All language subtitles for Spy-in-the-Wild-S01E02-1080p-BluRay-x264-TAXES

The world is full
of extraordinary animals.

But how well
do we really understand them?

How do they really
think and feel?

To find out, a team
of Spy Creatures

is going undercover.

They not only look
like part of the family,

they behave like them, too.

Armed with the latest
camera technology,

they are going
to travel the globe

to understand the true nature
of the animals they meet,

and reveal how intelligent
they really are,

how badly behaved they can be,

how important
friendship is to them,

and if it's possible that they
can truly love each other.

What they discover

will change our perception
of animals forever.

Perhaps they are more like us

than we
ever believed possible.

www.fmsubs.com

When it comes to solving
life's problems,

just how clever
can animals be?

In the forest in Borneo

lives one of our closest
animal relatives,

the orang-utan.

These great apes share
97% of our DNA.

They're one of the most
intelligent animals on earth.

To film the behaviour
of these shrewd primates

requires an exceptionally
lifelike Spy Creature.

To be totally convincing,

Spy Orang-utan must mimic
their facial expressions.

Rather than bare her teeth,
she needs to appear friendly.

By sending out
the right signals,

she soon draws attention.

Adult males are always
interested in any new female.

But he needs some convincing

that all is quite
what it seems.

Spy Orang-utan
pouts her mouth,

a sign she's not a threat.

As news gets around,

a young male
comes to investigate,

and he, too, seems unsure.

Time for some
careful reflection.

He keeps a safe distance,

and finds an imaginative way to
test the Spy Creature's reactions.

It's a somewhat unorthodox way
to make new friends.

Solving problems creatively
is proof of a clever mind.

Over time, as more orang-utans
visit the strange new creature,

confidence grows
that she's not a threat.

One youngster
seems especially curious.

Young orang-utans learn

by constantly interrogating
their surroundings,

and everything in it.

Spy Orang-utan
captures a unique view

of an intelligent
young mind developing.

Curiosity satisfied,
he heads back.

Among these orang-utans,
the thirst for knowledge

has inspired
some astonishing behaviour.

Careful to keep her baby dry,
the mother leaves the jungle

to visit
an old research outpost.

This is the human world,

a treasure trove
for inquiring minds.

She quietly helps herself.

A bar of soap.

She carries her find in
her mouth back to the forest.

And joins a friend.

They appear to use the soap
just as we would.

Around 40 years ago,

rescued orang-utans released
here learnt to use soap

by watching local people
washing in the river.

But, remarkably,

these orang-utans
were born in the wild,

so the idea has spread
among the wild population.

The sharing of the soap
suggests how new orang-utans

may have learnt the technique.

It's become a form
of animal culture,

passed on to the young,

something only seen among
a few intelligent species.

Why they are so keen
to lather up is intriguing,

and not completely understood.

But then, nearby,
a female does something

that might shed light on
this extraordinary behaviour.

She chews a piece of bark,

and creates
a frothy lather in her mouth,

just like soap suds.

Rubbing it on her arm,

she makes the same movements

as she would
if washing with soap.

But, then, starts to eat it.

Orang-utans are known to use
medicinal leaves in similar ways.

So perhaps the bark has
therapeutic qualities, too.

Maybe soap-washing
caught on so easily

because it mirrored
their natural behaviour.

They also eat the suds,

and strangely,
they seem to enjoy the taste.

It doesn't harm
them in any way.

Perhaps, it aids
their digestion, too.

And now, Spy Orang-utan
gives it a try,

much to
the real one's fascination.

Intelligent curiosity is vital
for orang-utan survival

in a complex jungle world.

In the cold and harsh
conditions of Alaska,

animals also rely
on their wits to stay alive.

Here, sea otters
gather together

in congregations
known as rafts.

They are notoriously
difficult to approach.

So Spy Sea Otter

offers the best chance
to infiltrate their world.

He approaches slowly,

and soon captures
some of the closest,

and most intimate
views possible.

Happy he's harmless,

the otter gets on
with his daily routine.

Wherever he goes, Spy Otter
keeps a spying eye on him.

Sea otters spend up to 50%
of their time feeding,

catching seafood delicacies,
such as clams and crabs.

But some shells are just too
tough for their teeth to crack.

This is where
their ingenuity comes in.

Stones are dredged
from the seabed,

then placed
on their chests, as anvils.

He can then crack
even the toughest shell.

It's a brilliant solution,

but a mother with a new-born
faces a problem.

How to feed
with a baby on board?

Newborn otters are covered
with soft, downy fur

to keep them warm and buoyant.

It takes three months to gain
the waterproof adult fur

needed to dive underwater.

So, when he's wet
and bedraggled,

the mother grooms
his fur and blows in air

to keep him dry and buoyant.

Having spruced him up
into a floating fuzz-ball,

she confidently leaves him
to bob about on his own.

She's now free
to dive for food,

leaving baby asleep
in his furry floatation suit.

When he awakes,
he finds his mother has gone.

He swims to reach her, but
he's now fighting the tide.

But his mother
must eat while she can.

The survival of both
depends on it.

Her baby may be struggling,

but here, mothers
believe in tough love.

She can't miss
the opportunity to feed.

No matter how vigourously
her baby swims,

the current carries him away.

But his mother is smarter and
more caring than she seems.

Far from being neglectful,

she's teaching her baby
a vital survival lesson.

He's been born
into a tough world.

These sea swells are nothing

compared with what
he'll face in the future.

Intelligent animals spend a lot of
time teaching their youngsters.

It's how
they pass on vital skills.

Now, another lesson.

In rough weather, sea otters
wrap themselves in kelp

to use as an anchor.

Sometimes, it helps to cosy
up with someone else.

Spy Otter tries it out.

Clearly, this is harder
than it looks.

In this harsh environment,

the otters' intelligence
helps them eke out a living.

The arid forests
of north-east Brazil

could hardly
be more different,

but here, too, necessity
is the mother of invention.

It's so dry,

bearded capuchins find
little in the way of fruit.

Instead, they have to make do
with dried seeds and nuts.

But these nuts
have incredibly hard shells.

To crack them open,
they use stones as tools,

some almost as
heavy as they are.

It's a cultural tradition

that's thought to be
at least 700 years old.

Spy Rock stakes out their
favourite nut-cracking site.

It takes
both skill and intelligence

to perfect the technique.

But the rewards are great,

even if a little bitter.

Rolling the nut
removes the unpleasant pith.

These techniques can take three
years or more to truly master.

First, he uses smell to
select the perfect nut,

then, looks for a good spot,

one where it won't roll away.

It's a frustrating business.

Success!

But it's never that easy, and
a branch isn't a good choice.

He's learning the hard way

that wood is far too bouncy
to work as an anvil.

There is only so much frustration
any monkey can take.

Time to think this through.

At around 18 months old,

young monkeys start seriously
practising using stone tools.

Spy Rock is designed to be the
monkey's favourite shape and weight.

But it's far too heavy
for a little one to lift.

It may capture his interest,

but it's no use to him at all.

But could it work
for someone else?

Spy Rock may be
the best weight for the job,

but it takes
all his strength to lift it.

This time, he's learnt
from his mistakes

and picks an anvil used by
the more experienced monkeys.

But will it do the trick?

He's done it.

It's a significant moment.

Capuchins only survive
here by being smart,

and learning
from trial and error,

but such intelligence
is not confined to primates.

In the cloud forests
of New Caledonia,

an island east of Australia,

lives one of the world's
cleverest birds,

the New Caledonian crow.

These crafty characters have many
ingenious ways of finding a meal.

Spy Crow is here to film just what
these super-smart birds can do.

This one has found
the fruit of a candlenut tree.

It's a hard nut to crack,

and her beak
is not up for the job.

Fortunately, she has
an ingenious solution.

She places it
in the cleft of a tree.

One with a stone
directly beneath.

Spy Crow is in
one of the few secret spots

where a branch
of the correct height

is perfectly aligned
with a rock below.

The crow takes aim
with meticulous precision.

Then, bombs away!

But these
are seriously tough nuts.

So around here,
crows don't give up easily.

This time, she's cracked it.

But the crow's intelligence
doesn't end here.

To enjoy the opportunities
the forest has to offer,

it pays to be creative.

Even the rotting trunks
of candlenut trees

contain hidden treasures.

It just takes a bit
of know-how to find them.

A fat and juicy
longhorned beetle larva.

To capture the crow's
ingenious hunting skills,

a Spy Grub is concealed
in the rotten wood.

The crow's keen vision
soon pinpoints the real larva,

but it won't be easy to reach.

However, this is
a bird with a plan.

She selects a tool
of the perfect length.

Under Spy Crow's watchful eye,
she probes deep into the hole,

dextrously aiming
for the larva's jaws.

Its bite seals its fate.

The crow disarms the larva
by removing its powerful jaws.

The grubs are
so large and nutritious,

a few a day is all she needs.

Caledonian crows
acquire their knowledge

through both practise
and learning from others.

The crow calls down a young family
member for some one-to-one tuition.

What makes
Caledonian crows so special

is their skill at manufacturing
the right tool for the job.

First, she removes
the leafy end.

She holds it on her left side,
a matter of personal choice.

She makes it look so easy.

Time for the juvenile
to have a go.

But it doesn't quite reach.

This should do the trick.

But he's got to get
the grub to bite,

and that's not so easy.

It's tantalisingly close.

The stick is a bit too long,
so he decides to shorten it.

It's now spot-on.

His newly-acquired skills
pay off.

Spy Crow tests
how difficult it really is.

Now, that's what's called
beginner's luck!

Crows are certainly smart,

but when it comes
to using tools,

our nearest animal
relatives are king.

In Senegal,
the chimps' favourite snacks

are found in these huge
termite mounds.

And they, too,
use sticks to catch them.

The chimps fish out termites

by getting them
to bite the sticks.

Youngsters learn to make
these simple tools

by watching the adults.

But stealing
from Mum is easier.

Better still, he's been
given one to practise with.

Even at this age, they start
adapting what they have,

then graduate to selecting and
modifying their own sticks.

There's quite an art
to using them.

It takes a good four to five
years to perfect the technique.

Termites have a painful bite,
so they need to be careful.

The chimps' mastery
of sticks doesn't end here.

This is Spy Bushbaby.

He's based on an animal
they naturally hunt.

Hiding in his protective log,
he's arousing great curiosity.

All seems calm,

but this young male
is reaching maturity.

So, when a female arrives,
he's desperate to impress.

And this bushbaby
is bigger than normal,

so it could be the male's
chance to make an impression.

He checks she's watching,
and begins his performance.

For her eyes only,

an ostentatious
show of bravado.

A classic case of showing off.

He checks she's still looking,

then ups the ante.

Branches make
a flamboyant weapon.

But she's seen
straight through him.

It's all a bit embarrassing.

Trying to impress a female
by taking on Spy Bushbaby

was somewhat ill-advised.

Females are the experts
at hunting real bush babies.

They use
a well-crafted weapon,

a spear.

During the day, when their
prey hide in hollow trees,

the chimps use sharpened
sticks to catch them.

The best hunters continually
modify their weapon

to suit the shape
and depth of the hole.

The male has
a less refined technique.

His spear isn't even straight.

It's a huge contrast with the
considered expertise of the female.

The male favours brute force.

When the stick breaks,
he even tries to scare it out.

Fortunately, the youngsters
generally learn from their mother.

But, the male perseveres,

and this time, he's made a bit
more effort with his spear.

It's just a shame
he didn't make it shorter.

There's little
for a young one to learn here.

For the youngsters,

just making a stick
is an achievement.

Making one long and strong
enough is even harder.

It's both
technically complicated,

and hugely frustrating.

Even for the experts, there
are no guarantees of success.

The bushbaby squeezes out,
and in a flash, it's gone.

But there is one bushbaby

that might
just be easier to catch.

This female comes prepared,

but uses a thicker branch
to test the reaction.

She fashions a better weapon,

but then, has second thoughts.

She tickles it instead.

Spy Bushbaby
lives to spy another day.

Intelligence allows animals
to solve complex problems.

The inhabitants
of the Amazon Rainforest

have their own wealth
of specialist knowledge.

This is Spy Sloth.

He's here to reveal how the animals
find and use jungle remedies.

25% of our medicines were
discovered in the rainforest,

but its animal inhabitants
know of many more.

He soon attracts the interest
of a real three-toed sloth.

Their first encounter
is a very slow affair.

Spy Sloth's close-up view
reveals something remarkable.

It's fur is crawling
with other life.

Up to 900 moths and beetles
can live on a single sloth.

They aerate his fur
and prevent infections.

As well as the insects,

84 different fungi
also thrive here.

Many are antibiotic
or antimalarial,

and some have been shown
to destroy cancer cells.

Usually, there is
only one sloth per tree,

so this requires
some careful negotiation.

It's not just the sloth's fur that
harbours a medical treasure trove.

So, it seems,
does the tree it eats.

Cecropia is renowned
by indigenous people

for its curative properties.

It's used to ward off
aches and pains,

treat asthma,

and is even an effective
diabetes treatment.

But sloths aren't the only
animals who have discovered

the rainforest's
medicinal secrets.

Macaws are one of the most
intelligent birds in the world,

and they, too, have extensive
knowledge of jungle remedies.

They gather on these muddy cliffs
for a very particular reason.

To find out why,
Spy Macaw joins the flock.

Cavities mined in the cliffs

reveal the reason
for its attraction.

They eat clay,

a special kind, with
therapeutic qualities.

When food is scarce,

macaws are forced to eat fruit and
seeds containing natural poisons.

This clay
provides the antidote.

It helps neutralise
the toxins in their stomachs,

and prevents
them being absorbed.

In the muddy clay pools below,

other jungle inhabitants are also
seeking remedies of their own.

These are
white-lipped peccaries.

They, too, come
for the health-giving mud.

Spy Peccary has a poolside view
of all the comings and goings.

Like macaws,

peccaries also need help
with their digestion.

And there are other valuable
ingredients in this special mud,

mineral supplements
they can't get elsewhere.

Trips to this
rainforest pharmacy

are a vital part
of the peccaries' lives.

Spy Peccary's presence helps
reassure the nervous visitors

that this clay lick
is safe and predator-free.

Like macaws,
dusky-billed parrotlets

use clay to combat
toxins in their diet,

and gain mineral supplements
in the process.

For male butterflies,

the salts they sip from the
mud are needed for breeding.

When they mate, they pass these
vital minerals to the females.

As the crowds build,

the most secretive creature
of them all pays a visit.

A tapir, a distant relative
of horses and rhinos.

He needs the clay
to kill harmful bacteria

and balance
the acids in his stomach.

Reassured by the gathering,

yet more skittish
creatures arrive.

Black spider monkeys.

Spy Monkey is also filming
and, like Spy Peccary,

his presence
reassures the troop...

that that there
are no predators around.

The monkeys' diet of fruit
lacks essential minerals,

including magnesium, iron,
calcium and phosphorus.

But here, they get all
the supplements they need.

The knowledge of the health-giving
properties of the clay

is passed down
the generations...

from mother to baby.

It's a magical scene, with so
many different creatures

taking advantage of the healing
power of this miraculous mud.

Perhaps one day,
rainforest medicines

will lead us
to more human cures.

Having taken their treatment,

the macaws
return to the jungle,

and its boundless riches.

In North America,

the forest's bounty
is much more fleeting.

So, for grey squirrels,

surviving the winter
needs both brain power

and maybe even
a criminal mind.

Each autumn, a squirrel
buries around 10,000 nuts.

Its memory is so phenomenal,

it can retrieve
up to 4,000 of them.

To achieve this feat,
as winter approaches,

the area of the brain
responsible for memory

enlarges 15%.

The squirrels show
another brainy trait, cunning.

A Spy Squirrel, bearing gifts,

is ready to record their
devious behaviour.

He looks a soft touch,

but the squirrel
needs to be sure.

He lashes his tail
to show confidence.

Fluffing it up
makes him appear bigger,

and shows who's boss.

Spy Squirrel is a pushover.
He's going to be popular.

The nut is immediately
stashed away,

but clever minds
can also be devious,

and this squirrel watches
where the nut is hidden.

As soon as it's buried,
she makes her move.

Okay, if you don't get caught,

but there's
big trouble if you do.

The duped squirrel needs
to be craftier this time.

The crook
may still be watching,

but this is what he wants.

In a shameless display
of overacting,

he pretends to bury his nut.

The thief waits until
the performance is over,

then quietly sneaks in.

But there's no nut
to pilfer here.

Hardly surprising.

It's stashed in his
intended victim's mouth.

With the nut raider
preoccupied,

he can either eat it,
or bury it secretly.

But the thief hasn't abandoned
her life of crime.

Spy Squirrel has a new nut.

One with a camera.

Theft is such an easy option,

around a fifth
of all squirrels

steal nuts,
rather than forage for them.

It's a crafty way of letting
others do the hard work.

But this time, the thief
has picked the wrong nut.

When the snow finally arrives,

the squirrel's phenomenal
memory map comes into its own.

Their hidden stores keep these crafty
little creatures alive until spring.

In a cold, harsh winter,
deception can be a life-saver.

On the sun-drenched
African savannah,

subterfuge is
just as important,

but for a very
different reason.

Here, a male ostrich
and his mate

will raise the offspring of up
to five of his other females.

They put all their eggs
in one basket,

creating one huge nest.

Joining them,
is Spy Ostrich Chick.

For the male,
it's just another member

of his ever-expanding brood.

Spy Chick
is in the perfect spot...

as new life hatches all around.

This Spy Creature receives
the same devotion

and protection
as the real chicks.

With a large brood
to look after,

ostriches are always
alert for danger.

A leopard.

All the young can do is
stick close to their father.

But the female
is a master of deception.

When there's nowhere to hide,

making yourself conspicuous
is the next-best option.

She launches
a carefully planned

and ostentatious display,

one designed to catch
the leopard's attention,

luring him away from where
the babies are hiding.

She pretends she's
injured and helpless,

so tantalising for a predator

the leopard
can't resist following.

But he eventually realises
he's been had.

There will be
no easy meal today.

With the leopard lured away,
the parents can relax.

As much as you can,
with 20 young in tow.

But, perhaps the cleverest
scam in the animal world

can be found in South Africa's
Kalahari Desert.

At the heart of this deception
is the drongo,

a bird that likes
to hang out with meerkats.

To delve deeper into the
crafty world of the drongo,

a new spy camera is needed.

Spy Termite Mound is a natural
part of the landscape,

except it can move,

and, of course,
it has a camera.

The meerkats feel at home
with this new arrival,

and continue
to forage for insects.

While they eat,

a meerkat is on sentry duty,
looking for danger.

Spy Termite Mound gives
a little bit of extra height.

Drongos have keen eyesight,
and as they can perch higher,

they often spot
the danger first.

Martial eagles
are a serious threat.

The drongo's alarm
alerts the meerkats.

They, in turn,
call and run for cover.

Having their own lookout bird helps
the meerkats spend more time feeding.

But there is a price to pay.

The drongo isn't quite
as selfless as he seems,

and has learnt to turn
this alarm to his advantage.

He becomes an expert
on their habits...

learning that when
an adult finds food,

it calls out
to the youngsters to share.

As the food
is about to be exchanged,

the drongo calls the alarm...

but this time,
it's a trick.

As the meerkats abandon
their food and flee,

the drongo steals their meal.

Onto a good thing,

the drongo tries again.

But the meerkats know
when they've been duped.

And this time,
no one reacts at all.

So the drongo takes it
to the next level...

but even screaming the alarm
in their face doesn't work.

The meerkats are smart enough

to know a cheat
when they hear one.

Or are they?

The drongo has
another trick to pull.

This time, the drongo mimics
the meerkats' own alarm call.

It's so accurate,
the meerkats are duped again.

Drongos get over a fifth
of their daily meals

by making false alarms
and stealing.

When he's exhausted
all his tricks,

he tries
a more brazen approach.

But he's pushed
his luck too far.

He must try
his scams elsewhere.

The intelligence of animals
is sometimes so extraordinary,

it can truly amaze.

In Borneo,

the orang-utans have ventured
back to the human world,

and are bathing in the river.

One of the spy cameras
is soon spotted,

inadvertently filming
an intimate moment

when the pair
enjoy the cooling water.

The images captured show an animal
with extraordinary mental capacity,

one that contemplates
and considers

in a way we recognise.

Then, something happens
that confirms

just how similar their way
of thinking is to our own.

At a jungle hut,
this female finds a saw.

Despite being totally wild,

somehow she has worked out
what to do with it.

Like us, orang-utans have
an opposable thumb

that allows them to grasp and
handle objects with precision.

Over 20 years ago, a rescue
orang-utan learnt how to saw

by watching people
constructing the huts here,

but this is a totally
different and wild orang-utan.

She seems to take pride
in her work,

even clearing
away the sawdust.

She's so smart,

she uses her feet as a vise
to steady the branch.

Filming a wild-born
and free-living orang-utan

mastering this complex task
is remarkable.

But now, she's not the only
orang-utan sawing.

Spy Orang-utan has joined her.

It seems to be bringing out
a competitive streak.

She's becoming
even more enthusiastic.

But, for a novice,
sawing is tiring work.

She's lost all momentum.

Then, finally, calls it a day.

Spy Orang-utan may have
machine-like stamina,

but it's the astonishing
and versatile mind

of the real orang-utan,
that's won the day.

She's certainly
earned her rest.

In the animal world,
intelligence shows itself

in ways that, once, we would
never have thought possible.

From the cleverness
of using tools,

to the craftiness
of deception.

Through problem-solving,

to making weapons,

or finding jungle cures,

we're only
just starting to realise

how clever animals really are.

Next time, the Spy Creatures look at
extraordinary animal friendships,

to see how similar
many of them are to our own.

www.fmsubs.com