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♪ Terrible Tudors
Gorgeous Georgians
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♪ Slimy Stuarts, vile Victorians
Woeful wars, ferocious fights
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♪ Dingy castles, daring knights
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♪ Horrors that defy description
Cut-throat Celts, awful Egyptians
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♪ Vicious Vikings, cruel crimes
Punishment from ancient times
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♪ Romans, rotten, rank and ruthless
Cavemen, savage, fearsome, toothless
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♪ Groovy Greeks, brainy sages
Mean and measly Middle Ages
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♪ Gory, ghastly, mean and cruel
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♪ Stuff they don't teach you
at school
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♪ The past is no longer a mystery
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♪ Welcome to Horrible Histories. ♪
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Horrible Histories presents...
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In 1948, the British government
invited
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hundreds of us black men
and women from the Caribbean
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to come and work in the UK.
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We famously sailed over in a ship
called the Empire Windrush.
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Although some people might think
we were the first black people
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to come here, there have actually
been people of African descent
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living in this country
for thousands of years.
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In fact, back in ancient Rome,
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soldiers were sent all the way from
warm north Africa
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to protect the very chilly
north of England.
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Are you a Roman subject from
one of the north African provinces?
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Are you tired of the c-c-constant
Mediterranean sunshine?
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Then join me in the Aurelian Moors
here at Hadrian's Wall.
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I can't feel my hands.
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You'll be part of
this glorious unit,
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and all you have to do
is guard this wall
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against the C-C-Caledonians
on the other side.
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CLANK
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Can you not do that?!
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MAN IN DISTANCE: Oh, sorry, pal!
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Just let us know when you're ready
to be skewered, OK?
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Thank you.
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Actually, do you have a j-j-jumper
I can borrow?
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I'm not really used to the cold.
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CLANK
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Ta!
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You'll have the time of your life
here in northern England,
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learning about new things like...
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..rain.
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Y-You may think you've seen rain,
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but you haven't. Not like this.
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Join us - the Aurelian Moors.
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THUNDER CRACKS
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MAN IN DISTANCE: Oh, do you want
another jumper now?
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Over the centuries, many black
people have helped make
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modern Britain the country
we live in today.
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In Saxon times, there was a
north African monk called Hadrian,
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who helped to grow
Christianity in England.
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Hadrian came over
when his mate Theodore
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was made Archbishop of Canterbury.
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But Hadrian could've had the job
himself.
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Check it out, Hadrian -
Canterbury Cathedral.
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It's got the big windows
and the carvings
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and the big chair
with the...cushions.
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This is an impressive room,
Theodore.
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And it's all mine, baby,
thanks to the Pope.
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Oh, this was so worth the wait.
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Yeah, although did we really have to
wait four months in Italy
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for your hair to grow before coming?
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Worth every day. This bangs. Well...
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What does it do?
It bangs, Your Excellency.
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It bangs, he knows.
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Oh, Archbishop of Canterbury -
top job in the English Church.
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All this, and the Pope Italian
chose me. Number one on his list.
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Well... Don't do it.
It's just, you weren't really first.
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He did ask me to do the job,
but I said,
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"No, Your Holiness, I'm happy
about being an abbot in Naples."
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"The man you want is Theodore."
Well, yeah, thank you.
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But anyway, I'm still top two.
Well, I really should mention...
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No, you shouldn't mention.
There's no need to mention.
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There was that monk called Andrew
that I recommended first,
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and he said no because
he was too old.
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I wasn't even the first person
you recommended?
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But I... Well, I-I was one of
the first three people that...
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Well... Oh!
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The Pope did ask me a second time
before asking you.
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OK, so he asked three people
before me. I'm OK with it.
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That we know about. I'm top five?
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I think top ten might be safer. Oh!
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Did you turn it down, too?
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I'd rather not say.
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Carvings are very nice.
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CHURCH BELL RINGS
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By Tudor times, many black people
had come to England,
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like me, Catalina of Motril,
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servant to Her Majesty, the Queen
of England, Catherine of Aragon.
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My mistress expects nothing
but the best linens and silks,
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and the best service.
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So being one of her personal maids
is an extremely important job.
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But what did we have to do?
Did we...
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The answer is A.
FARTING AND SPLASHING
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CATHERINE OF ARAGON: Catalina,
I'm ready!
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And B.
FARTING CONTINUES
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I'd really rather not talk
about the dog.
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LOUD FART
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I don't even know if that was
the dog or her.
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Some black Tudors had great jobs,
though,
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like expert diver Jacques Francis,
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who was so highly skilled he was
employed to help King Henry himself.
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CATHERINE OF ARAGON: And I've lost
my rubber ducky! Come and find it.
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I am one of the top
west African divers.
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I can nip down to the harbour floor
and be back in a moment.
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What are you looking for?
Oh, you know, a few coins,
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some trinkets and 76 cannons.
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I'm sorry, did you say cannons?
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The smaller stuff is great,
but our employer...
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Whoa! ..Henry VIII, is going to
want those cannons sooner or later.
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See, I'm mostly trained to dive
for little things like pearls.
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Well, you're lucky I'm not asking
you to raise the whole ship, no?
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Whoa. The King's flagship,
the Mary Rose,
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she sank here off the coast
of Portsmouth.
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They already tried and failed
to raise the ship.
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Now the King just wants
all his cool stuff back.
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How am I supposed to lift a cannon?
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Er, you're the expert.
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Whoa!
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Whoo! That wasn't easy.
Only 75 more to go.
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Oh! And while you're down there, see
if there's any other valuable stuff.
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I can sell it, and the King
need never know.
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Ah, Corsi, there you are!
Oh, hello, Your Majesty.
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Ha! Yo, what's up? Pretty
psyched about the whole boat thing.
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Your Majesty...
Whoa! A talking fish.
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What? I'm not a fish.
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Yeah, you must be.
I just saw you swimming.
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People don't swim.
If God had meant us to swim,
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he'd have given us flippers,
or oars, or sails, or fins.
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I know it's unusual here in England.
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But where I'm from, west Africa,
swimming is quite common.
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I can swim right to the bottom
of the sea.
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Oh, ho, ho, ho! Whoa! Man who swims!
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Yes, Your Majesty. Anyway,
I should really get back to work,
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because he wanted me to find
some stuff he could sell
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without you knowing.
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Actually, that reminds me.
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Some people were looking for you.
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Something about someone
selling someone else's things
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from a shipwreck or something.
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I wasn't really listening,
to be honest.
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Swim for it!
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Rod! Thank you, Rodney.
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Argh, argh!
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Francis. Your Majesty.
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Do I have the bod for swimming?
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Huh? Yeah, I thought so.
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By Tudor times, we were living
and working in England
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at many levels of society.
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But I'm afraid it was also the start
of one of the most shameful periods
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in British history.
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The English began to get involved
with the slave trade,
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and even Elizabeth I was encouraged
to take part by a sea captain
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called John Hawkins.
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Will you be pitching a new venture
to the Queen today, Captain John?
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Why, yes, Tudor servant person.
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I have a most wonderful business
opportunity
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that Her Maj would be crazy
to pass up on.
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You want to do a run-through
with me before you go in?
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Erm...sure. Er, a little practice
can't hurt, can it?
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So, my merchant ships will travel
between these three points
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in a sort of triangle formation,
making a profit at each stop.
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It's a win, win, win...lose.
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Erm, sorry. Did you just say "lose"?
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Yes. Anyway, we'll start off taking
fun stuff like pearls,
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ginger and sugar
from the new world here.
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Oh, that's wonderful.
Her Majesty just loves sugar.
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I know. And then we'll bring them
here to Britain.
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And then we take metal, gunpowder
and guns from here in Britain
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and sell them in Africa here.
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And on the final leg from Africa
to the New World,
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we make a huge profit selling...
HE CLEARS HIS THROAT
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S... Er, I was with you,
but I'm a bit lost now.
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What exactly are you picking up in
Africa? Oh, was...was...
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Wasn't I clear? Oh, I'm sorry.
In Africa we will be collecting...
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HE CLEARS HIS THROAT
..and selling them in the New World.
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You just did it again.
What are you getting in Africa?
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Erm...people.
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What?! So you want to capture
people, pack them in ships,
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take them across the Atlantic
in horrible conditions,
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then sell the ones that survive?
And their children.
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And their children?! To work without
pay in the New World
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for the rest of their lives?
Erm...yeah.
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I mean, when you put it like that,
it sounds quite horrible.
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Ugh, you're a tankard-half-full
kind of guy, aren't you?
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Her Majesty will not go for this.
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She's well-known for being against
the idea of forced enslavement.
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What you are suggesting is both
evil and reprehensible.
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Thank heavens our ruler is one
of sound moral compass.
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She stands to make £10,000
from each trip we make.
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She's going to go for it, isn't she?
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Hm, methinks yes.
DOOR OPENS
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FROM BEHIND DOOR: Oh, John!
Nice to see you.
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Your Majesty!
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The misery people will inflict
for money.
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And that misery continued
for hundreds of years,
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with millions of people being taken
from their homes in Africa.
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But some people thought it was
terrible to treat human beings
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00:09:49,840 --> 00:09:52,760
like property.
And by the late 18th century,
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there was a growing campaign
against slavery.
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A number of MPs
led by William Wilberforce
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00:09:59,400 --> 00:10:01,600
worked to stop
this dreadful practice.
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00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:04,800
And outside Parliament,
campaigners included a group
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00:10:04,800 --> 00:10:09,400
of brilliant black political writers
known as the Sons of Africa.
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00:10:11,080 --> 00:10:16,160
♪ We are not putting down our pens
We are not putting down our pens
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00:10:16,160 --> 00:10:19,480
♪ We're the same as the white guys
We're smart, dapper and baptised
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00:10:19,480 --> 00:10:21,360
♪ And we're not putting down
our pens
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00:10:21,360 --> 00:10:23,760
♪ Imma send a letter
to the Prince of Wales
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00:10:23,760 --> 00:10:26,680
♪ I could shout or punch
but I prefer to use Royal Mail
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00:10:26,680 --> 00:10:29,240
♪ The trouble is
I write a lot of words to no avail
210
00:10:29,240 --> 00:10:31,920
♪ Gain supporters, get press
And every night a boat sails
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00:10:31,920 --> 00:10:34,920
♪ I'm a black guy in Britain
A free man, once a slave
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00:10:34,920 --> 00:10:37,840
♪ Hope my actions form a pave
My book, man, it's a fave
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00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:40,280
♪ Got power in my pen
and my speech won't falter
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00:10:40,280 --> 00:10:42,440
♪ We Sons of Africa get bolder
215
00:10:42,440 --> 00:10:44,760
♪ I shouldered that I was kidnapped
Sold to bondage
216
00:10:44,760 --> 00:10:46,720
♪ The empire's hostage
I built upon my knowledge
217
00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:48,280
♪ Not been easy if I'm honest
218
00:10:48,280 --> 00:10:50,600
♪ The plan - make abolition cool
among the dames
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00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:53,040
♪ A lot of letters floating round
So let me spell out my name
220
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♪ I'm the...
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00:10:56,720 --> 00:10:58,440
♪ No, we're not meant to be
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00:10:58,440 --> 00:11:01,160
♪ A group of brothers kept
from opportunities
223
00:11:01,160 --> 00:11:03,920
♪ Meanwhile, Britain keeps
stealing us endlessly
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00:11:03,920 --> 00:11:09,120
♪ Yo, slavers, we're fighting back
Yo, slavers, we're fighting back
225
00:11:09,120 --> 00:11:11,960
♪ You're so behind with the times
Your actions will be crimes
226
00:11:11,960 --> 00:11:14,480
♪ Yo, slavers, we're fighting back
227
00:11:17,520 --> 00:11:19,160
♪ They can't go
228
00:11:19,160 --> 00:11:20,960
♪ Don't you see?
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00:11:20,960 --> 00:11:24,760
♪ I'd have less money
if the slaves were free
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00:11:24,760 --> 00:11:28,400
♪ Tell them, "No, we'd have to pay"
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00:11:28,400 --> 00:11:33,640
♪ We must not let our conscience
get in the way
232
00:11:33,640 --> 00:11:35,920
♪ Nah-da-da-da-da
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00:11:35,920 --> 00:11:38,920
♪ Hey! Da-dee-da-dee-da-dee-da-da
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00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:43,640
♪ Writer and barber, I lead Sons of
Africa and schmooze in the parlour
235
00:11:43,640 --> 00:11:46,680
♪ We make the economic case
to abolish the slave trade
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00:11:46,680 --> 00:11:49,280
♪ Stop the ships now
Then we all get paid
237
00:11:49,280 --> 00:11:51,680
♪ Cruelly, they make us work
for free
238
00:11:51,680 --> 00:11:54,360
♪ And we're banned
from taking part in democracy
239
00:11:54,360 --> 00:11:56,760
♪ They ain't gonna let
kids of Africa just be
240
00:11:56,760 --> 00:12:00,360
♪ So we write letters to stop ships
going out to sea
241
00:12:00,360 --> 00:12:02,760
♪ Geniuses, keep up the writing
242
00:12:02,760 --> 00:12:05,040
♪ Maintain the pressure in the law
We'll keep fighting
243
00:12:05,040 --> 00:12:06,760
♪ Are you not a man and a brother?
244
00:12:06,760 --> 00:12:08,280
♪ We'll get the votes we need
245
00:12:08,280 --> 00:12:10,120
♪ If not this time then another
246
00:12:10,120 --> 00:12:15,280
♪ We are the Sons of Africa
247
00:12:15,280 --> 00:12:18,280
♪ You can't deny our lives matter
The slave trade we will shatter
248
00:12:18,280 --> 00:12:20,760
♪ We're the Sons of Africa
249
00:12:20,760 --> 00:12:25,360
♪ We are the Sons of Africa
250
00:12:25,360 --> 00:12:28,600
♪ You can't deny our lives matter
The slave trade we will shatter
251
00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:30,640
♪ We're the... ♪
252
00:12:32,960 --> 00:12:36,080
Thanks to dedicated people like
the Sons of Africa and Wilberforce,
253
00:12:36,080 --> 00:12:40,040
in 1796, Parliament finally decided
to call for a vote
254
00:12:40,040 --> 00:12:42,000
on ending the slave trade.
255
00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:45,160
But some MPs had more important
things to do.
256
00:12:49,640 --> 00:12:51,960
Thomas, fancy seeing you here.
257
00:12:51,960 --> 00:12:54,560
A production of The Two Hunchbacks.
I wouldn't miss it.
258
00:12:54,560 --> 00:12:57,120
I love opera. Oh, me too.
259
00:12:57,120 --> 00:12:58,760
Love a bit of opera!
260
00:12:58,760 --> 00:13:00,680
But I thought you'd be
at Parliament,
261
00:13:00,680 --> 00:13:03,680
the important anti-slavery vote.
Yeah, well, you're not there either.
262
00:13:03,680 --> 00:13:05,720
Besides, I'm not going to miss
The Two Hunchbacks
263
00:13:05,720 --> 00:13:07,640
just to end slavery
in the British Empire.
264
00:13:07,640 --> 00:13:10,440
We'll have plenty of votes
without the two of us. Four.
265
00:13:10,440 --> 00:13:12,600
There's George and Simon
in the box opposite.
266
00:13:12,600 --> 00:13:15,040
Yeah, well, they're still only
missing four votes.
267
00:13:15,040 --> 00:13:17,080
This night will be famous
as the night
268
00:13:17,080 --> 00:13:19,840
that the slave trade was ended
in Britain for good.
269
00:13:19,840 --> 00:13:23,360
And for a jolly good production
of The Two Hunchbacks.
270
00:13:23,360 --> 00:13:26,560
You don't think they might lose
the vote without us?
271
00:13:26,560 --> 00:13:30,080
No! Every MP with a conscience
will be there.
272
00:13:30,080 --> 00:13:32,720
There'll be, erm, Toby.
Oh, there's Toby.
273
00:13:32,720 --> 00:13:36,200
Yeah, well, Stephen, Bartholomew.
Over there.
274
00:13:36,200 --> 00:13:37,840
Barty! Stevo!
275
00:13:37,840 --> 00:13:39,000
FROM BELOW: What up?!
276
00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:40,800
Well, Peter, Alexander, Jacob, John?
277
00:13:40,800 --> 00:13:43,360
Yeah, they're all here, too.
278
00:13:43,360 --> 00:13:45,080
Do you think we need to go and vote?
279
00:13:46,120 --> 00:13:47,840
Hm...
280
00:13:47,840 --> 00:13:49,920
Ending slavery...
281
00:13:49,920 --> 00:13:52,960
Tickets to The Two Hunchbacks...
282
00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:54,520
They'll probably win without us.
283
00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:56,560
MAN: We lost the vote 74-70.
284
00:13:56,560 --> 00:13:59,720
The slave trade is still legal
in the British Empire.
285
00:13:59,720 --> 00:14:02,440
Yeah, well, there'll be another
vote soon.
286
00:14:05,560 --> 00:14:08,760
Oh, dear. Wilberforce won't be
happy. We'll need to cheer him up.
287
00:14:09,960 --> 00:14:12,240
Tickets to the opera. Great idea!
288
00:14:14,760 --> 00:14:16,880
I am Olaudah Equiano.
289
00:14:16,880 --> 00:14:20,840
I was kidnapped and enslaved
in Africa, taken to Barbados,
290
00:14:20,840 --> 00:14:24,120
then to America, then England,
then the West Indies.
291
00:14:24,120 --> 00:14:28,560
Then finally, in 1766,
I was able to buy my own freedom
292
00:14:28,560 --> 00:14:30,600
with the money I managed to earn.
293
00:14:30,600 --> 00:14:32,160
I became a sailor,
294
00:14:32,160 --> 00:14:33,520
a traveller,
295
00:14:33,520 --> 00:14:35,800
hairdresser and an activist.
296
00:14:35,800 --> 00:14:38,840
My autobiography was a huge success.
297
00:14:38,840 --> 00:14:41,600
I became a free man in 1766,
298
00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:45,240
but the trading of slaves
continued until 1807,
299
00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:47,880
and the slaves themselves weren't
freed in the British Empire
300
00:14:47,880 --> 00:14:50,640
until 1833.
301
00:14:50,640 --> 00:14:54,120
So tell me - what happened
to the slave owners
302
00:14:54,120 --> 00:14:57,080
when the slaves were freed?
Were they...
303
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:13,080
The answer's C! In total,
the owners were given £20 million,
304
00:15:13,080 --> 00:15:17,120
because the enslaved people were
considered the owners' property.
305
00:15:17,120 --> 00:15:22,040
And guess how much the newly freed
800,000 ex-slaves got?
306
00:15:22,040 --> 00:15:23,440
Nothing.
307
00:15:23,440 --> 00:15:27,000
I mean, I know freedom is priceless,
but come on!
308
00:15:28,920 --> 00:15:31,480
Even though the slave trade
was outlawed in Britain
309
00:15:31,480 --> 00:15:34,120
and things were starting to improve
for us,
310
00:15:34,120 --> 00:15:36,520
over in America, slavery continued.
311
00:15:36,520 --> 00:15:39,840
It's no wonder many black Americans
found it easier to make their mark
312
00:15:39,840 --> 00:15:41,240
here in Britain.
313
00:15:46,240 --> 00:15:48,920
Britain's first black boxing
superstar!
314
00:15:48,920 --> 00:15:51,560
I was born into slavery,
but I fought my way out!
315
00:15:51,560 --> 00:15:54,000
He escaped America for the UK.
316
00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:56,960
He is Bill Richmond!
317
00:16:02,240 --> 00:16:06,920
King George IV hired me
to be a doorman at his coronation.
318
00:16:06,920 --> 00:16:09,920
I don't care if you are the Queen.
This list says no.
319
00:16:09,920 --> 00:16:12,640
So this boxer...bouncer says
you are not going in
320
00:16:12,640 --> 00:16:15,000
to see your husband crowned.
Now off you go.
321
00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:16,720
Next!
322
00:16:16,720 --> 00:16:18,960
I am the pugilist with
the flying fist.
323
00:16:21,600 --> 00:16:26,040
But don't ask me about my fight
against my big rival, Tom Cribb.
324
00:16:32,760 --> 00:16:37,040
Oh, actually, can I ask? What did
happen in your fight with Tom Cribb?
325
00:16:38,160 --> 00:16:40,240
Oh, right. I see.
326
00:16:41,600 --> 00:16:43,240
Ow!
327
00:16:46,520 --> 00:16:50,520
Hi, I'm Phillis Wheatley.
Welcome to the launch of my book -
328
00:16:50,520 --> 00:16:54,320
Poems On Various Subjects,
Religious And Moral.
329
00:16:54,320 --> 00:16:57,160
I'm in London, as people
didn't seem keen
330
00:16:57,160 --> 00:16:59,400
on publishing my book in America.
331
00:16:59,400 --> 00:17:01,760
Not at all angry about that.
332
00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:05,560
Poet Pete says,
"Did you really write the book?"
333
00:17:05,560 --> 00:17:08,480
OK, I know some of you have
a problem with the idea
334
00:17:08,480 --> 00:17:10,520
that a black woman
could write a book,
335
00:17:10,520 --> 00:17:13,080
because a black woman's never
had her poems published before.
336
00:17:13,080 --> 00:17:16,920
So let me be clear -
I wrote the poems myself.
337
00:17:16,920 --> 00:17:20,720
Cribbage Daemon asks -
"Who really wrote the book?"
338
00:17:20,720 --> 00:17:23,200
I just explained that. I wrote it.
339
00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:26,600
I and my work have been examined
by a panel of experts in America
340
00:17:26,600 --> 00:17:30,000
and it has been confirmed.
So can we please move on?
341
00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:33,440
Abolition says -
"I bet she didn't write it."
342
00:17:33,440 --> 00:17:36,000
I wrote it.
Black women can write poems.
343
00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:38,040
Deal with it!
344
00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:42,320
Monsieur Voltaire - blue tick.
The most famous French writer ever.
345
00:17:42,320 --> 00:17:44,560
I am honoured.
346
00:17:44,560 --> 00:17:47,280
"As a fellow writer..." Yes.
347
00:17:47,280 --> 00:17:50,640
"..I am enormously impressed
by your work."
348
00:17:50,640 --> 00:17:51,800
Thank you.
349
00:17:51,800 --> 00:17:54,560
"You are an example to us all."
350
00:17:54,560 --> 00:17:56,280
Stop it.
351
00:17:56,280 --> 00:18:00,600
"But some people were asking, is
it absolutely true that you wr..."
352
00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:03,680
I don't know why I bother.
353
00:18:03,680 --> 00:18:07,000
And another famous American who came
to Britain to make his name
354
00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:09,040
was Ira Aldridge.
355
00:18:09,040 --> 00:18:11,640
♪ I did so much way back when
356
00:18:11,640 --> 00:18:16,240
♪ Started acting in the States
But they didn't want men like me
357
00:18:16,240 --> 00:18:20,080
♪ Oh, no, except for slavery
358
00:18:20,080 --> 00:18:23,560
♪ So I travelled on a boat
across the Atlantic sea
359
00:18:23,560 --> 00:18:27,800
♪ Was 17 and the Brits
had no problem with me
360
00:18:27,800 --> 00:18:32,040
♪ Oh, no, their law said I was free
361
00:18:32,040 --> 00:18:35,440
♪ Acted in London, Liverpool
and Brighton
362
00:18:35,440 --> 00:18:39,000
♪ Edinburgh and London
Hull and London... ♪
363
00:18:39,000 --> 00:18:41,440
There were more theatres in London.
364
00:18:41,440 --> 00:18:45,000
♪ Oh, I did so much
Was on an acting spree
365
00:18:45,000 --> 00:18:49,080
♪ I toured the whole country
but I settled in Coventry
366
00:18:49,080 --> 00:18:53,320
♪ Oh, yes, they really liked me
367
00:18:53,320 --> 00:18:56,360
♪ My acting so impressed everyone
368
00:18:56,360 --> 00:18:59,560
♪ Round Coventry Theatre
aged only 21
369
00:18:59,560 --> 00:19:03,080
♪ Oh, I done so much
and not done dough
370
00:19:03,080 --> 00:19:07,120
♪ I went back on the stage
when I played Othello
371
00:19:07,120 --> 00:19:11,320
♪ Oh, yes, in the West End-o
372
00:19:11,320 --> 00:19:14,400
♪ But I did more than that
as a matter of fact
373
00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:17,640
♪ Campaigned passionately
against all slavery
374
00:19:17,640 --> 00:19:21,080
♪ Changed our society
for black people like me
375
00:19:21,080 --> 00:19:24,080
♪ And that wasn't easy. ♪
376
00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:29,400
Hello, there. I'm Ignatius Sancho,
377
00:19:29,400 --> 00:19:32,840
and despite being born on
a slave ship in 1729,
378
00:19:32,840 --> 00:19:34,920
I became the first black male writer
379
00:19:34,920 --> 00:19:37,080
to have my work published
in England.
380
00:19:37,080 --> 00:19:40,280
And as a landowner, I was the first
black Briton ever
381
00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:43,080
to be able to vote in a
British election.
382
00:19:43,080 --> 00:19:44,880
I'm awesome.
383
00:19:44,880 --> 00:19:49,000
So, why did I remove my clothes
in a London club?
384
00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:51,040
Was it...
385
00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:02,640
The answer is C.
386
00:20:02,640 --> 00:20:06,120
I lost them in a card game.
MAN: Come on, and the socks.
387
00:20:06,120 --> 00:20:09,920
I did a lot of great stuff. I just
had a bad night playing cards, OK?
388
00:20:09,920 --> 00:20:12,560
I said socks!
I'm doing it, Your Highness.
389
00:20:12,560 --> 00:20:14,600
There were many black celebrities
in Britain
390
00:20:14,600 --> 00:20:16,880
in the 18th and 19th centuries.
391
00:20:16,880 --> 00:20:20,680
But one of the most famous
was the nurse Mary Seacole,
392
00:20:20,680 --> 00:20:23,280
who risked her life
tending to wounded soldiers
393
00:20:23,280 --> 00:20:25,320
during the Crimean War.
394
00:20:29,840 --> 00:20:35,240
♪ Me name Mary Seacole
Famous nurse to the Crimean boys
395
00:20:35,240 --> 00:20:39,960
♪ No, me not Florence Nightingale
That mix up, me annoys
396
00:20:39,960 --> 00:20:44,800
♪ Me learned my skills in Jamaica
where my mother nursed the sick
397
00:20:44,800 --> 00:20:49,840
♪ And I think it's
my destiny, child, to be a war medic
398
00:20:49,840 --> 00:20:52,200
♪ If you need it
put a massive plaster upon it
399
00:20:52,200 --> 00:20:54,800
♪ If you're bleeding
shouldn't be disaster for it
400
00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:57,280
♪ If your leg broke
going to need a cast on it
401
00:20:57,280 --> 00:21:00,040
♪ If you're constipated
take oil of castor for it
402
00:21:00,040 --> 00:21:02,280
♪ Whoa, oh, oh
Whoa, oh, oh
403
00:21:02,280 --> 00:21:04,440
♪ Whoa, oh, oh, oh
404
00:21:04,440 --> 00:21:09,520
♪ Once here in Crimea
Me became a pioneer
405
00:21:09,520 --> 00:21:14,600
♪ Me carpenters engineered
a hotel at the new frontier
406
00:21:14,600 --> 00:21:17,240
♪ Set up on the front line in 1855
407
00:21:17,240 --> 00:21:19,520
♪ Independent woman
saving soldiers' lives... ♪
408
00:21:19,520 --> 00:21:21,920
Welcome to the British Hotel.
409
00:21:21,920 --> 00:21:24,800
♪ Me boarding house became the haunt
410
00:21:24,800 --> 00:21:27,120
♪ Of the great and good
411
00:21:27,120 --> 00:21:29,320
♪ Though it wasn't glamorous
412
00:21:29,320 --> 00:21:32,080
♪ It was built of old bits of wood
413
00:21:32,080 --> 00:21:34,360
♪ Supplied the troops
with kit and clothes
414
00:21:34,360 --> 00:21:37,040
♪ Served both the rich and poor
415
00:21:37,040 --> 00:21:39,160
♪ Me nursed right on the battlefield
416
00:21:39,160 --> 00:21:41,880
♪ While Florence worked
far from the war
417
00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:44,040
♪ I'm a fierce lady
Never fazed by it
418
00:21:44,040 --> 00:21:46,520
♪ Wrote a book and earned funds
raised by it
419
00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:48,960
♪ Me hotel
Men owe their lives to it
420
00:21:48,960 --> 00:21:51,800
♪ Going down in history
That's me prize for it. ♪
421
00:21:53,960 --> 00:21:58,120
Unfortunately, when Mary came back
from the Crimea, she was penniless.
422
00:21:58,120 --> 00:22:02,720
But she was loved by the soldiers,
and they insisted on trying to help.
423
00:22:02,720 --> 00:22:06,560
Mother Seacole, we know you've had
financial problems.
424
00:22:06,560 --> 00:22:08,840
This Seacole Fund Grand Military Festival
425
00:22:08,840 --> 00:22:11,600
is us saying thank you
for everything you did
426
00:22:11,600 --> 00:22:14,200
to nurse our soldiers
during the Crimean War.
427
00:22:14,200 --> 00:22:16,400
Thank you. I'm touched.
428
00:22:16,400 --> 00:22:19,560
Just one thing.
Would you mind if I organised it?
429
00:22:19,560 --> 00:22:22,600
Certainly not.
It's a benefit concert for you.
430
00:22:22,600 --> 00:22:26,560
Yes, but I see how you
organised things in the Crimea,
431
00:22:26,560 --> 00:22:29,120
and I'd rather everyone didn't die.
432
00:22:29,120 --> 00:22:33,240
Ha, nonsense. You put your feet up
and leave everything to us.
433
00:22:33,240 --> 00:22:37,480
OK. But this day you're talking
about... Ooh, not one day.
434
00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:41,120
It's a four-day festival,
and you get all the profits.
435
00:22:41,120 --> 00:22:46,080
A small event might be better.
A few thousand tickets, a band?
436
00:22:46,080 --> 00:22:48,920
Poppycock. We'll have
40,000 tickets,
437
00:22:48,920 --> 00:22:53,000
ten brass bands and nearly
a thousand performers.
438
00:22:53,000 --> 00:22:57,160
Oh, dear. It's going to be another
Crimea, isn't it?
439
00:22:57,160 --> 00:22:59,840
CROWD CHANTS: Mother Seacole,
Mother Seacole, Mother Seacole!
440
00:22:59,840 --> 00:23:04,000
Gentlemen, I must apologise
for doubting you.
441
00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:07,800
Oh, the generosity that you
and the people here have shown me
442
00:23:07,800 --> 00:23:12,120
is too much. I won't need to worry
about money ever again.
443
00:23:12,120 --> 00:23:14,400
Yeah...a bit optimistic.
444
00:23:14,400 --> 00:23:16,960
But 40,000 people paying as much as
445
00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:19,760
five shillings a ticket,
you must have made...
446
00:23:19,760 --> 00:23:23,800
228 quid. You could buy 15 horses
for that.
447
00:23:23,800 --> 00:23:27,920
15 horses?
How would I feed 15 horses?
448
00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:30,480
Oh, ooh, ooh! We could raise money
with another festival.
449
00:23:30,480 --> 00:23:33,360
But this time with added horses.
450
00:23:33,360 --> 00:23:36,920
I'm certainly grateful for the £228.
451
00:23:36,920 --> 00:23:42,240
Although, I am surprised we didn't
make more if 40,000 people came.
452
00:23:42,240 --> 00:23:45,480
How much did you make on
the sandwiches? Oh, sandwiches!
453
00:23:45,480 --> 00:23:48,040
I told you we should have done
sandwiches.
454
00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:51,680
And the souvenirs? Souvenirs!
All seems so obvious now.
455
00:23:51,680 --> 00:23:53,720
Badges? No. Hats? No.
456
00:23:53,720 --> 00:23:56,280
Posters? No.
Did you have a collection plate?
457
00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:59,000
Ooh...no. Look on the bright side.
458
00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:02,680
At least you had £228.
What do you mean, "had"?
459
00:24:02,680 --> 00:24:05,840
The venue just went bust
and they can't give us the money.
460
00:24:05,840 --> 00:24:07,760
I shouldn't be surprised.
461
00:24:07,760 --> 00:24:10,960
These are
the same geniuses that went to war
462
00:24:10,960 --> 00:24:13,960
without enough hospitals.
463
00:24:13,960 --> 00:24:16,960
Mary certainly earned her place
in the history books.
464
00:24:16,960 --> 00:24:21,120
And almost 100 years later,
when World War II broke out,
465
00:24:21,120 --> 00:24:24,360
we black men and women from Britain
and all around the world
466
00:24:24,360 --> 00:24:28,320
were once again ready to do our bit,
fighting the Nazis.
467
00:24:28,320 --> 00:24:31,320
One of the first black women to join
the British Armed Forces
468
00:24:31,320 --> 00:24:34,040
was Lilian Bader.
469
00:24:34,040 --> 00:24:38,160
I can scarcely believe it's true.
I'm married.
470
00:24:38,160 --> 00:24:41,600
Believe it, Lilian.
Or should I say Mrs Ramsay-Bader?
471
00:24:41,600 --> 00:24:45,560
Oh, Ramsay! I haven't exactly had
a straightforward life.
472
00:24:45,560 --> 00:24:48,000
Orphaned at nine...
AIR RAID SIREN WAILS
473
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:50,160
Brought up by nuns in a convent.
474
00:24:50,160 --> 00:24:54,400
Darling, I think maybe we should...
No, darling, I must tell you this.
475
00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:58,720
When the Second World War broke out,
I left my career in domestic service
476
00:24:58,720 --> 00:25:04,400
to join the Armed Forces because
I wanted to make a difference.
477
00:25:04,400 --> 00:25:06,640
They stopped me working
in the military canteen
478
00:25:06,640 --> 00:25:09,480
because my father wasn't born
in the UK.
479
00:25:09,480 --> 00:25:15,000
So I joined the
Women's Auxiliary Air Force instead.
480
00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:18,840
I was one of the first black women
to join the British Armed Forces
481
00:25:18,840 --> 00:25:21,360
But the best day of my life...
GUNFIRE, BOMBS EXPLODE
482
00:25:21,360 --> 00:25:26,240
..was the day I met you, my funny,
handsome, tank driver.
483
00:25:26,240 --> 00:25:29,000
PLANES WHIR
And now we're married.
484
00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:31,640
Look! Gosh! Exactly.
485
00:25:31,640 --> 00:25:34,360
You arranged fireworks!
Not me, Hitler!
486
00:25:34,360 --> 00:25:36,880
Let's get out of here.
Happy wedding day!
487
00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:46,440
Hi, I am Sam King MBE, and I was
mayor of Southwark in the 1980s.
488
00:25:46,440 --> 00:25:48,600
I was originally from Jamaica,
489
00:25:48,600 --> 00:25:53,320
and after serving as an RAF engineer
during the Second World War,
490
00:25:53,320 --> 00:25:56,000
I decided to move to Britain
for work.
491
00:25:56,000 --> 00:26:01,000
And so in 1948, I boarded
His Majesty transport ship
492
00:26:01,000 --> 00:26:03,400
Empire Windrush.
493
00:26:03,400 --> 00:26:06,000
The Windrush brought a lot
of passengers like me
494
00:26:06,000 --> 00:26:07,680
from the West Indies.
495
00:26:07,680 --> 00:26:10,520
We'd seen adverts asking
for workers to move to Britain.
496
00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:16,560
That was one of the first of many
similar journeys
497
00:26:16,560 --> 00:26:20,600
and helped create what people call
the Windrush generation.
498
00:26:20,600 --> 00:26:25,080
But tell me! When we discovered
a stowaway on board the ship,
499
00:26:25,080 --> 00:26:27,120
what did we do? Did we...
500
00:26:36,240 --> 00:26:38,120
The answer is B.
501
00:26:40,320 --> 00:26:43,240
We held a concert on board
502
00:26:43,240 --> 00:26:45,640
and the money raised
paid for her ticket
503
00:26:45,640 --> 00:26:49,840
so she can join us in our new home
in Britain.
504
00:26:49,840 --> 00:26:54,080
We still celebrate Caribbean music
and culture to this day
505
00:26:54,080 --> 00:26:58,040
in the famous Notting Hill Carnival
every summer.
506
00:26:58,040 --> 00:27:00,640
Ha, ha, ha, ha!
You missed me that time!
507
00:27:06,520 --> 00:27:09,280
Yes, Britain wouldn't be the place
it is today
508
00:27:09,280 --> 00:27:11,360
without the extraordinary
contribution
509
00:27:11,360 --> 00:27:14,440
of the Windrush generation.
And, as we've seen,
510
00:27:14,440 --> 00:27:17,960
black people have made history here
for thousands of years.
511
00:27:17,960 --> 00:27:21,000
In fact, archaeologists
have now worked out the appearance
512
00:27:21,000 --> 00:27:23,720
of one of the earliest known
Britons.
513
00:27:23,720 --> 00:27:26,880
He's called Cheddar Man,
after the place in Somerset
514
00:27:26,880 --> 00:27:28,600
where his remains were discovered.
515
00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:33,480
And they reckon he looked like this,
with dark hair and dark skin.
516
00:27:33,480 --> 00:27:37,120
So I guess you could say
we've been here from the start.
517
00:27:37,120 --> 00:27:39,160
Thanks for watching!
518
00:27:39,160 --> 00:27:44,160
♪ Please lend me your ears
for this news I shall impart
519
00:27:44,160 --> 00:27:48,920
♪ You may not have been told
we have been here from the start
520
00:27:48,920 --> 00:27:51,360
♪ We worked in the Stone Age
521
00:27:51,360 --> 00:27:53,840
♪ Went to war with Bonaparte
522
00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:56,600
♪ Before these isles were British
523
00:27:56,600 --> 00:27:59,360
♪ Black people played their part
524
00:27:59,360 --> 00:28:01,640
♪ Cheddar Man was Mesolithic
525
00:28:01,640 --> 00:28:03,960
♪ 10,000 years from now
526
00:28:03,960 --> 00:28:06,680
♪ When the animals were terrific
527
00:28:06,680 --> 00:28:08,760
♪ You should see his giant cow
528
00:28:08,760 --> 00:28:14,400
♪ And the Roman Emperor General
and the brave Aurelian Moors
529
00:28:14,400 --> 00:28:19,680
♪ Were just a few of several
who walked upon these shores
530
00:28:19,680 --> 00:28:24,200
♪ Listen to the tales
and these words I shall impart
531
00:28:24,200 --> 00:28:26,920
♪ Before Harold lost at Hastings
532
00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:29,400
♪ Black people played their part
533
00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:34,440
♪ Queen Catherine and Henry
had a trumpeter called John
534
00:28:34,440 --> 00:28:36,920
♪ And a maid called Catalina
535
00:28:36,920 --> 00:28:39,240
♪ But from history books
they're gone!
536
00:28:39,240 --> 00:28:44,720
♪ Of naked Georgian writers
and the stars of boxing rings
537
00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:46,800
♪ To the battlefields of Europe
538
00:28:46,800 --> 00:28:49,960
♪ And the Windrush I can sing
539
00:28:49,960 --> 00:28:54,640
♪ Please lend me your ears
for this news I shall impart
540
00:28:54,640 --> 00:28:56,800
♪ Before Harold lost at Hastings
541
00:28:56,800 --> 00:29:00,040
♪ Black people played their part
542
00:29:00,040 --> 00:29:02,320
♪ These histories are just stories
543
00:29:02,320 --> 00:29:05,360
♪ There's truths for us to see
544
00:29:05,360 --> 00:29:10,440
♪ That for 10,000 British years
some Brits have looked like me
545
00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:12,560
♪ And today the future's hopeful
546
00:29:12,560 --> 00:29:15,200
♪ Rashford and Stormzy light the way
547
00:29:15,200 --> 00:29:17,160
♪ Evaristo, Blackman
548
00:29:17,160 --> 00:29:20,360
♪ Hamilton, Kaluuya
and many more names to say
549
00:29:20,360 --> 00:29:24,680
♪ Listen to the tales
There are words to fill your heart
550
00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:30,360
♪ You may not have been told
We have been here from the start
551
00:29:30,360 --> 00:29:34,920
♪ Try to map our journey
You will need a bigger chart
552
00:29:34,920 --> 00:29:37,640
♪ Before these isles were British
553
00:29:37,640 --> 00:29:40,320
♪ Black people played their part. ♪
554
00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:44,920
I graduated first class
with an instrument repairer.
555
00:29:44,920 --> 00:29:47,520
As an instrument repairer,
not with one!
556
00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:49,600
I was one of the first black women
to...
557
00:29:51,200 --> 00:29:53,640
..I can't remember the rest!
SHE SHRIEKS WITH LAUGHTER
558
00:29:53,640 --> 00:29:56,240
♪ The past is no longer a mystery
559
00:29:56,240 --> 00:30:01,200
♪ Hope you enjoyed
Horrible Histories. ♪
560
00:30:01,250 --> 00:30:05,800
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