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Away from the
terrors of World War II,
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away from the battlefields,
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away from the Concentration Camps.
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Adolf Hitler made his
commands secluded away
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deep in the Bavarian Alps.
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Hitler, his family, and
closest allies hid away
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issuing orders for armies across Europe
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while they relaxed, dined,
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and enjoyed an otherworldly peace.
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There's something
chilling about the horror
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of the Nazis being shrouded
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in mundane moments with a family,
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but here captured on film and restored
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to incredible quality,
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these are Hitler's home movies.
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Destined to become Hitler's eventual wife,
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Eva Braun was born into a poor family
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in Munich in 1912.
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She had a Catholic education alongside
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her two sisters, Ilse and Gretl.
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Eva and her sister Gretl were very close
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spending a lot of time together,
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the girls had a lot of hobbies
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such as swimming and skiing.
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At age 17, she took a job working
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for Heinrich Hoffmann,
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the official photographer
of the Nazi Party.
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Working alongside him in his shop,
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Eva discovered her passion for photography
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and film, teaching herself
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how to use a camera and process the film.
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It was working alongside Hoffmann
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that introduced her to Hitler.
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He regularly visited the
shop and took interest in her
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despite being 23 years her senior,
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they went on several dates
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that were kept secret,
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avoiding being seen together in public.
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The seriousness of
Hitler's feelings for Eva,
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were questionable.
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- Hitler met Eva Braun in October 1929,
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she was working as an assistant
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for the photographer in his studio,
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the photographer Heinrich Hoffmann,
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so Hitler visited and it
said that he devoured her
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with his eyes on this first meeting,
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and they're sort of very much that sense
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that she really adored him.
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Then he would take her out on outings
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to the opera to dinner
for a drive that kind
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of thing as she quickly
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became very infatuated with him.
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Working for
Hoffmann allowed her to travel
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with the Nazi Party,
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meaning she could get closer to Hitler
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and be seen around him in public,
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but never alone.
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- She's a very, very difficult character
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to put one's finger on, why?
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Because she was very much kept
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in the background by Hitler,
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because Hitler was very
keen not to lose favor
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with German women,
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by seeming, you know,
by cutting himself off
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with his own wife, or a girlfriend.
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What's remarkable about his appeal
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is that he was absolutely adored
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by so many women.
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I think this is extraordinary
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when you look at Hitler today,
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that is not a physically
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particularly impressive specimen.
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Not I suggest a figure that many women
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would find particularly attractive.
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But a lot of women did
find them attractive
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because he was powerful,
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but also because I think
that he brought out
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a sense of needing to be mothered,
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and people felt that, you know,
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the viewer looks after us,
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but we can also look after him as well.
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And this is why he deliberately and not
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until the very last few days of his life,
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why he never really wanted
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to be publicly associated with a woman,
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I get married or have a girlfriend,
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because he sort of felt
that he was married
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to all German women, and indeed,
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the German people at large.
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Eva was growing increasingly
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attached to Hitler.
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With no attention being shown towards her,
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this influenced her first suicide attempt
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predicted to be around the 10th or 11th
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of August 1932, she shot
herself in the chest
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with her father's pistol.
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Thankfully, the wounds were not fatal.
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This was suggested to be an outcry
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for Hitler's attention.
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After this, he began to commit himself
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to her more,
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and they became supposedly lovers
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by the end of that year,
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she often stayed overnight
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at his Munich apartments,
whilst he was in town.
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Eva was a very mysterious character,
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always being in the
background of all affairs,
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and rarely seen in public,
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the normality of their
relationship was unclear.
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- On the 30th of January 1933,
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Hitler was appointed
chancellor of Germany,
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but of a coalition government.
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So there were just three Nazi posts
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in that coalition government.
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- It's very tempting to think that
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when Hitler comes to power in early 1933,
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that his grip on power
is absolutely total.
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In fact, you know,
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he has a very uneven shaky start,
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he's still quite worried
about public opinion.
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So what he does is a mixture
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of passing various laws that give him more
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and more power, like The Enabling Act,
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that actually makes
him immensely powerful.
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But also, he takes
advantage of various events
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like The Reichstag Fire,
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in which the German parliament
building burns down.
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Now, it's highly likely
but never proven whether
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or not he's actually
burned it down themselves.
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But certainly, in a sense,
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it doesn't matter what happens is,
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is that Hitler and the
Nazis took advantage
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of the Reichstag burning down to show
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that there was a communist plot against
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what the Nazis described
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as still being a democratic government
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and enabled them to seize more power,
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you know, by emergency decree.
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- Very quickly, he turned Germany
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into a one-party state.
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So first of all, he made sure to eliminate
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the influence and power
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of the German political left,
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so the Socialist Party
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and the Communist Party for a start,
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were banned over a short amount
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of time as well.
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The Nazi Party was the
only legal party to.
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- Eventually, January 33,
he becomes chancellor.
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Now don't forget chancellor in Germany,
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and this still remains
today is not at the time,
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the head of state, the head
of state is the president.
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So it's the chancellor, though,
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who has the real executive power.
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By enlarge the opinion of Hitler
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within Nazi Germany
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from the years he was in power from 33,
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all the way through to 1945.
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I mean, it vary considerably.
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Now, of course, you know,
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like a lot of political
leaders coming into power.
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You know, when he started,
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he was really very popular.
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Yes, there were certainly people
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who had misgivings about him.
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But certainly within the first few years
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in which he was in power,
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and it seemed like the
economy was going well,
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you know, the majority
of people in Germany,
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I think it's fair to
say, really liked Hitler.
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And they thought that actually,
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he is transforming our nation.
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We are on our knees.
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And now just a few years later, you know,
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we're almost on top of the world.
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So yes, by and large, to
begin with public opinion
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of Hitler was incredibly positive.
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But of course, this starts to change
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when things go wrong.
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At the beginning of the war,
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he's invading countries
left, right, and center,
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militarily, things are going brilliantly.
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So, therefore, everyone loves the leader.
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But what happens next is, of course,
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Russian campaign goes
badly, and of course,
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that when the Allies
invade Northern France
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on D-day, June 1944,
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and those forces punch
their way into Germany
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and the Russians are punching drum
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the other way. Of course,
people's opinion about Hitler,
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you know, is by and large, negative.
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The big problem for the public, of course,
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is they can't express that negativity,
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because it's a dictatorship.
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But certainly, by the
end of the war, you know,
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January 45, through to
the capitulation in May,
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public opinion of Hitler
is at rock bottom.
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- Hitler's relationship
with her was very much kept
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from public view, and just known among
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the very, very private inner circle
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Hitler likes
to hide Eva from the public,
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as he wanted the German people to see him
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as a focus leader who was committed only
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to his nation.
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He also had the favor
of many German women,
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and was worried his
popularity may decrease
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if he was thought to be betrothed.
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According to a fragments of her diary
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and the account of biographers,
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her second suicide attempt occurred
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in May 1935, she took an overdose
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of sleeping pills when
Hitler failed to make time
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for her in his life.
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This prompted Hitler to provide Eva
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and her sister Gretl
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with an apartment in Munich that year.
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- It's very unclear as to what sort
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of relationship that Hitler actually have
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with Eva Braun, how
sexualized it was, again,
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it's impossible to say, but the fact is,
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it clearly was not a normal
kind of relationship.
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It it wasn't boyfriend and girlfriend.
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I suppose today, we might
call it arm candy in some way,
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but it wasn't public arm candy,
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because Hitler would
never go around in public
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with Eva Braun in the same way
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as politicians today will go around
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with their wife, or their husband,
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or boyfriend, or girlfriend.
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So it's a sort of relationship that sort
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of thinks he should probably have
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to make him feel normal.
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But actually, I don't
think it's a relationship
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that Hilter her really needs.
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The Berghof
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a retreat situated in the
over Salzburg mountains
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above the town of Berchtesgaden.
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Hitler owned a small
house here, and in 1934,
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he began renovations
to extend the property
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and make it a fortress
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for his closest party members.
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Chosen for its isolated location,
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Hitler increasingly spent more
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and more time up in the mountains
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as it was secluded from all other aspects
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of his life, he could relax here
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and escape from his stressful role
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as the dictator of Germany.
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Spending most of his time
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at this hidden retreat
only added to the fear
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00:14:44,230 --> 00:14:46,879
or myth, but also left many questioning
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his dedication to Germany in later years.
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Why was he hiding from his nation?
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When would he make
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another public appearance?
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Hitler had control over
who could gain access
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to The Berghof, meaning only his closest
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and most trusted party members
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would be invited to join him
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for dinners and meetings.
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A large wing was added to the house
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and several additional
buildings were constructed,
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the entire area was fenced off,
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and remaining houses on the mountains
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were purchased by the Nazi Party
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and eventually demolished.
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Hitler had a private guarded road,
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he would travel along
269
00:15:55,670 --> 00:15:58,495
to reach this extensive retreat.
270
00:16:09,380 --> 00:16:11,538
Inclusive members of the Nazi Party
271
00:16:11,539 --> 00:16:13,378
would gather here for events
272
00:16:13,379 --> 00:16:15,809
or to discuss business spending time
273
00:16:15,810 --> 00:16:17,809
with Hitler himself.
274
00:16:28,459 --> 00:16:30,688
Hitler would not rise until 2 p.m.,
275
00:16:30,689 --> 00:16:34,049
and often wouldn't
sleep until after 4 a.m.
276
00:16:34,050 --> 00:16:35,479
He controlled the country
277
00:16:35,480 --> 00:16:38,678
from this mountain retreat
slowly appearing less
278
00:16:38,679 --> 00:16:40,691
and less in public.
279
00:17:33,239 --> 00:17:36,659
- In September 39, Hitler invades Poland,
280
00:17:36,660 --> 00:17:37,939
along with Stalin, Stalin,
281
00:17:37,940 --> 00:17:40,039
also Soviet Russia also invades Poland
282
00:17:40,040 --> 00:17:41,040
at the same time.
283
00:17:41,949 --> 00:17:43,589
But what the world remembers is the fact
284
00:17:43,590 --> 00:17:45,299
that Hitler invaded Poland.
285
00:17:45,300 --> 00:17:47,539
And a couple of days later,
286
00:17:47,540 --> 00:17:50,159
the British declare war on Germany.
287
00:17:50,160 --> 00:17:51,729
- The German population because
288
00:17:51,730 --> 00:17:53,149
of Hitler's popularity,
289
00:17:53,150 --> 00:17:55,558
and even though they had experienced
290
00:17:55,559 --> 00:17:57,699
the horrors of the First World War
291
00:17:57,700 --> 00:17:59,759
and the trench warfare
of the First World War,
292
00:18:00,820 --> 00:18:02,189
and all of the shellshock
293
00:18:02,190 --> 00:18:03,509
and everything that went with it,
294
00:18:03,510 --> 00:18:05,359
because he was so popular,
295
00:18:05,360 --> 00:18:07,269
they might have been
delighted to go to war
296
00:18:07,270 --> 00:18:08,888
in September 1939.
297
00:18:08,889 --> 00:18:10,519
But they went along with it.
298
00:18:10,520 --> 00:18:12,149
Really one of the high points
299
00:18:12,150 --> 00:18:14,859
of Hitler's popularity was, you know,
300
00:18:14,860 --> 00:18:18,521
the image of the Nazis taking over Paris.
301
00:18:44,710 --> 00:18:46,469
All of these attacks
were very sort of quick
302
00:18:46,470 --> 00:18:48,269
and easy victories for that for the Nazis,
303
00:18:48,270 --> 00:18:51,460
and they just fed Hitler's
success and popularity.
304
00:18:56,500 --> 00:18:58,169
In August 1939,
305
00:18:58,170 --> 00:19:01,129
just before the Second
World War broke out,
306
00:19:01,130 --> 00:19:03,899
an alliance was made between Nazi Germany
307
00:19:03,900 --> 00:19:06,698
and the Soviet Union.
308
00:19:06,699 --> 00:19:07,550
And this seems very strange
309
00:19:07,551 --> 00:19:11,308
because we've already
said how Hitler hated
310
00:19:11,309 --> 00:19:13,379
anything to do with Bolshevism, Communism,
311
00:19:13,380 --> 00:19:14,589
and indeed the indeed,
312
00:19:14,590 --> 00:19:17,909
the USSR was his ultimate enemy.
313
00:19:17,910 --> 00:19:20,848
The idea of eradicating
socialism and Bolshevism
314
00:19:20,849 --> 00:19:22,849
from the earth was Hitler's one
315
00:19:22,850 --> 00:19:24,428
of Hitler's main priorities.
316
00:19:24,429 --> 00:19:26,618
So it seemed a bit anomalous
317
00:19:26,619 --> 00:19:28,339
that they would make a pack like that,
318
00:19:28,340 --> 00:19:31,379
but of course, he was just
trying to pave the way
319
00:19:31,380 --> 00:19:33,509
and make the circumstance
right for the war
320
00:19:33,510 --> 00:19:34,839
and that the situation of Poland
321
00:19:34,840 --> 00:19:38,769
so would be easy as the
attack on Poland was,
322
00:19:38,770 --> 00:19:41,799
but then we saw as well
how Hitler's very happy
323
00:19:41,800 --> 00:19:43,789
to tear up a treaty when
it doesn't suit him.
324
00:19:43,790 --> 00:19:47,589
So on the 22nd of June 1941,
325
00:19:47,590 --> 00:19:49,619
the Nazis invaded the USSR
326
00:19:50,600 --> 00:19:51,869
with Operation Barbarossa.
327
00:19:51,870 --> 00:19:55,809
- Stalin's had this packed
with Hitler for years,
328
00:19:55,810 --> 00:19:57,819
and he's thinking Hitler's
never going to invade.
329
00:19:57,820 --> 00:19:59,209
Oh dear.
330
00:19:59,210 --> 00:20:02,609
Hitler goes straight in June 1941,
331
00:20:02,610 --> 00:20:05,759
and again, the Blitzkrieg
Operation Barbarossa,
332
00:20:05,760 --> 00:20:07,349
as it was called in this instance,
333
00:20:07,350 --> 00:20:08,909
was tremendously successful.
334
00:20:08,910 --> 00:20:12,289
And initially, the forces
just went through Russia
335
00:20:12,290 --> 00:20:13,739
like a knife through butter,
336
00:20:13,740 --> 00:20:17,340
and they slaughtered,
pillaged in their wake.
337
00:20:18,360 --> 00:20:22,208
This was an absolutely a dazzling piece
338
00:20:22,209 --> 00:20:24,542
of offensive warfare.
339
00:20:36,750 --> 00:20:38,899
Hitler is always mindful
of public opinion,
340
00:20:38,900 --> 00:20:41,479
I think it's always important to remember
341
00:20:41,480 --> 00:20:44,349
that Hitler does always worry
342
00:20:44,350 --> 00:20:46,679
about what the German
people think about him.
343
00:20:46,680 --> 00:20:49,309
He doesn't just sort of seize power in 33
344
00:20:49,310 --> 00:20:52,269
and then not care. Yeah,
he wants to be liked,
345
00:20:52,270 --> 00:20:55,068
he wants to be popular. He is
a political leader after all,
346
00:20:55,069 --> 00:20:57,239
and all political leaders,
347
00:20:57,240 --> 00:20:59,939
democratic or fascist or otherwise want
348
00:20:59,940 --> 00:21:03,589
to be liked. Now the best way
to make yourself like just
349
00:21:03,590 --> 00:21:07,299
to project an image that
the people can identify
350
00:21:07,300 --> 00:21:09,548
with or respect or admire.
351
00:21:09,549 --> 00:21:12,609
And what he does is he uses propaganda
352
00:21:12,610 --> 00:21:15,468
and photography and film to show him
353
00:21:15,469 --> 00:21:19,631
as this kind of almost
sort of messianic figure.
354
00:21:31,009 --> 00:21:33,119
- The Nazi regime
absolutely hated the Jews
355
00:21:33,120 --> 00:21:34,528
and wanted to get rid of them
356
00:21:34,529 --> 00:21:37,288
from the very beginning.
357
00:21:37,289 --> 00:21:37,820
So we see that with some
of the earlier policies,
358
00:21:37,821 --> 00:21:40,359
but as we get into the wartime period,
359
00:21:40,360 --> 00:21:42,719
of course, the policies become more
360
00:21:42,720 --> 00:21:45,289
and more radicalized
more and more extreme.
361
00:21:45,290 --> 00:21:48,138
So this idea that the
essentially the Nazis created
362
00:21:48,139 --> 00:21:49,909
this idea of a Jewish question
363
00:21:49,910 --> 00:21:53,108
or a Jewish problem
that needed a solution.
364
00:21:53,109 --> 00:21:55,819
And throughout the course
of the Third Reich,
365
00:21:55,820 --> 00:21:57,389
they put into place a variety
366
00:21:57,390 --> 00:21:59,469
of different measures to try to deal
367
00:21:59,470 --> 00:22:01,709
with their so-called Jewish problem,
368
00:22:01,710 --> 00:22:04,439
Hitler's plans for the Jews.
369
00:22:04,440 --> 00:22:07,968
And when he decided to slaughter them,
370
00:22:07,969 --> 00:22:10,048
still remain a topic of a lot
371
00:22:10,049 --> 00:22:12,409
of historical controversy
372
00:22:12,410 --> 00:22:15,369
because there is no
piece of paper that says,
373
00:22:15,370 --> 00:22:17,709
kill all Jews signed a Hitler.
374
00:22:17,710 --> 00:22:20,129
But I think that what is absolutely clear,
375
00:22:20,130 --> 00:22:23,729
is that in conversation,
he would have said to his,
376
00:22:23,730 --> 00:22:25,678
you know, top leaders,
377
00:22:25,679 --> 00:22:28,659
we need to start killing these people.
378
00:22:28,660 --> 00:22:31,338
You know, Hitler was smart enough
379
00:22:31,339 --> 00:22:31,680
to know this shouldn't
be on a piece of paper.
380
00:22:31,681 --> 00:22:33,199
The initial idea is that the Jews
381
00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:35,899
are rounded up into ghettos,
382
00:22:35,900 --> 00:22:37,679
and from those ghettos,
383
00:22:37,680 --> 00:22:38,200
they can then be sent
to concentration camps,
384
00:22:38,201 --> 00:22:42,379
where they can be worked
and worked to death.
385
00:22:42,380 --> 00:22:43,889
And you see these camps all
386
00:22:43,890 --> 00:22:45,200
over occupied Poland,
387
00:22:46,219 --> 00:22:48,448
and all over Germany itself,
388
00:22:48,449 --> 00:22:51,340
suddenly around the time of Barbarossa 41.
389
00:22:52,200 --> 00:22:54,879
It starts to get actually
elimination list,
390
00:22:54,880 --> 00:22:57,439
and you have what's
called Action Reinhardt
391
00:22:57,440 --> 00:22:58,949
and which you got the establishment
392
00:22:58,950 --> 00:23:01,629
of for actual death camps
393
00:23:01,630 --> 00:23:04,221
in what was occupied Poland.
394
00:23:21,999 --> 00:23:23,729
After the
attempted assassination
395
00:23:23,730 --> 00:23:26,995
on Hitler's life, he would
rarely leave The Berghof.
396
00:23:26,996 --> 00:23:29,389
Again, Eva's interest in photography
397
00:23:29,390 --> 00:23:31,819
and film is beneficial today,
398
00:23:31,820 --> 00:23:35,369
giving us an inside look
at the personal life
399
00:23:35,370 --> 00:23:37,989
of Adolf Hitler behind the propaganda
400
00:23:37,990 --> 00:23:39,694
and hard exterior.
401
00:23:49,739 --> 00:23:52,019
Whilst Hitler was enjoying his quiet life
402
00:23:52,020 --> 00:23:55,419
in the mountains, his
beloved Empire was falling.
403
00:23:55,420 --> 00:23:58,269
Eva was described by her cousin as one
404
00:23:58,270 --> 00:24:00,028
of the most unhappy people
405
00:24:00,029 --> 00:24:02,669
she had ever met living a sheltered life
406
00:24:02,670 --> 00:24:05,419
alone didn't fit with her personality.
407
00:24:05,420 --> 00:24:08,609
After her sister married
one of the SS generals,
408
00:24:08,610 --> 00:24:10,799
she was able to spend more time with her
409
00:24:10,800 --> 00:24:13,079
and their friends, but could never get
410
00:24:13,080 --> 00:24:16,169
over her consistent
separation from Hitler.
411
00:24:16,170 --> 00:24:17,958
She would spend time at The Berghof
412
00:24:17,959 --> 00:24:19,259
when Hitler was there.
413
00:24:19,260 --> 00:24:22,229
Public displays of
affection were nonexistent
414
00:24:22,230 --> 00:24:25,069
even in the enclosed
worlds of The Berghof,
415
00:24:25,070 --> 00:24:27,836
leaving her feeling neglected.
416
00:24:56,830 --> 00:24:59,339
Although the relationship
is said to have lasted
417
00:24:59,340 --> 00:25:02,859
16 years, it live was
never publicly committed
418
00:25:02,860 --> 00:25:05,308
to Eva keeping her at arm's length
419
00:25:05,309 --> 00:25:06,468
on the rare occasions
420
00:25:06,469 --> 00:25:09,844
she would accompany him somewhere.
421
00:25:26,129 --> 00:25:28,608
With the war closing in on Germany,
422
00:25:28,609 --> 00:25:29,819
the political strain
423
00:25:29,820 --> 00:25:32,439
on Hitler increases significantly,
424
00:25:32,440 --> 00:25:34,852
rumors of more assassinations and attempts
425
00:25:34,853 --> 00:25:38,418
on his life mean Hitler's
stopped visiting The Berghof
426
00:25:38,419 --> 00:25:40,752
for a treat after July 1944.
427
00:25:47,690 --> 00:25:50,619
- There were lots of plots to kill Hitler.
428
00:25:50,620 --> 00:25:52,119
And of course, you know,
429
00:25:52,120 --> 00:25:53,559
today we wish at least just one
430
00:25:53,560 --> 00:25:55,269
of them had actually worked.
431
00:25:55,270 --> 00:25:58,079
- This was codenamed Operation Valkyrie.
432
00:25:58,080 --> 00:26:00,497
So on the 20th of July, 1944,
433
00:26:01,581 --> 00:26:05,839
Claus Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg
made a serious attempt
434
00:26:05,840 --> 00:26:08,289
on the Furies life by bringing a bomb
435
00:26:08,290 --> 00:26:10,992
into the briefing room where Hitler was
436
00:26:10,993 --> 00:26:11,830
placing under his desk
437
00:26:11,831 --> 00:26:13,539
and hoping the intention
438
00:26:13,540 --> 00:26:14,709
of Operation Valkyrie
439
00:26:14,710 --> 00:26:16,919
was that it would kill Hitler.
440
00:26:16,920 --> 00:26:18,739
- They don't want to get rid of Hitler,
441
00:26:18,740 --> 00:26:20,289
because he's evil.
442
00:26:20,290 --> 00:26:22,608
That may be part of it. They
want to get rid of Hitler
443
00:26:22,609 --> 00:26:25,799
because they think he's
fighting the war badly.
444
00:26:25,800 --> 00:26:27,509
And they just are fed up with him.
445
00:26:27,510 --> 00:26:29,359
And indeed, Hitler is
fighting the war badly
446
00:26:29,360 --> 00:26:32,039
because he's a terrible,
terrible strategist.
447
00:26:32,040 --> 00:26:33,479
Bomb goes off,
448
00:26:33,480 --> 00:26:36,459
and the whole building basically destroyed
449
00:26:36,460 --> 00:26:38,829
in no way anybody can survive.
450
00:26:39,679 --> 00:26:41,958
But miracle upon miracle,
451
00:26:41,959 --> 00:26:46,959
Hitler survives because
this oak table is so heavy.
452
00:26:47,290 --> 00:26:49,869
So over-engineered that actually,
453
00:26:49,870 --> 00:26:52,308
it absorbs so much of the blast
454
00:26:52,309 --> 00:26:54,519
that Hitler gets away with,
455
00:26:54,520 --> 00:26:58,019
I think a perforated
eardrum, some torn trousers,
456
00:26:58,020 --> 00:26:59,030
and a bit of shock.
457
00:27:03,410 --> 00:27:05,759
He survives is absolutely huge blast
458
00:27:05,760 --> 00:27:07,119
and people look at the building.
459
00:27:07,120 --> 00:27:09,209
I mean, how can anybody have survived
460
00:27:09,210 --> 00:27:11,749
that he's incredibly lucky.
461
00:27:11,750 --> 00:27:15,718
And as a result, of course,
the bomb plot fails.
462
00:27:15,719 --> 00:27:18,459
And all the people who are involved
463
00:27:18,460 --> 00:27:20,359
the conspirators are rounded up.
464
00:27:20,360 --> 00:27:22,389
Some of them are executed summarily some
465
00:27:22,390 --> 00:27:25,959
of them are famously strung up and hanged
466
00:27:25,960 --> 00:27:29,089
with piano wire, and filmed
467
00:27:29,090 --> 00:27:32,039
and their executions
are supposedly watched
468
00:27:32,040 --> 00:27:34,358
by Hitler repeatedly.
469
00:27:34,359 --> 00:27:37,839
This is a really, really devastating blow
470
00:27:37,840 --> 00:27:40,519
for any resistance in the Third Reich.
471
00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:43,639
It comes just a month
and a bit adter D-DAY.
472
00:27:43,640 --> 00:27:45,319
And of course, as the allied forces
473
00:27:45,320 --> 00:27:48,598
both Russian American
British Canadian French
474
00:27:48,599 --> 00:27:50,800
punch their way into the
heart of the Third Reich.
475
00:27:51,679 --> 00:27:53,589
You know, the resistance
never quite manages
476
00:27:53,590 --> 00:27:57,779
to take advantage of that.
477
00:28:05,620 --> 00:28:08,468
In 1940, the first half of 1945
478
00:28:08,469 --> 00:28:10,788
is probably this is the darkest six months
479
00:28:10,789 --> 00:28:13,809
in Germany's history
because it's being invaded
480
00:28:13,810 --> 00:28:17,539
by the Russians, the
Red Army from the east
481
00:28:17,540 --> 00:28:19,839
and you've got the other
allies coming through
482
00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:21,068
from the west.
483
00:28:21,069 --> 00:28:23,848
And it's the Russians
who reach Berlin first.
484
00:28:23,849 --> 00:28:25,100
And when they reach Berlin,
485
00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:28,649
it's a city and rubble,
it's a city in flames.
486
00:28:28,650 --> 00:28:30,099
It's a city in chaos.
487
00:28:30,100 --> 00:28:32,329
It's a city in which squads
488
00:28:32,330 --> 00:28:34,569
and marauding loyal Nazis are going
489
00:28:34,570 --> 00:28:35,909
around hanging people
490
00:28:35,910 --> 00:28:37,549
who are not taking part in the resistance
491
00:28:37,550 --> 00:28:40,289
to the city. It's a city
in which you then got
492
00:28:40,290 --> 00:28:41,629
some Nazis committing suicide.
493
00:28:42,509 --> 00:28:45,359
It is the most benighted appalling place
494
00:28:45,360 --> 00:28:48,218
you can imagine. And
you've got the Soviet Army,
495
00:28:48,219 --> 00:28:52,310
literally raping and pillaging this city.
496
00:28:54,600 --> 00:28:59,049
This is the ultimate
expression of conquering
497
00:28:59,050 --> 00:29:01,339
of people by raping its women.
498
00:29:01,340 --> 00:29:03,348
And it's been going on for millennia,
499
00:29:03,349 --> 00:29:06,349
and the Russians do it in a big way.
500
00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:12,909
Hitler's last days in the fear a bunker,
501
00:29:12,910 --> 00:29:15,752
under The Reich chancellery
in the center of Berlin,
502
00:29:15,753 --> 00:29:19,138
you know, are kind of terrible,
503
00:29:19,139 --> 00:29:21,659
and have a Shakespearean tragedy
504
00:29:21,660 --> 00:29:26,389
as the thunder, Russian
artillery all around them.
505
00:29:26,390 --> 00:29:28,489
And they're deep, deep inside this sort
506
00:29:28,490 --> 00:29:31,349
of concrete, underground fortress.
507
00:29:31,350 --> 00:29:34,009
Everybody's sort of kind of going mad,
508
00:29:34,010 --> 00:29:37,469
and especially Hitler,
who then gets married
509
00:29:37,470 --> 00:29:40,229
to his long term girlfriend, Eva Braun,
510
00:29:40,230 --> 00:29:42,260
in this sort of kind of bizarre ceremony.
511
00:29:43,130 --> 00:29:45,349
And then just a few days later,
512
00:29:45,350 --> 00:29:48,459
Hitler on the 30th of April 1945,
513
00:29:48,460 --> 00:29:51,219
decides to take his own life and Eva Braun
514
00:29:51,220 --> 00:29:52,609
is going to do the same thing with him
515
00:29:52,610 --> 00:29:55,709
or Eva Hitler, as of course she became.
516
00:29:55,710 --> 00:30:00,538
And so he goes into his
little kind of living room
517
00:30:00,539 --> 00:30:02,779
with his new bride,
518
00:30:02,780 --> 00:30:04,249
nice way to spend your honeymoon
519
00:30:04,250 --> 00:30:07,869
and they poison and shoot themselves.
520
00:30:07,870 --> 00:30:09,669
It's thought that Hitler's done both.
521
00:30:09,670 --> 00:30:13,729
He takes a little glass
ampoule little canister
522
00:30:13,730 --> 00:30:16,458
of cyanide and also shoots himself
523
00:30:16,459 --> 00:30:19,208
and Eva Braun commits suicide
524
00:30:19,209 --> 00:30:22,519
by poisoning herself. Their
bodies are then removed
525
00:30:22,520 --> 00:30:26,259
by some loyal SS man, his adjutant
526
00:30:26,260 --> 00:30:29,109
and they are taken out in what passes now
527
00:30:29,110 --> 00:30:31,199
for a garden in the right chancery
528
00:30:31,200 --> 00:30:34,369
because it's just a kind
of pockmarked hellhole
529
00:30:34,370 --> 00:30:35,510
of artillery shells.
530
00:30:36,970 --> 00:30:39,489
And there they are,
their bodies are burned.
531
00:30:39,490 --> 00:30:41,009
I mean, this great kind of almost like
532
00:30:41,010 --> 00:30:44,680
it's a Viking pyre like a
Viking longship going up.
533
00:30:46,050 --> 00:30:48,319
And, you know, basically
very little of it remains
534
00:30:48,320 --> 00:30:50,479
there is a bit of jaw bone
535
00:30:50,480 --> 00:30:52,288
in an archive in Moscow,
536
00:30:52,289 --> 00:30:53,989
the teeth of which absolutely
537
00:30:53,990 --> 00:30:56,279
match Hitler's dental records.
538
00:30:56,280 --> 00:30:58,119
So there's no doubt that Hitler died.
539
00:30:58,120 --> 00:31:01,149
A lot of people like to say
that Hitler escaped off the war.
540
00:31:01,150 --> 00:31:05,638
It is total nonsense. Hitler
100% died in Berlin on the 30th
541
00:31:05,639 --> 00:31:07,439
of April 1945.
542
00:31:07,440 --> 00:31:10,378
And with it, so did
Nazism or at least it did
543
00:31:10,379 --> 00:31:11,849
for a while.
544
00:31:11,850 --> 00:31:13,709
The over Salzburg was bombed
545
00:31:13,710 --> 00:31:16,809
by hundreds of British RAF heavy bombers,
546
00:31:16,810 --> 00:31:19,509
at least two bombs struck The Berghof,
547
00:31:19,510 --> 00:31:21,779
and did significant damage,
548
00:31:21,780 --> 00:31:24,808
by which point Hitler fled to his bunker.
549
00:31:24,809 --> 00:31:27,439
On his birthday in 1945,
550
00:31:27,440 --> 00:31:30,468
Hitler took Eva to the
falling Reich Chancellery
551
00:31:30,469 --> 00:31:32,369
for his birthday celebrations
552
00:31:32,370 --> 00:31:34,779
with what was left of his inner circle.
553
00:31:34,780 --> 00:31:37,599
The other Nazis saw this as an indication
554
00:31:37,600 --> 00:31:39,159
that the end was near,
555
00:31:39,160 --> 00:31:41,299
as he always kept her hidden away
556
00:31:41,300 --> 00:31:43,999
from public events, but on this day,
557
00:31:44,000 --> 00:31:46,417
chose to allow her to attend.
558
00:31:51,820 --> 00:31:53,487
30th of April, 1945,
559
00:31:54,450 --> 00:31:55,729
Hitler comes to terms
560
00:31:55,730 --> 00:31:58,428
with the fact that
Germany is losing the war
561
00:31:58,429 --> 00:32:00,178
and is beyond repair.
562
00:32:00,179 --> 00:32:02,109
He hadn't made a public appearance
563
00:32:02,110 --> 00:32:05,849
or speech in months, his
victories are long gone,
564
00:32:05,850 --> 00:32:09,169
needing a mixture of
drugs to keep him sane.
565
00:32:09,170 --> 00:32:13,009
On this day, he finally
agrees to marry Eva Braun
566
00:32:13,010 --> 00:32:15,449
just hours before their suicide.
567
00:32:15,450 --> 00:32:16,939
The pair tie the knot
568
00:32:16,940 --> 00:32:19,269
with what's left of
Hitler's loyal advisors
569
00:32:19,270 --> 00:32:20,789
as witness.
570
00:32:20,790 --> 00:32:24,189
Hours later, Hitler and
his new wife retreat
571
00:32:24,190 --> 00:32:26,889
to his private apartments
within the bunker,
572
00:32:26,890 --> 00:32:29,339
he hands her a cyanide capsule,
573
00:32:29,340 --> 00:32:31,969
and he holds his pistol the pair die
574
00:32:31,970 --> 00:32:35,749
by suicide leaving Germany in ruins,
575
00:32:35,750 --> 00:32:38,439
Hitler would rather die than flee Germany
576
00:32:38,440 --> 00:32:40,489
and to be seen as weak.
577
00:33:36,815 --> 00:33:38,055
- Once the Red Army came
578
00:33:38,056 --> 00:33:40,449
into German territory in 1945,
579
00:33:40,450 --> 00:33:43,639
then Hitler's position
as this infallible ruler
580
00:33:43,640 --> 00:33:45,769
and leader really not
only became to be called
581
00:33:45,770 --> 00:33:48,709
into question, but really came to its end,
582
00:33:48,710 --> 00:33:52,878
because the Soviet troops
were very vengeful.
583
00:33:52,879 --> 00:33:53,939
They were retaliating
584
00:33:53,940 --> 00:33:56,949
for all the terrible
brutalities and atrocities
585
00:33:56,950 --> 00:33:59,129
that the Nazis and the German army had put
586
00:33:59,130 --> 00:34:01,679
into place in in Soviet territory.
587
00:34:01,680 --> 00:34:03,999
What it meant was that
they were coming closer
588
00:34:04,000 --> 00:34:06,959
and closer and they're on their
journey westwards to Berlin
589
00:34:06,960 --> 00:34:09,589
and eventually,
590
00:34:09,590 --> 00:34:11,148
Hitler and a very small
inner circle around him
591
00:34:11,149 --> 00:34:13,389
had to retreat to his bunker,
592
00:34:13,390 --> 00:34:15,200
his underground bunker.
593
00:34:37,620 --> 00:34:40,079
- This is a war brought about by Hitler.
594
00:34:40,080 --> 00:34:42,939
And this is a war that Hitler has fought
595
00:34:42,940 --> 00:34:45,459
for too long, and he's
fighting it to the death
596
00:34:45,460 --> 00:34:48,019
and he's fighting it to
the death of the people
597
00:34:48,020 --> 00:34:49,669
who he supposedly loves.
598
00:34:49,670 --> 00:34:51,799
And he no longer loves them by the end
599
00:34:51,800 --> 00:34:53,959
of the war, and he says that basically,
600
00:34:53,960 --> 00:34:56,138
the German people don't deserve him.
601
00:34:56,139 --> 00:34:58,218
The German people don't deserve Germany
602
00:34:58,219 --> 00:35:00,008
and everybody should fight to the death
603
00:35:00,009 --> 00:35:01,459
because basically, you know,
604
00:35:01,460 --> 00:35:02,928
they don't deserve to be alive
605
00:35:02,929 --> 00:35:04,599
because they failed him
606
00:35:04,600 --> 00:35:08,309
classic narcissistic thinking
the world is for him,
607
00:35:08,310 --> 00:35:11,522
you know, he's not there for the world.
608
00:36:19,385 --> 00:36:21,467
- Finally, after many years
609
00:36:21,468 --> 00:36:24,509
of being Hitler's long-term partner,
610
00:36:24,510 --> 00:36:27,399
Hitler married Eva Braun that night,
611
00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:29,079
it was to be a very short-lived marriage
612
00:36:29,080 --> 00:36:31,779
because two days later,
613
00:36:31,780 --> 00:36:35,013
they both committed suicide together.
614
00:36:59,209 --> 00:37:00,328
- Their bodies are burned
615
00:37:00,329 --> 00:37:04,519
in this great kind of almost
like it's a Viking pyre,
616
00:37:04,520 --> 00:37:06,588
like the Viking longship going up.
617
00:37:23,179 --> 00:37:25,499
- On the seventh of May, 1945,
618
00:37:25,500 --> 00:37:26,838
Germany surrendered
619
00:37:26,839 --> 00:37:28,109
and once that had happened,
620
00:37:28,959 --> 00:37:31,669
the atrocities of the Nazi regime came
621
00:37:31,670 --> 00:37:33,329
to popular attention.
622
00:37:33,330 --> 00:37:35,569
- Ultimately, when it was shown quite
623
00:37:35,570 --> 00:37:36,949
how evil Nazism was,
624
00:37:36,950 --> 00:37:39,119
and the German people
fully appreciated it,
625
00:37:39,120 --> 00:37:41,039
then, yes, the opinion
626
00:37:41,040 --> 00:37:43,467
of Hitler was not quite so positive.
627
00:37:48,069 --> 00:37:49,822
Hitler's home movies
628
00:37:49,823 --> 00:37:51,719
give us a terrifying glimpse
629
00:37:51,720 --> 00:37:54,169
into how a normal family can look,
630
00:37:54,170 --> 00:37:57,070
while their twisted
ideology destroys lives.
631
00:38:05,430 --> 00:38:08,339
For every frame captured by Eva Braun,
632
00:38:08,340 --> 00:38:11,210
hundreds of innocent
lives were being lost.
633
00:38:13,240 --> 00:38:16,459
The true scale of the
tragedy of World War II
634
00:38:16,460 --> 00:38:18,189
would not be revealed until
635
00:38:18,190 --> 00:38:20,429
the Allies discovered and liberated
636
00:38:20,430 --> 00:38:24,180
the concentration camps across Europe.
637
00:38:30,079 --> 00:38:34,162
But it is a tragedy that
will never be forgotten.
45496
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