360 --> 01:30:45,487
But that was the recommendation
of the AEC,
1856
01:30:45,571 --> 01:30:47,739
-was it not?
-After hours of discussion
1857
01:30:47,823 --> 01:30:49,825
about the best response.
1858
01:30:49,908 --> 01:30:54,830
An H-bomb is 1,000 times
the power of an A-bomb.
1859
01:30:56,373 --> 01:30:59,960
Its only intended target
would be the largest cities.
1860
01:31:00,043 --> 01:31:02,212
It's a weapon of mass genocide.
1861
01:31:02,296 --> 01:31:04,506
Izzy, draw some circles
on this side of the map
1862
01:31:04,590 --> 01:31:05,883
where they would target us.
1863
01:31:05,966 --> 01:31:08,302
-Starting with New York. D.C.
-That's fair.
1864
01:31:08,385 --> 01:31:11,013
It's a weapon of attack
with no defensive value.
1865
01:31:11,096 --> 01:31:12,639
-Deterrence.
-"Deterrence"?
1866
01:31:12,723 --> 01:31:14,308
Do we really need
more deterrence
1867
01:31:14,391 --> 01:31:16,768
than our current arsenal
of atomic bombs?
1868
01:31:16,852 --> 01:31:19,605
Y-You drown in ten feet
of water or-or 10,000,
1869
01:31:19,688 --> 01:31:20,898
what's the difference?
1870
01:31:20,981 --> 01:31:23,108
We can already drown Russia.
They know it.
1871
01:31:23,192 --> 01:31:25,360
-And now they can drown us.
-So we're just escalating...
1872
01:31:36,496 --> 01:31:39,208
As I said,
Teller's designs are still as
1873
01:31:39,291 --> 01:31:41,168
impractical as they were
during the war.
1874
01:31:41,251 --> 01:31:44,171
A hydrogen bomb can be made
to work, Oppie, you know that.
1875
01:31:44,254 --> 01:31:45,380
I don't believe we should commit
1876
01:31:45,464 --> 01:31:47,049
all our resources
to that chance.
1877
01:31:47,132 --> 01:31:50,135
Then how would you have Truman
reassure the American people?
1878
01:31:50,219 --> 01:31:52,513
Simply by limiting the spread
of atomic weapons
1879
01:31:52,596 --> 01:31:55,766
through international control
on nuclear energy.
1880
01:31:55,849 --> 01:31:57,434
By which you mean
world government?
1881
01:31:57,518 --> 01:32:00,354
The United Nations
as Roosevelt intended.
1882
01:32:00,437 --> 01:32:03,273
Well, I... I asked what Truman
should do, right?
1883
01:32:03,357 --> 01:32:06,151
The world's changed,
it's not fascism but Communism
1884
01:32:06,235 --> 01:32:07,861
that now threatens our survival.
1885
01:32:07,945 --> 01:32:11,448
Lewis, do you understand,
if we build a hydrogen bomb,
1886
01:32:11,532 --> 01:32:14,284
the Russians will have no choice
but to build their own?
1887
01:32:14,368 --> 01:32:15,827
Could they be working
on one already?
1888
01:32:15,911 --> 01:32:18,497
Based on information gathered
from a spy at Los Alamos.
1889
01:32:18,580 --> 01:32:20,040
No spy at Los Alamos.
1890
01:32:20,123 --> 01:32:21,124
-Gentlemen.
-There wasn't?
1891
01:32:21,208 --> 01:32:22,292
Let's not get sidetracked.
1892
01:32:22,376 --> 01:32:24,169
I say we use this moment
1893
01:32:24,253 --> 01:32:25,712
to gain concessions
from the Russians
1894
01:32:25,796 --> 01:32:28,757
by committing that we will not
build a hydrogen bomb.
1895
01:32:28,841 --> 01:32:30,509
Thereby revealing its existence.
1896
01:32:30,592 --> 01:32:32,261
Which you seem convinced
they already know.
1897
01:32:32,344 --> 01:32:34,012
All right.
1898
01:32:34,096 --> 01:32:36,181
At this point, I'd like
the committee members
1899
01:32:36,265 --> 01:32:39,935
to meet in privacy to finalize
our recommendations.
1900
01:32:41,395 --> 01:32:43,355
I'm just not sure you want
to go down this road.
1901
01:32:43,438 --> 01:32:45,607
Lewis, with respect,
we are the advisory committee,
1902
01:32:45,691 --> 01:32:47,276
we will give them our advice.
1903
01:32:47,359 --> 01:32:48,443
Good night.
1904
01:32:52,823 --> 01:32:56,910
Dr. Oppenheimer?
Hi. William Borden.
1905
01:32:56,994 --> 01:32:58,203
Joint Committee
on Atomic Energy?
1906
01:32:58,287 --> 01:32:59,621
Oh, yes, yes.
1907
01:32:59,705 --> 01:33:01,039
During the war, I was a pilot.
1908
01:33:02,583 --> 01:33:05,127
One night,
flying back from a raid,
1909
01:33:05,210 --> 01:33:08,005
I saw an amazing sight
like a meteor.
1910
01:33:09,381 --> 01:33:11,925
A V-2 rocket headed to England.
1911
01:33:12,009 --> 01:33:13,969
I can't help but imagine
what it will be
1912
01:33:14,052 --> 01:33:17,973
for such an enemy rocket
to carry an atomic warhead.
1913
01:33:26,899 --> 01:33:28,108
Well, let's make sure
we're not the ones
1914
01:33:28,192 --> 01:33:29,318
to make that possible.
1915
01:33:36,200 --> 01:33:38,994
Oppie, I don't think you want
to go up against Strauss.
1916
01:33:39,077 --> 01:33:41,121
If we both speak,
they listen to me.
1917
01:33:41,205 --> 01:33:43,332
When you speak,
they hear a prophet.
1918
01:33:43,415 --> 01:33:45,334
When Strauss speaks,
they hear themselves.
1919
01:33:45,417 --> 01:33:47,044
They'll listen to a prophet.
1920
01:33:47,127 --> 01:33:50,506
A prophet can't be wrong.
Not once.
1921
01:33:50,589 --> 01:33:51,924
Didn't you accuse Oppenheimer
1922
01:33:52,007 --> 01:33:54,092
of sabotaging the development
of the Super?
1923
01:33:54,176 --> 01:33:55,844
I was never one of those
1924
01:33:55,928 --> 01:33:58,972
to bandy around terms
like "sabotage."
1925
01:33:59,056 --> 01:34:01,016
But Mr. Borden was?
1926
01:34:01,099 --> 01:34:02,351
As I understand it, possibly.
1927
01:34:02,434 --> 01:34:04,436
How was Mr. Borden able
to put together
1928
01:34:04,520 --> 01:34:05,854
such a detailed indictment?
1929
01:34:05,938 --> 01:34:07,231
He was no longer
a government employee,
1930
01:34:07,314 --> 01:34:09,983
yet he appears to have
had unlimited access
1931
01:34:10,067 --> 01:34:11,568
to Dr. Oppenheimer's file.
1932
01:34:11,652 --> 01:34:14,404
Might Mr. Nichols have
given him access to the file?
1933
01:34:14,488 --> 01:34:16,615
Or someone else, at the AEC?
1934
01:34:16,698 --> 01:34:19,409
That's a very serious
accusation, Senator.
1935
01:34:19,493 --> 01:34:21,954
Is it your intention to
suggest that Dr. Oppenheimer
1936
01:34:22,037 --> 01:34:23,830
is disloyal
to the United States?
1937
01:34:23,914 --> 01:34:26,458
I've always assumed,
and still assume,
1938
01:34:26,542 --> 01:34:29,002
that he's loyal
to the United States.
1939
01:34:29,086 --> 01:34:30,796
I believe this.
And I shall believe it
1940
01:34:30,879 --> 01:34:33,590
until I see very conclusive
proof to the opposite.
1941
01:34:33,674 --> 01:34:35,133
Do you or do you not believe
1942
01:34:35,217 --> 01:34:37,553
that Dr. Oppenheimer
is a security risk?
1943
01:34:45,894 --> 01:34:47,604
And if I may,
1944
01:34:47,688 --> 01:34:50,315
when Hitler blew
his brains out in that bunker,
1945
01:34:50,399 --> 01:34:51,984
it's my humble opinion
that there is no need
1946
01:34:52,067 --> 01:34:53,443
for that bomb
to be seen anywhere
1947
01:34:53,527 --> 01:34:55,070
except for that test site.
1948
01:34:55,153 --> 01:34:57,197
But we at least
have to take a moment
1949
01:34:57,281 --> 01:34:59,199
to think about whether the means
1950
01:34:59,283 --> 01:35:01,410
justify the ends
any longer, because...
1951
01:35:03,996 --> 01:35:06,290
Germany is about to surrender.
1952
01:35:08,417 --> 01:35:11,628
It's no longer the enemy
who are the greatest threat
1953
01:35:11,712 --> 01:35:13,422
to mankind, it's our work.
1954
01:35:16,049 --> 01:35:18,594
Hitler's dead, it's true.
1955
01:35:20,470 --> 01:35:21,972
But the Japanese fight on.
1956
01:35:22,055 --> 01:35:23,807
Their defeat seems assured.
1957
01:35:23,891 --> 01:35:26,560
Not if you're a G.I.
preparing to invade.
1958
01:35:28,061 --> 01:35:29,021
We can end this war.
1959
01:35:29,104 --> 01:35:30,647
But how do we justify
1960
01:35:30,731 --> 01:35:32,316
using this weapon
on human beings?
1961
01:35:35,360 --> 01:35:38,697
We're theorists, yes?
1962
01:35:38,780 --> 01:35:40,073
Yes. Yep.
1963
01:35:40,157 --> 01:35:44,203
We imagine a future
and our imaginings horrify us.
1964
01:35:45,495 --> 01:35:47,789
But they won't fear it
until they understand it,
1965
01:35:47,873 --> 01:35:50,459
and they won't understand it
until they've used it.
1966
01:35:50,542 --> 01:35:51,543
When the world learns
1967
01:35:51,627 --> 01:35:54,296
the terrible secret
of Los Alamos,
1968
01:35:54,379 --> 01:35:58,050
our work here will ensure
a peace mankind has never seen.
1969
01:35:58,133 --> 01:36:01,053
A peace based on the kind
of international cooperation
1970
01:36:01,136 --> 01:36:03,263
that Roosevelt always envisaged.
1971
01:36:08,435 --> 01:36:09,520
Progress?
1972
01:36:09,603 --> 01:36:12,439
Two years and
a billion dollars' worth?
1973
01:36:12,523 --> 01:36:14,107
Well, hard to put a price on it.
1974
01:36:14,191 --> 01:36:15,817
Not really,
just add up the bills.
1975
01:36:15,901 --> 01:36:17,653
"Rural free deliveries."
1976
01:36:17,736 --> 01:36:20,322
Eighty babies delivered
the first year.
1977
01:36:20,405 --> 01:36:22,866
This year,
we've had ten a month.
1978
01:36:22,950 --> 01:36:25,285
Birth control is a little out
of my jurisdiction, General.
1979
01:36:26,328 --> 01:36:28,622
-Clearly.
-General.
1980
01:36:33,585 --> 01:36:35,045
Head down, everyone.
1981
01:36:35,128 --> 01:36:36,755
Fuchs, head down.
1982
01:36:39,591 --> 01:36:40,926
Hmm?
1983
01:36:43,637 --> 01:36:45,514
That's the one.
1984
01:36:45,597 --> 01:36:48,100
Two viable bombs. I need a date.
1985
01:36:50,644 --> 01:36:52,354
September.
1986
01:36:52,437 --> 01:36:53,480
July.
1987
01:36:53,564 --> 01:36:55,357
That's the sweet spot,
gentlemen.
1988
01:36:55,440 --> 01:36:57,693
August.
1989
01:36:57,776 --> 01:36:59,319
July.
1990
01:36:59,403 --> 01:37:01,280
Test in July.
1991
01:37:01,363 --> 01:37:03,115
But I need my brother.
1992
01:37:07,286 --> 01:37:09,246
Frank knows the desert,
he's left politics behind,
1993
01:37:09,329 --> 01:37:11,707
he's been working with
Lawrence for two years now.
1994
01:37:18,714 --> 01:37:20,382
What do we call the test?
1995
01:37:21,884 --> 01:37:25,179
"Batter my heart,
three-person'd god."
1996
01:37:25,262 --> 01:37:26,388
What?
1997
01:37:28,015 --> 01:37:29,016
Trinity.
1998
01:37:37,149 --> 01:37:39,443
You insisted on bringing on
your brother Frank,
1999
01:37:39,526 --> 01:37:41,361
-a known Communist.
-A former Communist.
2000
01:37:41,445 --> 01:37:44,072
You brought a known
former Communist
2001
01:37:44,156 --> 01:37:47,910
onto America's most secret
and important defense project.
2002
01:37:47,993 --> 01:37:50,871
I knew my brother
could be trusted. Absolutely.
2003
01:37:50,954 --> 01:37:52,873
And you felt
your judgment was sound
2004
01:37:52,956 --> 01:37:54,625
on who on the team
could be trusted?
2005
01:37:55,667 --> 01:37:56,877
Fuchs, head down.
2006
01:37:56,960 --> 01:37:58,504
Okay, everybody ready?
2007
01:38:00,088 --> 01:38:02,007
Hmm?
2008
01:38:02,090 --> 01:38:03,675
Oh.
2009
01:38:06,887 --> 01:38:07,930
Oh.
2010
01:38:08,013 --> 01:38:09,473
Well, I hope
you learned something.
2011
01:38:09,556 --> 01:38:11,600
Yeah, we learned we're gonna
need to be a lot further away.
2012
01:38:11,683 --> 01:38:13,227
Well, figure it out. Fast.
2013
01:38:13,310 --> 01:38:15,103
We leave for Washington
in the morning.
2014
01:38:15,187 --> 01:38:16,855
We're gonna give them a date.
2015
01:38:31,453 --> 01:38:33,205
You're a long way
from Chicago, Leo.
2016
01:38:33,288 --> 01:38:34,498
If we don't act now,
2017
01:38:34,581 --> 01:38:36,291
they're going to use
this thing against Japan.
2018
01:38:36,375 --> 01:38:38,252
We booked a meeting with Truman,
2019
01:38:38,335 --> 01:38:39,795
but somebody killed it.
2020
01:38:39,878 --> 01:38:41,630
You're meeting
the Secretary of War.
2021
01:38:41,713 --> 01:38:43,924
Just because we're building it,
2022
01:38:44,007 --> 01:38:45,717
doesn't mean we get to decide
how it's used.
2023
01:38:45,801 --> 01:38:48,679
History will judge us, Robert.
2024
01:38:48,762 --> 01:38:51,974
In Chicago,
we put together a petition.
2025
01:38:52,057 --> 01:38:53,892
I'm not...
I'm not getting into that.
2026
01:38:59,273 --> 01:39:00,899
Just tell me your concerns,
and I'll relay them.
2027
01:39:00,983 --> 01:39:02,109
My concerns?
2028
01:39:02,192 --> 01:39:04,111
Germany's defeated.
2029
01:39:04,194 --> 01:39:06,071
Japan's not going
to hold out alone.
2030
01:39:06,154 --> 01:39:07,865
How could you know that?
You got us into this.
2031
01:39:07,948 --> 01:39:09,616
You and Einstein
with your letter to Roosevelt
2032
01:39:09,700 --> 01:39:12,369
-saying we could build a bomb.
-Against Germany.
2033
01:39:12,452 --> 01:39:15,330
That's not how weapons
manufacture works, Szilard.
2034
01:39:15,414 --> 01:39:16,540
Oppie, you have to help.
2035
01:39:16,623 --> 01:39:17,749
Fermi's in the meeting.
2036
01:39:17,833 --> 01:39:19,334
-Lawrence is in the meeting.
-They're not you.
2037
01:39:19,418 --> 01:39:21,795
You're the great salesman
of science.
2038
01:39:21,879 --> 01:39:23,922
You can convince
anyone of anything.
2039
01:39:25,090 --> 01:39:26,091
Even yourself.
2040
01:39:27,134 --> 01:39:28,135
'Scuse me.
2041
01:39:29,386 --> 01:39:32,598
The firestorm in Tokyo killed
100,000 people.
2042
01:39:32,681 --> 01:39:34,600
Mostly civilians.
2043
01:39:34,683 --> 01:39:37,227
I worry about an America
where we do these things
2044
01:39:37,311 --> 01:39:38,854
and no one protests.
2045
01:39:38,937 --> 01:39:42,232
Pearl Harbor and three years of
brutal conflict in the Pacific
2046
01:39:42,316 --> 01:39:44,568
bought us a lot of latitude
with the American public.
2047
01:39:44,651 --> 01:39:46,653
Enough to unleash
the atomic bomb?
2048
01:39:46,737 --> 01:39:48,488
Uh, the A-bomb might not cause
2049
01:39:48,572 --> 01:39:50,449
as much damage
as the Tokyo bombings.
2050
01:39:50,532 --> 01:39:51,825
What are we estimating?
2051
01:39:51,909 --> 01:39:54,536
In a medium-size city, uh,
2052
01:39:54,620 --> 01:39:56,288
20 or 30,000 dead.
2053
01:39:56,371 --> 01:39:58,248
Yes, but, uh,
2054
01:39:58,332 --> 01:40:01,084
don't underestimate
the psychological impact of a...
2055
01:40:01,168 --> 01:40:02,503
of an atomic explosion.
2056
01:40:02,586 --> 01:40:06,924
A pillar of fire
10,000 feet tall.
2057
01:40:07,007 --> 01:40:10,177
Deadly neutron effects
for a mile, in all directions,
2058
01:40:10,260 --> 01:40:13,138
from one single device.
2059
01:40:13,222 --> 01:40:15,390
Dropped from
a barely noticed B-29,
2060
01:40:15,474 --> 01:40:17,893
the atomic bomb will be
2061
01:40:17,976 --> 01:40:20,646
a terrible revelation
of divine power.
2062
01:40:20,729 --> 01:40:23,899
If that's true,
it would be definitive.
2063
01:40:23,982 --> 01:40:25,984
World War II would be over.
2064
01:40:26,068 --> 01:40:27,611
Our boys would come home.
2065
01:40:27,694 --> 01:40:28,862
Military targets?
2066
01:40:30,113 --> 01:40:32,824
Uh, there aren't any big enough.
2067
01:40:32,908 --> 01:40:38,539
Perhaps a vital war plant
with workers housed nearby.
2068
01:40:38,622 --> 01:40:41,083
And we could issue a warning
to reduce civilian casualties.
2069
01:40:41,166 --> 01:40:43,126
They'd send everything
they have up against us,
2070
01:40:43,210 --> 01:40:44,837
and I'd be up in that plane.
2071
01:40:44,920 --> 01:40:48,215
But if we announce it
and it fails to go off,
2072
01:40:48,298 --> 01:40:50,801
we'd scupper any chance
of a Japanese surrender.
2073
01:40:50,884 --> 01:40:53,762
Is there no way to demonstrate
a bomb to Japan
2074
01:40:53,846 --> 01:40:55,305
to provoke surrender?
2075
01:40:55,389 --> 01:40:58,475
We intend to demonstrate it
in the most unambiguous terms.
2076
01:40:58,559 --> 01:40:59,518
Twice.
2077
01:40:59,601 --> 01:41:01,478
Once to show the weapon's power
2078
01:41:01,562 --> 01:41:04,106
and a second to show
that we can keep doing this
2079
01:41:04,189 --> 01:41:05,315
until they surrender.
2080
01:41:05,399 --> 01:41:08,944
We have a list of 12 cities
to choose from...
2081
01:41:09,027 --> 01:41:10,863
Sorry, 11.
2082
01:41:10,946 --> 01:41:12,739
I've taken Kyoto off the list
2083
01:41:12,823 --> 01:41:16,451
due to its cultural significance
to the Japanese people.
2084
01:41:16,535 --> 01:41:19,246
Also, my wife and I
honeymooned there.
2085
01:41:19,329 --> 01:41:20,497
It's a magnificent city.
2086
01:41:24,418 --> 01:41:25,919
Let me make this
simple for you, gentlemen.
2087
01:41:26,003 --> 01:41:28,463
According to my intelligence,
which I cannot share with you,
2088
01:41:28,547 --> 01:41:30,966
the Japanese people
will not surrender
2089
01:41:31,049 --> 01:41:32,634
under any circumstances
2090
01:41:32,718 --> 01:41:36,346
short of a successful and total
invasion of the home islands.
2091
01:41:36,430 --> 01:41:39,349
Many lives will be lost,
American and Japanese.
2092
01:41:39,433 --> 01:41:41,435
The use of the atomic bomb
on Japanese cities
2093
01:41:41,518 --> 01:41:43,353
will save lives.
2094
01:41:43,437 --> 01:41:45,939
If we retain moral advantage.
2095
01:41:46,023 --> 01:41:48,192
-How so?
-Well, if we use this weapon
2096
01:41:48,275 --> 01:41:50,944
without informing our allies,
they'll see it as a threat.
2097
01:41:51,028 --> 01:41:52,237
And we'll be in an arms race.
2098
01:41:52,321 --> 01:41:54,406
How open can we be
with the Soviets?
2099
01:41:54,489 --> 01:41:56,033
Secrecy won't stop the Soviets
2100
01:41:56,116 --> 01:41:58,410
from becoming part
of the atomic world.
2101
01:41:58,493 --> 01:42:00,621
We've been told
they have no uranium.
2102
01:42:00,704 --> 01:42:01,747
You've been misinformed.
2103
01:42:01,830 --> 01:42:03,665
A Russian bomb
is a matter of time.
2104
01:42:03,749 --> 01:42:07,211
The program needs to continue
at full pace after the war.
2105
01:42:07,294 --> 01:42:09,838
Uh, Secretary Stimson,
if I may...
2106
01:42:09,922 --> 01:42:13,884
Not all scientists
on the project are in agreement.
2107
01:42:13,967 --> 01:42:16,762
In fact, this might be a moment
to consider other opinions.
2108
01:42:16,845 --> 01:42:18,680
-If you talk a scientist in...
-The Manhattan Project
2109
01:42:18,764 --> 01:42:20,307
has been plagued from the start
2110
01:42:20,390 --> 01:42:23,769
by certain scientists
of doubtful discretion
2111
01:42:23,852 --> 01:42:25,395
and uncertain loyalty.
2112
01:42:25,479 --> 01:42:27,356
One of them just tried to meet
with the president.
2113
01:42:27,439 --> 01:42:29,066
Now, we need these men,
2114
01:42:29,149 --> 01:42:30,651
but as soon as it's practical,
2115
01:42:30,734 --> 01:42:32,903
we should sever any such
scientists from the program.
2116
01:42:32,986 --> 01:42:34,279
Wouldn't you agree, Doctor?
2117
01:42:35,822 --> 01:42:37,491
If a Russian bomb is inevitable,
2118
01:42:37,574 --> 01:42:40,953
perhaps we should invite
their top scientists to Trinity.
2119
01:42:41,036 --> 01:42:43,288
President Truman
has no intention
2120
01:42:43,372 --> 01:42:44,915
of raising expectations
2121
01:42:44,998 --> 01:42:47,668
that Stalin be included
in the atomic project.
2122
01:42:47,751 --> 01:42:49,294
Informing him
of our breakthrough
2123
01:42:49,378 --> 01:42:50,712
and presenting it as a means
to win the war
2124
01:42:50,796 --> 01:42:53,632
need not make
unkeepable promises.
2125
01:42:53,715 --> 01:42:55,259
But the Potsdam
peace conference in July
2126
01:42:55,342 --> 01:42:57,135
will be President Truman's
last chance
2127
01:42:57,219 --> 01:42:59,346
to have that conversation.
2128
01:42:59,429 --> 01:43:01,306
Can you give us
a working bomb by then?
2129
01:43:02,349 --> 01:43:05,811
Absolutely. We will test fire
before the conference.
2130
01:43:10,732 --> 01:43:13,235
Ground zero observation posts
2131
01:43:13,318 --> 01:43:14,736
at 10,000 yards
2132
01:43:14,820 --> 01:43:17,072
north, south and west.
2133
01:43:17,155 --> 01:43:20,325
-Where do we trigger from?
-Uh, south 10,000.
2134
01:43:20,409 --> 01:43:23,537
And base camp
is ten miles south, here.
2135
01:43:23,620 --> 01:43:26,540
And there's a further
observation post
2136
01:43:26,623 --> 01:43:28,876
on-on that hill 20 miles away.
2137
01:43:28,959 --> 01:43:31,879
What's that, Frank?
Trigger lines already went in.
2138
01:43:31,962 --> 01:43:35,424
The Air Force requested
a line of lights for their B-29.
2139
01:43:35,507 --> 01:43:37,843
What B-29?
Our bomb's on the tower.
2140
01:43:37,926 --> 01:43:39,261
They want to use the test
2141
01:43:39,344 --> 01:43:41,013
to confirm a safe
operating distance.
2142
01:43:41,096 --> 01:43:42,139
That's risky.
2143
01:43:42,222 --> 01:43:43,765
Not as risky as dropping one
over Japan
2144
01:43:43,849 --> 01:43:45,851
and hoping that we were right
about the blast radius.
2145
01:43:45,934 --> 01:43:48,103
Don't let them slow us down,
we're firing on the 15th.
2146
01:43:48,187 --> 01:43:51,273
-The 15th? That's not...
-The 15th.
2147
01:43:51,356 --> 01:43:53,233
The 15th.
2148
01:43:54,568 --> 01:43:56,528
So I'll be here
at South Observation point
2149
01:43:56,612 --> 01:43:58,906
with Frank and Kistiakowsky.
2150
01:43:58,989 --> 01:44:01,533
You'll all be assigned
to Base Camp,
2151
01:44:01,617 --> 01:44:04,620
West Observation
or Far Observation.
2152
01:44:14,338 --> 01:44:16,173
Whoa, whoa.
Careful with the knife.
2153
01:44:16,256 --> 01:44:18,300
There, carefully.
2154
01:44:19,760 --> 01:44:21,345
Are those safe distances?
2155
01:44:21,428 --> 01:44:23,805
They're based
on your calculations.
2156
01:44:23,889 --> 01:44:26,475
Time to stand behind
your science, Hans. Literally.
2157
01:44:50,207 --> 01:44:51,291
Yeah.
2158
01:44:56,380 --> 01:44:58,048
What 'bout the radiation cloud?
2159
01:44:58,131 --> 01:44:59,216
Without high winds,
2160
01:44:59,299 --> 01:45:01,176
it should settle
within two to three miles.
2161
01:45:01,260 --> 01:45:03,595
Evacuation measures
are in place.
2162
01:45:03,679 --> 01:45:05,305
But we need good weather
for visibility,
2163
01:45:05,389 --> 01:45:06,473
so it has to be fine.
2164
01:45:07,891 --> 01:45:09,059
Everybody out.
2165
01:45:19,403 --> 01:45:20,571
We go on the night of the 15th.
2166
01:45:20,654 --> 01:45:22,573
It's a hard deadline,
2167
01:45:22,656 --> 01:45:25,450
so if anyone has anything,
speak now.
2168
01:45:26,577 --> 01:45:27,828
Okay, stop, stop.
2169
01:45:27,911 --> 01:45:29,663
Everybody, mattresses.
2170
01:45:29,746 --> 01:45:31,540
Put the mattress underneath.
2171
01:45:48,807 --> 01:45:51,351
Could use
a final implosion test.
2172
01:45:52,477 --> 01:45:54,438
It couldn't hurt.
2173
01:45:54,521 --> 01:45:55,689
Do it.
2174
01:45:56,857 --> 01:45:59,151
Is there anything else
that might stop us?
2175
01:46:33,227 --> 01:46:36,063
It's happening, isn't it?
2176
01:46:37,272 --> 01:46:38,857
I'll send a message.
2177
01:46:39,983 --> 01:46:42,694
If it's gone our way,
2178
01:46:42,778 --> 01:46:43,987
take in the sheets.
2179
01:46:48,116 --> 01:46:49,117
Robert?
2180
01:46:51,870 --> 01:46:53,288
Break a leg.
2181
01:47:59,897 --> 01:48:03,066
Oppie's taken a very modest
three kilotons.
2182
01:48:03,150 --> 01:48:05,402
-Teller's in with 45.
-20.
2183
01:48:05,485 --> 01:48:07,779
Twenty thousand tons of TNT,
2184
01:48:07,863 --> 01:48:09,531
and does anyone want
the side action
2185
01:48:09,615 --> 01:48:11,909
on atmospheric ignition?
2186
01:48:13,160 --> 01:48:15,996
Are you saying
we'll have to delay?
2187
01:48:16,079 --> 01:48:17,039
I'm saying it would be prudent.
2188
01:48:17,122 --> 01:48:18,582
This weather,
has it reached the site?
2189
01:48:24,254 --> 01:48:26,215
Bethe is calling to tell you
the implosion test failed.
2190
01:48:26,298 --> 01:48:27,925
Hello, Hans.
2191
01:48:28,008 --> 01:48:29,343
Yes, he's here.
2192
01:48:30,135 --> 01:48:31,678
Yes.
2193
01:48:34,181 --> 01:48:35,265
-Is he wrong?
-No.
2194
01:48:35,349 --> 01:48:37,142
-No?
-No.
2195
01:48:38,185 --> 01:48:39,811
So we're about to fire a dud?
2196
01:48:39,895 --> 01:48:41,271
-No.
-Explain.
2197
01:48:41,355 --> 01:48:43,982
Well, I can't. I just...
I-I just know.
2198
01:48:44,066 --> 01:48:45,817
I know the implosion lenses
will work.
2199
01:48:45,901 --> 01:48:46,985
If we fire these detonators
2200
01:48:47,069 --> 01:48:48,320
and they don't
trigger a reaction,
2201
01:48:48,403 --> 01:48:50,113
two years' worth of plutonium
2202
01:48:50,197 --> 01:48:51,490
will be scattered
across White Sands.
2203
01:48:51,573 --> 01:48:55,452
A month of my salary against
ten bucks says it lights.
2204
01:48:55,536 --> 01:48:57,496
Jesus.
2205
01:49:02,876 --> 01:49:05,796
The wind's picking up at zero,
not the rain.
2206
01:49:05,879 --> 01:49:06,964
Lightning's circling.
2207
01:49:07,047 --> 01:49:08,841
You think it might be time
to tell your men
2208
01:49:08,924 --> 01:49:11,635
to get away from the steel tower
with the atomic bomb?
2209
01:49:14,888 --> 01:49:16,765
Let's get to South Observation.
2210
01:49:16,849 --> 01:49:17,975
Pull 'em out.
2211
01:49:18,058 --> 01:49:19,726
We can make
our determination there.
2212
01:49:25,023 --> 01:49:26,984
The team hasn't slept
in two nights.
2213
01:49:27,067 --> 01:49:29,027
If we stand down,
make the bomb safe,
2214
01:49:29,111 --> 01:49:30,404
we won't be back here for weeks.
2215
01:49:30,487 --> 01:49:32,155
Then we'll miss Potsdam.
2216
01:49:32,239 --> 01:49:34,074
I gotta get word
to Truman by 7:00.
2217
01:49:34,157 --> 01:49:35,242
Our window's closing.
2218
01:49:35,325 --> 01:49:36,326
What is this doing?
2219
01:49:36,410 --> 01:49:37,703
Raining, blowing, lightning.
2220
01:49:37,786 --> 01:49:39,955
-For how long, damn it?
-It's holdin' strong.
2221
01:49:40,038 --> 01:49:41,540
It'll break before dawn.
2222
01:49:41,623 --> 01:49:43,083
-How could you know that?
-I know this desert.
2223
01:49:43,166 --> 01:49:44,293
Storm cools overnight.
2224
01:49:44,376 --> 01:49:45,836
Just before dawn,
the storm breaks.
2225
01:49:45,919 --> 01:49:48,088
He could be right, but schedule
as late as possible.
2226
01:49:48,172 --> 01:49:50,007
5:30!
2227
01:49:50,090 --> 01:49:51,091
Sign your forecast.
2228
01:49:51,175 --> 01:49:52,301
If you're wrong, I'll hang you.
2229
01:49:52,384 --> 01:49:54,011
Frank, tell them all, 5:30.
2230
01:49:54,094 --> 01:49:55,971
-5:30, 5:30.
-5:30.
2231
01:49:58,640 --> 01:50:03,520
Three years,
4,000 people, $2 billion.
2232
01:50:03,604 --> 01:50:05,898
Well, if it doesn't go off...
2233
01:50:05,981 --> 01:50:07,274
we're both finished.
2234
01:50:10,235 --> 01:50:11,862
I'm betting on three kilotons.
2235
01:50:13,071 --> 01:50:14,781
Anything less,
they won't get what it is.
2236
01:50:14,865 --> 01:50:19,119
What did Fermi mean
by "atmospheric ignition"?
2237
01:50:19,203 --> 01:50:20,829
Well, we had a moment
where it looked like
2238
01:50:20,913 --> 01:50:24,458
the chain reaction from an
atomic device might never stop.
2239
01:50:25,834 --> 01:50:27,920
Setting fire to the atmosphere.
2240
01:50:28,003 --> 01:50:29,880
Why is Fermi
still taking side bets on it?
2241
01:50:29,963 --> 01:50:32,591
Call it gallows humor.
2242
01:50:35,469 --> 01:50:38,138
Wait, are we saying
there's a chance
2243
01:50:38,222 --> 01:50:39,973
that when we push that button,
2244
01:50:40,057 --> 01:50:41,558
we destroy the world?
2245
01:50:41,642 --> 01:50:43,560
Nothing in our research
over three years
2246
01:50:43,644 --> 01:50:45,312
supports that conclusion.
2247
01:50:45,395 --> 01:50:48,065
Except as the most
remote possibility.
2248
01:50:48,148 --> 01:50:49,608
How remote?
2249
01:50:49,691 --> 01:50:51,026
Chances are near zero.
2250
01:50:52,611 --> 01:50:53,612
Near zero?
2251
01:50:54,863 --> 01:50:57,241
What do you want
from theory alone?
2252
01:50:59,034 --> 01:51:00,953
Zero would be nice.
2253
01:51:04,456 --> 01:51:06,166
In exactly
2254
01:51:06,250 --> 01:51:09,378
one hour, 58 minutes,
2255
01:51:09,461 --> 01:51:10,712
we'll know.
2256
01:51:17,094 --> 01:51:18,095
It's letting up.
2257
01:51:31,191 --> 01:51:33,443
The arming party's left Zero,
they're heading this way.
2258
01:51:33,527 --> 01:51:34,528
Throwing the switches.
2259
01:51:34,611 --> 01:51:35,612
Turn the cars.
2260
01:51:35,696 --> 01:51:37,865
Ready for emergency evacuation.
2261
01:51:56,049 --> 01:51:57,050
...welder's glass.
2262
01:51:57,134 --> 01:51:58,635
Everybody take your places.
2263
01:51:58,719 --> 01:52:00,971
Everybody take a welder's glass.
2264
01:52:02,723 --> 01:52:04,516
Everybody take a welder's glass.
2265
01:52:55,901 --> 01:52:56,902
Twenty minutes.
2266
01:53:00,781 --> 01:53:02,449
Twenty minutes.
2267
01:53:13,752 --> 01:53:14,962
That's 20.
2268
01:53:18,298 --> 01:53:19,716
On the leg, please.
2269
01:53:21,260 --> 01:53:23,762
-Feynman.
-No.
2270
01:53:23,846 --> 01:53:25,848
The glass. Stops the U.V.
2271
01:53:25,931 --> 01:53:27,474
And what stops the glass?
2272
01:53:28,725 --> 01:53:31,478
I'm gonna head to base camp.
Best of luck.
2273
01:53:32,729 --> 01:53:33,939
Robert.
2274
01:53:34,982 --> 01:53:36,608
Try not to blow up the world.
2275
01:53:48,453 --> 01:53:49,621
Watch that needle.
2276
01:53:49,705 --> 01:53:51,248
If the detonators don't charge
2277
01:53:51,331 --> 01:53:53,166
or the voltage drops
below one volt,
2278
01:53:53,250 --> 01:53:55,294
you hit that button, you abort.
2279
01:53:55,377 --> 01:53:57,504
-Understood?
-Understood.
2280
01:54:05,137 --> 01:54:07,389
Two minutes to detonation.
2281
01:54:07,472 --> 01:54:09,433
Everybody down.
2282
01:54:09,516 --> 01:54:10,684
Do not turn around
2283
01:54:10,767 --> 01:54:13,562
until you see light
reflected on the hills.
2284
01:54:13,645 --> 01:54:14,897
Then look at the explosion
2285
01:54:14,980 --> 01:54:16,565
only through
your welder's glass.
2286
01:54:16,648 --> 01:54:18,901
Ninety seconds to detonation.
2287
01:54:20,903 --> 01:54:23,655
Ninety seconds to detonation.
2288
01:54:23,739 --> 01:54:25,824
Is it rubbed in?
2289
01:54:25,908 --> 01:54:26,909
Yeah.
2290
01:54:33,749 --> 01:54:36,585
Sixty seconds to detonation.
2291
01:54:51,433 --> 01:54:53,685
These things are hard
on your heart.
2292
01:54:53,769 --> 01:54:55,020
Thirty seconds.
2293
01:55:00,526 --> 01:55:01,818
Detonators charged.
2294
01:55:12,120 --> 01:55:15,207
Seventeen, sixteen,
2295
01:55:15,290 --> 01:55:16,542
fifteen,
2296
01:55:16,625 --> 01:55:17,835
fourteen,
2297
01:55:17,918 --> 01:55:19,628
thirteen,
2298
01:55:19,711 --> 01:55:21,964
twelve,
2299
01:55:22,047 --> 01:55:23,423
eleven,
2300
01:55:23,507 --> 01:55:25,425
ten,
2301
01:55:25,509 --> 01:55:28,136
nine,
2302
01:55:28,220 --> 01:55:30,097
eight,
2303
01:55:30,180 --> 01:55:32,724
seven,
2304
01:55:32,808 --> 01:55:35,143
six...
2305
01:55:35,227 --> 01:55:36,353
...five...
2306
01:55:38,397 --> 01:55:41,066
...four...
2307
01:55:41,149 --> 01:55:43,026
three...
2308
01:55:43,110 --> 01:55:44,319
two...
2309
01:55:45,904 --> 01:55:47,030
...one.
2310
01:56:08,427 --> 01:56:10,053
Poof.
2311
01:57:19,331 --> 01:57:22,292
"And now I am become Death.
2312
01:57:24,461 --> 01:57:26,380
The destroyer of worlds."
2313
01:57:59,705 --> 01:58:00,956
It worked.
2314
01:58:36,325 --> 01:58:38,368
-You owe me ten dollars!
-Oh!
2315
01:58:40,579 --> 01:58:41,705
-Come on!
-Hang on.
2316
01:58:41,788 --> 01:58:43,248
I'm good for it, Kisty.
2317
01:58:44,333 --> 01:58:45,417
You are.
2318
01:58:45,501 --> 01:58:48,337
Yes, you are!
2319
01:59:12,486 --> 01:59:13,695
Well done.
2320
01:59:15,572 --> 01:59:18,116
We did it! We did it!
2321
01:59:18,200 --> 01:59:19,952
Well done.
2322
01:59:24,998 --> 01:59:26,750
-Get me Potsdam right away.
-Yes, sir.
2323
01:59:38,220 --> 01:59:39,805
Get a message to Kitty.
2324
01:59:39,888 --> 01:59:40,889
We can't say anything.
2325
01:59:40,973 --> 01:59:42,307
Tell her to take in the sheets.
2326
01:59:50,649 --> 01:59:52,276
We did it, everyone!
2327
01:59:57,447 --> 01:59:58,949
Hello?
2328
01:59:59,032 --> 02:00:01,410
-Hi, Kitty?
-What, what? Charlotte...
2329
02:00:01,493 --> 02:00:02,744
Charlotte, go ahead, go ahead.
2330
02:00:02,828 --> 02:00:04,371
Oh, um, well, I don't know,
2331
02:00:04,454 --> 02:00:07,499
he just said to tell you
to "bring in the sheets."
2332
02:00:10,043 --> 02:00:11,295
Kitty?
2333
02:00:12,796 --> 02:00:15,132
Kitty?
Kitty, are you still there?
2334
02:00:22,306 --> 02:00:24,224
If they detonate it
too high in the air,
2335
02:00:24,308 --> 02:00:25,559
the blast won't be as powerful.
2336
02:00:25,642 --> 02:00:27,644
With respect, Dr. Oppenheimer,
2337
02:00:27,728 --> 02:00:29,479
we'll take it from here.
2338
02:00:40,157 --> 02:00:42,951
Did Truman brief Stalin
at Potsdam?
2339
02:00:43,035 --> 02:00:45,621
A brief would be
an overstatement.
2340
02:00:45,704 --> 02:00:49,791
He referred
to a powerful new weapon.
2341
02:00:49,875 --> 02:00:54,671
Stalin hoped we'd use it
against Japan.
2342
02:00:56,048 --> 02:00:57,633
That's it?
2343
02:00:57,716 --> 02:01:01,011
Robert, we've given them an ace,
it's for them to play the hand.
2344
02:01:03,263 --> 02:01:05,432
You're aiming for the 6th?
2345
02:01:05,516 --> 02:01:07,351
It's up to the CO
in the Pacific.
2346
02:01:09,102 --> 02:01:10,979
Shall I come with you
to Washington?
2347
02:01:12,648 --> 02:01:13,732
What for?
2348
02:01:16,235 --> 02:01:17,528
Well, you'll keep me informed.
2349
02:01:19,112 --> 02:01:20,447
Of course.
2350
02:01:22,407 --> 02:01:23,784
As best I can.
2351
02:01:41,718 --> 02:01:44,179
Would the Japanese surrender
if they knew what was coming?
2352
02:01:45,639 --> 02:01:46,890
I don't know.
2353
02:01:49,601 --> 02:01:51,603
Have you seen
Szilard's petition?
2354
02:01:51,687 --> 02:01:54,231
What the hell does Szilard
know about the Japanese?
2355
02:01:54,314 --> 02:01:55,482
You're not signing it, are you?
2356
02:01:55,566 --> 02:01:58,735
Many people have.
A lot of people have.
2357
02:01:58,819 --> 02:01:59,945
Edward.
2358
02:02:01,405 --> 02:02:02,823
The fact that we built this bomb
2359
02:02:02,906 --> 02:02:06,159
does not give us any more...
any more right or responsibility
2360
02:02:06,243 --> 02:02:08,328
to decide how it's used
than anyone else.
2361
02:02:08,412 --> 02:02:10,455
But we're the only people
who know about it.
2362
02:02:10,539 --> 02:02:13,834
I've told Stimson the various
opinions of the community.
2363
02:02:13,917 --> 02:02:15,210
But what's your opinion?
2364
02:02:16,670 --> 02:02:17,838
Once it's used...
2365
02:02:19,339 --> 02:02:22,551
...nuclear war,
perhaps all war...
2366
02:02:24,511 --> 02:02:25,888
...becomes unthinkable.
2367
02:02:25,971 --> 02:02:28,640
Until somebody
builds a bigger bomb.
2368
02:02:49,620 --> 02:02:51,163
I thought they would call.
2369
02:02:51,246 --> 02:02:52,497
It's only the 5th.
2370
02:02:55,083 --> 02:02:56,793
In Japan, it's the 6th.
2371
02:03:10,015 --> 02:03:11,016
Charlotte.
2372
02:03:13,560 --> 02:03:15,062
Try Groves.
2373
02:03:16,146 --> 02:03:17,147
Anything?
2374
02:03:19,733 --> 02:03:20,734
Charlotte?
2375
02:03:20,817 --> 02:03:22,194
Truman's on the radio.
2376
02:03:23,403 --> 02:03:26,198
Sixteen hours ago,
2377
02:03:26,281 --> 02:03:31,870
an American airplane dropped
one bomb on Hiroshima...
2378
02:03:33,038 --> 02:03:36,124
...and destroyed its usefulness
to the enemy.
2379
02:03:38,335 --> 02:03:43,799
The bomb had more power
than 20,000 tons of TNT.
2380
02:03:45,592 --> 02:03:48,053
It is an atomic bomb.
2381
02:03:51,056 --> 02:03:52,641
It is a harnessing
2382
02:03:52,724 --> 02:03:55,310
of the basic powers
of the universe.
2383
02:03:57,437 --> 02:03:58,814
Groves on one.
2384
02:03:58,897 --> 02:04:02,192
We are now prepared
to destroy more rapidly
2385
02:04:02,276 --> 02:04:04,403
and completely the Japanese...
2386
02:04:04,486 --> 02:04:06,238
General?
2387
02:04:06,321 --> 02:04:09,116
I'm very proud of you
and all of your people.
2388
02:04:09,199 --> 02:04:10,701
It went all right?
2389
02:04:10,784 --> 02:04:13,662
Apparently, it went
with a tremendous bang.
2390
02:04:13,745 --> 02:04:15,414
Well,
2391
02:04:15,497 --> 02:04:18,083
everyone here is feeling
reasonably good about it.
2392
02:04:19,793 --> 02:04:21,461
It's been a long road.
2393
02:04:21,545 --> 02:04:24,173
I think one of the wisest things
I ever did
2394
02:04:24,256 --> 02:04:27,342
was when I selected
the director of Los Alamos.
2395
02:04:29,720 --> 02:04:31,847
We have spent
2396
02:04:31,930 --> 02:04:33,891
more than $2 billion
2397
02:04:33,974 --> 02:04:38,020
on the greatest
scientific gamble in history,
2398
02:04:38,103 --> 02:04:40,898
and we have won.
2399
02:04:44,651 --> 02:04:47,196
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
2400
02:04:47,279 --> 02:04:49,239
Oppie! Oppie!
2401
02:04:49,323 --> 02:04:52,618
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
2402
02:04:52,701 --> 02:04:54,411
Oppie! Oppie!
2403
02:04:54,494 --> 02:04:57,414
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
2404
02:04:57,497 --> 02:05:00,709
Oppie! Oppie!
Oppie! Oppie!
2405
02:05:00,792 --> 02:05:05,172
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
2406
02:05:05,255 --> 02:05:06,715
Oppie! Oppie!
2407
02:05:06,798 --> 02:05:09,134
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
2408
02:06:08,193 --> 02:06:09,319
The world...
2409
02:06:11,363 --> 02:06:12,573
...will remember this day.
2410
02:06:31,466 --> 02:06:33,010
It's too soon to...
2411
02:06:34,136 --> 02:06:35,888
It's too soon to determine
2412
02:06:35,971 --> 02:06:37,890
what the results
of the bombing are.
2413
02:06:41,101 --> 02:06:42,769
But I'll bet the Japanese
didn't like it.
2414
02:07:03,624 --> 02:07:04,833
I'm so proud.
2415
02:07:06,335 --> 02:07:08,212
So proud of what
you have accomplished.
2416
02:07:15,052 --> 02:07:18,472
I just wish we had it in time
to use against the Germans.
2417
02:09:08,457 --> 02:09:09,917
Dr. Oppenheimer?
2418
02:09:10,918 --> 02:09:13,086
Dr. Oppenheimer?
2419
02:09:13,170 --> 02:09:14,880
-Nice picture.
-Oh.
2420
02:09:14,963 --> 02:09:16,882
President Truman
will see you now.
2421
02:09:31,021 --> 02:09:33,774
Dr. Oppenheimer. It's an honor.
2422
02:09:33,857 --> 02:09:35,734
-Mr. President.
-Please.
2423
02:09:35,817 --> 02:09:37,444
Thank you.
2424
02:09:37,528 --> 02:09:38,779
Secretary Byrnes.
2425
02:09:40,405 --> 02:09:42,366
How's it feel to be
2426
02:09:42,449 --> 02:09:44,159
the most famous man
in the world?
2427
02:09:45,410 --> 02:09:48,580
You helped save a lot
of American lives.
2428
02:09:48,664 --> 02:09:50,958
What we did
at Hiroshima was a...
2429
02:09:51,041 --> 02:09:52,876
And Nagasaki.
2430
02:09:52,960 --> 02:09:54,962
Well, obviously.
2431
02:09:55,045 --> 02:09:58,924
Your invention let us
bring our boys home.
2432
02:09:59,007 --> 02:10:02,219
Well, it was hardly
my invention.
2433
02:10:02,302 --> 02:10:04,513
It was you on the cover of Time.
2434
02:10:07,558 --> 02:10:09,101
Jim tells me you're concerned
2435
02:10:09,184 --> 02:10:10,727
about an arms race
with the Soviets.
2436
02:10:10,811 --> 02:10:12,771
Uh, yes, uh...
2437
02:10:13,981 --> 02:10:15,190
Well, um,
2438
02:10:15,274 --> 02:10:20,612
it's that, uh, now is
our chance to secure
2439
02:10:20,696 --> 02:10:23,490
international cooperation
on atomic energy,
2440
02:10:23,574 --> 02:10:26,577
and... and I'm concerned...
2441
02:10:26,660 --> 02:10:28,745
Do you know when the Soviets
are gonna have the bomb?
2442
02:10:28,829 --> 02:10:30,664
I don't think I could give a...
2443
02:10:30,747 --> 02:10:31,832
Never.
2444
02:10:32,833 --> 02:10:34,376
Never.
2445
02:10:34,459 --> 02:10:37,796
Mr. President, the-the Russians
have good physicists
2446
02:10:37,880 --> 02:10:39,256
and-and...
and abundant resources.
2447
02:10:39,339 --> 02:10:41,466
-Abundant?
-Yes.
2448
02:10:41,550 --> 02:10:44,970
I don't think so.
2449
02:10:45,053 --> 02:10:47,973
Well, they'll-they'll put
everything they have and...
2450
02:10:51,727 --> 02:10:55,189
I hear you're leaving
Los Alamos.
2451
02:10:56,648 --> 02:10:57,816
What should we do with it?
2452
02:10:57,900 --> 02:11:00,068
Give it back to the Indians.
2453
02:11:07,784 --> 02:11:11,079
Um... Dr. Oppenheimer,
2454
02:11:11,163 --> 02:11:13,332
if what you say about
the Soviets is true,
2455
02:11:13,415 --> 02:11:16,793
we have to build up Los Alamos,
2456
02:11:16,877 --> 02:11:18,629
not shut it down.
2457
02:11:22,049 --> 02:11:23,675
Uh, Mr. President...
2458
02:11:24,885 --> 02:11:26,011
Um...
2459
02:11:29,139 --> 02:11:32,559
I feel that I have blood
on my hands.
2460
02:11:52,538 --> 02:11:57,751
You think anyone
in Hiroshima or Nagasaki
2461
02:11:57,835 --> 02:12:00,796
gives a shit who built the bomb?
2462
02:12:04,091 --> 02:12:06,051
They care who dropped it.
2463
02:12:07,261 --> 02:12:09,012
I did.
2464
02:12:10,681 --> 02:12:13,350
Hiroshima isn't about you.
2465
02:12:19,606 --> 02:12:21,733
Dr. Oppenheimer.
2466
02:12:32,995 --> 02:12:35,330
Don't let that crybaby
back in here.
2467
02:12:40,878 --> 02:12:43,922
Robert saw that
hand-wringing got him nowhere.
2468
02:12:44,006 --> 02:12:47,259
By the time I'd met him,
he'd fully embraced
2469
02:12:47,342 --> 02:12:49,803
his "father of the bomb"
reputation.
2470
02:12:49,887 --> 02:12:52,264
Used his profile
to influence policy.
2471
02:13:01,690 --> 02:13:03,150
Doctor, in the years
following the war,
2472
02:13:03,233 --> 02:13:05,277
would you say that
you exerted a great influence
2473
02:13:05,360 --> 02:13:07,279
on the atomic policies
of the USA?
2474
02:13:07,362 --> 02:13:09,698
I think great
would be an overstatement.
2475
02:13:09,781 --> 02:13:11,825
Really? If we look
at the issue of isotopes,
2476
02:13:11,909 --> 02:13:13,410
were you not
personally responsible
2477
02:13:13,493 --> 02:13:15,495
for destroying all opposition
to their export?
2478
02:13:15,579 --> 02:13:18,081
Could use a-a bottle of beer...
2479
02:13:18,165 --> 02:13:20,250
when making atomic weapons.
In fact, you do.
2480
02:13:20,334 --> 02:13:22,711
I was the spokesman,
but the-the opinion
2481
02:13:22,794 --> 02:13:24,421
among scientists was unanimous.
2482
02:13:24,505 --> 02:13:26,298
All along with McCarthy
on the rise,
2483
02:13:26,381 --> 02:13:27,591
he knew he was vulnerable.
2484
02:13:27,674 --> 02:13:29,009
His brother was blacklisted
2485
02:13:29,092 --> 02:13:31,929
by every university
in the country.
2486
02:13:33,138 --> 02:13:35,766
Lomanitz wound up working
the railroad, laying track.
2487
02:13:38,477 --> 02:13:39,811
And Chevalier went into exile.
2488
02:13:43,106 --> 02:13:44,483
But none of that
2489
02:13:44,566 --> 02:13:46,401
stopped Robert
from pushing the GAC
2490
02:13:46,485 --> 02:13:48,987
to recommend arms control
instead of the H-bomb.
2491
02:13:51,281 --> 02:13:52,491
He was devastated
2492
02:13:52,574 --> 02:13:54,576
when Truman rejected
their recommendation.
2493
02:13:56,495 --> 02:13:58,997
I miss Richard
more than I can bear.
2494
02:13:59,081 --> 02:14:00,958
I know, Ruth, I know.
2495
02:14:01,041 --> 02:14:03,919
Part of me's glad he didn't live
to see where this is all going.
2496
02:14:06,880 --> 02:14:08,257
Here comes the birthday boy.
2497
02:14:08,340 --> 02:14:10,717
-To gloat.
-Have fun.
2498
02:14:11,844 --> 02:14:14,221
Robert, uh, my son and his
fiancée are desperate to meet
2499
02:14:14,304 --> 02:14:16,306
the father of the atomic bomb,
and so...
2500
02:14:16,390 --> 02:14:18,976
Well. Good day.
2501
02:14:25,148 --> 02:14:27,234
Is this a bad time?
2502
02:14:27,317 --> 02:14:28,610
What do you think, Lewis?
2503
02:14:28,694 --> 02:14:30,737
Well, I think it must have
been a blow for you.
2504
02:14:30,821 --> 02:14:32,906
For the world.
2505
02:14:32,990 --> 02:14:34,700
The world?
2506
02:14:34,783 --> 02:14:38,412
What does Fuchs mean
to the rest of the world?
2507
02:14:38,495 --> 02:14:40,122
Fuchs?
2508
02:14:40,205 --> 02:14:41,540
Klaus Fuchs?
2509
02:14:43,250 --> 02:14:45,252
Oh, dear. You haven't heard.
2510
02:14:48,630 --> 02:14:50,632
Klaus Fuchs, the British
scientist that you put
2511
02:14:50,716 --> 02:14:53,677
onto the implosion team
at Los Alamos,
2512
02:14:53,760 --> 02:14:55,971
turns out he was...
2513
02:14:56,054 --> 02:14:59,224
he was spying for the Soviets
the whole time.
2514
02:14:59,308 --> 02:15:00,475
I'm sorry.
2515
02:15:06,106 --> 02:15:08,901
After the truth
about Fuchs came out,
2516
02:15:08,984 --> 02:15:11,111
the FBI stepped up
surveillance on him.
2517
02:15:11,195 --> 02:15:14,656
He knew his phone was tapped,
he was followed everywhere...
2518
02:15:16,325 --> 02:15:17,367
...his trash picked through.
2519
02:15:21,705 --> 02:15:23,165
But never stopped
speaking his mind.
2520
02:15:23,248 --> 02:15:25,918
A man of conviction.
2521
02:15:26,001 --> 02:15:28,420
And maybe he thought fame
could actually protect him.
2522
02:15:30,547 --> 02:15:33,342
When Eisenhower took office,
he saw one more chance.
2523
02:15:35,010 --> 02:15:36,053
He took it.
2524
02:15:36,136 --> 02:15:38,514
America and Russia
2525
02:15:38,597 --> 02:15:42,976
may be likened
to two scorpions in a bottle,
2526
02:15:43,060 --> 02:15:46,355
each capable
of killing the other
2527
02:15:46,438 --> 02:15:49,191
but only at the risk
of his own life.
2528
02:15:49,274 --> 02:15:51,902
Now, there are various aspects
of this policy...
2529
02:15:51,985 --> 02:15:53,946
Lot of scientists blame me,
2530
02:15:54,029 --> 02:15:56,990
but how was I supposed
to protect him?
2531
02:15:57,074 --> 02:15:58,909
...too secret for discussion,
2532
02:15:58,992 --> 02:16:00,994
candor is the only remedy.
2533
02:16:01,078 --> 02:16:02,246
Officials in Washington
2534
02:16:02,329 --> 02:16:04,206
need to start leveling
with the American people.
2535
02:16:05,999 --> 02:16:08,710
That was the last straw
for Robert's enemies.
2536
02:16:08,794 --> 02:16:10,796
So he had to lose
his security clearance.
2537
02:16:10,879 --> 02:16:13,465
And with it, his credibility.
2538
02:16:13,549 --> 02:16:15,884
But how could they do it?
2539
02:16:15,968 --> 02:16:17,177
He was a war hero.
2540
02:16:17,261 --> 02:16:18,971
He'd already told everyone
about his past.
2541
02:16:19,054 --> 02:16:21,265
Borden dredged it all up.
2542
02:16:21,348 --> 02:16:24,393
How could Borden get access
to Oppenheimer's FBI file?
2543
02:16:24,476 --> 02:16:26,019
Could it have been Nichols?
2544
02:16:26,103 --> 02:16:28,313
No, I can't imagine
he'd do that.
2545
02:16:28,397 --> 02:16:30,399
But whoever did
unleashed a firestorm
2546
02:16:30,482 --> 02:16:32,442
that burned a path
from the White House
2547
02:16:32,526 --> 02:16:34,987
back to my desk at the AEC.
2548
02:16:35,070 --> 02:16:37,072
You see them in there, right?
2549
02:16:37,155 --> 02:16:40,909
I've been working
my whole life to get here.
2550
02:16:40,993 --> 02:16:42,995
Cabinet of
the United States of America.
2551
02:16:43,078 --> 02:16:44,955
Now, in front
of the entire country,
2552
02:16:45,038 --> 02:16:46,790
they're gonna put me
back in my place.
2553
02:16:48,542 --> 02:16:51,044
A lowly shoe salesman.
2554
02:16:51,128 --> 02:16:53,088
Lewis, we can win this thing.
2555
02:16:53,172 --> 02:16:55,215
I-I think we can
get the Senate to grasp
2556
02:16:55,299 --> 02:16:57,968
that you did your duty,
painful though it was.
2557
02:16:58,051 --> 02:16:59,595
Now, will Hill's testimony
back us up?
2558
02:16:59,678 --> 02:17:01,597
-Hill will be fine.
-I don't really know him,
2559
02:17:01,680 --> 02:17:03,932
but, uh, he was one
of Szilard's boys in Chicago,
2560
02:17:04,016 --> 02:17:06,101
and they never forgave Robert
for not supporting
2561
02:17:06,185 --> 02:17:08,520
their petition
against bombing Japan.
2562
02:17:08,604 --> 02:17:13,567
This was taken 31 days
after the bombing.
2563
02:17:13,650 --> 02:17:16,486
Virtually everyone
in the street,
2564
02:17:16,570 --> 02:17:18,614
for nearly a mile around,
2565
02:17:18,697 --> 02:17:21,742
was instantly
and seriously burned.
2566
02:17:23,243 --> 02:17:27,581
The, uh, Japanese spoke of
people who wore striped clothing
2567
02:17:27,664 --> 02:17:30,375
upon whom the skin
was burned in stripes.
2568
02:17:31,627 --> 02:17:34,296
There were many
who thought themselves lucky,
2569
02:17:34,379 --> 02:17:36,840
who climbed out of the ruins
of their homes
2570
02:17:36,924 --> 02:17:38,425
only slightly injured.
2571
02:17:39,927 --> 02:17:41,303
But they died anyway.
2572
02:17:42,429 --> 02:17:45,557
They died days or weeks later
2573
02:17:45,641 --> 02:17:48,810
from the radium-like rays
emitted in great numbers
2574
02:17:48,894 --> 02:17:50,395
at the moment of the explosion.
2575
02:17:52,022 --> 02:17:54,107
Did you read this crap
in the papers?
2576
02:17:54,191 --> 02:17:56,860
A British physicist is saying
the atomic bombings
2577
02:17:56,944 --> 02:17:59,196
were not the last act
of World War II
2578
02:17:59,279 --> 02:18:02,157
but the first act
of this cold war with Russia.
2579
02:18:02,241 --> 02:18:03,659
Which physicist?
2580
02:18:03,742 --> 02:18:05,077
I think you knew him.
2581
02:18:05,160 --> 02:18:06,453
Patrick Blackett.
2582
02:18:09,289 --> 02:18:10,791
He may not be wrong.
2583
02:18:10,874 --> 02:18:12,334
Stimson is now telling me
2584
02:18:12,417 --> 02:18:15,587
we bombed an enemy
that was essentially defeated.
2585
02:18:15,671 --> 02:18:18,924
Robert,
you've all the influence now.
2586
02:18:19,007 --> 02:18:20,759
Please.
2587
02:18:20,843 --> 02:18:22,928
Urge them to continue
my research on the Super.
2588
02:18:23,011 --> 02:18:24,304
I neither can nor will, Edward.
2589
02:18:24,388 --> 02:18:26,557
Why not?
2590
02:18:26,640 --> 02:18:28,100
It's not the right use
of our resources.
2591
02:18:28,183 --> 02:18:30,269
Is that what you really believe?
2592
02:18:30,352 --> 02:18:32,604
J. Robert Oppenheimer.
2593
02:18:32,688 --> 02:18:35,023
Sphinx-like guru of the atom.
2594
02:18:36,525 --> 02:18:38,151
Nobody knows what you believe.
2595
02:18:39,319 --> 02:18:41,405
Do you? Hmm?
2596
02:18:41,488 --> 02:18:43,991
One final time,
our program director,
2597
02:18:44,074 --> 02:18:45,742
Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
2598
02:18:47,369 --> 02:18:48,912
I hope that in years to come
2599
02:18:48,996 --> 02:18:52,958
you will look back
on your work here with pride.
2600
02:18:53,041 --> 02:18:55,335
But today, that pride
must be tempered
2601
02:18:55,419 --> 02:18:57,337
with a profound concern.
2602
02:18:59,047 --> 02:19:00,674
If atomic weapons
are to be added
2603
02:19:00,757 --> 02:19:03,385
to the arsenals
of a warring world,
2604
02:19:03,468 --> 02:19:06,763
then the day will come
when people will curse
2605
02:19:06,847 --> 02:19:08,182
the name of Los Alamos.
2606
02:19:12,227 --> 02:19:14,313
Uh, sorry, Admiral.
2607
02:19:14,396 --> 02:19:16,398
Stopped off to get this.
2608
02:19:16,481 --> 02:19:19,151
It seems pretty favorable.
2609
02:19:19,234 --> 02:19:20,402
There's Oppenheimer.
2610
02:19:20,485 --> 02:19:21,695
What's the caption?
2611
02:19:21,778 --> 02:19:24,781
Uh, "J. Robert Oppenheimer,
Strauss fought..."
2612
02:19:26,450 --> 02:19:27,701
"...and the US won."
2613
02:19:28,744 --> 02:19:29,870
That'll work.
2614
02:19:29,953 --> 02:19:32,331
Those were your words
from the other day.
2615
02:19:32,414 --> 02:19:33,665
We needed to pivot.
2616
02:19:33,749 --> 02:19:35,167
But how would you know
2617
02:19:35,250 --> 02:19:36,877
what Time magazine's
gonna write?
2618
02:19:36,960 --> 02:19:39,046
Henry Luce is a friend.
2619
02:19:45,594 --> 02:19:48,722
You sat here and let me
tell you how it's done,
2620
02:19:48,805 --> 02:19:51,600
but you've been
far ahead all along.
2621
02:19:51,683 --> 02:19:54,603
Survival in Washington
2622
02:19:54,686 --> 02:19:56,605
is about knowing
how to get things done.
2623
02:19:57,606 --> 02:19:58,649
Right.
2624
02:20:00,651 --> 02:20:02,486
What was it you said
about Borden?
2625
02:20:02,569 --> 02:20:05,322
"Why get caught
holding the knife yourself?"
2626
02:20:06,949 --> 02:20:09,952
I'm beginning to think Borden
was holding the knife for you.
2627
02:20:12,412 --> 02:20:14,498
It's gonna come down
to how much influence
2628
02:20:14,581 --> 02:20:16,667
Borden's been able
to exert on Teller.
2629
02:20:17,835 --> 02:20:19,086
Did I say something funny?
2630
02:20:19,169 --> 02:20:20,379
Just "Borden, Borden, Borden"
2631
02:20:20,462 --> 02:20:24,383
when we all know
that it's Strauss.
2632
02:20:24,466 --> 02:20:26,385
Lewis brought me
to Princeton, Kitty.
2633
02:20:26,468 --> 02:20:28,971
And then you humiliated him
in front of Congress.
2634
02:20:29,054 --> 02:20:31,807
But more useful than a sandwich.
2635
02:20:35,018 --> 02:20:36,019
-How'd I do?
-I'll call recess,
2636
02:20:36,103 --> 02:20:37,187
ten minutes.
2637
02:20:37,271 --> 02:20:39,606
Maybe a little too well, Robert.
2638
02:20:39,690 --> 02:20:40,691
That was six years ago.
2639
02:20:40,774 --> 02:20:42,693
You know, the truly vindictive,
2640
02:20:42,776 --> 02:20:44,319
patient as saints.
2641
02:20:44,403 --> 02:20:47,114
Strauss has been perfectly
clear that he is neutral.
2642
02:20:48,073 --> 02:20:50,617
Wake up. It is Strauss.
2643
02:20:50,701 --> 02:20:53,620
It's always been Strauss,
and you know it.
2644
02:20:53,704 --> 02:20:55,080
Why won't you fight him?
2645
02:20:56,206 --> 02:20:57,499
Christ's sake.
2646
02:20:58,625 --> 02:21:01,378
It wasn't Nichols or Hoover
2647
02:21:01,461 --> 02:21:02,921
or one of Truman's guys.
It was you.
2648
02:21:03,005 --> 02:21:04,882
You gave the file to Borden.
2649
02:21:04,965 --> 02:21:06,633
You set him on Oppenheimer.
2650
02:21:06,717 --> 02:21:09,094
-You convinced him to...
-Borden...
2651
02:21:09,178 --> 02:21:10,971
didn't take any convincing.
2652
02:21:11,054 --> 02:21:13,182
Take your time,
use the entire file.
2653
02:21:13,265 --> 02:21:16,101
Write up your conclusion,
send them to the FBI.
2654
02:21:16,185 --> 02:21:18,312
The material
is obviously extensive,
2655
02:21:18,395 --> 02:21:21,023
but there's nothing new here.
2656
02:21:21,106 --> 02:21:22,691
Your conclusions will be.
2657
02:21:22,774 --> 02:21:24,902
And they'll have to be answered.
2658
02:21:24,985 --> 02:21:26,653
Hoover passes them to McCarthy?
2659
02:21:26,737 --> 02:21:30,115
Oppenheimer's too slippery
for that self-promoting clown.
2660
02:21:30,199 --> 02:21:32,951
I've talked it over with Hoover,
he'll hold McCarthy at bay
2661
02:21:33,035 --> 02:21:34,745
while you do this with the AEC.
2662
02:21:34,828 --> 02:21:36,705
-A trial.
-No.
2663
02:21:36,788 --> 02:21:40,209
No trial. You can't
give Oppenheimer a platform.
2664
02:21:40,292 --> 02:21:42,169
You can't martyr him.
2665
02:21:42,252 --> 02:21:45,422
We need a systematic destruction
of Oppenheimer's credibility
2666
02:21:45,506 --> 02:21:48,842
so he can never again speak
on matters of national security.
2667
02:21:48,926 --> 02:21:50,677
Then what?
2668
02:21:52,304 --> 02:21:55,641
A shabby little room,
far from the limelight.
2669
02:22:01,980 --> 02:22:03,440
A simple bureaucratic procedure.
2670
02:22:03,524 --> 02:22:05,859
His Q clearance
is up for renewal.
2671
02:22:05,943 --> 02:22:08,612
You send your accusations
to the FBI.
2672
02:22:10,864 --> 02:22:13,992
Hoover sends them to the AEC,
you're forced to act.
2673
02:22:14,993 --> 02:22:16,245
You write up an indictment
2674
02:22:16,328 --> 02:22:17,663
and tell Oppenheimer
2675
02:22:17,746 --> 02:22:20,832
his security clearance
is not being renewed.
2676
02:22:20,916 --> 02:22:22,334
But offer him
the chance to appeal.
2677
02:22:22,417 --> 02:22:24,711
As you can see, Robert,
it's not yet signed.
2678
02:22:24,795 --> 02:22:25,963
May I keep this?
2679
02:22:26,046 --> 02:22:27,130
No.
2680
02:22:27,214 --> 02:22:29,299
If you do decide to appeal,
2681
02:22:29,383 --> 02:22:30,926
they'll have to send you a copy.
2682
02:22:31,009 --> 02:22:34,346
When he appeals--
and trust me, he will--
2683
02:22:34,429 --> 02:22:36,723
I appoint a board.
2684
02:22:36,807 --> 02:22:39,226
They will, of course,
have counsel.
2685
02:22:39,309 --> 02:22:41,186
-Prosecutor?
-In all but name.
2686
02:22:41,270 --> 02:22:43,272
-Who?
-Roger Robb.
2687
02:22:43,355 --> 02:22:44,439
Ouch.
2688
02:22:44,523 --> 02:22:46,066
Robb will have
security clearance
2689
02:22:46,149 --> 02:22:47,651
to examine Oppenheimer's file.
2690
02:22:47,734 --> 02:22:49,069
As will the Gray board.
2691
02:22:49,152 --> 02:22:50,445
Defense counsel will not.
2692
02:22:52,239 --> 02:22:53,574
A closed hearing.
2693
02:22:53,657 --> 02:22:54,950
The so-called
derogatory information
2694
02:22:55,033 --> 02:22:57,244
in your indictment of me.
2695
02:22:57,327 --> 02:22:59,830
No audience. No reporters.
2696
02:22:59,913 --> 02:23:03,000
-No burden of proof.
-No burden of proof?
2697
02:23:04,585 --> 02:23:05,794
We're not convicting.
2698
02:23:06,962 --> 02:23:09,256
We're just denying.
2699
02:23:14,261 --> 02:23:17,097
What is it you said?
2700
02:23:17,181 --> 02:23:20,434
"This is just how
the game is played."
2701
02:23:20,517 --> 02:23:23,478
Well, forgive my naivete.
2702
02:23:23,562 --> 02:23:25,397
Amateurs seek the sun.
2703
02:23:26,440 --> 02:23:27,482
Get eaten.
2704
02:23:28,609 --> 02:23:31,612
Power stays in the shadows.
2705
02:23:31,695 --> 02:23:35,199
But, sir, you're...
you're out of the shadows now.
2706
02:23:35,282 --> 02:23:36,700
Yeah, that's why
this has to work.
2707
02:23:36,783 --> 02:23:37,868
Well...
2708
02:23:39,661 --> 02:23:41,538
Teller's testifying
this morning.
2709
02:23:41,622 --> 02:23:43,916
That'll help. And then...
2710
02:23:43,999 --> 02:23:45,375
Hill is in the afternoon.
2711
02:23:45,459 --> 02:23:47,586
Hill is gonna help us too.
2712
02:23:50,297 --> 02:23:53,300
As you can see, Robert,
it's not yet signed.
2713
02:23:53,383 --> 02:23:54,384
May I keep this?
2714
02:23:54,468 --> 02:23:55,469
No.
2715
02:23:57,638 --> 02:23:59,681
If you do decide to appeal,
2716
02:23:59,765 --> 02:24:02,434
then they'll have
to send you a copy.
2717
02:24:06,063 --> 02:24:08,190
Take my car and driver.
I insist.
2718
02:24:13,111 --> 02:24:14,947
I'll have to consult
my lawyers, Lewis.
2719
02:24:15,030 --> 02:24:17,866
Of course.
But don't take too long.
2720
02:24:17,950 --> 02:24:19,660
I can't keep Nichols at bay.
2721
02:24:26,166 --> 02:24:28,377
I'm sorry
it's come to this, Robert.
2722
02:24:28,460 --> 02:24:29,503
I think it's wrong.
2723
02:24:42,933 --> 02:24:44,309
Nichols wants me to fight
2724
02:24:44,393 --> 02:24:46,395
so he can get it
all on the record.
2725
02:24:46,478 --> 02:24:48,230
Strauss wants me to walk away.
2726
02:24:48,313 --> 02:24:50,983
Strauss knows
that you can't do that,
2727
02:24:51,066 --> 02:24:53,485
you'd be accepting the charges.
2728
02:24:53,569 --> 02:24:55,279
You'll lose your job.
2729
02:24:55,362 --> 02:24:57,489
You will lose your reputation.
We'll lose our house.
2730
02:24:57,573 --> 02:25:00,033
Robert, we have to fight.
2731
02:25:03,036 --> 02:25:05,122
As AEC Counsel,
I can't represent you.
2732
02:25:05,205 --> 02:25:06,748
I'll call Lloyd Garrison.
2733
02:25:06,832 --> 02:25:08,292
Oh, he's good.
2734
02:25:08,375 --> 02:25:11,712
The best,
but I have to warn you...
2735
02:25:12,796 --> 02:25:15,215
...this won't be a fair fight.
2736
02:25:15,299 --> 02:25:18,051
During your interview
with Boris Pash in 1943,
2737
02:25:18,135 --> 02:25:19,720
did you refer to microfilm?
2738
02:25:19,803 --> 02:25:21,180
-No.
-Tab 11,
2739
02:25:21,263 --> 02:25:22,973
page one, paragraph three.
You never said,
2740
02:25:23,056 --> 02:25:26,476
"Man at the consulate expert
in the use of microfilm"?
2741
02:25:26,560 --> 02:25:27,603
-I'm sorry, I'm sorry.
-No.
2742
02:25:27,686 --> 02:25:28,687
I would like to know
what document
2743
02:25:28,770 --> 02:25:29,855
Mr. Robb is quoting from
2744
02:25:29,938 --> 02:25:31,356
and if we might be
furnished with a copy.
2745
02:25:31,440 --> 02:25:33,775
The document is classified,
Mr. Garrison.
2746
02:25:33,859 --> 02:25:35,360
I think we should get back
to first-hand information.
2747
02:25:35,444 --> 02:25:36,987
This is first-hand.
2748
02:25:37,070 --> 02:25:38,822
How so, Roger?
2749
02:25:40,741 --> 02:25:42,159
There was a recording
of the interview.
2750
02:25:46,413 --> 02:25:48,165
You let my client sit here
2751
02:25:48,248 --> 02:25:49,833
and potentially perjure himself,
2752
02:25:49,917 --> 02:25:52,377
and all this time,
you had a recording?
2753
02:25:52,461 --> 02:25:53,754
Nobody told your client
2754
02:25:53,837 --> 02:25:55,088
to misrepresent
his former answers.
2755
02:25:55,172 --> 02:25:57,299
Misrepre...
It-it was 12 years ago.
2756
02:25:57,382 --> 02:25:58,634
Can we hear this recording?
2757
02:25:58,717 --> 02:26:00,135
You don't have the clearance,
Mr. Garrison.
2758
02:26:00,219 --> 02:26:01,929
But you're reading it
into the record.
2759
02:26:02,012 --> 02:26:03,430
Please, please.
2760
02:26:03,514 --> 02:26:07,142
Is this proceeding interested
in entrapment or in truth?
2761
02:26:07,226 --> 02:26:09,645
If it's truth,
where's the disclosure?
2762
02:26:09,728 --> 02:26:11,063
Where's the witness list?
2763
02:26:11,146 --> 02:26:13,941
Mr. Garrison, this isn't
a trial, as you are well aware.
2764
02:26:14,024 --> 02:26:15,859
Evidentiary rules do not apply.
2765
02:26:15,943 --> 02:26:17,694
We are dealing
with national security.
2766
02:26:17,778 --> 02:26:19,196
Yes, sir, with all due respect,
2767
02:26:19,279 --> 02:26:21,782
I fail to see how
national security
2768
02:26:21,865 --> 02:26:23,408
prevents the prosecution
from providing us
2769
02:26:23,492 --> 02:26:25,452
-with a list of witnesses.
-Perhaps we are in need
2770
02:26:25,536 --> 02:26:26,745
-of a brief recess.
-Gentlemen,
2771
02:26:26,828 --> 02:26:28,622
you have my words.
2772
02:26:28,705 --> 02:26:30,916
If you say they're from a
transcript, then I'll accept it.
2773
02:26:30,999 --> 02:26:33,585
I've already explained
I made up a cock-and-bull story.
2774
02:26:33,669 --> 02:26:36,880
But why would anyone
make up such an elaborate story?
2775
02:26:36,964 --> 02:26:39,049
Because I was an idiot.
2776
02:26:39,132 --> 02:26:40,759
Why lie?
2777
02:26:40,843 --> 02:26:43,136
Well, clearly with
the intention of not revealing
2778
02:26:43,220 --> 02:26:45,347
who the intermediary was.
2779
02:26:45,430 --> 02:26:47,391
Your friend, Haakon Chevalier,
the Communist.
2780
02:26:47,474 --> 02:26:49,643
Is he still your friend?
2781
02:26:49,726 --> 02:26:50,769
Yes.
2782
02:26:53,272 --> 02:26:56,149
Dr. Rabi, thank you for coming.
2783
02:26:56,233 --> 02:26:58,026
Do you know who else
the prosecution has called?
2784
02:26:58,110 --> 02:27:00,028
Teller, obviously.
2785
02:27:01,280 --> 02:27:02,364
They've asked Lawrence.
2786
02:27:02,447 --> 02:27:03,657
What did he say?
2787
02:27:03,740 --> 02:27:06,118
He wasn't going
to help them, but...
2788
02:27:06,201 --> 02:27:07,327
But?
2789
02:27:07,411 --> 02:27:09,329
Strauss told him that
you and Ruth Tolman
2790
02:27:09,413 --> 02:27:11,832
have been having
an affair for years.
2791
02:27:11,915 --> 02:27:12,916
The whole time you lived
2792
02:27:13,000 --> 02:27:14,543
with them in Pasadena.
2793
02:27:14,626 --> 02:27:16,336
He convinced Lawrence
2794
02:27:16,420 --> 02:27:17,963
that Richard died
of a broken heart.
2795
02:27:18,046 --> 02:27:18,964
That's absurd.
2796
02:27:19,047 --> 02:27:21,884
-What part?
-The broken heart.
2797
02:27:21,967 --> 02:27:23,927
Richard never found out.
2798
02:27:24,011 --> 02:27:25,637
Is Lawrence gonna testify?
2799
02:27:25,721 --> 02:27:26,889
I don't know.
2800
02:27:27,764 --> 02:27:29,308
Dr. Rabi,
2801
02:27:29,391 --> 02:27:32,561
what governmental positions
do you currently hold?
2802
02:27:32,644 --> 02:27:35,480
I am the chairman of the
General Advisory Committee
2803
02:27:35,564 --> 02:27:38,400
to the AEC,
succeeding Dr. Oppenheimer.
2804
02:27:38,483 --> 02:27:41,195
And how long have you known
Dr. Oppenheimer?
2805
02:27:41,278 --> 02:27:42,905
Since 1928.
2806
02:27:42,988 --> 02:27:45,073
I... I know him quite well.
2807
02:27:45,157 --> 02:27:47,075
Well enough
to speak to the bearing
2808
02:27:47,159 --> 02:27:49,703
of his loyalty and character?
2809
02:27:49,786 --> 02:27:53,790
Dr. Oppenheimer is a man
of upstanding character.
2810
02:27:53,874 --> 02:27:56,251
And he is loyal
to the United States,
2811
02:27:56,335 --> 02:27:57,628
to his friends,
2812
02:27:57,711 --> 02:27:59,963
to the institutions
of which he is part.
2813
02:28:01,757 --> 02:28:02,758
Eat.
2814
02:28:22,027 --> 02:28:23,570
What was that?
2815
02:28:23,654 --> 02:28:25,364
Nothing to worry about.
2816
02:28:28,033 --> 02:28:29,451
After the Russian A-bomb test,
2817
02:28:29,535 --> 02:28:32,162
did Dr. Lawrence come to see you
about the hydrogen bomb?
2818
02:28:32,246 --> 02:28:33,830
You'd be better off asking him.
2819
02:28:33,914 --> 02:28:35,457
Well, I fully intend to.
2820
02:28:35,541 --> 02:28:38,126
Would you say
that Dr. Oppenheimer was
2821
02:28:38,210 --> 02:28:40,212
unalterably opposed
to the H-bomb?
2822
02:28:40,295 --> 02:28:43,173
No, he-he thought that
a fusion program
2823
02:28:43,257 --> 02:28:46,134
would come at the expense of our
awfully good fission program.
2824
02:28:46,218 --> 02:28:47,886
But that proved
not to be the case.
2825
02:28:47,970 --> 02:28:50,639
In the event both could be done.
2826
02:28:50,722 --> 02:28:52,933
Suppose that this board
did not feel satisfied
2827
02:28:53,016 --> 02:28:54,184
that in his testimony here,
2828
02:28:54,268 --> 02:28:56,395
Dr. Oppenheimer had been
wholly truthful.
2829
02:28:56,478 --> 02:28:59,731
What would you say whether
or not he should be cleared?
2830
02:28:59,815 --> 02:29:01,608
Why go through
all this against a man
2831
02:29:01,692 --> 02:29:03,694
who has accomplished
what Dr. Oppenheimer has?
2832
02:29:03,777 --> 02:29:05,487
Look at his record.
2833
02:29:05,571 --> 02:29:07,614
We have an A-bomb
and a whole series of it.
2834
02:29:07,698 --> 02:29:09,533
We have a whole series
of Super bombs.
2835
02:29:09,616 --> 02:29:11,368
What more do you want?
2836
02:29:11,451 --> 02:29:12,619
Mermaids?
2837
02:29:12,703 --> 02:29:14,663
But I've known Secretary Strauss
2838
02:29:14,746 --> 02:29:16,290
for many years,
2839
02:29:16,373 --> 02:29:19,877
and I feel it a necessity
to express the warm support
2840
02:29:19,960 --> 02:29:22,337
for science and scientists
Lewis has shown.
2841
02:29:22,421 --> 02:29:23,839
We'll break now,
2842
02:29:23,922 --> 02:29:25,507
unless there's
any immediate business.
2843
02:29:25,591 --> 02:29:28,177
Senator, I'd like
to once again request
2844
02:29:28,260 --> 02:29:30,971
that we're furnished
with a list of witnesses.
2845
02:29:31,054 --> 02:29:33,682
And I will remind the nominee
that we don't always
2846
02:29:33,765 --> 02:29:35,726
have that information
in advance.
2847
02:29:35,809 --> 02:29:39,229
We do know that Dr. Hill
will be here after lunch.
2848
02:29:39,313 --> 02:29:40,647
Mr. Chairman,
our next scheduled witness,
2849
02:29:40,731 --> 02:29:44,943
Dr. Lawrence, has apparently
come down with colitis.
2850
02:29:47,029 --> 02:29:49,531
So we'll proceed with
William Borden instead.
2851
02:29:51,033 --> 02:29:52,326
Mr. Borden, welcome.
2852
02:29:52,409 --> 02:29:53,827
Please take a seat.
2853
02:29:55,120 --> 02:29:57,414
Mr. Borden,
2854
02:29:57,497 --> 02:30:00,125
during your investigation
into Dr. Oppenheimer,
2855
02:30:00,209 --> 02:30:01,835
did you reach
certain conclusions?
2856
02:30:01,919 --> 02:30:04,129
-I did.
-And did there come a time
2857
02:30:04,213 --> 02:30:05,589
when you expressed
those conclusions
2858
02:30:05,672 --> 02:30:07,633
in a letter
to Mr. J. Edgar Hoover
2859
02:30:07,716 --> 02:30:09,593
of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation?
2860
02:30:09,676 --> 02:30:11,011
-That is correct.
-Prior to the writing
2861
02:30:11,094 --> 02:30:12,888
of the letter, did you discuss
the writing of the letter
2862
02:30:12,971 --> 02:30:15,224
with anybody attached to
the Atomic Energy Commission?
2863
02:30:15,307 --> 02:30:16,642
I did not.
2864
02:30:16,725 --> 02:30:18,143
Thanks, and do you have
a copy of the letter?
2865
02:30:18,227 --> 02:30:19,478
I have one in front of me.
2866
02:30:19,561 --> 02:30:21,897
Would you please be so kind
as to read it, sir?
2867
02:30:21,980 --> 02:30:23,482
"Dear Mr. Hoover,
2868
02:30:23,565 --> 02:30:25,108
the purpose of this letter
is to state..."
2869
02:30:25,192 --> 02:30:27,069
Uh, I'm sorry, I'm sorry,
if I could have a...
2870
02:30:27,152 --> 02:30:29,321
What is the purpose
of the delay?
2871
02:30:29,404 --> 02:30:30,906
He's simply gonna
read the letter.
2872
02:30:30,989 --> 02:30:32,407
Mr. Chairman,
2873
02:30:32,491 --> 02:30:34,493
this is the first
I've seen of this letter,
2874
02:30:34,576 --> 02:30:35,994
and I see statements here, uh,
2875
02:30:36,078 --> 02:30:37,996
at least one,
of a kind that I don't think
2876
02:30:38,080 --> 02:30:39,957
anyone would like to see
go into the record.
2877
02:30:40,040 --> 02:30:42,709
These are accusations that have
not previously been made.
2878
02:30:42,793 --> 02:30:44,628
That are not part of
the indictment from Nichols.
2879
02:30:44,711 --> 02:30:46,922
Accusations of a kind that
I don't think belong here.
2880
02:30:47,005 --> 02:30:49,216
The witness wrote this letter
on his own initiative,
2881
02:30:49,299 --> 02:30:51,593
laying out evidence that has
already been before the board.
2882
02:30:51,677 --> 02:30:53,345
His conclusions
are valid testimony,
2883
02:30:53,428 --> 02:30:55,222
just like the...
the positive conclusions
2884
02:30:55,305 --> 02:30:56,431
of friends of Dr. Oppenheimer.
2885
02:30:56,515 --> 02:30:58,308
It cuts both ways.
2886
02:30:58,392 --> 02:31:00,519
How long has Counsel been
in possession of this letter?
2887
02:31:00,602 --> 02:31:02,145
I don't think
I should be subject
2888
02:31:02,229 --> 02:31:04,523
to cross-examination by you,
Mr. Garrison.
2889
02:31:04,606 --> 02:31:06,275
Mr. Garrison,
given that we on the board
2890
02:31:06,358 --> 02:31:07,693
have all read the letter,
2891
02:31:07,776 --> 02:31:10,112
wouldn't it be better
to have it in the record?
2892
02:31:10,195 --> 02:31:11,655
Let's proceed.
2893
02:31:13,657 --> 02:31:15,284
"Dear Mr. Hoover,
2894
02:31:15,367 --> 02:31:18,495
"the purpose of this letter
is to state my opinion
2895
02:31:18,579 --> 02:31:20,038
"based upon years of study
2896
02:31:20,122 --> 02:31:22,749
"of the available
classified evidence,
2897
02:31:22,833 --> 02:31:24,835
"that more probably than not,
2898
02:31:24,918 --> 02:31:29,673
"J. Robert Oppenheimer is
an agent of the Soviet Union.
2899
02:31:29,756 --> 02:31:32,259
"The following conclusions
are justified.
2900
02:31:32,342 --> 02:31:36,805
"One, between 1929 and 1942,
more probably than not,
2901
02:31:36,889 --> 02:31:38,056
"J. Robert Oppenheimer
2902
02:31:38,140 --> 02:31:40,475
"was a sufficiently
hardened Communist,
2903
02:31:40,559 --> 02:31:42,728
"that he volunteered
information to the Soviets.
2904
02:31:42,811 --> 02:31:45,314
"Two, more probably than not,
2905
02:31:45,397 --> 02:31:49,693
"he has since been functioning
as an espionage agent.
2906
02:31:49,776 --> 02:31:52,446
"Three, more probably than not,
2907
02:31:52,529 --> 02:31:54,907
"he has since acted
under a Soviet directive
2908
02:31:54,990 --> 02:31:57,534
in influencing United States
military policy..."
2909
02:31:57,618 --> 02:31:58,702
I'm sorry, Robert.
2910
02:31:58,785 --> 02:31:59,995
"...atomic energy, intelligence
2911
02:32:00,078 --> 02:32:01,622
-and diplomatic policy."
-Is anyone
2912
02:32:01,705 --> 02:32:03,373
ever going to tell the truth
2913
02:32:03,457 --> 02:32:05,042
about what's happening here?
2914
02:32:05,125 --> 02:32:08,712
We will now hear
from Dr. David Hill.
2915
02:32:17,804 --> 02:32:19,306
Dr. Hill,
2916
02:32:19,389 --> 02:32:21,725
would you care
to make a statement?
2917
02:32:23,018 --> 02:32:24,353
Thank you.
2918
02:32:24,436 --> 02:32:28,440
I've been asked to testify
about Lewis Strauss.
2919
02:32:28,524 --> 02:32:30,776
A man who has
given years of service
2920
02:32:30,859 --> 02:32:33,779
in high positions of government
2921
02:32:33,862 --> 02:32:38,450
and who is known to be earnest,
hardworking and intelligent.
2922
02:32:39,785 --> 02:32:41,453
The views I have to express
are my own,
2923
02:32:41,537 --> 02:32:45,123
but I believe that much I have
to say will help to indicate
2924
02:32:45,207 --> 02:32:48,710
why most of the scientists
in this country
2925
02:32:48,794 --> 02:32:51,755
would prefer to see Mr. Strauss
2926
02:32:51,839 --> 02:32:53,590
completely out of government.
2927
02:32:55,592 --> 02:32:58,095
You're... You're referring
to the hostility
2928
02:32:58,178 --> 02:32:59,638
of certain scientists
2929
02:32:59,721 --> 02:33:01,390
directed toward Mr. Strauss
2930
02:33:01,473 --> 02:33:03,517
because of his commitment
to security
2931
02:33:03,600 --> 02:33:06,270
as demonstrated
in the Oppenheimer affair?
2932
02:33:09,022 --> 02:33:10,357
No.
2933
02:33:10,440 --> 02:33:12,818
Because of the personal
vindictiveness
2934
02:33:12,901 --> 02:33:15,070
he demonstrated against
Dr. Oppenheimer.
2935
02:33:16,780 --> 02:33:19,992
Order. Order!
2936
02:33:20,075 --> 02:33:25,289
It appears to most
scientists around this country
2937
02:33:25,372 --> 02:33:26,790
that Robert Oppenheimer
is now being
2938
02:33:26,874 --> 02:33:29,251
pilloried and put through
an ordeal
2939
02:33:29,334 --> 02:33:32,296
because he expressed
his honest opinions.
2940
02:33:33,338 --> 02:33:35,340
Dr. Bush, I thought
I was performing a service
2941
02:33:35,424 --> 02:33:37,217
to my country
when hearing this case.
2942
02:33:37,301 --> 02:33:41,221
No board in this country
should sit in judgment of a man
2943
02:33:41,305 --> 02:33:43,974
because he expressed
strong opinions.
2944
02:33:44,057 --> 02:33:47,144
If you want to try that case,
you should try me.
2945
02:33:47,227 --> 02:33:50,939
Excuse me, gentlemen,
if I become stirred,
2946
02:33:51,023 --> 02:33:52,316
but I am.
2947
02:33:52,399 --> 02:33:54,276
Dr. Hill, we've already heard
2948
02:33:54,359 --> 02:33:56,737
that Mr. Strauss
did not bring the charges
2949
02:33:56,820 --> 02:33:59,823
or participate in the hearings
against Dr. Oppenheimer.
2950
02:33:59,907 --> 02:34:02,451
The Oppenheimer matter was
2951
02:34:02,534 --> 02:34:04,745
initiated and carried through
2952
02:34:04,828 --> 02:34:07,164
largely through the animus
of Lewis Strauss.
2953
02:34:08,707 --> 02:34:11,543
Oppenheimer made mincemeat
out of Strauss's position
2954
02:34:11,627 --> 02:34:13,170
on the shipment
of isotopes to Norway,
2955
02:34:13,253 --> 02:34:17,257
and Strauss never forgave him
this public humiliation.
2956
02:34:17,341 --> 02:34:19,635
Another controversy between them
centered around
2957
02:34:19,718 --> 02:34:22,679
their differences in judgment
on how the H-bomb
2958
02:34:22,763 --> 02:34:24,848
would contribute
to national security.
2959
02:34:24,932 --> 02:34:26,850
Strauss turned to
the personnel security system
2960
02:34:26,934 --> 02:34:31,271
in order to destroy
Oppenheimer's effectiveness,
2961
02:34:31,355 --> 02:34:33,607
and Strauss was able to find
a few ambitious men
2962
02:34:33,690 --> 02:34:36,652
who also disagreed
with Oppenheimer's positions
2963
02:34:36,735 --> 02:34:39,821
and envied him his prestige
in government circles.
2964
02:34:39,905 --> 02:34:42,574
I've always assumed,
and still assume,
2965
02:34:42,658 --> 02:34:44,618
that he's loyal
to the United States.
2966
02:34:44,701 --> 02:34:46,328
I believe this.
And I shall believe it
2967
02:34:46,411 --> 02:34:48,705
until I see very conclusive
proof to the opposite.
2968
02:34:48,789 --> 02:34:50,707
Do you or do you not believe
2969
02:34:50,791 --> 02:34:52,960
that Dr. Oppenheimer
is a security risk?
2970
02:34:56,880 --> 02:34:58,090
In a great number of cases,
2971
02:34:58,173 --> 02:35:00,259
I have seen Dr. Oppenheimer
act in a way
2972
02:35:00,342 --> 02:35:04,096
which was to me
exceedingly hard to understand.
2973
02:35:04,179 --> 02:35:06,181
I thoroughly disagreed
with him in numerous issues,
2974
02:35:06,265 --> 02:35:08,100
and his actions frankly
appeared to me
2975
02:35:08,183 --> 02:35:09,685
confused and complicated.
2976
02:35:09,768 --> 02:35:11,478
To this extent, I feel,
2977
02:35:11,562 --> 02:35:14,565
I want to see the vital
interest of this country
2978
02:35:14,648 --> 02:35:16,358
in hands which
I understand better
2979
02:35:16,441 --> 02:35:18,610
and therefore trust more.
2980
02:35:18,694 --> 02:35:21,238
-Thank you, Doctor.
-Thank you.
2981
02:35:24,908 --> 02:35:26,076
I'm sorry.
2982
02:35:28,829 --> 02:35:31,081
You shook his fucking hand?
2983
02:35:31,164 --> 02:35:33,959
Oh, I would have
spit in his face.
2984
02:35:34,042 --> 02:35:35,627
Not sure the board
would have appreciated that.
2985
02:35:35,711 --> 02:35:37,254
Is it not
gentlemanly enough for you?
2986
02:35:37,337 --> 02:35:40,591
Well, I-I think you're all being
too goddamn gentlemanly.
2987
02:35:40,674 --> 02:35:42,593
Gray must see
what Robb is doing.
2988
02:35:42,676 --> 02:35:44,511
Why doesn't he just
shut him down?
2989
02:35:44,595 --> 02:35:47,181
And you shaking Teller's hand.
2990
02:35:47,264 --> 02:35:49,725
You need to stop
playing the martyr.
2991
02:35:51,101 --> 02:35:53,437
Under the current
AEC guidelines,
2992
02:35:53,520 --> 02:35:55,814
would you clear
Dr. Oppenheimer today?
2993
02:36:02,070 --> 02:36:04,406
Under my interpretation
2994
02:36:04,489 --> 02:36:06,617
of the Atomic Energy Act,
2995
02:36:06,700 --> 02:36:08,452
which did not exist
2996
02:36:08,535 --> 02:36:11,205
when I hired
Dr. Oppenheimer in 1942...
2997
02:36:12,623 --> 02:36:15,918
I would not clear him today,
2998
02:36:16,001 --> 02:36:17,920
uh, if I were on the commission.
2999
02:36:18,003 --> 02:36:19,588
Good. Thank you, General.
That is all.
3000
02:36:19,671 --> 02:36:21,632
But I don't think I'd clear
any of those guys.
3001
02:36:21,715 --> 02:36:23,383
That's all.
3002
02:36:26,470 --> 02:36:28,388
Dr. Oppenheimer
had no responsibility
3003
02:36:28,472 --> 02:36:29,932
in the selection
or the clearance
3004
02:36:30,015 --> 02:36:31,183
of Klaus Fuchs, did he?
3005
02:36:31,266 --> 02:36:32,518
No. None at all.
3006
02:36:32,601 --> 02:36:34,186
And you wouldn't want
to leave this board
3007
02:36:34,269 --> 02:36:37,022
with any suggestion today
that you're here questioning
3008
02:36:37,105 --> 02:36:39,149
his basic loyalty
to the United States
3009
02:36:39,233 --> 02:36:40,567
in the operation of Los Alamos?
3010
02:36:40,651 --> 02:36:41,902
By no means.
3011
02:36:41,985 --> 02:36:44,029
I hope I didn't lead anyone
to believe otherwise
3012
02:36:44,112 --> 02:36:45,697
for an instant.
3013
02:36:45,781 --> 02:36:46,949
Thank you, General.
3014
02:37:05,050 --> 02:37:07,135
Okay. We shouldn't
keep them waiting.
3015
02:37:07,219 --> 02:37:08,637
She'll be here.
3016
02:37:08,720 --> 02:37:10,013
Do you even want her here?
3017
02:37:10,097 --> 02:37:12,599
Only a fool or an adolescent
3018
02:37:12,683 --> 02:37:14,560
presumes to know
someone else's relationship,
3019
02:37:14,643 --> 02:37:16,812
and you're neither, Lloyd.
3020
02:37:18,397 --> 02:37:20,315
Kitty and I,
3021
02:37:20,399 --> 02:37:22,568
we're grown-ups.
3022
02:37:22,651 --> 02:37:25,279
We've walked
through fire together.
3023
02:37:25,362 --> 02:37:27,948
She'll do fine.
3024
02:37:28,031 --> 02:37:30,033
Would you describe
your views on Communism
3025
02:37:30,117 --> 02:37:32,202
as pro, anti, neutral?
3026
02:37:32,286 --> 02:37:34,037
Very strongly against.
3027
02:37:34,121 --> 02:37:36,039
I-I've had nothing to do
with Communism in... since...
3028
02:37:36,123 --> 02:37:39,126
since 1936, since...
3029
02:37:39,209 --> 02:37:41,628
since before I met Robert.
3030
02:37:42,671 --> 02:37:44,381
That's all.
3031
02:37:44,464 --> 02:37:46,008
The record demonstrates
3032
02:37:46,091 --> 02:37:47,759
that Oppenheimer
was not interrogated
3033
02:37:47,843 --> 02:37:50,846
by impartial and disinterested
counsel for the Gray board.
3034
02:37:50,929 --> 02:37:52,264
He was interrogated
by a prosecutor
3035
02:37:52,347 --> 02:37:54,099
who used all the tricks
3036
02:37:54,183 --> 02:37:55,809
of a rather ingenious
legal background.
3037
02:37:55,893 --> 02:37:57,477
You are charging now
3038
02:37:57,561 --> 02:38:00,230
that the Gray board
permitted a prosecution.
3039
02:38:00,314 --> 02:38:03,108
If I were on the Gray board,
3040
02:38:03,192 --> 02:38:05,152
I would have protested
against the tactics
3041
02:38:05,235 --> 02:38:08,030
of the man who served, in fact,
as the prosecuting counsel.
3042
02:38:08,113 --> 02:38:11,158
A man appointed not by the board
3043
02:38:11,241 --> 02:38:13,368
but by Lewis Strauss.
3044
02:38:15,287 --> 02:38:16,288
Who was this?
3045
02:38:17,873 --> 02:38:19,541
I'm sorry?
3046
02:38:19,625 --> 02:38:20,709
Who was this?
3047
02:38:20,792 --> 02:38:22,127
Uh, Roger Robb.
3048
02:38:22,211 --> 02:38:24,421
Mrs. Oppenheimer.
3049
02:38:28,800 --> 02:38:30,844
Did you have a Communist Party
membership card?
3050
02:38:32,638 --> 02:38:34,765
I'm... I'm not sure.
3051
02:38:34,848 --> 02:38:35,974
Not sure?
3052
02:38:38,936 --> 02:38:39,937
Well...
3053
02:38:42,606 --> 02:38:44,107
Well?
3054
02:38:53,367 --> 02:38:56,286
I mean, presumably,
the act of joining the Party
3055
02:38:56,370 --> 02:38:59,665
required sending some money
and receiving a card, no?
3056
02:39:03,001 --> 02:39:04,169
Yeah.
3057
02:39:09,800 --> 02:39:10,801
Sorry.
3058
02:39:11,844 --> 02:39:13,136
Yes. Mm.
3059
02:39:15,222 --> 02:39:17,224
It's just it was all
so very long ago,
3060
02:39:17,307 --> 02:39:18,976
-Mr. Robb, wasn't it?
-Not really.
3061
02:39:19,059 --> 02:39:20,269
Long enough to have forgotten.
3062
02:39:20,352 --> 02:39:21,728
Did you return the card
or rip it up?
3063
02:39:21,812 --> 02:39:23,480
The card whose existence
I've forgotten?
3064
02:39:23,564 --> 02:39:25,232
Your Communist Party
membership card.
3065
02:39:25,315 --> 02:39:26,567
Haven't the slightest idea.
3066
02:39:29,361 --> 02:39:31,905
Can a distinction
be made between
3067
02:39:31,989 --> 02:39:33,782
Soviet Communism and Communism?
3068
02:39:33,866 --> 02:39:35,450
Well, in the days
when I was a member,
3069
02:39:35,534 --> 02:39:36,910
I thought they were
definitely two things.
3070
02:39:36,994 --> 02:39:38,120
-Oh?
-I thought that
3071
02:39:38,203 --> 02:39:40,205
the Communist Party
of the United States
3072
02:39:40,289 --> 02:39:42,666
was concerned with
our domestic problems.
3073
02:39:42,749 --> 02:39:43,876
I now no longer believe this.
3074
02:39:43,959 --> 02:39:45,210
Believe the whole thing's
linked together
3075
02:39:45,294 --> 02:39:46,461
and spread all over the world,
3076
02:39:46,545 --> 02:39:48,839
and I have believed this
since I left the Party
3077
02:39:48,922 --> 02:39:50,299
16 years ago.
3078
02:39:50,382 --> 02:39:51,508
-But...
-Seventeen years ago.
3079
02:39:51,592 --> 02:39:52,885
My mistake.
3080
02:39:52,968 --> 02:39:55,721
-But you said...
-Sorry, 18.
3081
02:39:55,804 --> 02:39:57,639
Eighteen years ago.
3082
02:39:58,849 --> 02:39:59,933
Are you familiar with the fact
3083
02:40:00,017 --> 02:40:01,226
your husband was
making contributions
3084
02:40:01,310 --> 02:40:04,479
to the Spanish Civil War
as late as 1942?
3085
02:40:04,563 --> 02:40:06,356
I knew that Robert gave money
from time to time.
3086
02:40:06,440 --> 02:40:07,524
Did you know
this money was going
3087
02:40:07,608 --> 02:40:08,901
into Communist Party channels?
3088
02:40:08,984 --> 02:40:10,444
Don't you mean "through"?
3089
02:40:10,527 --> 02:40:12,362
-Pardon?
-I think you mean
3090
02:40:12,446 --> 02:40:14,114
"through Communist Party
channels," don't you?
3091
02:40:14,198 --> 02:40:15,282
-Y-Yes!
-Yes?
3092
02:40:15,365 --> 02:40:17,409
-Yes!
-Yes.
3093
02:40:17,492 --> 02:40:20,996
Then would it be fair to say
that this meant that by 1942,
3094
02:40:21,079 --> 02:40:22,247
your husband had not stopped
3095
02:40:22,331 --> 02:40:24,458
having anything to do
with the Communist Party?
3096
02:40:24,541 --> 02:40:26,210
You don't have
to answer that yes or no.
3097
02:40:26,293 --> 02:40:27,544
You can answer that
any way you wish.
3098
02:40:27,628 --> 02:40:29,379
I know that, thank you.
3099
02:40:29,463 --> 02:40:31,298
It's your question.
3100
02:40:31,381 --> 02:40:33,175
-It's not properly phrased.
-Do you understand
3101
02:40:33,258 --> 02:40:34,468
-what I'm getting at?
-I do.
3102
02:40:34,551 --> 02:40:35,761
Then why don't you
answer it that way?
3103
02:40:35,844 --> 02:40:37,471
'Cause I don't like your phrase.
3104
02:40:37,554 --> 02:40:39,431
"Having anything to do
with the Communist Party."
3105
02:40:39,515 --> 02:40:41,141
Because Robert never
had anything to do
3106
02:40:41,225 --> 02:40:42,726
with the Communist Party
as such.
3107
02:40:42,809 --> 02:40:45,187
I know he gave money
to Spanish refugees.
3108
02:40:45,270 --> 02:40:47,147
I know he took
an intellectual interest
3109
02:40:47,231 --> 02:40:48,315
in Communist ideas...
3110
02:40:48,398 --> 02:40:49,399
Are there two types
of Communists?
3111
02:40:49,483 --> 02:40:51,276
Intellectual Communists
3112
02:40:51,360 --> 02:40:52,986
and your plain old
regular Commie?
3113
02:40:54,279 --> 02:40:55,906
Well, I couldn't
answer that one.
3114
02:40:56,949 --> 02:40:58,534
I couldn't either.
3115
02:41:04,831 --> 02:41:06,667
Evening.
3116
02:41:06,750 --> 02:41:08,085
Robert,
you can't win this thing.
3117
02:41:08,168 --> 02:41:10,337
It's a kangaroo court
with a predetermined outcome.
3118
02:41:10,420 --> 02:41:11,964
Why put yourself
through more of it?
3119
02:41:13,006 --> 02:41:15,008
I have my reasons.
3120
02:41:16,051 --> 02:41:17,135
All right.
3121
02:41:17,219 --> 02:41:18,345
Good night.
3122
02:41:23,141 --> 02:41:24,518
He has a point.
3123
02:41:25,727 --> 02:41:27,479
I'm not sure
you understand, Albert.
3124
02:41:27,563 --> 02:41:28,689
No?
3125
02:41:28,772 --> 02:41:31,942
I left my country
never to return.
3126
02:41:32,985 --> 02:41:34,945
You served your country well.
3127
02:41:35,028 --> 02:41:38,657
If this is the reward
she offers you, then...
3128
02:41:38,740 --> 02:41:42,160
perhaps you should
turn your back on her.
3129
02:41:42,244 --> 02:41:44,913
Damn it, I happen
to love this country.
3130
02:41:44,997 --> 02:41:47,374
Then tell them to go to hell.
3131
02:41:47,457 --> 02:41:48,750
Interestingly enough,
3132
02:41:48,834 --> 02:41:51,420
this is no longer
a confirmation hearing,
3133
02:41:51,503 --> 02:41:53,714
it's now a trial...
3134
02:41:53,797 --> 02:41:55,340
about a trial!
3135
02:41:56,633 --> 02:41:57,801
It's not good
he's telling everyone
3136
02:41:57,885 --> 02:41:59,011
you initiated the hearings.
3137
02:41:59,094 --> 02:42:01,680
He can't prove a goddamn thing.
3138
02:42:01,763 --> 02:42:04,224
He certainly can't prove
that I gave the file to Borden.
3139
02:42:04,308 --> 02:42:06,476
We're not in court, sir.
3140
02:42:06,560 --> 02:42:07,853
There's no burden of proof.
3141
02:42:07,936 --> 02:42:10,189
Right. They're not convicting...
3142
02:42:10,272 --> 02:42:11,565
just denying.
3143
02:42:11,648 --> 02:42:14,318
Why would Hill come here
to tear me down?
3144
02:42:14,401 --> 02:42:16,069
What's his angle?
3145
02:42:16,153 --> 02:42:18,280
Do people need a reason
to do the right thing?
3146
02:42:18,363 --> 02:42:20,032
-As he sees it.
-I told you,
3147
02:42:20,115 --> 02:42:22,534
Oppenheimer poisoned
the scientists against me,
3148
02:42:22,618 --> 02:42:24,119
right from that first meeting.
3149
02:42:24,203 --> 02:42:27,789
I don't know what Oppenheimer
said to him that day,
3150
02:42:27,873 --> 02:42:30,209
but Einstein wouldn't
even meet my eye.
3151
02:42:31,668 --> 02:42:34,505
Oppenheimer knows
how to manipulate his own.
3152
02:42:34,588 --> 02:42:35,923
And at Los Alamos,
3153
02:42:36,006 --> 02:42:38,258
he preyed
on the naivete of scientists
3154
02:42:38,342 --> 02:42:40,761
who thought they'd get a say
in how we used their work,
3155
02:42:40,844 --> 02:42:43,555
but don't ever think
he was that naive himself.
3156
02:42:43,639 --> 02:42:45,057
Doctor.
3157
02:42:45,140 --> 02:42:47,059
During your work
on the hydrogen bomb,
3158
02:42:47,142 --> 02:42:50,562
were you deterred
by any moral qualms?
3159
02:42:50,646 --> 02:42:52,064
Yes, of course.
3160
02:42:52,147 --> 02:42:53,857
But you still got on
with your work, didn't you?
3161
02:42:53,941 --> 02:42:55,943
Yes, because this was
work of exploration,
3162
02:42:56,026 --> 02:42:58,111
it was not the preparation
of a weapon.
3163
02:42:58,195 --> 02:43:00,239
You mean it was more of a...
an academic excursion.
3164
02:43:00,322 --> 02:43:02,115
No, it is not an academic thing
3165
02:43:02,199 --> 02:43:03,575
whether you can build
a hydrogen bomb.
3166
02:43:03,659 --> 02:43:05,244
It's a matter of life and death.
3167
02:43:05,327 --> 02:43:06,620
By 1942, you were
actively pushing
3168
02:43:06,703 --> 02:43:08,288
the development of
the hydrogen bomb, weren't you?
3169
02:43:08,372 --> 02:43:09,706
Pushing's not the right word.
3170
02:43:09,790 --> 02:43:11,542
Supporting it
and working on it, yes.
3171
02:43:11,625 --> 02:43:13,919
So when did these moral qualms
become so strong
3172
02:43:14,002 --> 02:43:15,712
that you actively opposed
3173
02:43:15,796 --> 02:43:17,089
the development
of the hydrogen bomb?
3174
02:43:17,172 --> 02:43:19,216
When it was suggested
that it be the policy
3175
02:43:19,299 --> 02:43:21,552
of the United States to make
these things at all cost
3176
02:43:21,635 --> 02:43:23,595
without regard to the balance
between these weapons
3177
02:43:23,679 --> 02:43:26,473
and atomic weapons
as part of our arsenal.
3178
02:43:28,100 --> 02:43:29,977
What do moral qualms
have to do with that?
3179
02:43:30,060 --> 02:43:32,104
Wha... What do moral qualms
3180
02:43:32,187 --> 02:43:33,647
-have to do with it?
-Yes.
3181
02:43:33,730 --> 02:43:35,816
Oppenheimer wanted
to own the atomic bomb.
3182
02:43:35,899 --> 02:43:37,734
He wanted to be the man
who moved the Earth.
3183
02:43:37,818 --> 02:43:40,779
He talks about
putting the nuclear genie
3184
02:43:40,863 --> 02:43:42,197
back in the bottle.
3185
02:43:42,281 --> 02:43:43,365
Well, I'm here to tell you
3186
02:43:43,448 --> 02:43:45,909
that I know
J. Robert Oppenheimer,
3187
02:43:45,993 --> 02:43:50,080
and if he could do it all over,
he'd do it all the same.
3188
02:43:50,163 --> 02:43:52,916
You know he's never once said
that he regrets Hiroshima?
3189
02:43:53,000 --> 02:43:55,794
He'd do it all over. Why?
3190
02:43:55,878 --> 02:43:57,212
Because it made him
3191
02:43:57,296 --> 02:43:59,006
the most important man
who ever lived.
3192
02:43:59,089 --> 02:44:01,258
Well, we've...
3193
02:44:01,341 --> 02:44:03,510
we've freely used
the atomic bomb...
3194
02:44:03,594 --> 02:44:05,637
In fact, Doctor,
you assisted in selecting
3195
02:44:05,721 --> 02:44:07,097
the target to drop
the atomic bomb on Japan,
3196
02:44:07,181 --> 02:44:08,599
-didn't you?
-Yes.
3197
02:44:08,682 --> 02:44:10,392
Well, then you knew,
did you not, that by dropping
3198
02:44:10,475 --> 02:44:12,728
that atomic bomb
on the target you selected,
3199
02:44:12,811 --> 02:44:14,146
that thousands of civilians
would be killed
3200
02:44:14,229 --> 02:44:15,772
or injured, is that correct?
3201
02:44:15,856 --> 02:44:17,941
Yes, not as many
as turned out...
3202
02:44:18,025 --> 02:44:20,027
Oh. Well, how many
were killed or injured?
3203
02:44:20,110 --> 02:44:21,820
-70,000.
-70,000
3204
02:44:21,904 --> 02:44:22,988
at both Hiroshima and...
3205
02:44:23,071 --> 02:44:24,448
110,000 at both.
3206
02:44:24,531 --> 02:44:25,949
On the day of each bombing?
3207
02:44:27,826 --> 02:44:28,827
Yes.
3208
02:44:28,911 --> 02:44:30,412
And in the weeks
and years that followed?
3209
02:44:30,495 --> 02:44:33,290
It has been put at somewhere
between 50 and 100,000.
3210
02:44:33,373 --> 02:44:35,501
-220,000 dead at least?
-Yes.
3211
02:44:35,584 --> 02:44:37,127
Any moral scruples about that?
3212
02:44:38,754 --> 02:44:39,880
Terrible ones.
3213
02:44:39,963 --> 02:44:41,256
But yet you testified in here
3214
02:44:41,340 --> 02:44:43,884
that the bombing of Hiroshima
was very successful.
3215
02:44:43,967 --> 02:44:45,552
-Technically successful.
-Oh!
3216
02:44:45,636 --> 02:44:47,012
Technically, it was
very successful.
3217
02:44:47,095 --> 02:44:49,014
And it is also alleged
to have helped end the war.
3218
02:44:49,097 --> 02:44:50,766
Would you have been
in support of the dropping
3219
02:44:50,849 --> 02:44:52,643
of a hydrogen bomb on Hiroshima?
3220
02:44:52,726 --> 02:44:54,269
That would make no sense at all.
3221
02:44:54,353 --> 02:44:57,022
-Why?
-The-the target is too small.
3222
02:44:57,105 --> 02:44:59,274
Well, supposing there had been
a target in Japan
3223
02:44:59,358 --> 02:45:01,068
big enough for
a thermonuclear weapon,
3224
02:45:01,151 --> 02:45:02,611
would you have been opposed
to the dropping of it?
3225
02:45:02,694 --> 02:45:04,488
This was not a problem
with which I was confronted...
3226
02:45:04,571 --> 02:45:06,031
Well, I'm confronting you
with it now, sir.
3227
02:45:06,114 --> 02:45:07,699
It was all part of his plan.
3228
02:45:07,783 --> 02:45:09,326
He wanted the glorious,
3229
02:45:09,409 --> 02:45:11,578
insincere guilt
of the self-important
3230
02:45:11,662 --> 02:45:13,205
to wear like a fuckin' crown.
3231
02:45:13,288 --> 02:45:16,625
Say, "No, we cannot
go down this road,"
3232
02:45:16,708 --> 02:45:19,336
even as he knew we'd have to.
3233
02:45:19,419 --> 02:45:20,963
Would you have been opposed
to the dropping
3234
02:45:21,046 --> 02:45:22,506
of a thermonuclear weapon
on Japan
3235
02:45:22,589 --> 02:45:24,967
-because of moral scruples?
-Yes, I believe I would, sir.
3236
02:45:25,050 --> 02:45:26,468
Well, did you oppose
the dropping
3237
02:45:26,552 --> 02:45:28,846
of an atomic bomb on Hiroshima
because of moral scruples?
3238
02:45:28,929 --> 02:45:30,305
We set forth our arguments...
3239
02:45:30,389 --> 02:45:31,682
No, you, you, you.
I'm asking you.
3240
02:45:31,765 --> 02:45:33,475
-I set... I set forth...
-Not we. You, you, you!
3241
02:45:33,559 --> 02:45:35,227
...our arguments
against dropping it,
3242
02:45:35,310 --> 02:45:36,812
but I did not endorse them.
3243
02:45:36,895 --> 02:45:38,397
You mean after
working night and day
3244
02:45:38,480 --> 02:45:40,023
for three years
building the bomb,
3245
02:45:40,107 --> 02:45:41,817
you then argued against
the use of it?
3246
02:45:41,900 --> 02:45:44,403
I was asked
by the Secretary of War
3247
02:45:44,486 --> 02:45:45,863
what the views
of scientists were.
3248
02:45:45,946 --> 02:45:48,657
I gave him the views against
and the views for.
3249
02:45:48,740 --> 02:45:50,659
You supported the dropping
of the atom bomb on Japan.
3250
02:45:50,742 --> 02:45:51,952
-What do you mean "support"?
-Didn't you?
3251
02:45:52,035 --> 02:45:53,161
-You supported it!
-What do you mean "support"?
3252
02:45:53,245 --> 02:45:54,997
Well, you helped
pick the target, didn't you?
3253
02:45:55,080 --> 02:45:56,415
I did my job.
3254
02:45:56,498 --> 02:45:58,375
I was not in a policy-making
position at Los Alamos.
3255
02:45:58,458 --> 02:46:00,210
I would have done anything
I was asked to do.
3256
02:46:00,294 --> 02:46:02,337
Well, then you would have
built the H-bomb too,
3257
02:46:02,421 --> 02:46:03,630
-wouldn't you?
-I couldn't.
3258
02:46:03,714 --> 02:46:05,465
I didn't ask you that, Doctor!
3259
02:46:05,549 --> 02:46:07,801
And the GAC report
which you co-authored
3260
02:46:07,885 --> 02:46:09,928
after the Soviet
atomic test said
3261
02:46:10,012 --> 02:46:12,472
a Super bomb
should never be built!
3262
02:46:12,556 --> 02:46:14,016
What we meant,
what I meant was...
3263
02:46:14,099 --> 02:46:15,976
-What you, who? Who?
-What I meant...
3264
02:46:17,853 --> 02:46:19,062
And wouldn't the Russians
do anything
3265
02:46:19,146 --> 02:46:21,398
to increase their strength?
3266
02:46:21,481 --> 02:46:23,400
If we did it,
they would have to do it.
3267
02:46:23,483 --> 02:46:25,485
Our efforts would only
fuel their efforts,
3268
02:46:25,569 --> 02:46:27,696
just as it had
with the atomic bomb.
3269
02:46:27,779 --> 02:46:31,158
"Just as it had with
the atomic bomb," exactly!
3270
02:46:31,241 --> 02:46:35,746
No moral scruples in 1945,
plenty in 1949.
3271
02:46:40,042 --> 02:46:41,710
Dr. Oppenheimer...
3272
02:46:43,504 --> 02:46:46,173
...when did your strong
moral convictions develop
3273
02:46:46,256 --> 02:46:48,884
with respect
to the hydrogen bomb?
3274
02:46:55,974 --> 02:46:59,019
When it became clear to me
3275
02:46:59,102 --> 02:47:02,272
that we would tend to use
any weapon we had.
3276
02:47:05,275 --> 02:47:07,486
J. Robert Oppenheimer,
the martyr.
3277
02:47:07,569 --> 02:47:10,113
I gave him exactly
what he wanted.
3278
02:47:10,197 --> 02:47:12,366
To be remembered for Trinity,
3279
02:47:12,449 --> 02:47:15,077
not Hiroshima,
3280
02:47:15,160 --> 02:47:17,246
not Nagasaki.
3281
02:47:20,123 --> 02:47:22,668
He should be thanking me.
3282
02:47:22,751 --> 02:47:25,587
Well, he's not.
3283
02:47:27,589 --> 02:47:29,258
Do we still have enough votes,
3284
02:47:29,341 --> 02:47:31,051
or is the crowning moment
of my career
3285
02:47:31,134 --> 02:47:35,097
about to become the most public
humiliation of my life?
3286
02:47:35,180 --> 02:47:37,641
Full Senate's about to vote.
3287
02:47:37,724 --> 02:47:38,809
You'll scrape through.
3288
02:47:38,892 --> 02:47:40,477
Great, then gather
the fucking press.
3289
02:47:40,561 --> 02:47:42,479
Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
3290
02:47:42,563 --> 02:47:45,482
This board, having heard
testimony from you
3291
02:47:45,566 --> 02:47:48,777
and many of your current
and former colleagues,
3292
02:47:48,861 --> 02:47:50,821
has come to
the unanimous conclusion
3293
02:47:50,904 --> 02:47:53,740
that you are a loyal citizen.
3294
02:47:55,242 --> 02:47:56,952
However,
3295
02:47:57,035 --> 02:48:00,414
in the light of
your continuing associations
3296
02:48:00,497 --> 02:48:01,707
and disregard
3297
02:48:01,790 --> 02:48:04,126
for the security apparatus
of this country,
3298
02:48:04,209 --> 02:48:07,462
together with your
somewhat disturbing conduct
3299
02:48:07,546 --> 02:48:10,090
on the hydrogen bomb program
3300
02:48:10,174 --> 02:48:11,508
and the regrettable
lack of candor
3301
02:48:11,592 --> 02:48:13,969
in certain of your responses
to this board,
3302
02:48:14,052 --> 02:48:17,181
we have voted two to one
3303
02:48:17,264 --> 02:48:20,350
to deny the renewal
of your security clearance.
3304
02:48:20,434 --> 02:48:23,353
A full written opinion,
with a dissent from Mr. Evans,
3305
02:48:23,437 --> 02:48:26,607
will be issued to the AEC
in the coming days.
3306
02:48:26,690 --> 02:48:28,066
That is all.
3307
02:48:32,321 --> 02:48:33,572
-Gordon...
-Roger.
3308
02:48:38,619 --> 02:48:40,162
Robert.
3309
02:48:41,205 --> 02:48:42,414
Robert.
3310
02:48:45,250 --> 02:48:46,376
Don't...
3311
02:48:49,296 --> 02:48:51,048
Don't take in the sheets.
3312
02:48:53,634 --> 02:48:55,010
Get a picture with him.
3313
02:48:55,093 --> 02:48:56,428
Sir, sir.
3314
02:48:56,512 --> 02:48:58,889
Two minutes. Two minutes.
3315
02:48:58,972 --> 02:48:59,973
-You'll get your shot.
-Please, sir.
3316
02:49:00,057 --> 02:49:01,308
We've been waiting for so long.
3317
02:49:01,391 --> 02:49:02,392
-Evening, sir.
-Come out.
3318
02:49:02,476 --> 02:49:03,810
Sir, sir!
3319
02:49:03,894 --> 02:49:05,062
Is it official?
3320
02:49:07,314 --> 02:49:08,524
Well, there were,
3321
02:49:08,607 --> 02:49:11,777
uh, a couple
of unexpected holdouts.
3322
02:49:16,281 --> 02:49:19,034
I'm denied. Yeah?
3323
02:49:19,117 --> 02:49:20,702
-I'm afraid so, sir.
-All right.
3324
02:49:28,544 --> 02:49:29,628
Who were the holdouts?
3325
02:49:29,711 --> 02:49:32,589
Um, there were three,
3326
02:49:32,673 --> 02:49:35,509
led by the junior senator
from Massachusetts.
3327
02:49:35,592 --> 02:49:37,219
Young guy trying
to make a name for himself,
3328
02:49:37,302 --> 02:49:39,596
didn't like what you did
to Oppenheimer.
3329
02:49:39,680 --> 02:49:40,639
What's his name?
3330
02:49:40,722 --> 02:49:42,933
Uh, Kennedy.
3331
02:49:43,016 --> 02:49:44,685
John F. Kennedy.
3332
02:49:48,480 --> 02:49:49,481
Kitty?
3333
02:49:55,904 --> 02:49:59,283
Did you think that if you
let them tar and feather you,
3334
02:49:59,366 --> 02:50:01,618
that the world
would forgive you?
3335
02:50:05,455 --> 02:50:06,540
It won't.
3336
02:50:09,209 --> 02:50:10,210
We'll see.
3337
02:50:20,470 --> 02:50:22,514
Goddamn it.
3338
02:50:23,974 --> 02:50:26,852
You told me I'd be okay.
3339
02:50:26,935 --> 02:50:29,229
Yeah, well, I didn't have
all the facts, did I?
3340
02:50:29,313 --> 02:50:30,564
Here's a fact.
3341
02:50:30,647 --> 02:50:32,649
President Eisenhower pinned
the Medal of Freedom
3342
02:50:32,733 --> 02:50:34,109
on my chest last year
3343
02:50:34,193 --> 02:50:36,653
'cause I've always done
what's right for this country.
3344
02:50:36,737 --> 02:50:39,239
They don't want me
in the Cabinet room?
3345
02:50:39,323 --> 02:50:41,617
Well, that's... that's fine.
3346
02:50:41,700 --> 02:50:43,952
Maybe they should just
invite Oppenheimer instead.
3347
02:50:44,036 --> 02:50:45,037
Maybe they will.
3348
02:50:46,079 --> 02:50:47,206
I told you,
3349
02:50:47,289 --> 02:50:50,167
he turned the scientists
against me one by one,
3350
02:50:50,250 --> 02:50:52,211
starting with Einstein.
I told you about, uh, Einstein.
3351
02:50:52,294 --> 02:50:53,670
I saw him by the pond.
3352
02:50:53,754 --> 02:50:55,297
You did, but you know, sir,
3353
02:50:55,380 --> 02:50:57,341
since nobody really knows
3354
02:50:57,424 --> 02:50:59,051
what they said
to each other that day,
3355
02:50:59,134 --> 02:51:03,180
is it possible they didn't
talk about you at all?
3356
02:51:03,263 --> 02:51:06,183
Is it possible they spoke
about something, uh,
3357
02:51:06,266 --> 02:51:07,601
more important?
3358
02:51:07,684 --> 02:51:09,102
Mr. Strauss!
3359
02:51:12,606 --> 02:51:14,608
Over here! Mr. Strauss!
3360
02:51:17,861 --> 02:51:21,365
Oh.
3361
02:51:22,616 --> 02:51:23,700
Thank you.
3362
02:51:23,784 --> 02:51:26,286
Albert.
3363
02:51:26,370 --> 02:51:28,330
Ah.
3364
02:51:28,413 --> 02:51:30,541
The man of the moment.
3365
02:51:34,002 --> 02:51:37,297
You once held
a-a reception for me.
3366
02:51:37,381 --> 02:51:39,049
In Berkeley.
You gave me an award.
3367
02:51:39,132 --> 02:51:40,884
-Hmm?
-Yes.
3368
02:51:41,927 --> 02:51:44,388
You all thought that
I had lost the ability
3369
02:51:44,471 --> 02:51:47,307
to understand what I'd started.
3370
02:51:47,391 --> 02:51:50,769
So the award
really wasn't for me,
3371
02:51:50,853 --> 02:51:53,146
it was for all of you, hmm?
3372
02:51:54,940 --> 02:51:57,234
Now it's your turn
3373
02:51:57,317 --> 02:52:01,530
to deal with the consequences
of your achievement.
3374
02:52:02,739 --> 02:52:04,199
And one day,
3375
02:52:04,283 --> 02:52:06,368
when they've
punished you enough...
3376
02:52:08,328 --> 02:52:11,832
...they'll serve you
salmon and potato salad.
3377
02:52:15,752 --> 02:52:17,462
Make speeches...
3378
02:52:18,881 --> 02:52:20,382
...give you a medal.
3379
02:52:21,925 --> 02:52:24,136
Hello, Frank.
3380
02:52:24,219 --> 02:52:25,596
You're happy, I'm happy.
3381
02:52:32,811 --> 02:52:35,439
Pat you on the back,
tell you all is forgiven.
3382
02:52:37,357 --> 02:52:39,318
Just remember...
3383
02:52:40,360 --> 02:52:42,112
...it won't be for you.
3384
02:52:46,617 --> 02:52:47,951
It'll be for them.
3385
02:53:02,257 --> 02:53:03,467
Albert.
3386
02:53:05,177 --> 02:53:08,639
When I came to you
with those calculations,
3387
02:53:08,722 --> 02:53:10,724
we thought we might
start a chain reaction
3388
02:53:10,807 --> 02:53:14,269
that would destroy
the entire world.
3389
02:53:14,353 --> 02:53:17,731
Mm, I remember it well.
3390
02:53:17,814 --> 02:53:19,608
What of it?
3391
02:53:22,611 --> 02:53:24,279
I believe we did.
245359