Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000
Downloaded from
YTS.MX
2
00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000
Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
3
00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:11,040
William.
4
00:00:12,160 --> 00:00:13,200
William.
5
00:00:14,960 --> 00:00:16,320
William.
6
00:00:16,320 --> 00:00:18,240
He gets a bit scared sometimes.
7
00:00:21,360 --> 00:00:23,600
William, this is William.
8
00:00:23,600 --> 00:00:25,240
William is our workshop mascot.
9
00:00:25,240 --> 00:00:28,440
He's been living on the pillar
drill for the last 15 years,
10
00:00:28,440 --> 00:00:30,680
so you can see he's slightly...
11
00:00:30,680 --> 00:00:32,240
..dusty.
12
00:00:34,400 --> 00:00:37,400
William actually makes sure
that we all go home with ten fingers
13
00:00:37,400 --> 00:00:38,680
and two eyes.
14
00:00:41,320 --> 00:00:43,840
My real title is
Object Conservator,
15
00:00:43,840 --> 00:00:45,880
something I genuinely like.
16
00:00:47,040 --> 00:00:50,520
We all rot, we all change.
17
00:00:50,520 --> 00:00:54,040
We try to manage deterioration.
18
00:00:54,040 --> 00:00:56,000
That's really the real essence
of it.
19
00:00:56,000 --> 00:00:58,360
Apply that and that actually
strengthens timber then,
20
00:00:58,360 --> 00:01:02,320
because at the moment it will just
crumble under your chisel.
21
00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:04,360
We started in 1999.
22
00:01:04,360 --> 00:01:06,480
This was again a mad idea.
23
00:01:06,480 --> 00:01:09,200
Why would you do this at the edge
of Europe, as far away
24
00:01:09,200 --> 00:01:11,840
from your clients
as you can ever be?
25
00:01:11,840 --> 00:01:14,720
But we established ourselves as
one of the leading workshops
26
00:01:14,720 --> 00:01:18,680
in the country to preserve
and conserve Irish heritage.
27
00:01:20,240 --> 00:01:23,920
So we've worked really on anything
from Mary's kitchen chair
28
00:01:23,920 --> 00:01:26,840
to the gates of
Kilmainham Gaol here.
29
00:01:28,840 --> 00:01:31,360
The variety is rather large.
30
00:01:33,520 --> 00:01:35,160
You never know what's going
to happen.
31
00:01:35,160 --> 00:01:36,840
That's the great thing.
32
00:01:38,880 --> 00:01:40,920
Isn't it?
Yeah. He agrees.
33
00:02:06,360 --> 00:02:09,480
We've noticed over the last ten
or so years a huge interest
34
00:02:09,480 --> 00:02:10,800
in Shackleton and his story.
35
00:02:10,800 --> 00:02:14,400
And on that basis, we've been
turning towards creating a dedicated
36
00:02:14,400 --> 00:02:16,440
Shackleton museum here in Athy.
37
00:02:16,440 --> 00:02:19,560
We have an opportunity now
to acquire a very special artefact.
38
00:02:19,560 --> 00:02:22,240
The family over in Norway have sent
us across some images they took
39
00:02:22,240 --> 00:02:24,760
a number of years ago,
and this appears to show
40
00:02:24,760 --> 00:02:27,040
what they describe as Shackleton's
cabin in the garden
41
00:02:27,040 --> 00:02:29,320
of their property.
42
00:02:29,320 --> 00:02:31,840
It's actually the cabin
in which Shackleton died
43
00:02:31,840 --> 00:02:34,760
from Shackleton's last ship
called the Quest.
44
00:02:34,760 --> 00:02:37,200
If this is the true cabin
in which he died in,
45
00:02:37,200 --> 00:02:40,640
it's like the Holy Grail of
Antarctic artefacts.
46
00:02:40,640 --> 00:02:41,680
Yes.
47
00:02:45,520 --> 00:02:48,120
Now, the reason why Shackleton's
so important to us here in Athy
48
00:02:48,120 --> 00:02:51,640
is that he was born only seven miles
from this museum in 1874,
49
00:02:51,640 --> 00:02:53,200
in a place called Kilkea.
50
00:02:53,200 --> 00:02:55,560
He's often described as a British
explorer, but actually
51
00:02:55,560 --> 00:02:56,760
he was very much an Irish man.
52
00:02:56,760 --> 00:02:59,440
His family were here since
the 1720s.
53
00:03:01,520 --> 00:03:03,920
If we could have the cabin
which he actually breathed
54
00:03:03,920 --> 00:03:06,640
his last breaths,
it'd be extraordinary for us.
55
00:03:06,640 --> 00:03:09,520
Yeah, I'm speechless.
56
00:03:11,440 --> 00:03:16,320
Shackleton on his way out,
fag in his hand, waving his hat,
57
00:03:16,320 --> 00:03:18,720
big smile on his face.
He was 47.
58
00:03:21,440 --> 00:03:23,760
The Quest expedition,
which was his last and his fourth
59
00:03:23,760 --> 00:03:25,520
expedition, is not well known.
60
00:03:25,520 --> 00:03:28,160
So hopefully it will help
people to understand
61
00:03:28,160 --> 00:03:30,280
what the men went through.
62
00:03:32,440 --> 00:03:35,080
It's actually up in northern Norway,
north of the Arctic Circle.
63
00:03:35,080 --> 00:03:37,960
So the logistics of getting
it back to Ireland are going
64
00:03:37,960 --> 00:03:39,720
to be extraordinarily challenging.
65
00:03:41,240 --> 00:03:45,040
What we're after is to find as many
details as possible to make
66
00:03:45,040 --> 00:03:47,680
absolutely sure that we're dealing
with the original cabin.
67
00:03:50,920 --> 00:03:54,400
As with most subject matters,
only when you start diving into it,
68
00:03:54,400 --> 00:03:56,760
do you actually realise
how deep it is.
69
00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:04,480
Sir Ernest
Shackleton, explorer and poet,
70
00:04:04,480 --> 00:04:08,000
died on an Antarctic voyage
5,000 miles from home.
71
00:04:10,080 --> 00:04:13,520
His ship, the Quest,
drove on into the polar ice.
72
00:04:19,560 --> 00:04:24,000
On 5th January 1922,
Shackleton died in Grytviken,
73
00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:26,440
which is in South Georgia.
74
00:04:26,440 --> 00:04:31,080
Eventually, when the boat returned,
as usual with all the expeditions,
75
00:04:31,080 --> 00:04:32,400
they owed a bit of money.
76
00:04:32,400 --> 00:04:34,160
The boat had to be sold.
77
00:04:35,800 --> 00:04:38,080
The boat went back to Norway
where it came from,
78
00:04:38,080 --> 00:04:41,880
and on the shipyard they took
this cabin off the deck.
79
00:04:41,880 --> 00:04:45,760
This is the shipyard where
my grand grandfather helped.
80
00:04:45,760 --> 00:04:50,600
One of the men working in the
shipyard said, "I'll have that,"
81
00:04:50,600 --> 00:04:53,280
and used it as a garden shed
for 90 years.
82
00:04:53,280 --> 00:04:57,160
And it was passed down in the family
until eventually Ulf Bakke passed
83
00:04:57,160 --> 00:04:58,560
it on to Athy.
84
00:04:58,560 --> 00:05:01,640
You're happy that the cabin
is going to a good home?
85
00:05:01,640 --> 00:05:03,720
Good.
86
00:05:03,720 --> 00:05:05,960
So it's quite a story.
87
00:05:07,200 --> 00:05:10,480
Are you going to be sorry to see
the cabin go from your garden?
88
00:05:10,480 --> 00:05:11,920
Yes, I will be crying.
89
00:05:11,920 --> 00:05:14,400
Yes, crying.
Oh, no.
90
00:05:14,400 --> 00:05:15,600
OK.
91
00:05:15,600 --> 00:05:19,520
The cabin in which
Antarctic explorer Ernest Shackleton
92
00:05:19,520 --> 00:05:21,880
died has been shipped to Ireland.
93
00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:25,560
It'll be restored in Galway
before being taken to his birthplace
94
00:05:25,560 --> 00:05:27,400
for permanent exhibition.
95
00:05:45,080 --> 00:05:46,120
Wow.
96
00:06:03,720 --> 00:06:06,280
It's great to have her finally here.
97
00:06:06,280 --> 00:06:08,480
And it all seems very healthy.
98
00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:10,360
Now we can start the work.
99
00:06:11,480 --> 00:06:15,720
So the other half, that half
was occupied by Frank Wild,
100
00:06:15,720 --> 00:06:19,480
his second in command, and then
Shackleton was on this side.
101
00:06:19,480 --> 00:06:24,480
Everybody would expect him to die
in a crevasse or being eaten
102
00:06:24,480 --> 00:06:27,360
by strange animals, or drowning.
103
00:06:27,360 --> 00:06:29,400
But he just died in his bed.
104
00:06:34,240 --> 00:06:36,720
And pretty much the procedure
with objects coming in
105
00:06:36,720 --> 00:06:38,040
are very similar.
106
00:06:38,040 --> 00:06:42,320
So the first thing we do
is to investigate, just by looking.
107
00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:46,120
I mean, just go in there
and spend many hours in there
108
00:06:46,120 --> 00:06:47,840
and to really look at every part.
109
00:06:47,840 --> 00:06:50,320
How is it constructed,
make lots of sketches.
110
00:06:57,040 --> 00:07:00,000
A lot of our clients have a very
deep and intimate connection
111
00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:01,360
with their objects.
112
00:07:01,360 --> 00:07:04,840
I don't get personally connected.
113
00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:09,600
Sometimes you might get
carried away.
114
00:07:09,600 --> 00:07:12,120
Luckily, I always try to hold
myself back and just say,
115
00:07:12,120 --> 00:07:14,320
"Listen, it's just a wooden box."
116
00:07:16,440 --> 00:07:20,800
Especially on this subject matter,
it's heavily romanticised.
117
00:07:20,800 --> 00:07:25,080
We spend many, many, many
weeks in the research -
118
00:07:25,080 --> 00:07:29,920
base everything I see and find
on evidence.
119
00:07:29,920 --> 00:07:31,720
Two inches there.
120
00:07:35,760 --> 00:07:38,280
It's not often that I can actually
stand inside an object.
121
00:07:38,280 --> 00:07:42,360
I'm really looking forward
to this...journey.
122
00:07:43,640 --> 00:07:45,320
The quest of the Quest.
123
00:07:50,120 --> 00:07:53,760
We were very lucky that we had
a very good image of the interior
124
00:07:53,760 --> 00:07:57,160
of Shackleton's cabin
in the Scott Polar Research
125
00:07:57,160 --> 00:07:59,000
Institute in Cambridge.
126
00:07:59,000 --> 00:08:02,880
This photo was definitely
stage set for this purpose.
127
00:08:02,880 --> 00:08:07,680
I don't think his bed linen
would be that immaculately white.
128
00:08:07,680 --> 00:08:10,760
So I think this must have been at
the beginning of the journey,
129
00:08:10,760 --> 00:08:12,000
or very early on.
130
00:08:15,120 --> 00:08:16,720
It's a rectangular space.
131
00:08:16,720 --> 00:08:18,240
The bunk on the left.
132
00:08:18,240 --> 00:08:20,200
And straight ahead,
you have a little cabinet
133
00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:23,360
with an elliptical mirror,
and on the right-hand wall
134
00:08:23,360 --> 00:08:24,760
is a bookcase.
135
00:08:24,760 --> 00:08:27,920
Shackleton was a keen reader
and he encouraged all his crew
136
00:08:27,920 --> 00:08:29,880
as well to read.
137
00:08:29,880 --> 00:08:33,960
Underneath it is a wash stand
and there's another very small
138
00:08:33,960 --> 00:08:37,400
little glass support,
I would call it, next to his bed.
139
00:08:40,520 --> 00:08:45,160
So I know that the boards,
the backboards, are 160mm,
140
00:08:45,160 --> 00:08:48,760
so I can transfer those measurements
and, in the end, measure everything
141
00:08:48,760 --> 00:08:51,960
within the cabin and that will help
us then to actually rebuild
142
00:08:51,960 --> 00:08:56,520
these pieces to scale and make sure
it looks pretty much identical
143
00:08:56,520 --> 00:08:58,040
to the image.
144
00:08:58,040 --> 00:09:00,080
So let's make it 32 inches.
145
00:09:03,560 --> 00:09:09,120
Without that photograph, we wouldn't
even have a journey, I think.
146
00:09:09,120 --> 00:09:13,720
It would be just a garden shed
and I would not be involved
147
00:09:13,720 --> 00:09:17,440
in inventing something
that could have been in there.
148
00:09:17,440 --> 00:09:19,880
Now, the depth of it. Erm...
149
00:09:21,520 --> 00:09:24,320
Often you find something
and that gives you a lead
150
00:09:24,320 --> 00:09:25,800
and you just keep on going.
151
00:09:25,800 --> 00:09:29,640
It's a bit like a crime scene
investigation, you could call it.
152
00:09:42,520 --> 00:09:47,000
So as part of the research,
we recently found this new source.
153
00:09:47,000 --> 00:09:51,080
Just by pure coincidence, I found
this amazing blog which followed
154
00:09:51,080 --> 00:09:53,320
the Quest expedition.
155
00:09:53,320 --> 00:09:55,760
Miraculously, some of these images
appeared
156
00:09:55,760 --> 00:09:57,320
that I had never seen before,
157
00:09:57,320 --> 00:10:01,280
and cos there's only a very small
amount of images available.
158
00:10:01,280 --> 00:10:04,120
John Quiller Rowett,
the man who actually financed
159
00:10:04,120 --> 00:10:07,440
the Quest expedition,
visited the boat in Southampton
160
00:10:07,440 --> 00:10:10,360
in the shipyard,
and his visit was documented
161
00:10:10,360 --> 00:10:12,040
with these photographs.
162
00:10:13,920 --> 00:10:16,560
Really interesting and very,
very important documents.
163
00:10:16,560 --> 00:10:19,360
And to have them is just fantastic.
164
00:10:20,840 --> 00:10:24,440
I was so surprised that
I contacted the man behind it.
165
00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:30,440
It's actually the grandson of
John Quiller Rowett, Jan Chojecki.
166
00:10:30,440 --> 00:10:33,880
The fact that after 100 years
this has now come to light
167
00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:35,240
is very exciting.
168
00:10:37,160 --> 00:10:41,200
So your grandfather knew
Shackleton from Dulwich College.
169
00:10:41,200 --> 00:10:42,720
They weren't in the same year.
170
00:10:42,720 --> 00:10:44,080
They were two years different.
171
00:10:44,080 --> 00:10:46,400
So Shackleton was two years
senior to my grandfather.
172
00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:50,720
So they weren't best buddies,
you know, that kind of thing.
173
00:10:50,720 --> 00:10:52,440
But they walked the same
route to school.
174
00:10:52,440 --> 00:10:56,160
Rolling forward to 1920,
which is when Shackleton
175
00:10:56,160 --> 00:10:58,800
really had the urge
to get away again.
176
00:10:58,800 --> 00:11:02,760
So he planned an expedition
to the Arctic to go
177
00:11:02,760 --> 00:11:05,640
in summer of 1921,
Northern Hemisphere,
178
00:11:05,640 --> 00:11:08,920
Come the beginning of May,
he still hadn't
179
00:11:08,920 --> 00:11:10,840
The funding, yeah.
180
00:11:10,840 --> 00:11:12,040
You know?
181
00:11:12,040 --> 00:11:15,560
And really getting too late to go
north in that summer.
182
00:11:17,920 --> 00:11:21,680
He approached my grandfather
and said, "Can you help?"
183
00:11:23,200 --> 00:11:27,200
My grandfather was, by that time,
a wealthy, established businessman
184
00:11:27,200 --> 00:11:28,680
in wine and spirits.
185
00:11:30,440 --> 00:11:34,240
June 2nd, there's a dinner
at The Savoy, and on this menu card
186
00:11:34,240 --> 00:11:36,920
penguins are drawn,
187
00:11:36,920 --> 00:11:40,400
which says they're going south.
188
00:11:40,400 --> 00:11:43,880
Ah.
Because it's too late to go north.
189
00:11:43,880 --> 00:11:45,840
And obviously,
he has sufficient funds as well,
190
00:11:45,840 --> 00:11:48,240
because it was, I mean,
a very large amount of money.
191
00:11:48,240 --> 00:11:51,480
Yeah. The equivalent
these days is about five million.
192
00:11:51,480 --> 00:11:53,800
And it was a big commitment.
193
00:11:54,800 --> 00:11:57,040
The late decision
to cancel the Arctic,
194
00:11:57,040 --> 00:12:00,600
go to the Antarctic, but also
puts pressure on the timing.
195
00:12:00,600 --> 00:12:04,920
Because you've got to get ready
in three months to go south.
196
00:12:04,920 --> 00:12:08,360
The Quest, which is by this time
being fitted for the north,
197
00:12:08,360 --> 00:12:10,800
has got to be refitted to go south.
198
00:12:13,360 --> 00:12:15,480
As you said, they were under
enormous time pressure
199
00:12:15,480 --> 00:12:16,560
to get this all together.
200
00:12:16,560 --> 00:12:18,960
And it's quite evident as well
in the techniques they used,
201
00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:22,080
how they jointed the materials.
202
00:12:22,080 --> 00:12:25,960
I don't think it ever got
properly ocean tested.
203
00:12:25,960 --> 00:12:29,200
I think the excitement, adventure,
that's what they signed up for.
204
00:12:29,200 --> 00:12:32,400
He was lecturing twice daily
on his old exploits
205
00:12:32,400 --> 00:12:35,240
and it was all getting
a bit of a bore.
206
00:12:36,680 --> 00:12:39,360
Shackleton was very keen
to get away.
207
00:12:57,040 --> 00:13:01,080
So this is the lock
of Shackleton's cabin.
208
00:13:01,080 --> 00:13:04,400
Pretty much standard door locks.
209
00:13:04,400 --> 00:13:06,840
Every time he grabbed
this door handle
210
00:13:06,840 --> 00:13:10,480
I'm sure he was relieved,
having a bit of sleep.
211
00:13:10,480 --> 00:13:13,440
The story was told to me when
I collected this cabin in Norway.
212
00:13:13,440 --> 00:13:16,920
The schoolkids would hear the story
about Shackleton and the connection
213
00:13:16,920 --> 00:13:21,720
with Amundsen, and they would
just go along and paint this.
214
00:13:21,720 --> 00:13:24,440
You could say it's not the original
paint, but it definitely helped
215
00:13:24,440 --> 00:13:27,040
reducing the amount of moisture
that would go into the timbers,
216
00:13:27,040 --> 00:13:29,720
so therefore there
would be less chance of rot.
217
00:13:29,720 --> 00:13:32,560
This is just a very small paint
flake, but I'm sure
218
00:13:32,560 --> 00:13:36,400
it's very representative of all
the paint that was in this area.
219
00:13:38,680 --> 00:13:42,080
Some people say this is destructive,
220
00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:45,520
but I think on this object
it's a responsible thing.
221
00:13:45,520 --> 00:13:47,800
Because we only have black and white
photographs,
222
00:13:47,800 --> 00:13:50,200
it will tell us quite
a lot about its pasts.
223
00:13:53,040 --> 00:13:57,480
The first layer is kind
of a greyish, light greyish layer,
224
00:13:57,480 --> 00:14:00,640
with lots of black pigment
particles.
225
00:14:00,640 --> 00:14:03,400
There's some orange particles
in there.
226
00:14:03,400 --> 00:14:06,520
Hmm, how did they get in there?
227
00:14:06,520 --> 00:14:09,960
We go up, there's one more layer
which is kind of a light grey,
228
00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:13,440
and then there's a very thin
blue layer.
229
00:14:13,440 --> 00:14:15,760
And then the top is the white,
which I would say
230
00:14:15,760 --> 00:14:17,560
is the modern white
231
00:14:17,560 --> 00:14:20,240
the kids from the school
actually applied.
232
00:14:20,240 --> 00:14:24,360
So the original colour was just
a kind of a lightish grey.
233
00:14:24,360 --> 00:14:27,160
Wow. That's interesting.
234
00:14:27,160 --> 00:14:29,560
Also the other layer
like the light blue,
235
00:14:29,560 --> 00:14:30,720
we have to think about that.
236
00:14:30,720 --> 00:14:35,160
This cabin was used as a garden shed
for another 90 years afterwards.
237
00:14:35,160 --> 00:14:37,520
They painted it light blue as well.
238
00:14:37,520 --> 00:14:39,960
Those paint layers are kind
of an evidence of that.
239
00:14:39,960 --> 00:14:44,040
We do that quite a lot on objects
to actually help us to understand
240
00:14:44,040 --> 00:14:46,920
what happened to these objects
and how they were treated.
241
00:15:20,320 --> 00:15:24,320
We didn't have many vinyls at home,
but it's amazing, that picture,
242
00:15:24,320 --> 00:15:26,880
obviously, I must have looked
at it a lot, very strong
243
00:15:26,880 --> 00:15:28,400
in my memory.
244
00:15:28,400 --> 00:15:32,000
The words are actually
etched in my brain.
245
00:15:32,000 --> 00:15:35,640
And even though it's 40 years ago,
I think I can remember it.
246
00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:46,720
It's called The Race to the South
Pole by Scott and Amundsen.
247
00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:51,160
So Scott was the Englishman
and Amundsen was the Norwegian.
248
00:15:51,160 --> 00:15:55,040
Scott embraced a more modern
way with motorised sleds.
249
00:15:56,520 --> 00:15:59,800
Amundsen being a Norwegian totally
embraced the Inuit technology.
250
00:15:59,800 --> 00:16:02,000
So he had a dog sled, skis,
251
00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:04,000
his outfits were made
out of sealskin.
252
00:16:05,880 --> 00:16:09,200
Scott obviously had a lot of
technical problems, and when Scott
253
00:16:09,200 --> 00:16:11,800
then arrived at the South Pole,
he saw the Norwegian flag.
254
00:16:11,800 --> 00:16:16,840
Amundsen was there before Scott.
I think about four weeks earlier.
255
00:16:16,840 --> 00:16:19,520
Amundsen is known as the first
man on the South Pole.
256
00:16:20,960 --> 00:16:24,360
Scott and his crew
never made it back.
257
00:16:30,200 --> 00:16:31,720
So it's actually quite dramatic.
258
00:16:31,720 --> 00:16:34,760
I would say for an eight-year-old
it would be quite touching,
259
00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:35,840
I would say.
260
00:16:35,840 --> 00:16:38,640
It's a lot about death
and suffering.
261
00:16:38,640 --> 00:16:41,480
But again, they all have this goal
of getting to a place.
262
00:16:46,840 --> 00:16:49,520
One man who achieved his goals
in the modern era
263
00:16:49,520 --> 00:16:51,200
is Sir Ranulph Fiennes.
264
00:16:51,200 --> 00:16:55,840
He's regarded as one of the greatest
living explorers.
265
00:16:55,840 --> 00:16:59,800
And one of his many accomplishments
was that he became the first man
266
00:16:59,800 --> 00:17:02,800
to cross the Antarctic continent
unsupported.
267
00:17:04,400 --> 00:17:07,680
I brought some images
because I have some very specific
268
00:17:07,680 --> 00:17:11,040
questions and I would really
appreciate your opinion on this.
269
00:17:11,040 --> 00:17:12,200
OK.
270
00:17:12,200 --> 00:17:15,360
So this is the cabin which they just
put on the deck because the Quest
271
00:17:15,360 --> 00:17:16,600
was relatively small.
272
00:17:16,600 --> 00:17:18,480
So Frank Wild was next-door.
273
00:17:18,480 --> 00:17:20,480
So you have the partitioning
wall in the middle.
274
00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:24,440
So when I measured, the position
of that wall was to the millimetre
275
00:17:24,440 --> 00:17:26,520
accurately in the centre
of this cabin.
276
00:17:26,520 --> 00:17:30,640
It's quite, I thought, significant
that everything was built roughly
277
00:17:30,640 --> 00:17:33,560
except for the placing of the wall,
which was ultra accurate,
278
00:17:33,560 --> 00:17:35,520
Right.
279
00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:42,440
He had the most remarkable ability
to keep worrying about other people
280
00:17:42,440 --> 00:17:44,880
when he himself was suffering
dreadfully.
281
00:17:51,360 --> 00:17:54,920
Even if he was called the boss,
there was a lot of equality
282
00:17:54,920 --> 00:17:56,240
there and respect.
283
00:18:03,000 --> 00:18:05,200
So the Endurance
was his third expedition,
284
00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:06,640
the one before the Quest.
285
00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:14,800
By that time
the South Pole was reached.
286
00:18:14,800 --> 00:18:17,840
So the next big step would
have been to cross
287
00:18:17,840 --> 00:18:20,120
the entire Antarctic continent.
288
00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:24,760
Which was a massive undertaking.
289
00:18:27,800 --> 00:18:30,520
The Endurance got caught
in the pack ice,
290
00:18:30,520 --> 00:18:33,200
which was particularly bad
that year.
291
00:18:38,360 --> 00:18:42,600
And they were then sitting on an
ice floe for over ten months.
292
00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:45,400
I mean, you can't even imagine
what life would be.
293
00:18:47,080 --> 00:18:51,480
Shackleton was an amazingly
strong character.
294
00:18:53,480 --> 00:18:59,200
In terms of leading men under
miserable conditions, brilliant.
295
00:19:01,240 --> 00:19:04,600
What they would give him
was an almost automatic reaction
296
00:19:04,600 --> 00:19:07,720
to what you would give
the man back that would totally
297
00:19:07,720 --> 00:19:09,560
Yeah, the boss.
298
00:19:11,760 --> 00:19:13,720
And that developed slowly.
299
00:19:13,720 --> 00:19:16,440
It wasn't just because one
person called him the boss.
300
00:19:16,440 --> 00:19:21,520
They all began, after the sinking of
the ship, to realise that his real
301
00:19:21,520 --> 00:19:23,200
test he was succeeding in.
302
00:19:26,040 --> 00:19:30,600
Eventually the ice floe did break up
and they managed with lifeboats
303
00:19:30,600 --> 00:19:33,200
to just about get to Elephant
Island, which is a tiny
304
00:19:33,200 --> 00:19:34,760
little heap of rocks.
305
00:19:35,960 --> 00:19:38,800
He selected five people,
among them Tom Crean,
306
00:19:38,800 --> 00:19:41,360
that would come with him with
one boat with James Caird
307
00:19:41,360 --> 00:19:42,760
to try to get help.
308
00:19:44,880 --> 00:19:47,560
The only option was to sail
to South Georgia.
309
00:19:47,560 --> 00:19:49,920
It's about 800 nautical miles.
310
00:19:49,920 --> 00:19:52,440
One of the roughest oceans
in the world.
311
00:19:52,440 --> 00:19:57,520
The real torture
that he went through,
312
00:19:57,520 --> 00:20:01,640
even a few hours in that
small boat,
313
00:20:01,640 --> 00:20:04,360
in those conditions trying
to survive.
314
00:20:08,480 --> 00:20:12,000
The journey took 17 days
and they made it...
315
00:20:14,040 --> 00:20:16,080
..but they landed on the wrong side
of the island.
316
00:20:16,080 --> 00:20:19,000
Then they had to climb
three glaciers.
317
00:20:19,000 --> 00:20:21,480
I mean, if you think about that,
no equipment or very little -
318
00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:24,040
just a rope and a couple of nails
in their shoes.
319
00:20:28,200 --> 00:20:31,400
And then the mad dash,
made it across and made it
320
00:20:31,400 --> 00:20:33,880
to the whaling station
in Grytviken.
321
00:20:35,800 --> 00:20:39,240
By then, the whole world thought
already they were all dead and lost.
322
00:20:41,840 --> 00:20:43,640
Eventually, after a long ordeal,
323
00:20:43,640 --> 00:20:46,040
managed to save the rest
of the crew.
324
00:20:48,120 --> 00:20:51,160
The story goes that they never, ever
doubted that Shackleton
325
00:20:51,160 --> 00:20:53,440
actually would come back
to save them.
326
00:21:04,240 --> 00:21:06,240
You could see when he came back
to the country
327
00:21:06,240 --> 00:21:08,320
that the people loved him
as a hero.
328
00:21:10,320 --> 00:21:13,920
Generally, I think everybody agrees
that his achievements,
329
00:21:13,920 --> 00:21:17,360
being the first or having done
something that is unique
330
00:21:17,360 --> 00:21:19,040
were not that great.
331
00:21:19,040 --> 00:21:23,720
But on any of his four expeditions,
none of his men died.
332
00:21:23,720 --> 00:21:28,480
His polar contemporary,
Sir Raymond Priestley, commented,
333
00:21:28,480 --> 00:21:32,040
"For scientific leadership,
give me Scott;
334
00:21:32,040 --> 00:21:36,000
"for swift and efficient travel,
Amundsen;
335
00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:39,640
"but when you are in a hopeless
situation,
336
00:21:39,640 --> 00:21:42,320
"when there seems to be no
way out,
337
00:21:42,320 --> 00:21:45,680
"get on your knees and pray
for Shackleton."
338
00:22:00,080 --> 00:22:05,160
I'm taking this tar paper off
because that was put on
339
00:22:05,160 --> 00:22:06,680
somewhere in the '80s.
340
00:22:06,680 --> 00:22:10,320
And that will also give us a good
idea of how healthy the roof is,
341
00:22:10,320 --> 00:22:13,440
because this is really the only
unknown part of the cabin,
342
00:22:13,440 --> 00:22:15,520
which we haven't investigated yet.
343
00:22:17,560 --> 00:22:20,720
Oh, wow.
That's very interesting.
344
00:22:20,720 --> 00:22:23,320
The planking is actually corked,
345
00:22:23,320 --> 00:22:26,400
so it's a raw cotton they hammer
into that groove.
346
00:22:26,400 --> 00:22:29,160
And they do that with a lot of
force, and sometimes they do that
347
00:22:29,160 --> 00:22:31,400
two or three times and put these
layers on top
348
00:22:31,400 --> 00:22:33,280
of it and compress them really hard.
349
00:22:33,280 --> 00:22:36,760
And that way you make the seam
waterproof
350
00:22:36,760 --> 00:22:39,640
and it looks like the original
caulking,
351
00:22:39,640 --> 00:22:42,120
that same rope would have
been on the crest.
352
00:22:42,120 --> 00:22:43,440
Most likely.
353
00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:47,680
This is still the exact same timber
as the rest of the cabinets.
354
00:22:47,680 --> 00:22:50,480
Just ordinary pine, bog-standard
structural timbers
355
00:22:50,480 --> 00:22:52,480
they would have had in the shipyard.
356
00:22:52,480 --> 00:22:55,240
Delighted, because I was afraid that
there might be some rot there,
357
00:22:55,240 --> 00:22:57,760
but it's pretty much perfect.
358
00:22:57,760 --> 00:23:02,680
So I'm trying to make the ellipse
mirror for the cabinet.
359
00:23:06,160 --> 00:23:09,040
I mean, you can do this on a
computer as well, but in objects
360
00:23:09,040 --> 00:23:11,920
conservation, I think it's good
to go through the techniques
361
00:23:11,920 --> 00:23:13,960
of how it was done originally.
362
00:23:16,080 --> 00:23:19,120
I would say Aristotle did this
2,000 years ago.
363
00:23:29,880 --> 00:23:33,280
These are leftover shelves
from an historic library
364
00:23:33,280 --> 00:23:35,600
that was built in 1903.
365
00:23:35,600 --> 00:23:38,240
So I think it's a perfect
material to recycle.
366
00:23:39,360 --> 00:23:42,640
Authentication.
Well, it's closer to the real one.
367
00:23:46,320 --> 00:23:48,840
I have this keen interest
in materials,
368
00:23:48,840 --> 00:23:51,560
and wood is one of those
fascinating materials.
369
00:23:55,360 --> 00:23:57,400
This is the door for the
small cabinet
370
00:23:57,400 --> 00:23:59,320
that's made out of recycled
material.
371
00:23:59,320 --> 00:24:01,640
The idea behind it is not to fake
it, but to have something
372
00:24:01,640 --> 00:24:05,480
that is close to the original.
373
00:24:05,480 --> 00:24:09,360
This was an Edwardian wardrobe,
but it was all solid mahogany.
374
00:24:11,600 --> 00:24:13,760
Whenever I see a skip anywhere
in the country,
375
00:24:13,760 --> 00:24:16,840
I generally stop and go for it.
376
00:24:18,840 --> 00:24:20,600
I don't know what people
throw away,
377
00:24:20,600 --> 00:24:22,880
but maybe they just don't
realise what it is.
378
00:24:22,880 --> 00:24:25,960
But if you know your materials
and your art history a bit,
379
00:24:25,960 --> 00:24:28,400
I think you can recognise
things quite well.
380
00:24:38,600 --> 00:24:41,640
So there was always something
visible on the ceiling,
381
00:24:41,640 --> 00:24:46,120
some kind of pattern, and it looks
like an embossed wallpaper,
382
00:24:46,120 --> 00:24:47,960
which is really interesting.
383
00:24:47,960 --> 00:24:50,480
So I'm just trying to find out more
because that pattern
384
00:24:50,480 --> 00:24:52,440
seems very, very strange.
385
00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:56,800
The cabin was built really quickly,
they had that very little time,
386
00:24:56,800 --> 00:25:00,800
so why would you spend your time
putting a wallpaper on the ceiling?
387
00:25:00,800 --> 00:25:03,360
Maybe it was on purpose,
maybe it was just random.
388
00:25:03,360 --> 00:25:06,520
Maybe it was Shackleton's favourite
wallpaper. I don't know.
389
00:25:14,000 --> 00:25:17,000
Having read a lot about Shackleton,
390
00:25:17,000 --> 00:25:19,600
there's a lot of speculation
of who he is,
391
00:25:19,600 --> 00:25:23,480
what kind of man he was,
and I have the great opportunity
392
00:25:23,480 --> 00:25:25,680
to actually meet
Alexandra Shackleton,
393
00:25:25,680 --> 00:25:28,520
Ernest Shackleton's granddaughter.
394
00:25:28,520 --> 00:25:31,760
Hopefully, be able to understand
a bit more about, who was he?
395
00:25:31,760 --> 00:25:34,680
Yeah, exactly - that's...
that's really the big question.
396
00:25:36,880 --> 00:25:41,040
This is one of my favourite
photographs of my grandfather.
397
00:25:41,040 --> 00:25:45,000
I think you can tell from his
photograph he wrote poetry.
398
00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:47,000
At one stage, he set out the
qualities regarded
399
00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:49,800
for polar explorer -
Yeah.
400
00:25:49,800 --> 00:25:52,760
Optimism, patience, idealism,
401
00:25:52,760 --> 00:25:54,560
and, finally, he put courage.
402
00:25:54,560 --> 00:25:57,120
He thought everyone had courage.
Yeah.
403
00:25:57,120 --> 00:25:59,200
He entered the merchant Navy
as a 16-year-old,
404
00:25:59,200 --> 00:26:01,080
in the days of sailing ships.
405
00:26:01,080 --> 00:26:05,560
And when do you think his interest
for the polar regions started?
406
00:26:05,560 --> 00:26:08,400
My grandfather realised that though
he loved the merchant marine,
407
00:26:08,400 --> 00:26:10,720
it wasn't really going to be
enough for him.
408
00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:13,880
He'd heard about Scott's expedition,
Discovery Expedition.
409
00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:18,840
Another reason, the oldest reason in
the world, he met my grandmother
410
00:26:18,840 --> 00:26:20,960
and want to make his name
so that her father
411
00:26:20,960 --> 00:26:23,160
would think he's a suitable
son-in-law.
412
00:26:24,720 --> 00:26:28,520
So he applied and got the post,
he was Third Officer on Discovery.
413
00:26:30,680 --> 00:26:34,040
So Discovery was followed by the
Nimrod Expedition,
414
00:26:34,040 --> 00:26:37,440
which was the second expedition
in 1907,
415
00:26:37,440 --> 00:26:39,880
which was led by Shackleton himself.
416
00:26:39,880 --> 00:26:42,480
Yes, but he did not get what
he most wanted -
417
00:26:42,480 --> 00:26:44,640
he did not get to the Pole.
418
00:26:44,640 --> 00:26:48,840
We reached the
point within 97 geographical miles
419
00:26:48,840 --> 00:26:50,960
of the South Pole.
420
00:26:50,960 --> 00:26:55,400
The only thing that stopped us from
reaching the actual point
421
00:26:55,400 --> 00:26:59,120
was the lack of 50 lb of food.
422
00:27:01,200 --> 00:27:03,840
Possibly could have got there,
but they'd all have died there.
423
00:27:03,840 --> 00:27:06,320
And his decision to turn back
is regarded as one of
424
00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:08,480
the great decisions
of polar history.
425
00:27:08,480 --> 00:27:10,840
We're all defined by our priorities.
426
00:27:10,840 --> 00:27:13,560
It's quite clear from then,
his priority was his men.
427
00:27:15,840 --> 00:27:17,880
He tried to settle down -
he got married,
428
00:27:17,880 --> 00:27:20,800
became Secretary of the Royal
Scottish Geographical Society.
429
00:27:20,800 --> 00:27:23,520
It was quite a stultified
institution in those days.
430
00:27:24,560 --> 00:27:27,360
I don't think it would have
suited him.
431
00:27:27,360 --> 00:27:29,760
The early Shackleton once said
to his little sister,
432
00:27:29,760 --> 00:27:31,960
"You cannot think what it is
like to tread where no-one
433
00:27:31,960 --> 00:27:33,920
"has trodden before."
434
00:27:33,920 --> 00:27:36,560
I mean, Shackleton had several
amazing women around him,
435
00:27:36,560 --> 00:27:38,240
including his wife, Emily.
436
00:27:38,240 --> 00:27:42,120
She pretty much kept
the home ship afloat.
437
00:27:42,120 --> 00:27:46,840
I think she really loved the fact
that he was doing successful things
438
00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:48,920
that he really liked doing.
439
00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:52,240
She must have enjoyed the
reflected glory from that.
440
00:27:52,240 --> 00:27:58,320
But, when he was living in the home
and then in his office in London
441
00:27:58,320 --> 00:28:02,800
trying to get an expedition going,
and when things weren't going well,
442
00:28:02,800 --> 00:28:05,200
he took to the bottle...
Yeah.
443
00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:07,760
..and became quite unpleasant
in domestic life.
444
00:28:08,920 --> 00:28:11,080
I do not think he was a saint
or a hero,
445
00:28:11,080 --> 00:28:13,280
which some people tend to think
their relatives are.
446
00:28:13,280 --> 00:28:16,360
But I do think he was
a very great man.
447
00:28:16,360 --> 00:28:18,000
He definitely...
448
00:28:19,000 --> 00:28:21,840
..couldn't take inactivity for long,
449
00:28:21,840 --> 00:28:24,520
because he had what she called
the wonder fire,
450
00:28:24,520 --> 00:28:27,680
the wanderlust,
the call of the wild.
451
00:28:27,680 --> 00:28:29,800
"My love, I'll be back soon.
452
00:28:34,080 --> 00:28:37,600
"As soon as it's finished, my love,
that will be the last one."
453
00:28:37,600 --> 00:28:39,880
"No more."
454
00:28:45,720 --> 00:28:48,640
Some people would say, you shouldn't
go on when you've got a family.
455
00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:50,960
It's selfish.
456
00:28:58,440 --> 00:29:02,920
In September 1921, he left from
St Katharine Docks
457
00:29:02,920 --> 00:29:06,040
and the records say that the
shores of the Thames
458
00:29:06,040 --> 00:29:08,800
were thronged with people
waving him goodbye.
459
00:29:11,440 --> 00:29:14,400
Of course, nobody knew that
was the last goodbye.
460
00:29:18,600 --> 00:29:20,160
After each of his expeditions,
461
00:29:20,160 --> 00:29:22,000
he told my grandmother he
wouldn't go again.
462
00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:24,320
But eventually she realised
that was not so.
463
00:29:24,320 --> 00:29:26,400
And I believe she wrote in her
diary once,
464
00:29:26,400 --> 00:29:29,520
"I realise you cannot cage
an eagle in a barnyard."
465
00:29:32,400 --> 00:29:38,280
It was always this perpetual move
towards the next big project,
466
00:29:38,280 --> 00:29:41,240
going somewhere else where
he was the happiest.
467
00:29:43,640 --> 00:29:46,840
So I don't think he ever wanted
a civilian life.
468
00:30:04,680 --> 00:30:07,160
The amount of objects left
from the Quest Expedition
469
00:30:07,160 --> 00:30:08,720
are very, very limited.
470
00:30:08,720 --> 00:30:10,200
One of them, of course,
is the cabin.
471
00:30:10,200 --> 00:30:12,920
Another really significant
one is the Crow's Nest.
472
00:30:14,560 --> 00:30:17,920
This barrel still exists in the
All Hallows Church in London.
473
00:30:17,920 --> 00:30:21,360
Jayne Pierce is the Curator at
the South Georgia Museum
474
00:30:21,360 --> 00:30:23,800
and will hopefully help me
to understand a bit
475
00:30:23,800 --> 00:30:26,560
more about the boss himself.
476
00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:28,000
So here it is.
477
00:30:29,040 --> 00:30:30,520
Oh, wow!
478
00:30:31,720 --> 00:30:33,400
The barrel.
479
00:30:33,400 --> 00:30:34,920
Isn't it fab?
480
00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:36,560
Fantastic.
481
00:30:38,760 --> 00:30:43,480
Do you think that this barrel is
as special for being used
482
00:30:43,480 --> 00:30:45,840
as a crow's nest on a ship,
or is it just a barrel?
483
00:30:45,840 --> 00:30:47,960
I think it's just a bog-standard...
Just a barrel?
484
00:30:47,960 --> 00:30:50,200
..barrel, because you can see
there's a plug there.
485
00:30:50,200 --> 00:30:53,200
The plug was here to fill it.
Holding liquid?
486
00:30:53,200 --> 00:30:54,920
Yes, exactly.
OK.
487
00:30:54,920 --> 00:30:57,240
And also, you can see the grooves
here that would have had
488
00:30:57,240 --> 00:30:59,200
the lid set in.
Right.
489
00:30:59,200 --> 00:31:01,640
So it definitely had a lid,
and, of course, it would have been
490
00:31:01,640 --> 00:31:03,840
quite difficult to use
Interesting.
491
00:31:03,840 --> 00:31:06,360
So it's just a barrel that would
have been adapted, OK.
492
00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:10,240
It would have been very unpleasant
to sit in this, I would say.
493
00:31:10,240 --> 00:31:12,440
At that height, I mean,
just the movement,
494
00:31:12,440 --> 00:31:14,680
imagine this is 25 metres up
in the air.
495
00:31:14,680 --> 00:31:17,080
On a very unstable boat.
496
00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:18,520
Swaying.
497
00:31:18,520 --> 00:31:20,200
Ooh.
498
00:31:21,480 --> 00:31:23,840
Seriously strong stomach.
499
00:31:30,120 --> 00:31:32,360
On the journey south,
500
00:31:32,360 --> 00:31:36,200
the Quest was hit by many
really bad storms.
501
00:31:36,200 --> 00:31:39,880
Late decision - cancel the Arctic,
go to the Antarctic.
502
00:31:39,880 --> 00:31:42,440
As soon as it got out into rough
water, which, you know,
503
00:31:42,440 --> 00:31:44,960
wasn't what an Arctic sealer was
designed to do.
504
00:31:44,960 --> 00:31:46,520
It was - that's a coast hugger.
505
00:31:46,520 --> 00:31:48,520
The weight of the propeller
shifting around
506
00:31:48,520 --> 00:31:50,640
threw the crankshaft
out of alignment.
507
00:31:50,640 --> 00:31:53,280
If the whole thing's not working,
that's what started happening
508
00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:55,160
pretty quickly in the Bay of Biscay.
509
00:31:55,160 --> 00:31:58,520
And that led to all the problems
and that led to the stress
510
00:31:58,520 --> 00:32:00,600
that Shackleton piled on himself.
511
00:32:04,240 --> 00:32:08,160
And they eventually travelled to
Rio de Janeiro to do some repairs,
512
00:32:08,160 --> 00:32:10,480
and they ended up being there
for about four weeks.
513
00:32:10,480 --> 00:32:13,080
And so their whole schedule
was knocked off course.
514
00:32:16,120 --> 00:32:19,560
When they got to Rio to fix the boat
for the third time,
515
00:32:19,560 --> 00:32:23,720
George Hubert Wilkins, who was
the naturalist on the boat,
516
00:32:23,720 --> 00:32:26,560
he was sent to ahead to South
Georgia to start doing
517
00:32:26,560 --> 00:32:28,680
some specimen collecting
and research.
518
00:32:30,200 --> 00:32:33,960
Wilkins, I know, was disappointed
with the lack of interest
519
00:32:33,960 --> 00:32:37,400
that he felt the expedition
had in the science.
520
00:32:37,400 --> 00:32:40,240
You think it might have not been
well communicated, or you think...?
521
00:32:40,240 --> 00:32:42,600
I don't think the leadership's
heart was in it.
522
00:32:42,600 --> 00:32:44,960
And there was a little bit of
OK.
523
00:32:44,960 --> 00:32:46,840
By the time they got to Rio,
I think Shackleton
524
00:32:46,840 --> 00:32:49,680
had got the sniff of the Antarctic
and wanted to beeline it
525
00:32:49,680 --> 00:32:51,600
and so sent the scientists on ahead.
526
00:32:51,600 --> 00:32:53,480
They didn't really want to
go to South Georgia
527
00:32:53,480 --> 00:32:55,640
because South Georgia had been
surveyed quite a lot.
528
00:32:55,640 --> 00:32:59,120
In fact, in Wilkins' diary,
he says, "it's been done".
529
00:32:59,120 --> 00:33:01,200
Shackleton really wanted to get
to South Georgia.
530
00:33:01,200 --> 00:33:02,800
If he got a couple of people
down there,
531
00:33:02,800 --> 00:33:05,360
they're going to have to
follow them.
532
00:33:05,360 --> 00:33:10,040
The Quest Expedition never got
really a huge amount of exposure.
533
00:33:10,040 --> 00:33:13,560
His work schedule was nothing
compared with the bravado
534
00:33:13,560 --> 00:33:16,280
of what he had planned previously.
535
00:33:16,280 --> 00:33:18,680
It wasn't going to be that
No.
536
00:33:18,680 --> 00:33:20,800
They were going to sail the
southern seas,
537
00:33:20,800 --> 00:33:23,320
but it's not going to the pole.
538
00:33:23,320 --> 00:33:27,720
Even after the Endurance, where they
were on the verge of death,
539
00:33:27,720 --> 00:33:30,160
a lot of them actually
signed up again.
540
00:33:31,640 --> 00:33:35,040
Among them, of course, was Frank
Wild, his second in command,
541
00:33:35,040 --> 00:33:37,760
who actually was his next door
neighbour in the cabin.
542
00:33:40,080 --> 00:33:42,720
Hussey, the famous man
with his banjo.
543
00:33:45,480 --> 00:33:47,800
Then went Macklin, his doctor.
544
00:33:51,520 --> 00:33:54,080
By this point,
he wasn't very well.
545
00:33:55,440 --> 00:33:57,680
He was a heavy drinker,
heavy smoker.
546
00:33:57,680 --> 00:34:00,000
It was well known
that he was suffering.
547
00:34:01,840 --> 00:34:04,560
He was drinking more and smoking
pretty well nonstop.
548
00:34:04,560 --> 00:34:07,720
So I don't think it was a great
preparation for, you know,
549
00:34:07,720 --> 00:34:09,640
an Antarctic excursion.
550
00:34:10,800 --> 00:34:13,480
And he was desperate to get south.
551
00:34:13,480 --> 00:34:16,040
It was almost as if he was
holding on.
552
00:34:34,600 --> 00:34:38,160
So my research on the wallpaper,
I contacted Lincrusta.
553
00:34:38,160 --> 00:34:40,760
They're in business for over 100
years, and they're doing
554
00:34:40,760 --> 00:34:43,240
very luxurious wall coverings.
555
00:34:46,240 --> 00:34:47,760
Ooh...
556
00:34:48,960 --> 00:34:50,720
Very nice.
557
00:34:50,720 --> 00:34:54,600
Michael from Lancaster found this
wall with the wallpaper
558
00:34:54,600 --> 00:34:58,240
somewhere in London, and he made
this rubber mould.
559
00:34:58,240 --> 00:35:01,120
So he took a kind of
an imprint of it.
560
00:35:01,120 --> 00:35:03,520
To have a mould to make wallpaper,
of course,
561
00:35:03,520 --> 00:35:05,320
is something very, very special.
562
00:35:05,320 --> 00:35:08,840
And until this project, I had never
heard of it, that that even exists.
563
00:35:14,680 --> 00:35:18,400
To even find the wallpaper
was pure luck.
564
00:35:21,000 --> 00:35:24,000
This whole project, I think,
is one of those magic projects
565
00:35:24,000 --> 00:35:26,160
where everything comes together.
566
00:35:27,880 --> 00:35:31,480
All the decision making on objects
needs to be based on
567
00:35:31,480 --> 00:35:35,240
rock solid foundations of
ethical consideration.
568
00:35:37,880 --> 00:35:40,840
I could change it in a way
that this object
569
00:35:40,840 --> 00:35:42,800
becomes something different.
570
00:35:44,400 --> 00:35:47,040
And that's something I think is
quite serious because that way,
571
00:35:47,040 --> 00:35:51,440
you actually change history and
the integrity of the object.
572
00:35:51,440 --> 00:35:53,720
Is that off the book case?
573
00:35:53,720 --> 00:35:56,480
Well, to the photograph, this was
just nailed together.
574
00:35:56,480 --> 00:35:59,160
So we're going to do the same thing.
So nothing fancy.
575
00:36:00,840 --> 00:36:03,880
Got everything positioned
so very soon we can place them all
576
00:36:03,880 --> 00:36:06,400
to the millimetre accurate
where they used to be.
577
00:36:06,400 --> 00:36:10,080
So now it's just a matter of
getting the furniture all finished.
578
00:36:10,080 --> 00:36:13,080
Because we're dealing with objects
that represent us and our culture,
579
00:36:13,080 --> 00:36:16,160
they're really worthy of
every consideration.
580
00:36:16,160 --> 00:36:18,960
Then next to the bunk, they would
have had the little side table
581
00:36:18,960 --> 00:36:21,320
with the three holes in it,
with the water carafe
582
00:36:21,320 --> 00:36:23,320
and the funny seed inside.
583
00:36:23,320 --> 00:36:26,840
Some people say it's a spud
because of his Irish background,
584
00:36:26,840 --> 00:36:28,480
but I think that's very thick
585
00:36:28,480 --> 00:36:30,920
to actually come up
with that kind of idea.
586
00:36:33,120 --> 00:36:35,600
The first sheet of anaglypta.
587
00:36:35,600 --> 00:36:37,760
Wow. Turned out perfect.
588
00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:40,600
And it's nice and flexible as well.
589
00:36:42,120 --> 00:36:44,800
We're going to make about ten of
those, which should be sufficient
590
00:36:44,800 --> 00:36:47,600
to cover the entire ceiling
in the cabin.
591
00:36:47,600 --> 00:36:50,680
In perspective, this would be up
on the wall and you would be looking
592
00:36:50,680 --> 00:36:55,920
into the cabin, and that looks
pretty much like the bookcase.
593
00:37:02,680 --> 00:37:04,520
I have an oil lamp here.
594
00:37:05,680 --> 00:37:08,360
They had electricity on the ship.
595
00:37:08,360 --> 00:37:10,680
This was, I assume, a backup.
596
00:37:12,040 --> 00:37:15,120
And this is roughly the same age
597
00:37:15,120 --> 00:37:17,240
but of course,
it was not the original one.
598
00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:22,960
And it's sitting on a gimbal.
599
00:37:25,320 --> 00:37:28,560
It's very, very likely that
600
00:37:28,560 --> 00:37:31,880
this was the light
he used to write in his diary,
601
00:37:31,880 --> 00:37:34,000
including his last entry.
602
00:37:47,720 --> 00:37:51,080
The Scott Polar Research Institute
is an absolutely amazing collection
603
00:37:51,080 --> 00:37:54,120
of very significant and important
documents and objects.
604
00:37:56,040 --> 00:38:00,520
And I'm here to meet Naomi Bonham,
the institute's archivist.
605
00:38:05,440 --> 00:38:08,840
So, having read through his diaries,
606
00:38:08,840 --> 00:38:11,400
what kind of character
do you think he was?
607
00:38:11,400 --> 00:38:15,720
His diaries are all very different,
so you get different sides to him
608
00:38:15,720 --> 00:38:17,920
depending on which diary
you would be reading.
609
00:38:17,920 --> 00:38:22,960
The Quest Diary is, his final diary,
is much more of a personal diary.
610
00:38:22,960 --> 00:38:26,520
Just looking at it, you can tell
it's not the sort of sledging diary
611
00:38:26,520 --> 00:38:29,480
that he would carry around
with him in his pocket.
612
00:38:29,480 --> 00:38:32,200
This is one to be written
Yes.
613
00:38:32,200 --> 00:38:34,920
Possibly at the end of each day.
Yes.
614
00:38:34,920 --> 00:38:38,120
So you think it's more reflective
OK.
615
00:38:41,120 --> 00:38:44,880
All explorers used pencil
because the inks can run.
616
00:38:44,880 --> 00:38:48,920
And there is, of course, only
Yes.
617
00:38:50,120 --> 00:38:54,960
On the 1st of January, we've got,
"Rest and calm after the storm."
618
00:38:54,960 --> 00:38:59,080
The last days of 1920 had not
been good weather-wise for them.
619
00:38:59,080 --> 00:39:03,120
And it mentions Christmas Day in
the raging gale seemed out of place.
620
00:39:06,680 --> 00:39:09,840
1st of January 1922.
621
00:39:09,840 --> 00:39:12,320
The year has begun kindly for us.
622
00:39:12,320 --> 00:39:16,240
I dared not venture to hope
that today would be as it was.
623
00:39:16,240 --> 00:39:18,600
Anxiety has been probing deeply
into me
624
00:39:18,600 --> 00:39:21,640
for until the end of the year,
things have gone awry.
625
00:39:26,400 --> 00:39:29,440
At 1pm, we passed our first berg.
626
00:39:29,440 --> 00:39:31,800
The old familiar sight aroused in me
627
00:39:31,800 --> 00:39:35,120
memories that
the strenuous years had deadened.
628
00:39:37,720 --> 00:39:41,200
Ah, me. The years that have gone
since in the pride of young manhood
629
00:39:41,200 --> 00:39:44,320
I first went forth to the fight.
630
00:39:44,320 --> 00:39:47,640
I grow old and tired,
but must always lead on.
631
00:39:51,560 --> 00:39:54,400
He might have known
that he wasn't healthy,
632
00:39:54,400 --> 00:39:56,760
that this might be his last journey.
633
00:39:56,760 --> 00:39:59,320
Out of almost despair
he kind of runs off
634
00:39:59,320 --> 00:40:01,720
after maybe reflecting on his life,
635
00:40:01,720 --> 00:40:06,520
"I haven't really achieved any major
things" like his colleagues did.
636
00:40:08,040 --> 00:40:09,840
Certainly not in the best of health,
637
00:40:09,840 --> 00:40:14,240
he would have known that,
but still wanting to carry on.
638
00:40:14,240 --> 00:40:18,440
Going back to the Antarctic in a way
is perhaps like going home,
639
00:40:18,440 --> 00:40:20,520
which in a way becomes more poignant
640
00:40:20,520 --> 00:40:23,440
considering it's literally
his last few days.
641
00:40:24,880 --> 00:40:27,640
3rd of January, 1922.
642
00:40:27,640 --> 00:40:29,360
Another beautiful day.
643
00:40:30,960 --> 00:40:33,960
Fortune seems to attend us
this new year.
644
00:40:33,960 --> 00:40:38,200
There are two points
in the adventure of the diver -
645
00:40:38,200 --> 00:40:42,320
one, when a beggar
he prepares to plunge,
646
00:40:42,320 --> 00:40:45,760
one, when a prince,
he rises with his pearl.
647
00:40:50,440 --> 00:40:53,720
And then January the 5th,
an empty page here.
648
00:41:21,120 --> 00:41:23,560
Alexandra Shackleton will be coming
649
00:41:23,560 --> 00:41:26,320
and she has never seen
the cabin like this.
650
00:41:26,320 --> 00:41:29,720
So quite exciting to see
what she thinks about it.
651
00:41:40,880 --> 00:41:43,680
By the time they got to
the Grytviken, the whaling station,
652
00:41:43,680 --> 00:41:45,480
it was the 4th of January.
653
00:41:45,480 --> 00:41:47,320
Everyone was super happy.
654
00:41:47,320 --> 00:41:51,640
Shackleton came out of
this dark cloud and was joyous.
655
00:41:53,080 --> 00:41:56,160
In the middle of the night
Shackleton was restless,
656
00:41:56,160 --> 00:42:00,080
he couldn't sleep and
he called in Macklin, the surgeon,
657
00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:02,960
about 2, 2:30am.
658
00:42:05,440 --> 00:42:08,880
And then he suffered
a huge heart attack and died
659
00:42:08,880 --> 00:42:10,720
in his cabin on the Quest.
660
00:42:13,800 --> 00:42:15,120
There we are.
661
00:42:17,880 --> 00:42:21,240
So this one is
the ship's log for the Quest.
662
00:42:21,240 --> 00:42:23,040
Wow.
663
00:42:23,040 --> 00:42:27,320
"3am. Sir Ernest Shackleton
died suddenly of heart failure.
664
00:42:27,320 --> 00:42:31,000
"Drs Macklin and McElroy
in attendance."
665
00:42:33,040 --> 00:42:35,600
Yes.
666
00:42:37,160 --> 00:42:38,200
Hmm.
667
00:42:43,720 --> 00:42:46,240
So they took his body off the ship.
668
00:42:47,560 --> 00:42:52,160
They then left and went on to
Antarctica to try and carry out
669
00:42:52,160 --> 00:42:54,840
what was remaining
of the expedition.
670
00:42:56,160 --> 00:42:57,560
And then the idea was that
671
00:42:57,560 --> 00:43:00,120
the body was then going
to be taken back to Britain.
672
00:43:02,840 --> 00:43:06,080
Meanwhile, news had finally
travelled back to the UK,
673
00:43:06,080 --> 00:43:08,400
back to his wife in London.
674
00:43:08,400 --> 00:43:10,680
Emily decided
he ought to lie in South Georgia,
675
00:43:10,680 --> 00:43:12,400
the scene of his greatest triumphs
676
00:43:12,400 --> 00:43:14,480
and the place that
mattered so much to him.
677
00:43:21,080 --> 00:43:24,600
So they had a lovely small service
in the church at Grytviken
678
00:43:24,600 --> 00:43:26,800
with lots of whalers present.
679
00:43:33,880 --> 00:43:37,320
His grave is very different
from the norm.
680
00:43:39,560 --> 00:43:43,440
He is pointing south towards
Antarctica, to where it's thought
681
00:43:43,440 --> 00:43:46,480
his soul and his heart
truly wanted to be.
682
00:43:55,800 --> 00:44:00,200
I think it's always important as
well to have both feet on the ground
683
00:44:00,200 --> 00:44:03,160
and just say, listen,
it's just a wooden box.
684
00:44:03,160 --> 00:44:05,640
That's what it will always be.
685
00:44:05,640 --> 00:44:09,600
But in the last 20 years,
this was definitely, I think,
686
00:44:09,600 --> 00:44:13,480
physically, mentally,
the most intense project.
687
00:44:13,480 --> 00:44:17,120
Normally, as I said, I never get
personally attached to objects,
688
00:44:17,120 --> 00:44:19,320
but with the cabin,
I definitely had that.
689
00:44:21,400 --> 00:44:24,080
I think it's something
that touches me emotionally.
690
00:44:26,240 --> 00:44:30,920
So that cabin, I think, is quite
a bit more than just a garden shed.
691
00:44:43,200 --> 00:44:46,440
To give John Quiller Rowett
a lot more credit is, I think,
692
00:44:46,440 --> 00:44:50,080
quite important, because without
It wouldn't have happened.
693
00:44:50,080 --> 00:44:53,160
He would be very disappointed
with the way that it wrapped up
694
00:44:53,160 --> 00:44:56,720
the way it did, because
it didn't execute. It didn't finish.
695
00:44:59,400 --> 00:45:01,600
They didn't manage to do much.
696
00:45:03,320 --> 00:45:06,200
They did some geological work,
some meteorological work.
697
00:45:06,200 --> 00:45:08,640
They were hit by bad storms again.
698
00:45:11,840 --> 00:45:13,960
And so they made the decision
699
00:45:13,960 --> 00:45:16,520
to just head back to South Georgia.
700
00:45:20,560 --> 00:45:23,920
And they of course didn't know
that he was by then buried.
701
00:45:23,920 --> 00:45:27,760
But I'm sure the crew was,
I would say, maybe quite happy?
702
00:45:27,760 --> 00:45:30,680
Yes.
..at his grave. Yeah.
703
00:45:49,680 --> 00:45:54,160
They decided to then make a cairn
as a memorial to Shackleton.
704
00:45:54,160 --> 00:45:56,160
And it still stands today
on South Georgia
705
00:45:56,160 --> 00:45:57,680
on a place called Hope Point.
706
00:46:08,800 --> 00:46:12,560
Ernest Shackleton's death has been
described as marking the end
707
00:46:12,560 --> 00:46:15,640
of what's called the heroic age
of Antarctic exploration.
708
00:46:19,560 --> 00:46:24,600
Back at that time,
the polar era was over.
709
00:46:27,240 --> 00:46:33,480
Shackleton was definitely
the last accepted hero.
710
00:47:01,240 --> 00:47:03,520
Wow. Gosh.
711
00:47:03,520 --> 00:47:05,240
And the bunk.
712
00:47:05,240 --> 00:47:08,480
Just to help you, there's
the famous image which was taken
713
00:47:08,480 --> 00:47:13,280
from exactly the position you're in
Amazing. It looks wonderful.
714
00:47:15,080 --> 00:47:18,040
Oh, this is so
beautifully done, Sven.
715
00:47:22,280 --> 00:47:25,160
I think he would have been
astonished and amused
716
00:47:25,160 --> 00:47:29,360
at the enormous amount of interest
there is 100 years later.
717
00:47:29,360 --> 00:47:31,120
Yeah.
718
00:47:31,120 --> 00:47:34,760
I'm sure you're aware what
actually happened on the night.
719
00:47:34,760 --> 00:47:38,680
Hussey had his banjo with him,
so Hussey actually, on the evening
720
00:47:38,680 --> 00:47:42,520
of his death, sat actually there
721
00:47:42,520 --> 00:47:46,120
and played a lullaby.
I didn't know that.
722
00:47:46,120 --> 00:47:48,400
But what I always wondered is
723
00:47:48,400 --> 00:47:52,200
when Shackleton was lying
in this cabin and looking up,
724
00:47:52,200 --> 00:47:56,040
at the moment when he passed...
725
00:47:57,320 --> 00:47:59,520
..what his last thoughts
would have been.
726
00:48:03,320 --> 00:48:06,120
It's absolutely evocative
of how it was
727
00:48:06,120 --> 00:48:10,200
just a little over a century
since my grandfather died in it.
728
00:48:13,680 --> 00:48:17,400
The night Shackleton died, as
I came off watch, passing his cabin,
729
00:48:17,400 --> 00:48:20,240
he called out to me.
He said, "Huss, I can't sleep.
730
00:48:20,240 --> 00:48:23,520
"Play me some of the old tunes, will
you? They always help me to sleep."
731
00:48:23,520 --> 00:48:25,400
So I played him a lullaby.
732
00:48:37,400 --> 00:48:38,840
How lovely.
733
00:48:45,360 --> 00:48:46,640
Yes.
734
00:48:49,840 --> 00:48:54,880
You know what his last words were?
Last entry in his diary?
735
00:49:01,440 --> 00:49:04,360
4th of January, 1922.
736
00:49:05,440 --> 00:49:10,360
At last, after 16 days
of turmoil and anxiety,
737
00:49:10,360 --> 00:49:12,680
on a peaceful sun shining day,
738
00:49:12,680 --> 00:49:15,000
we came to anchor in Grytviken.
739
00:49:15,000 --> 00:49:17,040
A wonderful evening.
740
00:49:17,040 --> 00:49:20,720
In the darkening twilight.
I saw a lone star hover,
741
00:49:20,720 --> 00:49:23,040
gemlike, above the bay.
58948
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.