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1
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US Veteran 1970's: A soldier's
duty is not to reason why.
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00:00:10,893 --> 00:00:13,760
A soldier's duty is
to do or die.
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00:00:20,602 --> 00:00:25,939
NARRATOR: This is the story
of the doing and the dying.
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00:00:27,443 --> 00:00:31,244
In the defining conflict
of the 20th Century.
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00:00:31,313 --> 00:00:33,980
Capt. Samuel Grashio: I saw some
of the most horrible incidents
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00:00:34,049 --> 00:00:36,883
which a person would have
to experience themselves
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00:00:36,952 --> 00:00:38,852
before they would believe me.
8
00:00:45,928 --> 00:00:47,994
JAMES ROOSEVELT: The massive
casualties of the war weighed
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00:00:48,063 --> 00:00:49,996
heavily on my grandfather.
10
00:00:50,065 --> 00:00:51,832
It wasn't theory to him.
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00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:53,433
It was people's children.
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00:01:01,310 --> 00:01:04,010
NARRATOR: This is also the
story of the reason why.
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00:01:04,079 --> 00:01:06,746
Of knowing why you fight.
14
00:01:10,219 --> 00:01:12,219
LT. Col. Harold Brown: Had
we not won that war,
15
00:01:12,287 --> 00:01:19,092
then life as we know it would
never have existed again.
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00:01:19,161 --> 00:01:24,865
NARRATOR: It's your father's
story, or grandfather's.
17
00:01:24,933 --> 00:01:27,634
But it's also yours.
18
00:01:37,112 --> 00:01:41,148
Sen. Daniel Inouye: You don't
forget the horrors of the war.
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00:01:41,216 --> 00:01:44,384
As I tell some of
my closest friends,
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00:01:44,453 --> 00:01:49,322
if you run over a
cat while driving,
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00:01:49,391 --> 00:01:51,191
would you ever
forget that incident,
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00:01:51,260 --> 00:01:55,829
that little bump when
you ran over this cat?
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00:01:55,898 --> 00:01:58,732
Most people would say no, I'll
remember that for the rest
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00:01:58,800 --> 00:02:00,667
of my life.
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00:02:00,736 --> 00:02:06,239
What about a human being if you
shot him or blew his head off?
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00:02:06,308 --> 00:02:08,608
Would you forget that?
27
00:02:10,746 --> 00:02:14,714
Sieg Heil! Sieg Heil!
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00:02:49,384 --> 00:02:52,686
NARRATOR: In Berlin, a Jewish
boy named Ernest Conrad
29
00:02:52,754 --> 00:02:55,522
sits around the dinner
table with his parents,
30
00:02:55,591 --> 00:02:58,258
who reassure each other
that Hitler is a fad,
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00:02:58,327 --> 00:03:00,060
destined to fail.
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00:03:01,430 --> 00:03:02,696
Rabbi Ernest Conrad:
This cannot last.
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00:03:02,764 --> 00:03:05,498
That was the feeling; this
man coming is crazy, nuts.
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00:03:09,071 --> 00:03:10,637
How can the Germans
listen to him?
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00:03:16,311 --> 00:03:17,444
Conrad: What does
he have to give?
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00:03:22,417 --> 00:03:24,951
NARRATOR: Hitler's gift
to Germany is a campaign
37
00:03:25,020 --> 00:03:27,520
of racist terror.
38
00:03:27,589 --> 00:03:29,823
Jane Sterling: My dad
had his citizenship;
39
00:03:29,891 --> 00:03:32,592
we all had our
citizenships taken away.
40
00:03:32,661 --> 00:03:37,964
His bank accounts confiscated
his businesses totally
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00:03:38,033 --> 00:03:39,866
near dissolution.
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00:03:41,670 --> 00:03:45,105
NARRATOR: It's not only
Jews who face persecution.
43
00:03:45,173 --> 00:03:50,010
In March, 1936 Hitler's troops
sweep into the Rhineland,
44
00:03:50,078 --> 00:03:53,980
a German region demilitarized
after World War One.
45
00:03:56,585 --> 00:03:59,853
Nazis sterilize hundreds
of mixed race children
46
00:03:59,921 --> 00:04:03,390
whom Hitler calls the
Rhineland bastards.
47
00:04:04,693 --> 00:04:07,594
Born to a German mother
and an African father,
48
00:04:07,663 --> 00:04:12,165
Hans Hauck is 16-years old
when he is forcibly sterilized
49
00:04:12,234 --> 00:04:13,533
by a vasectomy.
50
00:04:50,439 --> 00:04:52,072
Rabbi Ernest Conrad: It
couldn't escape from anybody
51
00:04:52,140 --> 00:04:55,508
how increasingly the country
was not only militarized,
52
00:04:55,577 --> 00:04:57,310
but terrorized.
53
00:05:00,582 --> 00:05:05,418
NARRATOR: In the summer of 1936,
Berlin hosts the Olympics.
54
00:05:05,487 --> 00:05:08,221
Hitler and his Nazis look
to showcase the superiority
55
00:05:08,290 --> 00:05:10,924
of the Aryan race.
56
00:05:10,992 --> 00:05:13,526
they don't count on the
lightning fast American
57
00:05:13,595 --> 00:05:15,395
Jesse Owens.
58
00:05:15,464 --> 00:05:17,230
Louis Zamperini: When Jessie
Owens came into the stadium,
59
00:05:17,299 --> 00:05:19,599
he got a bigger
ovation than Hitler.
60
00:05:23,972 --> 00:05:26,339
NARRATOR: Owens obliterates
the competition,
61
00:05:26,408 --> 00:05:29,109
winning four gold medals.
62
00:05:29,177 --> 00:05:31,945
His teammate Louis Zamperini
competes in the five-thousand
63
00:05:32,013 --> 00:05:33,947
meter and loses.
64
00:05:34,015 --> 00:05:37,250
But he runs a gutsy
race, finishing strong.
65
00:05:37,319 --> 00:05:40,153
Hitler insists on meeting him.
66
00:05:41,156 --> 00:05:43,423
Louis Zamperini: He shook my
hands and said, Oh, the;
67
00:05:43,492 --> 00:05:45,759
ah, the boy with the fast finish
68
00:05:45,827 --> 00:05:49,295
I mean his face, his mustache,
the way he combed his hair.
69
00:05:49,364 --> 00:05:51,364
I mean he looked like
somebody purposely uh,
70
00:05:51,433 --> 00:05:53,833
did cosmetics on
him for a comedy.
71
00:05:53,902 --> 00:05:57,203
he was uh, to us, a
dangerous comedian.
72
00:06:22,764 --> 00:06:24,931
NARRATOR: Japanese forces
overwhelm Shanghai and sweep
73
00:06:25,000 --> 00:06:26,833
across Nanking.
74
00:06:30,705 --> 00:06:34,407
In an orgy of violence, Japanese
soldiers brutalize the defeated
75
00:06:34,476 --> 00:06:36,342
Chinese.
76
00:06:50,425 --> 00:06:54,994
Chang Zhi Qiang watches in
horror as a Japanese soldier
77
00:06:55,063 --> 00:06:57,730
stabs his mother in the chest.
78
00:07:30,265 --> 00:07:33,933
NARRATOR: When the massacre
ends after six terrifying weeks,
79
00:07:34,002 --> 00:07:37,036
nearly two hundred thousand
corpses line on the streets
80
00:07:37,105 --> 00:07:38,505
of Nanking.
81
00:07:53,421 --> 00:07:55,889
In Washington, President
Roosevelt responds by cutting
82
00:07:55,957 --> 00:07:58,725
back trade with Japan.
83
00:07:58,793 --> 00:08:02,929
But the Japanese ignore the US
and keep expanding their empire.
84
00:08:05,333 --> 00:08:10,703
In January, 1938, US ambassador
to Germany William Dodd returns
85
00:08:10,772 --> 00:08:13,573
home and tries to sound the
alarm on the global threat
86
00:08:13,642 --> 00:08:15,475
posed by Hitler.
87
00:08:16,711 --> 00:08:19,245
William Dodd: Living in Europe
these days is profoundly
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00:08:19,314 --> 00:08:21,047
discouraging.
89
00:08:21,116 --> 00:08:25,385
Nazism and Fascism are
gaining ground everywhere.
90
00:08:25,453 --> 00:08:27,854
This is a world crisis.
91
00:08:27,923 --> 00:08:30,256
NARRATOR: Dodd's words
fall on deaf ears,
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00:08:30,325 --> 00:08:32,825
as most Americans would
rather turn a blind eye
93
00:08:32,894 --> 00:08:34,427
to Europe's problems.
94
00:09:11,199 --> 00:09:14,267
Armin Lehmann is a member
of the Hitler Youth,
95
00:09:14,336 --> 00:09:17,670
being groomed as a
future Aryan superman.
96
00:09:17,739 --> 00:09:20,239
He says he was completely
unaware of the mayhem taking
97
00:09:20,308 --> 00:09:23,843
place throughout the
expanding German empire.
98
00:09:23,912 --> 00:09:25,778
Armin Lehmann: People always
ask, you know,
99
00:09:25,847 --> 00:09:27,447
how could it have happened?'
100
00:09:27,515 --> 00:09:31,184
you must have seen the
trucks drive up and loading
101
00:09:31,252 --> 00:09:33,419
the Jewish people, et cetera.
102
00:09:33,488 --> 00:09:36,322
I lived in a Nazi
rent controlled area.
103
00:09:36,391 --> 00:09:39,058
There was not a
single Jewish family.
104
00:09:39,127 --> 00:09:43,262
You couldn't see what happened
to the people who were not
105
00:09:43,331 --> 00:09:45,898
in tune with the Nazis.
106
00:09:53,241 --> 00:09:55,842
NARRATOR: September, 1938.
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00:09:55,910 --> 00:10:00,313
European leaders
convene in Munich.
108
00:10:00,382 --> 00:10:05,318
They appease Hitler and let him
keep half of Czechoslovakia.
109
00:10:11,459 --> 00:10:12,925
Neville Chamberlain:
The settlement
110
00:10:12,994 --> 00:10:19,499
of the Czechoslovakian problem,
which has now been achieved is,
111
00:10:19,567 --> 00:10:26,773
in my view, only the prelude
to a larger settlement in which
112
00:10:26,841 --> 00:10:30,109
all Europe may find peace.
113
00:10:34,783 --> 00:10:37,750
NARRATOR: Just six months
later, Hitler thumbs his nose
114
00:10:37,819 --> 00:10:42,155
at the world and occupies what
is left of Czechoslovakia.
115
00:10:49,497 --> 00:10:54,467
Beginning in 1939 Jews under
Nazi control must wear arm bands
116
00:10:54,536 --> 00:11:02,275
identifying them as sub humans,
what Hitler calls Untermenschen.
117
00:11:10,485 --> 00:11:14,153
To the east, in Moscow, Soviet
Dictator Josef Stalin decides
118
00:11:14,222 --> 00:11:19,492
to join forces with Hitler, and
builds up a huge military force.
119
00:11:25,100 --> 00:11:28,968
Behind closed doors, the two
powers draw up plans to carve up
120
00:11:29,037 --> 00:11:30,737
Eastern Europe.
121
00:11:32,474 --> 00:11:35,308
Poland sits in the cross-hairs.
122
00:11:54,429 --> 00:11:57,964
The German war machine-the
infamous Wehrmacht-unleashes
123
00:11:58,032 --> 00:12:01,267
a Lightning War of
overwhelming speed and power.
124
00:12:01,336 --> 00:12:04,637
It's called Blitzkrieg.
125
00:12:07,442 --> 00:12:12,912
Fast moving tanks punch gaping
holes in the Polish front lines,
126
00:12:12,981 --> 00:12:15,581
while the German Air
force, the Luftwaffe,
127
00:12:15,650 --> 00:12:19,218
pummels the nation's
Capital, Warsaw.
128
00:12:57,725 --> 00:13:00,593
NARRATOR: Within days, France
and the British Empire
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00:13:00,662 --> 00:13:06,098
including India, Australia and
Canada declare war on Germany.
130
00:13:11,105 --> 00:13:12,505
Henry Starkman: We
were all very naïve,
131
00:13:12,574 --> 00:13:17,844
and we always thought the war
would last only a limited period
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00:13:17,912 --> 00:13:19,545
of time.
133
00:13:19,614 --> 00:13:21,848
After all we had
powerful allies,
134
00:13:21,916 --> 00:13:25,351
Great Britain and France and
they are going to make sure that
135
00:13:25,420 --> 00:13:27,987
the war doesn't last very long.
136
00:13:36,531 --> 00:13:38,931
NARRATOR: In fact, the Allies
have no intention of saving
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00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:42,435
Poland, and abandon
her to the enemy.
138
00:13:42,503 --> 00:13:45,471
Hitler's ally Stalin now
orders his army to join
139
00:13:45,540 --> 00:13:47,406
the Nazi invasion.
140
00:13:55,750 --> 00:14:00,152
In just four weeks, 66-thousand
Polish corpses litter
141
00:14:00,221 --> 00:14:01,988
the landscape.
142
00:14:04,259 --> 00:14:09,762
On September 27th,
Warsaw surrenders.
143
00:14:17,338 --> 00:14:21,474
British and French Armies mass
on Germany's Western border.
144
00:14:21,542 --> 00:14:25,978
In London, people wear gas
masks, anticipating an attack.
145
00:14:26,047 --> 00:14:29,415
But the Allies stand
down, and, once again,
146
00:14:29,484 --> 00:14:33,419
hope to avoid conflict
by doing nothing.
147
00:14:34,656 --> 00:14:39,158
London residents like Rick
Brown steel themselves for war.
148
00:14:39,227 --> 00:14:42,094
Instead he is surprised
at what follows.
149
00:14:42,163 --> 00:14:46,499
Rick Brown: There were times
during those early months,
150
00:14:46,567 --> 00:14:51,504
which we call the phony war
because nothing went on.
151
00:14:51,572 --> 00:14:55,608
And, we relaxed, the
home guard was disbanded,
152
00:14:55,677 --> 00:14:59,578
people came back
from being evacuated,
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00:14:59,647 --> 00:15:02,648
it was a very peculiar time.
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00:15:04,118 --> 00:15:08,354
NARRATOR: The phony war soon
yields to the real one.
155
00:15:16,255 --> 00:15:18,990
NARRATOR: To the South, along
their border with Germany,
156
00:15:19,058 --> 00:15:23,461
the French man a series of
forts called the Maginot Line.
157
00:15:23,529 --> 00:15:28,866
The defenses-supposedly
impenetrable-prove useless.
158
00:15:28,935 --> 00:15:32,470
The Germans simply bypass
them and streak into France.
159
00:15:35,975 --> 00:15:40,144
One more deadly thrust, and
Hitler will demand the surrender
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00:15:40,213 --> 00:15:43,114
of both France
and Great Britain.
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00:16:07,968 --> 00:16:10,435
Winston Churchill: You
ask, what is our policy?
162
00:16:10,504 --> 00:16:14,840
I will say: It is to wage
war, by sea, land and air,
163
00:16:14,909 --> 00:16:17,476
with all our might and
with all the strength that
164
00:16:17,544 --> 00:16:23,916
God can give us; to wage war
against a monstrous tyranny,
165
00:16:23,984 --> 00:16:27,619
never surpassed in the dark
and lamentable catalogue
166
00:16:27,688 --> 00:16:29,655
of human crime.
167
00:16:30,925 --> 00:16:33,025
That is our policy.
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00:16:42,169 --> 00:16:46,071
NARRATOR: By late May, 1940
hundreds of thousands of allied
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00:16:46,140 --> 00:16:51,710
troops huddle here near the
Northern French town of Dunkirk.
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00:16:51,779 --> 00:16:54,680
They're pinned down and
surrounded by the Wehrmacht,
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00:16:54,748 --> 00:16:58,016
their backs flush against
The English Channel.
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00:16:58,852 --> 00:17:00,686
Harry Garrett: It
is absolute chaos.
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00:17:00,754 --> 00:17:03,355
You could not believe
what a war is like,
174
00:17:03,424 --> 00:17:05,824
'till you see what
happened at Dunkirk.
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00:17:14,568 --> 00:17:18,270
NARRATOR: Harry Garrett is
one those trapped soldiers.
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00:17:18,339 --> 00:17:21,974
Harry Garrett: It was just
perpetual bombing, shelling,
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00:17:22,042 --> 00:17:28,380
strafing, and the-the sand dunes
where most of the boys were,
178
00:17:28,449 --> 00:17:30,849
as was all being
sprayed all day long.
179
00:17:32,553 --> 00:17:34,052
NARRATOR: Hitler
and his Luftwaffe commander
180
00:17:34,121 --> 00:17:38,023
Hermann Goring believe that
German air power alone
181
00:17:38,092 --> 00:17:41,793
will force a massive and
devastating Allied surrender.
182
00:17:44,865 --> 00:17:48,266
So just outside Dunkirk,
the Germans halt
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00:17:48,335 --> 00:17:50,102
their ground advance.
184
00:17:50,771 --> 00:17:53,905
Churchill seizes the moment,
calling on all British boat
185
00:17:53,974 --> 00:17:57,642
owners to help the Royal Navy
rescue the trapped soldiers.
186
00:18:00,781 --> 00:18:04,549
Over the course of nine days,
a ramshackle fleet of private
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00:18:04,618 --> 00:18:07,686
boats, as well as
Royal Navy vessels,
188
00:18:07,755 --> 00:18:10,989
rescues more than
330-thousand soldiers.
189
00:18:12,793 --> 00:18:14,893
Harry Garrett escapes
from Dunkirk on a small
190
00:18:14,962 --> 00:18:16,928
British destroyer.
191
00:18:21,101 --> 00:18:22,634
Harry Garrett: We rushed
onboard and we were lucky
192
00:18:22,703 --> 00:18:26,505
we're some of the last onboard,
I think there must have been
193
00:18:26,573 --> 00:18:29,107
about five-hundred,
four or five-hundred people
194
00:18:29,176 --> 00:18:31,610
on this destroyer, I mean
this is a destroyer!
195
00:18:31,678 --> 00:18:35,480
It was like a sardine can.
196
00:18:35,549 --> 00:18:39,484
I believe there were about
270 ships sunk in the harbor.
197
00:18:39,553 --> 00:18:41,987
That was so, so so sad.
198
00:18:42,056 --> 00:18:45,424
You saw destroyers laying over
the side and ships laying over
199
00:18:45,492 --> 00:18:46,892
the side.
200
00:18:46,960 --> 00:18:49,027
And then uh, away we went.
201
00:18:49,096 --> 00:18:53,498
Up to England it
was so peaceful.
202
00:18:55,102 --> 00:18:57,702
And there, were the
cliffs of Dover.
203
00:19:07,247 --> 00:19:09,448
I still feel that now.
204
00:19:12,419 --> 00:19:14,619
NARRATOR: Hitler's failure to
push the ground attack against
205
00:19:14,688 --> 00:19:20,459
the Allies at Dunkirk stuns
Luftwaffe Pilot Heinz Migeod.
206
00:19:20,527 --> 00:19:23,462
Heinz Migeod: I know that
our Generals were fuming.
207
00:19:23,530 --> 00:19:25,464
It was nonsense.
208
00:19:25,532 --> 00:19:31,870
We had allowed them to travel up
to Dunkirk so they could escape
209
00:19:31,939 --> 00:19:33,071
to England.
210
00:19:34,174 --> 00:19:35,941
NARRATOR: In the
aftermath of Dunkirk,
211
00:19:36,009 --> 00:19:39,544
Winston Churchill emerges
as the face and voice
212
00:19:39,613 --> 00:19:42,314
of British and Allied resolve.
213
00:19:42,382 --> 00:19:44,649
Winston Churchill: We
shall go on to the end.
214
00:19:44,718 --> 00:19:48,220
We shall fight in France,
we shall fight on the seas
215
00:19:48,288 --> 00:19:52,657
and oceans; we shall fight with
growing confidence and growing
216
00:19:52,726 --> 00:19:55,527
strength in the air.
217
00:19:55,596 --> 00:19:59,431
We shall defend our island
whatever the cost may be;
218
00:19:59,500 --> 00:20:02,801
we shall fight on beaches,
we shall fight on the landing
219
00:20:02,870 --> 00:20:07,472
grounds, we shall fight in the
fields, and in the streets,
220
00:20:07,541 --> 00:20:09,808
we shall fight on the the hills.
221
00:20:09,877 --> 00:20:12,010
We shall never surrender.
222
00:20:17,017 --> 00:20:21,019
NARRATOR: On June 10th, Italian
fascist leader Benito Mussolini
223
00:20:21,088 --> 00:20:25,090
throws in with the Nazis
and declares war on France.
224
00:20:34,868 --> 00:20:38,803
Four days later, German
troops march into Paris.
225
00:20:44,211 --> 00:20:46,778
Triumphant German soldiers
unfurl the swastika
226
00:20:46,847 --> 00:20:48,747
from the Eiffel Tower.
227
00:20:51,285 --> 00:20:54,519
And France surrenders to Hitler.
228
00:21:13,407 --> 00:21:16,107
The luftwaffe begins bombing
runs over the British coast
229
00:21:16,176 --> 00:21:17,842
and shipping convoys.
230
00:21:21,114 --> 00:21:24,082
Britain's Royal Air Force
alerted to impending attacks
231
00:21:24,151 --> 00:21:28,486
by a sophisticated new radar
network- takes to the sky.
232
00:21:28,555 --> 00:21:33,225
Including the deadly Hawker
Hurricane and the Supermarine
233
00:21:33,293 --> 00:21:34,759
Spitfire.
234
00:21:37,164 --> 00:21:40,665
From his secret underground
headquarters in London,
235
00:21:40,734 --> 00:21:43,902
Churchill runs the war
and rallies his troops.
236
00:21:46,740 --> 00:21:48,740
Winston Churchill: Let us
therefore brace ourselves to our
237
00:21:48,809 --> 00:21:54,913
duties, and for a thousand
years, men will still say,
238
00:21:54,982 --> 00:21:58,750
this was their finest hour.
239
00:22:04,992 --> 00:22:07,692
NARRATOR: Bob Foster and
Geoffrey Wellum are barely out
240
00:22:07,761 --> 00:22:10,428
of flight training when they're
ordered to protect the skies
241
00:22:10,497 --> 00:22:13,265
from the invading Luftwaffe.
242
00:22:13,333 --> 00:22:16,935
Bob Foster: We were, I
hesitate to say, the amateurs,
243
00:22:17,004 --> 00:22:19,771
but we were, compared
to the Germans,
244
00:22:19,840 --> 00:22:22,507
a crowd of chaps pulled
together at the last minute.
245
00:22:22,576 --> 00:22:23,875
With a desire to fly.
246
00:22:23,944 --> 00:22:27,178
To protect the country.
247
00:22:27,247 --> 00:22:29,314
Geoffrey Wellum: You then
looked at it and thought,
248
00:22:29,383 --> 00:22:32,083
Good God, what are
they doing over here?
249
00:22:32,152 --> 00:22:34,386
Where do we start
on this slaughter?
250
00:22:34,454 --> 00:22:35,553
What do you do?
251
00:22:35,622 --> 00:22:37,689
There's only one thing to
do, it's go straight in.
252
00:22:37,758 --> 00:22:41,259
Have a quick squirt
and then away.
253
00:22:41,328 --> 00:22:43,361
Get down and think, God,
I got away with that one.
254
00:22:43,430 --> 00:22:45,363
Let's go back and do it again.
255
00:22:47,134 --> 00:22:49,167
And it was only after you
finished you thought, Whoa,
256
00:22:49,236 --> 00:22:52,337
blymie, this is, this
is bloody dangerous!
257
00:22:57,477 --> 00:22:58,143
Charles Gardner: You
can hear our own guns,
258
00:22:58,211 --> 00:22:59,944
going like anything now.
259
00:23:00,013 --> 00:23:03,081
Somebody's hit a German and he's
coming down in a long streak,
260
00:23:03,150 --> 00:23:06,284
he coming down completely out of
control, a long streak of smoke.
261
00:23:06,353 --> 00:23:11,056
Ah! There, you can hear our
anti-aircraft going at them now.
262
00:23:11,124 --> 00:23:12,891
There are one, two,
three, four, five, six
263
00:23:12,959 --> 00:23:15,327
there are about ten German
machines dive-bombing the
264
00:23:15,395 --> 00:23:18,830
British convoy, which is just
out to sea in the Channel.
265
00:23:21,768 --> 00:23:24,936
NARRATOR: Then, on
September 7th, 1940,
266
00:23:25,005 --> 00:23:28,640
the Nazis begin terror
attacks-indiscriminate bombing
267
00:23:28,709 --> 00:23:33,345
of England's
civilian population.
268
00:23:33,413 --> 00:23:38,083
Londoners have a word
for it: the blitz.
269
00:23:50,914 --> 00:23:54,649
In September 1940, the
Luftwaffe begins the merciless
270
00:23:54,718 --> 00:23:58,319
bombing of London and
its civilian population.
271
00:24:01,892 --> 00:24:05,593
RICK BROWN: By and large,
people were very fatalistic,
272
00:24:05,662 --> 00:24:08,163
what can we do?
273
00:24:08,231 --> 00:24:11,866
If there's one up there with
my name on it, that's it.
274
00:24:14,438 --> 00:24:17,305
NARRATOR: Before it's over,
nearly 40,000 men women
275
00:24:17,374 --> 00:24:19,841
and children will be dead.
276
00:24:19,910 --> 00:24:22,711
Not just in London, but
throughout England.
277
00:24:24,181 --> 00:24:26,681
Rick Brown: It was up
close and personal.
278
00:24:26,750 --> 00:24:32,353
Very much so....when
you're 16, 17,
279
00:24:32,422 --> 00:24:39,828
and you're asked to help
out in the docks of London,
280
00:24:39,896 --> 00:24:48,269
which were devastated, lots of
casualties, bodies lying around.
281
00:24:48,338 --> 00:24:50,305
NARRATOR: Rick Brown is a
teenage member of the British
282
00:24:50,373 --> 00:24:52,273
Home guard.
283
00:24:52,342 --> 00:24:57,011
His job is to assist with the
rescue and recovery teams.
284
00:24:57,080 --> 00:25:00,381
Rick Brown: Immediate
impressions are the ones
285
00:25:00,450 --> 00:25:02,050
that stay.
286
00:25:02,119 --> 00:25:07,155
I don't really believe that
any of us young kids realized
287
00:25:07,224 --> 00:25:10,058
the enormity of
what was happening.
288
00:25:15,599 --> 00:25:18,166
NARRATOR: German aircraft
relentlessly blast London and
289
00:25:18,235 --> 00:25:21,669
other cities, but the British
fighters strike back hard.
290
00:25:21,738 --> 00:25:24,873
And inflict enormous casualties.
291
00:25:24,941 --> 00:25:28,610
After weeks of stunning losses,
Hitler realizes his Luftwaffe
292
00:25:28,678 --> 00:25:31,479
alone cannot beat the British.
293
00:25:31,548 --> 00:25:34,048
And while the blitz continues,
Hitler begins to turn
294
00:25:34,117 --> 00:25:37,652
his attention on his
supposed ally, Russia.
295
00:25:44,694 --> 00:25:48,663
In September, 1940, Japan,
Italy and Germany sign
296
00:25:48,732 --> 00:25:54,369
the tripartite pact and
forge the so-called Axis powers.
297
00:25:54,437 --> 00:25:58,840
Their goal, quite simply,
is to rule the world.
298
00:25:58,909 --> 00:26:01,743
And they seem well on their way.
299
00:26:01,812 --> 00:26:06,648
In the summer of 1941, President
Roosevelt takes his biggest step
300
00:26:06,716 --> 00:26:10,952
yet to counter the axis: the US
embargoes all metal shipments
301
00:26:11,021 --> 00:26:14,689
and oil deliveries to
the Japanese Empire.
302
00:26:15,425 --> 00:26:17,859
The move cripples the
Empire's industry,
303
00:26:17,928 --> 00:26:21,996
and Japan now sees few
options except war.
304
00:26:23,500 --> 00:26:26,801
JAMES ROOSEVELT Jr: We Americans
were looking at a threat
305
00:26:26,870 --> 00:26:30,538
in Europe and a threat
in the Pacific.
306
00:26:30,607 --> 00:26:34,843
There was always the hope that
the oceans would protect us
307
00:26:34,911 --> 00:26:38,079
on either side, but I don't
think my grandfather ever
308
00:26:38,148 --> 00:26:40,381
believed you could rely on that.
309
00:26:43,053 --> 00:26:46,354
NARRATOR: Instead FDR prepares
for the oceans to become
310
00:26:46,423 --> 00:26:47,956
battlefields.
311
00:26:53,263 --> 00:26:59,500
On June 22nd, 1941 one brutal
Dictator double crosses another,
312
00:26:59,569 --> 00:27:03,071
as Adolph Hitler breaks his
treaty with Josef Stalin
313
00:27:03,139 --> 00:27:06,107
and invades the Soviet Union.
314
00:27:06,176 --> 00:27:10,378
A vast army of 3 million German
troops unleashes a torrent
315
00:27:10,447 --> 00:27:12,413
of death and destruction.
316
00:27:15,118 --> 00:27:19,921
In the North, the Germans
lay siege here at Leningrad
317
00:27:19,990 --> 00:27:22,357
and pound it into rubble.
318
00:27:26,162 --> 00:27:29,397
Food supplies quickly dry up.
319
00:27:29,466 --> 00:27:33,067
As the Russian winter sweeps in,
the city's survivors are forced
320
00:27:33,136 --> 00:27:35,737
into desperate measures.
321
00:27:38,241 --> 00:27:40,675
Inna Strelnikova: There were
so many dead bodies out there.
322
00:27:40,744 --> 00:27:44,612
And other people would rush to
the bodies like scavenger birds,
323
00:27:44,681 --> 00:27:46,414
and they stripped
them off clothes...
324
00:27:46,483 --> 00:27:49,717
and they also cut flesh,
made ground meat out of it
325
00:27:49,786 --> 00:27:52,887
and sold it
or they ate it themselves.
326
00:27:54,391 --> 00:27:58,693
But those who ate it
ended up going insane.
327
00:28:07,003 --> 00:28:09,771
NARRATOR: Further South, German
troops battle to within fifteen
328
00:28:09,839 --> 00:28:13,374
miles of the Capital, Moscow.
329
00:28:16,413 --> 00:28:21,582
But temperatures
descend to 25 below.
330
00:28:21,651 --> 00:28:26,521
Weapons will not fire, and
soldiers freeze to death.
331
00:28:29,426 --> 00:28:32,560
In early December, with
Hitler's armies withering,
332
00:28:32,629 --> 00:28:36,364
the Soviets launch a
vicious counterattack.
333
00:28:37,167 --> 00:28:40,702
For the first time in the
war, the Germans retreat.
334
00:28:40,770 --> 00:28:42,904
Moscow is saved.
335
00:29:01,624 --> 00:29:04,025
The Naval base at
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii,
336
00:29:04,094 --> 00:29:07,462
houses the bulk of
America's Pacific fleet.
337
00:29:07,530 --> 00:29:11,933
130 vessels rest on
the placid waters.
338
00:29:12,002 --> 00:29:15,970
390 aircraft park on
adjacent airfields.
339
00:29:21,244 --> 00:29:27,415
Sailors and pilots enjoy the
hospitality of nearby Honolulu,
340
00:29:27,484 --> 00:29:31,953
as the first Sunday in December,
1941 dawns with light breezes
341
00:29:32,022 --> 00:29:33,988
and clear skies.
342
00:29:37,961 --> 00:29:40,795
Sen. Daniel Inouye: The first
thing I heard was music
343
00:29:40,864 --> 00:29:43,031
and the disc jockey...
344
00:29:43,099 --> 00:29:46,134
NARRATOR: Daniel Inouye-a 17
year old high school student
345
00:29:46,202 --> 00:29:50,938
living on Oahu- sits at
home listening to the radio.
346
00:30:02,152 --> 00:30:03,584
Sen. Daniel Inouye: I didn't
know what he was talking about;
347
00:30:03,653 --> 00:30:06,354
I thought it was just
part of the show.
348
00:30:06,423 --> 00:30:09,657
So I called my father,
and we looked out there.
349
00:30:09,726 --> 00:30:14,562
And then three planes came
up, flying back from a run,
350
00:30:14,631 --> 00:30:19,667
gray with red sun
drop dots on the wing,
351
00:30:19,736 --> 00:30:22,070
then I knew war was on.
352
00:30:27,977 --> 00:30:32,313
NARRATOR: At 7:48 AM, the
first of over 350 Japanese
353
00:30:32,382 --> 00:30:36,217
dive-bombers, fighters and
torpedo planes sweep out
354
00:30:36,286 --> 00:30:38,286
of the Hawaiian sky.
355
00:30:41,891 --> 00:30:46,194
Some target the airfields where
planes, parked wing to wing,
356
00:30:46,262 --> 00:30:48,830
are blasted into oblivion.
357
00:30:53,770 --> 00:30:56,771
Others head to battleship row.
358
00:31:17,152 --> 00:31:19,052
Don Stratton: We could see that
torpedo planes come up
359
00:31:19,121 --> 00:31:21,121
and peel off you could pretty
much reach out and touch them;
360
00:31:21,190 --> 00:31:23,457
we could see em in the planes
when the dive bombers were
361
00:31:23,525 --> 00:31:26,593
hitting us, strafing us.
362
00:31:34,336 --> 00:31:38,271
NARRATOR: At Pearl Harbor, Don
Stratton and Clint Westbrook are
363
00:31:38,340 --> 00:31:42,943
aboard the USS Arizona when an
enemy bomb penetrates the deck
364
00:31:43,011 --> 00:31:46,113
and hits the ship's ammo dump.
365
00:31:57,226 --> 00:31:59,860
Don Stratton: We felt that,
it shook the whole ship,
366
00:31:59,928 --> 00:32:03,396
and then the ship exploded, then
we were caught in a ball of
367
00:32:03,465 --> 00:32:08,268
flame that went about four,
five hundred feet in the air.
368
00:32:14,143 --> 00:32:16,510
Clint Westbrook: All I remember
is suddenly you see the whole
369
00:32:16,578 --> 00:32:19,212
front of the ship disappear.
370
00:32:19,281 --> 00:32:22,782
And then it was blank after
that because we were picked up,
371
00:32:22,851 --> 00:32:25,552
spun around, dropped
and everything else.
372
00:32:34,196 --> 00:32:37,097
NARRATOR: For two hours, the
Japanese air squadrons hammer
373
00:32:37,166 --> 00:32:38,798
Pearl Harbor.
374
00:32:42,771 --> 00:32:47,174
At 9:45AM, the
attack finally ends.
375
00:32:48,443 --> 00:32:52,913
The local hospitals overflow
with the human carnage.
376
00:32:52,981 --> 00:32:56,850
Japanese-American teenager
Daniel Inouye is a volunteer
377
00:32:56,919 --> 00:32:59,619
assisting in the grisly cleanup.
378
00:32:59,688 --> 00:33:03,156
Senator Dan Inouye: I saw
this body that was left over,
379
00:33:03,225 --> 00:33:11,031
no head, I got myself a
box, put the parts in a box.
380
00:33:11,099 --> 00:33:15,902
The father came back, he was out
doing some work, and he says,
381
00:33:15,971 --> 00:33:19,606
I want to see my wife, and they
told me my wife is wounded.
382
00:33:19,675 --> 00:33:21,975
And I told the man in
charge, the doctor, I said;
383
00:33:22,044 --> 00:33:24,177
don't show it to him.
384
00:33:24,246 --> 00:33:27,948
Well, he has the
right to see his wife.
385
00:33:28,016 --> 00:33:31,851
Okay. So he went into the
morgue, I opened the box,
386
00:33:31,920 --> 00:33:36,590
he looked at that, he screamed
and spent the rest of his life
387
00:33:36,658 --> 00:33:39,392
in the insane asylum.
388
00:33:43,865 --> 00:33:47,267
NARRATOR: The sneak attack
destroys 188 aircraft,
389
00:33:47,336 --> 00:33:51,905
sinks four battleships
and three destroyers.
390
00:33:53,108 --> 00:33:57,210
Almost every US ship
suffers some damage.
391
00:33:58,914 --> 00:34:02,215
But luckily, the all important
fleet of aircraft carriers
392
00:34:02,284 --> 00:34:04,284
are out to sea.
393
00:34:07,823 --> 00:34:10,857
When the Arizona sinks to
the bottom of the harbor,
394
00:34:10,926 --> 00:34:18,932
it takes 1102 trapped and
drowned seamen with it.
395
00:34:19,001 --> 00:34:24,271
The next day, the United
States Congress declares war.
396
00:34:26,208 --> 00:34:34,514
President Roosevelt:
Yesterday, December 7th, 1941
397
00:34:34,583 --> 00:34:42,622
a date which will live in infamy
the United States of America
398
00:34:42,691 --> 00:34:46,926
was suddenly and deliberately
attacked by naval
399
00:34:46,995 --> 00:34:52,065
and air forces of
the Empire of Japan.
400
00:34:52,134 --> 00:34:58,872
Always will our whole nation
remember the character
401
00:34:58,940 --> 00:35:02,175
of the onslaught against us.
402
00:35:02,244 --> 00:35:08,214
No matter how long it may take
us to overcome this premeditated
403
00:35:08,283 --> 00:35:14,087
invasion, the American people in
their righteous might will win
404
00:35:14,156 --> 00:35:17,657
through to absolute victory.
405
00:35:24,365 --> 00:35:27,099
NARRATOR: Within 24 hours
of attacking Pearl Harbor,
406
00:35:27,168 --> 00:35:32,604
the Japanese also strike Hong
Kong, Guam, the Philippines,
407
00:35:32,673 --> 00:35:36,475
Wake Island and Midway Island.
408
00:35:37,978 --> 00:35:42,548
On December 11th, Adolph Hitler
declares war on the U.S.,
409
00:35:42,616 --> 00:35:46,652
officially drawing America
into the European conflict.
410
00:35:48,222 --> 00:35:50,289
LT. Buck Compton: Everything
sort of starts with
411
00:35:50,358 --> 00:35:52,858
Pearl Harbor,right
after that happened,
412
00:35:52,927 --> 00:35:56,061
Well you know if you see an
able-bodied guy with two arms
413
00:35:56,130 --> 00:36:00,532
and two legs, uh, of the right
age without a uniform on,
414
00:36:00,601 --> 00:36:05,537
I'd wonder what was wrong; what
was wrong with you, you know?
415
00:36:05,606 --> 00:36:08,774
Benjamin Cooper: I couldn't
wait to get into the service
416
00:36:08,843 --> 00:36:11,477
to do something to stop Hitler.
417
00:36:11,545 --> 00:36:14,413
He was really gobbling up a
lotta countries and he had
418
00:36:14,482 --> 00:36:16,315
to be stopped.
419
00:36:21,789 --> 00:36:26,125
NARRATOR: At a conference in
January 1942 outside Berlin,
420
00:36:26,193 --> 00:36:29,628
the Nazis establish their
so-called Final Solution
421
00:36:29,697 --> 00:36:32,531
for dealing with enemies
of the Aryan race.
422
00:36:32,600 --> 00:36:35,000
This document from the
conference catalogues
423
00:36:35,069 --> 00:36:40,472
11-million Jews from 31
Countries to be killed.
424
00:36:40,541 --> 00:36:43,175
The Nazis build three
types of facilities.
425
00:36:43,244 --> 00:36:46,445
Concentration camps house
Nazi enemies and are located
426
00:36:46,514 --> 00:36:47,980
in Germany.
427
00:36:48,048 --> 00:36:51,417
Slave labor camps imprison
civilians in Nazi-occupied
428
00:36:51,485 --> 00:36:54,219
territory.
429
00:36:54,288 --> 00:36:58,424
Extermination camps-mostly in
Poland-are designated to kill
430
00:36:58,492 --> 00:37:02,261
as many Jews as
quickly as possible.
431
00:37:03,931 --> 00:37:06,298
These camps include medical
laboratories to perform
432
00:37:06,367 --> 00:37:11,170
horrifying experiments
on the prisoners
433
00:37:11,238 --> 00:37:14,606
As well as data centers
to track the results.
434
00:37:35,529 --> 00:37:40,499
Thomas Griffin: They sent
our group down east to talk
435
00:37:40,568 --> 00:37:43,035
with Jimmy Doolittle.
436
00:37:43,103 --> 00:37:45,337
NARRATOR: Pilot Thomas
Griffin trains in Columbia,
437
00:37:45,406 --> 00:37:48,907
South Carolina where Lieutenant
Colonel Jimmy Doolittle comes
438
00:37:48,976 --> 00:37:51,877
looking for volunteers.
439
00:37:51,946 --> 00:37:53,712
Thomas Griffin: Doolittle came
and said that we were gonna
440
00:37:53,781 --> 00:37:57,316
train to take these B25
Mitchell bombers off the deck
441
00:37:57,384 --> 00:37:58,350
of a carrier.
442
00:37:58,419 --> 00:38:00,252
We're gonna go
across the Pacific,
443
00:38:00,321 --> 00:38:02,721
and bomb targets in Japan.
444
00:38:02,790 --> 00:38:05,090
And that's the
first we knew of it.
445
00:38:05,159 --> 00:38:08,694
NARRATOR: In April 1942,
Doolittle leads his pack
446
00:38:08,762 --> 00:38:13,532
of 16 B-25 bombers as they
prepare to launch here,
447
00:38:13,601 --> 00:38:17,035
from the deck of the USS Hornet.
448
00:38:17,104 --> 00:38:21,507
The carrier closes to within 650
miles of Japan when an enemy
449
00:38:21,575 --> 00:38:25,043
patrol boat spots the Americans
and relays their position
450
00:38:25,112 --> 00:38:26,144
to Tokyo.
451
00:38:28,871 --> 00:38:32,039
Doolittle's cover is blown.
452
00:38:32,108 --> 00:38:35,976
His next decision changes
the face of the war.
453
00:38:42,297 --> 00:38:46,114
Without hesitation.
Doolittle, Choses to go all in.
454
00:38:47,969 --> 00:38:52,219
On this aircraft carrier,
he orders his raid on Tokyo.
455
00:38:54,029 --> 00:38:55,274
Thomas Griffin: Jimmy
Doolittle, of course,
456
00:38:55,343 --> 00:38:56,909
flew the first airplane off.
457
00:38:56,978 --> 00:39:01,113
Now it was a very stormy
morning, high seas.
458
00:39:01,182 --> 00:39:03,783
So, we were very fortunate
on that short takeoff,
459
00:39:03,851 --> 00:39:08,054
four hundred feet that all of us
stayed on the deck and got off.
460
00:39:11,492 --> 00:39:14,460
NARRATOR: Doolittle's bombers
reach Tokyo at high noon.
461
00:39:28,309 --> 00:39:30,076
Thomas Griffin: The target
that we had was a factory
462
00:39:30,144 --> 00:39:32,178
making tanks.
463
00:39:32,247 --> 00:39:35,281
Right on Tokyo Bay and
our plane did not hit
464
00:39:35,350 --> 00:39:36,949
that assigned target.
465
00:39:37,018 --> 00:39:40,753
We hit its immediate neighbor,
Tokyo Gas and Electric Company,
466
00:39:40,822 --> 00:39:42,888
and flattened it.
467
00:39:44,792 --> 00:39:49,128
NARRATOR: But the early launch
burns through the raider's fuel,
468
00:39:49,197 --> 00:39:53,399
and some of the B-25's begin
to fall into the Pacific.
469
00:39:56,070 --> 00:39:57,536
LT. GEN. Jimmy Doolittle:
Two people were drowned,
470
00:39:57,605 --> 00:40:00,006
eight of them, got ashore.
471
00:40:00,074 --> 00:40:02,908
NARRATOR: Most of Doolittle's
raiders make it to China,
472
00:40:02,977 --> 00:40:06,078
but crash well short
of their objectives.
473
00:40:06,147 --> 00:40:07,980
LT. GEN. JIMMY DOOLITTLE: We
flew on till we got to where
474
00:40:08,049 --> 00:40:12,118
we thought we were as close as
we could get to where we wanted
475
00:40:12,186 --> 00:40:17,290
to go... we weren't precisely
there, and then we all jumped.
476
00:40:18,526 --> 00:40:22,795
NARRATOR: The damage
in Tokyo is negligible,
477
00:40:22,864 --> 00:40:26,565
but the Doolittle operation
delivers a huge boost
478
00:40:26,634 --> 00:40:29,302
to a demoralized
American public.
479
00:40:29,370 --> 00:40:31,070
THOMAS GRIFFIN: Everything
was going the other way.
480
00:40:31,139 --> 00:40:33,139
All bad news.
481
00:40:33,207 --> 00:40:37,276
down in North Africa, Rommel was
driving the British back towards
482
00:40:37,345 --> 00:40:40,379
Cairo, and they were sinking
our ships in the Atlantic,
483
00:40:40,448 --> 00:40:44,317
submarines, wholesale.
484
00:40:44,385 --> 00:40:48,387
In the Pacific, things were
even worse after Pearl Harbor.
485
00:40:48,456 --> 00:40:52,358
Everything was bad
news on our side,
486
00:40:52,427 --> 00:40:56,529
until our little mission
of bombing Tokyo.
487
00:41:11,112 --> 00:41:13,813
NARRATOR: Allied forces in the
Philippines are no match for the
488
00:41:13,881 --> 00:41:16,849
battle-tested Japanese invaders.
489
00:41:18,786 --> 00:41:22,088
Even so, the American and
Filippino troops hold out
490
00:41:22,156 --> 00:41:26,325
for four months during the
bloody battle of Bataan.
491
00:41:40,575 --> 00:41:45,010
In early April, 1942,
75-thousand starving,
492
00:41:45,079 --> 00:41:49,014
disease- ridden soldiers
finally surrender.
493
00:41:49,917 --> 00:41:51,751
Col. Samuel Grashio: From that
time, they marched a distance
494
00:41:51,819 --> 00:41:55,354
of approximately 140 miles.
495
00:41:55,423 --> 00:41:57,823
NARRATOR: Among the POW's
is US Army Air Force
496
00:41:57,892 --> 00:42:02,194
Captain Samuel Grashio,
a survivor of what becomes known
497
00:42:02,263 --> 00:42:05,464
as the Bataan Death March.
498
00:42:05,533 --> 00:42:08,634
Col. Samuel Grashio: En route,
many Americans were bayoneted,
499
00:42:08,703 --> 00:42:12,304
and run over by
Japanese equipment.
500
00:42:12,373 --> 00:42:16,709
They were not only starved
to death, and wanted water,
501
00:42:16,778 --> 00:42:20,513
but were beaten up.
502
00:42:20,581 --> 00:42:23,783
NARRATOR: In temperatures
approaching 100 degrees
503
00:42:23,851 --> 00:42:27,853
the Japanese force the
prisoners to bake in the sun.
504
00:42:28,289 --> 00:42:29,522
Capt. Samuel Grashio: They used
to gather the American
505
00:42:29,590 --> 00:42:34,560
and Filipino troops in the
rays of the tropic sun.
506
00:42:34,629 --> 00:42:38,164
Many of the boys suffering from
malaria were forced to sit there
507
00:42:38,232 --> 00:42:41,700
for hours consuming the sun.
508
00:42:41,769 --> 00:42:44,470
Many of them were bareheaded due
to the fact that the Japanese
509
00:42:44,539 --> 00:42:48,674
soldiers in their cruelty took
the hats away from the Americans
510
00:42:48,743 --> 00:42:50,543
and just threw them away.
511
00:42:50,611 --> 00:42:53,679
This treatment was one of the
tortures which is upper most
512
00:42:53,748 --> 00:42:58,818
in my mind, a torture which
I'll never be able to forget.
513
00:42:58,886 --> 00:43:02,388
NARRATOR: After five days, the
first of the marchers arrive
514
00:43:02,457 --> 00:43:05,624
at an abandoned
military outpost.
515
00:43:05,693 --> 00:43:08,060
Here, the tourture continues.
516
00:43:08,129 --> 00:43:11,831
It includes the beheadings of
American and Filipino soldiers.
517
00:43:13,034 --> 00:43:15,468
Col. Samuel Grashio: I saw the
most horrible incidents which a
518
00:43:15,536 --> 00:43:19,738
person would have to experience
themselves before they would
519
00:43:19,807 --> 00:43:22,107
believe me.
520
00:43:22,176 --> 00:43:27,680
I hate to think of the many
Americans and Filipinos who will
521
00:43:27,748 --> 00:43:33,586
never get back, to tell the
torture that was given to them
522
00:43:33,654 --> 00:43:36,722
before God blessed
them with death.
523
00:43:44,765 --> 00:43:46,999
NARRATOR: The Japanese Empire
now spreads across much of
524
00:43:47,068 --> 00:43:52,004
East Asia, and the threat to
Australia grows by the day.
525
00:43:52,073 --> 00:43:55,307
The Allies need Australia
as a base of operations,
526
00:43:55,376 --> 00:44:00,112
and Japan hopes to isolate her
by cutting her shipping lanes.
527
00:44:00,181 --> 00:44:03,749
To accomplish the mission,
Tokyo organizes a large force
528
00:44:03,818 --> 00:44:06,385
to occupy the Coral Sea.
529
00:44:08,089 --> 00:44:11,023
But Admiral Chester Nimitz,
Commander of the US Pacific
530
00:44:11,092 --> 00:44:15,361
Ocean area, operates with
a remarkable advantage:
531
00:44:15,429 --> 00:44:19,164
US intelligence operators
crack the Japanese Naval code
532
00:44:19,233 --> 00:44:22,234
and intercept enemy orders.
533
00:44:22,303 --> 00:44:25,538
Nimitz now knows that a huge
Japanese fleet is steaming
534
00:44:25,606 --> 00:44:27,806
into the Coral Sea.
535
00:44:27,875 --> 00:44:32,177
The American commander boldly
counters force with force.
536
00:44:53,334 --> 00:44:55,534
SGT. Meyer Levin: Well, we
spotted fifteen ships
537
00:44:55,603 --> 00:44:59,138
in the Coral Sea heading south.
538
00:44:59,206 --> 00:45:03,208
There were four of
us, Flying Fortresses.
539
00:45:03,277 --> 00:45:05,144
NARRATOR: After his
bombs fail to drop,
540
00:45:05,212 --> 00:45:09,148
Bombardier Meyer Levin convinces
his pilot to make another run.
541
00:45:09,216 --> 00:45:13,652
He spots a Japanese transport
ship filled with infantry.
542
00:45:13,721 --> 00:45:15,187
SGT. Meyer Levin: They were
throwing up just as much ak-ak
543
00:45:15,256 --> 00:45:19,158
as I had ever seen
at one time in my life.
544
00:45:19,226 --> 00:45:22,127
Well, let my eggs
go, eight 500s,
545
00:45:22,196 --> 00:45:24,630
spaced them all around the bow.
546
00:45:24,699 --> 00:45:26,832
I believe I probably sunk her .
547
00:45:36,043 --> 00:45:38,611
NARRATOR: After five
days of intense fighting,
548
00:45:38,679 --> 00:45:40,846
both sides withdraw.
549
00:45:43,818 --> 00:45:46,952
Japanese Commander Yamamoto
believes the US Navy is now
550
00:45:47,021 --> 00:45:48,520
on the ropes.
551
00:45:48,589 --> 00:45:53,125
He dispatches nearly his entire
fleet to assault Midway Island,
552
00:45:53,194 --> 00:45:57,062
a critical steppingstone
on the way to Hawaii.
553
00:45:57,131 --> 00:45:58,831
Mac Showers: There was
some debate as to what
554
00:45:58,899 --> 00:46:01,467
their target was.
555
00:46:01,535 --> 00:46:04,203
NARRATOR: Mac Showers toils as
a code breaker in a basement
556
00:46:04,271 --> 00:46:06,605
at Pearl Harbor.
557
00:46:06,674 --> 00:46:09,508
Mac Showers: People Washington
felt that such a large Japanese
558
00:46:09,577 --> 00:46:14,780
operation would not go to
such a small island as Midway.
559
00:46:14,849 --> 00:46:17,149
NARRATOR: But Mac and his fellow
code breakers at Pearl Harbor
560
00:46:17,218 --> 00:46:20,052
are certain that
midway is the target.
561
00:46:20,121 --> 00:46:23,055
They need proof. And fast.
562
00:46:23,891 --> 00:46:26,425
They devise a scheme to send
a fake message to smoke out
563
00:46:26,494 --> 00:46:28,293
the Japanese.
564
00:46:29,497 --> 00:46:31,597
Mac Showers: We proposed
that we send a message,
565
00:46:31,666 --> 00:46:34,500
to the commanding officer
of our base at Midway,
566
00:46:34,568 --> 00:46:37,102
so it would be sure to be
seen and read and understood
567
00:46:37,171 --> 00:46:39,738
by the Japanese.
568
00:46:39,807 --> 00:46:42,808
NARRATOR: The Japanese pick up
the fake communication and radio
569
00:46:42,877 --> 00:46:46,345
new orders to the fleet, which
Mac Showers and his team
570
00:46:46,414 --> 00:46:48,547
intercept and decode.
571
00:46:48,616 --> 00:46:52,284
The message pinpoints Midway
as the target of the Japanese
572
00:46:52,353 --> 00:46:53,619
assault.
573
00:46:53,688 --> 00:46:54,853
Mac Showers: We knew
it would be Midway,
574
00:46:54,922 --> 00:46:58,123
and that settled the
dispute with Washington.
575
00:47:01,262 --> 00:47:04,797
NARRATOR: As June begins, the
Japanese steam toward Midway,
576
00:47:04,865 --> 00:47:08,667
unaware they are sailing
right into a trap.
577
00:47:30,400 --> 00:47:33,034
Sumner Whitten: Bombs landing
on either side of the runway;
578
00:47:33,103 --> 00:47:35,871
The Japanese didn't want to bomb
the runways because they wanted
579
00:47:35,939 --> 00:47:37,806
to use them.
580
00:47:37,875 --> 00:47:40,742
So they were bombing
the ammo dumps and uh,
581
00:47:40,811 --> 00:47:43,645
fuel dump and the mess halls.
582
00:47:43,714 --> 00:47:46,615
NARRATOR: Returning planes crowd
the decks of Japanese air craft
583
00:47:46,683 --> 00:47:48,016
carriers.
584
00:47:48,085 --> 00:47:51,386
Admiral Yamamoto is unaware
that US carriers tipped off
585
00:47:51,455 --> 00:47:55,490
by American code
breakers lurk nearby.
586
00:47:57,427 --> 00:48:00,328
Suddenly, waves of planes
launched from the American
587
00:48:00,397 --> 00:48:03,498
carriers fill the sky.
588
00:48:34,731 --> 00:48:36,765
Second day we hit the carriers.
589
00:48:36,833 --> 00:48:39,634
Any luck with them? Oh,
yes. socked em right in there!
590
00:48:46,143 --> 00:48:50,045
NARRATOR: The Japanese still
manage to blast 147 US aircraft
591
00:48:50,113 --> 00:48:51,746
out of the sky.
592
00:48:59,256 --> 00:49:03,091
But the Americans sink four
enemy aircraft carriers,
593
00:49:03,160 --> 00:49:06,428
throwing the Japanese navy on
the defensive for the first time
594
00:49:06,496 --> 00:49:08,129
in the war.
595
00:49:46,737 --> 00:49:50,772
In one day on Guadalcanal, the
Marines seize the landing area
596
00:49:50,841 --> 00:49:54,209
and rename it Henderson Field.
597
00:49:54,277 --> 00:49:57,112
Platoon Sergeant Ned Steele
is taken aback by the ease
598
00:49:57,180 --> 00:49:58,913
of the mission.
599
00:49:58,982 --> 00:50:00,515
Ned Steele: It was
a piece of cake.
600
00:50:00,584 --> 00:50:02,384
Course that didn't
last very long,
601
00:50:09,926 --> 00:50:15,330
we were unpleasantly surprised
when we did finally meet
602
00:50:15,399 --> 00:50:19,701
Jap resistance and found
out just what they were.
603
00:50:19,770 --> 00:50:21,903
They were barbarians, uh; they
didn't have any code of honor
604
00:50:21,972 --> 00:50:22,337
at all.
605
00:50:34,151 --> 00:50:36,184
NARRATOR: Steele's opinion
hardens when he comes across
606
00:50:36,253 --> 00:50:39,087
his first Marine casualty.
607
00:50:39,156 --> 00:50:42,924
Ned Steele: We ran across
him laying in the trail.
608
00:50:42,993 --> 00:50:48,630
They had cut his head off, had
his arms folded and his head was
609
00:50:48,699 --> 00:50:51,533
sitting on his chest.
610
00:50:51,601 --> 00:50:54,436
They'd cut his penis off
and stuck it in his mouth.
611
00:51:00,110 --> 00:51:01,609
I gotta take a break.
612
00:51:16,927 --> 00:51:19,327
NARRATOR: For the next three
months the Marines battle across
613
00:51:19,396 --> 00:51:21,229
the jungle island.
614
00:51:29,406 --> 00:51:33,108
The action ranges from small,
vicious firefights to large
615
00:51:33,176 --> 00:51:35,009
scale attacks.
616
00:51:35,078 --> 00:51:37,479
The conditions are appalling.
617
00:51:38,515 --> 00:51:41,850
Jay Mcgee: a lot of people
that got sick, malaria,
618
00:51:41,918 --> 00:51:45,186
dysentery, tropical
ulcers, all kinds....
619
00:51:45,255 --> 00:51:47,088
and that's what killed us.
620
00:51:47,157 --> 00:51:49,991
You couldn't cure a lot of
things in the tropics there
621
00:51:50,060 --> 00:51:53,161
unless you got out
of the tropics.
622
00:51:53,230 --> 00:51:57,732
Ned Steele: There wasn't one
day or one hour that you weren't
623
00:51:57,801 --> 00:51:59,267
in danger of being killed.
624
00:51:59,336 --> 00:52:04,906
You were shot at, snipered, you
were bombed, shelled, strafed.
625
00:52:04,975 --> 00:52:09,511
Everything, you were just,
you never could relax.
626
00:52:11,081 --> 00:52:12,380
You didn't sleep.
627
00:52:12,449 --> 00:52:15,283
If you got 2 to 3 hours a
night sleep you were getting it
628
00:52:15,352 --> 00:52:18,520
in 10 or 15 minute increments
because you're always awake,
629
00:52:18,588 --> 00:52:20,755
always aware.
630
00:52:25,295 --> 00:52:29,497
NARRATOR: Just after midnight
on November 14th, 1942,
631
00:52:29,566 --> 00:52:33,968
the bloodshed culminates on the
high seas North of Guadalcanal.
632
00:52:34,037 --> 00:52:36,371
Lee Jeans: And about then
all hell broke loose.
633
00:52:51,621 --> 00:52:54,222
You could watch
shells going down,
634
00:52:54,291 --> 00:52:57,225
and some of those armor piercing
shells would go right through
635
00:52:57,294 --> 00:53:00,028
a ship and come out the other
side, you could see them.
636
00:53:05,135 --> 00:53:08,002
NARRATOR: Japanese cruisers and
destroyers pound the battleship
637
00:53:08,071 --> 00:53:11,773
USS South Dakota, and
knock her out of action.
638
00:53:21,484 --> 00:53:23,751
Harry Fitch: It occurred
to me that somebody had strewn
639
00:53:23,820 --> 00:53:28,389
a hole lot of life jackets
on the floor, so I went,
640
00:53:28,458 --> 00:53:31,025
what the hell are all these
life jackets doing here?
641
00:53:31,094 --> 00:53:34,596
So I took a peak with
my flashlight, uh,
642
00:53:34,664 --> 00:53:37,932
and they were not lifejackets,
they were bodies that I was
643
00:53:38,001 --> 00:53:39,500
trampling on.
644
00:53:42,539 --> 00:53:44,305
NARRATOR: Through
grim determination,
645
00:53:44,374 --> 00:53:48,343
the US Navy holds off the
Japanese fleet and forces them
646
00:53:48,411 --> 00:53:50,245
to withdraw.
647
00:53:52,916 --> 00:53:54,983
Lee Jeans: We went out after
the battle was all over with,
648
00:53:55,051 --> 00:53:57,719
the next day, looking
for survivors to see what
649
00:53:57,787 --> 00:54:02,290
we could find, and there was
ships all around burning.
650
00:54:02,359 --> 00:54:05,927
oh there must have been hundreds
of Japanese floating around
651
00:54:05,996 --> 00:54:10,064
in there, in the water.
652
00:54:10,133 --> 00:54:12,700
NARRATOR: By early
February, 1943,
653
00:54:12,769 --> 00:54:18,072
the last of the Japanese pull
off the island of Guadalcanal.
654
00:54:20,343 --> 00:54:21,809
Ned Steele: We were a bunch of
kids, we didn't know anything,
655
00:54:21,878 --> 00:54:26,214
we actually never thought we
were gonna leave Guadalcanal.
656
00:54:40,130 --> 00:54:41,629
Wilbur Eidson: When we
invaded North Africa,
657
00:54:41,698 --> 00:54:44,866
that was our first major action.
658
00:54:50,040 --> 00:54:54,275
NARRATOR: On November 8th,
1942, US General Dwight David
659
00:54:54,344 --> 00:54:58,713
Eisenhower orders 63-thousand
American and British troops
660
00:54:58,782 --> 00:55:03,151
to hit the beaches of
Morocco and Algeria.
661
00:55:03,219 --> 00:55:06,554
Ike is looking to break a
deadly stalemate between Allied
662
00:55:06,623 --> 00:55:10,091
and Axis troops
further east in Egypt.
663
00:55:10,160 --> 00:55:13,795
Among the US troops wading
ashore is Chief Petty Officer
664
00:55:13,863 --> 00:55:15,196
Wilbur Eidson.
665
00:55:29,879 --> 00:55:31,579
Wilbur Eidson: This was
a very frightening thing;
666
00:55:31,648 --> 00:55:34,549
the first action is horrible.
667
00:55:34,617 --> 00:55:38,886
Most of the enlisted men
were hiding under the table.
668
00:55:38,955 --> 00:55:42,790
I don't know what they were
hiding from, if we got a shell,
669
00:55:42,859 --> 00:55:44,058
they would sure get it.
670
00:55:46,830 --> 00:55:50,331
NARRATOR: The operation is
risky, the stakes enormous.
671
00:55:50,400 --> 00:55:52,934
But here on the sands
of North Africa,
672
00:55:53,003 --> 00:55:56,437
Eisenhower decides to strike
the first American blow against
673
00:55:56,506 --> 00:55:57,972
Germany and Italy.
674
00:56:13,982 --> 00:56:18,017
In November 1942, Allied
forces land on the beaches
675
00:56:18,086 --> 00:56:19,819
of North Africa.
676
00:56:24,025 --> 00:56:25,625
Heavy fighting greets them,
677
00:56:34,602 --> 00:56:36,135
But within a few days,
678
00:56:36,204 --> 00:56:39,305
the Vichy French troops
in Morocco surrender,
679
00:56:39,374 --> 00:56:41,641
allowing General
George S. Patton
680
00:56:41,709 --> 00:56:44,977
and the Allies to move
East with impunity.
681
00:56:45,046 --> 00:56:46,846
Benjamin Patton: And that was
the beginning of the relief
682
00:56:46,915 --> 00:56:50,583
of the British Eighth Army
that was fighting Rommel.
683
00:56:50,652 --> 00:56:52,685
NARRATOR: While Patton moves
East across Morocco and into
684
00:56:52,754 --> 00:56:56,656
Algeria, the British, under
General Bernard Montgomery,
685
00:56:56,724 --> 00:57:01,460
blast westward through General
Erwin Rommel's lines into Libya.
686
00:57:01,529 --> 00:57:05,598
That leaves Germany's so called
desert fox no choice but
687
00:57:05,667 --> 00:57:07,533
to retreat.
688
00:57:07,602 --> 00:57:12,672
Six months later, the Axis will
abandon North Africa altogether.
689
00:57:21,115 --> 00:57:25,017
In the summer of 1942, Hitler
orders his generals to retake
690
00:57:25,086 --> 00:57:27,820
the ground lost after
the Moscow debacle.
691
00:57:33,361 --> 00:57:36,262
The resupplied Wehrmacht
fights its way to the gates
692
00:57:36,331 --> 00:57:39,999
of Stalingrad, where German
artillery and the Luftwaffe
693
00:57:40,068 --> 00:57:42,201
quickly level the city.
694
00:57:45,940 --> 00:57:48,608
Nikolay Tyukineev: Sometimes
you would go through the ruins,
695
00:57:48,676 --> 00:57:52,011
rummage through,
and then find a boy,
696
00:57:52,080 --> 00:57:54,614
you would get him out and he
would be crying as he lost
697
00:57:54,682 --> 00:57:55,615
his mother.
698
00:58:13,067 --> 00:58:15,434
NARRATOR: Stalin orders the Red
Army to defend the city
699
00:58:15,503 --> 00:58:17,436
at all costs.
700
00:58:22,543 --> 00:58:26,879
Any soldier retreating or
surrendering will be shot.
701
00:58:28,850 --> 00:58:30,182
Nikolay Tyukineev:
It was very scary.
702
00:58:30,251 --> 00:58:33,152
I was simply, a wuss.
703
00:58:33,221 --> 00:58:36,622
The bullets were flying all over
the place but it seemed like
704
00:58:36,691 --> 00:58:38,557
they were all aimed at me.
705
00:58:38,626 --> 00:58:40,793
That they all wanted to take me.
706
00:58:40,862 --> 00:58:43,229
And it was quite a fright.
707
00:59:12,660 --> 00:59:15,795
NARRATOR: Hitler's forces are
exhausted and overwhelmed.
708
00:59:15,863 --> 00:59:18,230
They have no answer to
the Russian onslaught.
709
00:59:22,603 --> 00:59:27,206
On February 2nd, 1943, General
Friedrich Paulus becomes
710
00:59:27,275 --> 00:59:32,178
Hitler's first Field Marshall to
choose surrender over suicide.
711
00:59:35,483 --> 00:59:38,784
He gives up his 91-thousand
bedraggled German troops
712
00:59:38,853 --> 00:59:40,720
to the Soviets.
713
00:59:43,391 --> 00:59:48,060
Only five thousand will
survive in Russian captivity.
714
00:59:49,163 --> 00:59:53,399
Hunted for almost two years,
the triumphant Red Army becomes
715
00:59:53,468 --> 00:59:55,101
the hunter.
716
01:00:04,379 --> 01:00:08,781
With able bodied Americans
volunteering in droves,
717
01:00:08,850 --> 01:00:14,787
Earl McClung and Buck Compton
enlist in the 101st Airborne.
718
01:00:14,856 --> 01:00:19,058
They are a new breed of American
warrior: the paratrooper
719
01:00:19,127 --> 01:00:21,427
or airborne soldier.
720
01:00:21,496 --> 01:00:23,729
Earl McClung: They called
us into a big building and
721
01:00:23,798 --> 01:00:27,666
they gave us this spiel about
airborne troops and people jump
722
01:00:27,735 --> 01:00:31,036
out of airplanes and everybody
wanted to know what did anybody
723
01:00:31,105 --> 01:00:32,438
wanna do that for.
724
01:00:32,507 --> 01:00:34,440
And they said, Well, you get
fifty dollars extra a month.
725
01:00:34,509 --> 01:00:36,842
And my hand went up.
726
01:00:36,911 --> 01:00:39,612
Lt. Buck Compton: Well, it's
the idea of gettin' behind
727
01:00:39,680 --> 01:00:45,050
their lines, and gettin'
into the interior.
728
01:00:45,119 --> 01:00:47,153
I'm not sure it's a great idea.
729
01:00:47,221 --> 01:00:51,223
but uh was the theory, that
you could get a lot of soldiers
730
01:00:51,292 --> 01:00:55,227
in behind their lines
and do mischief.
731
01:00:57,665 --> 01:01:01,834
NARRATOR: Battles now rage from
Southeast Asia to Western Russia
732
01:01:01,903 --> 01:01:05,771
and from the Aleutian
Islands to Africa.
733
01:01:05,840 --> 01:01:09,742
Earl Mcclung and his buddies
hunger to join the fight.
734
01:01:09,811 --> 01:01:11,343
Earl McClung: Oh, I think we
had probably one of the biggest
735
01:01:11,412 --> 01:01:12,711
egos in the world.
736
01:01:12,780 --> 01:01:16,215
We was all young kids, you
know, and we thought we were
737
01:01:16,284 --> 01:01:20,286
indestructible we were kinda
wantin' to get into combat
738
01:01:20,354 --> 01:01:23,055
and then after we was
there a few times,
739
01:01:23,124 --> 01:01:25,958
then we's tryin' to figure
out ways of gettin' out of it.
740
01:01:44,178 --> 01:01:47,580
NARRATOR: US Army Ranger Ray
Sadoski rides in on the first
741
01:01:47,648 --> 01:01:50,616
wave of troops invading Sicily.
742
01:01:53,054 --> 01:01:54,520
Ray Sadoski: They
hit a sandbar.
743
01:01:54,589 --> 01:01:55,754
So they dropped me off.
744
01:01:55,823 --> 01:01:59,358
And I went to, to about
10, 12 feet of water.
745
01:01:59,427 --> 01:02:01,827
So, I learned that if you ever
go into the water like that,
746
01:02:01,896 --> 01:02:06,599
you're not gonna be able to swim
so just use your arms like this
747
01:02:06,667 --> 01:02:10,636
and keep doing this
and keep walkin'.
748
01:02:10,705 --> 01:02:12,705
And I walked right up on shore.
749
01:02:12,773 --> 01:02:16,141
So I look back and nobody's
comin' in but me. I says
750
01:02:16,210 --> 01:02:18,477
I hope they don't call
this beach head off
751
01:02:18,546 --> 01:02:20,246
and leave me there.
752
01:02:28,651 --> 01:02:31,218
NARRATOR: Sadoski immediately comes under
heavy machine gun fire from
753
01:02:31,287 --> 01:02:34,955
two Italian enemy soldiers.
754
01:02:36,073 --> 01:02:40,108
Twenty minutes pass before
fellow Army Rangers arrive.
755
01:02:40,177 --> 01:02:42,711
Ray Sadoski: And I hear 'em
yellin', callin' my name,
756
01:02:42,779 --> 01:02:44,846
Hey, Ray. Hey, Ray.
Where are ya?
757
01:02:44,915 --> 01:02:46,915
I says, be careful when you
comin' over here, I says,
758
01:02:46,984 --> 01:02:50,752
they got two machine
guns cross firin'.
759
01:02:50,821 --> 01:02:54,456
So they came in and they even
came up with a bazooka gunner,
760
01:02:54,524 --> 01:02:56,891
and he knocked them both out.
761
01:03:00,306 --> 01:03:03,040
NARRATOR: In the Pacific, the
victory at Guadalcanal allows
762
01:03:03,108 --> 01:03:08,212
the Allies to pursue two lines
of attack: one along New Guinea
763
01:03:08,280 --> 01:03:11,415
focused on the Philippines,
another starting in the Gilbert
764
01:03:11,484 --> 01:03:15,319
Islands aimed directly at Japan.
765
01:03:34,540 --> 01:03:37,641
As the Marines close
in on the Tarawa beach,
766
01:03:37,710 --> 01:03:41,879
a storm of fire erupts
from the Japanese defenses.
767
01:03:41,947 --> 01:03:43,046
Howard Frost: We didn't know
what we were getting into.
768
01:03:43,115 --> 01:03:44,348
We were too dumb to know.
769
01:03:44,416 --> 01:03:47,284
And that may have been
a point in our favor.
770
01:03:47,353 --> 01:03:50,521
We might not have gone.
771
01:03:50,589 --> 01:03:52,956
Roy Ramberg: There was heavy,
heavy shelling there on the;
772
01:03:53,025 --> 01:03:55,292
you couldn't see the
island, you know.
773
01:03:55,361 --> 01:03:56,527
It was covered with smoke.
774
01:04:02,468 --> 01:04:04,101
NARRATOR: As the
Marines approach,
775
01:04:04,169 --> 01:04:08,138
it becomes clear that the us
has miscalculated the tides,
776
01:04:08,207 --> 01:04:11,675
making it impossible to drive
their landing vessels to shore.
777
01:04:17,850 --> 01:04:19,316
Howard Frost: You could
hear the noise of the,
778
01:04:19,385 --> 01:04:23,086
tractor treads crawling
across the coral.
779
01:04:23,155 --> 01:04:24,788
And about that time you
began to sense that something
780
01:04:24,857 --> 01:04:26,156
wasn't right.
781
01:04:26,225 --> 01:04:28,992
NARRATOR: Instead, Marines
Howard Frost and John Pease
782
01:04:29,061 --> 01:04:33,130
find themselves stranded waist
deep in the water 500 yards
783
01:04:33,198 --> 01:04:38,035
from shore, exposed to
withering enemy fire.
784
01:04:38,804 --> 01:04:44,074
John Pease: We jumped off the
side of the amphibious tractor
785
01:04:44,143 --> 01:04:50,981
and ran ashore as quick as we
could, among the dead bodies.
786
01:04:57,823 --> 01:05:00,390
NARRATOR: Once ashore, the
Marines realize they face
787
01:05:00,459 --> 01:05:04,161
an entrenched enemy that would
rather die than give up one inch
788
01:05:04,229 --> 01:05:06,163
of Tawara.
789
01:05:27,052 --> 01:05:29,953
NARRATOR: Combat Camerman Norman
Hatch narrates the footage
790
01:05:30,022 --> 01:05:33,156
he shot in the
heat of the action.
791
01:06:47,332 --> 01:06:50,467
NARRATOR: The Marines overcome
early mistakes and-after four
792
01:06:50,536 --> 01:06:54,104
brutal and bloody days of
combat hammer out an important
793
01:06:54,173 --> 01:06:56,339
victory.
794
01:06:56,408 --> 01:06:57,407
Ralph Knippel: It was,
was totally destroyed.
795
01:06:57,476 --> 01:07:02,345
The island was
practically leveled.
796
01:07:02,414 --> 01:07:04,815
NARRATOR: Nearly two thousand
American dead are buried
797
01:07:04,883 --> 01:07:06,583
near the airfield.
798
01:07:11,323 --> 01:07:15,559
The island's defenders
are nearly all wiped out.
799
01:07:15,627 --> 01:07:16,760
Ralph Knippel: There
was no, no vegetation.
800
01:07:16,829 --> 01:07:19,196
There was no; uh, just
nothing except equipment,
801
01:07:19,264 --> 01:07:21,264
decomposed bodies,
802
01:07:29,241 --> 01:07:33,143
it was, was something I don't
ever wanna see again.
803
01:07:45,124 --> 01:07:47,224
NARRATOR: After the fall of
North Africa and the capture of
804
01:07:47,292 --> 01:07:52,729
Sicily, Allied troops continue
to pound the Axis forces.
805
01:07:52,798 --> 01:07:55,899
In September, the Allies cross
onto the Italian mainland
806
01:07:55,968 --> 01:08:00,704
at Salerno, and sweep
north along the boot.
807
01:08:00,773 --> 01:08:02,839
Sen. Daniel Inouye: I was on
a patrol soon after we landed
808
01:08:02,908 --> 01:08:04,941
in Italy.
809
01:08:05,010 --> 01:08:09,446
While I was walking on this
patrol on the next mountain
810
01:08:09,515 --> 01:08:14,751
on the top I could see someone
squatting, moving his bowels,
811
01:08:14,820 --> 01:08:20,724
defecating, you could
tell he was a German.
812
01:08:20,793 --> 01:08:24,227
NARRATOR: Japanese American
soldier Daniel Inouye is part of
813
01:08:24,296 --> 01:08:26,797
the 442nd Combat team.
814
01:08:31,170 --> 01:08:34,471
Sen. Daniel Inouye: He had
on this German hat,
815
01:08:34,540 --> 01:08:38,508
so I told the man, that's mine.
816
01:08:38,577 --> 01:08:42,779
Just like that deer is mine.
817
01:08:42,848 --> 01:08:45,348
I very carefully set my sights;
818
01:08:50,756 --> 01:08:53,390
He was not only my first,
819
01:08:53,458 --> 01:08:57,194
but when I think back, I think
back with horror because
820
01:08:57,262 --> 01:09:04,134
I was proud; but I was
trained to hate the Germans,
821
01:09:04,203 --> 01:09:07,838
all the propaganda films
we saw throughout training,
822
01:09:07,906 --> 01:09:10,340
it made you feel good.
823
01:09:10,409 --> 01:09:15,512
You're a good soldier.
That's war.
824
01:09:23,889 --> 01:09:28,391
NARRATOR: In January, 1944,
these mountains South of Rome
825
01:09:28,460 --> 01:09:31,161
are the front lines
of the European war.
826
01:09:31,230 --> 01:09:34,764
at the center of the action
stands the 14-hundred year old
827
01:09:34,833 --> 01:09:36,800
abbey at Monte Cassino.
828
01:09:36,869 --> 01:09:40,136
Joseph Menditto: They warned
the Germans not to use
829
01:09:40,205 --> 01:09:45,442
the monastery
as a battle ground.
830
01:09:45,510 --> 01:09:48,612
NARRATOR: By international law,
this holy site is supposed to be
831
01:09:48,680 --> 01:09:54,217
off limits for any military use.
832
01:09:54,286 --> 01:09:57,520
But its bird's eye view
dominates the ground for miles,
833
01:09:57,589 --> 01:10:00,390
and though the Germans
are not occupying it,
834
01:10:00,459 --> 01:10:03,159
the Allies are
convinced otherwise.
835
01:10:11,236 --> 01:10:14,304
Joseph Menditto: We saw the
activity change from day to day
836
01:10:14,373 --> 01:10:16,273
so the American
forces bombed it.
837
01:10:24,383 --> 01:10:27,284
NARRATOR: On
February 15th, 1944,
838
01:10:27,352 --> 01:10:30,320
Allied air power
levels the abbey.
839
01:10:36,561 --> 01:10:40,297
The Germans occupy the ruins,
and the battle rages on.
840
01:10:47,639 --> 01:10:52,242
And East of Monte Cassino, a
new element is about to be added
841
01:10:52,311 --> 01:10:53,944
to the war effort.
842
01:11:04,690 --> 01:11:08,291
For four months, Allied forces
struggle to gain the upper hand
843
01:11:08,360 --> 01:11:10,894
in these mountains
South of Rome.
844
01:11:14,266 --> 01:11:15,465
Joseph Menditto: Most of
the time it was rainy,
845
01:11:15,534 --> 01:11:17,400
and we were climbing
the mountains there,
846
01:11:17,469 --> 01:11:20,603
and it was mud and everything,
and we were taking a beating.
847
01:11:27,913 --> 01:11:31,014
NARRATOR: Finally,
on June 4th, 1944,
848
01:11:31,083 --> 01:11:37,587
the Allies crack the Axis
defenses And march into Rome,
849
01:11:37,656 --> 01:11:41,558
where the Italian people
greet them as liberators.
850
01:11:41,626 --> 01:11:45,195
But the battle for
Italy is far from over.
851
01:12:05,083 --> 01:12:07,117
The black airmen were
trained in Tuskegee,
852
01:12:07,185 --> 01:12:10,720
Alabama to be escort fighter
pilots under the hard eye
853
01:12:10,789 --> 01:12:13,723
of Colonel Benjamin O. Davis.
854
01:12:13,792 --> 01:12:15,125
LT. Col. Harold Brown:
He says, Gentlemen,
855
01:12:15,193 --> 01:12:19,696
Your duty is to fly escorts,
which means you escort those
856
01:12:19,765 --> 01:12:23,299
bombers from the time that
you pick your bombers up,
857
01:12:23,368 --> 01:12:24,601
over the target.
858
01:12:24,669 --> 01:12:26,970
Then you bring them
all home safely.
859
01:12:27,039 --> 01:12:28,138
That's your duty.
860
01:12:28,206 --> 01:12:30,173
That's your responsibility.
861
01:12:31,920 --> 01:12:33,953
NARRATOR: Davis emphasizes
the importance of mission
862
01:12:34,022 --> 01:12:36,222
discipline.
863
01:12:36,291 --> 01:12:39,459
LT. Col. Harold Brown: He says;
If any of you ever for any
864
01:12:39,528 --> 01:12:44,698
reason should leave a bomber,
go off looking for a fighter,
865
01:12:44,766 --> 01:12:47,267
you can shoot down ten fighters.
866
01:12:47,336 --> 01:12:50,236
But when you come back here,
I'll court marshal you.
867
01:12:50,305 --> 01:12:53,973
If you are engaged
by enemy fighters,
868
01:12:54,042 --> 01:12:59,846
then you engage but you will
not go off looking for a fight.
869
01:12:59,915 --> 01:13:02,515
NARRATOR: Long range bombers
typically sustain heavy losses
870
01:13:02,584 --> 01:13:03,783
from enemy attacks.
871
01:13:07,189 --> 01:13:09,356
But the Red Tails,
as they are called,
872
01:13:09,424 --> 01:13:11,925
quickly earn a reputation
for protecting their bombing
873
01:13:11,993 --> 01:13:14,627
squadrons, no matter what.
874
01:13:17,199 --> 01:13:18,965
LT. Col. Harold Brown:
The bombers would ask me,
875
01:13:19,034 --> 01:13:21,101
who's escorting us today?
876
01:13:21,169 --> 01:13:23,603
Well, it's not the Red Tails.
877
01:13:23,672 --> 01:13:26,106
What? The Red Tails isn't
the one escorting us today?
878
01:13:26,174 --> 01:13:28,108
Aw, man, you know.
879
01:13:28,176 --> 01:13:31,177
Yeah, they wanted us.
880
01:13:31,246 --> 01:13:32,846
NARRATOR: With the
Redtails in action,
881
01:13:32,914 --> 01:13:36,082
US bomber losses
fall dramatically.
882
01:13:36,151 --> 01:13:39,552
In skies above Europe, the
famed black Army Air Force unit
883
01:13:39,621 --> 01:13:41,688
delivers the goods.
884
01:14:04,980 --> 01:14:06,479
Benjamin Patton: In the
months leading up to,
885
01:14:06,548 --> 01:14:07,981
to the Normandy invasion,
Operation Overlord,
886
01:14:08,049 --> 01:14:12,652
my grandfather was used
primarily as a ruse.
887
01:14:12,721 --> 01:14:14,888
NARRATOR: General Eisenhower
orders George Patton to help
888
01:14:14,956 --> 01:14:18,124
create the illusion that the
Allies plan to cross the English
889
01:14:18,193 --> 01:14:22,495
Channel not at
Normandy, but at Calais.
890
01:14:24,433 --> 01:14:25,799
Benjamin Patton: And he
was commanding a fictitious
891
01:14:25,867 --> 01:14:28,501
Army group that was made up
of inflatable tanks and,
892
01:14:28,570 --> 01:14:32,238
and cardboard
vehicles, and tents,
893
01:14:32,307 --> 01:14:35,074
and essentially a
ghost Army if you will.
894
01:14:45,620 --> 01:14:48,288
NARRATOR: As 160-thousand
soldiers steam across the
895
01:14:48,356 --> 01:14:52,358
English Channel, the airborne
units still in England prepare
896
01:14:52,427 --> 01:14:53,927
for action.
897
01:14:55,797 --> 01:14:59,132
General Eisenhower
arrives to wish them luck.
898
01:15:04,005 --> 01:15:09,209
Waves of planes then take off to
drop the 23, 400 paratroopers
899
01:15:09,277 --> 01:15:11,578
at their landing
zones in Normandy,
900
01:15:11,646 --> 01:15:13,680
behind enemy lines.
901
01:15:15,617 --> 01:15:16,850
General Dwight
Eisenhower: Soldiers,
902
01:15:16,918 --> 01:15:20,186
Sailors and Airmen of the
Allied Expeditionary Force!
903
01:15:20,255 --> 01:15:23,456
You are about to embark
upon a great crusade,
904
01:15:23,525 --> 01:15:25,925
toward which we have
striven these many months.
905
01:15:25,994 --> 01:15:30,263
The eyes of the world are upon
you. Your task will not be
906
01:15:30,332 --> 01:15:31,865
an easy one.
907
01:15:31,933 --> 01:15:35,702
Your enemy is well trained, well
equipped and battle hardened,
908
01:15:35,770 --> 01:15:39,239
he will fight savagely.
909
01:15:39,307 --> 01:15:40,507
Earl McClung: We
weren't scared to jump.
910
01:15:40,575 --> 01:15:46,045
We were scared of gettin'
shot down in that airplane
911
01:15:46,114 --> 01:15:47,981
NARRATOR: When the
planes cross into France,
912
01:15:48,049 --> 01:15:52,752
German anti-aircraft fire turns
the skies into a death zone.
913
01:15:58,827 --> 01:16:01,327
Paratroopers Buck Compton
and Earl Mcclung get caught
914
01:16:01,396 --> 01:16:02,996
in the maelstrom.
915
01:16:04,266 --> 01:16:06,199
Earl McClung: Shrapnel and
bullets were going through
916
01:16:06,268 --> 01:16:09,035
the fuselage of those
old C-47's like,
917
01:16:09,104 --> 01:16:11,404
it's like a beehive in there
and everybody was hollerin',
918
01:16:11,473 --> 01:16:13,640
Let's get the hell outta here.
919
01:16:17,379 --> 01:16:20,280
NARRATOR: In the chaos, Buck
Compton loses most of his gear
920
01:16:20,348 --> 01:16:22,482
before he hits the ground.
921
01:16:23,685 --> 01:16:26,319
LT. Buck Compton: So when I
landed, I didn't have a weapon,
922
01:16:26,388 --> 01:16:29,122
I didn't have any rations,
I didn't have anything on me
923
01:16:29,190 --> 01:16:36,329
a couple of little chocolate bar
rations a canteen and a trench
924
01:16:36,398 --> 01:16:40,400
knife and that's all I had
ready to fight the Germans.
925
01:16:44,272 --> 01:16:46,439
NARRATOR: Some of the Allied
paratroopers land in the village
926
01:16:46,508 --> 01:16:49,509
of Sainte-Mere-Eglise and are
butchered before they even reach
927
01:16:49,578 --> 01:16:52,745
the ground. Many are captured.
928
01:16:57,552 --> 01:17:02,388
Most, however, wander the
countryside and slowly organize.
929
01:17:07,862 --> 01:17:11,431
To their North, the guns
of Normandy explode.
930
01:17:24,813 --> 01:17:29,015
At about 6:30 AM
on June 6th, 1944,
931
01:17:29,084 --> 01:17:33,820
the Allied invasion comes ashore
on the beaches of Normandy.
932
01:17:34,422 --> 01:17:37,757
83-thousand British and
Canandian troops land at Gold,
933
01:17:37,826 --> 01:17:40,493
Juno and Sword beaches.
934
01:17:40,562 --> 01:17:44,797
73-thousand Americans of the
US First Army Land at Utah
935
01:17:44,866 --> 01:17:47,000
and Omaha beaches.
936
01:17:47,068 --> 01:17:50,603
Sam Fuller: As soon as we hit
the beach, everybody was not
937
01:17:50,672 --> 01:17:55,008
in ordinary panic, but
there was wild confusion when
938
01:17:55,076 --> 01:17:58,344
you're trained to do a certain
thing, you do it automatically.
939
01:17:58,413 --> 01:18:01,547
May hit a little resistance
and keep on moving.
940
01:18:01,616 --> 01:18:05,952
But the resistance was
deadly and highly effective!
941
01:18:06,021 --> 01:18:08,087
And we began to crumble.
942
01:18:14,062 --> 01:18:16,462
Ralph Martire: When the landing
barge goes down and you have
943
01:18:16,531 --> 01:18:22,068
to start running out, that's
when you realize you're being
944
01:18:22,137 --> 01:18:23,770
shot at.
945
01:18:26,274 --> 01:18:29,075
Sam Fuller: That whole
beach was instantly wild.
946
01:18:29,144 --> 01:18:30,810
The noise is deafening,
947
01:18:36,351 --> 01:18:37,750
and I saw pink water
and eventually
948
01:18:37,819 --> 01:18:39,852
it turned red, just from blood.
949
01:18:39,921 --> 01:18:41,821
All that water,
there was blood red.
950
01:18:46,194 --> 01:18:47,660
Ralph Martire: We got
to the beaches and you crawl
951
01:18:47,729 --> 01:18:49,629
and you lay down and you crawl.
952
01:18:49,698 --> 01:18:55,668
I lay down next to a man who has
been hit, he was dead already.
953
01:18:55,737 --> 01:18:58,705
NARRATOR: Infantryman Sam
Fuller is trapped on Omaha Beach
954
01:18:58,773 --> 01:19:00,573
with little cover.
955
01:19:02,177 --> 01:19:04,977
Bombers dispatched early that
morning to blast fox holes
956
01:19:05,046 --> 01:19:08,381
in the sand have
missed their targets,
957
01:19:08,450 --> 01:19:11,150
providing no cover for the
thousands of men pouring
958
01:19:11,219 --> 01:19:12,685
onto shore.
959
01:19:13,655 --> 01:19:14,821
Sam Fuller: It
was like hitting,
960
01:19:14,889 --> 01:19:18,391
a tornado against
another tornado.
961
01:19:18,460 --> 01:19:20,059
That's the way we felt.
962
01:19:21,830 --> 01:19:22,895
There's nowhere to go.
963
01:19:22,964 --> 01:19:24,297
You're stuck.
964
01:19:24,365 --> 01:19:26,165
You start trying to go
forward, you're hit.
965
01:19:26,234 --> 01:19:28,267
If you're not, there's a sniper
all over the place and a lot of
966
01:19:28,336 --> 01:19:29,769
riflemen.
967
01:19:29,838 --> 01:19:32,138
And we couldn't stop the
waves of men coming and coming
968
01:19:32,207 --> 01:19:36,776
and coming, every five, ten,
twelve, fifteen minutes.
969
01:19:36,845 --> 01:19:39,979
NARRATOR: Fuller survives thanks
to the boldness of his colonel,
970
01:19:40,048 --> 01:19:42,081
George A. Taylor.
971
01:19:42,150 --> 01:19:45,251
Sam Fuller: He stood
up, which is suicidal.
972
01:19:45,320 --> 01:19:47,653
And he said, there are two
kinds of men on this beach.
973
01:19:47,722 --> 01:19:50,857
Those who are dead and
those who are about to die.
974
01:19:50,925 --> 01:19:54,527
So let's get off this
damn beach and die inland.
975
01:19:54,596 --> 01:19:56,763
He stood up!
976
01:19:56,831 --> 01:19:59,665
And hard to explain to you
what that little thing means.
977
01:19:59,734 --> 01:20:03,202
And he led us off the beach,
right through the breach.
978
01:20:04,272 --> 01:20:07,206
NARRATOR: South of Utah
Beach, behind enemy lines,
979
01:20:07,275 --> 01:20:10,376
Buck Compton meets up with
several members of Easy Company
980
01:20:10,445 --> 01:20:15,681
and acquires a machine gun from
an injured American soldier.
981
01:20:15,750 --> 01:20:18,918
they hear Germans
firing at the beach.
982
01:20:20,755 --> 01:20:24,457
LT. Buck Compton: So I got down
crawled on my belly about fifty
983
01:20:24,526 --> 01:20:29,929
yards into a, trench works over
there and that's when I saw
984
01:20:29,998 --> 01:20:34,167
these Germans so I thought I'd
jump through this bush and into
985
01:20:34,235 --> 01:20:37,370
this trenchand I'd just take
'em down with the machine gun,
986
01:20:37,438 --> 01:20:39,172
you know.
987
01:20:39,240 --> 01:20:43,009
NARRATOR: Compton jumps into the
trench and pulls the trigger.
988
01:20:44,862 --> 01:20:46,234
Nothing happens.
989
01:20:46,298 --> 01:20:47,731
LT. Buck Compton:
And they looked at;
990
01:20:47,800 --> 01:20:51,650
looked at me and were surprised
and they took off running and,
991
01:20:51,896 --> 01:20:56,650
um, lucky as hell I, I just
pulled out this hand grenade and
992
01:20:57,000 --> 01:21:00,538
pulled the pin on it and let
it fly and it came down right
993
01:21:00,563 --> 01:21:04,732
on top of one of their heads
and went off and killed 'em both
994
01:21:04,800 --> 01:21:06,800
with one hand grenade.
995
01:21:08,653 --> 01:21:10,286
NARRATOR: Also
behind enemy lines,
996
01:21:10,354 --> 01:21:12,788
paratrooper Earl Mcclung
discovers the advantage
997
01:21:12,857 --> 01:21:15,958
of capturing or killing
German officers.
998
01:21:16,027 --> 01:21:18,227
Earl McClung: With the Germans,
if you could get their officers
999
01:21:18,296 --> 01:21:20,763
they were, ah, confused.
1000
01:21:20,831 --> 01:21:22,698
they were good soldiers as long
as they had somebody tell them
1001
01:21:22,767 --> 01:21:23,999
what to do.
1002
01:21:24,068 --> 01:21:26,302
But, uh, if they had to do
somethin' on their own,
1003
01:21:26,370 --> 01:21:29,471
they weren't all that great.
1004
01:21:29,540 --> 01:21:31,740
NARRATOR: And while Mcclung and
his comrades honor the rules
1005
01:21:31,809 --> 01:21:35,744
of engagement with the
ordinary German soldiers,
1006
01:21:35,813 --> 01:21:38,647
their courtesy does not
extend to the murderous Nazis
1007
01:21:38,716 --> 01:21:43,485
of Hitler's elite
forces, the Waffen SS.
1008
01:21:43,554 --> 01:21:44,887
Earl McClung: The SS had
already told us they wouldn't
1009
01:21:44,955 --> 01:21:46,955
take any airborne prisoners.
1010
01:21:47,024 --> 01:21:49,425
They wouldn't take us prisoner,
we wouldn't take them prisoner.
1011
01:21:49,493 --> 01:21:51,560
That's it; that was it.
1012
01:21:51,629 --> 01:21:55,397
And as far as I know we lived
up to it to the very end.
1013
01:21:55,466 --> 01:21:57,499
Uh, if you were
SS you were dead.
1014
01:22:12,249 --> 01:22:17,119
NARRATOR: Allied air forces rule
the skies, and by June 6th,
1015
01:22:17,188 --> 01:22:20,823
all of Normandy's
beaches are secure.
1016
01:22:20,891 --> 01:22:25,160
The British and Canadians
begin their march inland.
1017
01:22:25,229 --> 01:22:27,896
The Americans at Utah Beach
face the lightest resistance
1018
01:22:27,965 --> 01:22:29,498
of the day
1019
01:22:31,602 --> 01:22:36,605
Losing only 197 of the
23-thousand troops.
1020
01:22:36,674 --> 01:22:39,575
They push forward and begin to
make contact with the scattered
1021
01:22:39,643 --> 01:22:41,477
paratroopers.
1022
01:22:44,048 --> 01:22:48,417
But the US forces at Omaha
beach have the roughest go,
1023
01:22:48,486 --> 01:22:51,353
losing 2,400 men.
1024
01:22:55,626 --> 01:22:59,695
Alice Matthews: I can remember
several young boys who came in,
1025
01:22:59,764 --> 01:23:04,833
stepped on landmines and both
of their legs were blown off.
1026
01:23:04,902 --> 01:23:10,339
And they just, was just a little
bit of despair that they'd never
1027
01:23:10,408 --> 01:23:11,740
be able to dance again.
1028
01:23:11,809 --> 01:23:13,075
And what would my wife think?
1029
01:23:13,144 --> 01:23:14,576
Or what would my girl think?
1030
01:23:14,645 --> 01:23:17,446
How's my mother
going to accept this?
1031
01:23:17,515 --> 01:23:20,149
And often they didn't
even live to go home.
1032
01:23:20,217 --> 01:23:22,184
If you allow yourself to weep
you would be in tears all the
1033
01:23:22,253 --> 01:23:24,253
time then you couldn't function.
1034
01:23:32,096 --> 01:23:37,299
NARRATOR: After four years, the
Allies have returned to France.
1035
01:23:37,368 --> 01:23:38,500
Sam Fuller: We did one
thing that was good.
1036
01:23:38,569 --> 01:23:41,036
We stopped the
cancer from growing.
1037
01:23:41,105 --> 01:23:42,237
We eliminated it.
1038
01:24:23,781 --> 01:24:26,181
Reby Cary: Saipan, one thing
that bothered me a little bit,
1039
01:24:26,250 --> 01:24:28,484
we lost, well the
Marines that we,
1040
01:24:28,552 --> 01:24:33,288
that were hittin' the beach they
were being picked off like mad.
1041
01:24:36,093 --> 01:24:39,194
NARRATOR: Radio operator Reby
Cary is stationed on an attack
1042
01:24:39,263 --> 01:24:41,463
transport off the
coast of Saipan.
1043
01:24:46,470 --> 01:24:48,136
Reby Cary: Let me tell ya,
that's a different ball game
1044
01:24:48,205 --> 01:24:52,808
when the bombs start
fallin' and goin' on,
1045
01:24:52,877 --> 01:24:56,278
They even had bodies
floating by our ship,
1046
01:24:56,347 --> 01:24:57,946
you couldn't even get 'em out.
1047
01:24:58,015 --> 01:25:01,283
You know it was something
that first day on Saipan.
1048
01:25:08,526 --> 01:25:10,526
NARRATOR: The Japanese
defend every inch of Saipan
1049
01:25:10,594 --> 01:25:14,296
with suicidal abandon.
1050
01:25:14,365 --> 01:25:17,933
For the first time, white and
black Marines fight together
1051
01:25:18,002 --> 01:25:21,436
to force the enemy from the
mountainous terrain one bloody
1052
01:25:21,505 --> 01:25:23,238
step at a time.
1053
01:25:28,345 --> 01:25:31,680
After three weeks of intense
combat the Marines claim
1054
01:25:31,749 --> 01:25:33,315
the island.
1055
01:25:36,020 --> 01:25:40,989
The Allies now dig in, just
11-hundred miles from Japan.
1056
01:25:52,036 --> 01:25:54,403
Normandy's beaches quickly
become the focal point
1057
01:25:54,471 --> 01:25:56,905
for the Allied war effort.
1058
01:25:56,974 --> 01:26:01,109
Within a few weeks, 600-thousand
troops come ashore to take on
1059
01:26:01,178 --> 01:26:02,578
the Germans.
1060
01:26:04,081 --> 01:26:07,149
South of the beachhead,
Normandy's narrow roads are
1061
01:26:07,217 --> 01:26:11,320
lined by walls of rock, dirt,
and thick vegetation called
1062
01:26:11,388 --> 01:26:12,955
hedgerows.
1063
01:26:17,061 --> 01:26:20,662
Ralph Martire: We start
hitting the hedgerows,
1064
01:26:20,731 --> 01:26:25,067
and when we hit the hedgerows,
that's when we, we were losing
1065
01:26:25,135 --> 01:26:26,735
a lot of men.
1066
01:26:31,675 --> 01:26:34,776
NARRATOR: Too tall to surmount
and too thick to penetrate,
1067
01:26:34,845 --> 01:26:37,412
these hedgerows provide perfect
cover for the outnumbered
1068
01:26:37,481 --> 01:26:38,947
Germans.
1069
01:26:39,717 --> 01:26:42,951
Hitler's armored divisions
arrive and stop the Allied
1070
01:26:43,020 --> 01:26:44,753
advance cold.
1071
01:26:45,723 --> 01:26:47,422
Ralph Martire: We'd be in one
hedgerow and the enemy would be
1072
01:26:47,491 --> 01:26:50,092
in the other hedgerow, which
the other hedgerow was about a
1073
01:26:50,160 --> 01:26:53,996
hundred feet, of open space.
1074
01:26:54,064 --> 01:26:58,767
We had to go in that open space
to crawl and get to the enemy
1075
01:26:58,836 --> 01:27:02,904
that was in the
hedgerows firing at us.
1076
01:27:06,076 --> 01:27:08,443
Benjamin Patton: These big you
know greedy hedgerows that were
1077
01:27:08,512 --> 01:27:12,447
not allowing them to breakout
or move with, great speed uh,
1078
01:27:12,516 --> 01:27:15,150
this was a big problem.
1079
01:27:15,219 --> 01:27:17,686
NARRATOR: In order for armored
units to break through Normandy
1080
01:27:17,755 --> 01:27:20,756
and sweep across
central France to Paris,
1081
01:27:20,824 --> 01:27:23,358
the hedgerows must be breached.
1082
01:27:26,296 --> 01:27:30,165
One ingenious American Sergeant
fashions iron-pronged extensions
1083
01:27:30,234 --> 01:27:33,735
that easily attach to
the front of the tanks.
1084
01:27:33,804 --> 01:27:36,505
The men call them rhinos.
1085
01:27:37,341 --> 01:27:39,441
Ralph Martire: The tanks were
able to plow through and make
1086
01:27:39,510 --> 01:27:42,144
openings for us.
1087
01:27:42,212 --> 01:27:45,547
And that's the way we
took over the hedgerows.
1088
01:27:47,217 --> 01:27:49,885
Then it started where you'd
be chasing the Germans,
1089
01:27:49,953 --> 01:27:52,754
the German Army were
running backwards,
1090
01:27:52,823 --> 01:27:57,659
and as they fell back, we just
following them, firing at them.
1091
01:28:03,967 --> 01:28:07,502
NARRATOR: Close air support
chews up German counterattacks,
1092
01:28:07,571 --> 01:28:11,807
while General George Patton
pushes his Third Army Hard.
1093
01:28:11,875 --> 01:28:13,975
His men don't disappoint.
1094
01:28:15,546 --> 01:28:19,881
Benjamin Patton: And they did
so with incredible success,
1095
01:28:19,950 --> 01:28:25,821
in three and a half weeks they
got all the way to Paris.
1096
01:28:47,044 --> 01:28:49,478
NARRATOR: Louis Zamperini
has come a long way since
1097
01:28:49,546 --> 01:28:53,482
the 1936 Olympics.
1098
01:28:53,550 --> 01:28:56,384
He completes five successful
missions as a bombadier
1099
01:28:56,453 --> 01:29:01,089
in the Pacific, But on
his sixth, his plane loses power
1100
01:29:01,158 --> 01:29:03,125
and crashes into the ocean.
1101
01:29:10,601 --> 01:29:13,535
The Japanese capture Zamperini
and toss him in a prison camp
1102
01:29:13,604 --> 01:29:15,604
on the island of Omori.
1103
01:29:15,672 --> 01:29:18,640
Louis finds himself in the
crosshairs of a sadistic guard
1104
01:29:18,709 --> 01:29:24,379
named Mutsuhiro Watanabe,
otherwise known as The Bird.
1105
01:29:24,448 --> 01:29:26,448
Louis Zamperini: No matter
where I was, he'd find me.
1106
01:29:26,517 --> 01:29:30,185
Oh, Zamperini, you
come to attention last;
1107
01:29:30,254 --> 01:29:34,289
for no reason at all, I'm
punched out every day.
1108
01:29:34,358 --> 01:29:37,459
NARRATOR: The Japanese do not
recognize the Geneva conventions
1109
01:29:37,528 --> 01:29:40,495
and brutalize their prisoners.
1110
01:29:40,564 --> 01:29:46,134
Over 27% of POW's die
in Japanese captivity.
1111
01:29:46,203 --> 01:29:52,207
Zamperini's misery serves as
amusement for the guards.
1112
01:29:52,276 --> 01:29:55,577
Louis Zamperini: He line
up five or six officers.
1113
01:29:55,646 --> 01:29:58,847
Then he'd get the enlisted
men to insult us and have
1114
01:29:58,916 --> 01:30:00,749
the enlisted men punch us out.
1115
01:30:00,818 --> 01:30:03,485
if they didn't hit us
hard, they got hit.
1116
01:30:03,554 --> 01:30:06,221
So we'd say, Hey go
ahead and hit us hard.
1117
01:30:06,290 --> 01:30:08,456
But that was the Bird.
1118
01:30:12,560 --> 01:30:13,659
Benjamin Patton: At
the end of August,
1119
01:30:13,728 --> 01:30:14,927
Patton was really at the
height of his powers.
1120
01:30:14,996 --> 01:30:17,096
He'd covered several
hundred miles of territory,
1121
01:30:17,164 --> 01:30:20,032
and conquered half of France,
and liberated Paris in less than
1122
01:30:20,101 --> 01:30:22,301
four weeks.
1123
01:30:22,370 --> 01:30:24,636
AL Irzak: The, uh, tank
conditions were ideal.
1124
01:30:24,705 --> 01:30:27,673
We had long nights, short
days, and the ground
1125
01:30:27,742 --> 01:30:30,609
was absolutely dry.
The tanks could go anywhere.
1126
01:30:32,160 --> 01:30:35,776
Patton press the German
border south of the Ardennes Forest.
1127
01:30:37,676 --> 01:30:41,540
But it was one of he worst winters
in Europe's history grips the front lines.
1128
01:30:41,922 --> 01:30:45,090
The Germans launch a
surprise offensive.
1129
01:30:45,599 --> 01:30:48,166
AL Irzak: They attacked in the
worst possible conditions.
1130
01:30:48,417 --> 01:30:50,884
But they knew they were going to
do it and they were ready for it
1131
01:30:50,952 --> 01:30:52,085
and we were not.
1132
01:30:52,154 --> 01:30:54,621
So the advantage went to them.
1133
01:31:31,258 --> 01:31:34,125
NARRATOR: A massive German
force attacks the Allies on a
1134
01:31:34,194 --> 01:31:39,197
100 KM front centered in
the rugged Ardennes Forest.
1135
01:31:40,007 --> 01:31:42,625
Thick cloud cover keeps
Allied planes grounded,
1136
01:31:42,872 --> 01:31:48,543
unable to exploit
their air superiority.
1137
01:31:48,611 --> 01:31:51,979
A German break- through here
could cripple or even reverse
1138
01:31:52,048 --> 01:31:54,382
the Allied push toward Germany.
1139
01:32:00,256 --> 01:32:04,091
The frontline SS troops
show their typical disdain
1140
01:32:04,160 --> 01:32:07,361
as they loot and
burn across the area.
1141
01:32:09,399 --> 01:32:12,266
Near the town of Malmedy
they murder more than
1142
01:32:12,335 --> 01:32:15,670
300 American POW's.
1143
01:32:21,778 --> 01:32:25,112
The Allied lines
scramble to firm up,
1144
01:32:25,181 --> 01:32:28,816
But German armored columns punch
a huge bulge in the American
1145
01:32:28,885 --> 01:32:33,387
defenses, threatening to split
the Allied advance in two.
1146
01:32:34,390 --> 01:32:38,626
For both sides no point is
more crucial than Bastogne.
1147
01:32:38,695 --> 01:32:43,097
All major roads intersect
this small Belgian town.
1148
01:32:46,035 --> 01:32:49,837
The 101st Airborne-including
Buck Compton and Earl Mcclung
1149
01:32:49,906 --> 01:32:53,307
is ordered
into the breach.
1150
01:32:53,376 --> 01:32:56,444
But as they make their
way into Bastogne,
1151
01:32:56,512 --> 01:33:01,582
they're confronted with their
fellow troops...in retreat.
1152
01:33:01,651 --> 01:33:03,951
LT. Buck Compton: We start
going up the road, pretty soon,
1153
01:33:04,020 --> 01:33:09,323
we see these American soldiers
comin' this way with no weapons
1154
01:33:09,392 --> 01:33:14,996
and their eyes bugged out, They
had been overrun that division
1155
01:33:15,064 --> 01:33:20,601
just actually under
fire caved in and we had
1156
01:33:20,670 --> 01:33:22,637
to go and plug it up.
1157
01:33:25,775 --> 01:33:29,143
NARRATOR: The 101st truck into
Bastogne and join the town's
1158
01:33:29,212 --> 01:33:30,945
ragged defenders.
1159
01:33:33,182 --> 01:33:36,050
LT. Buck Compton: We were
just gettin' the hell shelled
1160
01:33:36,119 --> 01:33:37,485
out of us.
1161
01:33:37,553 --> 01:33:41,656
God-awful bombardment, you know,
I could taste the gunpowder in
1162
01:33:41,724 --> 01:33:45,593
in my mouth from the air.
1163
01:33:45,662 --> 01:33:46,560
Earl McClung: They asked
us how we survived.
1164
01:33:46,629 --> 01:33:47,895
Some of the guys didn't.
1165
01:33:47,964 --> 01:33:52,900
You know, they lost arms,
legs, feet, ears, hands,
1166
01:33:52,969 --> 01:33:56,537
they say I was out there
huntin' Germans all the time.
1167
01:33:56,606 --> 01:33:58,372
I was out there
walkin' to keep warm.
1168
01:33:58,441 --> 01:34:01,275
That's what I was doing, to
keep from freezin' to death.
1169
01:34:03,012 --> 01:34:05,379
NARRATOR: The Americans
defending the Belgian town earn
1170
01:34:05,448 --> 01:34:09,483
the nickname The Battered
Bastards of Bastogne.
1171
01:34:11,888 --> 01:34:16,490
Earl McClung: We knew we was
surrounded..We were just,
1172
01:34:16,559 --> 01:34:19,260
one beat up division
against seven.
1173
01:34:21,731 --> 01:34:24,165
NARRATOR: In fierce fighting
the Germans fail to pierce
1174
01:34:24,233 --> 01:34:28,736
the American defenses.
1175
01:34:28,805 --> 01:34:31,038
When the Germans offer
terms for surrender,
1176
01:34:31,107 --> 01:34:36,844
Brigadier General Anthony
Mcauliffe replies, Nuts!
1177
01:34:36,913 --> 01:34:39,180
AL Irzak: When the Germans got
the word nuts, they said, nuts?
1178
01:34:39,248 --> 01:34:40,581
What that nuts?
1179
01:34:40,650 --> 01:34:42,283
They didn't understand
that at all.
1180
01:35:05,641 --> 01:35:07,308
Benjamin Patton: The only
person who stood up and said
1181
01:35:07,377 --> 01:35:09,543
that he was able to do
so, is my grandfather.
1182
01:35:09,612 --> 01:35:11,712
He said, he said very famously
that he could engage
1183
01:35:11,781 --> 01:35:13,814
three divisions in
forty-eight hours.
1184
01:35:13,883 --> 01:35:16,183
Now keep in mind that his troops
were about a hundred miles
1185
01:35:16,252 --> 01:35:19,320
south of Bastogne Eisenhower
just didn't believe it.
1186
01:35:19,389 --> 01:35:21,689
My grandfather passed along
the code words to his chief of
1187
01:35:21,758 --> 01:35:27,027
staff, 'play ball' and three
divisions turned and quickly
1188
01:35:27,096 --> 01:35:30,264
engaged the Germans
near Bastogne.
1189
01:35:32,568 --> 01:35:35,269
AL Irzak: We moved
all night, all day,
1190
01:35:35,338 --> 01:35:38,239
and half the next night.
1191
01:35:38,307 --> 01:35:44,545
In these terrible, slippery,
icy roads, and we got within,
1192
01:35:44,614 --> 01:35:47,014
8 miles of Bastogne.
1193
01:35:50,653 --> 01:35:53,921
NARRATOR: At close range, Irzak
recognizes the enormous scale
1194
01:35:53,990 --> 01:35:56,857
of the German effort.
1195
01:35:56,926 --> 01:36:00,528
AL Irzak: Theirs was a
massive, uh, attack that, uh,
1196
01:36:00,596 --> 01:36:04,832
not only affected us, it
affected the whole allied front.
1197
01:36:04,901 --> 01:36:06,233
This was infantry divisions.
1198
01:36:06,302 --> 01:36:10,104
This was tank divisions.
1199
01:36:10,173 --> 01:36:15,309
The Germans got everything
that was available to them
1200
01:36:15,378 --> 01:36:16,911
at that time.
1201
01:36:26,756 --> 01:36:29,457
NARRATOR: The Third Army wades
into the action and presses
1202
01:36:29,525 --> 01:36:31,225
the German lines.
1203
01:36:44,440 --> 01:36:46,841
AL Irzak: They kept going
and we finally stopped them and
1204
01:36:46,909 --> 01:36:50,144
then the fight continued because
we had to push them back.
1205
01:36:50,213 --> 01:36:54,715
So we opened the uh,
corridor into Bastogne.
1206
01:36:54,784 --> 01:36:57,518
NARRATOR: Patton's Third Army
lifts the siege on the day after
1207
01:36:57,587 --> 01:37:01,121
Christmas, 1944.
1208
01:37:01,190 --> 01:37:03,724
Earl McClung: As soon as the sky
cleared there was a C-47 and
1209
01:37:03,793 --> 01:37:07,761
P-51 sittin' right there and,
when that sky cleared and those
1210
01:37:07,830 --> 01:37:09,163
fighters got in there?
1211
01:37:09,232 --> 01:37:11,465
They, they just devastated that.
1212
01:37:15,872 --> 01:37:19,673
NARRATOR: Pounded
from every direction,
1213
01:37:19,742 --> 01:37:26,447
The great Nazi gamble to split
the Allies in half fails.
1214
01:37:26,516 --> 01:37:29,850
Private First Class Ralph
Martire comes across a teenage
1215
01:37:29,919 --> 01:37:34,321
German soldier-one of the many
boys Hitler is now sending
1216
01:37:34,390 --> 01:37:36,557
to the front.
1217
01:37:36,626 --> 01:37:40,761
Ralph Martire: I overtook
him, I hit him with a rifle,
1218
01:37:40,830 --> 01:37:45,533
and he fell down, and I was
going to bayonet him when
1219
01:37:45,601 --> 01:37:50,004
he start, he start
calling for his mother.
1220
01:37:50,072 --> 01:37:53,040
He starts going
Mommy, mommy, mommy.
1221
01:37:53,109 --> 01:37:57,778
I say why are you
calling for your mother?
1222
01:37:57,847 --> 01:38:00,247
He says I don't want to die.
1223
01:38:00,316 --> 01:38:03,417
He says I want my mommy.
1224
01:38:03,486 --> 01:38:04,618
I said All right.
1225
01:38:04,687 --> 01:38:06,520
I'll tell you what.
1226
01:38:06,589 --> 01:38:10,591
I'm going to make it
look like I stabbed ya.
1227
01:38:10,660 --> 01:38:16,730
Pretend you're dead when
I move away from you.
1228
01:38:16,799 --> 01:38:20,267
Okay, he said, Okay.
And I did it.
1229
01:38:45,494 --> 01:38:48,529
NARRATOR: In Manila, the local
Japanese Commander tries to save
1230
01:38:48,598 --> 01:38:51,565
the huge capital city from
destruction and orders
1231
01:38:51,634 --> 01:38:54,101
an evacuation.
1232
01:38:54,170 --> 01:38:58,606
But 20,000 rogue soldiers
refuse, and remain behind.
1233
01:39:00,943 --> 01:39:04,044
The Americans find themselves
in a raging street fight.
1234
01:39:09,185 --> 01:39:11,685
The Japanese unleash a reign
of terror on the civilian
1235
01:39:11,754 --> 01:39:13,153
population.
1236
01:39:17,973 --> 01:39:22,609
The Allies finally prevail;
the city destroyed,
1237
01:39:22,678 --> 01:39:26,746
one hundred thousand of her
inhabitants dead in the streets.
1238
01:41:02,764 --> 01:41:06,966
By January 1945, the Allies
have fought through the Marshall
1239
01:41:07,035 --> 01:41:09,502
and Mariana Islands.
1240
01:41:09,571 --> 01:41:14,140
They now target Japan's last
two strongholds: Iwo Jima
1241
01:41:14,209 --> 01:41:15,942
and Okinawa.
1242
01:41:36,831 --> 01:41:38,431
Richard Fiske: This lieutenant
says well you guys got
1243
01:41:38,499 --> 01:41:40,266
a piece a cake
1244
01:41:40,335 --> 01:41:46,405
he said, Within about 5-7 days
we should be home. Yes sir.
1245
01:41:46,474 --> 01:41:49,442
We took his word for it.
He lied.
1246
01:42:07,176 --> 01:42:10,077
NARRATOR: The Japanese have
spent years preparing Iwo Jima
1247
01:42:10,146 --> 01:42:11,512
for battle.
1248
01:42:11,581 --> 01:42:14,582
The island is on the doorstep of
their mainland and they intend
1249
01:42:14,651 --> 01:42:17,418
to fight for every inch.
1250
01:42:17,487 --> 01:42:20,354
Bill Emerson: I figured
when I went into Iwo Jima
1251
01:42:20,423 --> 01:42:22,890
that my chances of
coming out were nill.
1252
01:42:38,741 --> 01:42:42,310
NARRATOR: Marines Bill Emerson,
Richard Fiske and 70-thousand
1253
01:42:42,378 --> 01:42:45,513
other Americans hit Iwo
Jima's beaches in February,
1254
01:42:45,581 --> 01:42:51,118
1945.The Japanese stop
them dead in their tracks.
1255
01:42:55,191 --> 01:42:58,025
Especially deadly is the fire
crashing down from the looming
1256
01:42:58,094 --> 01:43:01,095
slopes of Mount Suribachi.
1257
01:43:01,764 --> 01:43:03,197
Bill Emerson: The
Japanese were imbedded,
1258
01:43:03,266 --> 01:43:06,300
they were up at Mount Suribachi
and they were firing an 8 inch
1259
01:43:06,369 --> 01:43:10,271
coastal gun point blank at
the troops on the beach.
1260
01:43:13,776 --> 01:43:16,811
As long as they held that, why,
they controlled the island.
1261
01:43:20,850 --> 01:43:23,718
NARRATOR: For three days, the
Marines ruthlessly battle across
1262
01:43:23,786 --> 01:43:28,923
the island and isolate Suribachi
from the rest of the defenders.
1263
01:43:40,703 --> 01:43:44,572
US patrols soon find a route
to the crest of the mountain.
1264
01:43:52,882 --> 01:43:55,082
Richard Fiske: It took us four
days to take Mount Suribachi,
1265
01:43:55,151 --> 01:43:58,719
we haven't even touched
the rest of the island.
1266
01:43:58,788 --> 01:44:03,257
At the cost of about,
almost a thousand Marines.
1267
01:44:06,129 --> 01:44:09,463
NARRATOR: On the fourth day, the
Marines on Mount Suribachi send
1268
01:44:09,532 --> 01:44:14,168
a message to the enemy
and Americans back home.
1269
01:44:14,237 --> 01:44:16,637
Bob Romacker: I just turn
around and looked, you know;
1270
01:44:16,706 --> 01:44:19,106
glance that way,
every now and then.
1271
01:44:19,175 --> 01:44:23,310
And I can see that something's
happening back there.
1272
01:44:23,379 --> 01:44:25,179
And they're puttin' up
this big flag.
1273
01:44:31,287 --> 01:44:32,953
We were only there uh,
1274
01:44:33,022 --> 01:44:39,960
four days, up to that point,
and uh, casualties had been bad.
1275
01:44:42,498 --> 01:44:46,734
Well, it's hard to
describe that moment.
1276
01:44:58,748 --> 01:45:01,916
NARRATOR: The battle for
Iwo Jima is not over.
1277
01:45:01,984 --> 01:45:04,985
Japanese defenses are a
forbidding maze of underground
1278
01:45:05,054 --> 01:45:09,857
bunkers, sniper nests,
and fortified caves.
1279
01:45:12,161 --> 01:45:13,828
Bob Romacker: They wouldn't
come out in the open.
1280
01:45:13,896 --> 01:45:20,101
The underground part of this
island is hard to comprehend,
1281
01:45:20,169 --> 01:45:24,638
it was really a case of they
had to be rooted out of every
1282
01:45:24,707 --> 01:45:28,742
cave or burned.
1283
01:45:35,518 --> 01:45:37,785
NARRATOR: Finally
after five weeks,
1284
01:45:37,854 --> 01:45:40,387
the Marines take the island.
1285
01:45:44,794 --> 01:45:48,062
They lay sixty-three hundred
of their dead comrades
1286
01:45:48,131 --> 01:45:49,897
in long trenches.
1287
01:46:04,180 --> 01:46:07,148
Just over one thousand
Japanese surrender.
1288
01:46:10,753 --> 01:46:13,187
The rest are dead.
1289
01:46:20,296 --> 01:46:22,863
Richard Fiske: If
there was a hell,
1290
01:46:22,932 --> 01:46:25,666
we went through it on Iwo Jima.
1291
01:46:29,071 --> 01:46:34,975
I have never in my life been
through anything like that.
1292
01:46:40,383 --> 01:46:55,129
The carnage, the death was
you'd have to be there to see it
1293
01:47:07,443 --> 01:47:09,410
NARRATOR: All across
the Western front,
1294
01:47:09,478 --> 01:47:11,478
the Allies swarm into Germany.
1295
01:47:29,665 --> 01:47:32,733
Jacob Baroff: We were
in the Ruhr Valley,
1296
01:47:32,802 --> 01:47:37,371
the Ruhr Valley was cut off
and our-our division's job was
1297
01:47:37,440 --> 01:47:40,574
to cut the Ruhr Valley in half.
1298
01:47:53,689 --> 01:47:56,323
NARRATOR: Sgt. Jacob Baroff
marches with the 121st
1299
01:47:56,392 --> 01:47:59,593
Infantry Division as they
cross the Rhine, and trap
1300
01:47:59,662 --> 01:48:02,896
hundreds of thousands of
demoralized Germans
1301
01:48:02,965 --> 01:48:08,269
near the Ruhr River. He
finds shocking remnants
1302
01:48:08,337 --> 01:48:12,806
of Nazi fanaticism, known as
the lebensborn program,
1303
01:48:12,875 --> 01:48:15,175
or spring of life.
1304
01:48:16,545 --> 01:48:19,046
Jacob Baroff: We
captured a baby factory.
1305
01:48:19,115 --> 01:48:22,383
A baby factory was,
a lot of little cottages,
1306
01:48:22,451 --> 01:48:24,785
and they would bring
in the German Arians,
1307
01:48:24,854 --> 01:48:27,655
they had to be six foot tall,
blonde, blue-eyed,
1308
01:48:27,723 --> 01:48:30,557
six generations of being
Germans, at least.
1309
01:48:30,626 --> 01:48:33,360
And uh, they brought
in the women,
1310
01:48:33,429 --> 01:48:36,664
the women became pregnant, the
men were sent back to line,
1311
01:48:36,732 --> 01:48:38,599
the women were
havin' the babies,
1312
01:48:38,668 --> 01:48:40,467
and then when the babies, I
think it was three months,
1313
01:48:40,536 --> 01:48:44,138
they left and the babies were
gonna be raised by the state.
1314
01:48:44,206 --> 01:48:46,674
They were the Praetorian
guard of the German Army
1315
01:48:46,742 --> 01:48:48,242
for the future.
1316
01:49:00,356 --> 01:49:02,990
NARRATOR: 13-hundred Allied
aircraft appear in the night
1317
01:49:03,059 --> 01:49:06,493
skies over the German
city of Dresden.
1318
01:49:08,564 --> 01:49:12,166
Wave after wave drop 4-thousand
tons of explosives and
1319
01:49:12,234 --> 01:49:17,037
incendiaries, igniting an epic
firestorm that turns the city
1320
01:49:17,106 --> 01:49:21,008
a major rail hub into
an ocean of fire.
1321
01:49:27,083 --> 01:49:28,682
Kurt Vonnegut: You'd see
people sitting there as though
1322
01:49:28,751 --> 01:49:32,319
they were on a street car or
as though they were on a tram.
1323
01:49:32,388 --> 01:49:36,023
And they had, what had killed
them was lack of oxygen.
1324
01:49:36,092 --> 01:49:40,127
And they didn't even know
it was happening to them.
1325
01:49:41,263 --> 01:49:43,931
NARRATOR: 22-year-old US Army
Private and future novelist
1326
01:49:43,999 --> 01:49:49,002
Kurt Vonnegut is being held
in Dresden as a POW.
1327
01:49:49,071 --> 01:49:51,438
Kurt Vonnegut: Well, we had
never seen anything like it
1328
01:49:51,507 --> 01:49:53,207
before.
1329
01:49:53,275 --> 01:49:59,713
And, had no idea that, uh
our side was capable of such
1330
01:49:59,782 --> 01:50:02,082
indiscriminant destruction.
1331
01:50:02,151 --> 01:50:07,421
The results were just a total
calamity of civilization.
1332
01:50:10,526 --> 01:50:13,060
NARRATOR: One estimate
places civilian casualties
1333
01:50:13,129 --> 01:50:16,497
at one-hundred thousand.
1334
01:50:16,565 --> 01:50:20,467
The Allied bombs turn Dresden,
like most of the third reich,
1335
01:50:20,536 --> 01:50:21,668
into rubble.
1336
01:50:44,560 --> 01:50:47,594
EAGER TO STRIKE HARD
BLOWS AGAINST THE EMPIRE,
1337
01:50:47,663 --> 01:50:52,766
GENERAL CURTIS LEMAY INTRODUCES
A NEW STRATEGY TO ATTACK JAPAN:
1338
01:50:52,835 --> 01:50:56,203
RISK GREATER AMERICAN
LOSSES BY FLYING IN LOW;
1339
01:50:56,272 --> 01:50:58,272
HIT THE TARGETS
WITH MORE PRECISION,
1340
01:50:58,340 --> 01:51:01,775
AND KILL AS MANY
JAPANESE AS POSSIBLE.
1341
01:51:01,844 --> 01:51:04,211
LEMAY ORDERS THE USE OF
INCENDIARIES TO CREATE
1342
01:51:04,280 --> 01:51:08,315
FIRESTORMS SIMILAR TO
THE DRESDEN OPERATION.
1343
01:51:09,652 --> 01:51:13,554
Tailgunner Richard Vanden Heuve
is assigned to Lemay's unit.
1344
01:51:13,622 --> 01:51:15,456
Richard Vanden Heuvel: You
burn.If it's an area so you saw
1345
01:51:15,524 --> 01:51:17,558
wasn't burning, that's where
they dropped their bombs.
1346
01:51:23,999 --> 01:51:25,732
NARRATOR: The assault groups
sweep in anywhere from
1347
01:51:25,801 --> 01:51:30,904
4 to 5,000 feet over Tokyo,
and drop their loads.
1348
01:51:43,052 --> 01:51:44,318
Richard Vanden Heuvel:
We just burned out the,
1349
01:51:44,386 --> 01:51:48,722
the cities just completely
and put, put them on fire.
1350
01:51:51,227 --> 01:51:52,960
NARRATOR: The firestorm
incinerates more than
1351
01:51:53,028 --> 01:51:55,329
80-thousand civilians.
1352
01:52:11,347 --> 01:52:16,216
Less than 350 miles from
the Japanese mainland,
1353
01:52:16,285 --> 01:52:19,520
Okinawa is defended by over
a hundred-thousand troops.
1354
01:52:34,603 --> 01:52:38,739
Here too, Japanese soldiers
battle to the end.
1355
01:52:40,910 --> 01:52:42,609
But the Americans
encounter great numbers
1356
01:52:42,678 --> 01:52:47,481
of civilians, including this
woman who would also rather
1357
01:52:47,550 --> 01:52:52,085
jump to their deaths than risk
capture by the hated enemy.
1358
01:53:02,231 --> 01:53:07,134
On April 12th, 1945,
with war still raging,
1359
01:53:07,202 --> 01:53:10,571
FDR suffers a stroke and dies.
1360
01:53:35,464 --> 01:53:37,431
Vice President Harry S. Truman,
1361
01:53:37,499 --> 01:53:39,266
with whom Roosevelt
rarely spoke,
1362
01:53:39,335 --> 01:53:42,769
is hastily sworn
in as President.
1363
01:53:56,051 --> 01:53:58,218
Armin Lehmann: When he came
to see us, he was in very,
1364
01:53:58,287 --> 01:54:01,321
very bad physical shape.
1365
01:54:01,390 --> 01:54:03,991
NARRATOR: Hitler Youth Armin
Lehmann is part of a delegation
1366
01:54:04,059 --> 01:54:09,096
that is allowed to meet Der
Fuhrer on his 56th birthday.
1367
01:54:09,164 --> 01:54:13,100
Armin Lehmann: He was shaking so
badly that he had to grasp uh,
1368
01:54:13,168 --> 01:54:16,637
his jacket just to
control his shaking.
1369
01:54:16,705 --> 01:54:20,674
So then he brought his arm
forward and shook my hand.
1370
01:54:20,743 --> 01:54:26,580
And he said, Wieder ein
brave Junger, which meant,
1371
01:54:26,649 --> 01:54:29,049
Again a brave boy.
1372
01:54:39,061 --> 01:54:40,727
Sen. Daniel Inoyue: The
company commander called all
1373
01:54:40,796 --> 01:54:44,998
the officers together, And he
made a startling announcement.
1374
01:54:45,067 --> 01:54:47,534
He says, The war is over.
1375
01:54:49,071 --> 01:54:51,038
Don't tell your men about it.
1376
01:54:53,642 --> 01:54:56,943
NARRATOR: In Tuscany, 2nd Lt.
Daniel Inouye's Commander warns
1377
01:54:57,012 --> 01:55:00,447
him to keep his men on alert.
1378
01:55:00,516 --> 01:55:02,649
Sen. Daniel Inouye: We'll keep
on fighting with the same
1379
01:55:02,718 --> 01:55:04,718
intensity
1380
01:55:09,024 --> 01:55:12,693
because if we slack, he said,
it's going to prolong the war
1381
01:55:12,761 --> 01:55:14,728
and more people will die.
1382
01:55:17,366 --> 01:55:21,702
NARRATOR: On April 21st, 1945,
Inoyue and his platoon are under
1383
01:55:21,770 --> 01:55:25,305
heavy fire trying to take
a ridge in San Torenzo.
1384
01:55:28,310 --> 01:55:31,712
Sen. Daniel Inouye: I had a
bullet through my abdomen,
1385
01:55:31,780 --> 01:55:38,518
somehow it didn't strike
anything precious, just flesh,
1386
01:55:38,587 --> 01:55:41,455
then all of a sudden, there
were three machine gun nests.
1387
01:55:45,427 --> 01:55:47,494
I told the men stay down.
1388
01:55:51,266 --> 01:55:56,203
I got blood all over the place,
and so I said, Get back there.
1389
01:55:56,271 --> 01:55:58,505
NARRATOR: Knowing the war will
soon be over matters little
1390
01:55:58,574 --> 01:56:00,073
to Inouye.
1391
01:56:00,142 --> 01:56:03,543
He has been trained to lead his
men and to destroy the enemy.
1392
01:56:03,612 --> 01:56:05,545
He can do no less.
1393
01:56:15,901 --> 01:56:20,137
In a blistering firefight with
Axis troops in Northern Italy,
1394
01:56:20,206 --> 01:56:22,706
2nd Lieutenant Daniel Inoyue
takes a bullet through
1395
01:56:22,775 --> 01:56:24,708
the stomach.
1396
01:56:24,777 --> 01:56:28,312
Ignoring the pain, he tosses
grenades at two enemy machine
1397
01:56:28,380 --> 01:56:29,780
gun nests.
1398
01:56:29,848 --> 01:56:34,017
He prepares to throw
a third grenade.
1399
01:56:34,086 --> 01:56:37,554
Sen. Daniel Inoyue: My grenade
struck home, but the second one,
1400
01:56:37,623 --> 01:56:45,395
uh, somehow had a rifle grenade
and my elbow disappeared.
1401
01:56:46,165 --> 01:56:49,066
NARRATOR: An enemy projectile
shreds Inouye's right arm,
1402
01:56:49,134 --> 01:56:53,804
but his lifeless hand still
grips his live grenade.
1403
01:56:53,872 --> 01:56:55,472
Sen. Daniel Inouye: My only
concern was the grenade
1404
01:56:55,541 --> 01:57:00,377
in that right hand, and I pulled
it out and then used my gun
1405
01:57:00,446 --> 01:57:03,747
to wipe out the third one.
1406
01:57:03,816 --> 01:57:06,416
Then I got hit in the
leg, and that was it.
1407
01:57:09,855 --> 01:57:11,922
NARRATOR: Inouye remains at
the front for six hours until
1408
01:57:11,991 --> 01:57:14,283
he is finally evacuated.
1409
01:57:16,528 --> 01:57:19,396
Sen. Daniel Inouye: I had to
make certain that the men were
1410
01:57:19,465 --> 01:57:21,832
assigned to their right places.
1411
01:57:21,900 --> 01:57:25,969
I told my sergeant, I'm gonna
tell you a secret you don't tell
1412
01:57:26,038 --> 01:57:26,970
anyone else.
1413
01:57:27,039 --> 01:57:29,239
I told him about
the war being over.
1414
01:57:29,308 --> 01:57:31,174
No heroics.
1415
01:57:31,243 --> 01:57:33,677
Next day he got killed.
1416
01:57:41,787 --> 01:57:44,388
NARRATOR: Italian partisans
capture Benito Mussolini,
1417
01:57:44,456 --> 01:57:47,491
his mistress, and a
few of his supporters.
1418
01:57:47,559 --> 01:57:51,261
They are immediately executed
and hung upside down from meat
1419
01:57:51,330 --> 01:57:54,665
hooks at a gas station in Milan.
1420
01:58:04,023 --> 01:58:07,657
In his fortified bunker, deep
beneath his bombed out offices,
1421
01:58:07,852 --> 01:58:12,221
Adolph Hitler learns that Soviet
troops are only a mile away.
1422
01:58:25,670 --> 01:58:28,604
The following day,
Hitler and Eva Braun,
1423
01:58:28,673 --> 01:58:32,441
his wife of only two
days, kill themselves.
1424
01:58:32,510 --> 01:58:35,778
After giving the corpse of
his Führer a final salute,
1425
01:58:35,847 --> 01:58:38,848
propaganda minister Joseph
Goebbels poisons his
1426
01:58:38,916 --> 01:58:40,216
six children.
1427
01:58:40,284 --> 01:58:44,386
Then he and his wife order
an SS officer to shoot them
1428
01:58:44,455 --> 01:58:46,222
in the back of the head.
1429
01:58:57,368 --> 01:58:59,802
What is left of the German
high command surrenders
1430
01:58:59,871 --> 01:59:01,437
to the Allies.
1431
01:59:01,506 --> 01:59:05,441
After five years and eight
months of unbridled violence,
1432
01:59:05,510 --> 01:59:08,444
the war in Europe is over.
1433
01:59:18,556 --> 01:59:20,422
Harold Baldwin: The first time
we heard about it was through
1434
01:59:20,491 --> 01:59:23,993
the radio from head-, uh, from
our company area that the war,
1435
01:59:24,061 --> 01:59:26,562
Germany surrendered.
1436
01:59:29,151 --> 01:59:30,232
And I can tell you one thing.
1437
01:59:30,301 --> 01:59:36,205
That was the biggest drunk
we ever had. We were drunk.
1438
01:59:51,593 --> 01:59:54,527
NARRATOR: The Nazi concentration
camps house death on a massive
1439
01:59:54,596 --> 01:59:56,362
scale.
1440
01:59:58,520 --> 02:00:02,294
Some living skeletons emerge
from the darkness,-naked,
1441
02:00:02,790 --> 02:00:06,959
their hair shorn, their gold
teeth ripped from their mouths.
1442
02:00:07,028 --> 02:00:10,429
And piles of corpses remain.
1443
02:00:10,542 --> 02:00:14,277
Of the 11 million Jews Hitler
planned to exterminate,
1444
02:00:14,302 --> 02:00:19,672
he succeeded in killing
six million of them.
1445
02:00:19,741 --> 02:00:22,475
Newsreel: The SS and Gestapo
had hurriedly buried many of
1446
02:00:22,543 --> 02:00:25,811
their victims in mass graves
to keep the bodies from falling
1447
02:00:25,880 --> 02:00:28,047
into allied hands.
1448
02:00:28,116 --> 02:00:30,549
They were not successful.
1449
02:00:30,618 --> 02:00:33,919
German civilians were forced to
dig them up and give them decent
1450
02:00:33,988 --> 02:00:35,621
burial.
1451
02:00:41,129 --> 02:00:46,966
Earl McClung: I mean, it was
a, a terrible damn thing to,
1452
02:00:47,034 --> 02:00:49,635
to even s-see.
1453
02:00:59,247 --> 02:01:04,450
A lot of Germans got killed
telling us that didn't happen.
1454
02:01:11,926 --> 02:01:14,360
NARRATOR: With Germany
and Italy out of the war,
1455
02:01:14,429 --> 02:01:17,530
Japan now feels the full
brunt of Allied power.
1456
02:01:31,512 --> 02:01:34,013
Richard Vanden Heuvel: All those
that you see in war movies,
1457
02:01:34,081 --> 02:01:39,218
you see those big
puffs of black smoke,
1458
02:01:39,287 --> 02:01:43,389
that's that shell exploding and
it raised hell with our engine
1459
02:01:43,458 --> 02:01:46,125
and our wings and
everything else.
1460
02:01:49,130 --> 02:01:51,263
NARRATOR: On his 6th
mission over Japan,
1461
02:01:51,332 --> 02:01:54,600
Tailgunner Richard Vanden Heuvel
sees an anti aircraft shell
1462
02:01:54,669 --> 02:01:57,603
explode just feet
from his plane.
1463
02:01:59,574 --> 02:02:01,273
Richard Vanden Heuvel: The
pilot radioed and said,
1464
02:02:01,342 --> 02:02:03,809
We lost six foot
off the right wing.
1465
02:02:03,878 --> 02:02:05,678
Engine number four is out.
Three is out.
1466
02:02:05,746 --> 02:02:07,680
Bomb bays are shot out.
1467
02:02:07,748 --> 02:02:11,417
And uh, we had some tail damage.
1468
02:02:11,486 --> 02:02:14,653
And that's uh, when we jumped.
1469
02:02:16,724 --> 02:02:19,225
NARRATOR: As the
B29 loses altitude,
1470
02:02:19,293 --> 02:02:22,828
a US submarine patrolling
the area films the crash
1471
02:02:22,897 --> 02:02:24,864
of Vanden Heuval's B-29...
1472
02:02:31,405 --> 02:02:35,341
...and the crew's
subsequent rescue,
1473
02:02:35,409 --> 02:02:39,845
Including Vanden
Heuvel himself.
1474
02:02:48,422 --> 02:02:50,723
Richard Vanden Heuvel: That's
the first time in B-Twenty-Nine
1475
02:02:50,791 --> 02:02:53,692
history that they picked
up the whole crew.
1476
02:02:53,761 --> 02:02:54,793
That was unheard of.
1477
02:02:54,862 --> 02:02:57,596
Usually, you pick
up three or four.
1478
02:02:57,665 --> 02:02:59,965
They just don't pick
up the whole crew.
1479
02:03:00,034 --> 02:03:02,268
But they did pick
up the whole crew.
1480
02:03:19,854 --> 02:03:22,688
NARRATOR: The Japanese military
now decides to fully implement
1481
02:03:22,757 --> 02:03:28,727
its policy of kamikaze
or divine wind.
1482
02:03:28,796 --> 02:03:32,131
Suicide pilots toast their
homeland and Emperor;
1483
02:03:32,199 --> 02:03:34,600
board planes loaded
with explosives,
1484
02:03:34,669 --> 02:03:38,938
and fly those planes
into Allied ships.
1485
02:03:39,006 --> 02:03:43,042
Albert D'Amico witnesses
the horror firsthand.
1486
02:03:45,613 --> 02:03:48,747
Albert D'Amico: The kamikaze
was bombarding and sinking
1487
02:03:48,816 --> 02:03:52,217
our ships, left and right.
1488
02:03:57,158 --> 02:03:59,858
NARRATOR: The policy
proves terribly effective.
1489
02:03:59,927 --> 02:04:04,797
kamikazes sink 27 Navy vessels,
killing almost 5-thousand
1490
02:04:04,865 --> 02:04:06,432
sailors.
1491
02:04:15,743 --> 02:04:17,977
Albert D'Amico: They were
attacking us every day,
1492
02:04:18,045 --> 02:04:20,145
day and night.
1493
02:04:20,214 --> 02:04:22,848
They wouldn't let us
sleep, in other words,
1494
02:04:22,917 --> 02:04:27,119
we were up all
night and all day,
1495
02:04:27,188 --> 02:04:32,057
some of us fell asleep while
on our anti-aircraft guns.
1496
02:04:46,240 --> 02:04:49,908
NARRATOR: Back on Okinawa,
flame throwers, tanks,
1497
02:04:49,977 --> 02:04:53,045
air and ground assaults
slowly annihilate
1498
02:04:53,114 --> 02:04:54,413
the Japanese defenders.
1499
02:05:01,822 --> 02:05:06,825
150,000 civilians
die in the maelstrom.
1500
02:05:07,828 --> 02:05:14,099
When it finally ends on June
22nd, 1945, 12,500 Allied troops
1501
02:05:14,168 --> 02:05:19,672
are dead and 64,000 are
wounded or shell shocked
1502
02:05:19,740 --> 02:05:23,609
Okinawa stands as the bloodiest
battle in the Pacific war.
1503
02:05:48,536 --> 02:05:51,236
At the allied
conference at Potsdam,
1504
02:05:51,305 --> 02:05:54,039
President Truman learns the
atomic bomb was successfully
1505
02:05:54,108 --> 02:05:55,741
tested.
1506
02:05:57,445 --> 02:06:00,279
The Allies calculate the costs
of invading Japan's home
1507
02:06:00,347 --> 02:06:06,351
islands: at least a quarter of
a million American casualties.
1508
02:06:06,420 --> 02:06:08,353
After discussing
it with Churchill,
1509
02:06:08,422 --> 02:06:12,424
Truman decides to use this
new weapon against Japan.
1510
02:06:24,371 --> 02:06:26,572
COL. Paul Tibbets: Our takeoff
was perfectly routine.
1511
02:06:26,640 --> 02:06:29,575
We climb up to our altitude
started on our way to
1512
02:06:29,643 --> 02:06:32,377
rendezvous at Iwo Jima.
1513
02:06:32,446 --> 02:06:36,181
NARRATOR: A specially-fitted
B-29 named the Enola Gay carries
1514
02:06:36,250 --> 02:06:40,719
Little Boy, a bomb that uses
a uranium bullet to cause
1515
02:06:40,788 --> 02:06:43,122
a nuclear explosion.
1516
02:06:43,190 --> 02:06:44,890
Maj. Thomas Ferebee: My
navigator had me perfectly
1517
02:06:44,959 --> 02:06:47,326
lined up with the target.
1518
02:06:47,394 --> 02:06:49,261
When I clutched
in with my sight,
1519
02:06:49,330 --> 02:06:53,432
I could clearly see the city of
Hiroshima within my bomb site.
1520
02:07:01,208 --> 02:07:03,008
Capt. William S. Parsons:
The bomb was finally released,
1521
02:07:03,077 --> 02:07:07,546
exactly at the designated hour,
and the explosion occurred
1522
02:07:07,615 --> 02:07:09,782
as planned.
1523
02:07:27,067 --> 02:07:30,269
COL. Paul Tibbets: We saw this
cloud of boiling dust and debris
1524
02:07:30,337 --> 02:07:34,540
below us with this
tremendous mushroom on top.
1525
02:07:34,608 --> 02:07:38,777
Beneath that was hidden the
ruins of the city of Hiroshima.
1526
02:07:40,147 --> 02:07:43,649
NARRATOR: 70-thousand civilians
die in the explosion.
1527
02:07:43,717 --> 02:07:46,618
Another 70- thousand
are injured.
1528
02:07:53,928 --> 02:07:57,996
Japan's fanatical leaders
debate possible responses,
1529
02:07:58,065 --> 02:08:00,465
but do not surrender.
1530
02:08:19,098 --> 02:08:23,100
A second nuclear bomb called
Fat Man uses plutonium to create
1531
02:08:23,169 --> 02:08:25,169
a nuclear blast.
1532
02:08:25,507 --> 02:08:31,845
It's loaded onto a B-29 named
Bockscar and flies toward Japan.
1533
02:08:31,914 --> 02:08:35,582
The primary target is the
Japanese city of Kokura,
1534
02:08:35,651 --> 02:08:39,286
which is shrouded
in cloud cover.
1535
02:08:39,355 --> 02:08:41,388
Maj. Charles Sweeney:
We made, uh, three runs on it,
1536
02:08:41,457 --> 02:08:44,157
but were unable to get into it.
1537
02:08:44,226 --> 02:08:47,961
We, uh, picked our route
into the secondary target,
1538
02:08:48,030 --> 02:08:50,130
which was Nagasaki.
1539
02:08:50,199 --> 02:08:52,199
Captain Kermit Beahan: When the
clouds opened up our target was
1540
02:08:52,267 --> 02:08:54,267
there, pretty as a picture.
1541
02:08:54,336 --> 02:08:57,270
I made the run, let the bomb go.
1542
02:09:05,374 --> 02:09:08,515
NARRATOR: Fat Man detonates over
an industrial area in a valley
1543
02:09:08,584 --> 02:09:10,484
in the city.
1544
02:09:10,552 --> 02:09:13,387
The hilly geography
limits the damage.
1545
02:09:13,873 --> 02:09:19,460
Nonetheless, the explosion
kills 75,000 Japanese.
1546
02:09:23,821 --> 02:09:27,323
Sen. Daniel Inouye:
My reaction was horror
1547
02:09:27,391 --> 02:09:30,860
in the fact that it could
devastate a whole city,
1548
02:09:35,199 --> 02:09:40,102
but I didn't blame the President
at all. you either use this,
1549
02:09:40,171 --> 02:09:44,740
kill a ton of people or not
use it and lose a ton of people
1550
02:09:44,809 --> 02:09:49,445
on our side. That's no choice.
1551
02:09:56,020 --> 02:09:58,387
NARRATOR: Six days
later, Emperor Hirohito,
1552
02:09:58,456 --> 02:10:01,457
Noting Russia's declaration of
war on Japan and the presence
1553
02:10:01,526 --> 02:10:06,028
of a new and terrible weapon,
finally orders his military
1554
02:10:06,097 --> 02:10:10,099
to surrender all Japanese
forces to the Allies.
1555
02:10:41,145 --> 02:10:46,148
The battleship USS Missouri
steams into Tokyo Bay.
1556
02:10:46,217 --> 02:10:49,718
On September 2nd, Japanese
diplomat Mamoru Shigemitsu
1557
02:10:49,787 --> 02:10:54,890
and General Yoshijiro Umezu sign
the formal surrender documents.
1558
02:10:54,959 --> 02:10:59,128
General Douglas MacArthur
leads the Allied delegation.
1559
02:11:01,232 --> 02:11:06,068
Douglas Macarthur: From this
solemn occasion a better world
1560
02:11:06,137 --> 02:11:09,471
shall emerge out of the blood
and carnage of the past,
1561
02:11:15,780 --> 02:11:19,748
A world dedicated to
the dignity of man,
1562
02:11:19,817 --> 02:11:25,621
and the fulfillment of his most
cherished wish, for freedom,
1563
02:11:25,690 --> 02:11:28,224
tolerance, and justice.
1564
02:11:42,106 --> 02:11:44,607
NARRATOR: More than 50 countries
suffer casualties during
1565
02:11:44,675 --> 02:11:46,909
World War Two.
1566
02:11:51,983 --> 02:11:54,683
Over 24 million military deaths
1567
02:11:58,656 --> 02:12:02,591
And 45 million civilians killed.
1568
02:12:15,439 --> 02:12:16,939
LT. Buck Compton: I'm glad I
did it. I wouldn't trade it
1569
02:12:17,008 --> 02:12:18,407
for anything.
1570
02:12:18,476 --> 02:12:22,811
Not that it was fun, but I think
of it as it's a part of my life
1571
02:12:22,880 --> 02:12:26,782
And just lucky that
I lived through it.
1572
02:12:30,288 --> 02:12:32,288
LT. Col. Harold Brown:
Had we not won that war,
1573
02:12:32,356 --> 02:12:36,325
then life as we
know it would never,
1574
02:12:36,394 --> 02:12:39,061
would never have existed again.
1575
02:12:50,875 --> 02:12:51,840
Earl McClung:
Somebody says, Well,
1576
02:12:51,909 --> 02:12:54,076
what are you over
there fighting for?
1577
02:12:54,145 --> 02:12:57,079
I said, So you wouldn't have
to learn to speak German.
1578
02:12:59,216 --> 02:13:02,318
NARRATOR: They knew
why they fought.
1579
02:13:02,386 --> 02:13:07,456
They knew every day
could be their last.
1580
02:13:07,525 --> 02:13:09,792
But they kept on doing...
1581
02:13:11,929 --> 02:13:13,662
...and dying.
1582
02:13:13,731 --> 02:13:16,432
Alice Matthews: You couldn't
imagine, young boys,
1583
02:13:16,500 --> 02:13:21,337
faces shot off. Legs
blown off from land mines.
1584
02:13:21,405 --> 02:13:22,938
And they never complained.
1585
02:13:24,275 --> 02:13:25,674
War is hell.
1586
02:13:25,743 --> 02:13:27,543
And we saw it firsthand.
1587
02:13:32,316 --> 02:13:34,717
Al Irzyk: Our generation
was an odd generation.
1588
02:13:34,785 --> 02:13:38,354
We came home from the war and
everyone wanted to resume
1589
02:13:38,422 --> 02:13:44,093
his life and uh, there was no
patting them on the back uh,
1590
02:13:44,161 --> 02:13:45,461
look what all that I did.
1591
02:13:45,529 --> 02:13:48,597
They, they bore
in, they got jobs,
1592
02:13:48,666 --> 02:13:50,099
they went on with
their business.
1593
02:13:50,167 --> 02:13:52,401
So they didn't talk
much about the war.
1594
02:13:57,775 --> 02:13:59,575
Sam Fuller: I just
took it for granted.
1595
02:13:59,643 --> 02:14:01,677
We all figured we'd
come out alive.
1596
02:14:01,746 --> 02:14:03,512
But down deep, we
knew we wouldn't.
1597
02:14:12,990 --> 02:14:17,393
Ralph Martire: I'm very proud
that I was able to do what I did
1598
02:14:17,461 --> 02:14:21,830
help out this country
as much as I did, if I did,
1599
02:14:21,899 --> 02:14:27,836
and I'm proud of all the
veterans that served with me
1600
02:14:27,905 --> 02:14:33,008
and all the veterans that didn't
come home, they're the heroes.
1601
02:14:42,019 --> 02:14:43,519
I'm not.
1602
02:14:48,125 --> 02:14:49,892
I came home.
1603
02:14:54,231 --> 02:14:57,066
That's all I can say I guess.
129051
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