All language subtitles for Jimmy Page Full Address and Q A at The Oxford Union.en

well good evening and I can't begin to

well good evening and I can't begin to
really tell you what a thrill this is to

really tell you what a thrill this is to

really tell you what a thrill this is to
be here this evening

be here this evening

be here this evening
because I actually was here before when

because I actually was here before when

because I actually was here before when
I was 16 years old and there was a poet

I was 16 years old and there was a poet

I was 16 years old and there was a poet
called Royston Ellis who actually was

called Royston Ellis who actually was

called Royston Ellis who actually was
hanging out with the Beatles at some

hanging out with the Beatles at some

hanging out with the Beatles at some
point and actually as he was a sort of

point and actually as he was a sort of

point and actually as he was a sort of
beat poet or two to some description he

beat poet or two to some description he

beat poet or two to some description he
was a big poet from over here and he

was a big poet from over here and he

was a big poet from over here and he
encouraged the Beatles to change their

encouraged the Beatles to change their

encouraged the Beatles to change their
they with silver beetles at one time

they with silver beetles at one time

they with silver beetles at one time
with two E's and he said why don't you

with two E's and he said why don't you

with two E's and he said why don't you
make it like the beat poets and well

make it like the beat poets and well

make it like the beat poets and well
basically he was he was a poet and he

basically he was he was a poet and he

basically he was he was a poet and he
came here to give a talk and I was

came here to give a talk and I was

came here to give a talk and I was
accompanying him on guitar for a couple

accompanying him on guitar for a couple

accompanying him on guitar for a couple
of his poems yes so it's very

of his poems yes so it's very

of his poems yes so it's very
interesting that here I am after all of

interesting that here I am after all of

interesting that here I am after all of
these years I should give you some idea

these years I should give you some idea

these years I should give you some idea
of how I became a musician in the 1950s

of how I became a musician in the 1950s

of how I became a musician in the 1950s
I heard the music that was coming from

I heard the music that was coming from

I heard the music that was coming from
America

America

America
which was sort of at that time it was it

which was sort of at that time it was it

which was sort of at that time it was it
was rock and roll and obviously Elvis

was rock and roll and obviously Elvis

was rock and roll and obviously Elvis
Presley having birthed this whole thing

Presley having birthed this whole thing

Presley having birthed this whole thing
for everybody else and and also actually

for everybody else and and also actually

for everybody else and and also actually
coming in under the radar in America I

coming in under the radar in America I

coming in under the radar in America I
would say with Elvis because he was

would say with Elvis because he was

would say with Elvis because he was
singing black music of country blues

singing black music of country blues

singing black music of country blues
artists and I don't think they really

artists and I don't think they really

artists and I don't think they really
knew that that that was the case and

knew that that that was the case and

knew that that that was the case and
certainly with Little Richard and other

certainly with Little Richard and other

certainly with Little Richard and other
black artists that he was covering a

black artists that he was covering a

black artists that he was covering a
number of sort of musicians at that time

number of sort of musicians at that time

number of sort of musicians at that time
were seduced I'd say not just by what

were seduced I'd say not just by what

were seduced I'd say not just by what
was coming through the the airwaves and

was coming through the the airwaves and

was coming through the the airwaves and
what they could play with records but

what they could play with records but

what they could play with records but
with this

with this

with this
well really an iconic figure from over

well really an iconic figure from over

well really an iconic figure from over
here could Lonnie Donegan and he he

here could Lonnie Donegan and he he

here could Lonnie Donegan and he he
again was doing American music he was

again was doing American music he was

again was doing American music he was
doing the music of Lead Belly but doing

doing the music of Lead Belly but doing

doing the music of Lead Belly but doing
what they called skiffle which was

what they called skiffle which was

what they called skiffle which was
playing acoustic guitar and he had like

playing acoustic guitar and he had like

playing acoustic guitar and he had like
a little ensemble of with him electric

a little ensemble of with him electric

a little ensemble of with him electric
guitar and a bass player but suddenly

guitar and a bass player but suddenly

guitar and a bass player but suddenly
this whole possibility okay you could

this whole possibility okay you could

this whole possibility okay you could
hear all this complicated music because

hear all this complicated music because

hear all this complicated music because
of course it was it sounded like it was

of course it was it sounded like it was

of course it was it sounded like it was
coming from Mars or somewhere being

coming from Mars or somewhere being

coming from Mars or somewhere being
beamed in a beacon from Mars but there

beamed in a beacon from Mars but there

beamed in a beacon from Mars but there
was this fellow playing very

was this fellow playing very

was this fellow playing very
passionately these old sort of blues

passionately these old sort of blues

passionately these old sort of blues
songs and boiler belly more kind of

songs and boiler belly more kind of

songs and boiler belly more kind of
country blues songs and you could see a

country blues songs and you could see a

country blues songs and you could see a
portal with this Saku stick guitar and

portal with this Saku stick guitar and

portal with this Saku stick guitar and
all of the guitarists from that sort of

all of the guitarists from that sort of

all of the guitarists from that sort of
period when they were in the Beatles or

period when they were in the Beatles or

period when they were in the Beatles or
whatever band they were everyone who had

whatever band they were everyone who had

whatever band they were everyone who had
the same story about Lonnie Donegan and

the same story about Lonnie Donegan and

the same story about Lonnie Donegan and
I Adam I I'm the same one I came into

I Adam I I'm the same one I came into

I Adam I I'm the same one I came into
the same way with this portal by Lonnie

the same way with this portal by Lonnie

the same way with this portal by Lonnie
Donegan and seeing the acoustic guitar

Donegan and seeing the acoustic guitar

Donegan and seeing the acoustic guitar
and seeing there was a possibility that

and seeing there was a possibility that

and seeing there was a possibility that
it was possible to do this and well I

it was possible to do this and well I

it was possible to do this and well I
did that I started to learn to play and

did that I started to learn to play and

did that I started to learn to play and
I traded up guitars and sort of

I traded up guitars and sort of

I traded up guitars and sort of
eventually got to the electric guitar

eventually got to the electric guitar

eventually got to the electric guitar
I think the electric guitar is something

I think the electric guitar is something

I think the electric guitar is something
which is pretty phenomenal really

which is pretty phenomenal really

which is pretty phenomenal really
because it comes from America it's a six

because it comes from America it's a six

because it comes from America it's a six
string electric instrument so you know

string electric instrument so you know

string electric instrument so you know
it doesn't have any sort of acoustic

it doesn't have any sort of acoustic

it doesn't have any sort of acoustic
resonance to it apart from within itself

resonance to it apart from within itself

resonance to it apart from within itself
and when you think what the electric

and when you think what the electric

and when you think what the electric
electric guitar managed to serve those

electric guitar managed to serve those

electric guitar managed to serve those
people in the sort of 50s certainly in

people in the sort of 50s certainly in

people in the sort of 50s certainly in
the 60s and it started a whole youth

the 60s and it started a whole youth

the 60s and it started a whole youth
revolution and it could even be said

revolution and it could even be said

revolution and it could even be said
them from what I heard about what was

them from what I heard about what was

them from what I heard about what was
going on in Russia that it could even

going on in Russia that it could even

going on in Russia that it could even
have brought down the the wall because

have brought down the the wall because

have brought down the the wall because
the whole politics of the what was going

the whole politics of the what was going

the whole politics of the what was going
on in the West trying to be filtered out

on in the West trying to be filtered out

on in the West trying to be filtered out
in the east and people were buying

in the east and people were buying

in the east and people were buying
records bootleg records well actually

records bootleg records well actually

records bootleg records well actually
not even bootleg

not even bootleg

not even bootleg
but for them it was it was actually a

but for them it was it was actually a

but for them it was it was actually a
penalty of a jail sentence if they got

penalty of a jail sentence if they got

penalty of a jail sentence if they got
caught with the music of the sixties and

caught with the music of the sixties and

caught with the music of the sixties and
I know that the Led Zeppelin played a

I know that the Led Zeppelin played a

I know that the Led Zeppelin played a
big part in all of that and I and I

big part in all of that and I and I

big part in all of that and I and I
found that to be quite quite moving when

found that to be quite quite moving when

found that to be quite quite moving when
I was told that by the mayor of them in

I was told that by the mayor of them in

I was told that by the mayor of them in
in Poland one of the mayor's rock'n'roll

in Poland one of the mayor's rock'n'roll

in Poland one of the mayor's rock'n'roll
mayor he called himself so anyway I was

mayor he called himself so anyway I was

mayor he called himself so anyway I was
here when I was 16 I was also here with

here when I was 16 I was also here with

here when I was 16 I was also here with
a friend of mine Jeff Beck to to to see

a friend of mine Jeff Beck to to to see

a friend of mine Jeff Beck to to to see
The Yardbirds play here in the

The Yardbirds play here in the

The Yardbirds play here in the
university and I just happened to be

university and I just happened to be

university and I just happened to be
there the night that the band imploded

there the night that the band imploded

there the night that the band imploded
and the bass player left I've been a

and the bass player left I've been a

and the bass player left I've been a
studio musician at this point I was a

studio musician at this point I was a

studio musician at this point I was a
studio musician for three years but at

studio musician for three years but at

studio musician for three years but at
that point I came out and I they had

that point I came out and I they had

that point I came out and I they had
they had the Marquee Club to play in

they had the Marquee Club to play in

they had the Marquee Club to play in
London and they didn't have a bass

London and they didn't have a bass

London and they didn't have a bass
player so I said well I tell you what

player so I said well I tell you what

player so I said well I tell you what
I'll just fill in for the night and see

I'll just fill in for the night and see

I'll just fill in for the night and see
how it goes and Jeff and I had spoken

how it goes and Jeff and I had spoken

how it goes and Jeff and I had spoken
prior to that about starting a band

prior to that about starting a band

prior to that about starting a band
anyway well not yeah actually starting

anyway well not yeah actually starting

anyway well not yeah actually starting
about but actually joining in with the

about but actually joining in with the

about but actually joining in with the
are birds and there was the opportunity

are birds and there was the opportunity

are birds and there was the opportunity
so I think with these things in life

so I think with these things in life

so I think with these things in life
these these opportunities come along and

these these opportunities come along and

these these opportunities come along and
you see them you said sometimes you

you see them you said sometimes you

you see them you said sometimes you
think in opportunities there but the

think in opportunities there but the

think in opportunities there but the
timing isn't right you haven't got all

timing isn't right you haven't got all

timing isn't right you haven't got all
the pieces to puzzle together but at

the pieces to puzzle together but at

the pieces to puzzle together but at
that point for me it was because I've

that point for me it was because I've

that point for me it was because I've
done a three-year term if you like is a

done a three-year term if you like is a

done a three-year term if you like is a
studio musician and that was working of

studio musician and that was working of

studio musician and that was working of
five six days a week but it really get

five six days a week but it really get

five six days a week but it really get
became an apprenticeship for me because

became an apprenticeship for me because

became an apprenticeship for me because
I I've said I started to play the guitar

I I've said I started to play the guitar

I I've said I started to play the guitar
from looking at somebody on the

from looking at somebody on the

from looking at somebody on the
television and acetal records but by the

television and acetal records but by the

television and acetal records but by the
time I finished being a studio musician

time I finished being a studio musician

time I finished being a studio musician
I I learnt a lot I made it my business

I I learnt a lot I made it my business

I I learnt a lot I made it my business
to learn how to to read music also how

to learn how to to read music also how

to learn how to to read music also how
to record with the microphone placing

to record with the microphone placing

to record with the microphone placing
the whole science of microphone placing

the whole science of microphone placing

the whole science of microphone placing
and also being a

and also being a

and also being a
a musical arranger and producer so by

a musical arranger and producer so by

a musical arranger and producer so by
the time all of all of that

the time all of all of that

the time all of all of that
apprenticeship had been served and

apprenticeship had been served and

apprenticeship had been served and
suddenly the opportunity came up to join

suddenly the opportunity came up to join

suddenly the opportunity came up to join
The Yardbirds I knew that that was the

The Yardbirds I knew that that was the

The Yardbirds I knew that that was the
time to go because the thing that the

time to go because the thing that the

time to go because the thing that the
thing that happened prior to the two

thing that happened prior to the two

thing that happened prior to the two
going to see the the band play with my

going to see the the band play with my

going to see the the band play with my
friend Jeff because I seen a few other

friend Jeff because I seen a few other

friend Jeff because I seen a few other
concerts as well with them but I'd been

concerts as well with them but I'd been

concerts as well with them but I'd been
I become such a accepted part of the

I become such a accepted part of the

I become such a accepted part of the
musical tradition and one of the

musical tradition and one of the

musical tradition and one of the
backroom boys that I was getting these

backroom boys that I was getting these

backroom boys that I was getting these
big sheets of music well actually when I

big sheets of music well actually when I

big sheets of music well actually when I
first started doing sessions they just

first started doing sessions they just

first started doing sessions they just
said play what you like because I had

said play what you like because I had

said play what you like because I had
the same roots as the sort of bands that

the same roots as the sort of bands that

the same roots as the sort of bands that
were around like the stones and the

were around like the stones and the

were around like the stones and the
Beatles and I could just sort of put in

Beatles and I could just sort of put in

Beatles and I could just sort of put in
riffs and this was great fun

riffs and this was great fun

riffs and this was great fun
but just prior to this sort of hiatus

but just prior to this sort of hiatus

but just prior to this sort of hiatus
with the session world there was these

with the session world there was these

with the session world there was these
huge scores of reading music and

huge scores of reading music and

huge scores of reading music and
basically what it was was what they

basically what it was was what they

basically what it was was what they
called music which is lift shaft music

called music which is lift shaft music

called music which is lift shaft music
um and it was just hell you know I just

um and it was just hell you know I just

um and it was just hell you know I just
yeah all this I had so they had

yeah all this I had so they had

yeah all this I had so they had
introduced the distortion box into the

introduced the distortion box into the

introduced the distortion box into the
world of music and I was playing the

world of music and I was playing the

world of music and I was playing the
guitar with a bow and I had all these

guitar with a bow and I had all these

guitar with a bow and I had all these
ideas that I wanted to do and I'm

ideas that I wanted to do and I'm

ideas that I wanted to do and I'm
playing music now something wrong with

playing music now something wrong with

playing music now something wrong with
that story so and yes so then there was

that story so and yes so then there was

that story so and yes so then there was
the yardbirds and then eventually there

the yardbirds and then eventually there

the yardbirds and then eventually there
was led zeppelin so that once that they

was led zeppelin so that once that they

was led zeppelin so that once that they
they implode in a second time but this

they implode in a second time but this

they implode in a second time but this
time i wanted to start a band and this

time i wanted to start a band and this

time i wanted to start a band and this
is again the opportunity was there you

is again the opportunity was there you

is again the opportunity was there you
either sort of will go down another

either sort of will go down another

either sort of will go down another
route altogether or you follow what you

route altogether or you follow what you

route altogether or you follow what you
believe is your passion and what you

believe is your passion and what you

believe is your passion and what you
managed to understand with the climate

managed to understand with the climate

managed to understand with the climate
of where you were as a musician so i

of where you were as a musician so i

of where you were as a musician so i
could see that there was an underground

could see that there was an underground

could see that there was an underground
network of of dates in america in venues

network of of dates in america in venues

network of of dates in america in venues
in you know the major cities San

in you know the major cities San

in you know the major cities San
Francisco Chicago and Detroit etc they

Francisco Chicago and Detroit etc they

Francisco Chicago and Detroit etc they
there was a form of radio

there was a form of radio

there was a form of radio
was had nothing whatsoever to do with

was had nothing whatsoever to do with

was had nothing whatsoever to do with
pop music really it was it was an

pop music really it was it was an

pop music really it was it was an
underground music these venues that I

underground music these venues that I

underground music these venues that I
was talking about in those cities were

was talking about in those cities were

was talking about in those cities were
underground when he was in in the 60s

underground when he was in in the 60s

underground when he was in in the 60s
and this is the late 60s we're getting

and this is the late 60s we're getting

and this is the late 60s we're getting
on to about sort of 60 68 69 that the

on to about sort of 60 68 69 that the

on to about sort of 60 68 69 that the
people then they really have their music

people then they really have their music

people then they really have their music
in America and that's exactly what they

in America and that's exactly what they

in America and that's exactly what they
they they enjoyed going to concerts and

they they enjoyed going to concerts and

they they enjoyed going to concerts and
they enjoyed if a band splinted are they

they enjoyed if a band splinted are they

they enjoyed if a band splinted are they
would follow the various members to see

would follow the various members to see

would follow the various members to see
what incarnations they would come up

what incarnations they would come up

what incarnations they would come up
with him they were very loyal and true

with him they were very loyal and true

with him they were very loyal and true
so when the yarn was folded I could see

so when the yarn was folded I could see

so when the yarn was folded I could see
that that was the route and I knew that

that that was the route and I knew that

that that was the route and I knew that
the that we'd already played these

the that we'd already played these

the that we'd already played these
underground venues and that the

underground venues and that the

underground venues and that the
underground radio was waiting it just

underground radio was waiting it just

underground radio was waiting it just
needed the product to go on there and

needed the product to go on there and

needed the product to go on there and
whereas the pop music ones the a.m.

whereas the pop music ones the a.m.

whereas the pop music ones the a.m.
would just play single records they were

would just play single records they were

would just play single records they were
going to play on FM whole sides of

going to play on FM whole sides of

going to play on FM whole sides of
albums so that's 20 minutes that had a

albums so that's 20 minutes that had a

albums so that's 20 minutes that had a
shot so I figured that if you if you

shot so I figured that if you if you

shot so I figured that if you if you
were to have quite a variety of music

were to have quite a variety of music

were to have quite a variety of music
one track basically following up

one track basically following up

one track basically following up
the next and you had quite a diversity

the next and you had quite a diversity

the next and you had quite a diversity
within that music that you you would get

within that music that you you would get

within that music that you you would get
people really listening in and and

people really listening in and and

people really listening in and and
buying into the whole idea of what you

buying into the whole idea of what you

buying into the whole idea of what you
were doing if it was quite experimental

were doing if it was quite experimental

were doing if it was quite experimental
so anyway the the legacy that I've had

so anyway the the legacy that I've had

so anyway the the legacy that I've had
over the years is from not not so many

over the years is from not not so many

over the years is from not not so many
people know my earlier work as a studio

people know my earlier work as a studio

people know my earlier work as a studio
musician Oh possibly that much with The

musician Oh possibly that much with The

musician Oh possibly that much with The
Yardbirds but certainly with Led

Yardbirds but certainly with Led

Yardbirds but certainly with Led
Zeppelin with the crafting of Led

Zeppelin with the crafting of Led

Zeppelin with the crafting of Led
Zeppelin and finding these musicians

Zeppelin and finding these musicians

Zeppelin and finding these musicians
whereby Robert Plant was just a local

whereby Robert Plant was just a local

whereby Robert Plant was just a local
singer in in Birmingham John Bonham was

singer in in Birmingham John Bonham was

singer in in Birmingham John Bonham was
a drummer who just about started to move

a drummer who just about started to move

a drummer who just about started to move
out of John Paul Jones art known as as a

out of John Paul Jones art known as as a

out of John Paul Jones art known as as a
musician

musician

musician
in as a studio musician well you know I

in as a studio musician well you know I

in as a studio musician well you know I
we had only we had a we had a sort of

we had only we had a we had a sort of

we had only we had a we had a sort of
rehearsal and the rehearsal was just it

rehearsal and the rehearsal was just it

rehearsal and the rehearsal was just it
changed everybody's life from just the

changed everybody's life from just the

changed everybody's life from just the
first song that we played because the

first song that we played because the

first song that we played because the
intensity of these four master musicians

intensity of these four master musicians

intensity of these four master musicians
coming together was something that none

coming together was something that none

coming together was something that none
of us have ever experienced before and

of us have ever experienced before and

of us have ever experienced before and
from that first rehearsal I managed to

from that first rehearsal I managed to

from that first rehearsal I managed to
sort of basically mentor the the band

sort of basically mentor the the band

sort of basically mentor the the band
because none of the others had been to

because none of the others had been to

because none of the others had been to
America however I had in this this

America however I had in this this

America however I had in this this
underground circuit and the the the I

underground circuit and the the the I

underground circuit and the the the I
was very clear about the music that I

was very clear about the music that I

was very clear about the music that I
wanted to do with Led Zeppelin and and

wanted to do with Led Zeppelin and and

wanted to do with Led Zeppelin and and
and have something a vehicle which if

and have something a vehicle which if

and have something a vehicle which if
the first album was going to take off

the first album was going to take off

the first album was going to take off
and it was actually quite a complex

and it was actually quite a complex

and it was actually quite a complex
arrangement of ideas in there that

arrangement of ideas in there that

arrangement of ideas in there that
haven't been done by other people and

haven't been done by other people and

haven't been done by other people and
the band could just keep growing and

the band could just keep growing and

the band could just keep growing and
growing and and continuing to make very

growing and and continuing to make very

growing and and continuing to make very
unusual music in various fields as well

unusual music in various fields as well

unusual music in various fields as well
of various roots and that's basically

of various roots and that's basically

of various roots and that's basically
what was accomplished and as I say the

what was accomplished and as I say the

what was accomplished and as I say the
lifetime achievement of this is Here I

lifetime achievement of this is Here I

lifetime achievement of this is Here I
am now talking to you guys and there

am now talking to you guys and there

am now talking to you guys and there
have been a number of like re-releases

have been a number of like re-releases

have been a number of like re-releases
of Led Zeppelin from day one there's

of Led Zeppelin from day one there's

of Led Zeppelin from day one there's
been people musicians coming to listen

been people musicians coming to listen

been people musicians coming to listen
to Led Zeppelin and through the decades

to Led Zeppelin and through the decades

to Led Zeppelin and through the decades
and whether it's from the guitar playing

and whether it's from the guitar playing

and whether it's from the guitar playing
the performance aspect of that whether

the performance aspect of that whether

the performance aspect of that whether
it's songwriting or whether it's a

it's songwriting or whether it's a

it's songwriting or whether it's a
production it it's been inspiring to

production it it's been inspiring to

production it it's been inspiring to
young musicians and I feel that that

young musicians and I feel that that

young musicians and I feel that that
that really is my sort of lifetime

that really is my sort of lifetime

that really is my sort of lifetime
achievement to do something which was

achievement to do something which was

achievement to do something which was
initially my hobby turned that into

initially my hobby turned that into

initially my hobby turned that into
something which was a very professional

something which was a very professional

something which was a very professional
process but still but still very

process but still but still very

process but still but still very
creative one or not not closed down and

creative one or not not closed down and

creative one or not not closed down and
just something which is constantly

just something which is constantly

just something which is constantly
reinventing itself and to inspire young

reinventing itself and to inspire young

reinventing itself and to inspire young
musicians is something which is really

musicians is something which is really

musicians is something which is really
wonderful could you pass the baton

wonderful could you pass the baton

wonderful could you pass the baton
thanks very much

thanks very much

thanks very much
[Applause]

great firstly Jimmy thank you so much

great firstly Jimmy thank you so much
for taking the time to join us this

for taking the time to join us this

for taking the time to join us this
evening it's it's such a wonderful

evening it's it's such a wonderful

evening it's it's such a wonderful
privilege to have you here I wanted to

privilege to have you here I wanted to

privilege to have you here I wanted to
start on picking up on a few things that

start on picking up on a few things that

start on picking up on a few things that
you said and you've talked about of your

you said and you've talked about of your

you said and you've talked about of your
early days and how that influenced you

early days and how that influenced you

early days and how that influenced you
creatively one of those amazing facts

creatively one of those amazing facts

creatively one of those amazing facts
about you is the fact that you

about you is the fact that you

about you is the fact that you
predominantly taught yourself guitar and

predominantly taught yourself guitar and

predominantly taught yourself guitar and
I wanted to ask how you think that

I wanted to ask how you think that

I wanted to ask how you think that
influenced the unique sound and style of

influenced the unique sound and style of

influenced the unique sound and style of
your guitar playing and Led Zeppelin in

your guitar playing and Led Zeppelin in

your guitar playing and Led Zeppelin in
the end result

the end result

the end result
okay yes well I was I was self-taught I

was talking about this fellow Lonnie

was talking about this fellow Lonnie
Donegan and seeing him on the television

Donegan and seeing him on the television

Donegan and seeing him on the television
and and my parents had moved house and

and and my parents had moved house and

and and my parents had moved house and
it's some sort of two and a half years

it's some sort of two and a half years

it's some sort of two and a half years
later after this move but what was

later after this move but what was

later after this move but what was
notable about the move was that the

notable about the move was that the

notable about the move was that the
previous owners had left the guitar

previous owners had left the guitar

previous owners had left the guitar
behind and nakusoo guitar like a

behind and nakusoo guitar like a

behind and nakusoo guitar like a
campfire guitar and and this is the

campfire guitar and and this is the

campfire guitar and and this is the
really odd thing there was an

really odd thing there was an

really odd thing there was an
intervention of the guitar and even

intervention of the guitar and even

intervention of the guitar and even
though I didn't know what it was but I

though I didn't know what it was but I

though I didn't know what it was but I
made the connection between having this

made the connection between having this

made the connection between having this
thing which nobody had ever played in

thing which nobody had ever played in

thing which nobody had ever played in
the house because none of my relations

the house because none of my relations

the house because none of my relations
that that I knew outraged music and and

that that I knew outraged music and and

that that I knew outraged music and and
seeing this portal with this guy playing

seeing this portal with this guy playing

seeing this portal with this guy playing
the acoustic guitar once I started

the acoustic guitar once I started

the acoustic guitar once I started
playing I or appreciating the guitar it

playing I or appreciating the guitar it

playing I or appreciating the guitar it
was this whole aspect of six strings and

was this whole aspect of six strings and

was this whole aspect of six strings and
I whether it was acoustic music whether

I whether it was acoustic music whether

I whether it was acoustic music whether
it's classical music whether it was rock

it's classical music whether it was rock

it's classical music whether it was rock
and roll music whether it was blues

and roll music whether it was blues

and roll music whether it was blues
music country blues music I was just had

music country blues music I was just had

music country blues music I was just had
a voracious appetite for all of it and

a voracious appetite for all of it and

a voracious appetite for all of it and
so that that's the six strings but then

so that that's the six strings but then

so that that's the six strings but then
I was also as a teenager this is I was

I was also as a teenager this is I was

I was also as a teenager this is I was
starting to listen as well and to absorb

starting to listen as well and to absorb

starting to listen as well and to absorb
classical music and Indian music and by

classical music and Indian music and by

classical music and Indian music and by
the time I thought of eighteen I just

the time I thought of eighteen I just

the time I thought of eighteen I just
really just it's sort of like a sponge

really just it's sort of like a sponge

really just it's sort of like a sponge
soaking it all in and so with my own

soaking it all in and so with my own

soaking it all in and so with my own
playing I was I was able to to create

playing I was I was able to to create

playing I was I was able to to create
music this as well as a session musician

music this as well as a session musician

music this as well as a session musician
and so much in demand that they would

and so much in demand that they would

and so much in demand that they would
there was this young

there was this young

there was this young
our seven years younger than any of the

our seven years younger than any of the

our seven years younger than any of the
other session musicians when I first

other session musicians when I first

other session musicians when I first
went in there and they would just ask

went in there and they would just ask

went in there and they would just ask
you to come up with ideas and I was

you to come up with ideas and I was

you to come up with ideas and I was
basically just just inventing things

basically just just inventing things

basically just just inventing things
along the way so I had always been able

along the way so I had always been able

along the way so I had always been able
to create music and and and then the

to create music and and and then the

to create music and and and then the
writing process has started to started

writing process has started to started

writing process has started to started
to develop and then I got more more

to develop and then I got more more

to develop and then I got more more
material but it was coming from all

material but it was coming from all

material but it was coming from all
various styles of music so that answered

various styles of music so that answered

various styles of music so that answered
the question yeah good yes what what did

the question yeah good yes what what did

the question yeah good yes what what did
being a session guitarist as you say

being a session guitarist as you say

being a session guitarist as you say
teach you about the music industry is he

teach you about the music industry is he

teach you about the music industry is he
okay well well one of the things was

okay well well one of the things was

okay well well one of the things was
that even though I was sort of

that even though I was sort of

that even though I was sort of
self-taught obviously somebody showed me

self-taught obviously somebody showed me

self-taught obviously somebody showed me
how to tune the guitar in a couple of

how to tune the guitar in a couple of

how to tune the guitar in a couple of
chords and there was a book called play

chords and there was a book called play

chords and there was a book called play
in a day which is rather interesting it

in a day which is rather interesting it

in a day which is rather interesting it
was it was written by an old school

was it was written by an old school

was it was written by an old school
guitarist even then called Burke Whedon

guitarist even then called Burke Whedon

guitarist even then called Burke Whedon
and Burt wienies play in a day had these

and Burt wienies play in a day had these

and Burt wienies play in a day had these
sort of unusual silly songs like they

sort of unusual silly songs like they

sort of unusual silly songs like they
were all public domain songs like Bobby

were all public domain songs like Bobby

were all public domain songs like Bobby
Shafto and it would show you the chords

Shafto and it would show you the chords

Shafto and it would show you the chords
and and there were charts and curiously

and and there were charts and curiously

and and there were charts and curiously
enough so I came across that but when I

enough so I came across that but when I

enough so I came across that but when I
was about 12 or 13 when I was a studio

was about 12 or 13 when I was a studio

was about 12 or 13 when I was a studio
player they were using exactly the same

player they were using exactly the same

player they were using exactly the same
chart with the names of the courts we

chart with the names of the courts we

chart with the names of the courts we
hadn't got to the point of having to

hadn't got to the point of having to

hadn't got to the point of having to
read music at this point and so I went

read music at this point and so I went

read music at this point and so I went
in there and it wasn't difficult for me

in there and it wasn't difficult for me

in there and it wasn't difficult for me
to be able to just either play the

to be able to just either play the

to be able to just either play the
chords or make something up around what

chords or make something up around what

chords or make something up around what
was going on around me but I had been

was going on around me but I had been

was going on around me but I had been
very interested in the recording

very interested in the recording

very interested in the recording
processes of the records that I'd listen

processes of the records that I'd listen

processes of the records that I'd listen
to certainly in the areas of Blues and

to certainly in the areas of Blues and

to certainly in the areas of Blues and
and well actually it costs all of it

and well actually it costs all of it

and well actually it costs all of it
very good sort of we say I could listen

very good sort of we say I could listen

very good sort of we say I could listen
to records and I was on I felt as though

to records and I was on I felt as though

to records and I was on I felt as though
I was almost in the room with them

I was almost in the room with them

I was almost in the room with them
because you could the sort of recording

because you could the sort of recording

because you could the sort of recording
it was done at the time was with a

it was done at the time was with a

it was done at the time was with a
limited amount of mics and in these very

limited amount of mics and in these very

limited amount of mics and in these very
early recordings it relies a lot upon

early recordings it relies a lot upon

early recordings it relies a lot upon
the sound of the room for

the sound of the room for

the sound of the room for
acoustic so I felt like I was in there

acoustic so I felt like I was in there

acoustic so I felt like I was in there
and I can hear sort of reverb situations

and I can hear sort of reverb situations

and I can hear sort of reverb situations
and by the time I got into the the world

and by the time I got into the the world

and by the time I got into the the world
of a professional recording and such I

of a professional recording and such I

of a professional recording and such I
would ask the engineers well how was

would ask the engineers well how was

would ask the engineers well how was
this done and they say well I'd actually

this done and they say well I'd actually

this done and they say well I'd actually
take records along and playing them to

take records along and playing them to

take records along and playing them to
engineers and I'll somehow they actually

engineers and I'll somehow they actually

engineers and I'll somehow they actually
managed to record an acoustic guitar is

managed to record an acoustic guitar is

managed to record an acoustic guitar is
such a wide sound and it was hell that's

such a wide sound and it was hell that's

such a wide sound and it was hell that's
compression and all these had learned

compression and all these had learned

compression and all these had learned
and as I said before like the microphone

and as I said before like the microphone

and as I said before like the microphone
placing techniques and I just made it my

placing techniques and I just made it my

placing techniques and I just made it my
business to learn as much as I could

business to learn as much as I could

business to learn as much as I could
I just did so much as though then

I just did so much as though then

I just did so much as though then
eventually they gave me the musical

eventually they gave me the musical

eventually they gave me the musical
notation to have to read then I had to

notation to have to read then I had to

notation to have to read then I had to
read music very very quickly had to

read music very very quickly had to

read music very very quickly had to
learn to read music but it was an

learn to read music but it was an

learn to read music but it was an
apprenticeship that's exactly how I

apprenticeship that's exactly how I

apprenticeship that's exactly how I
viewed it but I'm still being

viewed it but I'm still being

viewed it but I'm still being
self-taught if you see what I mean it

self-taught if you see what I mean it

self-taught if you see what I mean it
was just still absorbing like the sponge

was just still absorbing like the sponge

was just still absorbing like the sponge
of the teenage boy Leslie to those early

of the teenage boy Leslie to those early

of the teenage boy Leslie to those early
records was interesting there where you

records was interesting there where you

records was interesting there where you
sort of pointed out that it wasn't just

sort of pointed out that it wasn't just

sort of pointed out that it wasn't just
your guitar playing that you cared about

your guitar playing that you cared about

your guitar playing that you cared about
but even when you're recording of things

but even when you're recording of things

but even when you're recording of things
it was no seeing how far there might

it was no seeing how far there might

it was no seeing how far there might
should be the acoustics of the of the

should be the acoustics of the of the

should be the acoustics of the of the
room do you think that really is

room do you think that really is

room do you think that really is
something that stands sets you apart

something that stands sets you apart

something that stands sets you apart
well one of the things one of the things

well one of the things one of the things

well one of the things one of the things
that I learnt as a studio musician were

that I learnt as a studio musician were

that I learnt as a studio musician were
just being a hired hand and just

just being a hired hand and just

just being a hired hand and just
witnessing everything that was going on

witnessing everything that was going on

witnessing everything that was going on
was how to do things and certainly not

was how to do things and certainly not

was how to do things and certainly not
how to do things as well because I could

how to do things as well because I could

how to do things as well because I could
I'd been in sessions where you'd see

I'd been in sessions where you'd see

I'd been in sessions where you'd see
people really enthusiastic and then by

people really enthusiastic and then by

people really enthusiastic and then by
one means or another you'd find I could

one means or another you'd find I could

one means or another you'd find I could
produce oh just didn't have a clue about

produce oh just didn't have a clue about

produce oh just didn't have a clue about
what was going on trying to bully a

what was going on trying to bully a

what was going on trying to bully a
drummer and then the whole session would

drummer and then the whole session would

drummer and then the whole session would
just sort of come in on itself I I

just sort of come in on itself I I

just sort of come in on itself I I
learnt a lot about for example one of

learnt a lot about for example one of

learnt a lot about for example one of
one of the things that was very clear to

one of the things that was very clear to

one of the things that was very clear to
me there was a music and be sorry that

me there was a music and be sorry that

me there was a music and be sorry that
musical instruments the percentage of

musical instruments the percentage of

musical instruments the percentage of
them outside of electric instruments or

them outside of electric instruments or

them outside of electric instruments or
acoustic so if it was acoustic you would

acoustic so if it was acoustic you would

acoustic so if it was acoustic you would
need to have microphones not necessarily

need to have microphones not necessarily

need to have microphones not necessarily
right on top of it but to allow the

right on top of it but to allow the

right on top of it but to allow the
space so the instrument would sings and

space so the instrument would sings and

space so the instrument would sings and
this is the same with the drums

this is the same with the drums

this is the same with the drums
and as I say I'd been a studio musician

and as I say I'd been a studio musician

and as I say I'd been a studio musician
for three years and I can remember at

for three years and I can remember at

for three years and I can remember at
least three of those years of drummers

least three of those years of drummers

least three of those years of drummers
being sort of put into like little

being sort of put into like little

being sort of put into like little
booths which were sound sound absorbent

booths which were sound sound absorbent

booths which were sound sound absorbent
booths and so they would hit the drum

booths and so they would hit the drum

booths and so they would hit the drum
and it would just get just thud there

and it would just get just thud there

and it would just get just thud there
wouldn't be any sort of ambience or ring

wouldn't be any sort of ambience or ring

wouldn't be any sort of ambience or ring
to it because a drum is actually tuned

to it because a drum is actually tuned

to it because a drum is actually tuned
and you've got a number of them as well

and you've got a number of them as well

and you've got a number of them as well
when the drum is playing and that I

when the drum is playing and that I

when the drum is playing and that I
would I could tell how it's bombed in

would I could tell how it's bombed in

would I could tell how it's bombed in
some of these drummers would be where

some of these drummers would be where

some of these drummers would be where
they said well I played really well on

they said well I played really well on

they said well I played really well on
that I just heard the playback which was

that I just heard the playback which was

that I just heard the playback which was
rare that you'd even hear a playback

rare that you'd even hear a playback

rare that you'd even hear a playback
actually I said the drum sounded

actually I said the drum sounded

actually I said the drum sounded
terrible well this the fact that you

terrible well this the fact that you

terrible well this the fact that you
couldn't hear them breathe so if you put

couldn't hear them breathe so if you put

couldn't hear them breathe so if you put
microphones above them you're going to

microphones above them you're going to

microphones above them you're going to
get the you that you know more of a sort

get the you that you know more of a sort

get the you that you know more of a sort
of well if somebody who played the drums

of well if somebody who played the drums

of well if somebody who played the drums
properly and tune the drums properly

properly and tune the drums properly

properly and tune the drums properly
then you're going to get a pretty you

then you're going to get a pretty you

then you're going to get a pretty you
know much better effect so you know I'll

know much better effect so you know I'll

know much better effect so you know I'll
just just things that I picked up along

just just things that I picked up along

just just things that I picked up along
the way and they stood me in good stead

the way and they stood me in good stead

the way and they stood me in good stead
as a producer when I was a star producer

as a producer when I was a star producer

as a producer when I was a star producer
but certainly when it came to the point

but certainly when it came to the point

but certainly when it came to the point
of the The Yardbirds and then Led

of the The Yardbirds and then Led

of the The Yardbirds and then Led
Zeppelin and with your sort actual

Zeppelin and with your sort actual

Zeppelin and with your sort actual
songwriting when it when you came to sit

songwriting when it when you came to sit

songwriting when it when you came to sit
down and write your songs

down and write your songs

down and write your songs
did you try and write them for a market

did you try and write them for a market

did you try and write them for a market
per se or did you write them so you were

per se or did you write them so you were

per se or did you write them so you were
just personally like them whether or not

just personally like them whether or not

just personally like them whether or not
those who listened to them did well the

those who listened to them did well the

those who listened to them did well the
one thing that do you mean in Led

one thing that do you mean in Led

one thing that do you mean in Led
Zeppelin yeah why did you say yeah yeah

Zeppelin yeah why did you say yeah yeah

Zeppelin yeah why did you say yeah yeah
yeah well the idea with Led Zeppelin was

yeah well the idea with Led Zeppelin was

yeah well the idea with Led Zeppelin was
you see we had this vehicle of the FM

you see we had this vehicle of the FM

you see we had this vehicle of the FM
radio where they would play whole sides

radio where they would play whole sides

radio where they would play whole sides
of records so so it seemed that if you

of records so so it seemed that if you

of records so so it seemed that if you
had the variety of music from one track

had the variety of music from one track

had the variety of music from one track
to another and and that they would just

to another and and that they would just

to another and and that they would just
totally different sound pictures but

totally different sound pictures but

totally different sound pictures but
they would lead on to each other I I

they would lead on to each other I I

they would lead on to each other I I
could see the possibility of that

could see the possibility of that

could see the possibility of that
basically with my writing it was I was

basically with my writing it was I was

basically with my writing it was I was
trying to do all manner of things from

trying to do all manner of things from

trying to do all manner of things from
from sort of blue

from sort of blue

from sort of blue
yeah traditional but we'll say this

yeah traditional but we'll say this

yeah traditional but we'll say this
Chicago blues more than the country

Chicago blues more than the country

Chicago blues more than the country
blues it was a whole sort of electric

blues it was a whole sort of electric

blues it was a whole sort of electric
movement that goes on in the 50s in

movement that goes on in the 50s in

movement that goes on in the 50s in
Chicago where you get all this sort of

Chicago where you get all this sort of

Chicago where you get all this sort of
wonderful harmonica playing and really

wonderful harmonica playing and really

wonderful harmonica playing and really
fine electric playing and all this sort

fine electric playing and all this sort

fine electric playing and all this sort
of riff music which was the thing that I

of riff music which was the thing that I

of riff music which was the thing that I
was so that I was so taken by really so

was so that I was so taken by really so

was so that I was so taken by really so
there was that there was also the

there was that there was also the

there was that there was also the
acoustic guitar from the folk scene and

acoustic guitar from the folk scene and

acoustic guitar from the folk scene and
I wanted to make a blend between between

I wanted to make a blend between between

I wanted to make a blend between between
that the electric guitars acoustic

that the electric guitars acoustic

that the electric guitars acoustic
guitars by overlaying and and then

guitars by overlaying and and then

guitars by overlaying and and then
employing that within a band and having

employing that within a band and having

employing that within a band and having
music that was that would be a very

music that was that would be a very

music that was that would be a very
quite different to the ways that other

quite different to the ways that other

quite different to the ways that other
people had approached it so for example

people had approached it so for example

people had approached it so for example
I'll give you an example once once I had

I'll give you an example once once I had

I'll give you an example once once I had
found Robert Plant I said but you come

found Robert Plant I said but you come

found Robert Plant I said but you come
to my house and I will discuss this idea

to my house and I will discuss this idea

to my house and I will discuss this idea
of maybe doing a group together and one

of maybe doing a group together and one

of maybe doing a group together and one
of the songs that I played him was

of the songs that I played him was

of the songs that I played him was
something that we did with the yardbirds

something that we did with the yardbirds

something that we did with the yardbirds
and that was called dazed and confused

and that was called dazed and confused

and that was called dazed and confused
but another one that I that I played him

but another one that I that I played him

but another one that I that I played him
was was an album by Joan Baez it was a

was was an album by Joan Baez it was a

was was an album by Joan Baez it was a
linked concert album and it had a track

linked concert album and it had a track

linked concert album and it had a track
on it called babe I'm gonna leave you on

on it called babe I'm gonna leave you on

on it called babe I'm gonna leave you on
that particular record he didn't say who

that particular record he didn't say who

that particular record he didn't say who
that who the writer was and some of the

that who the writer was and some of the

that who the writer was and some of the
others did but this one just had a blank

others did but this one just had a blank

others did but this one just had a blank
so I thought it's probably a traditional

so I thought it's probably a traditional

so I thought it's probably a traditional
song and she had this this very

song and she had this this very

song and she had this this very
interesting rippling guitar and and very

interesting rippling guitar and and very

interesting rippling guitar and and very
haunting melody over it and I I said to

haunting melody over it and I I said to

haunting melody over it and I I said to
Robert look I've got an idea for this in

Robert look I've got an idea for this in

Robert look I've got an idea for this in
fact I've already worked out what my

fact I've already worked out what my

fact I've already worked out what my
guitar part is going to be it was

guitar part is going to be it was

guitar part is going to be it was
nothing like the Joan Baez version and

nothing like the Joan Baez version and

nothing like the Joan Baez version and
if you just get this top line if you

if you just get this top line if you

if you just get this top line if you
start singing this top line then I'll

start singing this top line then I'll

start singing this top line then I'll
show you what it is so what the idea of

show you what it is so what the idea of

show you what it is so what the idea of
this having the gel of the two things

this having the gel of the two things

this having the gel of the two things
and of course it's it's one of them one

and of course it's it's one of them one

and of course it's it's one of them one
of the most important tracks I think on

of the most important tracks I think on

of the most important tracks I think on
the first album because it goes to show

the first album because it goes to show

the first album because it goes to show
this sort of layering at the various

this sort of layering at the various

this sort of layering at the various
guitars and and the the aspect where you

guitars and and the the aspect where you

guitars and and the the aspect where you
can have the the fragility of the voice

can have the the fragility of the voice

can have the the fragility of the voice
in the guitar and then the power of the

in the guitar and then the power of the

in the guitar and then the power of the
rest of the band coming in on the

rest of the band coming in on the

rest of the band coming in on the
choruses and that was the sort of way

choruses and that was the sort of way

choruses and that was the sort of way
that I was thinking about things in it

that I was thinking about things in it

that I was thinking about things in it
and of course that was really successful

and of course that was really successful

and of course that was really successful
in its end product hmm and obviously the

in its end product hmm and obviously the

in its end product hmm and obviously the
industry as a whole is really difficult

industry as a whole is really difficult

industry as a whole is really difficult
to break into and it's even more

to break into and it's even more

to break into and it's even more
competitive nowadays yeah with your own

competitive nowadays yeah with your own

competitive nowadays yeah with your own
success how much do you pin that down to

success how much do you pin that down to

success how much do you pin that down to
civ luck or talent or can I tell you

civ luck or talent or can I tell you

civ luck or talent or can I tell you
this is really interesting please you've

this is really interesting please you've

this is really interesting please you've
asked this question because you're

asked this question because you're

asked this question because you're
really well know the thing is when the

really well know the thing is when the

really well know the thing is when the
yardbirds folded if I'd have gone to a

yardbirds folded if I'd have gone to a

yardbirds folded if I'd have gone to a
record company and said well look I was

record company and said well look I was

record company and said well look I was
in a band called The Yardbirds over here

in a band called The Yardbirds over here

in a band called The Yardbirds over here
for example that's been very popular in

for example that's been very popular in

for example that's been very popular in
America because we've got cult audiences

America because we've got cult audiences

America because we've got cult audiences
and I'd like to have an advance for an

and I'd like to have an advance for an

and I'd like to have an advance for an
album well they probably wouldn't take

album well they probably wouldn't take

album well they probably wouldn't take
you very seriously so what what I did on

you very seriously so what what I did on

you very seriously so what what I did on
the first album was to make sure that it

the first album was to make sure that it

the first album was to make sure that it
was financed in internally so none of us

was financed in internally so none of us

was financed in internally so none of us
are paid for it

are paid for it

are paid for it
now if therefore if you could now go to

now if therefore if you could now go to

now if therefore if you could now go to
the record company as opposed to going

the record company as opposed to going

the record company as opposed to going
cap in hand you get actually played on

cap in hand you get actually played on

cap in hand you get actually played on
the record and this is at the point

the record and this is at the point

the record and this is at the point
where certain stipulations were made

where certain stipulations were made

where certain stipulations were made
like no singles because we didn't want

like no singles because we didn't want

like no singles because we didn't want
to get I I'd had a history beforehand of

to get I I'd had a history beforehand of

to get I I'd had a history beforehand of
singles with or being a studio musician

singles with or being a studio musician

singles with or being a studio musician
but certainly in the yardbirds

but certainly in the yardbirds

but certainly in the yardbirds
and I would say that having had to be a

and I would say that having had to be a

and I would say that having had to be a
single spam with the others almost broke

single spam with the others almost broke

single spam with the others almost broke
the spirits of the band so I could see

the spirits of the band so I could see

the spirits of the band so I could see
though that at that time the climate was

though that at that time the climate was

though that at that time the climate was
right and it was an LPS that's what it

right and it was an LPS that's what it

right and it was an LPS that's what it
was

was

was
final LPS and so I didn't wanted the

final LPS and so I didn't wanted the

final LPS and so I didn't wanted the
band to get caught up in singles for

band to get caught up in singles for

band to get caught up in singles for
radio singles for radio because I really

radio singles for radio because I really

radio singles for radio because I really
just wanted to be able to develop the

just wanted to be able to develop the

just wanted to be able to develop the
ideas of the band as a band without keep

ideas of the band as a band without keep

ideas of the band as a band without keep
being anchored backwards and where's the

being anchored backwards and where's the

being anchored backwards and where's the
singalong this new album where's a

singalong this new album where's a

singalong this new album where's a
single look well there isn't a single

single look well there isn't a single

single look well there isn't a single
and as they had to be sort of two or

and as they had to be sort of two or

and as they had to be sort of two or
three minutes long they were I

three minutes long they were I

three minutes long they were I
thought well the best way to deal with

thought well the best way to deal with

thought well the best way to deal with
that is make the numbers five minutes

that is make the numbers five minutes

that is make the numbers five minutes
long so they don't be playing on radio

long so they don't be playing on radio

long so they don't be playing on radio
well that literally let's how it was I

well that literally let's how it was I

well that literally let's how it was I
could pull the punches because the first

could pull the punches because the first

could pull the punches because the first
album was paid for and that philosophy

album was paid for and that philosophy

album was paid for and that philosophy
of of when you were producing these

of of when you were producing these

of of when you were producing these
these albums of not wanting necessary to

these albums of not wanting necessary to

these albums of not wanting necessary to
just aim for a single did that continued

just aim for a single did that continued

just aim for a single did that continued
throughout were you just building albums

throughout were you just building albums

throughout were you just building albums
the whole or were you thinking oh I do

the whole or were you thinking oh I do

the whole or were you thinking oh I do
hope that one that's gonna be the single

hope that one that's gonna be the single

hope that one that's gonna be the single
no no no the thing about the the thing

no no no the thing about the the thing

no no no the thing about the the thing
about the the albums what they were

about the the albums what they were

about the the albums what they were
designed and was certainly our one for

designed and was certainly our one for

designed and was certainly our one for
the John but this wasn't unique because

the John but this wasn't unique because

the John but this wasn't unique because
this was the the character of what was

this was the the character of what was

this was the the character of what was
going on in those days with other bands

going on in those days with other bands

going on in those days with other bands
but you would put put an album together

but you would put put an album together

but you would put put an album together
there's you know some people calling

there's you know some people calling

there's you know some people calling
concept albums what it I mean I think

concept albums what it I mean I think

concept albums what it I mean I think
these are concept albums because of the

these are concept albums because of the

these are concept albums because of the
way that they run from one track to

way that they run from one track to

way that they run from one track to
another it's quite it it doesn't appear

another it's quite it it doesn't appear

another it's quite it it doesn't appear
but it's not like you pull the things

but it's not like you pull the things

but it's not like you pull the things
out of her hat you say you know write

out of her hat you say you know write

out of her hat you say you know write
the titles down put them out of a hat

the titles down put them out of a hat

the titles down put them out of a hat
you actually know exactly what you've

you actually know exactly what you've

you actually know exactly what you've
got the full expanse of the album

got the full expanse of the album

got the full expanse of the album
material sometimes things get left off

material sometimes things get left off

material sometimes things get left off
and then you you sort of pieced them

and then you you sort of pieced them

and then you you sort of pieced them
together in such a way that on vinyl in

together in such a way that on vinyl in

together in such a way that on vinyl in
those days it would be twenty or twenty

those days it would be twenty or twenty

those days it would be twenty or twenty
minutes they play the whole side and

minutes they play the whole side and

minutes they play the whole side and
that would all even lead into turning it

that would all even lead into turning it

that would all even lead into turning it
over and playing the next side so it was

over and playing the next side so it was

over and playing the next side so it was
it was very count calculated in a way

it was very count calculated in a way

it was very count calculated in a way
blues with artistic integrity one of the

blues with artistic integrity one of the

blues with artistic integrity one of the
things I personally think is special

things I personally think is special

things I personally think is special
about music is how songs can associate

about music is how songs can associate

about music is how songs can associate
with certain memories from your past

with certain memories from your past

with certain memories from your past
like I would that without going to too

like I would that without going to too

like I would that without going to too
personal bank being cliched steriod

personal bank being cliched steriod

personal bank being cliched steriod
heaven for me takes me back to when

heaven for me takes me back to when

heaven for me takes me back to when
England won the ashes and my brother was

England won the ashes and my brother was

England won the ashes and my brother was
in the background playing still learning

in the background playing still learning

in the background playing still learning
stairway to heaven that's great do you

stairway to heaven that's great do you

stairway to heaven that's great do you
have any to your songs for your from Led

have any to your songs for your from Led

have any to your songs for your from Led
Zeppelin have any particular memories

Zeppelin have any particular memories

Zeppelin have any particular memories
that take you back to maybe a particular

that take you back to maybe a particular

that take you back to maybe a particular
for performance or maybe when you're

for performance or maybe when you're

for performance or maybe when you're
listening back to your own music well I

listening back to your own music well I

listening back to your own music well I
can be yeah I I skipping you actually

can be yeah I I skipping you actually

can be yeah I I skipping you actually
that the whole babe I'm going to leave

that the whole babe I'm going to leave

that the whole babe I'm going to leave
you one is a good example because that's

you one is a good example because that's

you one is a good example because that's
something that is pre the band even it's

something that is pre the band even it's

something that is pre the band even it's
just before the band is actually sort of

just before the band is actually sort of

just before the band is actually sort of
come together

come together

come together
each and every one I've had to sort of

each and every one I've had to sort of

each and every one I've had to sort of
revisit what the pub of the projects are

revisit what the pub of the projects are

revisit what the pub of the projects are
what I've been doing more recently over

what I've been doing more recently over

what I've been doing more recently over
the last few years is to revisit the

the last few years is to revisit the

the last few years is to revisit the
whole of the analog tape library that I

whole of the analog tape library that I

whole of the analog tape library that I
that I had of Led Zeppelin and I and I'd

that I had of Led Zeppelin and I and I'd

that I had of Led Zeppelin and I and I'd
put out him I put out a whole sequence

put out him I put out a whole sequence

put out him I put out a whole sequence
of records there were nine nine studio

of records there were nine nine studio

of records there were nine nine studio
albums and so what I did was to remaster

albums and so what I did was to remaster

albums and so what I did was to remaster
them get to get them ready for vine or

them get to get them ready for vine or

them get to get them ready for vine or
current vinyl and in all different

current vinyl and in all different

current vinyl and in all different
formats CD and digital but to also make

formats CD and digital but to also make

formats CD and digital but to also make
for each of those nine albums a

for each of those nine albums a

for each of those nine albums a
companion album and so that involved

companion album and so that involved

companion album and so that involved
listening to all of the outtakes and

listening to all of the outtakes and

listening to all of the outtakes and
different versions and all the rest of

different versions and all the rest of

different versions and all the rest of
it so you would literally have as I say

it so you would literally have as I say

it so you would literally have as I say
a companion album to the original one

a companion album to the original one

a companion album to the original one
and I thought that was a really really

and I thought that was a really really

and I thought that was a really really
interesting thing to do and because of

interesting thing to do and because of

interesting thing to do and because of
that I really like into the sort of pool

that I really like into the sort of pool

that I really like into the sort of pool
of it all and ER and and had a good

of it all and ER and and had a good

of it all and ER and and had a good
chance to be able to be to be able to

chance to be able to be to be able to

chance to be able to be to be able to
listen and and to everything cause all

listen and and to everything cause all

listen and and to everything cause all
had to be listened to in real time there

had to be listened to in real time there

had to be listened to in real time there
were many many hours of well many hours

were many many hours of well many hours

were many many hours of well many hours
put into listening to all these

put into listening to all these

put into listening to all these
different versions and things they all

different versions and things they all

different versions and things they all
had each and every one of those songs

had each and every one of those songs

had each and every one of those songs
had a memory I could I could remember

had a memory I could I could remember

had a memory I could I could remember
the way that they were recorded I could

the way that they were recorded I could

the way that they were recorded I could
remember the circumstances of why they

remember the circumstances of why they

remember the circumstances of why they
were recorded and it was interesting

were recorded and it was interesting

were recorded and it was interesting
really because we're just talking about

really because we're just talking about

really because we're just talking about
lots of them and the log tape so you

lots of them and the log tape so you

lots of them and the log tape so you
take off and you put on a tape wheel and

take off and you put on a tape wheel and

take off and you put on a tape wheel and
as I were playing back I could remove

as I were playing back I could remove

as I were playing back I could remove
exactly at what point this was done and

exactly at what point this was done and

exactly at what point this was done and
at what stage and I'd know what overdubs

at what stage and I'd know what overdubs

at what stage and I'd know what overdubs
I was going to hear it's pretty amazing

I was going to hear it's pretty amazing

I was going to hear it's pretty amazing
and it because of course for each song

and it because of course for each song

and it because of course for each song
and maybe quite a number of various

and maybe quite a number of various

and maybe quite a number of various
reference mixes and so there there were

reference mixes and so there there were

reference mixes and so there there were
there were well each of those songs has

there were well each of those songs has

there were well each of those songs has
a different story really great I think

a different story really great I think

a different story really great I think
now might be a good time to open up to

now might be a good time to open up to

now might be a good time to open up to
the audience for questions all right so

the audience for questions all right so

the audience for questions all right so
if you have a question raise your hand

if you have a question raise your hand

if you have a question raise your hand
nice

nice

nice
hi and where you can choose the thank

hi and where you can choose the thank

hi and where you can choose the thank
you wait until the microphone comes to

you wait until the microphone comes to

you wait until the microphone comes to
you so let's start with you in the

you so let's start with you in the

you so let's start with you in the
patterned shirt yeah hi quite a few Led

patterned shirt yeah hi quite a few Led

patterned shirt yeah hi quite a few Led
Zeppelin songs reference the work of JRR

Zeppelin songs reference the work of JRR

Zeppelin songs reference the work of JRR
tolkien I'm thinking things like ramble

tolkien I'm thinking things like ramble

tolkien I'm thinking things like ramble
on battle of evermore

on battle of evermore

on battle of evermore
why did talking in The Lord of the Rings

why did talking in The Lord of the Rings

why did talking in The Lord of the Rings
have such an influence on Led Zeppelin

have such an influence on Led Zeppelin

have such an influence on Led Zeppelin
well I think to be fair here it was the

well I think to be fair here it was the

well I think to be fair here it was the
the lyrics certainly of a battle of

the lyrics certainly of a battle of

the lyrics certainly of a battle of
evermore and ramble on were primarily

evermore and ramble on were primarily

evermore and ramble on were primarily
robert's lyrics on those and and and

robert's lyrics on those and and and

robert's lyrics on those and and and
Robert had read that he'd read Tolkien

Robert had read that he'd read Tolkien

Robert had read that he'd read Tolkien
and and this it's just like yeah I guess

and and this it's just like yeah I guess

and and this it's just like yeah I guess
in so much as if you're doing lyrics so

in so much as if you're doing lyrics so

in so much as if you're doing lyrics so
everything that's the sort of word goes

everything that's the sort of word goes

everything that's the sort of word goes
in and it comes out another way just as

in and it comes out another way just as

in and it comes out another way just as
much as it does with a musician with

much as it does with a musician with

much as it does with a musician with
hearing all things musical but yeah

hearing all things musical but yeah

hearing all things musical but yeah
that's what it was Robert who wrote the

that's what it was Robert who wrote the

that's what it was Robert who wrote the
Louis's yeah let's go to you on the end

Louis's yeah let's go to you on the end

Louis's yeah let's go to you on the end
of the yellow jumper and I read that

of the yellow jumper and I read that

of the yellow jumper and I read that
when you as she do musician um he once

when you as she do musician um he once

when you as she do musician um he once
played rhythm guitar for an 18 year old

played rhythm guitar for an 18 year old

played rhythm guitar for an 18 year old
David Bowie I was wondering what it's

David Bowie I was wondering what it's

David Bowie I was wondering what it's
been like for you and your peers to have

been like for you and your peers to have

been like for you and your peers to have
you know known each other from such a

you know known each other from such a

you know known each other from such a
young age and watch each other grow and

young age and watch each other grow and

young age and watch each other grow and
evolve as artists okay it's interesting

evolve as artists okay it's interesting

evolve as artists okay it's interesting
you've mentioned David Bowie because not

you've mentioned David Bowie because not

you've mentioned David Bowie because not
many people know that I even did play

many people know that I even did play

many people know that I even did play
with David Bowie but I had it was very

with David Bowie but I had it was very

with David Bowie but I had it was very
in the very early days of being a studio

in the very early days of being a studio

in the very early days of being a studio
musician I I was on he had various it he

musician I I was on he had various it he

musician I I was on he had various it he
he had the same producer this isn't the

he had the same producer this isn't the

he had the same producer this isn't the
this isn't the one that you necessarily

this isn't the one that you necessarily

this isn't the one that you necessarily
know this is a guy called shel talmy in

know this is a guy called shel talmy in

know this is a guy called shel talmy in
the early days but he had one was called

the early days but he had one was called

the early days but he had one was called
Davy Jones and Davy Jones's Locker and

Davy Jones and Davy Jones's Locker and

Davy Jones and Davy Jones's Locker and
David David Jones in the lower third the

David David Jones in the lower third the

David David Jones in the lower third the
mannish boys so there's three different

mannish boys so there's three different

mannish boys so there's three different
incarnations that I was playing the

incarnations that I was playing the

incarnations that I was playing the
electric guitar

electric guitar

electric guitar
things and then of course he then he

things and then of course he then he

things and then of course he then he
made a an album on D Ram I believe it

made a an album on D Ram I believe it

made a an album on D Ram I believe it
was called and I wasn't on any of the

was called and I wasn't on any of the

was called and I wasn't on any of the
ones often after that but it was only in

ones often after that but it was only in

ones often after that but it was only in
those those earlier ones and I actually

those those earlier ones and I actually

those those earlier ones and I actually
what happened in those days because I

what happened in those days because I

what happened in those days because I
can give you a really good example of

can give you a really good example of

can give you a really good example of
this because everyone knows the Beatles

this because everyone knows the Beatles

this because everyone knows the Beatles
and I think most people have heard that

and I think most people have heard that

and I think most people have heard that
there was a session drummer and not

there was a session drummer and not

there was a session drummer and not
Ringo on the very early sessions why

Ringo on the very early sessions why

Ringo on the very early sessions why
that was was because the the producers

that was was because the the producers

that was was because the the producers
at the time and certainly the engineers

at the time and certainly the engineers

at the time and certainly the engineers
would prefer to have the drummers that

would prefer to have the drummers that

would prefer to have the drummers that
they knew could just set up their drums

they knew could just set up their drums

they knew could just set up their drums
and it was instant as opposed to

and it was instant as opposed to

and it was instant as opposed to
somebody who was new coming in the never

somebody who was new coming in the never

somebody who was new coming in the never
met before and probably had a very odd

met before and probably had a very odd

met before and probably had a very odd
way of tuning the drums and and every

way of tuning the drums and and every

way of tuning the drums and and every
second counts as money in the studio so

second counts as money in the studio so

second counts as money in the studio so
as it they wouldn't really want to be

as it they wouldn't really want to be

as it they wouldn't really want to be
able to have to spend a lot of time

able to have to spend a lot of time

able to have to spend a lot of time
getting a drum sound so the two weak

getting a drum sound so the two weak

getting a drum sound so the two weak
links would be the drum the drums and

links would be the drum the drums and

links would be the drum the drums and
then also the guitarist so that's why I

then also the guitarist so that's why I

then also the guitarist so that's why I
always get I was brought in on all these

always get I was brought in on all these

always get I was brought in on all these
various sessions like the dead like the

various sessions like the dead like the

various sessions like the dead like the
mannish boys and baby Jones's Locker

mannish boys and baby Jones's Locker

mannish boys and baby Jones's Locker
okay thank you for that question

okay thank you for that question

okay thank you for that question
yeah let's go to you and the green the

yeah let's go to you and the green the

yeah let's go to you and the green the
green ether quasi yeah just wait for the

green ether quasi yeah just wait for the

green ether quasi yeah just wait for the
microphone hi I love your songs are

microphone hi I love your songs are

microphone hi I love your songs are
quite spiritual like stairway to heaven

quite spiritual like stairway to heaven

quite spiritual like stairway to heaven
which is the best song ever written

which is the best song ever written

which is the best song ever written
um and I wondered and if you could tell

um and I wondered and if you could tell

um and I wondered and if you could tell
us about your involvement in the Golden

us about your involvement in the Golden

us about your involvement in the Golden
Dawn oh my involvement in the Golden

Dawn oh my involvement in the Golden

Dawn oh my involvement in the Golden
Dawn is in so much as I was pretty I was

Dawn is in so much as I was pretty I was

Dawn is in so much as I was pretty I was
very interested actually in the eastern

very interested actually in the eastern

very interested actually in the eastern
and western mysticism and I spent time

and western mysticism and I spent time

and western mysticism and I spent time
reading and researching when I was

reading and researching when I was

reading and researching when I was
younger yeah I guess I guess that's it

younger yeah I guess I guess that's it

younger yeah I guess I guess that's it
that that's there were some there were

that that's there were some there were

that that's there were some there were
some there very eminent characters in

some there very eminent characters in

some there very eminent characters in
the Golden Dawn and I found it very

the Golden Dawn and I found it very

the Golden Dawn and I found it very
interesting to see

interesting to see

interesting to see
the history of those that had been in it

the history of those that had been in it

the history of those that had been in it
and this sort of esoteric movement and

and this sort of esoteric movement and

and this sort of esoteric movement and
also sort of what went on the offshoots

also sort of what went on the offshoots

also sort of what went on the offshoots
of it of that sort of love of all things

of it of that sort of love of all things

of it of that sort of love of all things
mystical and magic and All Things Bright

mystical and magic and All Things Bright

mystical and magic and All Things Bright
and Beautiful really do you think that's

and Beautiful really do you think that's

and Beautiful really do you think that's
why people did that thing when they play

why people did that thing when they play

why people did that thing when they play
it stairway to heaven backwards and said

it stairway to heaven backwards and said

it stairway to heaven backwards and said
that you're talking about Satan yeah

that you're talking about Satan yeah

that you're talking about Satan yeah
well you know I'm gonna get I'm gonna go

well you know I'm gonna get I'm gonna go

well you know I'm gonna get I'm gonna go
straight back for the Beatles here

straight back for the Beatles here

straight back for the Beatles here
because that there was there was a time

because that there was there was a time

because that there was there was a time
when somebody wrote a thesis about Paul

when somebody wrote a thesis about Paul

when somebody wrote a thesis about Paul
McCartney being dead and Paul is dead

McCartney being dead and Paul is dead

McCartney being dead and Paul is dead
and if you played back the records I'm

and if you played back the records I'm

and if you played back the records I'm
very serious it's not this crazy but if

very serious it's not this crazy but if

very serious it's not this crazy but if
you play back the records there was

you play back the records there was

you play back the records there was
something which said Paul is dead and so

something which said Paul is dead and so

something which said Paul is dead and so
then they started to play back all

then they started to play back all

then they started to play back all
manner of records and of course we were

manner of records and of course we were

manner of records and of course we were
going to be main candidates for it and

going to be main candidates for it and

going to be main candidates for it and
and somebody somebody said oh it says my

and somebody somebody said oh it says my

and somebody somebody said oh it says my
sweet Satan in it gosh it's hard enough

sweet Satan in it gosh it's hard enough

sweet Satan in it gosh it's hard enough
writing the music one way around

thank you for that question okay yeah

thank you for that question okay yeah
let's go let's go to youth and long hair

let's go let's go to youth and long hair

let's go let's go to youth and long hair
yeah

we've we talked a lot about kind of

we've we talked a lot about kind of
songwriting and composing but let's up

songwriting and composing but let's up

songwriting and composing but let's up
Lin was also quite known for in a live

Lin was also quite known for in a live

Lin was also quite known for in a live
setting kind of stretching things out

setting kind of stretching things out

setting kind of stretching things out
using improvisation and I was wondering

using improvisation and I was wondering

using improvisation and I was wondering
did you find improvisation versus

did you find improvisation versus

did you find improvisation versus
composing design one more rewarding than

composing design one more rewarding than

composing design one more rewarding than
the other or did you kind of find them

the other or did you kind of find them

the other or did you kind of find them
two sides of the same coin okay so it's

two sides of the same coin okay so it's

two sides of the same coin okay so it's
an interesting question because I can I

an interesting question because I can I

an interesting question because I can I
can take it right back to when I was a

can take it right back to when I was a

can take it right back to when I was a
studio musician because then I was

studio musician because then I was

studio musician because then I was
improvising them and an actual fact I

improvising them and an actual fact I

improvising them and an actual fact I
was improvising from the very first band

was improvising from the very first band

was improvising from the very first band
that I did I joined I was always trying

that I did I joined I was always trying

that I did I joined I was always trying
to change the guitar solos and make

to change the guitar solos and make

to change the guitar solos and make
things work for you The Yardbirds was a

things work for you The Yardbirds was a

things work for you The Yardbirds was a
band that was very much into

band that was very much into

band that was very much into
improvisation but the archetype of all

improvisation but the archetype of all

improvisation but the archetype of all
is Led Zeppelin because because what I

is Led Zeppelin because because what I

is Led Zeppelin because because what I
can say there is that say for example if

can say there is that say for example if

can say there is that say for example if
we had it well actually I've just been

we had it well actually I've just been

we had it well actually I've just been
listening to something which is was

listening to something which is was

listening to something which is was
recording in January 1973 and there's a

recording in January 1973 and there's a

recording in January 1973 and there's a
version of Dazed and Confused which in

version of Dazed and Confused which in

version of Dazed and Confused which in
July of 1973 it's recorded and becomes

July of 1973 it's recorded and becomes

July of 1973 it's recorded and becomes
part of the song remains the same film

part of the song remains the same film

part of the song remains the same film
but it's so different and it's a and and

but it's so different and it's a and and

but it's so different and it's a and and
and the reason why is because every

and the reason why is because every

and the reason why is because every
night we were pushing it we paid we paid

night we were pushing it we paid we paid

night we were pushing it we paid we paid
a lot of attention to each other we

a lot of attention to each other we

a lot of attention to each other we
could hear each other so consequently if

could hear each other so consequently if

could hear each other so consequently if
somebody's taking I know it's sort of

somebody's taking I know it's sort of

somebody's taking I know it's sort of
very guitar led but if Robert was to

very guitar led but if Robert was to

very guitar led but if Robert was to
solder sing anything at any point we'd

solder sing anything at any point we'd

solder sing anything at any point we'd
be right on it like that and so it was

be right on it like that and so it was

be right on it like that and so it was
such fun it was incredible fun and when

such fun it was incredible fun and when

such fun it was incredible fun and when
he walked up the steps to go on stage

he walked up the steps to go on stage

he walked up the steps to go on stage
you didn't know what was going to be

you didn't know what was going to be

you didn't know what was going to be
what would be happening all the way

what would be happening all the way

what would be happening all the way
through that concert what would evolve

through that concert what would evolve

through that concert what would evolve
and what would come out of nowhere by

and what would come out of nowhere by

and what would come out of nowhere by
the time he walked off and that so that

the time he walked off and that so that

the time he walked off and that so that
was a remarkable

was a remarkable

was a remarkable
band of everyone was was on an equal

band of everyone was was on an equal

band of everyone was was on an equal
level you say it was it was superb for

level you say it was it was superb for

level you say it was it was superb for
master musicians I'd say that were able

master musicians I'd say that were able

master musicians I'd say that were able
to have this communion year after year

to have this communion year after year

to have this communion year after year
after year and so that's really why we

after year and so that's really why we

after year and so that's really why we
could we could keep pushing the horizons

could we could keep pushing the horizons

could we could keep pushing the horizons
even further so you know if there was a

even further so you know if there was a

even further so you know if there was a
hill we were going to go over it to see

hill we were going to go over it to see

hill we were going to go over it to see
the next hill and go over that because

the next hill and go over that because

the next hill and go over that because
we were so good that we sort of owed it

we were so good that we sort of owed it

we were so good that we sort of owed it
to ourselves to do that to keep growing

to ourselves to do that to keep growing

to ourselves to do that to keep growing
and and make the music so interesting

and and make the music so interesting

and and make the music so interesting
and challenging not just for us but for

and challenging not just for us but for

and challenging not just for us but for
other people who heard it thanks okay

other people who heard it thanks okay

other people who heard it thanks okay
thank you for that question yeah let's

thank you for that question yeah let's

thank you for that question yeah let's
go to doing the stripey red and blue top

go to doing the stripey red and blue top

go to doing the stripey red and blue top
viu towards the front there we go

viu towards the front there we go

viu towards the front there we go
hi um I was just wondering about my

hi um I was just wondering about my

hi um I was just wondering about my
favorite Led Zeppelin album which is

favorite Led Zeppelin album which is

favorite Led Zeppelin album which is
Physical Graffiti at what stage did you

Physical Graffiti at what stage did you

Physical Graffiti at what stage did you
realize that this was going to be a

realize that this was going to be a

realize that this was going to be a
bigger album than a single LP and also

bigger album than a single LP and also

bigger album than a single LP and also
what's the story behind in the light

what's the story behind in the light

what's the story behind in the light
which for me is the most intriguing Led

which for me is the most intriguing Led

which for me is the most intriguing Led
Zeppelin track okay

Zeppelin track okay

Zeppelin track okay
okay I'm gonna start off let's hope I

okay I'm gonna start off let's hope I

okay I'm gonna start off let's hope I
can remember the in the light because

can remember the in the light because

can remember the in the light because
I'd like to talk about that as well

I'd like to talk about that as well

I'd like to talk about that as well
basically after the fourth album which

basically after the fourth album which

basically after the fourth album which
we'd actually made the the fourth album

we'd actually made the the fourth album

we'd actually made the the fourth album
on location this is a radical move it

on location this is a radical move it

on location this is a radical move it
was recorded at a house called Headley

was recorded at a house called Headley

was recorded at a house called Headley
Grange curiously enough Headley Grange

Grange curiously enough Headley Grange

Grange curiously enough Headley Grange
it was an old workhouse Victorian

it was an old workhouse Victorian

it was an old workhouse Victorian
workhouse but but it was it was in the

workhouse but but it was it was in the

workhouse but but it was it was in the
countryside in Hampshire and we'd heard

countryside in Hampshire and we'd heard

countryside in Hampshire and we'd heard
that Fleetwood Mac had rehearsed there

that Fleetwood Mac had rehearsed there

that Fleetwood Mac had rehearsed there
didn't nobody recorded there Fleetwood

didn't nobody recorded there Fleetwood

didn't nobody recorded there Fleetwood
Mac had rehearsed there and that meant

Mac had rehearsed there and that meant

Mac had rehearsed there and that meant
straightaway well there's no noise

straightaway well there's no noise

straightaway well there's no noise
problems and you could actually stay in

problems and you could actually stay in

problems and you could actually stay in
this place you could be in residence

this place you could be in residence

this place you could be in residence
there and I thought it would be really

there and I thought it would be really

there and I thought it would be really
novel to take a to take a mobile

novel to take a to take a mobile

novel to take a to take a mobile
recording studio there with multi tracks

recording studio there with multi tracks

recording studio there with multi tracks
and actually stay in the location and

and actually stay in the location and

and actually stay in the location and
actually

actually

actually
use it as a workshop to actually make

use it as a workshop to actually make

use it as a workshop to actually make
music record music and commit it to tape

music record music and commit it to tape

music record music and commit it to tape
and etc relative to the fourth album

and etc relative to the fourth album

and etc relative to the fourth album
there was quite a number of songs that

there was quite a number of songs that

there was quite a number of songs that
were left over as it had been from well

were left over as it had been from well

were left over as it had been from well
the third album as well but from the

the third album as well but from the

the third album as well but from the
fourth album there's quite a number of

fourth album there's quite a number of

fourth album there's quite a number of
songs left over and then we went back to

songs left over and then we went back to

songs left over and then we went back to
Headley Grange to begin to do the next

Headley Grange to begin to do the next

Headley Grange to begin to do the next
set of recordings and basically what

set of recordings and basically what

set of recordings and basically what
happens is from the fourth album and

happens is from the fourth album and

happens is from the fourth album and
houses of the Holy

houses of the Holy

houses of the Holy
by the time we get to the point of

by the time we get to the point of

by the time we get to the point of
Physical Graffiti we've already got a

Physical Graffiti we've already got a

Physical Graffiti we've already got a
few songs left over and given given any

few songs left over and given given any

few songs left over and given given any
point that we actually had recording you

point that we actually had recording you

point that we actually had recording you
know that the space to record at our own

know that the space to record at our own

know that the space to record at our own
leisure etc which is basically what we

leisure etc which is basically what we

leisure etc which is basically what we
did and from the first album onwards

did and from the first album onwards

did and from the first album onwards
certainly after the first album it was a

certainly after the first album it was a

certainly after the first album it was a
you know a creative a creative cauldron

you know a creative a creative cauldron

you know a creative a creative cauldron
really there was just so much coming out

really there was just so much coming out

really there was just so much coming out
of it that even though we went in to do

of it that even though we went in to do

of it that even though we went in to do
like a single album I could see straight

like a single album I could see straight

like a single album I could see straight
away that we could we could extend it

away that we could we could extend it

away that we could we could extend it
and then incorporate some of these other

and then incorporate some of these other

and then incorporate some of these other
tracks that were that were left over

tracks that were that were left over

tracks that were that were left over
from other previous recording sessions

from other previous recording sessions

from other previous recording sessions
and make a double album so you could go

and make a double album so you could go

and make a double album so you could go
from a song which actually was recorded

from a song which actually was recorded

from a song which actually was recorded
on the fourth album like boogie with Stu

on the fourth album like boogie with Stu

on the fourth album like boogie with Stu
but wouldn't have fitted on the fourth

but wouldn't have fitted on the fourth

but wouldn't have fitted on the fourth
album but actually it had the we had the

album but actually it had the we had the

album but actually it had the we had the
the Rolling Stones mobile recording took

the Rolling Stones mobile recording took

the Rolling Stones mobile recording took
to be able to record with and Ian

to be able to record with and Ian

to be able to record with and Ian
Stewart who was a met who was like their

Stewart who was a met who was like their

Stewart who was a met who was like their
their road manager he was originally in

their road manager he was originally in

their road manager he was originally in
the band playing piano a genius of blues

the band playing piano a genius of blues

the band playing piano a genius of blues
and boogie woogie piano he came down to

and boogie woogie piano he came down to

and boogie woogie piano he came down to
see how we were getting on on the 4000

see how we were getting on on the 4000

see how we were getting on on the 4000
and just sat in and started playing well

and just sat in and started playing well

and just sat in and started playing well
we couldn't put that on the fourth album

we couldn't put that on the fourth album

we couldn't put that on the fourth album
we jolly well could on a double album

we jolly well could on a double album

we jolly well could on a double album
and so suddenly the whole thing just

and so suddenly the whole thing just

and so suddenly the whole thing just
seemed to be from the throne the the

seemed to be from the throne the the

seemed to be from the throne the the
huge sort of climax of Kashmir to these

huge sort of climax of Kashmir to these

huge sort of climax of Kashmir to these
sort of things which are quite fun and

sort of things which are quite fun and

sort of things which are quite fun and
and the Bronner are instrumental which

and the Bronner are instrumental which

and the Bronner are instrumental which
is just the guitar you could go through

is just the guitar you could go through

is just the guitar you could go through
all these various moods and textures and

all these various moods and textures and

all these various moods and textures and
colors and journeys and stories that it

colors and journeys and stories that it

colors and journeys and stories that it
seemed to be the best way to go in the

seemed to be the best way to go in the

seemed to be the best way to go in the
light that starts off as a sort of most

light that starts off as a sort of most

light that starts off as a sort of most
of these things started off well they

of these things started off well they

of these things started off well they
all started off with the musical content

all started off with the musical content

all started off with the musical content
and then Robert would supply the you

and then Robert would supply the you

and then Robert would supply the you
know who would come in on on scat

know who would come in on on scat

know who would come in on on scat
singing and then he come up with sort of

singing and then he come up with sort of

singing and then he come up with sort of
lyrics and things be within the light it

lyrics and things be within the light it

lyrics and things be within the light it
was it was one song and actually you

was it was one song and actually you

was it was one song and actually you
know I was talking about the album's and

know I was talking about the album's and

know I was talking about the album's and
their companion dis the the original

their companion dis the the original

their companion dis the the original
version of it comes out on on one of

version of it comes out on on one of

version of it comes out on on one of
those Campania this is good everyone

those Campania this is good everyone

those Campania this is good everyone
makes it through I think but we had this

makes it through I think but we had this

makes it through I think but we had this
thing Robert went away and he came back

thing Robert went away and he came back

thing Robert went away and he came back
with these sort of blocked vocals for

with these sort of blocked vocals for

with these sort of blocked vocals for
where it was it opens up which is very

where it was it opens up which is very

where it was it opens up which is very
much like music of Bulgaria if you ever

much like music of Bulgaria if you ever

much like music of Bulgaria if you ever
heard any of that choral stuff it's it's

heard any of that choral stuff it's it's

heard any of that choral stuff it's it's
very much into that sort of idea and

very much into that sort of idea and

very much into that sort of idea and
you're at the opening of in the light it

you're at the opening of in the light it

you're at the opening of in the light it
has a drone it starts with the guitar a

has a drone it starts with the guitar a

has a drone it starts with the guitar a
guitar drone which is bowed in a court

guitar drone which is bowed in a court

guitar drone which is bowed in a court
and then built up to a big texture and

and then built up to a big texture and

and then built up to a big texture and
then John Paul Jones comes in with this

then John Paul Jones comes in with this

then John Paul Jones comes in with this
most incredible keyboard line which

most incredible keyboard line which

most incredible keyboard line which
sounds like a Shanghai from India which

sounds like a Shanghai from India which

sounds like a Shanghai from India which
is a readed instrument but it was you

is a readed instrument but it was you

is a readed instrument but it was you
know the whole construction of this was

know the whole construction of this was

know the whole construction of this was
building and building and building in

building and building and building in

building and building and building in
this it's really rather beautiful I

this it's really rather beautiful I

this it's really rather beautiful I
think thank you thank you for that

think thank you thank you for that

think thank you thank you for that
question

yeah let's go to you in the red top just

yeah let's go to you in the red top just
here yeah

Thanks

Thanks
so I'm really interested in how

so I'm really interested in how

so I'm really interested in how
obviously one of the core parts of led

obviously one of the core parts of led

obviously one of the core parts of led
zeppelin's music is guitar riffs so like

zeppelin's music is guitar riffs so like

zeppelin's music is guitar riffs so like
the ocean or whole lotta love what was

the ocean or whole lotta love what was

the ocean or whole lotta love what was
your personal creative process behind

your personal creative process behind

your personal creative process behind
that did you just think these things up

that did you just think these things up

that did you just think these things up
because I've often

because I've often

because I've often
I mean I've listened to them hundreds of

I mean I've listened to them hundreds of

I mean I've listened to them hundreds of
times but I've often just thought how

times but I've often just thought how

times but I've often just thought how
amazing it would be to just suddenly

amazing it would be to just suddenly

amazing it would be to just suddenly
think of something like that but was

think of something like that but was

think of something like that but was
that your creative process or did it

that your creative process or did it

that your creative process or did it
take a long period of time and

take a long period of time and

take a long period of time and
improvisation well there's a variety of

improvisation well there's a variety of

improvisation well there's a variety of
ways that the creative process would

ways that the creative process would

ways that the creative process would
work but I guess 80% of it would be at

work but I guess 80% of it would be at

work but I guess 80% of it would be at
home playing acoustic guitar and I would

home playing acoustic guitar and I would

home playing acoustic guitar and I would
come out with the ideas on the acoustic

come out with the ideas on the acoustic

come out with the ideas on the acoustic
guitar however a good example of

guitar however a good example of

guitar however a good example of
something which comes out of nowhere is

is the song rock and roll because we're

is the song rock and roll because we're
recording something else and with we're

recording something else and with we're

recording something else and with we're
in various parts of the Headley Grange

in various parts of the Headley Grange

in various parts of the Headley Grange
if we're not all in the same room at

if we're not all in the same room at

if we're not all in the same room at
this point and John Bonham plays the

this point and John Bonham plays the

this point and John Bonham plays the
this drum introduction and I just start

this drum introduction and I just start

this drum introduction and I just start
playing what you know is rock and roll

playing what you know is rock and roll

playing what you know is rock and roll
that opening sort of 12-bar thing and it

that opening sort of 12-bar thing and it

that opening sort of 12-bar thing and it
so let's stop what we're doing let's do

so let's stop what we're doing let's do

so let's stop what we're doing let's do
this so that's literally something that

this so that's literally something that

this so that's literally something that
just comes out of thin air

just comes out of thin air

just comes out of thin air
just it's just hearing the the opening

just it's just hearing the the opening

just it's just hearing the the opening
the the it's like a Little Richard drum

the the it's like a Little Richard drum

the the it's like a Little Richard drum
intro actually and and I recognized what

intro actually and and I recognized what

intro actually and and I recognized what
it was and where it came from

it was and where it came from

it was and where it came from
it's like from keeper knocking by Little

it's like from keeper knocking by Little

it's like from keeper knocking by Little
Richard and then I'm playing the guitar

Richard and then I'm playing the guitar

Richard and then I'm playing the guitar
I'm following on immediately in the way

I'm following on immediately in the way

I'm following on immediately in the way
that I would hear like a brass section

that I would hear like a brass section

that I would hear like a brass section
making little Rich's band so that so

making little Rich's band so that so

making little Rich's band so that so
that that riff is like that in my mind

that that riff is like that in my mind

that that riff is like that in my mind
and it's being played as a 12-bar we

and it's being played as a 12-bar we

and it's being played as a 12-bar we
just stop and then we just we just have

just stop and then we just we just have

just stop and then we just we just have
fun doing that

fun doing that

fun doing that
other other other songs were written as

other other other songs were written as

other other other songs were written as
I say at home and and I'd have from just

I say at home and and I'd have from just

I say at home and and I'd have from just
simple just riffs and think to present

simple just riffs and think to present

simple just riffs and think to present
to the Baron or I'd have complete songs

to the Baron or I'd have complete songs

to the Baron or I'd have complete songs
like 10 years gone that's the other you

like 10 years gone that's the other you

like 10 years gone that's the other you
know extreme two things but if we

know extreme two things but if we

know extreme two things but if we
weren't touring I would be at home and

weren't touring I would be at home and

weren't touring I would be at home and
I'd be thinking about the next album and

I'd be thinking about the next album and

I'd be thinking about the next album and
writing for him great thank you for that

writing for him great thank you for that

writing for him great thank you for that
question let's go to you in the red on

question let's go to you in the red on

question let's go to you in the red on
the black yeah hi so um so since John

the black yeah hi so um so since John

the black yeah hi so um so since John
Bonham died and Led Zeppelin broke up

Bonham died and Led Zeppelin broke up

Bonham died and Led Zeppelin broke up
you've collaborated a little bit with

you've collaborated a little bit with

you've collaborated a little bit with
the remaining members of Led Zeppelin

the remaining members of Led Zeppelin

the remaining members of Led Zeppelin
and you've done some reunion gigs but

and you've done some reunion gigs but

and you've done some reunion gigs but
generally there hasn't seen there

generally there hasn't seen there

generally there hasn't seen there
doesn't seem to have been much

doesn't seem to have been much

doesn't seem to have been much
enthusiasm from that for any of you you

enthusiasm from that for any of you you

enthusiasm from that for any of you you
haven't done very much together and so

haven't done very much together and so

haven't done very much together and so
I'm just wondering why that is and also

I'm just wondering why that is and also

I'm just wondering why that is and also
if John Bonham hadn't died do you think

if John Bonham hadn't died do you think

if John Bonham hadn't died do you think
that led Zeppelin would still be going

that led Zeppelin would still be going

that led Zeppelin would still be going
today or do you think there's something

today or do you think there's something

today or do you think there's something
else would have broken the band up the

else would have broken the band up the

else would have broken the band up the
last part of your question it's a

last part of your question it's a

last part of your question it's a
difficult one I know that before he died

difficult one I know that before he died

difficult one I know that before he died
we'd already discussed what the next

we'd already discussed what the next

we'd already discussed what the next
album was going to be like what the

album was going to be like what the

album was going to be like what the
approach was going to be like after

approach was going to be like after

approach was going to be like after
because we'd had to get a very guitar

because we'd had to get a very guitar

because we'd had to get a very guitar
well the presence was was all guitars

well the presence was was all guitars

well the presence was was all guitars
there were no keyboards on it whatsoever

there were no keyboards on it whatsoever

there were no keyboards on it whatsoever
which gave gave the ground to be able to

which gave gave the ground to be able to

which gave gave the ground to be able to
do a keyboard album because they've been

do a keyboard album because they've been

do a keyboard album because they've been
keyboards on the rest of the art that's

keyboards on the rest of the art that's

keyboards on the rest of the art that's
not on presents but on the album caught

not on presents but on the album caught

not on presents but on the album caught
him through the outdoor that was great

him through the outdoor that was great

him through the outdoor that was great
the keyboards were really featured on

the keyboards were really featured on

the keyboards were really featured on
that because John Paul Jones had bought

that because John Paul Jones had bought

that because John Paul Jones had bought
this amazing synth synthesizer outfit

this amazing synth synthesizer outfit

this amazing synth synthesizer outfit
called the dream machine so I think that

called the dream machine so I think that

called the dream machine so I think that
says it already and and he had actually

says it already and and he had actually

says it already and and he had actually
started to write some full songs so that

started to write some full songs so that

started to write some full songs so that
was really good but we discussed John

was really good but we discussed John

was really good but we discussed John
and I had discussed what their that we

and I had discussed what their that we

and I had discussed what their that we
were going to go more back into the

were going to go more back into the

were going to go more back into the
guitar power aspect of things

the so it's hard to say that we had a

the so it's hard to say that we had a
really amazing connection an incredible

really amazing connection an incredible

really amazing connection an incredible
connection between the two of us John

connection between the two of us John

connection between the two of us John
Bonham and I this is no just no doubt

Bonham and I this is no just no doubt

Bonham and I this is no just no doubt
about that

about that

about that
so I'm sure whoever you know somebody to

so I'm sure whoever you know somebody to

so I'm sure whoever you know somebody to
go on off to do their solo projects on

go on off to do their solo projects on

go on off to do their solo projects on
what we still would have been coming

what we still would have been coming

what we still would have been coming
back together again because we we really

back together again because we we really

back together again because we we really
enjoyed playing together so much and I

enjoyed playing together so much and I

enjoyed playing together so much and I
know that John John Bonham loved Led

know that John John Bonham loved Led

know that John John Bonham loved Led
Zeppelin music and played it at home and

Zeppelin music and played it at home and

Zeppelin music and played it at home and
any most of the time so so that's that's

any most of the time so so that's that's

any most of the time so so that's that's
really interesting as far as getting

really interesting as far as getting

really interesting as far as getting
together I mean I did two projects with

together I mean I did two projects with

together I mean I did two projects with
Robert I did one that involved recording

Robert I did one that involved recording

Robert I did one that involved recording
in Morocco and I actually involved a bit

in Morocco and I actually involved a bit

in Morocco and I actually involved a bit
of a bit of this and a bit of that bit

of a bit of this and a bit of that bit

of a bit of this and a bit of that bit
of recording in Morocco with some ganar

of recording in Morocco with some ganar

of recording in Morocco with some ganar
musicians who were who was sort of quite

musicians who were who was sort of quite

musicians who were who was sort of quite
sort of shamanistic players and also in

sort of shamanistic players and also in

sort of shamanistic players and also in
in the studio with an audience and by

in the studio with an audience and by

in the studio with an audience and by
the side of the Thames here in London

the side of the Thames here in London

the side of the Thames here in London
and in Wales and this whole thing was

and in Wales and this whole thing was

and in Wales and this whole thing was
very very sort of kaleidoscopic bunch of

very very sort of kaleidoscopic bunch of

very very sort of kaleidoscopic bunch of
images really of music that was sort of

images really of music that was sort of

images really of music that was sort of
our past and also what we would

our past and also what we would

our past and also what we would
channeling it to the present I thought

channeling it to the present I thought

channeling it to the present I thought
that was quite a good project and we did

that was quite a good project and we did

that was quite a good project and we did
another projects as well called walking

another projects as well called walking

another projects as well called walking
into plasto which was a really stripped

into plasto which was a really stripped

into plasto which was a really stripped
down version of the band we'd like no

down version of the band we'd like no

down version of the band we'd like no
overdubs really hard again well there

overdubs really hard again well there

overdubs really hard again well there
weren't any of it I was maybe two on the

weren't any of it I was maybe two on the

weren't any of it I was maybe two on the
whole of the album but it was an idea to

whole of the album but it was an idea to

whole of the album but it was an idea to
try and do something that was really

try and do something that was really

try and do something that was really
that was really fast and you know yeah

that was really fast and you know yeah

that was really fast and you know yeah
Sony we're those those are the two

Sony we're those those are the two

Sony we're those those are the two
projects we did we had a couple of

projects we did we had a couple of

projects we did we had a couple of
disastrous reunions for the for live aid

disastrous reunions for the for live aid

disastrous reunions for the for live aid
that was a bit of a shambles to say the

that was a bit of a shambles to say the

that was a bit of a shambles to say the
least

least

least
because we had two drummers we had two

because we had two drummers we had two

because we had two drummers we had two
hours rehearsal and two drummers and

hours rehearsal and two drummers and

hours rehearsal and two drummers and
neither of them knew the songs it was

neither of them knew the songs it was

neither of them knew the songs it was
really unbelievable and so we were going

really unbelievable and so we were going

really unbelievable and so we were going
out on a wing and a prayer and it was an

out on a wing and a prayer and it was an

out on a wing and a prayer and it was an
absolute disaster horrible

absolute disaster horrible

absolute disaster horrible
but what we did do so many years later

but what we did do so many years later

but what we did do so many years later
was to play and it's ten years ago

was to play and it's ten years ago

was to play and it's ten years ago
almost this December in 2007 at the o2

almost this December in 2007 at the o2

almost this December in 2007 at the o2
and that that that was really just

and that that that was really just

and that that that was really just
absolutely marvelous because it sort of

absolutely marvelous because it sort of

absolutely marvelous because it sort of
showed us because with many people that

showed us because with many people that

showed us because with many people that
had heard about what Led Zeppelin was

had heard about what Led Zeppelin was

had heard about what Led Zeppelin was
and as well we don't really know you

and as well we don't really know you

and as well we don't really know you
know whether we'd like them or what and

know whether we'd like them or what and

know whether we'd like them or what and
we we went out there and did it you know

we we went out there and did it you know

we we went out there and did it you know
did exactly what we should have done

did exactly what we should have done

did exactly what we should have done
which was to play really standing on the

which was to play really standing on the

which was to play really standing on the
precipice ready to ball at any moment

precipice ready to ball at any moment

precipice ready to ball at any moment
and still improvising and not playing

and still improvising and not playing

and still improvising and not playing
anything safe whatsoever and it was also

anything safe whatsoever and it was also

anything safe whatsoever and it was also
wonderful to do that with John Bonham

wonderful to do that with John Bonham

wonderful to do that with John Bonham
son and to do as much rehearsal so that

son and to do as much rehearsal so that

son and to do as much rehearsal so that
he felt part of a band as opposed to a

he felt part of a band as opposed to a

he felt part of a band as opposed to a
novelty in it you know it was cool I

novelty in it you know it was cool I

novelty in it you know it was cool I
mean I thought we did so well with that

mean I thought we did so well with that

mean I thought we did so well with that
was good it's ten years ago great thank

was good it's ten years ago great thank

was good it's ten years ago great thank
you for that question we have time for

you for that question we have time for

you for that question we have time for
one more

one more

one more
so yeah you who's doing that what that

so yeah you who's doing that what that

so yeah you who's doing that what that
yeah you what's your most cherished

yeah you what's your most cherished

yeah you what's your most cherished
expiry of you being in Led Zeppelin with

expiry of you being in Led Zeppelin with

expiry of you being in Led Zeppelin with
regards to the lifestyle in the 1970s

regards to the lifestyle in the 1970s

regards to the lifestyle in the 1970s
experience

well well I was creating an art form

well well I was creating an art form
that's what I was doing I mean I was

that's what I was doing I mean I was

that's what I was doing I mean I was
from broke from day one I was developing

from broke from day one I was developing

from broke from day one I was developing
a whole persona but I was living it it

a whole persona but I was living it it

a whole persona but I was living it it
wasn't anything that was false or sham I

wasn't anything that was false or sham I

wasn't anything that was false or sham I
was living in every inch of the way and

was living in every inch of the way and

was living in every inch of the way and
that was the determination of it because

that was the determination of it because

that was the determination of it because
because I was so I was so committed to

because I was so I was so committed to

because I was so I was so committed to
the whole aspect of writing new music

the whole aspect of writing new music

the whole aspect of writing new music
and presenting presenting views on music

and presenting presenting views on music

and presenting presenting views on music
that other people hadn't really got to

that other people hadn't really got to

that other people hadn't really got to
yeah I mean they probably would do but

yeah I mean they probably would do but

yeah I mean they probably would do but
but but to be able to do that and I just

but but to be able to do that and I just

but but to be able to do that and I just
really like each and every one of us in

really like each and every one of us in

really like each and every one of us in
that band this as I said it was a

that band this as I said it was a

that band this as I said it was a
communion you know and that was just

communion you know and that was just

communion you know and that was just
something which was such a buzz to be

something which was such a buzz to be

something which was such a buzz to be
playing in a band like that and

playing in a band like that and

playing in a band like that and
certainly a band the I mean initially

certainly a band the I mean initially

certainly a band the I mean initially
from Led Zeppelin one I knew exactly

from Led Zeppelin one I knew exactly

from Led Zeppelin one I knew exactly
that the whole of the textures that I

that the whole of the textures that I

that the whole of the textures that I
wanted to present to people too so that

wanted to present to people too so that

wanted to present to people too so that
it would go wow that's really

it would go wow that's really

it would go wow that's really
interesting I haven't heard so so many

interesting I haven't heard so so many

interesting I haven't heard so so many
things approached it in one go you know

things approached it in one go you know

things approached it in one go you know
and just that just the ethos of tried

and just that just the ethos of tried

and just that just the ethos of tried
keep moving and moving and moving

keep moving and moving and moving

keep moving and moving and moving
forward and these ideas I mean that was

forward and these ideas I mean that was

forward and these ideas I mean that was
just that was just intoxicating

great I'm afraid that is all we have

great I'm afraid that is all we have
time for Oh so please join me in

time for Oh so please join me in

time for Oh so please join me in
thanking Julie paid