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When you do decide to buy something,
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you start the procurement process.
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There are three types of procurement documents
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you might use during planning.
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The simplest kind of procurement uses
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a Request for Quote, or RFQ.
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You prepare an RFQ when you need something straightforward.
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Chairs, computers, service rates, et cetera.
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You provide a specification,
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a list of features the product or service must meet,
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and request a price from several vendors.
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Then usually you choose
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the least expensive option that meets the specs.
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If what you need is complicated,
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and still not well defined
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you can send out a Request for Information, or RFI.
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As the name implies, an RFI is used when you are looking
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for industry input on what is currently available.
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You describe the need and requirements
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as best as you currently understand them,
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then industry provides information
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on how their company can help
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in the hope that their input will be included
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in the requirements for any future procurement.
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And then you have the full-up Request For Proposal, or RFP.
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An RFP is used when you need something
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that doesn't yet exist and will need to be developed.
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And so, requires companies to send you
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a project plan as their proposal.
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The RFP includes a full set of requirements
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for whatever you need.
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It often also includes a Statement of Work, or SOW,
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describing how you will work together,
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identifying mutual points of contact, required reviews,
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mandatory processes, and related information.
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And for competitive bids, the RFP should also include
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an evaluation approach for how the contract will be awarded.
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For example, least cost or best value,
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which we'll cover in a couple sections from now.
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